Academic literature on the topic 'IgG levels'
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Journal articles on the topic "IgG levels"
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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, et al. "Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, no. 2 (1999): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.2.231-235.1999.
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ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. We have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (LAg) to detect specific antibody responses in 25 untreated Indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. To investigate the pathogenetic significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses were analyzed under clinically established diseased conditions. Since LAg showed higher sensitivity for specific IgG than lysate, the immunoglobulin isotype responses were evaluated, with LAg as antigen. Compared to 60 controls, which included patients with malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and typhoid and healthy subjects, visceral leishmaniasis patients showed significantly higher IgG (100% sensitivity, 85% specificity), IgM (48% sensitivity, 100% specificity), and IgE (44% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity) responses. Low levels of IgA in visceral leishmaniasis patients contrasted with a 13-fold-higher reactivity in sera from patients with leprosy. Among IgG subclasses, IgG1, -3, and -4 responses were significantly higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients than in the controls. IgG2 response, however, was significantly higher (twofold) in leprosy than even visceral leishmaniasis patients. The rank orders for sensitivity (IgG = IgG1 = IgG3 = IgG4 > IgG2 > IgM > IgE > IgA) and specificity (IgM = IgG3 > IgE > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgG > IgG1 > IgA) for LAg-specific antibody responses suggest the potentiality of IgG3 as a diagnostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis.
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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, et al. "Differential Decline in Leishmania Membrane Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG Subclass Antibodies in Indian Kala-Azar Patients after Chemotherapy." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 12 (1999): 6663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6663-6669.1999.
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ABSTRACT Pathogenesis in kala-azar is associated with depressed cellular immunity and significant elevation of antileishmanial antibodies. Since these antibodies are present even after cure, analysis of the parasite-specific isotypes and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in kala-azar patients may shed new light on the immune responses during progression and resolution of infection. Using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts, we investigated the relative levels of specific IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses in Indian kala-azar patient sera during disease, drug resistance, and cure. Acute-phase sera showed strong stimulation of IgG, followed by IgE and IgM and lastly by IgA antibodies. IgG subclass analysis revealed expression of all of the subclasses, with a predominance of IgG1 during disease. Following sodium stibogluconate (SAG) resistance, the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgG4 remained constant, while there was a decrease in the titers of IgG2 and IgG3. In contrast, a significant (2.2-fold) increase in IgG1 was observed in these individuals. Cure, in both SAG-responsive and unresponsive patients, correlated with a decline in the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and all of the IgG subclasses. The stimulation of IgG1 and the persistence, most importantly, of IgE and IgG4 following drug resistance, along with a decline in IgE, IgG4, and IgG1 with cure, demonstrate the potential of these isotypes as possible markers for monitoring effective treatment in kala-azar.
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Ramezanpour, Mahnaz, Hua Hu, Aden Lau, et al. "Increased Serum IgG4 Associates with Asthma and Tissue Eosinophilia in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients." Pathogens 9, no. 10 (2020): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9100828.
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Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial disease where microorganisms’ innate and adaptive immunity can play a role. This study assessed the total IgG, IgG subclasses, IgE and IgA levels in serum samples from CRS and non-CRS control patients in relation to the disease severity, phenotype, histopathology and comorbidities. Total serum IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and IgE was determined from 10 non-CRS controls, 10 CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) and 26 CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) patients using ImmunoCap assays. Tissue lysates were analyzed for IgG levels by ELISA. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to measure the expression of IgE and IgG4 in tissue sections. The presence of anti-nuclear antigens (ANAs) against 12 autoantigens in sera and tissue lysates was determined by immunoblot assays. Total serum IgG/IgG1/IgG2 levels were higher in CRS patients vs. controls (p < 0.001), but were not different between CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients (p = 0.57). Serum IgG4/IgE levels were increased in CRSwNP patients compared to controls (p = 0.006), however, this relationship was attenuated by the inclusion of covariates. Serum IgG4 levels were more strongly associated with asthma (p = 0.038, exact median test) and tissue eosinophilia (Spearman’s rank rho = 0.51, p = 0.016) than IgE levels. No systemic ANAs were detected in any of the subjects tested. There was a polyclonal increase in serum immunoglobulins in CRS patients with elevated IgG4/IgE levels in CRSwNP patients having tissue eosinophilia and asthma.
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Weetman, A. P., and Shara B. Cohen. "The relationship of HLA-DR3 and outcome after antithyroid drugs to the IgG subclass distribution of thyroid autoantibodies in Graves' disease." Acta Endocrinologica 114, no. 2 (1987): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1140292.
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Abstract. We have examined the IgG subclass distribution of thyroglobulin (Tg) and microsomal (M) auto-antibodies in 31 patients with Graves' disease before and after treatment with carbimazole. IgG1 and IgG2 subclass antibodies were detected before treatment in nearly all patients, and in over a third there was an excess of activity in the IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses. There were significant differences between the IgG subclasses composing Tg antibodies (less IgG 1 and IgG3 but more IgG2 in the latter). Patients who were HLA-DR3-positive had significantly lower levels of IgG4 in M antibodies than in those who were DR3-negative. A variety of changes were found after treatment, and these depended on whether the patient entered remission or relapse. In particular, IgG1 levels of M antibodies were consistently higher in the relapse group, whereas after 1 year in remission IgG4 levels fell, and IgG2 levels rose. These results show preferential production of certain IgG subclasses composing thyroid autoantibodies in Graves' disease which appears to be associated with HLA-DR3 status and the response to antithyroid drugs.
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Tappe, Dennis, Yasuhito Sako, Sonoyo Itoh, et al. "Immunoglobulin G Subclass Responses to Recombinant Em18 in the Follow-Up of Patients with Alveolar Echinococcosis in Different Clinical Stages." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 17, no. 6 (2010): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00026-10.
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ABSTRACT In this study, we compared the sequential responses of immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses to the diagnostic antigen Em18 in sera from patients with alveolar echinococcosis. A total of 225 sera from 36 patients at different clinical stages according to the WHO-PNM staging system were tested. The antibody responses were measured for cohorts with resected and unresected parasitic lesions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Total IgG and, to a lesser extent, IgG4 antibody levels against Em18 correlated with all PNM stages before treatment, whereas levels of IgG2 were low and IgG3 was undetectable. Antibody kinetics, however, depended on the treatment rather than on the PNM stage. For some patients, after curative surgery, IgG1 antibodies dropped below the cutoff earlier than other antibodies, followed by total IgG and IgG4 within 18 months. For some patients with recurrences after surgery, IgG1 and IgG4 reappeared, whereas patients with unresectable lesions but stable disease showed steady declines in the levels of all antibodies, and IgG1 became undetectable in some patients. Additional testing of IgE responses to Em18 showed constantly low levels at all stages and in all cohorts.
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McDonald, Vickie, Samuel J. Machin, Ian J. Mackie, and Marie A. Scully. "The Prognostic Effects of Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG, IgA and IgM Antibody Subclasses In Acute Idiopathic TTP and the Effect of Rituximab,." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 3305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3305.3305.
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Abstract Abstract 3305 Acquired idiopathic TTP is associated with severe ADAMTS13 (A13) deficiency/anti-A13 IgG antibodies. Management is with plasma exchange (PEX) and immunosuppression. Rituximab is known to induce a sustained remission by eradicating the A13 inhibitor. We studied the prognostic value of anti-A13 IgG subclasses and the effect of rituximab on these antibodies. Anti-A13 IgG subclasses were detected using ELISA: microtitre plates coated with rADAMTS13 and antibody detected using biotinylated monoclonal anti-IgG1-4. Results: 70 acute episodes from a 4 year period were analysed. In addition, 23 deaths and 25 relapsed TTP episodes were selected to ensure adequate numbers in these groups for comparison. The median ADAMTS13 activity was <5% and the median IgG anti-ADAMTS13 was 48.5% (7–164.3%, normal <4%). The total IgG positively and significantly correlated with the number of IgG subclasses present. Increasing levels of IgG1-3 were associated with increasing total IgG however the levels of IgG4 did not correlate with total IgG levels. IgG4 and IgG1 inversely correlated with each other. IgG4 was the predominant subclass (74%), followed by IgG1 (73%), IgG2 (69%) and IgG3 (50%). This pattern was similar for de novo and relapsed cases and for men and women. The percentage of patients with 1,2,3 and 4 subclasses concurrently was 14, 29, 32 and 25% respectively showing that this is a polyclonal disease. De novo presentations were more likely to present with a greater number of subclasses than relapses. The mortality increased with increasing numbers of subclasses: 1 subclass 0%, 2 subclasses 15%, 3 subclasses 24% and 4 subclasses 31% mortality. The presence of IgG2 but not the other subclasses was associated with mortality (OR 12.4, p 0.018). IgG2 also correlated with cardiac disease. Higher IgG1 and 2 levels were seen in those with neurological and cardiac involvement. IgG2 and IgG4 significantly correlated with the number of PEX to remission (p<0.0001 and p 0.027 respectively). The median number of PEX increased with increasing numbers of IgG subclasses at presentation: one subclass 8.85, two subclasses 11.25, three subclasses 16 and four subclasses 24. 28% patients had IgA anti-ADAMTS13 at presentation and 7.9% had IgM. The total anti-ADAMTS13 IgG was higher in those with IgA (80%) compared to those without (39.6%, p 0.0004). The median PEX was not influenced by the presence of IgA (22 vs 15, p0.49). There was no influence of IgA on mortality however all of the relapses occurred in the IgA negative group. A subset of 64 (48F/16M; 47de novo/17relapses; 3 deaths; median PEX 16) episodes had received weekly rituximab, median 4 doses, range 2–8. Of these patients, 60.9, 62.5, 42.2 and 81.3% patients had IgG 1, 2, 3 &4 respectively at presentation. On completing rituximab the %patients with IgG1, 2, 3 &4 was 48.1, 23.1, 3.8 and 51.9. By 6 months the percentages were 30.8, 12.8, 0 and 15 and at 12 months were 26.5, 6.1, 4.1 and 12.2. 25% patients had all 4 subclasses at presentation compared to 2% at 12months. The median A13 activity at 12 months was lower in those with persistent subclasses (63%) compared to those with none (77%) but the difference did not reach significance (p=0.06). Not all patients with antibody levels above the limit of detection had low A13 activity so clearly some antibodies are non-inhibitory. The median anti-A13 IgG subclass levels all fell with therapy (by >50% after 2 rituximab doses). 5.8% patients with no subclasses at 12months relapsed compared to 17.6% of those with detectable subclasses. In conclusion, TTP is a polyclonal disease. The presence of increased numbers of IgG anti-ADAMTS13 subclasses is associated with increased mortality and increased PEX requirement. Rituximab leads to the eradication of most anti-A13 subclasses but IgG1&4 are more likely to remain above the normal range despite clinical remission and in some cases normalisation of ADAMTS13 activity. Persistence of antibodies in remission leads to an increased risk of relapse. IgA at presentation is associated with may protect from relapse. Disclosures: Off Label Use: This talk contains discussion of the off license use of rituximab in TTP.
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Aucouturier, P., A. Barra, L. Intrator, et al. "Long lasting IgG subclass and antibacterial polysaccharide antibody deficiency after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation." Blood 70, no. 3 (1987): 779–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.3.779.779.
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Abstract Serum IgG subclasses were measured by a competitive indirect immunoassay with monoclonal antibodies in 31 leukemic patients before and after bone marrow transplantation. Antibodies to Hemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide were determined in 28 cases. Abnormally low or borderline subclass (mostly IgG2 and IgG4) levels were found late after transplant in 23 infected and noninfected patients. These levels persisted for as long as 25 months, in association with low or borderline IgA levels in 78% of the cases. IgG2, IgG4, and IgA often showed a parallel evolution, whereas IgG1, IgG3, and IgM often varied together in the opposite way. Class but not subclass deficiencies were more frequent in patients with graft-v-host disease (GVHD). Subclass abnormalities predominated in infected patients, with mean levels correlating with the severity of infections; however, the abnormalities are not clearly predictive of infections in individual cases. Most patients with Hib pneumonia showed virtually no IgG antibody response to Hib, and one-half of the patients had a moderate IgM and IgA response. In the whole series, many sera collected greater than 1 year after graft contained very low or undetectable antibodies. Correlation between anti-Hib antibody and IgG2 levels was significant but weak because of discrepancies that were only partially explained by the subclass distribution of the antibodies.
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Aucouturier, P., A. Barra, L. Intrator, et al. "Long lasting IgG subclass and antibacterial polysaccharide antibody deficiency after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation." Blood 70, no. 3 (1987): 779–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.3.779.bloodjournal703779.
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Serum IgG subclasses were measured by a competitive indirect immunoassay with monoclonal antibodies in 31 leukemic patients before and after bone marrow transplantation. Antibodies to Hemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide were determined in 28 cases. Abnormally low or borderline subclass (mostly IgG2 and IgG4) levels were found late after transplant in 23 infected and noninfected patients. These levels persisted for as long as 25 months, in association with low or borderline IgA levels in 78% of the cases. IgG2, IgG4, and IgA often showed a parallel evolution, whereas IgG1, IgG3, and IgM often varied together in the opposite way. Class but not subclass deficiencies were more frequent in patients with graft-v-host disease (GVHD). Subclass abnormalities predominated in infected patients, with mean levels correlating with the severity of infections; however, the abnormalities are not clearly predictive of infections in individual cases. Most patients with Hib pneumonia showed virtually no IgG antibody response to Hib, and one-half of the patients had a moderate IgM and IgA response. In the whole series, many sera collected greater than 1 year after graft contained very low or undetectable antibodies. Correlation between anti-Hib antibody and IgG2 levels was significant but weak because of discrepancies that were only partially explained by the subclass distribution of the antibodies.
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Zeng, Yanli, Yan Zhang, Qinggui Chen, et al. "Distribution of IgG subclass anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) in systemic lupus erythematosus." Lupus 30, no. 6 (2021): 901–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203321995242.
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Objectives Our study purpose was to detect the distribution of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) IgG subclasses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to evaluate their influence on the inflammatory process in SLE. Methods We determined the serum levels of ANA IgG subclasses from 70 SLE patients, 25 patients with other autoimmune diseases (OAD), and 25 healthy controls using ELISA. The serum level of total ANA IgG and the avidity of ANA IgG, dsDNA IgG, and dsDNA IgG subclasses were analysed by ELISA. Results The results indicated that levels of four ANA IgG subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4) and total IgG were significantly higher in SLE patients than in OAD patients and healthy controls ( p < 0.001). Moreover, the level of each ANA IgG subclass and the prevalence of high-avidity IgG ANAs (HA IgG ANAs) were significantly higher in the active cases than in the inactive cases of SLE and LN. Furthermore, level of ANA IgG subclasses decreased as level of dsDNA IgG subclasses decreased in 30 patients with SLE. In comparison, ANA IgG3 was significantly effective in high-dose prednisone combined with hydroxychloroquine ( p = 0.025). Additionally, it revealed that level of dsDNA IgG had a significant influence on four ANA IgG subclasses, especially on ANA IgG3 (β coefficient = 0.649, p < 0.001). Level of ANA IgG3 was also positively related to the serum level of dsDNA IgG (r = 0.729, p < 0.001) and RAI of HA IgG ANAs (r = 0.504, p < 0.001). However, the level of ANA IgG4 was positively related to the serum level of albumin (r = 0.572, p < 0.001) and RAI of HA IgG ANAs (r = 0.549, p < 0.001). Moreover, the results revealed that cutaneous and renal involvement were mainly associated with the ANA IgG1 and IgG4 subclasses. Although, arthritic involvement was mainly associated with ANA IgG3. Conclusions First, we demonstrated that the ANA IgG subclasses were diagnostic tools in SLE patients. Furthermore, HA IgG ANAs might affect the distribution of ANA IgG3 and IgG4. Moreover, ANA IgG3 might play a particular role in the activity of SLE disease and therapy. Therefore, an altered ANA IgG subclass distribution might be a risk factor influencing the inflammatory process in SLE.
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MacGlashan Jr, Donald, Santiago Alvarez‐Arango, and Jody Tversky. "Subclasses of allergen‐specific IgG: Serum IgG2 and IgG3 levels are not predicted by IgG1/IgG4 levels." Clinical & Experimental Allergy 51, no. 8 (2021): 1093–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cea.13977.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "IgG levels"
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Sellers, Lisa K. "Exercise-induced alterations in immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgM) levels in cancer versus non-cancer patients." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2008. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/384.
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Dehlawi, Saied Waheed. "Roles of Clostridium difficile cell wall and flagellar proteins in pathogenicity and innate immunity." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8211.
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The number of cases of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been increasing globally. CDI is the main cause of nosocomial diarrhoea, which may be life-threatening in complicated cases, and also costs the health care societies millions of pounds annually. The predominant types and their resistance to antibiotics have been changing and one of the major selective pressures which causes this is antimicrobial use. Although much is known about the role of the toxins in pathogenesis of CDI, the role of immunogenic cell wall components is unclear. They may play a role in colonisation and pathology and a study of these could clarify the infection process. It is therefore important to study the immune responses against these bacterial wall components from different strains and their effects on stimulation of leukocytes to produce cytokines and chemokines. This study was divided into four parts: 1. An epidemiological study to determine frequencies of the predominant types of C. difficile, thus 140 C. difficile isolates from surgical patients and their environment during 2009 were investigated to define their PCR ribotype. This utilised capillary sequencing gel electrophoresis for their analysis. 2. The determination of antimicrobial susceptibility to six antibiotics (ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, moxifloxacin and vancomycin) was assessed and MIC determination by agar dilutions. 3. Investigation of host immunity to molecules with conserved molecular patterns. Surface-layer proteins (SLPs), lipocarbohydrate (LC) and flagellar proteins were separated and purified from five ribotypes of C. difficile (001, 002, 027, 078 and106) predominant in Scotland. a) The immune responses to these molecules were assessed by ELISA by exposing serum of patients and healthy donors and measuring specific IgG levels. b) Innate immunity was investigated by distinguishing responses of a macrophage cell line (THP1) to the above molecules. Induction of interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL- 8, IL-10 and IL-12 interleukins and TNF-α was detected by ELISA. In this study 15 different ribotypes were identified. The most frequent were 001, 020, 106 ribotypes (52.8%, 7.4% and 5.7%), respectively, while 13 isolates could not be assigned a ribotype. However, all isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, metronidazole and moxifloxacin, but 74.28% of isolates were resistant to erythromycin. The IgG level against bacterial antigens (SLPs, LC and flagella proteins) in donors’ serum showed almost normal distribution to all antigens from the different ribotypes and the sensitivity of the assays was increased by raising the concentration of antigens. Levels to SLPs were generally the highest, but the flagellar protein exceeded the SLPs of the 027 ribotype. The donors, controls, patients and carrier sera gave similar results. The greatest induction of interleukins was obtained using 50μg of antigen with the THP-1 cells activated with 50ng of PMA. The highest induction of all antigens was for IL-10. The highest values for the control LPS was with IL-12. But the best effect for SLPs of 027 was for IL-10 (109.1ng/ml), while the weakest for TNF for SLPs of 027 (4.7ng/ml). In general the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF concentrations ranged from 4.7-60ng/ml for all antigens and in contrast IL-12 and IL-10 average ranged 11- 109.1ng/ml. To conclude, the prevalence of C. difficile and their antibiotic susceptibility are constantly changing. IgG antibodies to SLPs and flagellar proteins from the hypervirulent ribotype 027 were highest in the community and hospitalized individuals. The molecules of conserved molecular patterns are immunogenic with various levels of response in the monocytic THP1 cells. SLPs were best in inducing interleukins. Flagellar proteins from 027 ribotypes accompanied SLPs in IL-10 induction levels. Consequently SLPs and flagellar proteins from 027 ribotypes appeared the best immunogenic bacterial molecules.
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Mowrey, Coleen Marie. "Influence of Feeding Pooled Colostrum or Colostrum Replacement on IgG Levels and Evaluation of Animal Plasma as a Milk Replacer Protein Source." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32560.
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Newborn Holstein (n = 48) and Jersey (n = 30) calves were studied to compare the absorption of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from maternal colostrum (n = 39) or a colostrum replacement product derived from bovine serum (n = 39). Calves were also fed milk replacer with (n = 38) or without (n = 40) animal plasma to 29 d of age to determine the effect of plasma protein on IgG status, health, and growth. Colostrum or colostrum replacement was fed at 1.05 and 13.5 h of age and provided a total of 250, 180, 249, or 186 g IgG for Holsteins and Jerseys fed replacement or colostrum, respectively. Milk replacer (12.5% DM) was fed at 31% of metabolic birth weight (2 feedings/d). Jugular blood was sampled at 0 h, 24 h, and weekly to determine plasma IgG. At blood collection calves were weighed and measured to determine growth. Health scores, fecal scores, and grain intake were measured daily. Mean plasma IgG at 24 h did not differ between calves fed colostrum (13.78 ± 0.39 g/L) and replacement (13.96 ± 0.38 g/L). Average daily gain, wither height, hip height, body length, heart girth, health, and incidence of diarrhea were not different between treatment groups. Plasma IgG and performance were not affected by addition of animal plasma to milk replacer. The colostrum substitute successfully replaced colostrum as the source of IgG for newborn calves. Animal plasma was an acceptable source of protein, but did not enhance growth or immunity.<br>Master of Science
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Daly, J. N. "IgH allelic exclusion at the level of IgH transcription." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598257.
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Expression of a productivity rearranged immunoglobulin heavy (μH) chain from a first in-frame VDJ<sub>H</sub>-rearranged allele prevents further recombinant of the second, DJ<sub>H</sub>-rearranged, allele, termed heavy chain allelic exclusion. I investigated at the single cell level the transcriptional status of both <i>IgH</i> alleles in <i>ex vivo </i>cells using RNA fluorescent <i>in situ</i> hybridisation (FISH). Prior to exclusion, in predominantly DJ<sub>H </sub>/DJ<sub>H</sub>-rearranged pro/pre-B1 cells, both IgH alleles are transcribed and detected by RNA-FISH. In contrast, following productive VDJ<sub>H</sub>-recombination and μH expression i.e. in allelically excluded pre-BII cells, mono-allele transcription was detected in the 40% and bi-allelic in 60% of cells. This 40:60 ratio was maintained throughout subsequent B cell developmental stages. A V<sub>H</sub>-specific transcription assay revealed a V<sub>H </sub>(J558) transcription co-localising with mono- and bi-allelic μ transcription sites, strongly indicating transcription from VDJ<sub>H</sub>-rearranged alleles in allelically excluded B cells. Combined RNA/DNA FISH showed detection of the V<sub>H</sub>-D<sub>H </sub>intergenic regions in cells with mono-allelic μ-transcription. Within these nuclei the μ-transcription site and V<sub>H</sub>-D<sub>H</sub> intergenic region were clearly separate and thus do not originate from the same allele, thus suggesting a VDJ<sub>H</sub>/DJ<sub>H</sub>-rearrangement status. In the majority (>80%) of nuclei with two μ-transcription sites no V<sub>H</sub>-D<sub>H</sub>-intergenic regions were observed, suggesting VDJ<sub>H</sub>/VDJ<sub>H</sub>-recombination. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed steady-state DJ<sub>H</sub>-Cμ transcripts in splenic B cells, which have been allelically excluded at levels 2-3 fold less than observed in a developmental stage prior to exclusion. Thus the DJ<sub>H</sub>-recombined allele is transcribed after exclusion. Our data show that the process of allelic exclusion results in diminished ability for RNA-FISH to detect the transcription of the DJ<sub>H</sub>- but not the VDJ<sub>H</sub>-rearranged alleles, indicating that the signal for allelic exclusion is received only by the DH<sub>J</sub>-recombined alleles. Therefore, in allelically excluded cells, the DJ<sub>H</sub>-but not VDJ<sub>H</sub>-rearranged alleles alter their transcriptional activity and thus act as part of the mechanism for heavy chain allelic exclusion.
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Ledin, Anna. "More or Less IgE : Therapeutic Vaccines, Adjuvants and Genes and Their Effect on IgE Levels." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4254.
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Papaleo, Marco <1981>. "Packet Level Coding for Mobile Broadcasting." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2702/.
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The thesis deals with channel coding theory applied to upper layers in the protocol stack of a communication link and it is the outcome of four year research activity. A specific aspect of this activity has been the continuous interaction between the natural curiosity related to the academic blue-sky research and the system oriented design deriving from the collaboration with European industry in the framework of European funded research projects.
In this dissertation, the classical channel coding techniques, that are traditionally applied at physical layer, find their application at upper layers where the encoding units (symbols) are packets of bits and not just single bits, thus explaining why such upper layer coding techniques are usually referred to as packet layer coding. The rationale behind the adoption of packet layer techniques is in that physical layer channel coding is a suitable countermeasure to cope with small-scale fading, while it is less efficient against large-scale fading. This is mainly due to the limitation of the time diversity inherent in the necessity of adopting a physical layer interleaver of a reasonable size so as to avoid increasing the modem complexity and the latency of all services. Packet layer techniques, thanks to the longer codeword duration (each codeword is composed of several packets of bits), have an intrinsic longer protection against long fading events. Furthermore, being they are implemented at upper layer, Packet layer techniques have the indisputable advantages of simpler implementations (very close to software implementation) and of a selective applicability to different services, thus enabling a better matching with the service requirements (e.g. latency constraints). Packet coding technique improvement has been largely recognized in the recent communication standards as a viable and efficient coding solution: Digital Video Broadcasting standards, like DVB-H, DVB-SH, and DVB-RCS mobile, and 3GPP standards (MBMS) employ packet coding techniques working at layers higher than the physical one.
In this framework, the aim of the research work has been the study of the state-of-the-art coding techniques working at upper layer, the performance evaluation of these techniques in realistic propagation scenario, and the design of new coding schemes for upper layer applications. After a review of the most important packet layer codes, i.e. Reed Solomon, LDPC and Fountain codes, in the thesis focus our attention on the performance evaluation of ideal codes (i.e. Maximum Distance Separable codes) working at UL. In particular, we analyze the performance of UL-FEC techniques in Land Mobile Satellite channels. We derive an analytical framework which is a useful tool for system design allowing to foresee the performance of the upper layer decoder. We also analyze a system in which upper layer and physical layer codes work together, and we derive the optimal splitting of redundancy when a frequency non-selective slowly varying fading channel is taken into account. The whole analysis is supported and validated through computer simulation.
In the last part of the dissertation, we propose LDPC Convolutional Codes (LDPCCC) as possible coding scheme for future UL-FEC application. Since one of the main drawbacks related to the adoption of packet layer codes is the large decoding latency, we introduce a latency-constrained decoder for LDPCCC (called windowed erasure decoder). We analyze the performance of the state-of-the-art LDPCCC when our decoder is adopted. Finally, we propose a design rule which allows to trade-off performance and latency.
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Wilkens, Díaz-Muñoz Camila. "Metabolic engineering on IgG producing CHO cell: construction and comparative analysis of clones at a metabolic level." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/132337.
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Doctora en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Mención Química<br>La venta de biofármacos representa una industria billonaria que ha crecido exponencialmente desde la década de los 70's debido al aumento de la demanda por estas proteínas terapéuticas altamente específicas. Estas proteínas recombinantes son sintetizadas por diferentes líneas celulares, especialmente aquella derivada de ovarios de hámster chino CHO ya que presentan altas tasas específicas de producción de proteína recombinante y son fácilmente adaptables a escalas industriales. Hoy en día, más de la mitad de los anticuerpos monoclonales que se encuentran en el mercado son producidos por células CHO.
Para incrementar el rendimiento de los procesos productivos, diferentes metodologías han sido usadas por investigadores. Resultados positivos han sido obtenidos aplicando principios de ingeniería y utilizando herramientas de biología molecular para modificar reacciones bioquímicas. Proyectos de Ingeniería Metabólica han sido exitosos en reducir la producción de metabolitos indeseados, especialmente lactato, e incrementar la síntesis de proteína recombinante. En este trabajo se estudia el efecto que tienen diferentes estrategias de Ingeniería Metabólica sobre el metabolismo y cultivo de células CHO.
Se ha probado que el metabolismo de carbono de células CHO es altamente ineficiente, consumiendo una cantidad de glucosa mayor de la necesaria para mantener el metabolismo energético y proliferación celular. En este trabajo se construyeron clones de células CHO productoras de IgG recombinante que sobre-expresan PYC2, MDH II y trasportador de fructosa. La expresión de estos genes permitiría aliviar cuellos de botella en el metabolismo central del carbono de las células. En este trabajo se estudiaron y contrastaron los efectos de la sobre-expresión de estos genes sobre la extensión de los cultivos, metabolismo y productividad. Los resultados indican que todos los clones estudiados presentan un metabolismo más eficiente, caracterizado por una menor producción de lactato por glucosa consumida y que no todos mejoraron su proliferación celular y/o productividad específica. Células CHO sobre expresando PYC2 mejoraron su tasa máxima de crecimiento, pero redujeron la tasa de producción de proteína recombinante; la sobre-expresión de MDH II conduce a la reducción del crecimiento celular y síntesis de proteína; finalmente, sobre-expresar el transportador de fructosa aumenta la proliferación celular y síntesis de proteína recombinante en medios con fructosa. Proponemos que las diferencias en producción de proteína se deben a alteraciones del estado RedOx de la célula que afectan en ensamblado de las cadenas peptídicas y la secreción de éstas.
Reducir la expresión del gen Lactato deshidrogenasa A ha sido el objetivo de numerosos trabajos con el fin de reducir la síntesis de lactato e incrementar la producción de proteína recombinante. Utilizando el nuevo sistema para edición genómica CRISPR-Cas logramos interrumpir una de las copias del gen. Resultados del análisis de cultivos fed-batch de estas células indican que el crecimiento celular y el metabolismo fueron afectados y la síntesis específica y volumétrica de la proteína recombinante incrementó considerablemente.
Se realizó un análisis a profundidad del metabolismo de las células deficientes en LDHa. Se midió la razón NAD+/NADH de éstas y el valor indicó que las células mutadas presentan niveles de NAD +/NADH menores que las del cultivo control, sugiriendo una mejora en su metabolismo energético debido a la mayor acumulación de NADH. Mediante Análisis de Flujos Metabólicos se estimó los flujos entre las reacciones más importantes del metabolismo central de las células. Los resultados confirmaron que en las células mutantes existen mayores flujos en el ciclo del TCA, debido principalmente a un mayor aporte de carbonos provenientes del catabolismo de amino ácidos. Estas células también presentan un menor flujo en la vía de la glicólisis, lo que se correlaciona con la menor proliferación que estas presentaron, y esto último puede explicar el aumento de síntesis de proteínas.
En este trabajo se aplicaron exitosamente conceptos de Ingeniería Metabólica para la construcción de
clones con distintos metabolismos. Este trabajo revela los efectos de varias modificaciones, lo que lo hace una
fuente útil información acerca de los efectos que tienen variadas estrategias metabólicas sobre cultivos de
células CHO. Finalmente, este trabajo resulta ser un aporte para la comunidad científica contribuyendo con la
primera comparación de diferentes clones que sobre-expresan genes claves del metabolismo central del
carbono y entregando el primer estudio en profundidad del efecto de reducir la expresión del gen de la LDHa.
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Hills, Frank Adrian. "Levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein-1 in disorders of human fetal growth." Thesis, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417595.
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Nagasaki, Tadao. "Smoking attenuates the age-related decrease in IgE levels and maintains eosinophilic inflammation." Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188672.
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Kachra, Zarin. "Regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) mRNA levels in cultured rat hepatocytes." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41300.
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The liver is a major site of production of circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). We have used primary cultured rat hepatocytes maintained under serum free conditions to explore the regulatory role of various hormones on hepatic IGF-I and IGFBP-1 mRNA levels.<br>IGF-I mRNA levels were stimulated 2.0 to 2.5 fold by bovine growth hormone (bGH) and 1.8 to 2.0 fold by glucagon but on combining bGH and glucagon, a synergistic effect was observed and IGF-I mRNA level was augmented 10 to 12 fold. Octreotide blocked the hGH induced stimulation of IGF-I production in serum and hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels in hypophysectomized rats. This effect could have been partly due to the low levels of glucagon in serum when hypophysectomized rats were treated with hGH and octreotide. Octreotide was also found to inhibit GH stimulated IGF-I mRNA levels in rat hepatocytes.<br>The unique synergy observed with glucagon and bGH on IGF-I mRNA levels in hepatocytes was not reproduced by T$ sb3$, oPRL, dexamethasone, EGF or insulin when each was added in combination with bGH or glucagon. Like glucagon, the addition of IBMX or (Bu)$ sb2$cAMP stimulated IGF-I mRNA levels 1.8 to 2.0 fold, but in the presence of bGH, IGF-I mRNA levels were stimulated 10 to 12 fold. PMA stimulated IGF-I mRNA levels 1.2 to 1.4 fold but displayed no synergism when added with bGH. The stimulatory effect of bGH plus glucagon on IGF-I mRNA levels was inhibited in PKC depleted cells, in the presence of inhibitors of PKC and in the presence of cycloheximide. bGH had no posttranscriptional effect on IGF-I mRNA stability whereas glucagon or (Bu)$ sb2$cAMP stabilized IGF-I mRNA at a posttranscriptional level.<br>In summary, the major hormonal regulators of hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels appear to be GH and glucagon. Hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels are regulated by pathways involving protein kinase C and, protein kinase A as well as by synthesis of one or more protein(s).<br>Glucagon and dexamethasone each stimulated IGFBP-1 mRNA levels 3 to 4 fold whereas bGH and T$ sb3$ each inhibited IGFBP-1 mRNA levels 45 to 70%. Insulin, which inhibited IGFBP-1 mRNA levels 95%, was the most powerful inhibitor and was also found to inhibit IGFBP-1 mRNA levels in the presence of dexamethasone. IBMX and (Bu)$ sb2$cAMP stimulated IGFBP-1 mRNA levels 6 to 8 fold whereas PMA inhibited IGFBP-1 mRNA levels 40 to 50%. The inhibitory effect of bGH on IGFBP-1 mRNA levels was abolished in PKC depleted cells and also in the presence of inhibitors of PKC. In the presence of cycloheximide, IGFBP-1 mRNA was superinduced by bGH. bGH had no posttranscriptional effect on IGFBP-1 mRNA whereas glucagon and (Bu)$ sb2$cAMP stabilized IGFBP-1 mRNA at a postranscriptional level.<br>In summary, bGH, T$ sb3$ and insulin inhibited whereas dexamethasone and glucagon stimulated IGFBP-1 mRNA levels in hepatocytes. Effect of glucagon may be via elevation of cAMP levels, whereas the effect of bGH may be via activation of PKC levels. The inhibitory effect of bGH appears to require synthesis of one or more protein(s) besides stimulation of PKC levels.
Books on the topic "IgG levels"
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Mihing, Teras. Plan[n]ing educational democratization at primary level for Indonesia, 1982-1986. s.n., 1990.
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Beattie, R. Mark, Anil Dhawan, and John W.L. Puntis. Autoimmune liver disease. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0053.
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Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) 386Autoimmune hepatitis/sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome (ASC) 388In paediatrics, two forms of autoimmune liver disease are recognized: • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)• AIH/sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome (autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis, ASC).• Progressive inflammatory liver disorder, preferentially affecting females, characterized serologically by high levels of transaminases and IgG and presence of autoantibodies, and histologically by interface hepatitis in the absence of a known aetiology....
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Bathtime & Bedtime (Iggy Iguanadon: Time to Read, Level 2). Whitman & Company, Albert, 2020.
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Playtime & Mealtime (Iggy Iguanadon: Time to Read, Level 2). Whitman & Company, Albert, 2020.
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Erickson, Jennifer. Race-ing Fargo. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501751134.001.0001.
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Tracing the history of refugee settlement in Fargo, North Dakota, from the 1980s to the present day, this book focuses on the role that gender, religion, and sociality play in everyday interactions between refugees from South Sudan and Bosnia-Herzegovina and the dominant white Euro-American population of the city. The book outlines the ways in which refugees have impacted this small city over the last thirty years, showing how culture, political economy, and institutional transformations collectively contribute to the racialization of white cities like Fargo in ways that complicate their demographics. The book shows that race, religion, and decorum prove to be powerful forces determining worthiness and belonging in the city and draws attention to the different roles that state and private sectors played in shaping ideas about race and citizenship on a local level. Through the comparative study of white secular Muslim Bosnians and Black Christian Southern Sudanese, the book demonstrates how cross-cultural and transnational understandings of race, ethnicity, class, and religion shape daily citizenship practices and belonging.
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Schiff, Jack Michael *. Levels of specificity in the endocystosis and transport of IgA and asialoglycoprotein. 1986.
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Iggy Iguana's Trip (Phonics and Friends: Level a Phonics Storybook). Hampton-Brown Books, 1999.
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Rodriguez-Iturbe, Bernardo, and Mark Haas. Immunoglobulin A-dominant post-infectious glomerulonephritis. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0078_update_001.
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Immunoglobulin A (IgA)-dominant post-infectious glomerulonephritis is usually associated with infections with Staphylococcus aureus. It is most commonly seen in patients over 60, and particularly in men. The renal lesion is acute and severe, and commonly includes crescent formation, although the described histological features vary widely. IgA is the dominant immunoglobulin and in later phases when capillary deposits are resolving it may be impossible to distinguish the condition from IgA nephropathy without the use of electron microscopy. Diabetes appears to be a risk factor. Complement levels are frequently low but may be normal. Clinically there is often severe nephrotic syndrome and hypertension may be less prominent.
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Jürimäe, Jaak. Hormones and training. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0033.
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Physical exercise regulates energy balance and is important to growth and maturation. These processes are regulated by the endocrine system. Endocrine mechanisms in the response to sport training include growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH-IGF-1), hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes, and peripheral markers of energy homeostasis. Physical performance is associated with anabolic adaptations of the GH-IGF-1 system in child athletes alongside spontaneous growth, while heavy training does not affect basal testosterone levels. In female adolescent athletes, the major factor altering reproductive hormone secretion is energy deficiency, rather than exercise stress or increase in exercise energy expenditure. Ghrelin is another indicator of energy imbalance across the menstrual cycle. Pubertal onset decreases ghrelin, and leptin levels are reduced and may remain unchanged between prepuberty and maturation in athletes. To better understand the influence of high training load on hormonal markers responsible for overall growth and energy homeostasis, growing athletes should be monitored often.
Book chapters on the topic "IgG levels"
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Heller, W., G. Fuhrer, M. J. Gallimore, D. Gulba, and H. E. Hoffmeister. "Levels of IgA, IgM, IgG and Complement Components during Extracorporal Circulation." In Kinins IV. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0154-8_51.
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Norhagen, G., P. E. Engström, L. Hammarström, M. Jonsson, and C. I. E. Smith. "IgM and IgG levels in serum and saliva do not correlate to susceptibility of upper respiratory tract infections of HLA in individuals with selective IgA deficiency." In Advances in Mucosal Immunology. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1848-1_150.
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Hoch, Alexandra S. H., Kerstin Zörner, Stefanie Kattenbach, et al. "A New System for the Enrichment of Cell Subclones Secreting High Levels of IgG Using Magnetic Cell Sorting (MACS® Technology)." In Cells and Culture. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3419-9_134.
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Diment, J. A., J. Tyrrell, and J. Brown. "Measurement of anti-HBc IgM levels using the Amerlite anti-HBc IgM assay." In Chronically Evolving Viral Hepatitis. Springer Vienna, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-5633-9_26.
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Amato, M., P. Hüppi, and D. Markus. "Surfactant therapy and IgE levels in the neonatal period." In The Surfactant System of the Lung. Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12553-1_25.
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Yallop, C., M. Raamsman, M. Zuijderwijk, et al. "High Level Production of Recombinant IgG in the Human Cell Line PER.C6™." In Animal Cell Technology Meets Genomics. Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3103-3_105.
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Nishie, Toshikazu, Osamu Miyaishi, Haruhito Azuma, et al. "Development of IgA Nephropathy-Like Disease with High Serum IgA Levels and Increased Proportion of Polymeric IgA in Β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase-Deficient Mice." In Contributions to Nephrology. KARGER, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000102453.
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García-Mayor, R. V. G., L. F. Pérez Mendez, C. Páramo, R. Luna, and A. Andrade. "Relationship Between GH Response to Stimuli, Levels of IGF-1, and Final Height." In Endocrine Disorders in Thalassemia. Springer Milan, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2183-9_17.
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Li, Guojun, Yuting Lin, Fengfeng Shi, Jialin Liu, Yuting Yang, and Junwen Shi. "Using IGS RTS Products for Real-Time Subnanosecond Level Time Transfer." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0005-9_40.
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Chevallier, A., V. Rohmer, J. P. St Andre, G. Renier, N. Barbot, and D. Hurez. "High polyclonal levels of IgA found in a patient with a severe malabsorption syndrome." In Advances in Mucosal Immunology. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1848-1_285.
Full textConference papers on the topic "IgG levels"
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Cunningham-Rundles, C., J. Bussel, and A. Lipscombs. "CHANGES IN ANTI-CARD10LIPIN ANTIBODY TITER IN SERA OF I TP PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643924.
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Antibodies to cardiolipin have previously been demonstrated in the sera of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP). We questioned whether the levels of anti-cardiolipin in the sera of patients with ITP would be altered after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVGG). Using flexible polyvinyl chloride microtiter plates coated with bovine cardiolipin, we measured IgG and IgM anti-cardio1ipin levels by ELISA before and at multiple intervals during and after IVGG treatment for 17 patients who had ITP. We found that within 7-10 days of treatment, 16 of 17 patients had further increases of IgG anti-cardiolipin antibody. This is probably due to the infusion of IVGG concentrates, which we found contained substantial amounts of IgG anti-cardio1ipin. Increases in platelet counts had significant correlation with increased IgG anti-cardio1ipin (p>0.01), presumably also due to the infusion of IVGG. Surprisingly, 16 of 17 patients had a marked increase in serum levels of IgM anti-cardiolipin 7-10 days post IVGG treatment. Since IVGG does not contain IgM anti-cardiolipin and our assay is specific for this isotype, this antibody represents de novo synthesis. We previously reported and have also confirmed here, that 16 of these 17 patients had increased serum IgM levels after IVGG treatment. The increase in serum IgM anti-cardio1ipin antibody may explain part of the increased total serum IgM observed. IVGG has been believed to be potentially suppressive of various immunologic activities; our data shows that immunologic stimulation also occurs. The biologic effect of increased serum IgG and IgM anti-cardiol ipin after IVGG treatment in ITP, particularly since cardiolipin may be a constituent of platelet membranes, is still uncertain.
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Harris, EN, RA Asherson, E. Baguley, M. Ridley, and GRV Hughes. "A STANDARD ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN (aCL) TEST: USEFULNESS IN IDENTIFICATION OF THE ANTI-PHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644235.
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Some, but not all, patients with the lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibodies are prone to thrombosis, fetal loss and thrombocytopenia. It will be important to identify the particular sub-group of patients with anti-phospholipid (aPL) antibodies most subject to these clinical disorders. A preliminary study has shown that the level of IgG aCL antibody is predicitive for thrombosis, fetal loss, and thrombocytopenia but it will be difficult to substantiate (or refute) these findings unless there is a uniform system to measure aCL antibody levels.Five test sera with defined IgG and IgM aCL levels are currently available to laboratories wishing to standardise the aCL test. The concentrations of aCL in these sera cover the full sensitive range of aCL solid phase assays. Using these. 5 test sera to calibrate our assay system, sera from 3000 patients were analysed: 1400 healthy adults and 1600 consecutive patients with autoimmune disorders. All sera from healthy adults had aCL levels below 10GPL (IgG aCL) or below 10MPL (IgM aCL) units. Of the 1600 autoimmune patients, 115 had levels above 5 GPL and/ or 5MPL units. More than 2/3 of patients with IgG aCL levels above 20 GPL units (30 patients) had thrombosis or fetal loss, but the frequency of these disorders decreased in the 10-20 GPL and 5-10 GPL unit groups. Of the 9 patients with IgM aCL levels above 15 MPL units, 6 had thrombosis or fetal loss.The availability of reference sera to measure IgG and IgM aCL antibody levels may better enable multicenter studies to be performed. A relatively uniform system of measurement may also enable easier identification and management of patients with the anti-phospholipid syndrome.
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Novikova, L. I., S. S. Bochkareva, A. V. Aleshkin, et al. "DYNAMICS OF ANTIBODIES TO VARIOUS ANTIGENS OF THE SARS-COV-2 CORONAVIRUS IN PATIENTS WITH CONFIRMED COVID-19 INFECTION." In Molecular Diagnostics and Biosafety. Federal Budget Institute of Science 'Central Research Institute for Epidemiology', 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/978-5-9900432-9-9-159.
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Presence of IgG and IgM antibodies in venous blood of 76 patients with confirmed presence of SARS-CoV-2 was determined. The study was carried out by ELISA using Russian test systems. Revealed different levels of IgM antibodies to N-protein and RBD (receptor binding domain of the Spike protein). The level of IgM to RBD did not reach high values, while the level of IgM to N-protein sharply increased in a short period of time to high values by the 3rd week of the disease and decreased only by the 8th week. The dynamics of IgG antibodies to the whole virion antigen and the recombinant spikes was similar, reaching high values at 4-5 weeks of the disease, however, the dynamics of IgG to the N-protein differed, showing a slight increase by the 1st week of the disease and a low level throughout the entire period of observation. Different dynamics of production of IgG and IgM antibodies to N-protein and RBD were noted. The amount of IgM to the N-protein increased sharply and reached a high level, while the amount of IgG increased smoothly and did not show a high level. The opposite picture was observed for antibodies to RBD. The characteristic dynamics of IgG, measured using test systems withsorbed whole virion or recombinant spike proteins, suggests duration of the disease
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Schulte, L., F. Arnold, F. Siegel, et al. "Serum IgG4 levels outperform IgG4/IgG RNA ratio in differential diagnosis of IgG4-related disease." In DGVS Digital: BEST OF DGVS. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1716155.
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Köhler-Vajita, K., L. Grütler, and F. Bidlingmaier. "Immunoglobulins of HIV positive and negative haemophiliac children treated with different concentrates." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644138.
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Aim of this investigation is the quantitative comparison of theimmunoglobulins G, A, M in haemophiliac children treated with different types of factor VIII concentrates.Patients and methodsSince May 1984 22 patients with haemophiliaA were investigated. Instead of the more often analysed parameterof the cellular immunity now we want to draw the attention to the immunoglobuline values, especiallyof the HIV negative group of patients treated exclusively with Haemate HS Behringwerke in comparison with other differently treated HIV positive and negative patients.Results The group of patients treated exclusively with Haemate HS Behringwerke (in solution heatsterilized) shows completely normal immunolobuline levels and a safe HIV negativity.Patients treated with conventional, later with heat treated (inlyophilized form) concentrates can be divided into HIV positive and negative groups. HIV positive heamophiliacs show pathological IgG and border line IgA and IgM values. HIV negative patients have IgG, A levels within the normal limits -but clearly higher than the Haemate group. A correlation withliver enzyme status (hepatitis B, NANB) could not be found.
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Fujisawa, Y., I. Mizushima, S. Tsuge, et al. "THU0579 Hypocomplementemia is related to elevated serum levels of IGG subclasses other than IGG4 in IGG4-related kidney disease." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.4257.
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Alving, B. M., and C. F. Barr. "THE DILUTE PH0SPH0LIPID-APTT:EVALUATION OFSPECIFICITY FOR ANTIBODIES AGAINST CARDIOLIPIN AND PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644232.
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The dilute phospholipid-APTT (PL-APTT) has been used to detect lupus anticoagulants, but its specificity for antibodies to negatively-charged phospholipids has not been assessed. The current study determined what percent of plasmas with a positive PL-APTT contained antibodies (IgG or IgM) to cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylserine (PS). The PL-APTT was performed by mixing patient plasma with normal plasma and measuring the clotting time in an APTT that contained increasing dilutions of Thrombofax (Alving et al. , Thromb. Haemostas. 54:709, 1985). A positive test gave a negative slope at least twice that of a normal plasma-buffer control. Sera were tested for anti-CL and anti-PS antibodies at a 1:100 dilution in a solid-phase ELISA that contained PS or CL in microtiter plates and antiserum to human IgG or IgM. A result that was >2 S. D. above mean values obtained for sera from 64 normal individuals was considered positive. Sera were studied from 25 patients with a positive PL-APTT; plasma from one patient had a normal APTT and correction studies for prolonged APTTs were normal in 3 plasmas. The patients' illnesses included systemic lupus erythematosus, bacterial infections, or use of procainamide; only one had a history of thrombosis. The table lists the percent of patient sera having the indicated antibodies.The one plasma with the normal APTT and positive PL-APTT had elevated levels of IgM directed against CL and PS. The correlation coefficient between levels of IgM against CL and PS, or between levels of IgG against CL and PS, was >0.95. There was no correlation between the extent of prolongation of the APTT and the class or potency of antibodies to CL and PS. The data indicate that the dilute PL-APTT, which may be positive in plasmas with a minimal or no prolongation of the APTT, has high specificity in detection of anti-CL and anti-PS antibodies.
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Campos, M., L. Santos, J. Lobato, C. Melo, and B. Justica. "HTLV III/LAV ANTIBODY STATUS, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES IN A HEMOPHILIC POPULATION FROM PORTUGAL Campos." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644143.
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An immunological study in a population of 46 hemophiliacs (A and B)under replacement therapy mainly with cryo, plasma and eventually withccmercial concentrates was carried out to detect changes related to HTLV III infection and those due totreatment. We followed the patients during 85-87 and we evaluate the abnormalities over a period of 2 years . Methods. Ig's (nephelometry): total lymphocytes, T3, T4, T8 subsets and B cells (IF microcopy):delayed hypersensivity skin tests (DHST) ,7 antigens: serology for HTLV III (ELISA and WB) (β 2 microglobulin (ELISA) Results. In 85,10 patients had anti HTLV III(28%) and all these received concentrates.9 out 46 had never been treated with concentrates and all were negative for HTLV III . Most of the HTLV III +ve patients showed lymphopenia, low T4 and total B cells, anergy or depressed DHST,increase Ig levels, mainly IgG and IgM. Among the HILV -ve patients there were no significant diferences between tose treated withconcentrates and most showed only an increased Ig's levels (IgG and IgM During 85 and 86 all the patients were treated with plasma, cryo and heat-treated concentrates. In the end of 86 none of the seronegative showed seroconversion. Among the 10 seropositives in 85,1 died (AIDS) ,1 is in ARC and 8 are ssymptomatic . All theseroposi tive patients shows high levels of β2 microglobulin.Conclusions . The low incidence of seropositivity for HTLV III,is probably due to the scarce use of comercial concentrates before 85. The absence of seroconversion despite the use of heat-treated concentrates is probably due to the safe of the product s. We must emphazise the absence of clinical symptoms in 8 seropositive patientsduring two years. There is a positive correlation between the level of (β2 microgldbulin and the seropositivity. Theimmunological profile observed is related more to the parenteraladministration of blood products thanto the specific composition and/or method of preparation of the therapeutic products. The serological profile from the HTLV III +ve patients isprobably a result of the administration in the past of comercial concentrates virus infected.
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Wisnewski, Adam V., Meredith H. Stowe, David DeCamp, Christopher R. Kleinsmith, and Carrie A. Redlich. "Biomonitoring Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) Exposure Based On Serum Levels Of HDI-Specific IgG." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3221.
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Lawandowski, K., K. Zawilska, M. Komarnicki, and M. Zozulińsks. "PLATELET ASSOCIATED IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN PATIENTS WITH NON - HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMAS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643196.
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Levels of platelet associated IgG and IgM were studied in 42 patients with non-Hodgkin'a lymphomas / NHL / using rocket inaunoelectrophore8i8 in agarose gel . Twenty percent of patients with NHL had elevated PAIgG and fifty percent had elevated PAIgM levels.Both PAIgG and PAIgM ware strongly correlated with the extend of disease . When patients with NHL and elevated PAIgM levels were treated by chemotherapy , PAIgM levels normalized aa tumor load diminished . No similar correlation axsited between response to the therapy and levels of PAIgG in patients with NHL. These data suggest that PAIgM may be useful as a marker for disease activity and may be an early indicator of relapse when measured periodicaly in patients who have completed therapy.
Reports on the topic "IgG levels"
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Mackey, Katherine, Irina Arkhipova-Jenkins, Charlotte Armstrong, et al. Antibody Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Immunity: A Rapid Living Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccovidimmunity.
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Evidence suggests that the majority of adults develop detectable levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies following infection with SARS-CoV-2 (moderate strength of evidence* [SoE]). IgM levels peak approximately 20 days after symptom onset or RT-PCR diagnosis and subsequently decline. IgG levels peak approximately 25 days after symptom onset or RT-PCR diagnosis and may remain detectable for at least 120 days (moderate SoE*). Almost all adults develop neutralizing antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and these antibodies may remain detectable for at least 152 days (low SoE*). A small percentage of people do not develop antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection for reasons that are largely unclear but may be related to less severe disease or absence of symptoms. Antibody prevalence does not appear to vary by age or sex, but older age may be associated with higher antibody levels (low SoE*). Non-White race may be associated with higher antibody prevalence and levels (low SoE*). COVID-19 severity and presence of symptoms may also be associated with higher antibody prevalence or levels (low SoE*). More evidence is needed to draw stronger conclusions regarding how the antibody response varies by patient characteristics and disease factors. Studies to date have not established the relationship between the development of antibodies after RT-PCR-diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of reinfection. Studies based on index serologic testing suggest that the presence of antibodies is associated with a lower risk of a subsequent positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test.
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Arendell, Leslie, and Zhao Chen. Relationship between Mammographic Density and IGF Levels Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Women. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada467557.
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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Germany. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrde.2020.12.
Full textAbstract:
This report outlines in detail the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Germany. To do this, the report utilised indicators of: youth population; youth employment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characte-risation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central criterion, enabling proportional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail. The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the in-dicators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets. The analyses show that the rural youth population aged 15 to 24 years significantly increa-sed between 2009 and 2012 and then decreased slightly until 2019. The youth employment rate in Germany is generally increasing, and is at all times significantly higher in rural areas than in cities, towns and suburbs. The reverse trend applies to youth unemployment, which generally decreased in the observed period and which is at all times lowest in rural areas. A look at educational attainment levels showed a slight decline in rural areas of low educated persons between 2009 and 2019, while the proportion of rural youth with medium and high education slightly increased. At the same time, the proportion of early school leavers in rural areas after an increase until 2011, fell sharply and reached the 2009 level again by 2019. Be-ing 9% in 2019, it remains, at least in rural areas, slightly below the 10% target defined by the Europe 2020 strategy. Finally, the proportion of NEETs in Germany is lower in rural areas in all age classes and as a whole decreased significantly from 2009 to 2019.