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Journal articles on the topic 'Hydro-elastic analysis'

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Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Jin, Chungkuk, and Moo-Hyun Kim. "Time-Domain Hydro-Elastic Analysis of a SFT (Submerged Floating Tunnel) with Mooring Lines under Extreme Wave and Seismic Excitations." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (2018): 2386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122386.

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Global dynamic analysis of a 700-m-long SFT section considered in the South Sea of Korea is carried out for survival random wave and seismic excitations. To solve the tunnel-mooring coupled hydro-elastic responses, in-house time-domain-simulation computer program is developed. The hydro-elastic equation of motion for the tunnel and mooring is based on rod-theory-based finite element formulation with Galerkin method with fully coupled full matrix. The dummy-connection-mass method is devised to conveniently connect objects and mooring lines with linear and rotational springs. Hydrodynamic forces on a submerged floating tunnel (SFT) are evaluated by the modified Morison equation for a moving object so that the hydrodynamic forces by wave or seismic excitations can be computed at its instantaneous positions at every time step. In the case of seabed earthquake, both the dynamic effect transferred through mooring lines and the seawater-fluctuation-induced seaquake effect are considered. For validation purposes, the hydro-elastic analysis results by the developed numerical simulation code is compared with those by a commercial program, OrcaFlex, which shows excellent agreement between them. For the given design condition, extreme storm waves cause higher hydro-elastic responses and mooring tensions than those of the severe seismic case.

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Meng, Fanzhong, Alan W. H. Lio, and Riccardo Riva. "Reduced-order modelling of floating offshore wind turbine: Aero-hydro-elastic stability analysis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2767, no. 6 (2024): 062012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/6/062012.

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Abstract A reduced-order aero-hydro-elastic analysis tool for performing the stability analysis on floating offshore wind turbines is presented. In this work, a high-order non-linear aero-elastic model initially developed for onshore wind turbines is extended by utilizing a super-element body, which models the floating platform, the mooring system and the hydrodynamic contributions. The turbine structure is modelled by a Finite beam Element Method, and the aerodynamic loads are modelled by the Blade Element Momentum method coupled with a Beddoes-Leishman type dynamic stall model in a state-space formulation. The linearization is performed around steady state equilibrium at any given mean wind speeds, rotor speeds and collective blade pitch angles utilizing Coleman transformation to remove the periodic terms. The order reduction is based on two projections to reduce the number of structural states and aerodynamic states separately using the structural modal project matrix and the aerodynamic shape functions. Concurrently, we investigate the effect of unsteady aerodynamic states on the stability analysis of a floating wind turbine. The results show the low-order aero-hydro-elastic model expands the scope of numerical tools available for conducting structural modal analysis and aero-hydro-elastic stability analysis on floating wind turbines.

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Qian, Zhipeng, Nan Ji, Guang Yang, and Linzhao Shu. "Fluid-structure interaction Simulation for Hydro-elastic Performance of marine Propeller at Full-Scale." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2029, no. 1 (2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2029/1/012041.

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Abstract In this study, CFD-FEM bi-directional fluid structure interaction (FSI) methodology using STAR-CCM+ is adapted for the hydro-elastic interaction simulation of the propeller at full-scale. To validate the FSI simulation reliabilities, the open-water curve of the rigid and NAB propellers VP1304 at model scale are computed. Then, the propeller KP505 is employed for the open-water test to study scale effect and hydro-elastic performance. The change of thrust coefficient, torque coefficient, efficiency, stress distribution, deformation are presented. From the results, the hydrodynamic difference due to scale effect and hydro-elastic performance are observed. Analysis of structural response of NAB propeller shows that scale effect plays a role.

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Zhang, Jianghong, Kan Chen, Yijin Ma, et al. "Analysis of the O-rings that influence the performance of RCP hydrostatic seal based on TEH coupling method." MATEC Web of Conferences 363 (2022): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236301019.

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A Multi-body contacting Thermal-Elastic-Hydro Model, MTEHM has been established in this study. And which has been applied to analysis the leakage behavior of No.1 seal of the RCP hydrostatic seal. The hydro-model is based on 2D Reynolds equation and programmed by M-code. An interface program written in C has been carried out. And which is used to transit the end face pressure value from hydro-model to elastic-solid model. The FEA multi-body contacting method has been taken into the elastic-solid model. And which is used to obtain the deformation angle of seal rings. An opening force ratio has been carried out as a convergent judgment of the multi-physics iterative coupling process. The influence of position of O-rings (on the back of seal rings and relative to the hydrostatic clamp rings) has been discussed. For test and verify the MTEHM, a testing rig has been established. It can be used to simulate a high temperature high pressure seal media with a temperature range from 22°C to 100°C and a pressure range from 0.1MPa to 22MPa. At last, a comparison of pressure-leakage data from Westinghouse, Saint Alban power plant and this study has been presented. And a variance analysis has been attached.

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Manolas, Dimitris I., Vasilis A. Riziotis, George P. Papadakis, and Spyros G. Voutsinas. "Hydro-Servo-Aero-Elastic Analysis of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines." Fluids 5, no. 4 (2020): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5040200.

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A fully coupled hydro-servo-aero-elastic simulator for the analysis of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) is presented. All physical aspects are addressed, and the corresponding equations are concurrently solved within the same computational framework, taking into account the wind and wave excitations, the aerodynamic response of the rotor, the hydrodynamic response of the floater, the structural dynamics of the turbine-floater-mooring lines assembly and finally the control system of the wind turbine. The components of the complex multi-physics system of a FOWT interact with each other in an implicitly coupled manner leading to a holistic type of modeling. Different modeling options, of varying fidelity and computational cost, are made available with respect to rotor aerodynamics, hydrodynamic loading of the floater and mooring system dynamics that allow for timely routine certification simulations, but also for computationally intense simulations of less conventional operating states. Structural dynamics is based on nonlinear multibody analysis that allows reproducing the large rigid body motions undergone by the FOWT, as well as large deflections and rotations of the highly flexible blades. The paper includes the description of the main physical models, of the interaction and solution strategy and representative results. Verification is carried out by comparing with other state-of-art tools that participated in the Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration Continuation (OC4) IEA Annex, while the advanced simulation capabilities are demonstrated in the case of half-wake interaction of floating wind turbines by employing the free-wake aerodynamic method.

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Blasques, José Pedro, Christian Berggreen, and Poul Andersen. "Hydro-elastic analysis and optimization of a composite marine propeller." Marine Structures 23, no. 1 (2010): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2009.10.002.

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Min, Cheon-Hong, Han-Il Park, Bin Teng, and Byung-Mo Kim. "An experimental study on the hydro-elastic analysis of a circular cylindrical shell." International Journal of Ocean System Engineering 1, no. 1 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5574/ijose.2011.1.1.001.

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Maljaars, Pieter, Mirek Kaminski, and Henk den Besten. "Boundary Element Modelling Aspects for the Hydro-Elastic Analysis of Flexible Marine Propellers." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 6, no. 2 (2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse6020067.

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Cardoso de Brito, Miguel, Leigh Stuart Sutherland, José Manuel C. Pereira, and Mário Rui Arruda. "Fluid-Structure Interaction Analyses for Hydro-Elastic Tailoring of a Windsurfer Fin." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (2022): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101371.

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A fully iterative ‘two-way’ fluid-structure interaction (FSI) tool of a commercially available composite windsurfer fin was developed, which was then used to investigate the normally hidden fin behaviour for a range of typical sailing conditions. The ‘two-way’ FSI analysis gave significantly better insights into the fin behaviour than the simpler ‘one-way’ non-iterative analysis. The tool also indicated that hydro-elastic tailoring, via simple reinforcement ply rotations, can produce large changes in tip twist. This gives an opportunity for both improved passive control and higher speeds, without deviating from a hydrodynamically optimal plan form. Inexpensive cantilever tests appear to be sufficient to make qualitative comparisons between the sailing responses of fins with different layups.

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Gophane, Ishwar, Narayan Dharashivkar, Pramod Mulik, and Prashant Patil. "Theoretical and Finite Element Analysis of Pressure Vessel." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 12 (2024): 1148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i12.3272.

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Objectives: This study tests the vessel strength and performance of pressure vessel under Internal pressure, Nozzle loads, and Hydro-test using Ansys APDL, validating design alignment with ASME Section VIII following the Design by rule (Analytical) and Design by Analysis (FEA) accurate elastic analysis approach. Methods: This study employs ASME methods to validate vessel integrity under various loads. Strength is confirmed through analytical formulas and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS APDL, aligned with widely used ASME BPVC codes in the oil and gas industry. The FE model, utilizing hex elements, ensures result accuracy with a minimum of three elements across thickness. Boundary conditions are validated by comparing hoop stress in FEA with analytically calculated values. ASME's computationally efficient elastic analysis, employing a linear approach, includes stress linearization at discontinuity and non-discontinuity locations, verifying vessel design through analysis. Findings: Initial thicknesses for the shell and cone exceeded analytically calculated minimums, affirming vessel structural integrity through ASME's design by rule approach. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) stress analysis at critical points, such as nozzle junctions and other discontinuity areas, validates accuracy through hoop stress checks. Analysis of design and test load cases reveals stress categories well within ASME Sec VIII limits, confirming the vessel's safety and compliance with elastic stress analysis standards. Novelty: This method emerges as a reliable tool for vessel design, ensuring safety and ASME compliance, particularly beneficial for industries like oil and gas. It provides precise guidelines utilizing hex mesh, validates boundary conditions through hoop stress comparison, and comprehensively assesses stress in critical and non-critical zones through elastic stress analysis. Addressing common challenges identified in the literature review, this approach enhances the accuracy and reliability of pressure vessel designs in compliance with ASME standards for design and test loadings. Keywords: Pressure Vessels, Process Industries, Stress, Loads, Pressure, Thermal, Design Validation, ASME, FE analysis

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V. Naumenko, Yury, Vasyl I. Gnitko, and Elena A. Strelnikova. "Liquid Induced Vibrations of Truncated Elastic Conical Shells with Elastic and Rigid Bottoms." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (2018): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.15327.

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A method of estimating natural modes and frequencies of vibrations for elastic shells of revolution conveying a liquid is proposed. The vibration modes of the liquid-filled elastic shells are presented as linear combinations of their own vibration modes without liquid. The explicit expression for fluid pressure is defined using Bernoulli’s integral and potential theory suppositions. Non-penetration, kinematic, and dynamic boundary conditions are applied at the shell walls and on a free liquid surface, respectively. The solution of the hydro-elasticity problem is found out using an effective technique based on coupled finite and boundary element methods. Computational vibration analysis of elastic truncated conical shells with different fixation conditions is accomplished. Sloshing and elastic walls frequencies and modes of liquid-filled truncated conical tanks are estimated. Both rigid and elastic bottoms of shells are considered. Some examples of numerical estimations are provided to testify the efficiency of the developed method

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Zhang, Ying, Kai He, Jianming Yang, et al. "Mechanical, Seepage, and Energy Evolution Properties of Multi-Shaped Fractured Sandstone Under Hydro-Mechanical Coupling: An Experimental Study." Minerals 15, no. 3 (2025): 215. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030215.

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Rocks with multi-shaped fractures in engineering activities like mining, underground energy storage, and hydropower construction are often exposed to environments where stress and seepage fields interact, which heightens the uncertainty of instability and failure mechanisms. This has long been a long-standing challenge in the field of rock mechanics. Current research mainly focuses on the mechanical behavior, seepage, and energy evolution characteristics of single-fractured rocks under hydro-mechanical coupling. However, studies on the effects of multi-shaped fractures (such as T-shaped fractures, Y-shaped fractures, etc.) on these characteristics under hydro-mechanical coupling are relatively scarce. This study aims to provide new insights into this field by conducting hydro-mechanical coupling tests on multi-shaped fractured sandstones (single fractures, T-shaped fractures, Y-shaped fractures) with different inclination angles. The results show that hydro-mechanical coupling significantly reduces the peak strength, damage stress, crack initiation stress, and closure stress of fractured sandstone. The permeability jump factor (ξ) demonstrates the permeability enhancement effects of different fracture shapes. The ξ values for single fractures, T-shaped fractures, and Y-shaped fractures are all less than 2, indicating that fracture shape has a relatively minor impact on permeability enhancement. Fracture inclination and shape significantly affect the energy storage capacity of the rock mass, and the release of energy exhibits a nonlinear relationship with fracture propagation. An in-depth analysis of energy evolution characteristics under the influence of fracture shape and inclination reveals the transition pattern of the dominant role of energy competition in the progressive failure process. Microstructural analysis of fractured sandstone shows that elastic energy primarily drives fracture propagation and the elastic deformation of grains, while dissipative energy promotes particle fragmentation, grain boundary sliding, and plastic deformation, leading to severe grain breakage. The study provides important theoretical support for understanding the failure mechanisms of multi-shaped fractured sandstone under hydro-mechanical coupling.

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Lee, Hyoungsuk, Min-Churl Song, Jung-Chun Suh, and Bong-Jun Chang. "Hydro-elastic analysis of marine propellers based on a BEM-FEM coupled FSI algorithm." International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering 6, no. 3 (2014): 562–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijnaoe-2013-0198.

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Yousefzadeh, Shahrouz, Ashkan Akbari, and Mohammad Najafi. "Hydro-elastic vibration analysis of functionally graded rectangular plate in contact with stationary fluid." European Journal of Computational Mechanics 27, no. 3 (2018): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17797179.2018.1499187.

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Jin, Chungkuk, Farid P. Bakti, and MooHyun Kim. "Multi-floater-mooring coupled time-domain hydro-elastic analysis in regular and irregular waves." Applied Ocean Research 101 (August 2020): 102276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102276.

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Bai, Bing, and Li Xing Zhang. "A 3-node Shaft Element for Main Shaft Vibration FE Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.141.

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To calculate the characteristics of the lateral vibration in the main shaft system of the hydro-turbine generating set, a three-node elastic shaft element was proposed. Its dynamic equation was derived and the interpolation function, translational inertia matrix, rotational inertia matrix, gyroscopic matrix and the stiffness matrix were obtained. Based on Matlab platform, a FEM program was developed for calculation and its correctness was verified through a numerical example. The study shows that, compared with the method using two-node shaft element, the results of the three-node shaft element are closer to the theoretical solution and the accuracy is higher.

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Zhang, Ge, Lanyun Li, Chenzhengzhe Yan, Zhibo Zhao, and Tingzhen Yao. "Mechanical analysis of hydro-bulging process of bimetal clad pipe." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3009, no. 1 (2025): 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3009/1/012053.

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Abstract Bimetal clad pipes manufactured by the hydro-bulging technique have the advantages such as good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. The residual contact pressure on the interface between the inner pipe (i.e., liner pipe) and the outer pipe (i.e., base pipe) is an important technical index to measure the forming quality of the clad pipe and is affected significantly by the bulging pressure. Based on the displacement compatibility condition and the plane strain hypothesis, the relationship between residual contact pressure and bulging pressure is established. In addition, the ranges of the bulging pressure when the base pipe only produces elastic deformation and when the base pipe produces tiny plastic deformation are determined. The comparisons between the analytical value and the experimental results verified that the theoretical analysis in this paper is valid.

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Boral, Susam, Trilochan Sahoo, and Yury Stepanyants. "Modulation Instability of Hydro-Elastic Waves Blown by a Wind with a Uniform Vertical Profile." Fluids 6, no. 12 (2021): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6120458.

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An interesting physical phenomenon was recently observed when a fresh-water basin is covered by a thin ice film that has properties similar to the property of a rubber membrane. Surface waves can be generated under the action of wind on the air–water interface that contains an ice film. The modulation property of hydro-elastic waves (HEWs) in deep water covered by thin ice film blown by the wind with a uniform vertical profile is studied here in terms of the airflow velocity versus wavenumber. The modulation instability of HEWs is studied through the analysis of coefficients of the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation with the help of the Lighthill criterion. The NLS equation is derived using the multiple scale method in the presence of airflow. It is demonstrated that the potentially unstable hydro-elastic waves with negative energy appear for relatively small wind speeds, whereas the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability arises when the wind speed becomes fairly strong. Estimates of parameters of modulated waves for the typical conditions are given.

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Lin, Yong Wen, Xiao Chuan You, and Zhuo Zhuang. "One Method of Fluid-Solid Coupled Interaction Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 1095–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.1095.

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In this article we presented a method of Fluid-Solid coupled simulation via FLUNET and ABAQUS in problems such as Aero/Hydro-Elasticity problems. UDF (user define function) script file in the Fluent software was utilized as the ‘Connecting File’ between FLUENT and ABAQUS for Aero-Elastic computations. Firstly, the fluid field was computed by Navier-Stokes Equation and the structure movement was directly integrated by the dynamics Equation, respectively. Then, the ‘Connecting File’ exchanged the computed data through the fluid and structure’s interface. The next analysis step continued. Analysis of the computed results showed that this coupling method designed for aero-elastic system was feasible and can be also used for other Fluid-Structure Coupling problems.

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Бородина, Марина, and Marina Borodina. "ADAPTIVE POTENTIALITIES OF HYDRO-MECHANICAL COUPLING WITH DIFFERENTIAL DRIVING GEAR." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2019, no. 8 (2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5d6cbe4266e561.67995491.

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For accident free operation of a technological machine it is necessary to protect it against dynamic loads of high intensity. High dynamic loads are often stipulated by an engineering process and during the process of work a frequency of their impact may change in a wide range. In this case the elastic clutches used in the machine driving gear are not always efficient because of resonance phenomena. The design of a hydro-mechanical coupling with a clogged differential driving gear allows controlling clutch stiffness by means of changing parameters of its hydro-system in the course of technological machine operation.  There are carried out investigations of stiffness adaptation potentialities of a hydro-mechanical coupling with a differential driving gear to a changing fre-quency of dynamic load impacts of the technological machine on the basis of a developed simulator of coupling operation dynamics taking into account stress-strain characteristics of the driving gear and processes taking place in the coupling hydro-system. The dependence of a stiffness coefficient of the coupling upon such hydro-system parameters as initial pressure in a hydro-accumulator and liquid consumption.  As a result of numerical computation of coupling dynamic characteristics in the Matlab application program package there are obtained dependencies allowing the definition of rational values of hydro-system parameters at which the amplitude of the dynamic load influencing a driving gear is minimum. There are shown the results of the investigations of the coupling under the analysis on the experimental bench developed specially which confirmed coupling functional working capacity and simulator adequacy.

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Li, Xiao Jing, Wei Shen Zhu, and Wei Min Yang. "One Method of System Analysis Based on Some Parameters in the Underground Chambers and Application." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 2517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.2517.

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Based on the underground structure scheme of Langyashan hydro-electrical project, lots of elastic-plastic numerical analysis were conducted considering modulus of deformation, layout depth of underground opening, height of main factory premises, coefficient of lateral compressive stress, as the mainly mechanical parameters that influenced the stability analysis of underground openings. The mathematical statistics method was employed to investigate the displacement variation law of key point surrounding house periphery and found the forecast model. Then the forecast model was used to analyze the sensitivity parameters. It was shown that there was a good agreement between theoretic result and monitoring result in situ.

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Liu, Lin, and Bo Wen. "Emphasizing the Creep Damage Constitutive Model of Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Rocks: A Case Study of Granite Gneiss." Applied Sciences 13, no. 19 (2023): 10967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131910967.

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The constitutive model of rock materials can describe the mechanical behavior of rocks in creep tests. Also, it is one of the important means to study the deformation and strength characteristics of rocks in complex stress environments. This paper is based on the analysis of the porosity variation characteristics of the internal structure under the coupling effect of rock hydro-mechanical properties. The concept of the hydro-mechanical properties variable is proposed, and the relationship between the coupling variable, damage and plastic deformation is established. By introducing the coupling variable, instantaneous damage variable and time-dependent damage variable into the yield surface equation, as well as the plastic potential energy equation and the stiffness matrix of the elastic–plastic creep constitutive equation, a hydro-mechanical properties creep damage coupling model was established to simulate the creep mechanical properties of rock under coupling. Based on the triaxial creep test results of granite gneiss, the model parameters are determined. By comparing the test results with numerical results, it was revealed that the model can better describe the creep mechanical properties of rocks under the coupling effect of hydromechanical properties.

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Sun, Hai Tao, and Ying Xiong. "Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Flexible Marine Propellers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.479.

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The present paper focuses on the fluid-structure interaction of flexible marine propellers. The aim is to develop a simulation method to predict the hydro-elastic performance. To compare with the experimental results, the geometry of propeller DTMB4119 is used. The solution procedure first computes the hydrodynamic pressures due to rigid-blade rotation via the BEM (Boundary Element Methods, BEM). The hydrodynamic pressures are then applied as external normal surface traction for the FEM (Finite Element Methods, FEM) solid model to obtain the deformed geometry. The commercial FEM code is then used to solve the equation of motion in the rotating blade-fixed coordinate system. User-defined subroutines are developed to generate FEM models using 8-node linear solid volumetric elements. Iterations are implemented between BEM and FEM solvers until the solution converges. This study shows that the simulation method developed in this paper is reasonable.

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FATHALIKHANI, MARZIYEH, and BEHROUZ GATMIRI. "COUPLED ANALYSIS OF DAMAGE IN MULTIPHASE MEDIA." Journal of Multiscale Modelling 04, no. 02 (2012): 1250008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1756973712500084.

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In this paper, the theoretical framework of a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical damage model dedicated to non-isothermal unsaturated porous media is presented. The damage variable is a second-order tensor, and the model has been formulated in independent state variables. The approach combines thermodynamic and micromechanical theories. The behavior laws have been derived from a postulated expression of Helmholtz free energy. The damaged rigidities have been computed by applying the Principle of Equivalent Elastic Energy (PEEE). Internal length parameters have been introduced in the expressions of liquid water conductivity, to account for cracking effects on fluid flows. Damage has been assumed to have an isotropic influence on air and heat flows, through the inelastic component of volumetric strains. The damage model has been implemented in θ-Stock Finite Element program. Some numerical studies are conducted to the impact of the thermal and mechanical loading on the evaluation of response of the unsaturated bentonite, and investigation of model parameters effect on damage development.

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Ishwar, Gophane, Dharashivkar Narayan, Mulik Pramod, and Patil Prashant. "Theoretical and Finite Element Analysis of Pressure Vessel." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 17, no. 12 (2024): 1148–58. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v17i12.3272.

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Abstract Objectives: This study tests the vessel strength and performance of pressure vessel under Internal pressure, Nozzle loads, and Hydro-test using Ansys APDL, validating design alignment with ASME Section VIII following the Design by rule (Analytical) and Design by Analysis (FEA) accurate elastic analysis approach. Methods: This study employs ASME methods to validate vessel integrity under various loads. Strength is confirmed through analytical formulas and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS APDL, aligned with widely used ASME BPVC codes in the oil and gas industry. The FE model, utilizing hex elements, ensures result accuracy with a minimum of three elements across thickness. Boundary conditions are validated by comparing hoop stress in FEA with analytically calculated values. ASME's computationally efficient elastic analysis, employing a linear approach, includes stress linearization at discontinuity and non-discontinuity locations, verifying vessel design through analysis. Findings: Initial thicknesses for the shell and cone exceeded analytically calculated minimums, affirming vessel structural integrity through ASME's design by rule approach. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) stress analysis at critical points, such as nozzle junctions and other discontinuity areas, validates accuracy through hoop stress checks. Analysis of design and test load cases reveals stress categories well within ASME Sec VIII limits, confirming the vessel's safety and compliance with elastic stress analysis standards. Novelty: This method emerges as a reliable tool for vessel design, ensuring safety and ASME compliance, particularly beneficial for industries like oil and gas. It provides precise guidelines utilizing hex mesh, validates boundary conditions through hoop stress comparison, and comprehensively assesses stress in critical and non-critical zones through elastic stress analysis. Addressing common challenges identified in the literature review, this approach enhances the accuracy and reliability of pressure vessel designs in compliance with ASME standards for design and test loadings. Keywords: Pressure Vessels, Process Industries, Stress, Loads, Pressure, Thermal, Design Validation, ASME, FE analysis

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Gascón-Pérez, Manuel. "Hydro-Elastic Oscillations of the Bottom Membrane of a Rectangular Container Filled with Fluid." Defect and Diffusion Forum 399 (February 2020): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.399.76.

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The analysis of the hydro-elastic interactions of the covering membrane of fluid-filled cavities or containers has a main importance due to the solution of practical problems founded in engineering applications. In this paper the dynamic behaviour of the bottom membrane of a rectangular container filled with a non-viscous and incompressible fluid is analyzed. The fluid velocity potential is obtained first by applying a method of separation of variables and afterwards the pressure field is calculated with the momentum’s linearized equation. Taking into account the deformation equation for the membrane in contact with the fluid and by applying a discretization procedure to the associated generalized work equation, a system is obtained, for the calculus of the membrane frequencies of vibration. The influence of different geometrical parameters such as dimension, aspect ratio, container relative height, relative thickness as well as the fluid density on these frequencies is analysed. Validation of the method is made by comparing the results with those obtained by other authors and theories.

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MITSUI, KAZUO, HIROYUKI SOGABE, YUTAKA KONO, and KOJI SUMINO. "NONLINEAR STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE ELASTIC CIRCULAR ARCHES AND RINGS SUBJECTED TO UNIFORM EXTERNAL HYDRO PRESSURE II." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 359 (1986): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijsx.359.0_60.

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Xie, Shuangyi, Jiao He, Chenglin Zhang, Yingzhe Kan, Jinghua Ma, and Ziying Zhang. "Aero-hydro-servo-elastic coupled modeling and dynamics analysis of a four-rotor floating offshore wind turbine." Ocean Engineering 272 (March 2023): 113724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.113724.

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Hoffman, Yuval, Liav Nagar, Ilan Shachar, and Roee Diamant. "A Simple Approach to Estimate the Drag Coefficients of a Submerged Floater." Sensors 23, no. 3 (2023): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031394.

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The calculation of the drag force is a fundamental requirement in the design of any submerged system intended for marine exploration. The calculation can be performed by analytic analysis, numerical modeling, or by a direct calculation performed in a designated testing facility. However, for complex structures and especially those with a non-rigid design, the analytic and numerical analyses are not sufficiently accurate, while the direct calculation is a costly operation. In this paper, we propose a simple approach for how to calculate the drag coefficient in-situ. Aimed specifically at the complex case of elastic objects whose modeling via Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is challenging, our approach evaluates the relation between the object’s speed at steady-state and its mass to extract the drag coefficient in any desired direction, the hydro-static force, and, when relevant, also the thruster’s force. We demonstrate our approach for the special case of a highly complex elastic-shaped floater that profiles the water column. The analysis of two such floaters in two different sea environments shows accurate evaluation results and supports our claim for robustness. In particular, the simplicity of the approach makes it appealing for any arbitrary shaped object.

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Schinas, P., D. I. Manolas, V. A. Riziotis, and S. G. Voutsinas. "Aeroelastic modal dynamics of floating wind turbines in anisotropic conditions based on Floquet analysis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2265, no. 4 (2022): 042005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/4/042005.

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Abstract A reduced order model of a floating wind turbine with 22 degrees of freedom has been implemented and validated in comparison to the multibody, hydro-servo-aero-elastic code hGAST. The multi-blade Coleman transformation is applied and Floquet stability analysis is performed. This allows on one hand, to verify the actual Floquet implementation against the standard Coleman-based eigenvalue analysis in cases the transformed dynamic system has constant coefficients and on the other hand to analyze the effects of different anisotropies on stability. Mass imbalance of the rotor and yaw misalignment have been specifically addressed. In the mass imbalance scenario, the homogeneous results are not substantially altered while in the wind yaw scenario, there is slight change of the flapwise natural frequencies and of the tower lateral frequency as well as of the corresponding damping characteristics.

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Hwang, Yunn Lin, and Adhitya Adhitya. "Elastohydrodynamic Rotational Lubrication Analysis on the Multi-Body Dynamic Properties of Journal-Bearing Systems." Defect and Diffusion Forum 430 (January 9, 2024): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ptk9sd.

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This research aims to investigate the properties of elastohydrodynamic rotational lubrication analysis on journal-bearing systems. To simulate elastohydrodynamic lubrication on journal-bearing systems, the Elasto-Hydro-Dynamic (EHD) solver is combined with the Multi-Body Dynamic (MBD) solver to create MBD virtual environment with lubricant. The hydrodynamic lubricant is governed by using the Reynolds equation, whereas the elastic contact is governed using Greenwood and Tripp theories. The simulation is performed by changing the operating conditions such as the speed, load, and clearance between two surfaces. One can find these parameters’ effects such as film thickness, hydrodynamic pressure, and friction. The result shows that the friction induced by shaft speed is similar to the Stribeck curve on mixed lubrication regime. Consequently, the clearance, speed, and load will not only affect the friction but also affect the hydrodynamic pressure and film thickness.

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MAZARAKOS, THOMAS, DIMITRIOS KONISPOLIATIS, GEORGIOS KATSAOUNIS, et al. "Numerical and experimental studies of a multi-purpose floating TLP structure for combined wind and wave energy exploitation." Mediterranean Marine Science 20, no. 4 (2019): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.19366.

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This paper summarizes the coupled hydro-aero-elastic analysis of a multi-purpose floating structure suitable for offshore wind and wave energy exploitation. The analysis incorporates properly the solutions of the diffraction and the pressure- and motion- dependent radiation problems around the floating structure and the aerodynamics of a 5 MW Wind Turbine (WT). Finite water depths are considered, the structure being floating under the action of regular surface waves. The platform encompasses three hydrodynamically interacting Oscillating Water Column (OWC) devices consisting of concentric vertical cylinders, moored through tensioned tethers in a TLP concept. Details concerning the numerical and experimental modelling of the system are presented and the numerical results are compared against experimental data.

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Zhang, Yinchai, Huafeng Deng, Wei Wang, Lingling Duan, Yongyan Zhi, and Jianlin Li. "The Dynamic Response Law of Bank Slope under Water-Rock Interaction." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (August 7, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1306575.

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During the reservoir operation process, the long-term security and stability of the bank slope is affected by dynamic response characteristics of its seismic action directly. Aimed at the typical bank slope existing in the actual reservoir environment, an experiment considering reservoir water level fluctuation and soaking-air-drying cyclic water-rock interaction has been designed and conducted while the cyclic loading test was performed in different water-rock cycles. Research results indicate the following: Firstly, in the process of water-rock interaction, the dynamic characteristics of sandstone show evident degradation trend, with the increase of the damping ratio and Poisson’s ratio and decrease of dynamic elastic modulus, and the former six water-rock cycle degradation effects are particularly obvious. Secondly, the numerical analog computation analysis of dynamic response in typical bank slope shows that as the water-rock interaction period is increased, the dynamic response of the slope hydro-fluctuation belt zone increases gradually, while the other parts weaken. Thirdly, under the long-term water-rock interaction process, the hydro-fluctuation belt zone gradually becomes a “soft layer” which is sensitive to the earthquake effect and dynamic response, resulting in a direct influence on long-term seismic performance of the bank slope. Therefore, it is necessary to make better protection for the bank slope hydro-fluctuation belt zone.

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Rohrer, P., E. E. Bachynski-Polić, and M. Collette. "Towards gradient-based design optimization of fully-flexible tension-leg platform wind turbines." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2362, no. 1 (2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2362/1/012033.

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Novel technologies and design methods are needed to enable cost-competitive development of wind turbines with floating foundations. Tension-leg platforms have an established history in the oil and gas industry, though the complexity in coupled analysis of floating wind turbines generally has limited the exploration of novel concepts. The application of efficient, gradient-based optimization models has shown promise to overcome these difficulties and develop innovative designs. The core of this design optimization approach is an efficient coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic dynamic model for a generic tension-leg platform wind turbine design, referred to as TLPOpt. The equation of motion is defined based on the generalized elastic mode shapes of the combined main column and tower. TLPOpt is implemented in the OpenMDAO framework for optimization, and analytical derivatives are defined throughout to increase efficiency. Stochastic dynamic analysis in the frequency-domain allows for efficient assessment of fatigue and extreme conditions. Verification steps show good agreement between the linearized analysis and higher-fidelity analysis tools. Early optimization studies suggest the optimization is able to improve upon a reference design, though more realistic constraint and objective functions are needed to draw further conclusions.

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Yang, Yang, Musa Bashir, Constantine Michailides, Chun Li, and Jin Wang. "Development and application of an aero-hydro-servo-elastic coupling framework for analysis of floating offshore wind turbines." Renewable Energy 161 (December 2020): 606–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.134.

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Scriven, Joshua, Pauline Laporte-Weywada, and Joao M.B.P. Cruz. "Introducing non-rigid body structural dynamics to WEC-Sim." International Marine Energy Journal 3, no. 2 (2020): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.36688/imej.3.55-63.

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This paper describes the development of a structural dynamics add-on to WEC-Sim, an open-source code dedicated to the dynamic analysis of Wave Energy Converters (WECs). When calculating the dynamic response of a body, WEC-Sim by default uses a rigid body dynamics approach. Such an approach ignores the potential effects of structural deformation on the WEC, which can in turn affect e.g. the distributed loads across the WEC and / or the individual (point) load sources that depend on the dynamic response of the WEC. Following a similar approach to tools used in the offshore wind industry, a structural dynamic add-on was developed using Code_Aster as the Finite Element (FE) solver to enable coupled hydro-elastic, time-domain analysis. The add-on was developed and tested using an example Oscillating Wave Surge Converter (OWSC) WEC model, currently being developed as part of the H2020 MegaRoller project. In the examples studied, the inclusion of structural dynamics is shown to affect the estimated peak Power Take-Off (PTO) loads, with variations in PTO force of over 10% being observed when structural dynamics are considered in the analysis. © 2020, European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference. All rights reserved.

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Rui, Yi, and Mei Yin. "Thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling analysis of a thermo-active diaphragm wall." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, no. 5 (2018): 720–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2017-0158.

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Thermo-active diaphragm walls that combine load bearing ability with a ground source heat pump (GSHP) are considered to be one of the new technologies in geotechnical engineering. Despite the vast range of potential applications, current thermo-active diaphragm wall designs have very limited use from a geotechnical aspect. This paper investigates the wall–soil interaction behaviour of a thermo-active diaphragm wall by conducting a thermo-hydro-mechanical finite element analysis. The GSHP operates by circulating cold coolant into the thermo-active diaphragm wall during winter. Soil contraction and small changes in the earth pressures acting on the wall are observed. The strain reversal effect makes the soil stiffness increase when the wall moves in the unexcavated side direction, and hence gives different trends for long-term wall movements compared to the linear elastic model. The GSHP operation makes the wall move in a cyclic manner, and the seasonal variation is approximately 0.5–1 mm, caused by two factors: the thermal effects on the deformation of the diaphragm wall itself and the thermally induced volume change of the soil and pore water. In addition, it is found that the change in bending moment of the wall due to the seasonal GSHP cycle is caused mainly by the thermal differential across the wall during the winter, because the seasonal changes in earth pressures acting on the diaphragm wall are very limited.

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Long, Le Xuan, Le Van Quynh, Nguyen Van Tuan, Nguyen Minh Chau, and Nguyen Khac Minh. "A Study on the Nonlinear Characteristics of Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension Systems for Mining Dump Trucks." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 15, no. 1 (2025): 20249–57. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.9744.

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In the current study, nonlinear characteristics of Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension (HPS) systems for mining dump trucks are proposed and analyzed for the ride comfort of off-highway vehicles. To analyze these characteristics, a mathematical HPS model was used to determine the vertical elastic and damping forces. Then, a two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) quarter-vehicle dynamic model of a mining dump truck was proposed to analyze the nonlinear characteristics of the HPS systems implemented in a MATLAB/Simulink environment under low-frequency excitations of road surfaces. An experiment was set up to measure the vibration accelerations at the upper and lower positions of the HPS systems to verify the proposed HPS mathematical model. The experimental and simulation results demonstrated that both the time- and frequency-domain accelerations were consistent with the laws of physics and exhibited errors within acceptable ranges, thereby demonstrating the reliability of the proposed mathematical model. The simulation results showed that the elastic force increased rapidly during the compression process and increased slowly during the rebound process, whereas the damping force increased very slowly during the compression process but increased rapidly during the rebound process owing to the effect of the backflow valve. The results of the force characteristic curve analysis of the HPS systems with different excitation frequencies also revealed that when the vibration excitation frequency increased, the elastic, damping, and vertical total forces of the front and rear HPS systems increased quite rapidly.

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Zang, Hai Yan, and Guang Di Wang. "Surrounding Rock Stability Analysis and Rock Burst Prediction of Underground Cavity in High In Situ Stress." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1174.

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Based on Sidoroff isotropic elastic damage model, the damage deterioration constitutive equation was constructed for rigid and brittle rock mass. The excavation numerical simulation of a diversion tunnel with large section in Jinping hydro station was carried on. The displacement and stress evolution was analyzed considering stress transfer and dissipation of the tunnel surrounding rock mass. The stability evaluation parameters were put forward such as stress relaxation coefficient of surrounding rock mass, safety factor, the scale and distribution of plastic region of surrounding rock mass. The rock burst predication index was presented in viewpoint of energy such as sub-range statistic average energy release rate and sub-range statistic failure volume. The excavation methods for the diversion tunnel with large section were evaluated with multi criteria and the guideline for large section cavity in high in-situ stress was summarized.

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Singh, Deepali, Erik Haugen, Kasper Laugesen, Ayush Chauhan, and Axelle Viré. "Data analysis of the TetraSpar demonstrator measurements." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2767, no. 6 (2024): 062025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/6/062025.

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Abstract Floating offshore wind turbines can extract energy from deep offshore locations, typically unfit for fixed bottom designs. The complex interaction between the structural behavior of the floating offshore wind turbine and the stochastic site conditions, however, is an active area of research. Characterizing the relationship between the environmental conditions and loads may help design reduced-order models, surrogate models, and physics-based engineering models for floating wind turbines. This study uses data from the TetraSpar prototype equipped with a 3.6 MW Siemens Gamesa wind turbine. One-to-one simulations performed using an aero-servo-hydro-elastic software are included for comparison. Various tools, including linear correlation, mutual information, feature ordering using conditional independence, and sensitivity analysis using a data-driven variogram fit, are used for the assessment. This study is also helpful in validating the engineering model for future global sensitivity analysis using elementary effects or Sobol indices that require a rigid sampling of features and can, therefore, only be calculated with simulation tools. We find a good agreement between the experiments and simulations. The 10-min. damage equivalent loads on the tower show a correlation, particularly with the wind speed statistics and the significant wave height.

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Zhu, Fengshen, Baran Yeter, Feargal Brennan, and Maurizio Collu. "Time-domain fatigue reliability analysis for floating offshore wind turbine substructures using coupled nonlinear aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulations." Engineering Structures 318 (November 2024): 118759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118759.

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Zheng, Xiang, and Yu Lei. "Stochastic Response Analysis for a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Integrated with a Steel Fish Farming Cage." Applied Sciences 8, no. 8 (2018): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8081229.

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A state-of-the-art concept integrating a deepwater floating offshore wind turbine with a steel fish-farming cage (FOWT-SFFC) is presented in this paper. The configurations of this floating structure are given in detail, showing that the multi-megawatt wind turbine sitting on the cage foundation possesses excellent hydrostatic stability. The motion response amplitude operators (RAOs) calculated by the potential-flow program WAMIT demonstrate that the hydrodynamic performance of FOWT-SFFC is much better than OC3Hywind spar and OC4DeepCwind semisubmersible wind turbines. The aero-hydro-servo-elastic modeling and time-domain simulations are carried out by FAST to investigate the dynamic response of FOWT-SFFC for several environmental conditions. The short-term extreme stochastic response reveals that the dynamic behavior of FOWT-SFFC outperforms its counterparts. From the seakeeping and structural dynamic views, it is a very competitive and promising candidate in offshore industry for both power exploitation and aquaculture in deep waters.

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Ye, Wen, Yong Min Yang, and Heng Chang Wang. "Analysis on Potential Alkali Reactivity of the Aggregate and its Inhibiting Method in Dam Concrete of a Hydro Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1714.

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The aim of this paper is to systematically investigate the alkali activity of the aggregate selected from a stockyard, and examine its supression method, before pouring roller compacted concrete into the hydro project in Lechang gorge. Samples of natural sand, sandstone and limestone will be analysed through comprehensive petrographic method and accelerate mortar bar method. The results showed that natural sand is the aggregate without activity; sandstone core contains some wave shape with extinction characteristics of deformation quartz, because of active alkali-aggregate and the harm expansion of mortar, which is the aggregate with potentially harmful alkali-silicate reaction; wave shape and elastic deformation of the alkali in limestone are also the harmful element in concrete. The addition of level 1 and level 2 fly ash both has the ability to inhibit the reaction between alkali and silicate, and can control expansion rate of sandstone under 0.1 %.

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García-Valenzuela, Alejandro Luna, and Izak Goedbloed. "Development of an engineering tool to analyze spectral fatigue of floating structures by means of hydro-elastic coupling." Ciencia y tecnología de buques 16, no. 32 (2023): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25043/19098642.133.

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Navy vessels are relative long and slender ships which must withstand, during their extensive operational life, cyclic loads produced by the seaway. Fatigue is, hence, for those vessels a dominant parameter in the structural ship design and on their operation. Due to the arising complexity of fatigue assessments, an in-house tool is developed to perform automatized spectral fatigue analysis. Tool is called SEAFALT and stands for Long-Term Spectral Fatigue Analysis. This article described the calculation process of SEAFALT, together with results of a case of study. SEAFALT controls automatically the coupling process of the hydrodynamic load calculated on each sea scenario (via ANSYS AQWA), with its correspondent Finite-Element (FE) structural response (via ANSYS MAPDL). SEAFALT calculates: the expected long-term fatigue damage on each node of the FE-model and the minimum required FAT-class.

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Tong, Rong-Chen, He-Juan Liu, Yu-Jia Song, Li-Huan Xie, and Sheng-Nan Ban. "Permeability and Mechanical Response of Granite after Thermal and CO2 Bearing Fluid Hydro-Chemical Stimulation." Energies 15, no. 21 (2022): 8280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218280.

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The large scale extraction of geothermal energy can reduce CO2 emissions. For hot dry rocks, the key to successful utilization depends on the efficiency of reservoir reconstruction. The chemical and thermal stimulation methods are always used in geothermal reservoir reconstruction except in hydraulic fracturing with high fluid injection pressure, which is believed to reduce the seismic hazard by applying before the high-pressure hydraulic fracturing stimulation. However, at the laboratory scale, there are still very limited experimental studies illustrating the combined effects of chemical and thermal stimulation on the permeability and mechanical properties of granite, which is regarded as the main type of hot dry rock. In this paper, comparative stimulation experiments were carried out, including thermal/cold stimulation, CO2 bearing solution hydro-chemical stimulation, combined thermal and CO2 bearing fluid stimulation. By means of nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, permeability test and triaxial compression test, the changes of the micro-structure, permeability and mechanical properties of granite under various stimulation conditions were analyzed. The experimental results show that, compared with the single thermal stimulation and CO2 bearing fluid hydro-chemical stimulation, the superposition effect of thermal and CO2 bearing fluid hydro-chemical stimulation can increase the number of micro-fractures in granite more effectively, thus increasing the permeability, while the elastic modulus and compressive strength decrease. Moreover, the cooling mode on the granite also has a certain influence on the stimulation effect. After water-cooling on the heated granite (300 °C), combined with the CO2 bearing fluid stimulation (240 °C, 20 MPa), the permeability of granite is the highest, increasing by 17 times that of the initial state, and the porosity also increases by 144.4%, while the elastic modulus and compressive strength decrease by 14.3% and 18.4%, respectively. This implies that the deterioration of mechanical properties due to the micro-fractures increased by the thermal and chemical stimulation can enhance the fluid conductivity and heat extraction of granite. The methods in this paper can provide a reference for the combined application of thermal and chemical stimulation technology in artificial reservoir reconstruction of hot dry rocks.

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Xiao, Yong, Jianchun Guo, Hehua Wang, Lize Lu, and Mengting Chen. "Elastoplastic constitutive model for hydraulic aperture analysis of hydro-shearing in geothermal energy development." SIMULATION 95, no. 9 (2018): 861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549718793216.

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Geothermal energy is renewable, clean and green energy generated and stored in the Earth’s crust. The most important consideration for geothermal energy development in non-hydrothermal scenarios is the use of hydraulic fracturing technology to establish an effective network pathway to conduct fluid from injectors to producers. Hydraulic fracturing in geothermal wells is referred to as hydro-shearing and the aim is to improve the conductivity of natural fractures. In this paper, linear elastic constitutive relationships and shear strength of discontinuities in the pre-peak region are initially considered. Based on the dynamic frictional weakening, a proved conductive aperture and the post-peak elastoplastic constitutive models are proposed to analyze the deformation and conductivity of the natural fracture. Simulation research has shown that the joint compressive strength (JCS) mainly affects the shear displacement and hardly affects the dilation. The joint roughness coefficient (JRC) is more important for decreasing the shear strength and improves the dilation aperture. To no one’s surprise, reducing the effective normal stress is the best way for increasing the shear displacement, dilation and conductivity of the natural fracture. Almost 90% of the slip displacement and dilation occurs after fracture shear failure. This displacement not only increases the hydraulic conductivity of the fracture, but also reduces the required surface pumping pressure.

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Zou, Xiao Bing, Jie Bai, Guang Lei Yu, Hong Bing Wang, and Li Yang. "Mechanical Property Control of Polyacrylamide Gel Application for Cell Culture in Vitro." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 1803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1803.

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In order to construct the in vitro cell culture model occurring in biochemical and biophysical environment in vivo, and to establish quantitative detection and control of mechanical properties of substrate, a low modulus material polyacrylamide hydro-gel (PAHG) was synthesized and used as the substrate material for in vitro cell culture. Using a modified tensile device based on the principles of buoyancy for balance out gravity deformation and by detecting the minor deformation with the aids of computer graphic processing software, the measurement of low elastic modulus (E) of PAHG was established. By analyzing a large number of experimental data, the effect of two key factors (molar ratio of cross-linker/monomer and water content) on elastic modulus was investigated, and the influence of cross-linker/monomer (d) on saturated water content (w) was also discussed. Mathematical model for d, w and E of water saturated gel in vitro cell culture state was built up by regression analysis of experimental data. Based on the model, the d for PAHG with a given elastic modulus in water saturated state was calculated and applied to the synthesis of PAHG. The results showed that the elastic modulus of thus-obtained PAHG in water saturated state is in agreement with the given value with a relative error of 0.025-0.12, suggesting that the mathematical model is applicable for the prediction of properties of low modulus materials.

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Tilander, Jeremias, Matthew Patey, and Spyros Hirdaris. "Springing Analysis of a Passenger Ship in Waves." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 7 (2020): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070492.

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Traditionally, the evaluation of global loads experienced by passenger ships has been based on closed-form Classification Society Rule formulae or quasi direct analysis procedures. These approaches do not account for the combined influence of hull flexibility, slenderness, and environmental actions on global dynamic response. This paper presents a procedure for the prediction of the global wave-induced loads of a medium-size passenger ship using a potential flow Flexible Fluid Structure Interaction (FFSI) model. The study compares results from direct long-term hydro-structural computations against Classification Society Rules. It is demonstrated that for the specific vessel under consideration: (a) the elastic contributions of the responses on loads are negligible as springing effects occur outside of the wave energy spectrum, (b) deviations of the order of 28% arise by way of amidships when comparing direct hydrodynamic analysis predictions encompassing IACS UR S11A hog/sag nonlinear correction factors and the longitudinal strength standard, and (c) the interpretation of the wave scatter diagram influences predictions by approximately 20%. Based on these indications, it is recommended that further parametric studies over a range of passenger ship designs could help draw unified conclusions on the total influence of global and local hydrodynamic actions on passenger ship loads and dynamic response.

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Moreno, Carlos Pérez, Johannes Lange, Thor Snedker, and Ilmas Bayati. "A dynamic-simulation based workability and accessibility combined method for systematic analysis of floating wind operations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2767, no. 6 (2024): 062008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/6/062008.

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Abstract This work aims at providing a new methodology to assess combined workability and accessibility (W&A) of a floating offshore wind turbine, that is, the capability to transfer technicians to perform maintenance work. The proposed approach accounts for site-specific met-ocean conditions and industry-typical W&A limits by virtue of significant wave height, peak wave period, and wave heading, in contrast to only considering wave height, as currently done to take operation and maintenance decisions. A multi-body model of the VolturnUS-S 15 MW floating platform with a Service Operation Vessel (SOV) is used to compute the accessibility based on time-domain simulations and motion-compensated gangway limits. An iterative algorithm is implemented to find the maximum accessible wave height for each period and wave heading. Then, based on the limiting accessibility, single-body hydro-aero-elastic simulations are used to compute the nacelle accelerations, in order to estimate workability. The accessibility is hereby found to be the most limiting factor, with significant changes depending on the peak wave period and wave heading.

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Sazanov, Vyacheslav P., Valentin F. Pavlov, Karina F. Matveeva, and Aleksandra S. Konyhova. "ON THE ERRORS IN MEASUREMENT OF RESIDUAL STRESSES AND PREDICTION OF THE ENDURANCE LIMIT OF HARDENED PARTS." Journal of Dynamics and Vibroacoustics 9, no. 4 (2023): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2409-4579-2023-9-4-43-51.

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The study is devoted to the analysis of discrepancy between the results of prediction and of multi fatigue tests of cylindrical parts with stress concentrator in the form of a semicircular notch, made of construction steels 20, 45, 30ХГСА and 40Х. The surface of the parts was hardened by hydro and pneumatic shot blasting methods. When predicting by the reference specimen method, bushes with a length of 80 mm, with an outer diameter of 51.5 mm and an inner diameter of 45 mm were used to determine residual stresses in the hardened layer. Modeling of the residual strain-stress state in bushes and notched parts was carried out using the Finite Element method in the environment of PATRAN/NASTRAN and ANSYS calculation systems using the thermo elastic method. When predicting the increment in the endurance limit due to hardening for parts with notches, the criterion of average integral residual stresses was adopted, determined at the critical depth of a non-propagating fatigue crack. The discrepancy between the calculated prediction and bending test results in the case of a symmetrical cycle was no more than 11% for pneumatic shot blasting and no more than 8% for hydro shot blasting. The positive results of the study showed that the accepted assumptions in the reference specimen method are completely justified.

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