Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guerre des Gaules'
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Mak, Joël. "Vercingetorix au XXe siècle : histoire, archéologie et anthropologie d'une figure symbolique du passé national, en quête d'une identité propre." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/mak_ditmack_j.
Full textBrethes, Jean-Pierre. "César, premier soldat de l'Empire : "Bellum Gallicum" I à VII." Bordeaux 3, 1996. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=1996BOR30053.
Full textBetween 58 and 52 b. C. , in gaul, caesar lived and fought within his legions ; therefore he found the means to dominate the state, as the patroon of his troops. Caesar miles (book i) wonderfully using of the roman legion, organized by his uncle marius, caesar was one of the most famous captains of all the times. But also, even in his army, he was a politic man, considering his legionaries and many faithful gauls to be his own people. Legio vel popvlvs (book ii) against generally accepted opinion, in the legions of gaul, discipline was not an acquired characteristic. Caesar had to obtain it by enduring the same works and dangers as the least legionary. Trusting beyond any prudence his officers and the chiefs of the main gallic peoples, he founded a new politic order in wich everyone, at his place, lived and died for caesar. Caesar vel senatvs (book iii) of course, caesar did not invented all the ideas he put into practice in gaul : he learnt the greck philosophers and he was knowing many famous historical examples, as alexander or romulus. However, he was no longer "romae proconsul", but he was engaged in his own war, appointing the gallic kings and foundind durably a new citizenship
Arbabe, Emmanuel. "Du peuple à la cité : vie politique et institutions en Gaule chevelue depuis l'indépendance jusqu'à la fin des Julio-Claudiens." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010549/document.
Full textProtohostoric Gaul is traditionally seen as devoid of unity, torn apart by continuous wars between its peoples. The Gallic entity described by Caesar would be a creation of his own in view of Roman politics goals. Nonetheless, the institutions of Gallic peoples are seen as a coherent whole obeying to the Aeduan model. The renewed study of the sources, particularly the "Bellum Gallicum", invalidates these views inherited from passed centuries. ln fact, Gaul is a reality that precedes the Roman description. It is a coherent political space with common political practices: assemblies at different levels, among which one for Gaul, the recognition of a hegemonic people, the use of general coalitions headed by a war leader. These practices, well established already during Caesar's time, provided for a part of the basis of the Roman administrative system in Gaul. Thus the Gallic entity is perpetuated though the cult at the Confluent which ignored the provincial tripartition and partially obeyed criteria inherited from the independence. As for the peoples' institutions, they are here considered as many of independent entities therefore revealing their diversity in spite of their convergences. The Roman conquest did not entail an immediate institutional upheaval and civil wars delayed the establishment of a "forma provinciae". Rome then relies on men it maintained to power. It is only in 16-13 BC that Augustus completed the provincial cutting and triggered civic mutation in Gaul which leads to more institutional homogeneity. But diversity endured and the Latin right doesn't put an end to situations inherited from the past either
Montigny, Séverine Roussineau Gilles. "Traduire César entre Moyen Âge et Renaissance étude de la "translation" de la Guerre des Gaules par Jean du Quesne (1473-1474) à partir de l'exemple du livre III (édition et commentaire) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/montigny-dcb15.pdf.
Full textBrunaux, Jean-Louis. "Guerre et religion en Gaule : essai d'anthropologie celtique /." [Paris] : Errance, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39127481t.
Full textTexier, Yves. "Gergovie : essai historique et critique sur l'identification du site." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20055.
Full textVirtually official since napoleon iii, the localization of gergovia to the south of clermont-ferrand on the merdogne plateau confirms a toponymical and philological tradition dating back to the xvi century, seemingly confirmed, in its turn, by archeological research of the thirties and forties : but this was, and to this day still is, contested i in profit of the hills, known as the "cotes de clermont", immediately to the north of the town. The confrontation of these two sites supposes, in all hypothesis, that we aknowledge an authority of principle towards ancient texts, since they are anterior to any formal identification; it is therefore they who first dictate the condi-tions of an identification,be they topographical,military or archeological. It is true that,since symeoni,the argum based on toponymie seems to settle the problem at once in favour of the southern plateau. Nevertheless, if the disposition of the place pleads quite well in favour of this plateau, the reconstitution of the affair has always come up again apparently unsurmountable difficulties or contradictions. A re-examination of the question leads us, on the other hand, and this despite controls carried out before the war-to re-evaluate the conclusions of the second empire on caesarean works, and also to recognise the negative results of former excavations on the arvern oppidum. Thus we are led, working backwards, to weigh the arguments in favour of the cotes de clermont, arguments drawn from archeology, as concerns the celtic oppidum or caesarean works, or from philologie, for topographical or military facts, as a result of which we would be justified in lifting the toponomical objection and in asking whether, all things considered, the requirements for identification are not better met by the north site than that of the south
Guillaumin, Jean-Yves. "Alésia et les textes anciens." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF20006.
Full textA study of ancient historical documents, latin and greek -mainly by Caesar, Diodorus, Strabo, Plutarch, Florus and Cassius Dio concerning what happened at Alesia in the year 52 b. C. A reconstruction from these texts of Caesar's campaign starting from Gergovia in the year 52, and particularly of the events that occurred immediately before the blockading of Alesia, namely the truce of the summer of 52, the romans' retreat, the battle of cavalry. A collation of the various locations put forward with the data of the latin and greek documents. An updated summary of the arguments supporting the Alise-Sainte-Reine location : the alesian tradition, onomastics, toponymy, topography and archaeology. An introduction to the method known as "identikit", worked out from the specifications in the ancient texts, and to the results it leads up to. As an appendix an account of several hypotheses, not widely known, put forward by local scholars
Deyber, Alain. "En Gaule à la Tène finale : stratégies, tactiques et techniques celtiques de la guerre (de la Tene D1 à la romanisation - IIè/ -Ier siècle av. J.-C.)." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040017.
Full textThe Greeks and the Romans’ military art have regularly been studied, but very few have been the researches on war in Gaul. Yet, war was almost a permanent phenomenon. Generations of historians have explained its presence by associating it with a mere series of events. One must nevertheless examin other, deeper, and less direct causes. Among these, one has to mention long war traditions resulting in amazing massacres, religious conceptions wich glorify heroes and extreme sacrifice, a society based on a genuine « economy of war » , in a background of conflicts with foreign nations. The whole social organization, the very system of emerging civitates, is war-bound. The art of war during the La Tène D obviously met deep mutations when compared to the previous period : gradual enforcement of a codified decision precess, organization of the forces, inceasing manpower, development of the art of commanding in a context of strategic concerns which, on the battlefield, modify fighting techniques. One thus understands better how the Gaul considered, thought or made war : the diversification of armament precedes or goes along with the development of tactical weapons, and particularly of mounted troops. In infantry, the ancient Greek phalanx is replaced by lighter and more mobile units. Fotifications increase in number and the art of poliorcetics emerges gradually. A few noblemen attempt to take over this emerging force, turning war into a profession instead of an amateurish performance for the sake of excitement. What if war in Gaul wasn’t a mere feature of civilization , but, on the contrary, the very basis of Gaul society ?
Durez, Aymeric. "Le grand large dans la politique étrangère française : penser le changement de la fin de la guerre d'Algérie à la fin de la guerre froide." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3072.
Full textFrance’s foreign policy can be understood through three major concerns: the European circle, the transatlantic circle and the circle of le grand-large. While the first matter corresponds to the European Neighbourhood Policy, and the second matter is asecurity partnership and refers to the NATO, the circle of le grand-large cannot be easily identified by neither a geographical area, a function, nor an institutional process. Starting from the end of the Algerian War, this thesis analyses the transformation of the foreign policy of le grand-large in coordination with the other two incidents between 1958 and 1991. This study aims to illustrate that France’s foreign policy under the Fifth Republic is not characterised by "gaullo-mitterrandienne" continuity, but rather by unequal ability between General de Gaulle and François Mitterrand to articulate the magnitude of change in politics of the three circles (alteration of the policy within a circle of belonging / hierarchical switching between the circles / appearance or disappearance of a circle) with different forms of change in the external environment (reconfiguration of the international polarity / modification of the relations between the main poles / restructuration of the polarity at regional level). The lack of institutionalization of le grand-large policy, abortive attempts to modify the content of this circle and difficulties for this policy to become a lever, led to his relegation compared to a Euro-Atlantic dynamic
Diffo, Edouard. "Le Général de Gaulle et la reconstruction de l'Europe après la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081024.
Full textThis thesis addresses general de gaulle's constribution to the reconstruction of europe atter it was politically, economically and morally destroyed innworld war ii. Although the media routinely portray the man as being "anti-european", facts clmearly show that he was the one who actually built europe, particularly between 1958 and 1969. In 1958, contrary to all expectations, general de gaulle chose to implement the treaty of rome, which he had neither negociated nor even signed. He then proved to be the best of europeans, complying with the timetable of the treaty of rome and wrangling the common agricultural policy at the price of a crisi in 1962. De gaulle bravely fought those whom he considered to be "enemies of europe". Twice he opposed britain's entry into the european community ; he creted the fra co-german axis to counter the london-washington axis, and he decided to pull france out of nato (the north atlantic treaty organization). And yet, general de gaulle merely produced a franco-german europe although his dream was to build it from the atlantic to the urals. Today, general de gaulle's concept of the europe of nations remains au inspiration to many european leaders
QUESNOY, FRANCIS. "Le style de charles de gaulle dans les memoires de guerre et les memoires d'espoir." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040275.
Full textThe reason for writing this thesis, comprising some eight hundreds pages of typescript, is to show how the prose of charles de gaulle, is readily recognisable. My study of the text is limited however to his memoirs, showing as they do, the literary process of the author, and indeed these can be subdivided into three separate volumes comprising - grammar, rhetoric and music. In the case of the former, the basic facts of grammar are con- tained within just two chapters, divided into "parts of speech" and "the sentence", followed immediately by two chapters on rhetoric, comprising "literary images" and "other figures of speech". The last remaining volume containing the basic facts of music comprises four chapters dedicated to "sound", "rhythm", "tempo" and volume of sound". In all cases, as examples have been taken from historical events, it has been felt necessary to precede each with a short introduction
Renoux, Guillaume. "Les Archers de César. Recherches historiques, archéologiques et paléométallurgiques sur les archers dans l'armée romaine et leur armement de César à Trajan." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545245.
Full textCoppin, Marc. "La Côte d'Opale en guerre d'Algérie : 1954-1962." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0294.
Full textBetween 1954 and 1962 thousands of young men from the Côte d’Opale were sent to Algeria to. In a land that was widely unknown territory to the most northern part of the home country they faced the horrors of a conflict that separated them from their families and their friends, made them lose their jobs. Three hundred and seventy-eight of those young men never came back. How did the population of the coast experience the war in their daily lives? This is a history of the Côte d’Opale through its conscripts and their families as well as their link with Algeria. On the coast, political parties and mainly left-wing trade unions, Christians and teachers took a stand against the extension of the war. However the “OAS” and the NLF also attracted some marginal commitment. From 1954 to 1958 the coast was legalist, but because the Fouth Republic was so largely discredited, General de Gaulle’s return to power was welcomed. Whenever a serious crisis arose though, as in May 1958, January 1960 and April 1961, General de Gaulle’s action was fully supported locally. In order to assuage the pain of the broken or mourning families, official bodies intervened to comfort or maintain a link with the young conscripts in Algeria. Charities and local organizations provided relief. The economic ties between the ports of the Côte d’Opale and the main colony of the country were also affected by the conflict, but relations were sustaines even after 1962. The setllement of a few repatriates and Harkis on the coast have kept alive the memory of the conflict and of its outcome. Fifty years on, speaking about the war still proves difficult
Leroux, Denis. "Une armée révolutionnaire : la guerre d'Algérie du 5e bureau." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H077.
Full textDuring the Algerian War, French officers considered the army and its action as revolutionary. They aimed to radically reform military institutions, adapting them to a conflict perceived as a revolutionary war led by communism whose goal was the political control of the population. This revolutionary army had to participate in the modernization of Algeria, integrating Algerians into the French social body, allowing the emergence of an "Algérie nouvelle". In order to achieve this goal, these officers advocated an authoritarian hardening of the state capable of countering communist subversion. This thesis explores the roots, content and consequences of this revolutionary army through the study of the 5th bureau : the staff officers responsible for conducting psychological action from 1955 to 1960, as well the propagandists, political commissars and theoreticians of politico-military action. It employs a prospography of the individual and collective career trajectories of these officers, and analyzes the institutional logics; discourses, and the practices of the 5th bureaus. Tt highlights the political action of the army during the crisis of May and June 1958 through the authoritarian mobilization of Algerians for fraternization demonstrations that aimed to evince Algerians' commitment to a renovated colonial order. This project was defeated by the cleat opposition of the Gaullist state, which dissolved the 5th Bureaus in February 1960 following the week of the barricades uprising, but particularly by its systematic misunderstanding of the Algerian political situation
Ricard, Jannick. "Représentation du guerrier gaulois à travers les restes osseux découverts dans le sanctuaire de Ribemont-sur-Ancre." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20143/document.
Full textThe Iron Age sanctuary at Ribemont-sur-Ancre (Somme) is interpreted as a place devoted to cult establish after warlike events which took place during 3rd B. C. century. Metallic pieces (weapons, swords, harness fitting), ceramics, faunal remains, and humans bones, remains of the body of more 500 individuals, with an absence of skulls, have been recovered. We identified lot of violence marks on the surface bones: warfare, beheading, defleshing, amputation. The ostéometric analysis highlighted features in physical characteristic of gauls individuals. Examinations of numerous traces allow to put forward hypothesis on the process of war and body remains treatments. The approach and the large corpus at Ribemont-sur-Ancre, allow to put forward new interpretation on the sanctuary organization and about anthropology of war and gaul warriors
Llosa, Alvar de La. "La politique latino-américaine de la France après la Seconde guerre mondiale et son évolution sous la première présidence de Charles de Gaulle, (1945-1965)." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100110.
Full textRelations between France & Latin America were already well established when de Gaulle became President. In those troubled times of colonial conflict, European economic expansion, cold war and the emergence of underdeveloped countries, there appeared an innovative French foreign policy based on an independent stance as regards world superpowers, & a policy of decolonisation & initiatives aimed at the Third World. What had shaped France's Latin American policy & what had been the driving force behind its diplomatic activity up until the first official tour throughout Latin America of a French President in 1964 ? And, above all, how did Latin America's intelligentsia & politicians perceive these innovations at a time when economic crisis was rampant, when periods of inaction (Alliance for Progress) were followed by armed intervention (Dominican Republic), when military dictatorships appeared and when the Cuban conflict proved that Latin America had henceforth integrated into the East-West conflict. What led France to elaborate a Latin American policy & according to what criteria did Latin America either reject or welcome France's international policy offers ?
Zora, Gülnihal. "Les relations franco-turques à l'epoque du Général De Gaulle (1958-1969)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA087/document.
Full textThe relationship between France and Turkey are one of the longest diplomatic relations of French and Turkish history. By a diplomatic character, René Massigli, these relationships were revived. His short stay in Ankara between 1939-1940, during the first two years of Second World War, constitutes a transition period. He was appointed ambassador to Ankara, which is the capital of the newly created modern Turkey by Atatürk. Also, the official visit of De Gaulle to Turkey in 1968, is a milestone in the relations between two countries.Can we speak of a rapprochement between the two countries in the de Gaulle era? What is the opinion of De Gaulle on Atatürk's Turkey? Did their respective situations provide them an opportunity to converge their foreign policies in the 1940-1968 period? How did De Gaulle in whose opinion international blocks formed around hegemonies divided Europe and spanned towards the East should give way to détente, understanding and international cooperation see Turkey?The most important issue in this context is that the consequences of this Gaullist vision still survives today. The Season of Turkey in France in 2011, initiated by a decision of President Chirac who has regarded as a true Gaullist, is one of the most tangible results. What other consequences of this vision on the French foreign policy, and especially on the Franco-Turkish relations can be seen today?
Türkiye-Fransa diplomatik ilişkileri, Fransız tarihinin en uzun ilişkileridir. İki ülke arasındaki bu ilişkiler, Diplomatik bir karakter olan René Massigli sayesinde canlanmıştır. Hemen İkinci Dünya Savaşı öncesindeki kısa sureli kalışı bu önemli dönemin dönüm noktası olmuştur. Atatürk tarafından kurulan modern Türkiye’nin yeni başkenti Ankara’ya Büyükelçi olarak atanmıştır. Buna benzer şekilde, 1968 yılında General de Gaulle tarafından Türkiye’ye gerçekleştirilen resmi ziyaret de bu ilke ilişkileri açısından bir başka önemli donum noktasıdır.Charles de Gaulle döneminde iki ülkenin stratejik yakınlaşmasından bahsedebilir miyiz? Bu yakınlaşmanın çeşitleri faktörleri ve sınırları nelerdir? 1960li yılların ortasından itibaren her iki ülkede de yükselişe geçen Amerikan karşıtlığı bu stratejik yakınlaşmada bir faktör olabilir mi? Avrupa’yı ikiye bölen ve Doğu’ya da uzanan iki kutuplu dünyanın yerini yumuşama, anlaşma ve uluslararası işbirliğine bırakması gerektiğini düşünen General de Gaulle, Türkiye’nin Avrupalılığı hakkında ne düşünüyordu? Bu sorular ışığında sorunsalımız şu şekilde somutlaşıyor: General de Gaulle’ün dünya görüşü Türkiye-Fransa ilişkilerini nasıl etkiledi?Bu görüşün sonuçlarının günümüze kadar uzanması, General de Gaulle döneminin ve vizyonunun Türkiye Fransa ilişkileri açısından en önemli sonuçlarından birisidir. 2011 yılında, gerçek bir gaullist olarak nitelendirilen Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı Chirac öncülüğünde gerçekleştirilen, gerçek amacının Türkiye’nin Fransızlar tarafından kültürel ve ekonomik faaliyetler aracılığı ile daha iyi tanınması olan “Türkiye sezonu”, General de Gaulle’ün günümüze kadar uzanan mirasıdır. Bu vizyonun, Fransız dış politikası ve özellikle Fransa-Türkiye ilişkileri üzerindeki diğer sonuçları ne ifade etmektedir?
Turpin, Frédéric. "Le gaullisme et l'Indochine (1940-1956)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040044.
Full textBoivin, Hélène. "Louis Terrenoire, un fidèle à l’ombre du général de Gaulle 1908-1992." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL105.
Full textGreatly forgotten in the history of Gaullism, Louis Terrenoire is nevertheless one of the most attested representatives of it. Nothing predisposed this Lyonnais, from a modest family, first engaged in the actions of social Catholicism and then Christian trade unionism, to have a political career that was in every respect in the wake of the General. Louis Terrenoire went to Paris in 1932 to join the newspaper “L'aube” launched by Francisque Gay, and made his first contacts with the political circles of Christian Democracy. He stands out above all for his commitment as a journalist in the fight against fascism. Mobolized in 1939, he went into battle with the will to defend the country as well as its republican and christian values. Refusing the armistice, he very early won the ranks of the Resistance, not in response to the Appeal of June 18 that he did not hear but to prolong an antifascist struggle begun in the 1930s. It was during his years of resistance and then in deportation that Louis Terrenoire discovered himself to be a Gaullist and began to build a political identity inseparable from the General. In 1945-1946, he began a parliamentary career under the MRP label. After the break-up of the “loyalty party” with the General, Louis Terrenoire decided to leave him in 1947 to serve General de Gaulle. Beaten in 1951, he became a Member of Parliament again in 1958 and the rest until 1973. He took part in the exercice of power during the Algerian war as Minister of Information, then as Minister Delegate Relations with Parliament from February 1961 to April 1962 and at the same time as spokeman for a General who was very open to debate in the Council of Ministers.This political itinerary is based on an unfailing loyalty to a man- General de Gaulle-, to his ideas and to his work, which makes him a “ baron” apart until his death
Apard-Malah, Élodie. "Queues de Pie et Grands Boubous : une histoire franco-africaine : les relations politiques franco-nigériennes de l'après-guerre aux années 2000." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010652.
Full textSancho, Gómez Miguel Pablo. "Guerra y Política en el Imperio Romano de Occidente (337-361)." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/11015.
Full textThis work is focused in the military deeds of Julian Caesar in Gaul, the usurpation of Magnentius and the key battles of that time, Strasburg and Mursa. It offers a study of the Roman army in the West and a quick insight to the defensive problems against barbarians. A survey of the disposition and structure of the roman frontier in the Rhineland and the reasons why it failed to be successful during the Big Invasions of the Fifth Century. Also features a spanish version of the Mamertinus panegiric of 362.
Boivin, Hélène. "Louis Terrenoire, un fidèle à l’ombre du général de Gaulle 1908-1992." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL105.
Full textGreatly forgotten in the history of Gaullism, Louis Terrenoire is nevertheless one of the most attested representatives of it. Nothing predisposed this Lyonnais, from a modest family, first engaged in the actions of social Catholicism and then Christian trade unionism, to have a political career that was in every respect in the wake of the General. Louis Terrenoire went to Paris in 1932 to join the newspaper “L'aube” launched by Francisque Gay, and made his first contacts with the political circles of Christian Democracy. He stands out above all for his commitment as a journalist in the fight against fascism. Mobolized in 1939, he went into battle with the will to defend the country as well as its republican and christian values. Refusing the armistice, he very early won the ranks of the Resistance, not in response to the Appeal of June 18 that he did not hear but to prolong an antifascist struggle begun in the 1930s. It was during his years of resistance and then in deportation that Louis Terrenoire discovered himself to be a Gaullist and began to build a political identity inseparable from the General. In 1945-1946, he began a parliamentary career under the MRP label. After the break-up of the “loyalty party” with the General, Louis Terrenoire decided to leave him in 1947 to serve General de Gaulle. Beaten in 1951, he became a Member of Parliament again in 1958 and the rest until 1973. He took part in the exercice of power during the Algerian war as Minister of Information, then as Minister Delegate Relations with Parliament from February 1961 to April 1962 and at the same time as spokeman for a General who was very open to debate in the Council of Ministers.This political itinerary is based on an unfailing loyalty to a man- General de Gaulle-, to his ideas and to his work, which makes him a “ baron” apart until his death
Mallet, Audrey. "Vichy against Vichy : History and Memory of the Second World War in the Former Capital of the État français from 1940 to the Present." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H073.
Full textFollowing the June 22, 1940 armistice and the subsequent occupation of northern France by the Germans, the French government left Paris and eventually established itself in the city of Vichy. The name 'Vichy' soon came to be used to refer to the regime instigated by Pétain and his ministers. The shortcut was maintained and popularized in the postwar period, to the great displeasure of the Vichyssois. Whereas the Vichy regime has long been considered one of the most defining historical events of France’s recent past, in the French memorial landscape of the Second World War, the city of Vichy continues to stand out as a non lieu de mémoire. This dissertation investigates the wartime period in Vichy and explores how the population has dealt with the fraught legacy of the Vichy regime from 1944 to the present. My research examines how the interaction between national mythology, specific local concerns, and broader troubling issues have impacted - and blocked - the formation of a local war memory
Bensoussan, David. "Les droites en Bretagne dans l'entre-deux-guerres : tensions et déchirements dans un monde catholique et rural." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0015.
Full textDubois, Jean-Etienne. "Leçon d'histoire pour une droite dans l'opposition ? : les mobilisations de droite contre le Cartel des gauches dans la France des années Vingt." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20031/document.
Full textIn the mid-twenties, France was achieving its reconstruction, both economical and political. In 1924, and for the first time since the beginning of the century, the general election took place in a context of a clear bipolarization between left and right, which had a structuring effect on French political field. The victory of the Cartel des gauches at this election appears as a political break-point, that the historiography about political life during interwar years has rather neglected since Jean-Noël Jeanneney’s studies upon Cartel des gauches in the seventies. The organizations of the right-wing learnt a few important lessons from this period when they were in the parliamentary opposition. The most important one was that the political majority coming out democratic election could be changed in the middle of the parliamentary legislature. Indeed, in July 1926, weakened by the growing divisions between radicals and socialists incapable of giving an answer to the increasing financial and monetary crisis, the cartellist majority fell definitely. Raymond Poincaré, the main opponent of the left in 1924, came back to the Council presidency, leading a new parliamentary majority of national union. When the right had been defeated again in 1932 and 1936, it remembered this precedent. Another lesson was that the various social and political mobilizations against the Cartel des gauches had played a significant role to weaken the socialist and radical majority. The community movements, such as catholic or professional ones, and the political organizations mobilized in this period, built a culture and abilities of being in political opposition, that they have reactivated later during the interwar years. This episode proved also the persistence, in political opposition, of structural divisions of the political field of the French right-wing, due to the permanence of doctrinal and strategic splits (the first ones about questions of secularism, foreign policy or parliamentary nature of institutions; the second ones about the political attitude toward the radicals, between uncompromising attitude and conciliation). These divisions, but also the nature of the political debates and the political practices which were developed during these two years, had lasted until the mid-thirties
Giró, Gianfranca. "Après les camps entre autobiographie et fiction : les récits de la survie dans la littérature française contemporaine." Lille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL30049.
Full textBertaud, Alexandre. "Des guerriers au contact : transferts de technologie et évolutions tactiques en Europe occidentale du IIIème au Ier s. a.C." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30002.
Full textDuring the last centuries BC, late prehistorical societies were struggled against great Mediterranean Powers. With this proximity, some weapon modifications has been seen as a one way exchange: between one people and Rome. We want to study the warfare interactions in Western Europe in a large range of possibility by the analyses of all the warlike artefacts exchanged without focusing on the Mediterranean Powers against the prehistorical peoples. Through this we can understand the warfare interactions mechanisms. Introducing the main cultural groups and discussing the history of weaponry research, we propose to understand the place of the weapon in the late prehistorical societies. Through the trustworthy discovery contexts (around 900), we want to understand the socio-cultural dynamics of each group in relation to warfare behavior. This relation will be seen during the long time to approach the modifications that are strictly from the prehistorical people or that are deliberate conducted by Rome. Through analyses of several weapons (more than 3500), we can highlight the choices of each cultural group and the adoptions. The fighting techniques are essential in the choices to adopt some weapons. This analyses leads us to propose some new ways to think about ancient issues as the roman gladius. We must use several kind of data to apprehend the warfare interaction in Western Europe. These analyses are useful to understand the warlike behavior in the societies and so the mechanics of weapon exchanges. They also permit to realize and relativize the impact of Rome, as in the rapport of the prehistorical societies to warfare, as the fighting techniques in the roman military system
Warlouzet, Laurent. "Quelle Europe économique pour la France? : La France et le marché commun industriel, 1956-1969." Paris 4, 2007. http://books.openedition.org/igpde/102.
Full textFrance's policy towards the EEC has been mostly considered from an essentially political perspective, despite the fact that the Rome Treaty had primarily sought to establish an economic union between the member states. This doctoral dissertation seeks to fill that gap by studying France's EEC policy between 1956 and 1969 from an economic angle. During this period, there was a clash between various economic models for Europe, and it is misleading to solely reduce it to a competition between protectionism and Free-trade. The debate opposed two visions of Europe, one based on competition policy and the other on Industrial Policy, a debate that is still relevant today. This thesis examines not only the French decision-making process and its flaws, but also the institutionnal model of the EEC. The latter's technocratic dynamic proved both a source of strength and of weakness, since it fostered the "democratic deficit" that is very clear today
Gong, Tianhui. "La question indochinoise entre la France et la République populaire de Chine de 1954 à 1964." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL028.
Full textThis thesis focus mainly on Sino-French relations around the Indochinese issue, the role of Indochina in Sino-French relations and the influence of the Cold War on these questions between 1954 and 1964. During the Indochina War, France and China are in opposition in Indochina due to Chinese support for the Vietminh and the tense situation of the Cold War. From 1953, China and France desire to settle Indochinese conflicts by negotiation. Thus, during the Geneva conference of 1954, China and France had several contacts and realize collaborations in order to put an end to the Indochina war. After the Indochina War, China continued the policy of dissociating the Western alliance. It tries to develop its relations with France and to obtain French support in the application of the Geneva agreements. However, the foreign policy of the Fourth Republic of France is not independent of the United States. The two countries are therefore missing an opportunity to normalize their relations and to collaborate in the application of the Geneva agreements. After having became the president of Fifth Republic of France, Charles de Gaulle pursues an independent and powerful France. The Franco-American divergence over Indochina is acute. The contacts between China and France during the Geneva conference on Laos in 1961 and 1962 had a positive influence on leurs relations. With a objective of obtaining the cooperation of China on the Indochinese question, De Gaulle decided to recognize China in January 1964. However, there are some cooperations between France and China on Laos after the establishment of their diplomatic relations, an international conference on all Indochina hoped by De Gaulle isn’t realized
Desbois-Ientile, Adeline. "L’histoire écoutée aux portes de la mythologie : l’écriture du mythe troyen autour des Illustrations de Lemaire de Belges." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040144.
Full textThis dissertation studies historical writing and mythological fiction in the Renaissance, taking its starting point in the myth of the Trojan origins of the Franks. Although centered upon Lemaire de Belges’s Illustrations de Gaule et singularitez de Troye (1511-1513), a grand genealogical fresco containing the legendary narratives of the loves of Pâris and of the Trojan War, the corpus extends to a vast intertextual network that includes the works of Bouchet, Thenaud, Helisenne de Crenne, and Ronsard. The uniqueness of the Illustrations is such that it allows us to observe and analyze with conspicuous acuity the interactions, at the time of the Renaissance, between history and poetic fiction. In particular, it enables us to measure the extent to which fiction may be merged with historical narrative, and to articulate the distinctive features of the two writing styles from poetic, rhetorical, and stylistic points of view. On the one hand, we consider the history of the Trojan myth from the Middle Ages to the end of the Renaissance. On the other, we analyze the special treatment reserved for mythology within the work, showing that the Trojan myth is both a quest in search of the true origins of a people and a plausible narrative embellished in highly imaginative prose. Finally, observing the differences among the various parts of the work, we shed light on the tension between a neutral and matter-of-fact style of the sort required by historical writing and a newly invented “poetic prose” enriched with rhetorical devices and freshly crafted expressions. The Illustrations is thus seen to open an exceptional window upon the historical and poetic worlds of the Renaissance
Gloriant, Frederic. "Le grand schisme. La France, la Grande-Bretagne et les problèmes euro-atlantiques, 1957-1963." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030108.
Full textFrom January 1957 onwards, following the Suez crisis, Macmillan prioritised the rebuilding of the Anglo-American “Special Relationship”; in June 1958, de Gaulle returned to power, with the ambition to deliver a foreign policy grounded in the principle of French national independence from the United States. De Gaulle’s desire to promote a strategic European autonomy came into conflict with a British foreign policy designed to maximise British influence within the framework of the Atlantic Alliance. The fundamental clash between these two directions of travel, latent at first, resulted in a politico-strategic schism between Paris and London, which de Gaulle chose to expose publicly on January 14, 1963, by vetoing the British entry into the European Economic Community and turning down the Anglo-American offer of a nuclear partnership.Drawing on the French and British diplomatic archives, this thesis will examine a crucial question which, until now, has been insufficiently analysed: the role that Anglo-French relations played, especially their politico-strategic dimension, during a period which proved crucial for building the architecture of Euro-Atlantic security, in a world dominated by the Cold War. By bringing together European and transatlantic perspectives, this study demonstrates the links between the politico-strategic dimension of the European project and the development of NATO, and thus improves our understanding of fundamental long-term trends in British and French foreign policies, namely how, from that point on, Britain and France came to represent two antagonistic positions within the debate between Atlanticists and supporters of “European Europe”
Filion, Sébastien. "Histoire et rhétorique : Grégoire de Tours et les guerres civiles mérovingiennes." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20464.
Full textHoule, Vincent. "Par rapport au monde : la dimension internationale comme point de ralliement entre la Résistance intérieure et le général de Gaulle (1940-1944)." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18731.
Full textAfter the abrupt defeat to Germany during the Second World War, resistance movements, refusing the proposed armistice, organized in France to fight the German occupation and the Vichy regime. Exiled to London, Charles de Gaulle, between 1940 and 1944, pushed to obtain the leadership of the resistant organisations and succeeded. Our MA thesis analyses the Resistance’s adhesion to Gaullism from a new perspective, both by exploring the dynamics between the French Resistance and the global scene as well as how international factors impacted this adhesion process. Based on the analysis of resistant press and radio propaganda, our research exposes the importance both mediums afford to international matters as well as General de Gaulle’s favourable association to these topics. Moreover, it reveals the strong links between the French Inland Resistance’s relation to the global scene and what General de Gaulle represents to the resistant activists. Our research shows significant evidence for how international factors influenced the Resistance’s adhesion to Gaullism. Providing nuance and precision to the traditional political conception of the relationship between the French inland resistance and General de Gaulle, this detailed analysis thus offers a more in-depth and subtle comprehension of the phenomenon of resistance in France.
Cabral, Pedro Vasco Enes da Silveira de Sousa. "O acordo Luso-Francês de 1964 : a base francesa das Flores (1964-1977)." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/4041.
Full textO principal objectivo deste estudo consiste em compreender as relações Luso Francesas durante o processo do acordo estabelecido entre os dois países em 1964, e determinar o impacto que teve na manutenção dos interesses dos dois Estados: para Portugal, a ajuda política e militar numa conjuntura particularmente adversa; para a França, o acesso a facilidades concedidas nos Açores, essenciais para o cumprimento do seu programa de desenvolvimento da tecnologia dos mísseis, inerente a um projecto mais abrangente da política externa francesa. De salientar que, nesta altura, Portugal encontrava-se em negociações para a renovação do acordo das Lajes com os Estados Unidos, havendo, por este prisma, a possibilidade de alguma crispação por parte dos norte-americanos em relação a este assunto. Perante as dificuldades na prossecução dos seus intentos - a manutenção das suas colónias e, por consequência, a sobrevivência do regime – Portugal necessitava de encontrar novos parceiros para garantir apoio político nas instâncias internacionais, como era o caso da ONU, e apoio militar pelo facto de ter perdido este tipo de auxílio dos seus aliados tradicionais, sobretudo, dos EUA. Desta forma, a nossa dissertação terá como desafio principal tentar demonstrar como o acordo Luso-Francês foi importante para a canalização de recursos e apoios externos que serviram para a consumação de estratégias internas.