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Journal articles on the topic 'Human brain tumor cells'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Roosen, Mieke, Chris Meulenbroeks, Phylicia Stathi, et al. "BIOL-11. PRECLINICAL MODELLING OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS USING ORGANOID TECHNOLOGY." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_1 (2023): i8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad073.030.

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Abstract Molecular characterization has resulted in improved classification of pediatric brain tumors, leading to many novel (sub)types with distinct oncodriving events. To study tumor biology and to perform translational research on each of these tumors, preclinical models are essential. However, we are currently lacking sufficient models, especially in vitro, to represent each (sub)type and their heterogeneity. To generate large series of preclinical in vitro models for pediatric brain tumors, we are using organoid technology. Cells from patient samples and patient-derived xenograft samples

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Weiner, Howard L., Hongyun Huang, David Zagzag, Hayden Boyce, Roger Lichtenbaum, and Edward B. Ziff. "Consistent and Selective Expression of the Discoidin Domain Receptor-1 Tyrosine Kinase in Human Brain Tumors." Neurosurgery 47, no. 6 (2000): 1400–1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200012000-00028.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Few molecular targets are both consistently and selectively expressed in a majority of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. Receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in brain tumor oncogenesis. We previously isolated one such receptor, discoidin domain receptor-1 (DDR1), from high-grade pediatric brain tumors. Here, we analyze the cellular origin and distribution of DDR1 expression in human brain tumors and its expression in tumor cells relative to surrounding brain. METHODS By use of a digoxigenin-labeled DDR1 riboprobe, we investigated the expression of DDR1 messen

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Kunishio, Katsuzo, Nobuya Mishima, Takashi Matsuhisa та ін. "Immunohistochemical demonstration of DNA polymerase α in human brain-tumor cells". Journal of Neurosurgery 72, № 2 (1990): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.2.0268.

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✓ The proliferative capacity of brain-tumor cells was analyzed in vitro and in situ using monoclonal antibody (MAb) against deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase α. For the in vitro studies, two cultured human glioma cell lines were investigated using MAb against DNA polymerase α, the MAb Ki-67, a serum against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin), bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR), and an anti-BUdR MAb. During exponential growth of the cells, the percentage of polymerase α-positive cells (the “polymerase α score”) ranged from 72.0% to 77.1%, the Ki-67-positive cells (the “Ki-67 score”) ra

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Ghezelbash, Mohsen, Nahid Masoudian, and Mehdi Pooladi. "Beta Actin Expression Profile in Malignant Human Glioma Tumors." International Clinical Neuroscience Journal 5, no. 2 (2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/icnj.2018.14.

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Background: Proteomics is considered a new era in neurophysiological/ neuropathological research including brain tumors. Gliomas which are derived from glial cells are the most common type of brain tumor in humans. Methods: In the present study the total protein content of healthy cells of the brain and brain tumor cells was extracted, purified and quantified by Bradford assay. Two-dimensional electrophoresis were used for protein separation followed by statistical analysis. Primary protein detection was performed based on the differences in isoelectric pH, molecular weight of proteins and pro

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Recht, Lawrence, Carmen O. Torres, Thomas W. Smith, Vic Raso, and Thomas W. Griffin. "Transferrin receptor in normal and neoplastic brain tissue: implications for brain-tumor immunotherapy." Journal of Neurosurgery 72, no. 6 (1990): 941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.6.0941.

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✓ The distribution of transferrin receptor (TfR) in normal human brain-tissue obtained at autopsy and in brain-tumor biopsy specimens from 27 patients was determined by immunohistochemistry using two specific murine monoclonal antibodies against human TfR. The tumors studied included 10 glioblastomas multiforme (GBM's), nine other glial tumors, and eight meningiomas. In normal brain, TfR was detected primarily in endothelial cells; rare glial cells also contained immunoreactive product. All tumors contained TfR-positive cells, although the intensity (number of cells stained) and pattern (focal

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Antonica, F., L. Santomaso, G. Aiello, D. Pernici, E. Miele, and L. Tiberi. "OS13.3.A Establishment of a novel system to specifically trace and ablate quiescent/slow cycling cells in high-grade glioma." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_2 (2021): ii16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab180.051.

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Abstract BACKGROUND High-grade gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors, with poor prognosis due to recurrence and tumor infiltration after surgical removal and chemotherapy. Quiescent/slow cycling stem cells have been proposed to be one of the main players of tumor relapse but their involvement in in the infiltration remain unclear. Despite they have been described in mouse models or after transcriptional profiling of human tumor samples, their direct visualization, targeting and ablation remains a challenge. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tumors were induced over-expressing oncogenic forms o

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Stewart, Patricia A., Kay Hayakawa, Catherine L. Farrell, and Rolando F. Del Maestro. "Quantitative study of microvessel ultrastructure in human peritumoral brain tissue." Journal of Neurosurgery 67, no. 5 (1987): 697–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1987.67.5.0697.

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✓ The form and function of blood vessels are determined by the cells that constitute their microenvironment. Brain tissue around tumors contains varying numbers of tumor cells that could influence local capillaries to lose their blood-brain barrier (BBB), as they do in the tumor itself. Microvascular permeability cannot be measured directly in humans but can be inferred from a knowledge of vessel ultrastructure. The authors have examined the vascular ultrastructure associated with the BBB in human peritumoral brain tissue for evidence of BBB compromise and to correlate BBB features with the ce

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Nabors, Michael W., Constance A. Griffin, Barbara A. Zehnbauer, et al. "Multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) expression in human brain tumors." Journal of Neurosurgery 75, no. 6 (1991): 941–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1991.75.6.0941.

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✓ Multidrug resistance for many types of cancer outside the central nervous system (CNS) has been found to be due to the overexpression of the multidrug resistance gene MDR1, of which the gene-product P-glycoprotein acts as a membrane-bound efflux pump for many anticancer drugs. To examine whether brain tumors overexpress the MDR1 gene, 25 brain-tumor specimens were subjected to Northern blot analysis: 10 gliomas, eight meningiomas, three schwannomas, one malignant lymphoma, and three tumors metastatic to the brain. Ten fresh-frozen autopsy specimens of various parts of normal brain were also

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Li, Jianbo, Guojian Zhang, Mingming Zhu, Xuemei Wang, and Xiao-Feng Li. "Establishment and Imaging Studies of Human Lung Cancer-Associated Brain Metastasis Animal Models." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 9, no. 6 (2019): 1138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2019.2707.

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Background: Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with fast increase in morbidity and mortality, and great threat to human health and life. Methods: Animal models (n = 5) were performed by injecting 1 × 106 A549 cells in 0.1 mL phosphate buffer saline into nude mice through the left ventricle. Body weight of animals was measured every 3 days, and changes in the appearance and behavior were observed. Brain magnetic resonance imaging of 5 animals were performed using T1, T1 enhancement and T2 scan at the 4th, 6th, and 7th weeks after injected with tumor cells. Animals (n = 5) were sacrifice

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Nakagawa, Takao, Toshihiko Kubota, Masanori Kabuto, et al. "Production of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 by human brain tumors." Journal of Neurosurgery 81, no. 1 (1994): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.81.1.0069.

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✓ The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) and their inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), in human brain tumor invasion was investigated. Gelatinolytic activity was assayed via gelatin zymography, and four MMP's (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9) and TIMP-1 were immunolocalized in human brain tumors and in normal brain tissues using monoclonal antibodies. The tissue was surgically removed from 44 patients: glioblastoma (five cases), anaplastic astrocytoma (six cases), astrocytoma (four cases), metastatic tumor (six cases), neurinoma (10 cases), meningioma (10 cases)

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Sahana, M. P., and K. Bhavani. "Detection of Brain Tumor by K-Means, Threshold Technique and Bounding Box Method." Journal of Image Processing and Artificial Intelligence 6, no. 1 (2020): 7–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3672796.

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<strong>Brain is the important part of the human body. In this generation Brain tumor has become a common disease because of the usage of harmful radiations. Every disease has its own symptoms so even brain tumor has some symptoms which can be cured if treated in the early stages. There are many symptoms where we can get to know the way brain reacts. Here, in the paper we mainly focus on K- means, threshold techniques and bounding box method. There are many other symptoms also, but here we will focus on these three only. These three techniques play an important role in detection of brain tumor

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Srivastava, Smriti. "Brain Tumor Prediction Using Neural Network." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (2021): 1513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36616.

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Brain Tumor is a disease in which there is an abnormal growth of mass that occurs inside human brain that can led to death also. The detection of brain tumor takes places through MRI scan images. For doctors sometimes it becomes difficult to differentiate between tumour cells and nerve cells. Even sometimes what happens is that unstructured shape of tumours led it make difficult for doctors to identify tumours in brain. Artificial intelligence is one of the most trending technologies now a day through which machines gets the power to think and take decisions on its own. This paper uses the pow

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Kleist, Sierra A., Shawn C. Musial, Jordan F. Isaacs, Hanna N. Degefu, Alexander G. Skorput, and Pamela C. Rosato. "Investigating the source of viral-specific memory T cells in glioblastoma." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (2023): 171.03. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.171.03.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor that is invariably fatal. Immunotherapies have largely failed and a better understanding of the unique brain tumor immune environment is needed. Being historically thought of as immune-privileged, immune cell populations within the brain and brain tumors have been understudied. One such population is resident memory T cells (T RM). In healthy and malignant peripheral tissues, T RMcan provide long-term protection against reinfections or cancers, however the role of T RMin the context of the brain and brain tumors is not fully unde

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Shamsan, Ghaidan, Chao Liu, Brooke Braman, et al. "TAMI-28. DIFFERENTIAL MIGRATION MECHANICS AND IMMUNE RESPONSES OF GLIOMA SUBTYPES." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.916.

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Abstract In Glioblastoma (GBM), tumor spreading is driven by tumor cells’ ability to infiltrate healthy brain parenchyma, which prevents complete surgical resection and contributes to tumor recurrence. GBM molecular subtypes, classical, proneural and mesenchymal, were shown to strongly correlate with specific genetic alterations (Mesenchymal: NF1; Classical: EGFRVIII; Proneural: PDGFRA). Here we tested the hypothesis that a key mechanistic difference between GBM molecular subtypes is that proneural cells are slow migrating and mesenchymal cells are fast migrating. Using Sleeping Beauty transpo

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Silbergeld, Daniel L., and Michael R. Chicoine. "Isolation and characterization of human malignant glioma cells from histologically normal brain." Journal of Neurosurgery 86, no. 3 (1997): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.86.3.0525.

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✓ Brain invasion prevents complete surgical extirpation of malignant gliomas; however, invasive cells from distant, histologically normal brain previously have not been isolated, cultured, and characterized. To evaluate invasive human malignant glioma cells, the authors established cultures from gross tumor and histologically normal brain. Three men and one woman, with a mean age of 67 years, underwent two frontal and two temporal lobectomies for tumors, which yielded specimens of both gross tumor and histologically normal brain. Each specimen was acquired a minimum of 4 cm from the gross tumo

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Sawaya, Raymond, Mario Zuccarello, and Robert Highsmith. "Alpha-1-antitrypsin in human brain tumors." Journal of Neurosurgery 67, no. 2 (1987): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1987.67.2.0258.

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✓ This study was undertaken to confirm the presence of alpha-1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) in human brain tumors and to attempt to elucidate its significance. Seventy-seven consecutive unselected patients with various brain tumors were entered in this study. The α1-AT and α2-macroglobulin contents of the tumor extracts were qualitatively assessed by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion techniques. Plasminogen activator (PA) activity was assayed electrophoretically on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. The patients were divided into two groups according to the positivity of their tumors to α1-AT. Sixty-eight percent

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Zamay, S. S., A. A. Narodov, R. G. Galeev, et al. ""Smart" nanoscalpel for microsurgery of glial tumors of the human brain." Siberian Medical Review, no. 5 (2022): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/25000136-2022-5-109-110.

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We studied the effectiveness of magnetomechanical therapy in the treatment of brain glial tumors using magnetic nanodiscs functionalized with DNA aptamers to human brain tumor glial cells. • Materials and methods. The formation of a model of human glioblastoma was carried out by intracranial injection of tumor cells of glioblastoma obtained from a patient with glioblastoma. Antitumor therapy was carried out using nanodiscs modified with the Gli233 aptamer. The growth of the glial tumor was monitored using NMR tomography. • Results and discussion. Therapy of a glial tumor during 4 sessions of m

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Ram, Zvi, Stuart Walbridge, John D. Heiss, Kenneth W. Culver, R. Michael Blaese, and Edward H. Oldfield. "In vivo transfer of the human interleukin-2 gene: negative tumoricidal results in experimental brain tumors." Journal of Neurosurgery 80, no. 3 (1994): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.3.0535.

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✓ The authors have recently shown the feasibility of eradicating brain tumors using in vivo retroviral-mediated transduction of tumors with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HStk) gene and ganciclovir therapy. However, thymidine kinase-transduced subcutaneous tumors in immunocompromised (athymic) mice were less responsive to this therapy than in immunocompetent animals, suggesting a role of the immune system in the process of tumor eradication. Broad suppression of humoral and cell-mediated immunity is found in patients with malignant gliomas. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and IL-2 recept

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Zarco, Natanael, Emily Norton, Montserrat Lara-Velazquez, Anna Carrano, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, and Hugo Guerrero-Cazares. "TMIC-56. ROLE OF HUMAN BRAIN TUMOR STEM CELLS-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES ON THE PHENOTYPIC TRANSDIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN NEURAL PROGENITOR CELLS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1090.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive of all the brain tumors with a median patient survival less than 15 months. Despite of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, recurrence rate is almost 100%. A great percentage of GBM tumors (~60%) infiltrate and contact the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ). Interestingly, these tumors are the most aggressive, and invariably lead to higher distal recurrence rates, shorter time to tumor progression, and lower overall survival of the patient. The reason for this role of V-SVZ-proximity on the outcome of GBM patients is unknow

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Antonica, Francesco, Lucia Santomaso, Davide Pernici, et al. "MODL-22. Establishment of a novel system to specifically trace and ablate quiescent/slow cycling cells in high-grade glioma." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.645.

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Abstract Pediatric and adult high-grade gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors, with poor prognosis due to recurrence and tumor infiltration after surgical removal and chemotherapy. Quiescent/slow cycling stem cells have been proposed to be one of the main players of tumor relapse but their involvement in in the infiltration remain unclear. Despite they have been described in mouse models or after transcriptional profiling of human tumor samples, their direct visualization, targeting and ablation remains a challenge. Here, we identified a population of malignant cells expressing Pr

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Mercer-Smith, Alison, Wulin Jiang, Juli Bago, Simon Khagi, Carey Anders, and Shawn Hingtgen. "THER-15. DEVELOPING TUMOR-HOMING CYTOTOXIC HUMAN INDUCED NEURAL STEM CELL THERAPY FOR BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology Advances 1, Supplement_1 (2019): i13—i14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz014.058.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer are the most common cancers that metastasize to the brain. New therapies are needed to seek out and eradicate metastases. Genetically engineered neural stem cells (NSCs) have shown unique tumor-homing capacity, allowing them to deliver cytotoxic proteins directly to tumors. An ideal NSC drug carrier would be readily available and autologous. We have transdifferentiated human fibroblasts into induced NSCs (hiNSCs) that home to tumors and engineered the hiNSCs to release the cytotoxic protein TRAIL. Here we used intracer

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Sarma, K. B. S. D., Miranji Katta, and O. Ranjit Kumar. "A Local Linear Wavelet Artificial Neural Network-based Automated Tumor Detection System with Hybrid Optimization." International Journal of Scientific Methods in Intelligence Engineering Networks 01, no. 02 (2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.58599/ijsmien.2023.1202.

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The Human Brain, which contains billions of neurons and regulates the Central Nervous System, is the most intricate and convoluted organ. The Human Brain contains neuron and non-neuron cells, aberrant and uncontrolled proliferation of these cells implies tumours. To get images of the human brain for the radiologist’s study and classification of the tumour that is present, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used. The detection of the Tumors in brain by the radiologist with MR Imaging is careful and time consuming process. For the purpose of performing tumour removal operations, an Artificial N

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Engebraaten, Olav, Geir Olav Hjortland, Henry Hirschberg, and Øystein Fodstad. "Growth of precultured human glioma biopsy specimens in nude rat brain." Journal of Neurosurgery 90, no. 1 (1999): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.90.1.0125.

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Object. The aim of this study was to develop an improved animal model for brain tumor study. The need for better and more relevant brain tumor models is generally acknowledged. Glioma tissue can be cultured directly from the biopsy specimen as tumor spheroids. Using such precultured tissue, a new in vivo model for studying human gliomas was established.Methods. Precultured small tumor spheroids (< 300 µm) prepared from cell lines or tumor biopsy fragments were injected into the brains of immunodeficient rats by using a 5-µl Hamilton syringe that had a piston in the needle. Tumors could be e

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Mercer-Smith, Alison, Wulin Jiang, Alain Valdivia, Juli Bago, Scott Floyd, and Shawn Hingtgen. "48. DEVELOPING TUMOR-HOMING CYTOTOXIC HUMAN INDUCED NEURAL STEM CELLS AS AN ADJUVANT TREATMENT FOR RADIATION THERAPY OF BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology Advances 2, Supplement_2 (2020): ii9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdaa073.036.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common primary cancer to metastasize to the brain. Radiation is first-line for multifocal brain metastases, but recurrence is observed in 40% of patients. An adjuvant treatment to radiation is needed to effectively treat post-radiation tumor. Genetically engineered neural stem cells (NSCs) have the unique ability to seek out tumors and deliver therapeutic payloads that significantly reduce tumor burden. Here we have transdifferentiated human fibroblasts into induced neural stem cells (hiNSC) and explored the efficacy of hiNSC

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Jiang, Wulin, Alison Mercer-Smith, Juli Bago, Simon Khagi, Carey Anders, and Shawn Hingtgen. "SCIDOT-22. INTRACEREBROVENTRICULAR DELIVERY OF TUMOR-HOMING CYTOTOXIC HUMAN INDUCED NEURAL STEM CELLS FOR TREATMENT OF BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1158.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer are the most common cancers that metastasize to the brain. New therapies are needed to target and eradicate metastases. We have developed genetically-engineered induced neural stem cells (hiNSCs) derived from human fibroblasts that selectively home to tumors and release the cytotoxic protein TRAIL. Building on these results, we explored the efficacy of hiNSC therapy delivered via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections for the treatment of metastatic foci in the brain for the first time. METHODS We performed in vitro e

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Wakhloo, Debia, Anushka Dikshit, Ge-Ah Kim, et al. "Investigating neuroinflammation in the human brain tumor microenvironment using the new RNAscopeTM Multiomic assay." Journal of Immunology 212, no. 1_Supplement (2024): 0859_7639. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.212.supp.0859.7639.

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Abstract Glioblastomas are one of the most aggressive forms of brain tumors characterized by distinct genetic and molecular signatures. Compared to other solid tumors, role of immune cells in progression, invasion and prognosis is not well studies for CNS tumors. Here, we demonstrate a novel RNAscope Multiomic Assay that enables detection of multiple RNA and protein markers simultaneously. With this novel TSA amplification-based co-detection assay we visualized a few combinations of 3 RNA and 3 protein marker panels on human FFPE normal brain and brain tumor tissues. Antibodies targeting key i

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Berg, Tracy, Carolina Marques, Vasiliki Pantazopoulou, et al. "TAMI-05. THE IRRADIATED BRAIN MICROENVIRONMENT SUPPORTS GLIOMA STEMNESS AND SURVIVAL VIA ASTROCYTE-DERIVED TRANSGLUTAMINASE 2." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii213—ii214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.894.

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Abstract The highest-grade gliomas invariably recur as incurable tumors following standard of care comprising surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The majority of the recurrent tumors form within the area of the brain receiving high-dose irradiation during treatment of the primary tumor, indicating that the recurrent tumor forms in an irradiated microenvironment. The tumor microenvironment has been demonstrated to influence the therapeutic response and stemness characteristics of tumor cells, but the influence of radiation on the microenvironment and its subsequent consequences for tumor c

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Bubien, James K., Deborah A. Keeton, Catherine M. Fuller, et al. "Malignant human gliomas express an amiloride-sensitive Na+ conductance." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 276, no. 6 (1999): C1405—C1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1999.276.6.c1405.

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Human astrocytoma cells were studied using whole cell patch-clamp recording. An inward, amiloride-sensitive Na+ current was identified in four continuous cell lines originally derived from human glioblastoma cells (CH235, CRT, SKMG-1, and U251-MG) and in three primary cultures of cells obtained from glioblastoma multiforme tumors (up to 4 passages). In addition, cells freshly isolated from a resected medulloblastoma tumor displayed this same characteristic inward current. In contrast, amiloride-sensitive currents were not observed in normal human astrocytes, low-grade astrocytomas, or juvenile

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Charalambous, Christiana, Florence M. Hofman, and Thomas C. Chen. "Functional and phenotypic differences between glioblastoma multiforme—derived and normal human brain endothelial cells." Journal of Neurosurgery 102, no. 4 (2005): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2005.102.4.0699.

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Object. Glioblastomas multiforme (GBMs) are hypervascular tumors characterized by endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. There is increasing evidence that ECs that infiltrate systemic tumors are different from normal blood vessel cells; whether this difference is seen in the central nervous system between GBM and normal brain tissue is not known. The goal of this investigation was to characterize and compare the functional and phenotypic properties of GBM-associated ECs and normal brain ECs. Methods. Human ECs were isolated from fresh tissue specimens, purified using flow cytometry, and characte

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Brem, Steven, Ana Maria C. Tsanaclis, and David Zagzag. "Anticopper Treatment Inhibits Pseudopodial Protrusion and the Invasive Spread of 9L Gliosarcoma Cells in the Rat Brain." Neurosurgery 26, no. 3 (1990): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199003000-00003.

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Abstract The copper ion, a cofactor of angiogenesis, is sequestered in human brain tumors and the adjacent brain. The invasive spread of neoplastic cells has been linked to angiogenesis and involves similar mechanisms of migration and tumormatrix interaction. In this report, copper depletion inhibited the infiltrative spread of the normally invasive 9L gliosarcoma. Twenty male Fischer 344 rats were each injected with 1 x 1059L cells; 10 rats were treated with a lowcopper diet and penicillamine. In the normocupremic control rats, a “diffuse” invasive pattern was observed in all 10 animals. In t

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Khamis, Zahraa I., Drishty B. Sarker, Yu Xue, et al. "Modeling Human Brain Tumors and the Microenvironment Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells." Cancers 15, no. 4 (2023): 1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15041253.

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Brain cancer is a group of diverse and rapidly growing malignancies that originate in the central nervous system (CNS) and have a poor prognosis. The complexity of brain structure and function makes brain cancer modeling extremely difficult, limiting pathological studies and therapeutic developments. Advancements in human pluripotent stem cell technology have opened a window of opportunity for brain cancer modeling, providing a wealth of customizable methods to simulate the disease in vitro. This is achieved with the advent of genome editing and genetic engineering technologies that can simula

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Krafft, Christoph, Stephan B. Sobottka, Gabriele Schackert, and Reiner Salzer. "Analysis of human brain tissue, brain tumors and tumor cells by infrared spectroscopic mapping." Analyst 129, no. 10 (2004): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b408934k.

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de Ridder, Leo, and Luc Calliauw. "Invasion of human brain tumors in vitro: relationship to clinical evolution." Journal of Neurosurgery 72, no. 4 (1990): 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.4.0589.

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✓ Embryonic chick heart fragments were confronted in vitro with cells from 26 freshly resected human brain tumors. The tumor-derived cells were scored according to their survival and invasiveness. Four different responses were observed: disintegration of the tumor-derived cells (Type I); survival of cells without progressive engulfing or invasion of the heart fragment (Type II); initial encircling of the heart fragment followed by invasion (Type III); and massive invasion on initial contact (Type IV). Pattern Type III or IV was seen in 11 of 14 preparations derived from malignant tumors, and p

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Mr.B.Vinod and Chandra Bose Dr.M.Subas. "Convolution Neural Network Based Brain Tumour Detection Using Efficient Classification Technique – A Robotics Approach." Journal of Mechanical Robotics 4, no. 1 (2018): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2526974.

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<em>Medical image processing has become an important and essential element in the fields of biomedical and biological research such as tumor recognition and detection process is automatically determining the volume of a heart chamber and screening the brain scans for probable damages and diseases. Various techniques and methods for automatic detection and recognition of brain tumor which involved many steps viz. image acquisition through scan, segmentation of images, classification of images using neural network, optimization of developed images and identification of exact tumor category. </em

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Sarnow, Katharina, Emma Majercak, Ishraq Haque, and Xin Tang. "MODL-24. NEUROIMMUNE-COMPETENT HUMAN BRAIN ORGANOID MODEL FOR STUDYING BRAIN TUMOR INVASION." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (2023): v303—v304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.1175.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a highly aggressive pediatric brain tumor with a very poor prognosis (&lt; 12 months survival). There is currently no effective treatment for DIPG. Complete surgical resection of DIPG is difficult due to its skull base location and infiltrative growth pattern. Gaining insights into the invasion process of the DIPG cells and their interaction with brain cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as microglia - the brain's primary immune cells, may guide the development of effective treatment strategies to halt or even reverse d

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Riedel, Nicole, Flavia W. De Faria, Carolin Walter, Jan M. Bruder, and Kornelius Kerl. "MODL-10. Tumor-brain-organoids as a model for pediatric brain tumors research." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.633.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Embryonal brain neoplasms like atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) or embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) still have a very poor outcome despite intensive treatment including chemotherapy, irradiation and surgery. To date, precision oncology has identified clinically relevant innovative therapeutic targets only for a minor subpopulation of pediatric brain tumor patients, which may be due to current in vitro screens not recapitulating the cellular heterogeneity and cellular interactions in vivo. As cellular heterogeneity and cellular interactions majorly i

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Singh, Olivia, Mira Li, Hafsah Ali, et al. "MODL-32. EGFRVIII OVEREXPRESSION AND LOSS OF MOUSE SPECIFIC CDKN2A IN GLIAL CELLS LEADS TO GLIOMAGENESIS IN A NOVEL MOUSE MODEL." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (2023): v305—v306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.1183.

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Abstract A new mouse model for the classical subtype of human glioblastoma has been generated using Cre-mediated EGFRvIII overexpression and homozygous p19-ARF deletion (the mouse homolog of human p14-ARF/CDKN2A) in GFAP expressing cells. Transgenic mice develop intraparchenymal and/or leptomeningeal brain lesions with some spinal cord invasion as early as 1 month old and 95% of mice die by 6 months due to hydrocephalus and/or paralysis. Mice with high grade tumors have worse survival and similar features to human classical glioblastoma such as necrosis, high levels of mitosis, and infiltratio

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Wang, Peng, Yunsong Wu, Wenwen Chen, Min Zhang, and Jianhua Qin. "Malignant Melanoma-Derived Exosomes Induce Endothelial Damage and Glial Activation on a Human BBB Chip Model." Biosensors 12, no. 2 (2022): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12020089.

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Malignant melanoma is a type of highly aggressive tumor, which has a strong ability to metastasize to brain, and 60–70% of patients die from the spread of the tumor into the central nervous system. Exosomes are a type of nano-sized vesicle secreted by most living cells, and accumulated studies have reported that they play crucial roles in brain tumor metastasis, such as breast cancer and lung cancer. However, it is unclear whether exosomes also participate in the brain metastasis of malignant melanoma. Here, we established a human blood–brain barrier (BBB) model by co-culturing human brain mic

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Nygaard, Svein J. T., Hans K. R. Haugland, Ole Didrik Laerum, Morten Lund-Johansen, Rolf Bjerkvig, and Ole-Björn Tysnes. "Dynamic determination of human glioma invasion in vitro." Journal of Neurosurgery 89, no. 3 (1998): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.89.3.0441.

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Object. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether there is any relationship between survival of patients with brain tumor and tumor proliferation or tumor invasion in vitro. Methods. Samples of freshly resected brain tumors from 14 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were directly grown as three-dimensional multicellular spheroids. The tumor spheroids were cocultured with fetal rat brain cell aggregates (BCAs), used to represent an organotypical normal brain tissue model. Before the coculture, the tumor spheroids and the BCAs were stained with two different carbocyanine dyes, 1,1′

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Pavlova, G. V., V. A. Kolesnikova, D. Yu Usachev, and A. M. Kopylov. "Differentiation therapy as a new multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of human brain glioma." Genes & Cells 18, no. 4 (2023): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/gc623249.

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Glioblastoma is among the most severe forms of neoplastic disease in the human body, with a highly unfavorable prognosis. The annual incidence of this pathology in the population is 3.5 cases per 100,000. Currently, there are no truly effective treatments for this malignant variety of brain tumor. All known treatment methods, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, provide only a modest extension of the patient‘s lifespan. The heterogeneous structure of glioblastoma, characterized by abnormal regulation of cell proliferation, enables the tumor to withstand diverse therapeutic i

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Wrobel, Charles J., Donald C. Wright, Robert L. Dedrick, and Richard J. Youle. "Diphtheria toxin effects on brain-tumor xenografts." Journal of Neurosurgery 72, no. 6 (1990): 946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.6.0946.

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✓ A model was developed to determine whether protein-based chemotherapeutic agents can cross the blood-brain barrier and successfully treat brain tumors. The human small-cell lung carcinoma N417D was grown as a solid tumor in the nude rat brain, and diphtheria toxin (DT) was administered intravenously as therapy. Because rat cells lack functional DT receptors and are 1000 to 10,000 times less sensitive to DT than human cells, a therapeutic window exists between the implanted human tumor and the nude rat host. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of DT were defined. Within 6

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Griesinger, Andrea, Julie Lang, Andrew Donson, et al. "MODL-26. Development of humanized immune system, posterior fossa A ependymoma patient-derived xenograft model." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i174—i175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.649.

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Abstract Cellular interactions between tumor and immune cells are critical in ependymoma biology. We have shown distinct immunobiology phenotypes by ependymoma molecular subgroups, with PFA2 developing an anti-tumor immune phenotype and in contrast PFA1 tumor immune cells being pro-tumor. We recently established two fully characterized pediatric PFA1 intracranial xenograft models in NSG mice. These models, while critical for advancing PFA studies, lack the ability to make lymphocytes. To address this we have established a humanized orthotopic model of PFA1 ependymoma that are grafted to produc

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Tang-Schomer, Min D., Markus J. Bookland, Jack E. Sargent, and Taylor N. Jackvony. "Human Patient-Derived Brain Tumor Models to Recapitulate Ependymoma Tumor Vasculature." Bioengineering 10, no. 7 (2023): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10070840.

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Despite in vivo malignancy, ependymoma lacks cell culture models, thus limiting therapy development. Here, we used a tunable three-dimensional (3D) culture system to approximate the ependymoma microenvironment for recapitulating a patient’s tumor in vitro. Our data showed that the inclusion of VEGF in serum-free, mixed neural and endothelial cell culture media supported the in vitro growth of all four ependymoma patient samples. The growth was driven by Nestin and Ki67 double-positive cells in a putative cancer stem cell niche, which was manifested as rosette-looking clusters in 2D and spheroi

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Sanai, Nader, Jennifer Eschbacher, Guido Hattendorf, et al. "Intraoperative Confocal Microscopy for Brain Tumors: A Feasibility Analysis in Humans." Operative Neurosurgery 68, suppl_2 (2011): ons282—ons290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e318212464e.

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Abstract Background: The ability to diagnose brain tumors intraoperatively and identify tumor margins during resection could maximize resection and minimize morbidity. Advances in optical imaging enabled production of a handheld intraoperative confocal microscope. Objective: To present a feasibility analysis of the intraoperative confocal microscope for brain tumor resection. Methods: Thirty-three patients with brain tumor treated at Barrow Neurological Institute were examined. All patients received an intravenous bolus of sodium fluorescein before confocal imaging with the Optiscan FIVE 1 sys

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Flüh, C., C. Nanvuma, Y. Huang, et al. "P16.05 Implementation of a novel ex-vivo brain slice model to study human glioblastoma and glioma-associated microglia." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_2 (2021): ii56—ii57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab180.197.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly malignant brain tumor with a devastating prognosis. Resection followed by radio-chemotherapy leads to an overall survival of only 15 months. Up to 40% of the tumor mass consist of tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs). These cells were shown to promote tumor growth and invasiveness in many murine glioma models. The interaction between TAMs and tumor cells is crucial for tumor progression and includes several known pathways. Still, murine glioma models only partially mirror the human tumor microenvironment. Several known genes,

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Gupta, Pravesh, Dapeng Hao, Krishna Bojja Bojja, et al. "833 The epigenomic landscape of human glioma-associated myeloid cells." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (2020): A885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0833.

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BackgroundGliomas are recalcitrant tumors of the central nervous system. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in gliomas is considered immunosuppressive and making it difficult to treat these tumors with conventional immunotherapy approaches, therefore a better characterization of the immune cell repertoire is needed to fully understand the tumor immune contexture. While single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) approaches have revealed the transcriptional heterogeneity, the gene regulatory landscape at the chromatin level is quintessential for a deeper understanding of lineage and signal-dep

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Van Houdt, Winan J., Yosef S. Haviv, Baogen Lu, et al. "The human survivin promoter: a novel transcriptional targeting strategy for treatment of glioma." Journal of Neurosurgery 104, no. 4 (2006): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2006.104.4.583.

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Object Malignant brain tumors have been proved to be resistant to standard treatments and therefore require new therapeutic strategies. Survivin, a recently described member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is overexpressed in several human brain tumors, primarily gliomas, but is downregulated in normal tissues. The authors hypothesized that the expression of tumor-specific survivin could be exploited for treatment of gliomas by targeting the tumors with gene therapy vectors. Methods Following confirmation of survivin expression in glioma cell lines, an adenoviral vector containin

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Tagaeva, R. B., D. E. Bobkov, A. S. Nechaeva, et al. "Membrane-bound heat shock protein mHsp70 as a marker for malignant brain tumors." Russian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov 15, no. 2 (2023): 98–101. https://doi.org/10.56618/2071-2693_2023_15_2_98.

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Summary. The membrane-bound heat shock protein mHsp70 is selectively expressed on the surface of tumor cells, but not on normal cells; it makes mHsp70 a promising target for theranostics of malignant tumors. Objective: in vivo visualization of mHsp70-positive cells in malignant human brain tumors. Materials and methods: intraoperative sampling of histological material was carried out from 7 patients with malignant tumors and from 3 patients with epilepsy. Localization of Hsp70 was determined using live confocal microscopy. To identify intergroup differences in the intensity of green pixels (Hs

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Miller, Tyler, Chadi El Farran, Julia Verga, et al. "IMMU-14. REVEALING THE MANY MYELOID STATES IN HUMAN BRAIN TUMORS AND WAYS TO PERTURB THEM." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_6 (2021): vi94—vi95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab196.373.

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Abstract Recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy have revolutionized treatment for many types of cancer, but unfortunately trials of these therapies have failed to provide meaningful life-prolonging benefit for brain tumor patients, potentially due to abundant immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the tumor. Our ultimate goal is to reprogram immunosuppressive tumor associated myeloid cells to an antitumor state to enable effective immunotherapy. Towards this goal, we have deeply characterized the immune microenvironment of more than 50 primary high and low grade gliomas using high-throughput single

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Xu, Li, Qi Gao, and Nasser Yousefi. "Brain tumor diagnosis based on discrete wavelet transform, gray-level co-occurrence matrix, and optimal deep belief network." SIMULATION 96, no. 11 (2020): 867–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549720948595.

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Brain tumors are a group of cancers that originate from different cells of the central nervous system or cancers of other tissues in the brain. Excessive cell growth in the brain is called a tumor. Tumor cells need food and blood to survive. Growth and proliferation of tumor cells in the cranial space, cause strain inside the brain and thus disrupt vital human structures. Therefore, diagnosis in the early stages of brain tumors is crucial. This study introduces a new optimized method for early diagnosis of the brain tumor. The method has five main parts of noise reduction, tumor segmentation,

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