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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Indigofera. Forage plants. Arid regions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Indigofera. Forage plants. Arid regions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Indigofera. Forage plants. Arid regions"

1

Gilbert, Rosalind A., Gabriele Netzel, Kerri Chandra, Diane Ouwerkerk, and Mary T. Fletcher. "Degradation of the Indospicine Toxin from Indigofera spicata by a Mixed Population of Rumen Bacteria." Toxins 13, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13060389.

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The leguminous plant species, Indigofera linnaei and Indigofera spicata are distributed throughout the rangeland regions of Australia and the compound indospicine (L-2-amino-6-amidinohexanoic acid) found in these palatable forage plants acts as a hepatotoxin and can accumulate in the meat of ruminant livestock and wild camels. In this study, bovine rumen fluid was cultivated in an in vitro fermentation system provided with Indigofera spicata plant material and the ability of the resulting mixed microbial populations to degrade indospicine was determined using UPLC–MS/MS over a 14 day time period. The microbial populations of the fermentation system were determined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and showed distinct, time-related changes occurring as the rumen-derived microbes adapted to the fermentation conditions and the nutritional substrates provided by the Indigofera plant material. Within eight days of commencement, indospicine was completely degraded by the microbes cultivated within the fermenter, forming the degradation products 2-aminopimelamic acid and 2-aminopimelic acid within a 24 h time period. The in vitro fermentation approach enabled the development of a specifically adapted, mixed microbial population which has the potential to be used as a rumen drench for reducing the toxic side-effects and toxin accumulation associated with ingestion of Indigofera plant material by grazing ruminant livestock.

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2

MATOS, LAUDICEIO VIANA, SÉRGIO LUIZ RODRIGUES DONATO, BISMARC LOPES DA SILVA, MARCOS KOITI KONDO, and JOÃO LUIZ LANI. "STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND YIELD OF 'GIGANTE' CACTUS PEAR IN AGROECOSYTEMS IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL." Revista Caatinga 33, no. 4 (October 2020): 1111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n426rc.

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ABSTRACT The adaptation capacity of forage cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) plants to edaphoclimatic conditions and plant responses to changes in management systems contribute to increase the use of this species in agriculture and the exploration of its productive potential in semi-arid regions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the structural characteristics and cladode yield of forage cactus plants grown under different agroecosystems in the semi-arid region of Bahia, Brazil. Structural characteristics of plants and soils attributes were analyzed. The traditional information on the crop management and its correlations with cladode yield were used to identify the best yield indexes, considering the peculiarities of each agroecosystem. Plant height, cladode thickness, and number of cladodes of the forage cactus plants evaluated were less affected by the agroecosystem than by the production systems. Cladode width, length, and area were more affected by the agroecosystems. The forage cactus crop yields, expressed by the annual cladode fresh matter yield, were positively correlated with the plant structural characteristics: plant height and thickness, and cladode width and length. The cladode weight per plant and fresh matter yield per area were the yield components most affected by the management system adopted by traditional producers.

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Li, Jianjian, Esmat F. Ali, Ali Majrashi, Mamdouh A. Eissa, and Omer H. M. Ibrahim. "Compost Enhances Forage Yield and Quality of River Saltbush in Arid Conditions." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (June 27, 2021): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070595.

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High temperatures and water scarcity are among the main obstacles to producing fodder in arid regions. Saltbush shrubs are used for livestock in many arid regions, especially in saline conditions, due to their high salt tolerance. The produced forage materials under these saline conditions are often low in quantity and quality. This article presents field studies that were conducted for two growing seasons to evaluate the forage yield and quality of river saltbush (Atriplex amnicola Paul G. Wilson) as a function of compost application. The plants were cultivated in saline soil (15 dS m−1), and compost was added at four rates (0, 5, 10, and 15 t ha−1). River saltbush plant produced 9.23−15.60 t ha−1 of stems and 4.25−7.20 t ha−1 of leaves yearly (over all the treatments). The crude protein (CP) ranged between 48−70 g kg−1 in the stems and between 160−240 g kg−1 in the leaves (over all the treatments). The forage yield, crude protein, dry matter, and mineral contents of the tested plant increased significantly (p < 0.05) due to compost addition. The application of 5, 10, and 15 t ha−1 of compost reduced the Na+ concentrations in the leaves by 14, 16, and 19% (as means of two years) compared with the control. In the same trend, these rates reduced the oxalate concentrations in the leaves by 38, 30, and 29% (as means of two years) compared with the control. Our results show that compost application improves the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and catalase (CAT). Compost reduces the adverse impacts of soil salinity by improving the photosynthesis process and increasing the activity of antioxidant defense. Compost also enhances the growth of river saltbush plants cultivated in saline soils, thus, enhancing their value as animal feed. Halophyte plants can be used to utilize saline soils that are not suitable for traditional production. Compost addition is a good agricultural strategy to increase growth and reduce the negative effects of salts.

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4

Jardim, Alexandre M. da R. F., Thieres G. F. da Silva, Luciana S. B. de Souza, Marcondes de S. Souza, José E. F. de Morais, and George do N. Araújo Júnior. "Multivariate analysis in the morpho-yield evaluation of forage cactus intercropped with sorghum." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 24, no. 11 (November 2020): 756–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n11p756-761.

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ABSTRACT Understanding the effect of the cropping system on the morpho-yield relationship of plants is crucial for success in the agricultural activity, mainly in arid and semi-arid regions, where there are major challenges for food production. In this study, the objective was to apply multivariate statistics in the morpho-yield evaluation of forage cactus clones in cropping systems as sole crop and intercropped with sorghum cultivars. The experiment was conducted in Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil, between March 18, 2017 and June 16, 2018. The design adopted was in randomized blocks with 12 treatments composed of three forage cactus clones in sole-crop system (IPA Sertânia, Miúda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana) and nine forage cactus-sorghum intercropping systems with the cultivars 467, SF11 and 2502. Morphometric and phytomass measurements of forage cactus clones were performed throughout the cycle. The relationship between the morpho-yield traits of the clones was evaluated by means of principal component analysis. Cladode width, length, perimeter, and area are morphometric variables that determine phytomass accumulation in clones. The cropping systems did not influence the association of morpho-yield traits, but it depends on the genus of forage cactus. Negative correlations between cladode dimensions and phytomass of the clones of the genus Nopalea explained their lower phytomass accumulations. Principal components analysis makes it possible to elucidate associations between morpho-yield variables of forage cactus.

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5

Nozella, Eduardo F., Sergio L. S. Cabral Filho, Ives C. S. Bueno, Adibe L. Abdalla, and Dorinha M. S. S. Vitti. "Tannin contents and in vitro digestibility of Brazilian browses." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200007894.

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Brazil has arid regions where livestock production is limited by forage source. However, some native herbaceous legumes have a dry tolerance and had been used as animal feed. Some of those plants have anti nutritional compounds such as tannins that and can interfere on intake and digestibility of these plants. Tannins have a high affinity with proteins and could make these molecules unavailable for animal. Compounds as polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) have been used on tannin studies, because it has more affinity with tannins than proteins. Based on that, it is possible to evaluate the nutritive potential of tanniniferous plants, using PVPP as an inhibitor of tannin effects. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of tannins on in vitro rumen fermentation.

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6

Nozella, E. F., S. L. S. Cabral Filho, I. C. S. Bueno, P. B. Godoy, C. Longo, A. L. Abdalla, and D. M. S. S. Vitti. "Tannin bioassay using semi-automated gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200011297.

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Brazil has arid regions where livestock production is limited by forage source. However, some native herbaceous browses have a dry tolerance and had been used as animal feed. Some of those plants have anti nutritional compounds such as tannins that can interfere on intake and digestibility. Tannins have a high affinity to proteins and could make these molecules unavailable for animal. Compounds as polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used on tannin studies, because it has more affinity with tannins than proteins. Based on that, it is possible to evaluate the nutritive potential of tanniniferous plants, using PEG in gas based techniques for assessing anti nutritional factors in tanniniferous plants for ruminants. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different treatments (oven-, shade- and sun-drying and treatment with urea) on phenolics compounds and on the biological activity of tannins using the in vitro gas method with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG).

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7

Gobindram, N. E., A. Boughalmi, C. H. Moulin, M. Meuret, D. Bastianelli, A. Araba, and M. Jouven. "Feeding flocks on rangelands: insights into the local ecological knowledge of shepherds in Boulemane province (Morocco)." Rangeland Journal 40, no. 3 (2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj17006.

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In Mediterranean regions, traditional pastoral systems involve shepherds leading flocks along daily grazing circuits on arid rangelands. Over the past decades, these systems have become increasingly agro-pastoral and the importance given to feeding flocks on rangelands is variable. Our study aimed at investigating the local ecological knowledge (LEK) about forage plants and animal foraging behaviour of shepherds in a pastoral area of Morocco, and eventually analysing the possible interactions between such LEK, its utilisation for grazing management and the pastoral status of the farm. Eleven semi-directive interviews with shepherds, either salaried or owning their own farm, were carried out at three sites differing in terms of agricultural context and available forage resources. Shepherds’ LEK included recognising and naming forage plants and rangeland types, identifying preferred or less preferred plants or plant parts, describing circumstantial palatability of plants depending mainly on season, other locally available plants and watering times. LEK about animal feeding preferences and its integration into grazing management was more extensive at sites where pastoral systems were still most valued, and for shepherds who were either experienced or who were considering the activity in the future. Conversely, young salaried shepherds or farmer-shepherds who devoted more attention to the agricultural component of their system seemed to be less knowledgeable about the subject. In a context where pastoralism is challenged both by the higher profitability of agriculture and by the depletion of pastoral resources as a result of frequent droughts and decreased surface area devoted to grazing lands, the future of such LEK is uncertain. The perpetuation of LEK might depend on the ability of local extension services to value farmers’ LEK and to help them enrich it with scientific knowledge.

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8

Bell, Lindsay W., Richard G. Bennett, Megan H. Ryan, and Heather Clarke. "The potential of herbaceous native Australian legumes as grain crops: a review." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 26, no. 1 (August 18, 2010): 72–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170510000347.

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AbstractMany agricultural systems around the world are challenged by declining soil resources, a dry climate and increases in input costs. The cultivation of plants that are better adapted than current crop species to nutrient poor soils, a dry climate and low-input agricultural systems would aid the continued profitability and environmental sustainability of agricultural systems. This paper examines herbaceous native Australian legumes for their capacity to be developed as grain crops adapted to dry environments. The 14 genera that contain herbaceous species areCanavalia, Crotalaria, Cullen, Desmodium, Glycine, Glycyrrhiza, Hardenbergia, Indigofera, Kennedia, Lotus, Rhynchosia, Swainsona, TrigonellaandVigna. A number of these genera (e.g.,Glycine, Crotalaria, TrigonellaandVigna) include already cultivated exotic grain legumes. Species were evaluated based on the extent to which their natural distribution corresponded to arid and semi-arid climatic regions, as well as the existing information on traits related to harvestability (uniformity of ripening, propensity to retain pod, pod shattering and growth habit), grain qualities (seed size, chemistry, color and the absence of toxins) and fecundity. Published data on seed yield were rare, and for many other traits information was limited. The Australian species ofVigna,CanavaliaandDesmodiummainly have tropical distributions and were considered poorly suited for semi-arid temperate cropping systems. Of the remaining generaGlycyrrhizaandCrotalariaspecies showed many suitable traits, including an erect growth habit, a low propensity to shatter, flowers and fruits borne at the end of branches and moderate to large seeds (5 and 38 mg, respectively). The species for which sufficient information was available that were considered highest priority for further investigation wereGlycine canescens, Cullen tenax, Swainsona canescens, Swainsona colutoides, Trigonella suavissima, Kennedia prorepens, Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa, Crotalaria cunninghamiiandRhynchosia minima.

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9

Greco, S. A., and J. B. Cavagnaro. "Growth characteristics associated with biomass production in three varieties of Trichloris crinita (Poaceae), a forage grass native to the arid regions of Argentina." Rangeland Journal 27, no. 2 (2005): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj05011.

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Trichloris crinita (Lag.) Parodi is an important perennial native grass widespread in the range areas of the arid and semi-arid phytogeographical region of Monte, Argentina. Previous studies have shown great variability in forage biomass production per plant among different varieties of this species. The aim of this work was to assess which morphological and physiological traits are associated with differential productivity of T. crinita varieties. Three varieties: Pichi, of high productivity, Arroyito, of medium productivity, and Encon, of low productivity were tested in a field experiment. Dry matter (DM) produced by different organs, assimilates partitioning, and leaf area per plant were measured on three different dates for each variety, during an annual growth cycle, under watered conditions. Relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf weight ratio (LWR) and leaf area development rate (LADR) were calculated at 72, 128 and 172 days after transplanting. Significant differences among varieties were found for DM production of blades, sheaths + culms, panicles, roots and shoot/root ratio. Pichi and Arroyito produced more total plant biomass than Encon and this was associated with higher dry matter accumulation in aboveground organs and larger leaf area. LADR, LAR and one of its components SLA were the parameters that best explained differences in biomass production. DM partitioning to roots (considered as the percentage of total DM) was very high in Encon, the least productive variety. Differences in productivity seem to be directly associated with the mean annual rainfall and inversely associated with the mean annual temperature of the environment where plants were collected. Thus, the growth characteristics of each variety reflect differential adaptation to their areas of origin.

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Lee, B. S., M. Y. Kim, R. R. C. Wang, and B. L. Waldron. "Relationships among 3 Kochia species based on PCR-generated molecular sequences and molecular cytogenetics." Genome 48, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 1104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g05-070.

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Forage kochia (Kochia prostrata ssp. virescens 'Immigrant' is native to the arid and semiarid regions of central Eurasia. It was introduced into the United States in 1966 as PI 314929 and released as a perennial forage shrub in 1984. Kochia americana is a perennial native to the United States, whereas Kochia scorparia is an introduced annual species that became a weed. To assess both the breeding potential and the possibility of genetic contamination, relationships among the 3 Kochia species were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, sequence tagged site (STS) marker sequences of the chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase gene (ndhF), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (MC-FISH). Seventy decamer random primers yielded 458 polymorphic bands from 9 plants of K. americana, 20 plants of K. prostrata, and 7 plants of K. scoparia. Fifty-four and 55 species-specific RAPD markers were identified for K. americana and K. prostrata, whereas 80 RAPD markers were specific to K. scoparia. Based on the presence or absence of informative RAPD markers, the 3 species always grouped into 3 distinct clusters in a NTSYSpc2.01b-generated dendrogram. The same relationships were found among the 3 Kochia species based on ndhF DNA sequence divergence. Using a set of 7 STS markers that can identify each Kochia species, we did not find a single interspecific hybrid from artificial hybridizations among the 3 Kochia species. In GISH studies, chromosomes of 1 species fluoresced in green only when they were probed by genomic DNA of the same species. Cross-hybridization by genomic DNA of another species was not observed. In FISH studies using pTa71 (for 18S–5.8S–26S rDNAs) and pScT7 (for 5S rDNA) as probes, there were 1, 1 and 3 pTa71 sites and 2, 1, and 1 pScT7 sites in each haplome of K. prostrata, K. americana, and K. scoparia, respectively. It is concluded that these 3 Kochia species are so genomically distinct that gene introgression among them would be extremely rare.Key words: RAPD, STS, ndhF, GISH, FISH, mixoploidy, forage kochia.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indigofera. Forage plants. Arid regions"

1

Abubeker, Hassen. "Characterization and evaluation of Indigofera species as potential forage and cover crops for semi-arid and arid ecosystems." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03292006-171339.

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Books on the topic "Indigofera. Forage plants. Arid regions"

1

Khamdamov, I. Kh. Morfologo-biologicheskie osobennosti kormovykh rasteniĭ aridnoĭ zony Uzbekistana. Tashkent: "Mekhnat", 1987.

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Mitchell, A. A. Arid shrubland plants of Western Australia. 2nd ed. Nedlands, W.A: University of Western Australia Press in association with the Dept. of Agriculture, Western Australia, 1994.

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Mitchell, A. A. Arid shrubland plants of Western Australia. Nedlands, W.A: University of Western Australia Press with the Western Australian Dept. of Agriculture, 1988.

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Lalymenko, N. K. Vozdelyvanie kormovykh kulʹtur v aridnoĭ zone na oroshenii khozi͡a︡ĭstvenno-bytovymi stochnymi vodami: Na primere g. Nebitdaga. Ashgabat: Ylym, 1992.

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Houérou, H. N. Le. Les plantations sylvo-pastorales dans la zone aride de Tunisie. Paris: Unesco, 1987.

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International Workshop on Genetic Resources of Cool-season Pasture, Forage, and Food Legumes for Semi-arid Temperate Environments (1987 Cairo, Egypt). Legume genetic resources for semi-arid temperate environments: Proceedings of an International Workshop on Genetic Resources of Cool-season Pasture, Forage, and Food Legumes for Semi-arid Temperate Environments, Cairo, Egypt, 19-24 June 1987. Edited by Smith Alan, Robertson L. D, United Nations Development Programme, and International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA, 1991.

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Sharma, N. K., of Rajasthan Agricultural University., ed. Forage production in drylands of arid and semi-arid regions. Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers (India), 1999.

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A, Dovrat, and Cooperative Arid Lands Agriculture Research Program, United States-Egypt-Israel., eds. Fodder production and its utilization by small ruminants in arid regions (FOPAR): Progress report, May-July 1985. Beer-Sheva, Israel: Institutes for Applied Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1985.

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A, Dovrat, and Cooperative Arid Lands Agriculture Research Program, United States-Egypt-Israel., eds. Fodder production and its utilization by small ruminants in arid regions (FOPAR): Progress report, Feb.-Apr. 1985. Beer-Sheva, Israel: Institutes for Applied Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 1985.

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Planations Sylvo-Pastorales Dans LA Zone Aride De Tunisie (Mab Technical Notes, No 18). United Nations Educational, 1987.

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