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Journal articles on the topic 'In-Situ Calibration'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Yidong Tan, Yidong Tan, ZhaoLi Zeng ZhaoLi Zeng, ShuLian Zhang ShuLian Zhang, Peng Zhang Peng Zhang, and Hao Chen Hao Chen. "Method for in situ calibration of multiple feedback interferometers." Chinese Optics Letters 11, no. 10 (2013): 102601–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.102601.

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2

Kobusch, M., and L. Klaus. "In-situ dynamic force calibration using impact hammers." ACTA IMEKO 9, no. 5 (2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i5.952.

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This paper presents experimental investigations of in-situ dynamic force calibrations in which an impact hammer provides the dynamic reference force. Here, the force transducer to be calibrated remains in the original mechanical structure of the force measurement application to which calibration shock forces are applied in a suitable way. Numerous experiments with different force transducer set-ups and different impact hammer configurations were conducted to validate this in- situ calibration method. The paper describes the analysis of the measurement data and presents the force transfer functions obtained. Finally, these dynamic calibration results are discussed.

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3

Marusenkov, A., A. Chambodut, J. J. Schott, and V. Korepanov. "Observatory Magnetometer In-Situ Calibration." Data Science Journal 10 (2011): IAGA102—IAGA108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2481/dsj.iaga-17.

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4

Detchev, Ivan, Ayman Habib, Mehdi Mazaheri, and Derek Lichti. "Practical In Situ Implementation of a Multicamera Multisystem Calibration." Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5351863.

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Consumer-grade cameras are generally low-cost and available off-the-shelf, so having multicamera photogrammetric systems for 3D reconstruction is both financially feasible and practical. Such systems can be deployed in many different types of applications: infrastructure health monitoring, cultural heritage documentation, bio-medicine, as-built surveys, and indoor or outdoor mobile mapping for example. A geometric system calibration is usually necessary before a data acquisition mission in order for the results to have optimal accuracy. A typical system calibration must address the estimation of both the interior and the exterior, or relative, orientation parameters for each camera in the system. This article reviews different ways of performing a calibration of a photogrammetric system consisting of multiple cameras. It then proposes a methodology for the simultaneous estimation of both the interior and the relative orientation parameters which can work in several different types of scenarios including a multicamera multisystem calibration. A rigorous in situ system calibration was successfully implemented and tested. The same algorithm is able to handle the equivalent to a traditional-style bundle adjustment, that is, a network solution without constraints, for a single or multicamera calibrations, and the proposed bundle adjustment with built-in relative orientation constraints for the calibration of a system or multiple systems of cameras.

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5

Wüest, M. "Calibration of in-situ plasma instruments." Advances in Space Research 32, no. 11 (2003): 2335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(03)90562-x.

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6

Luker, L. D., and S. E. Forsythe. "In situ calibration of sonar arrays." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 114, no. 4 (2003): 2321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4780981.

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7

Bastawros, A. F., and A. S. Voloshin. "In situ calibration of stress chips." IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology 13, no. 4 (1990): 888–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/33.62535.

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8

Lombardo, S., D. Küsters, M. Kowalski, et al. "SCALA: In situ calibration for integral field spectrographs." Astronomy & Astrophysics 607 (November 2017): A113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731076.

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Aims. The scientific yield of current and future optical surveys is increasingly limited by systematic uncertainties in the flux calibration. This is the case for type Ia supernova (SN Ia) cosmology programs, where an improved calibration directly translates into improved cosmological constraints. Current methodology rests on models of stars. Here we aim to obtain flux calibration that is traceable to state-of-the-art detector-based calibration. Methods. We present the SNIFS Calibration Apparatus (SCALA), a color (relative) flux calibration system developed for the SuperNova integral field spectrograph (SNIFS), operating at the University of Hawaii 2.2 m (UH 88) telescope. Results. By comparing the color trend of the illumination generated by SCALA during two commissioning runs, and to previous laboratory measurements, we show that we can determine the light emitted by SCALA with a long-term repeatability better than 1%. We describe the calibration procedure necessary to control for system aging. We present measurements of the SNIFS throughput as estimated by SCALA observations. Conclusions. The SCALA calibration unit is now fully deployed at the UH 88 telescope, and with it color-calibration between 4000 Å and 9000 Å is stable at the percent level over a one-year baseline.

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9

Senn, J. A., J. P. Mills, P. E. Miller, et al. "ON-SITE GEOMETRIC CALIBRATION OF THERMAL AND OPTICAL SENSORS FOR UAS PHOTOGRAMMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2020 (August 6, 2020): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2020-355-2020.

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Abstract. UAS imagery has become a widely used source of information in geomorphic research. When photogrammetric methods are applied to quantify geomorphic change, camera calibration is essential to ensure accuracy of the image measurements. Insufficient self-calibration based on survey data can induce systematic errors that can cause DEM deformations. The typically low geometric stability of consumer grade sensors necessitates in-situ calibration, as the reliability of a lab based calibration can be affected by transport. In this research a robust on-site workflow is proposed that allows the time-efficient and repeatable calibration of thermal and optical sensors at the same time. A stone building was utilised as calibration object with TLS scans for reference. The approach was applied to calculate eight separate camera calibrations using two sensors (DJI Phantom 4 Pro and Workswell WIRIS pro), two software solutions (Vision Measurement System (VMS) and Agisoft Metashape) and two different subsets of images per sensor. The presented results demonstrate that the approach is suitable to determine camera parameters for pre-calibrating photogrammetric surveys.

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10

Kuha, Jonna, Marko Järvinen, Pauliina Salmi, and Juha Karjalainen. "Calibration of in situ chlorophyll fluorometers for organic matter." Hydrobiologia 847, no. 21 (2019): 4377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04086-z.

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AbstractOrganic matter (OM) other than living phytoplankton is known to affect fluorometric in situ assessments of chlorophyll in lakes. For this reason, calibrating fluorometric measurements for OM error is important. In this study, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence was measured in situ in multiple Finnish lakes using two sondes equipped with Chl fluorometers (ex.470/em.650–700 nm). OM absorbance (A420) was measured from water samples, and one of the two sondes was also equipped with in situ fluorometer for OM (ex.350/em.430 nm). The sonde with Chl and OM fluorometers was also deployed continuously on an automated water quality monitoring station on Lake Konnevesi. For data from multiple lakes, inclusion of water colour estimates into the calibration model improved the predictability of Chl assessments markedly. When OM absorbance or in situ OM fluorescence was used in the calibration model, predictability between the in situ Chl and laboratory Chl a assessments was also enhanced. However, correction was not superior to the one done with the water colour estimate. Our results demonstrated that correction with water colour assessments or in situ measurements of OM fluorescence offers practical means to overcome the variation due to OM when assessing Chl in humic lakes in situ.

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11

Kit, E., A. Cherkassky, T. Sant, and H. J. S. Fernando. "In Situ Calibration of Hot-Film Probes Using a Collocated Sonic Anemometer: Implementation of a Neural Network." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 27, no. 1 (2010): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jtecha1320.1.

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Abstract Although the integral quantities of atmospheric turbulence are conveniently measured using sonic anemometers, obtaining relevant finescale variables such as the kinetic energy dissipation using conventional hot-film/wire techniques remains a challenge because of two main difficulties. The first difficulty is the mean wind variability, which causes violation of the requirement that mean winds have a specific alignment with the hot-film/wire probe. To circumvent this problem, a combination of collocated sonic and hot-film anemometers, with the former measuring mean winds and aligning the latter in the appropriate wind direction via an automated platform, is successfully designed and implemented. The second difficulty is the necessity of frequent and onerous calibrations akin to hot-film anemometry that lead to logistical difficulties during outdoor (field) measurements. This is addressed by employing sonic measurements to calibrate the hot films in the same combination, with the output (velocity) to input (voltage) transfer function for the hot film derived using a neural network (NN) model. The NN is trained using low-pass-filtered hot-film and sonic data taken in situ. This new hot-film calibration procedure is compared with the standard calibration method based on an external calibrator. It is inferred that the sonic-based NN method offers great potential as an alternative to laborious standard calibration techniques, particularly in the laboratory and in stable atmospheric boundary layer settings. The NN approximation technique is found to be superior to the conventionally used polynomial fitting methods when used in conjunction with unevenly spaced calibration velocity data generated by sonic anemometers.

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12

Delaine, Florentin, Bérengère Lebental, and Hervé Rivano. "Framework for the Simulation of Sensor Networks Aimed at Evaluating In Situ Calibration Algorithms." Sensors 20, no. 16 (2020): 4577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164577.

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The drastically increasing availability of low-cost sensors for environmental monitoring has fostered a large interest in the literature. One particular challenge for such devices is the fast degradation over time of the quality of their data. Therefore, the instruments require frequent calibrations. Traditionally, this operation is carried out on each sensor in dedicated laboratories. This is not economically sustainable for dense networks of low-cost sensors. An alternative that has been investigated is in situ calibration: exploiting the properties of the sensor network, the instruments are calibrated while staying in the field and preferably without any physical intervention. The literature indicates there is wide variety of in situ calibration strategies depending on the type of sensor network deployed. However, there is a lack for a systematic benchmark of calibration algorithms. In this paper, we propose the first framework for the simulation of sensor networks enabling a systematic comparison of in situ calibration strategies with reproducibility, and scalability. We showcase it on a primary test case applied to several calibration strategies for blind and static sensor networks. The performances of calibration are shown to be tightly related to the deployment of the network itself, the parameters of the algorithm and the metrics used to evaluate the results. We study the impact of the main modelling choices and adjustments of parameters in our framework and highlight their influence on the results of the calibration algorithms. We also show how our framework can be used as a tool for the design of a network of low-cost sensors.

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13

Gonsette, Alexandre, Jean Rasson, and François Humbled. "In situ vector calibration of magnetic observatories." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 6, no. 2 (2017): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-361-2017.

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Abstract. The goal of magnetic observatories is to measure and provide a vector magnetic field in a geodetic coordinate system. For that purpose, instrument set-up and calibration are crucial. In particular, the scale factor and orientation of a vector magnetometer may affect the magnetic field measurement. Here, we highlight the baseline concept and demonstrate that it is essential for data quality control. We show how the baselines can highlight a possible calibration error. We also provide a calibration method based on high-frequency absolute measurements. This method determines a transformation matrix for correcting variometer data suffering from scale factor and orientation errors. We finally present a practical case where recovered data have been successfully compared to those coming from a reference magnetometer.

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14

Withnell, Robert H., Patricia S. Jeng, Kelly Waldvogel, Kari Morgenstein, and Jont B. Allen. "An in situ calibration for hearing thresholds." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 125, no. 3 (2009): 1605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3075551.

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15

Gabrielson, Thomas B. "In‐situ calibration of infrasound array elements." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129, no. 4 (2011): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3588002.

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16

Hendel, H. W., R. W. Palladino, Cris W. Barnes, et al. "In situ calibration of TFTR neutron detectors." Review of Scientific Instruments 61, no. 7 (1990): 1900–1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141115.

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17

Hiipakka, Marko, and Ville Pulkki. "Individual in-situ calibration of insert headphones." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (2013): 3542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806408.

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18

Joyce, Terrence M. "On In Situ “Calibration” of Shipboard ADCPs." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 6, no. 1 (1989): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1989)006<0169:oisosa>2.0.co;2.

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19

Siegel, M., and T. Ault. "In situ calibration for quantitative ultrasonic imaging." IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 1, no. 3 (1998): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5289.706019.

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20

Albright, L. D., I. Seginer, L. S. Marsh, and A. Oko. "In situ thermal calibration of unventilated greenhouses." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 31, no. 3 (1985): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8634(85)90093-9.

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21

Hall, M. G., H. E. Fleming, M. J. Dolan, S. F. D. Millbank, and J. P. Paul. "Static in situ calibration of force plates." Journal of Biomechanics 29, no. 5 (1996): 659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(95)00109-3.

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22

Ruprecht, JK, and NJ Schofield. "In situ neutron moisture meter calibration in lateritic soils." Soil Research 28, no. 2 (1990): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9900153.

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An in situ calibration procedure for complex lateritic soils of the jarrah forest of Western Australia is described. The calibration is based on non-destructive sampling of each access tube and on a regression of change in water content on change in neutron count ratio at 'wet' and 'dry' times of the year. Calibration equations with adequate precision were produced. ever, there were high residual errors in the calibration equations which were due to a number of factors including soil water variability, the presence of a duricrust layer, soil sampling of gravelly soils and the variability of the cement slurry annulus surrounding each access tube. The calibration equations derived did not compare well with those from other studies in south-west Western Australia, but there was reasonable agreement with the general equations obtained by the Institute of Hydrology, U.K.

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23

Michaud, Mathias, Francesco Ornano, Nafiz Chowdhury, and Thomas Povey. "Methodology for High-Accuracy Infrared Calibration in Environments with Through-Wall Heat Flux." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 4 (April 1, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/118091.

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This paper describes a new method for accurate in situ infrared (IR) calibration in environments with significant through-wall heat flux and surface temperature non-uniformity. In the context of turbine research environments, conventional approaches for in situ IR calibrations rely on thermocouples embedded in the surface or bonded to the surface using an adhesive layer. A review of the literature points to lack of emphasis on the uncertainty in the calibration arising from the effect of the adhesive substrate and paint on the temperature measured by the thermocouple, namely that under diabatic conditions (i.e. with through-wall heat flux) the measured temperature deviates from the true surface temperature. We present a systematic study of the sensitivity of the thermocouple temperature to installation conditions seen in typical laboratory IR calibration arrangements, and under realistic conditions of through-wall heat flux. A new technique is proposed that improves the calibration accuracy by reducing the difference between the thermocouple measurement and the external wall temperature seen by the infrared camera. The new technique has the additional advantage of reducing the uncertainty associated with selecting an appropriate pixel in the IR image, by providing a region with greater temperature uniformity especially in environments with significant underlying lateral surface temperature variation. The new approach is experimentally demonstrated and compared to more conventional measurement techniques on a heavily film-cooled nozzle guide vane assembly operated at highly engine-representative conditions. The proposed technique is demonstrated to significantly improve the measurement accuracy for IR in situ calibrations in environment with through-wall heat flux and surface temperature non-uniformity.

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24

Yu, Yuebin, and Haorong Li. "Virtual in-situ calibration method in building systems." Automation in Construction 59 (November 2015): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2015.08.003.

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25

Goldberg, Saryn R., Thomas M. Kepple, and Steven J. Stanhope. "In Situ Calibration and Motion Capture Transformation Optimization Improve Instrumented Treadmill Measurements." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 25, no. 4 (2009): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.25.4.401.

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We increased the accuracy of an instrumented treadmill’s measurement of center of pressure and force data by calibrating in situ and optimizing the transformation between the motion capture and treadmill force plate coordinate systems. We calibrated the device in situ by applying known vertical and shear loads at known locations across the tread surface and calculating a 6 × 6 calibration matrix for the 6 output forces and moments. To optimize the transformation, we first estimated the transformation based on a locating jig and then measured center-of-pressure error across the treadmill force plate using the CalTester tool. We input these data into an optimization scheme to find the transformation between the motion capture and treadmill force plate coordinate systems that minimized the error in the center-of-pressure measurements derived from force plate and motion capture sources. When the calibration and transformation optimizations were made, the average measured error in the center of pressure was reduced to approximately 1 mm when the treadmill was stationary and to less than 3 mm when moving. Using bilateral gait data, we show the importance of calibrating these devices in situ and performing transformation optimizations.

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26

Minařík, R., and J. Langhammer. "RAPID RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION OF MULTIPLE CAMERA ARRAY USING IN-SITU DATA FOR UAV MULTISPECTRAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W17 (November 29, 2019): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w17-209-2019.

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Abstract. This study compares two possible radiometric calibration approaches of Tetracam μMCA Snap multispectral camera using the Dark offset subtraction and Look-Up Table (LUT) methods. A laboratory-based calibration using correction images taken under the controlled conditions was compared with a rapid in-situ based calibration featuring correction images taken during the field campaign. The hypothesis was that the accuracy of in-situ calibration could be comparable with the laboratory calibration, and thus could replace it and simplify the radiometric calibration process. The accuracy of calibration approaches was assessed by comparison of three validation targets reflectance values extracted from corrected UAV images based on laboratory and in-situ calibration with a reference spectroscopy measurement. The results of the field experiment showed that both calibration approaches led to significant accuracy improvement compared to raw data. The vignetting correction using resulted in a significant reduction of the Coefficient of variation by half in all bands and overall equalizing the DNs on the selected diagonal profile. The NRMSEs after processing all corrections ranged from 0.24 to 3.40%. Although the statistical testing revealed slightly better agreement of laboratory calibrated reflectance with reference data, the accuracy of in-situ calibration is sufficient, because the accuracy improvement quantified by the NRMSE is 2–10 times better using both calibration approaches compared to raw data than the NRMSE differences between them. These findings make the proposed in-situ approach usable for various environmental studies featuring UAV multispectral photogrammetry.

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27

Stark, Alexander, Benjamin Rohrdantz, Ulf Johannsen, and Arne F. Jacob. "In-situ probes for patch antenna array calibration." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, no. 3 (2011): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078711000316.

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A novel calibration network for patch antennas is proposed. We introduce magnetically coupled in-situ probes, which excite the fundamental patch mode. In that way, finite array effects and mutual coupling are taken into account, providing the opportunity for accurate online calibration of active antenna terminals. The specific advantages of the approach are demonstrated for linearly polarized patch antennas. Realization aspects of the multilayer antenna are discussed and the effect of some fabrication imperfections are investigated. Measured S-parameters as well as radiation simulation results of a single patch with the integrated probes are presented. Based on simulation of antenna arrays with in-situ probes the calibration accuracy is given in theory.

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28

Medić, T., H. Kuhlmann, and C. Holst. "AUTOMATIC IN-SITU SELF-CALIBRATION OF A PANORAMIC TLS FROM A SINGLE STATION USING 2D KEYPOINTS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W5 (May 29, 2019): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w5-413-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) measurements are unavoidably affected by systematic influences due to internal misalignments. The magnitude of the resulting errors can exceed the magnitude of random errors significantly deteriorating the quality of the obtained point clouds. Hence, the task of calibrating TLSs is important for applications with high demands regarding accuracy. In recent years, multiple in-situ self-calibration approaches were derived allowing the successful estimation of up-to-date calibration parameters. These approaches rely either on using manually placed targets or on using man-made geometric objects found in surroundings. Herein, we widen the existing toolbox with an alternative approach for panoramic TLSs, for the cases where such prerequisites cannot be met. We build upon the existing target-based two-face calibration method by substituting targets with precisely localized 2D keypoints, i.e. local features, detected in panoramic intensity images using the Förstner operator. To overcome the detriment of the perspective change on the feature localization accuracy, we estimate the majority of the relevant calibration parameters from a single station. The approach is verified on real data obtained with the Leica ScanStation P20. The obtained results were tested against the affirmed target-based two-face self-calibration. Analysis proved that the estimated calibration parameters are directly comparable both in the terms of parameter precision and correlation. In the end, we employ an effective evaluation procedure for testing the impact of the calibration results on the point cloud quality.</p>

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29

Liu, Tianshu, and John P. Sullivan. "In Situ Calibration Uncertainty of Pressure-Sensitive Paint." AIAA Journal 41, no. 11 (2003): 2300–2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.6826.

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30

Lane, John E., Takis Kasparis, Philip T. Metzger, and W. Linwood Jones. "In situ disdrometer calibration using multiple DSD moments." Acta Geophysica 62, no. 6 (2014): 1450–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11600-014-0237-2.

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31

Herzog, W., E. M. Hasler, and T. R. Leonard. "In-situ calibration of the implantable force transducer." Journal of Biomechanics 29, no. 12 (1996): 1649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(96)80020-0.

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32

Suh, Jun-Kyo Francis, Inchan Youn, and Freddie H. Fu. "An in situ calibration of an ultrasound transducer:." Journal of Biomechanics 34, no. 10 (2001): 1347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00088-4.

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33

Wu, Sijin, Lianqing Zhu, Qibo Feng, and Lianxiang Yang. "Digital shearography with in situ phase shift calibration." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 50, no. 9 (2012): 1260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2012.03.011.

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34

Zhang, Shizhou, Satoshi Kiyono, and Yutaka Uda. "Nanoradian angle sensor and in situ self-calibration." Applied Optics 37, no. 19 (1998): 4154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.37.004154.

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35

Uchida, Hiroshi, Takeshi Kawano, Ikuo Kaneko, and Masao Fukasawa. "In Situ Calibration of Optode-Based Oxygen Sensors." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25, no. 12 (2008): 2271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jtecho549.1.

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Abstract Eleven optode-based oxygen sensors were used for shipboard hydrographic casts in the North Pacific. Oxygen data from the optode sensors were compared with high-quality oxygen data obtained with discrete water samples, and the performance of the sensors was evaluated. The response of the sensing foil of the optode decreases with increasing ambient pressure, and this pressure effect was found to decrease the response by 3.2% (1000 dbar)−1. A new calibration equation for the optode sensors was proposed. On the basis of oxygen data from water samples, the optode sensors were calibrated so that the reproducibility was less than 1%. High-quality oxygen profiles from the optode were obtained for fast-profiling conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) observations, by compensating for the temperature-dependent delay in the optode data due to the slow response time of the optode.

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36

Wilson, S. R., and B. W. Forgan. "In situ calibration technique for UV spectral radiometers." Applied Optics 34, no. 24 (1995): 5475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.34.005475.

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37

Bennett, A. J., and R. G. Harrison. "In situ calibration of atmospheric air conductivity instruments." Review of Scientific Instruments 77, no. 1 (2006): 016103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2162459.

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38

Rachakonda, Prem, Daniel Sawyer, Bala Muralikrishnan, et al. "In-situ Temperature Calibration Capability for Dimensional Metrology." NCSLI Measure 9, no. 4 (2014): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19315775.2014.11721704.

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39

Breton, C., C. De Michelis, W. Hecq, M. Mattioli, J. Ramette, and B. Saoutic. "In situ absolute intensity calibration of VUV spectrometers." Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments 20, no. 5 (1987): 554–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/20/5/017.

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40

Seo, Seong-Heon, and Dong Ju Lee. "In situ frequency calibration technique of FM reflectometer." Review of Scientific Instruments 77, no. 4 (2006): 045103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2188908.

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41

Pullins, Clayton A., and Tom E. Diller. "In situ High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor Calibration." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 53, no. 17-18 (2010): 3429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.03.042.

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42

Werner, Stephanie C. "In situ calibration of the Martian cratering chronology." Meteoritics & Planetary Science 54, no. 5 (2019): 1182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.13263.

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43

Konrad, J. M. "In situ tests in a sand dune." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 2 (1991): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-036.

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A field testing program using an electric piezocone penetrometer (CPTU) and a flat dilatometer (DMT) probe was carried out in a sand dune. The analysis of the field data in terms of relative density using current empirical correlations showed that significant differences were obtained at this site. It is suggested that any empirical correlation between relative density and CPT or DMT data obtained from calibration chambers should only be used for a sand that has the same slope of the steady-state line as the sand used in the calibration tests. Key words: sand, in situ density, field investigation, piezocone penetrometer, flat dilatometer, steady state.

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Rollins, A. W., T. D. Thornberry, R. S. Gao, B. D. Hall, and D. W. Fahey. "Catalytic oxidation of H<sub>2</sub> on platinum: a method for in situ calibration of hygrometers." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 3 (2011): 3083–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-3083-2011.

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Abstract. Standard reference samples of water vapor suitable for in situ calibration of atmospheric hygrometers are not currently widespread, leading to difficulties in unifying the calibrations of these hygrometers and potentially contributing to measurement discrepancies. We describe and evaluate a system for reliably and quantitatively converting mixtures of H2 in air to H2O on a heated platinum (Pt) surface, providing a compact, portable, adjustable source of water vapor. The technique is shown to be accurate and can be used to easily and predictably produce a wide range of water vapor concentrations (≈1 ppm−2 %) on demand. The result is a H2O standard that is suitable for in situ calibration of hygrometers, with an accuracy nearly that of the available H2 standards (≈±2 %).

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Holland, W. P., W. Boender, J. A. Bos, and P. E. Huygen. "A simple handheld push-button device for in situ calibration of pneumotachographs." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 4 (1994): 2042–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.4.2042.

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A simple and compact flow calibrator has been devised for generating precise predetermined constant flow rates for checking the calibration of laboratory and clinical flow transducers used in respiratory measurements. The standard version delivers preset flows of 0.5 and 1 l/s, whereas a tuned-up version can produce preset flows of 2.5 and 5 l/s, with an accuracy of +/- 2%. The pressure generated is sufficient to cope with most commonly used respiratory flowmeters. The flow calibrator is built from inexpensive components that are readily obtainable: a fan, a turbine flowmeter, and a feedback circuit in a compact housing. The device is easy to connect to other equipment and to operate. Three flow calibrators have been built and are in regular use in a lung function laboratory and on intensive care wards.

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Khamis, K., C. Bradley, H. J. Gunter, G. Basevi, R. Stevens, and D. M. Hannah. "Calibration of an in-situ fluorescence-based sensor platform for reliable BOD5 measurement in wastewater." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 12 (2021): 3075–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.197.

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Abstract Reliance on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) as an indicator of wastewater quality has hindered the development of efficient process control due to the associated uncertainty and lag-times. Surrogate measurements have been proposed, with fluorescence spectroscopy a promising technique. Yet, assessment of in-situ fluorescence sensors across multiple wastewater treatment plants (WwTPs), and at different treatment stages, is limited. In this study a multi-parameter sonde (two fluorescence peaks, turbidity, temperature and electrical conductivity) was used to provide a BOD5 surrogate measurement. The sonde was deployed at three WwTPs, on post primary settlement tanks (PST) and final effluent (FE). Triplicate laboratory measurements of BOD5, from independent laboratories were used to calibrate the sensor, with high variability apparent for FE samples. Site and process specific sensor calibrations yielded the best results (R2cv = 0.76–0.86; 10-fold cross-validation) and mean BOD5 of the three laboratory measurements improved FE calibration. When combining PST sites a reasonable calibration was still achieved (R2cv = 0.67) suggesting transfer of sensors between WwTPs may be possible. This study highlights the potential to use online optical sensors as robust BOD5 surrogates in WwTPs. However, careful calibration (i.e. replicated BOD5 measurements) is required for FE as laboratory measurements can be associated with high uncertainty.

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Liu, Hsi‐Ping, and Richard E. Warrick. "Effect of cable capacitance on in‐situ borehole geophone calibration." GEOPHYSICS 63, no. 1 (1998): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444312.

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Using 2-Hz electromagnetic moving‐coil geophones as sensing elements, we have constructed and deployed three‐component seismometers in boreholes at various sites for wave‐propagation studies associated with earthquake hazards (Liu et al., 1991). For example, one such seismometer has been deployed in a 88-m deep borehole reaching bedrock in the Marina District of San Francisco since 1990 (Liu et al., 1992) for the purpose of comparing ground motions in the bedrock and those at the surface. Periodic calibrations for such geophones are necessary to check if the geophone parameters have changed because of decreased magnetization of the geophone ferro‐magnet. For example, the coil transductance of the vertical‐component geophone of the borehole seismometer mentioned above was calibrated to be 121 V-s/m using phase‐ellipse test and step test before deployment. Sixty six months after the deployment, the coil transductance, when calibrated in situ and with a 100-m intervening cable between the geophone and the calibration instrument, was found to be 114 V-s/m.

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Tan, Chunyang, Kang Ding, and William E. Seyfried. "Development and Application of a New Mobile pH Calibrator for Real-Time Monitoring of pH in Diffuse Flow Hydrothermal Vent Fluids." Marine Technology Society Journal 50, no. 2 (2016): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.50.2.2.

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AbstractIn situ measurement of pH in diffuse flow hydrothermal vent fluids is necessary to investigate the feedback between geochemical and biochemical processes. Accurate pH determination has been unusually challenging owing to temperature and pressure effects that place severe constraints on the performance of a wide variety of pH sensor systems. In this paper, we describe a newly developed mobile pH calibrator (MpHC), which makes use of In situ calibration protocols that enhance the accuracy of pH measurement and monitoring on the ocean floor at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. The MpHC combines the physically robust and highly sensitive iridium solid-state pH electrode with a flow control system to perform 2-point calibration with on-board pH buffer solutions. The small size and novel design of the sensor probe allow more effective access to seafloor hydrothermal vent fluids and their associated sulfide structures and biological communities. The MpHC is capable of In situ deployment by submersible via ICL (inductively couple link) communication around hydrothermal vents at pressures and temperatures up to 45 MPa and 100°C, respectively. In this paper, we also present results of In situ calibration methods used to correct the standard potential and slope (mV/pH) of the solid-state electrode for temperature effects. The MpHC has been deployed most recently using the submersible Alvin during cruise AT26-17 to Axial Seamount and Main Endeavour Field, Juan De Fuca Ridge in the NE Pacific. With In situ calibration functionality, the MpHC offers the prospect of more successful longer-term measurements in keeping with power availability provided by cabled seafloor observatories coming online in the NE Pacific.

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Cramer, M., H. J. Przybilla, and A. Zurhorst. "UAV CAMERAS: OVERVIEW AND GEOMETRIC CALIBRATION BENCHMARK." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W6 (August 23, 2017): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w6-85-2017.

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Different UAV platforms and sensors are used in mapping already, many of them equipped with (sometimes) modified cameras as known from the consumer market. Even though these systems normally fulfil their requested mapping accuracy, the question arises, which system performs best? This asks for a benchmark, to check selected UAV based camera systems in well-defined, reproducible environments. Such benchmark is tried within this work here. Nine different cameras used on UAV platforms, representing typical camera classes, are considered. The focus is laid on the geometry here, which is tightly linked to the process of geometrical calibration of the system. In most applications the calibration is performed in-situ, i.e. calibration parameters are obtained as part of the project data itself. This is often motivated because consumer cameras do not keep constant geometry, thus, cannot be seen as metric cameras. Still, some of the commercial systems are quite stable over time, as it was proven from repeated (terrestrial) calibrations runs. Already (pre-)calibrated systems may offer advantages, especially when the block geometry of the project does not allow for a stable and sufficient in-situ calibration. Especially for such scenario close to metric UAV cameras may have advantages. Empirical airborne test flights in a calibration field have shown how block geometry influences the estimated calibration parameters and how consistent the parameters from lab calibration can be reproduced.

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Ruijter, Jan M., Jaco Hagoort, Piet AJ De Boer, and Antoon FM Moorman. "CALIBRATION OF DENSITOMETRY IN RADIO-ISOTOPIC IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION." Image Analysis & Stereology 20, no. 3 (2011): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v20.p219-224.

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Densitometry on autoradiographs of sections processed for in situ hybridization provides a direct measure for the in situ quantification of mRNA. Gelatin spots, containing different concentrations of the radioisotope, and processed in parallel with the tissue sections, can be used as a sensitive model to calibrate the densitometric measurements. The shape of the gelatin spots was shown to be circular with a parabolic crosssectional profile. This simple shape allows the subdivision of the spot into a series of concentric rings, which enables an unbiased measurement of the optical density - radioactivity relation. This spot measurement is also applicable to DNA arrays spotted on glass or membranes. A new model, explaining the optical density of autoradiographs, was derived and fitted to the calibration points. The use of this calibration method is crucial for the correct interpretation of autoradiographs

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