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Lian, Jianhui, Daniel Thomas, Claudia Maraston та ін. "The age–chemical abundance structure of the Galactic disc – II. α-dichotomy and thick disc formation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, № 2 (2020): 2371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2078.
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ABSTRACT We extend our previous work on the age–chemical abundance structure of the Galactic outer disc to the inner disc (4 < r < 8 kpc) based on the SDSS/APOGEE survey. Different from the outer disc, the inner disc stars exhibit a clear bimodal distribution in the [Mg/Fe]–[Fe/H] plane. While a number of scenarios have been proposed in the literature, it remains challenging to recover this bimodal distribution with theoretical models. To this end, we present a chemical evolution model embedding a complex multiphase inner disc formation scenario that matches the observed bimodal [Mg/Fe]–[Fe/H] distribution. In this scenario, the formation of the inner disc is dominated by two main starburst episodes $6\,$Gyr apart with secular, low-level star formation activity in between. In our model, the first starburst occurs at early cosmic times ($t\sim 1\,$ Gyr) and the second one $6\,$ Gyr later at a cosmic time of $t\sim 7\,$ Gyr. Both these starburst episodes are associated with gas accretion events in our model, and are quenched rapidly. The first starburst leads to the formation of the high-α sequence, and the second starburst leads to the formation of the metal-poor low-α sequence. The metal-rich low-α stars, instead, form during the secular evolution phase between the two bursts. Our model shows that the α-dichotomy originates from the rapid suppression of star formation after the first starburst. The two starburst episodes are likely to be responsible for the formation of the geometric thick disc (z >1 kpc), with the old inner thick disc and the young outer thick disc forming during the first and the second starbursts, respectively.
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Watt, W. S., L. M. Larsen, and M. Watt. "Volcanic history of the Lower Tertiary plateau basalts in the Scoresby Sund region, East Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 128 (December 31, 1986): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v128.7931.
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The extensive plateau basalt lava pile in the Scoresby Sund region has a stratigraphic thickness of 3200 m and an overall average thickness of 1500 m. The pile thins inland from the Atlantic coast and laps onto basement gneisses and Jurassic sediments in the inner fjord region. The lavas are divisible into five formations which form two separate lava sequences. The lower sequence is best developed in the inner fjord region, while the upper sequence dominates the regions near the Atlantic coast. The sequences are interpreted as produced in two vo\canic episodes in connection with failed rifting episodes during the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean. At the Atlantic coast remains of a third separate lava sequence apparently forrned during active spreading.
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Ghosh, Salmoli, P. Kharb, J. Baghel, and S. Silpa. "PG 1004+130: Hybrid Morphology Source or a Restarted FRII? A uGMRT Polarimetric Investigation." Astrophysical Journal 958, no. 1 (2023): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfa00.
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Abstract We present the polarization image of the hybrid morphology and broad absorption line quasar PG 1004+130 at 694 MHz obtained with the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We detect linear polarization in this source’s core, jets, and lobes. The visible discontinuity in total intensity between the inner jets and the kiloparsec-scale lobes suggests that the source is restarted. The inferred poloidal magnetic (B-) field structure in the inner jet is consistent with that observed in Fanaroff–Riley (FR) type II sources, as are the B-fields aligned with the lobe edges. Moreover, archival Chandra and XMM-Newton data indicate that PG 1004+130 displays several FRII-jetlike properties in X-rays. We conclude that PG 1004+130 is a restarted quasar, with both episodes of activity being FRII type. The spectral index images show the presence of an inverted spectrum core (α = +0.30 ± 0.01) and a steep spectrum inner jet (α = −0.62 ± 0.06) surrounded by much steeper lobe emission (α ≈ −1.2 ± 0.1), consistent with the suggestion that the lobes are from a previous activity episode. The spectral age difference between the two activity episodes is likely to be small (<1.2 × 107 yr), in comparison to the lobe ages (∼3.3 × 107 yr). The inferred B-fields in the lobes are suggestive of turbulence and the mixing of plasma. This may account for the absence of X-ray cavities around this source, similar to what is observed in M87's radio halo region. The depolarization models reveal that thermal gas of mass ∼(2.4 ± 0.9) × 109 M ⊙ is mixed with the nonthermal plasma in the lobes of PG 1004+130.
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Sedwick, P. N., P. T. Harris, L. G. Robertson, G. M. Mcmurtry, M. D. Cremer, and P. Robinson. "A geochemical study of marine sediments from the Mac. Robertson shelf, East Antarctica: initial results and palaeoenvironmental implications." Annals of Glaciology 27 (1998): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1998aog27-1-268-274.
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Sediments from the Antarctic continental margin may provide detailed palaeoenvironmental records for Antarctic shelf waters during the late Quaternary. Here we present results from a palaeoenvironmental study of two sediment cores recovered from the continental shelf off Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica. These gravity cores were collected approximately 90 km apart from locations on the inner and outer shelf. Both cores are apparently undisturbed sequences of diatom ooze mixed with fine, quartz-rich sand. Core stratigraphies have been established from radiocarbon analyses of bulk organic carbon. Down-core geochemical determinations include the lithogenic components AÍ and Fe, biogenic components opal and organic carbon, and palaco-redox proxies Mn, Mo and U. We use the geochemical data to infer past variations in the deposition of biogenic and lithogenic materials, and the radiocarbon dates to estimate average sediment accumulation rates. The Holocene record of the outer-shelf core suggests three episodes of enhanced diatom export production at about 1.8, 3.8 and 5.5 ka BP, as well as less pronounced bloom episodes which occurred over a shorter period. Average sediment accumulation rates at this location range from 13.7 cm ka−1 in the late Pleistocene early Holocene to 82 cm ka−1 in the late Holocene, and suggest that the inferred episodes of enhanced biogenic production lasted 100-1000 years. in contrast, data for the inner-shelf core suggest that there has been a roughly constant proportion of biogenic and lithogenic material accumulating during the middle to late Holocene, with a greater proportion of biogenic material relative to the outer shelf. Notably, there is an approximately 7-fold increase in average sediment accumulation rate (from 24.5 to 179 cm ka−1) at this inner-shelf location between the middle and late Holocene, with roughly comparable increases in the mass accumulation rates of both biogenic and lithogenic material. This may represent changes in sediment transport processes, or reflect real increases in pelagic sedimentation in this region during the Holocene. Our results suggest quite different sedimentation regimes in these two shelf locations during the middle to late Holocene.
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J S, Dr Sreevidhya. "Homoeopathic Approach to Meniere's Disease: Review Article." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 6 (2023): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230663.
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Meniere's disease that affects the inner ear is characterised by episodes of vertigo, varying degrees of hearing loss, and tinnitus. It manifests as a result of the inner ear's endolymph (fluid) not being properly regulated. As a result, it is also known as endolymphatic hydrops in pathological terms. Meniere's disease can be effectively treated using homoeopathic drugs, even in its most severe forms. Depending on the disease's severity, a carefully chosen homoeopathic remedy can regulate or even drastically lessen the severity and frequency of the symptoms. Keywords: Hearing, Inner Ear, Vertigo, Tinnitus, Homoeopathy
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Heinrich, Andrew M., Yi-Hao Chen, Sebastian Heinz, Irina Zhuravleva, and Eugene Churazov. "Constraining black hole feedback in galaxy clusters from X-ray power spectra." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 3 (2021): 4646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1557.
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ABSTRACT Jets launched by the supermassive black holes in the centres of cool-core clusters are the most likely heat source to solve the cooling flow problem. One way for this heating to occur is through generation of a turbulent cascade by jet-inflated bubbles. Measurements of the X-ray intensity power spectra show evidence of this cascade in different regions of the cluster, constraining the role of driving mechanisms. We analyse feedback simulations of the Perseus cluster to constrain the effect of the jet activity on the intensity fluctuations and kinematics of the cluster atmosphere. We find that, within the inner 60 kpc, the power spectra of the predicted surface brightness fluctuations are broadly consistent with those measured by Chandra and that even a single episode of jet activity can generate a long-lasting imprint on the intensity fluctuations in the innermost region of the cluster. Active galactic nucleus (AGN)-driven motions within the same region approach the values reported by Hitomi during and right after the AGN episode. However, the line-of-sight velocity dispersion excited by the jet in simulations underpredicts the Hitomi measurement. This indicates that driving a volume-filling sustained level of turbulence requires several episodes of jet activity, and/or additional processes drive turbulence outside the 60-kpc sphere. This also suggests that sharp edges of the bubbles in the innermost region of the cluster contribute substantially to the intensity of fluctuations, consistent with the Perseus observations in the inner 30-kpc region. We discuss new diagnostics to decompose annular power spectra to constrain past episodes of jet activity.
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GAUTAM, U. S., SHAIK N. MEERA, TARA SATYAVATHI, et al. "Seed of an idea: Mann Ki Baat (Inner thoughts) programme and its perceived social influence on millets farming." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 93, no. 4 (2023): 358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i4.135413.
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The declining area and production of millets needed a national-level social influencer, and Mann Ki Baat hosted by the Hon’ble Prime Minister was timely. The present study tried to assess the perception of millet farmers, as to how social influencing event, such as Mann Ki Baat, has impacted millets farming context. The study was carried out in 68 districts belonging to 28 states and Union Territories with a participation of 1236 millet farmers, and professionals from 68 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs). The results indicated that the ~ 88% of KVKs could undertake the follow-up activity on the Mann Ki Baat, and for attending a few episodes at KVK campuses, 60% of the farmers respondents travelled more than 15 KM. Among the millet farmers, 53% have listened to five Mann Ki Baat episodes, whereas 9% of the farmers have listened to more than 30 episodes (for general issues, going beyond agriculture-related episodes). This reveals that Mann Ki Baat, is no longer an urban-oriented program, but has directly reached out to the marginal millet farmers. Mass media and social media played a major role in publicizing the event among millet farmers and consumers, while KVKs provided knowledge support to millet farmers during and after the Mann Ki Baat episodes. About 20% of the farmers either formed or joined the Interest groups on millets after listening to the Mann Ki Baat. More than 45% of the farmers believed that they got at least one additional idea and or practice about millet farming due to this event. A considerable number of respondents either adopted or have been sensitized to what they were already doing, and further having millets in their diet after hearing the Mann Ki Baat episodes. The episodes had substantial influence on the perception of millet growers and consumers, which has strengthened further process of farmers’ adoption of improved varieties of millets and strengthened the environment on agri-entrepreneurship. The lessons learned from the study may help further to promote millet farming in accordance with changing agricultural scenarios locally and globally.
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Brown, George W., and Patricia Moran. "Clinical and Psychosocial Origins of Chronic Depressive Episodes." British Journal of Psychiatry 165, no. 4 (1994): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.165.4.447.
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BackgroundWe consider how far it is possible to predict a chronic course of a depressive disorder from psychosocial and clinical material available at the point of onset.MethodA population survey found 404 working-class mothers living in an inner-city area of London. The majority were interviewed three times over a 3-year period.ResultsChronicity (more than 12 months' duration) was strongly related to both childhood adversity (parental indifference, family violence or any sexual abuse) and current adult interpersonal difficulties. The lack of positive events during the course of the episode was also independently related to chronicity, but to a lesser degree. Clinical characteristics were relatively unimportant compared with psychosocial factors.ConclusionsThe childhood risk factors were particularly important (judged by a path analysis), and a challenge for future research will be to establish the intervening processes involved with this distal link.
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Zur, Gila, and Ana-Maria Botero-Anug. "Severe Ulcerative and Granulomatous Pinnal Lesions with Granulomatous Sebaceous Adenitis in Unrelated Vizslas." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 47, no. 6 (2011): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-5705.
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Granulomatous sebaceous adenitis (GSA) is uncommon in dogs; however, certain breed predilections exist. In this report, three cases of GSA in unrelated vizslas have been described. All cases initially presented with episodes of otitis externa followed by severe inner pinnal lesions. In one case, multifocal coalescing inner pinnal ulceration appeared 4 wk prior to the occurrence of the skin lesions. The other two cases presented with simultaneous pinnal and skin lesions following episodes of bilateral otitis. The pinnae were diffusely erythematous and had multiple coalescing erosions and ulcers. The body lesions consisted of multifocal alopecia, papules, and fine scales. Biopsies of the skin and pinnae confirmed GSA. Two dogs responded to treatment with synthetic retinoids and cyclosporin A, respectively. One dog was not treated, and the owners preferred euthanasia when the ear lesions recurred and did not respond to glucocorticoids. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, GSA with multifocal coalescing ulcerative pinnal lesions has not previously been reported.
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Wordsworth, R. "How Likely Are Snowball Episodes Near the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone?" Astrophysical Journal Letters 912, no. 1 (2021): L14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abf7c7.
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Wang, de Leeuw, Niu, and Kang. "Contrasting Aerosol Optical Characteristics and Source Regions During Summer and Winter Pollution Episodes in Nanjing, China." Remote Sensing 11, no. 14 (2019): 1696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11141696.
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Two episodes with heavy air pollution in Nanjing, China, one in the summer and another one in the winter of 2017, were selected to study aerosol properties using sun photometer and ground-based measurements, together with source region analysis. The aerosol properties, the meteorological conditions, and the source regions during these two episodes were very different. The episodes were selected based on the air quality index (AQI), which reached a maximum value of 193 during the summer episode (26 May–3 June) and 304 during the winter episode (21–31 December). The particulate matter (PM) concentrations during the winter episode reached maximum values for PM2.5/10 of 254 g m−3 and 345 g m−3, much higher than those during the summer (73 and 185 g m−3). In contrast, the value of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm was higher during the summer episode (2.52 0.19) than during that in the winter (1.38 0.18). A high AOD value does not necessarily correspond to a high PM concentration but is also affected by factors, such as wind, Planetary Boundary Layer Height (PBLH), and relative humidity. The mean value of the Ångström Exponent (AE) varied from 0.91–1.42, suggesting that the aerosol is a mixture of invaded dust and black carbon. The absorption was stronger during the summer than during the winter, with a minimum value of the single scattering albedo (SSA) at 440 nm of 0.86 on 28 May. Low values of asymmetry factor (ASY) (0.65 at 440 nm and 0.58 at 1020 nm) suggest a large number of anthropogenic aerosols, which are absorbing fine-mode particles. The Imaginary part of the Refractive Index (IRI) was higher during the summer than during the winter, indicating there was absorbing aerosol during the summer. These differences in aerosol properties during the summer and winter episodes are discussed in terms of meteorological conditions and transport. The extreme values of PM and AOD were reached during both episodes in conditions with stable atmospheric stratification and low surface wind speed, which are conducive for the accumulation of pollutants. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) and concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis show that fine mode absorbing aerosols dominate during the summer season, mainly due to emissions of local and near-by sources. In the winter, part of the air masses was arriving from arid/semi-arid regions (Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia provinces) covering long distances and transporting coarse particles to the study area, which increased the scattering characteristics of aerosols.
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Sabharwal, Alka, Sakshi Kaushik, and Gurprit Grover. "PREDICTION OF INTER EPISODIC TIME FOR RECURRING MENTAL ILLNESS USING ORDER STATISTICS." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 21, no. 2 (2021): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.720.
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Recurrent episodes are common across various mental disorders. Information on time to next episode, also referred as inter episodic times, provides a valuable tool for planning and evaluating the health outcomes of treatment in patients and developing effective preventive maintenance therapy. The objective is to obtain the prediction interval for the future inter episodic time when the number of previous episodes for a patient is small and inter episodic times are dependent. A data of 28 patients with a history of 3 or more recurring episodes of illness is extracted from a retrospective data of 146 patients diagnosed with mental and behavioral disorders. The prediction interval for time to occurrence of next episode is obtained using order statistics assuming that it will follow the order followed by previous inter episodic times. The validity of the results is verified using simulation studies with data generated using covariance structure of the real dataset. From the simulation studies, we found that more than 80% of the simulated inter episodic times lie in the simulated prediction intervals. This paper is highly beneficial to medical health professionals to predict time to next episode for patients with few previously known episodes of the concerned disease. The study has an implication to rare diseases where generally small database (patients) is available.
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Chavan, Kshitij, Pratik Dabhade, and D. J. Saikia. "A giant radio galaxy with three cycles of episodic jet activity from LoTSS DR2." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 525, no. 1 (2023): L87—L92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slad100.
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ABSTRACT The excellent sensitivity and optimum resolution of LoTSS DR2 at 144 MHz has enabled us to discover a giant radio galaxy (J1225+4011) with three distinct episodes of jet activity, making it a member of a class of objects called triple-double radio galaxies (TDRGs). The source extends overall up to 1.35 Mpc in projected size, with the second episode extending to 572 kpc, and the inner episode to 118 kpc. J1225+4011 is only the fourth radio source showing a triple-double radio structure. All four sources have overall sizes greater than 700 kpc, making them giants. We also present the LoTSS 144 MHz map of the TDRG J0929+4146 and report its updated size. Lastly, we have summarized and discussed the radio properties of all TDRGs for the first time to understand their growth and evolution. Our observations suggest that the power of their jets may decrease with time.
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Chao, E. C. T., M. Tatsumoto, and E. H. McKee. "Caledonian subduction, repeated activation, and multiple episodes of mineralization of the Bayan Obo REE-Fe-Nb ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, China." Global Tectonics and Metallogeny 5, no. 1-2 (1995): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/gtm/5/1995/37.
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Kokotanekov, G., M. W. Wise, M. de Vries, and H. T. Intema. "Signatures of multiple episodes of AGN activity in the core of Abell 1795." Astronomy & Astrophysics 618 (October 2018): A152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833222.
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In this paper we analyze AGN activity signatures in the rich nearby galaxy cluster Abell 1795 aiming to confirm and characterize the long-term feedback history in the system. We combine radio observations at 610 and 235 MHz from the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) with 3.4 Msec X-ray data from the Chandra Observatory. Extracting radial temperature profiles, as well as X-ray and radio surface brightness profiles in three directions showing major morphological disturbances, we highlight the signatures of activity in the system. For the first time we observe radio emission corresponding to the NW X-ray depression, which provides evidence in favor of the classification of the depression as a cavity. We identify two other X-ray cavities situated NW and SW of the AGN. While the central radio emission corresponding to the inner cavities shows a flatter spectral index, the radio extensions associated with the farthest X-ray cavities consist of aged plasma. All observed signatures both in radio and X-ray are consistent with several consecutive episodes of AGN activity, which gave rise to the observed morphology NW and SW from the core. In the southern region, we confirm the cooling wake hypothesis for the origin of the long tail. The deep X-ray data also allows us to distinguish significant distortions in the tail’s inner parts, which we attribute to the activity of the AGN.
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Kepenekli-Kadayifci, Eda, Ayşe Karaaslan, Serkan Atıcı, et al. "Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis in a Child with Mondini Dysplasia." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/364657.
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Mondini dysplasia, also known as Mondini malformation, is a developmental abnormality of the inner and middle ears that can cause hearing loss, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, and recurrent bacterial meningitis (RBM), which is defined as two or more episodes of meningitis separated by a period of convalescence and the complete resolution of all signs and symptoms. An accurate diagnosis of the underlying pathology is crucial to prevent further episodes from occurring. Herein, we present a three-year-old boy with RBM and unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. During the evaluation to determine the etiology of the RBM, cystic malformation in the cochlea and vestibular dilatation consistent with Mondini dysplasia were detected via computerized tomography (CT) of the temporal bone.
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Liefooghe, Baptist, Ariane Jim, and Jan De Houwer. "Automatic effects of covert practice." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74, no. 10 (2021): 1697–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17470218211007138.
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Automatic behaviour is supposedly underlain by the unintentional retrieval of processing episodes, which are stored during the repeated overt practice of a task or activity. In the present study, we investigated whether covertly practicing a task (e.g., repeatedly imagining responding to a stimulus) also leads to the storage of processing episodes and thus to automatic behaviour. Participants first either responded overtly or covertly to stimuli according to a first categorization task in a practice phase. We then measured the presence of automatic response-congruency effects in a subsequent test phase that involved a different categorization task but the same stimuli and responses. Our results indicate that covert practice can lead to a response-congruency effect. We conclude that covert practice can lead to automatic behaviour and discuss the different components of covert practice, such as motor imagery, visual imagery, and inner speech, that contribute to the formation of processing episodes in memory.
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Bartoletto, Silvana, Bruno Chiarini, Elisabetta Marzano, and Paolo Piselli. "Banking crises and business cycle: evidence for Italy(1861-2016)." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 11, no. 1 (2019): 34–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-03-2018-0055.
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Purpose This paper aims to focus on the banking crises recorded in Italy in the period 1861-2016 and to propose a novel classification based upon the timing of the crisis with respect to the business cycle. Design/methodology/approach A simple and objective rule to distinguish between slowdown and inner-banking crises is introduced. The real impact of banking crises is evaluated by integrating the narrative approach with an empirical vector autoregression analysis. Findings First, banking crises are not always associated to economic downturns. Especially in Italy, (but this analysis can be easily extended to other countries), they have often limited their negative effects within the financial system (“inner” crises). Second, the simultaneity of macroeconomic effects (credit contraction and GDP recession) leave the causal link undetermined. Third, the empirical and narrative analyses performed testify that boom–bust mechanisms are an exception in the panorama of (Italian) banking crises; although when the economy experiences such episodes, the economic and social consequences are not only severe but also enduring. Research limitations/implications To classify historically recognized banking crisis episodes, the authors look at credit and GDP dynamics (and their ratio) around crisis years. Relying on a single definition of crisis is avoided. The classification provides an empirical rule to determine in what way banking crises differ. The classification is mostly based on the synchronization with the business cycle and, using the documented evolution of macroeconomic aggregates, it permits to highlight the fact that a variety of interactions occur between financial and real aggregates during and around banking crises. Originality/value As to the concept of systemic banking crisis, a qualitative judgment is often adopted to select relevant episodes, thus confirming the absence of a quantitative rule in classification criteria (Chaudron and de Haan, 2014). This paper proposes a simple and objective rule to distinguish between slowdown and inner-banking crises; the former occur close to a GDP contraction, whereas the latter appear to spread their effects with no substantial evidence of output loss.
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Freundlich, Jonathan, Avishai Dekel, Fangzhou Jiang, et al. "A model for core formation in dark matter haloes and ultra-diffuse galaxies by outflow episodes." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 3 (2019): 4523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3306.
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ABSTRACT We present a simple model for the response of a dissipationless spherical system to an instantaneous mass change at its centre, describing the formation of flat cores in dark matter haloes and ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) from feedback-driven outflow episodes in a specific mass range. This model generalizes an earlier simplified analysis of an isolated shell into a system with continuous density, velocity, and potential profiles. The response is divided into an instantaneous change of potential at constant velocities due to a given mass-loss or mass-gain, followed by energy-conserving relaxation to a new Jeans equilibrium. The halo profile is modelled by a two-parameter function with a variable inner slope and an analytic potential profile, which enables determining the associated kinetic energy at equilibrium. The model is tested against NIHAO cosmological zoom-in simulations, where it successfully predicts the evolution of the inner dark matter profile between successive snapshots in about 75 per cent of the cases, failing mainly in merger situations. This model provides a simple understanding of the formation of dark matter halo cores and UDGs by supernova-driven outflows, and a useful analytic tool for studying such processes.
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Cogliani, E., G. Abbate, and S. Racalbuto. "Thermal, pressure and wind fields at ground level in the area of the Italian base at Terra Nova Bay, Victoria Land, Antarctica, as observed by a network of automatic weather stations." Annales Geophysicae 14, no. 10 (1996): 1088–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-1088-1.
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Abstract. Ground temperature, pressure and wind speed monthly averages in the area of the Italian Station at Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, were analyzed for the period 1987–1991 by means of a network of nine AWS (automatic weather stations). Spatial configurations of temperature show a well-defined, relatively warm island in the area of Terra Nova Bay, between Drygalsky and Campbell ice tongues, throughout the year. A second warm island is present to the north along the coast, between Aviator and Mariner ice tongues, for most of the year. From February to March a rapid drop in temperature is observed at all stations. A strong thermal gradient develops during February, March, April and October, November, December, between the coastal region and inner highlands. The baric configuration follows the elevation of the area. Annual average pressure and temperature as functions of stations altitude show linear trends. Severe katabatic wind episodes are recorded at all stations, with wind speed exceeding 25 m s–1 and direction following the orographic features of the inner areas. Co-occurrences of these episodes were observed for stations located along stream lines of cold air drainage. The autocorrelation function of maximum wind speed time series shows wind persistence of 2–3 days and wind periodicity of about one week.
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Templeton, David J., Nicola Sharp, Sophie Gryllis, Catherine C. O'Connor, and Sally M. Dubedat. "Prevalence and predictors of lymphogranuloma venereum among men who have sex with men at a Sydney metropolitan sexual health clinic." Sexual Health 10, no. 2 (2013): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12143.
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During an 18-month period to June 2012, 1732 anal chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) tests were performed among men who have sex with men (MSM) at RPA Sexual Health in Sydney’s inner west. Positive anal chlamydia samples were subsequently tested for lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Seventy-five (4.3%) anal samples were positive for chlamydia among 67 men during the study period. Anal symptoms were reported for 16 out of 75 (21.3%) of anal chlamydia episodes overall. Three episodes of LGV (all serovar L2b) were identified, all three of whom reported anal symptoms (100%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 29.2–100%). In contrast, only 13/72 (18.1%, 95% CI: 10.0–28.9%) of those with non-LGV anal chlamydia reported anal symptoms. LGV was not identified in any of 59 episodes of asymptomatic anal chlamydia (0%, 95% CI: 0–6.1%). Of those with LGV, two were known to be HIV-positive and one subsequently seroconverted to HIV within a year of the LGV diagnosis. Our findings suggest that routine LGV testing among MSM is not warranted, except among those with anal symptoms.
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Karampinis, Emmanouil, Myrto-Maria Papadopoulou, Kleoniki Chaidaki, et al. "Plaque Psoriasis Exacerbation and COVID-19 Vaccination: Assessing the Characteristics of the Flare and the Exposome Parameters." Vaccines 12, no. 2 (2024): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020178.
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The diverse patient population and widespread vaccination in the COVD-19 era make vaccine-triggered episodes of psoriasis an ideal model of exposome research. This scenario explores the fine balance between protective and exacerbating factors, providing insights into the complex relationship between environmental exposure and psoriasis immunopathogenesis when a trigger appears, such as that of the hyperinflammatory state induced by the COVID-19 vaccine. Analyzing interactions between vaccine-induced phenomena and exposome parameters may provide clinically relevant information important for personalized medicine decision-making. We performed a literature review seeking patients with plaque psoriasis flares or new onset or change in plaque psoriasis into another psoriasis subtype, such as pustular or erythrodermic flare, focusing on the inner and external exposome traits of patients. We identified 71 patients with plaque psoriasis flares, 12 patients with new-onset psoriasis, and 17 with plaque psoriasis subtype change, and assessed the COVID-19 vaccine-induced plaque psoriasis in terms of clinical presentation, post-vaccination flare period and treatment status, as well as inner exposome parameters (genomics, oxidative stress, hormonal impact due to gender, aging, skin color) and external parameters (UV, infectomics). Novel data on psoriasis flares following COVID-19 vaccination are primarily obtained by combining exposome and vaccine-triggered episode features and characteristics and comparing them with similar psoriasis flares unrelated to COVID-19 vaccination.
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Koochakzadeh, Sina, James R. Dornhoffer, Joshua D. Horton, and Ted A. Meyer. "Carotid-cochlear dehiscence: a dangerous mimicker of inner ear pathologies." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 7 (2019): e229773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229773.
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A 67-year-old woman was referred to the otolaryngology service after presenting to the emergency department for dizziness and loss of balance. She reported several similar episodes over the past years. Physical examination was unremarkable. A temporal bone CT scan revealed dehiscence between the bony carotid canal and the cochlea resulting in the diagnosis of carotid-cochlear dehiscence (CCD). CCD is an extremely rare condition involving the thinning of the bony canal separating the internal carotid artery from the cochlea. CCD is best diagnosed with temporal bone CT scan. Treatment options include observation as well as chemical or surgical labyrenthectomy. Despite similar clinical and diagnostic characteristics of reported CCD cases, general trends and consensus on treatment options cannot be ascertained due to the extreme rarity of this condition. Regardless of these limitations, CCD is a critical diagnosis as it mimics other inner ear conditions and poses a potential, significant surgical risk for the otolaryngologist.
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Chernov, Nikita V., Tatiana V. Moiseeva, Maria A. Belyakova, Maria D. Polyakova, and Marta V. Sozinova. "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Patients with a First Psychotic Episode." Consortium Psychiatricum 2, no. 4 (2021): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/cp97.
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The search for the most effective methods of therapy for mental disorders is a priority for modern psychiatry. An approach to the early diagnostics and rehabilitation of patients experiencing psychotic episodes for the first time is proposed in the present article. The proposed approach is based on the combination of drug therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) characterized by the development of the patients psychological flexibility, rather than controlling the disease symptoms. The article describes the main processes of the ACT model: acceptance, cognitive defusion, contact with the present moment, understanding of the inner world, awareness of significant values, and the regulation of purposeful behaviour for the implementation of these values. Recommendations for different stages of treatment were also developed by specialists of the First Psychotic Episode Clinic at the Mental Health Сlinic No.1 named after N.A. Alexeev. The psychological rehabilitation of patients with the use of ACT in the case of psychotic disorders with both negative and positive symptoms was elaborated. The application of acceptance and commitment therapy in the early diagnostics and treatment of patients experiencing a first psychotic episode results in fewer readmissions and improved psychosocial functioning in both inpatient and outpatient care.
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Singh, Simone, and Lauren Quinn. "Withania somnifera as an Intervention for Vertigo in the Management of Ménière’s Disease: A Case Report." CAND Journal 29, no. 1 (2022): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54434/candj.104.
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Ménière’s disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear, with a triad of symptoms consisting of spontaneous and episodic vertigo, aural fullness and/or tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss. Increasing evidence suggests that psychological factors may play a significant role in the onset of the disease and/or its progression. Current conventional treatment does not provide a cure, nor complete relief of symptoms, and there is limited literature on alternative treatment options. This case report describes a 47-year-old Portuguese female who presented with a diagnosis of MD wanting relief from daily episodes of vertigo after conventional treatment failed. Botanical intervention with Withania somnifera, an adaptogen, was recommended at a dose of 500 mg daily. The patient reported a complete resolution of vertigo within one week of supplementation. Symptom resolution continued after five months of treatment. Further research is warranted to evaluate the use of Withania somnifera in improving vertigo in individuals with MD.
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Kamieniecki, R., B. Vaughn, J. Danielson, et al. "Characterizing the inpatient care of young adults experiencing early psychosis." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.409.
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Introduction/objectivesThe available literature suggests that treatments and health services for psychosis are considered to be poorly organized and highly variable. Little is known, however, about how inpatient care is provided to individuals experiencing early psychosis. To facilitate quality improvement activities, we characterized the care this patient group receives in an inner city hospital.MethodsWe performed chart reviews of individuals admitted to psychiatric inpatient units at St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia between 01/04/2014 and 31/03/2016. Those who were 17–25 years of age and hospitalized for psychotic symptoms at the time of admission were included. Demographic and health service use were summarized using descriptive characteristics.ResultsWe identified 73 inpatients (mean age = 22; males = 78%; Caucasian = 41%) that met study inclusion criteria, having a combined total of 102 care episodes and an average length of stay of 30.7 days (median = 18; min = 3; max = 268). Half of the care episodes were repeat admissions, with up to 30% of the patients readmitted within 28 days of discharge. Physical and mental status examinations (MSE) were performed in virtually all care episodes, although frequency is low (31.4% had daily physical examinations and 18.6% had MSE every nursing shift). In 49% and 50% of care episodes, patients were given oral antipsychotics and discharged on depot medications. Even when indicated, not all care episodes had follow-up appointments (60%) or referrals to income assistance (35%), community mental health teams (61%), and housing support (38%).ConclusionsSpecific programs are needed to address current gaps in inpatient care for patients with early psychosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Rohde, P. F., S. Walch, S. D. Clarke, D. Seifried, A. P. Whitworth, and A. Klepitko. "The impact of episodic outflow feedback on stellar multiplicity and the star formation efficiency." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 3 (2020): 3594–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2926.
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ABSTRACT The accretion of material on to young protostars is accompanied by the launching of outflows. Observations show that accretion, and therefore also outflows, are episodic. However, the effects of episodic outflow feedback on the core scale are not well understood. We have performed 88 smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations of turbulent dense $1 \, {{\mathrm{M}}}_{\odot }$ cores to study the influence of episodic outflow feedback on the stellar multiplicity and the star formation efficiency (SFE). Protostars are represented by sink particles, which use a subgrid model to capture stellar evolution, inner-disc evolution, episodic accretion, and the launching of outflows. By comparing simulations with and without episodic outflow feedback, we show that simulations with outflow feedback reproduce the binary statistics of young stellar populations, including the relative proportions of singles, binaries, triples, etc. and the high incidence of twin binaries with q ≥ 0.95; simulations without outflow feedback do not. Entrainment factors (the ratio between total outflowing mass and initially ejected mass) are typically ∼7 ± 2, but can be much higher if the total mass of stars formed in a core is low and/or outflow episodes are infrequent. By decreasing both the mean mass of the stars formed and the number of stars formed, outflow feedback reduces the SFE by about a factor of 2 (as compared with simulations that do not include outflow feedback).
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Croisé, Luc, Erwin Dreyer, and François Lieutier. "Effects of drought stress and severe pruning on the reaction zone induced by single inoculations with a bark beetle associated fungus (Ophiostoma ips) in the phloem of young Scots pines." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 28, no. 12 (1998): 1814–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-155.
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The objective of this study was to test the effect of water stress and pruning on the resistance of young Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) to a bark beetle associated fungus. Six-year-old potted trees were either pruned (70% of needles removed) or subjected to several successive episodes of severe water stress, prior to inoculation of inner bark with the fungus Ophiostoma ips (Rumb.) Nannf., which is usually associated with the bark beetle Ips sexdentatus Boern. Well-watered, nonpruned trees served as controls. Predawn needle water potential reached -2.5 MPa and net CO2 assimilation rates were reduced to almost zero during each water stress episode. The length of the reaction zones around inoculation points reached 3-4 cm after 3 weeks. It was higher during Spring than during Autumn. Impact of water stress on the length of the reaction zone was very limited and independent of the number of drought episodes that had been imposed prior to inoculation. The only visible change was a slight decrease when the inoculation was done during the period of maximum water stress intensity. Growth of the pathogen in the phloem was not affected by water stress. Correspondingly, pruning had no effect on either of these two parameters. Induced reaction zones accumulated monophenolic compounds that were undetectable in unwounded phloem. These included pinocembrin and pinosylvin and its monomethylether known to contribute to the defence against the fungus. Neither drought nor severe pruning induced any change in the nature or concentrations of these compounds in the unwounded phloem or in the reaction zone.
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BROWN, GEORGE W., and PATRICIA M. MORAN. "Single mothers, poverty and depression." Psychological Medicine 27, no. 1 (1997): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291796004060.
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The present study set out to examine the relationship between marital status, poverty and depression in a sample of inner-city women. Single and married mothers were followed up over a 2-year period during which time rates of psychosocial risk factors, onset of depression and experience of chronic episodes were measured. Risk of onset was double among single mothers. Single mothers were twice as likely as their married counterparts to be in financial hardship, despite being twice as likely to be in full-time employment. Both of these factors were independently associated with onset in single mothers. The link between them and onset was via their association with humiliating or entrapping severe life events. Single parents were at a much raised risk of experiencing these events. Onset was also more likely to follow such an event when women had poor self-esteem and lack of support, both of which were more common among single mothers. These risk factors were more frequently found among those in financial hardship. Financial hardship was also related to risk of having a chronic episode (lasting at least a year), of which single parents were also at greater risk. The majority of chronic episodes among single mothers had their origins in prior marital difficulties or widowhood and rates of chronicity reduced with length of time spent in single parenthood. Results are discussed in terms of an aetiological model of onset in which financial hardship probably influences outcome at a wide variety of points.
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Fanucchi, Michelle V., Charles G. Plopper, Michael J. Evans, et al. "Cyclic exposure to ozone alters distal airway development in infant rhesus monkeys." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 291, no. 4 (2006): L644—L650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00027.2006.
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Inner city children exposed to high levels of ozone suffer from an increased prevalence of respiratory diseases. Lung development in children is a long-term process, and there is a significant period of time during development when children growing up in urban areas are exposed to oxidant air pollution. This study was designed to test whether repeating cycles of injury and repair caused by episodes of ozone exposure lead to chronic airway disease and decreased lung function by altering normal lung maturation. We evaluated postnatal lung morphogenesis and function of infant monkeys after 5 mo of episodic exposure of 0.5 parts per million ozone beginning at 1 mo of age. Nonhuman primates were chosen because their airway structure and postnatal lung development is similar to those of humans. Airway morphology and structure were evaluated at the end of the 5-mo exposure period. Compared with control infants, ozone-exposed animals had four fewer nonalveolarized airway generations, hyperplastic bronchiolar epithelium, and altered smooth muscle bundle orientation in terminal and respiratory bronchioles. These results suggest that episodic exposure to environmental ozone compromises postnatal morphogenesis of tracheobronchial airways.
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Costa, Angélica Felicidade Guião Marcato, João Alexandre Paschoalin Filho, Tatiana Tucunduva Philipi Cortese, and Brenda Chaves Coelho Leite. "THE GREEN ROOF THERMAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION IN COMPARISON TO ASBESTOS CEMENT TILES APPLIED TO LIGHT STEEL FRAME BRAZILIAN BUILDINGS." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 12, no. 3 (2018): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i3.1709.
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This research aimed at comparing the thermal performance provided in experimental modules, one of which was performed with conventional cover, made of asbestos cement tiles; an another with green cover. The structure of the studied modules was executed using Light Steel Frame technique. As an experimental research, modules were built in a wide place, without the interference of shading. Instruments were installed in the inner part of the modules to measure the following data: air temperature, relative humidity. From the collected data, representative episodes have been chosen for the studies that aimed to compare the comfort provided by both modules, built with different roofs. As result, it was verified that the module with green roof had better performance than the module covered with asbestos cement tile in all selected episodes. The module covered with green roof maintained lower internal temperature variation throughout the days, indicating that the green roof has characteristic thermal insulation, reducing the heat flow from the roof.
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McDowell, John. "Why Is Sellars's Essay Called "Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind"?" Analysis. Claves de Pensamiento Contemporáneo 23, no. 3 (2019): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660152.
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‘Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind’ (EPM) is sometimes read as attacking empiricism in general. But Sellars's announced target is traditional empiricism. In traditional empiricism, experience yields knowledge in a way that does not presuppose other empirical knowledge, so that the knowledge provided by experience can serve as foundations, in a straightforward sense, for other empirical knowledge. To accept this conception is to fall into a form of the Myth of the Given. In EPM Sellars works out a different conception of experience, according to which it is a kind of inner episode that, in the best kind of case, yields knowledge, but in a way that presupposes other empirical knowledge. The knowledge provided by experience can still serve as foundations for other empirical knowledge, but now only in a nuanced sense. The chapter concludes that so far from rejecting empiricism altogether, EPM rehabilitates empiricism, but in a non-traditional form.
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Akashi, Muhammad, and Noam Soker. "Postexplosion Positive Jet-feedback Activity in Inner Ejecta of Core Collapse Supernovae." Astrophysical Journal 930, no. 1 (2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6102.
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Abstract We conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of weak jets that we launch into a core collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta half an hour after the explosion and find that the interaction of the fast jets with the CCSN ejecta creates high-pressure zones that induce a backflow that results in mass accretion onto the newly born neutron star. In cases of weak jets, with a total power of ≈1045–1046 erg, the backflow mass accretion might power them up to more energetic jets by an order of magnitude. In total, the jets of the two postexplosion jet-launching episodes have enough energy to influence the morphology of the very inner ejecta, with a mass of ≈0.1 M ⊙. Our results imply that in some, probably a minority of, CCSN remnants the very inner regions might display a bipolar structure that results from postexplosion weak jets. The regions outside this part might display the morphology of jittering jets.
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Amernik, Katarzyna, and Ewa Jaworowska. "Congenital spontaneous otogenic cerebrospinal fluid leak as a cause of recurrent meningitis in a 9-year-old child – case report and literature review." Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny 11, no. 1 (2022): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7969.
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<b>Introduction:</b> Congenital otogenic CSF leak is a rare cause of meningitis. The underlying reason may be a defect of the fundus of internal auditory meatus with pathological communication with the inner ear and CSF leak to middle ear space. This condition requires surgical closure. </br></br> <b>Case report:</b> A 9-year-old boy with a history of recurrent meningitis – 3 episodes. During the last episode, β-2 transferrin test from ear fluid was positive. The patient complained of leakage of clear fluid through the nose on the right side. Otoscopy revealed a bulging tympanic membrane on the right side. The right ear was deaf with normal hearing on the left side. HRCT revealed congenital deformity of the right inner ear. Right side lateral petrosectomy with blind sac closure of the right external auditory canal was performed. During surgery there was an extensive CSF leak through the oval window niche due to a lack of the stapes footplate in the anterior part. Recovery was uneventful. After 24 months of follow up, no more leakage through the nose was observed. Control magnetic resonance performed one year after surgery showed no CSF in the mastoid cavity. </br></br> <b>Discussion:</b> Inner ear malformations are a rare cause of meningitis, and the most common sites of congenital otogenic CSF leakage include the oval and round window. Surgical closure is the only solution in such cases. Several methods of sealing the inner ear space were described in the literature. Vestibular packing and stapedectomy were most frequently used. However, recurrences were stated in up to 1/2 of cases. Such a risk can be limited with lateral petrosectomy. For this reason, LP can be considered as the treatment of choice in congenital spontaneous otogenic cerebrospinal fluid leak. </br></br> <b>Conclusion:</b> Every case of recurrent meningitis in children should be investigated with a suspicion of congenital ear malformation with spontaneous CSF leakage. Lateral petrosectomy is a safe and effective procedure for cases of otogenic CSF leak with a low risk of recurrence.
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Dr., Debashis Mandal. "Relatives of Major Characters in Shakespearean Plays: A Recherche Research." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 4, no. 16 (2023): 156–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7940035.
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Relatives of major characters in Shakespeare’s plays reveals the inner traits of the major characters of his plays in various aspects. Sometimes these relatives throw bright light to illuminate some revealing inner traits of some major characters. Sometimes their roles are just choric, commenting upon the whereabouts of other characters, episodes and situations. Sometimes they reveal the quotidian flux of human life with all their attitudes and platitudes. Sometimes their roles are tellingly functional in that they are used to put a major character into greater prominence through contrast. Here discussion has been made on some of these notable characters like Macduff, Lady Macduff, Little Macduff <em>in</em> <em>Macbeth</em>; Duke of Albany and Duke of Cornwall <em>in</em> <em>King Lear</em>; Egeus <em> in</em> <em>A</em> <em>Midsummer Night’s Dream </em>and Ferdinand <em>in</em> <em>The Tempest.</em>
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Bhagwagar, *Zubin, Susan G. Kozauer, Willie R. Earley, Jason Huo, Gary S. Sachs, and Suresh Durgam. "LUMATEPERONE IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AND BIPOLAR DISORDER WITH ANXIOUS DISTRESS AND MIXED FEATURES." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 28, Supplement_1 (2025): i316. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyae059.563.
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Abstract Background Anxious distress and mixed features are DSM-5 episode specifiers for major depressive episodes (MDE) associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder. Patients with depressive episodes with the specifiers have more severe symptoms, more comorbidities, increased suicide risk, and poorer treatment response than patients without the specifiers. Aims & Objectives Lumateperone is an FDA-approved antipsychotic to treat schizophrenia and depressive episodes associated with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder. In a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Study 403; NCT04285515) lumateperone 42mg was efficacious over placebo with a favorable safety profile in patients with MDD or bipolar depression (BPD) with mixed features. This post hoc analysis of Study 403 investigated efficacy of lumateperone 42mg in patients with MDD or BPD with mixed features and anxious distress. Method Eligible adults (18-75 years) met DSM-5 criteria for an MDE with mixed features and had MDD, bipolar I, or bipolar II disorder, with Montgomery-Å sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] Total score&gt;=24 and Clinical Global Impression Scale-Severity [CGI-S] score&gt;=4. Patients were stratified by MDD or bipolar disorder diagnosis and randomized 1:1 to 6-weeks lumateperone 42mg or placebo. This analysis evaluated patients with mixed features and DSM-5 anxious distress in the overall population (combined MDD/BPD) and separately in MDD and BPD individual populations. Assessments included change from baseline in MADRS Total score, CGI-S score, and MADRS inner tension item score. Results Of 383 patients in the combined MDD/BPD modified intent to treat (mITT) population with mixed features, 244 (63.7% of mITT; placebo, 121; lumateperone, 123) had anxious distress. Anxious distress was common in patients with MDD (73.9% of MDD mITT; placebo, 69; lumateperone, 67) and BPD (54.3% of BPD mITT; placebo, 52; lumateperone, 56). Compared with placebo, lumateperone significantly improved change from baseline for MADRS Total score at Day 43 in all 3 populations with anxious distress: combined MDD/BPD population (least squares mean difference vs placebo [LSMD], −6.1; 95% CI −8.52 to −3.71; effect size [ES], −0.67; P&lt;.0001), MDD individual population (LSMD, −6.8; 95% CI −9.82 to −3.77; ES, −0.79; P&lt;.0001), and BPD individual population (LSMD, −5.5; 95% CI −9.34 to −1.62; ES, −0.59; P&lt;.01). In all 3 populations, significantly greater (P &lt;.05) reductions in change from baseline of MADRS Total score occurred by Day 15 and persisted throughout the study in lumateperone-treated patients. Similarly, lumateperone significantly improved change from baseline for CGI-S score at Day 43 vs placebo for patients with anxious distress in the combined MDD/BPD population (LSMD, −0.5; 95% CI −0.78 to −0.26; ES, −0.54; P&lt;.0001), MDD individual population (LSMD, −0.6; 95% CI −0.98 to −0.30; ES, −0.66; P&lt;.001), and BPD individual population (LSMD, −0.4; 95% CI −0.82 to −0.05; ES, −0.48; P&lt;.05). Lumateperone also significantly improved change from baseline for the inner tension MADRS single-item score at Day 43 compared with placebo for all 3 populations (P&lt;.05). Discussion & Conclusion Lumateperone 42mg demonstrated efficacy in improving symptoms of major depression with mixed features and anxious distress, including global disease severity and inner tension, in patients with MDD or bipolar disorder.
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Manchado, A., S. R. Pottasch, and A. Mampaso. "High Resolution Long-Slit Spectroscopy of A78." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 131 (1989): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900137921.
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High spectral resolution bidimensional spectroscopy of A78 in the He II λ4686 A, H λ4861 A, [O III] λ4959 A and [O III] λ5007 A lines is reported, confirming the different morphology of the nebula in these lines. The resulting velocity maps suggest different episodes in the history of the nebula, with an external hydrogen-rich layer expanding at low velocity (35±10 km/s), showing little structure and extending from approximately 35 to 55 arcsec. The [O III] and the He II maps show, however, an inner shell with at least two different expansion velocities; 73 km/s and 41 km/s.
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Occhionero, Franco, Luca Amendola, and Pier Stefano Corasaniti. "Primordial Bubbles within Primordial Bubbles." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 201 (2005): 497–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900216847.
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Two consecutive, distinct episodes of phase transition occurring during inflation may nucleate two generations of bubbles, one inside the other. We design a model of inflation that realizes this sequence and yields bubble spectra that are bimodal and tunable functions of phenomelogical parameters in turn combinations of microphysical parameters. We argue in favor of a tuning of the parameters such that the outer and earlier generation of bubbles becomes hundreds of Mpc/h in diameter (like the local Hubble bubbles of the literature) whereas the inner and later generation becomes tens of Mpc/h in diameter (like the observed large scale voids).
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Fischer, Michael S., Brian H. Tang, and Kristen L. Corbosiero. "A Climatological Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification in Environments of Upper-Tropospheric Troughs." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 10 (2019): 3693–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-19-0013.1.
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Abstract Tropical cyclone (TC)–trough interactions are a common occurrence in the North Atlantic basin and lead to a variety of TC intensity changes, from rapid intensification (RI) to rapid weakening. To test whether certain TC–trough configurations are more favorable for RI than others, the upper-tropospheric troughs involved in such interactions were objectively classified into one of three clusters through the implementation of a machine-learning, dimensionality-reduction technique in conjunction with a k-means clustering algorithm. Through composite analyses, the upper-tropospheric potential vorticity structure, the TC convective structure, and the TC environment were examined for both rapidly intensifying TCs and nonrapidly intensifying (non-RI) TCs. As a whole, RI episodes were associated with upper-tropospheric troughs of shorter zonal wavelengths and greater upstream TC–trough displacements than non-RI episodes. RI was found to occur most frequently when an upper-tropospheric cutoff low was located approximately 500–1000 km southwest of the TC location. RI occurred preferentially in environments associated with less ventilation of the TC warm core with low-entropy environmental air. An examination of potential trough-induced forcing for convection revealed little relationship between RI and eddy flux convergence of angular momentum. Nonetheless, RI episodes were associated with anomalously vigorous convective activity within the TC inner core, as diagnosed by infrared and passive microwave satellite imagery.
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Albrecht, P., M. Ringelstein, AK Müller, et al. "Degeneration of retinal layers in multiple sclerosis subtypes quantified by optical coherence tomography." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 18, no. 10 (2012): 1422–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458512439237.
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Background: Optical coherence tomography can be used to assess retinal degeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Thinning of the retinal nerve fibre layer and macular thickness have been well characterized, but newer devices allow quantification of all retinal layers. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the thickness of the paramacular retina, peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer, and deeper paramacular layers in MS patient subgroups, using state-of-the-art optical coherence tomography. Methods: Using a Heidelberg Engineering Spectralis device, we performed paramacular volumetric retinal scans and circular peripapillary fibre-layer scans, manually segmenting different retinal layers into single horizontal foveal scans in 95 patients with definite MS (42 relapsing–remitting, 41 secondary progressive, 12 primary progressive), plus 91 age- and sex-matched controls. Results: Even without a history of optic neuritis, all MS subgroups had significant thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer, the paramacular retinal thickness and the retinal ganglion cell- and inner plexiform layer. Only in primary progressive MS was the inner nuclear layer significantly reduced. Conclusions: Our findings indicate a primary retinal pathology involving the inner nuclear layer in primary progressive MS. Results in eyes without history of optic neuritis suggest possible subclinical episodes of optic neuritis or retrograde trans-synaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons.
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Balk, Lisanne J., Danko Coric, Jenny A. Nij Bijvank, Joep Killestein, Bernard MJ Uitdehaag, and Axel Petzold. "Retinal atrophy in relation to visual functioning and vision-related quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 24, no. 6 (2017): 767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458517708463.
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Background: Inner retinal layer atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been validated as a structural imaging biomarker for neurodegeneration. Objective: To determine how retinal layer thickness relates to high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA), low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA) and vision-related quality of life (QoL) and to investigate the effect of previous episodes on MS-associated optic neuritis (MSON). Methods: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed in 267 patients with MS. Images were segmented for the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and the macular ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL). Ophthalmological evaluations included history of MSON, HCVA, LCVA, and vision-related QoL. Results: Independent of MSON, HCVA and LCVA were significantly associated with pRNFL and GCIPL thicknesses. Vision-related QoL was positively associated with pRNFL (β = 0.92, p = 0.06) and GCIPL (β = 0.93, p = 0.02) thicknesses. These associations were independent of MSON. Not only binocular but also monocular atrophy of the inner retinal layers was associated with lower vision-related QoL. Conclusion: This study showed that retinal atrophy has a significant impact on visual functioning in patients with MS. OCT may therefore provide useful insight to patients with visual dysfunction, and our findings support including OCT and vision-related QoL measures into optic neuritis treatment trials.
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Khuzestani, Reza Bashiri, James J. Schauer, Jing Shang, et al. "Source apportionments of PM2.5 organic carbon during the elevated pollution episodes in the Ordos region, Inner Mongolia, China." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 13 (2018): 13159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1514-4.
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F-Pedrera Balsells, Marta, Manel Grifoll, Manuel Espino, Pablo Cerralbo, and Agustín Sánchez-Arcilla. "Wind-Driven Hydrodynamics in the Shallow, Micro-Tidal Estuary at the Fangar Bay (Ebro Delta, NW Mediterranean Sea)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (2020): 6952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196952.
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This article investigates water circulation in small-scale (~10 km2), shallow (less than 4 m) and micro-tidal estuaries. The research characterizes the hydrodynamic wind response in these domains using field data from Fangar Bay (Ebro Delta) jointly with three-dimensional numerical experiments in an idealized domain. During calm periods, field data in Fangar Bay show complex water circulation in the inner part of the estuary owing to its shallow depths and positive estuarine circulation in the mouth. Numerical experiments are conducted to investigate wind-induced water circulation due to laterally varying bathymetry. For intense up-bay wind conditions (wind intensities greater than 9 m·s−1), an axially symmetric transverse structure occurs with outflow in the central channel axis and inflow in the lateral shallow areas. These numerical results explain the water circulation observed in Fangar Bay during strong wind episodes, highlighting the role of the bathymetry in a small-scale environment. During these episodes, the water column tends to homogenize rapidly in Fangar Bay, breaking the stratification and disrupting estuarine circulation, consistent with other observations in similar domains.
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Teggi, Roberto, Anna Del Poggio, Iacopo Cangiano, Alessandro Nobile, Omar Gatti, and Mario Bussi. "Cochleo-Vestibular Disorders in Herpes Zoster Oticus: A Literature Review and a Case of Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction in Unilateral HZO." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 19 (2023): 6206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196206.
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The varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, causes both the initial varicella infection and subsequent zoster episodes. Disorders of the eighth cranial nerve are common in people with herpes zoster oticus (HZO). We performed a review of the literature on different databases including PubMed and SCOPUS, focusing on cochlear and vestibular symptoms; 38 studies were considered in our review. A high percentage of cases of HZO provokes cochlear and vestibular symptoms, hearing loss and vertigo, whose onset is normally preceded by vesicles on the external ear. It is still under debate if the sites of damage are the inferior/superior vestibular nerves and cochlear nerves or a direct localization of the infection in the inner ear. The involvement of other contiguous cranial nerves has also been reported in a few cases. We report the case of a patient with single-side HZO presenting clinical manifestations of cochleo-vestibular damage without neurological and meningeal signs; after 15 days, the patient developed a new episode of vertigo with clinical findings of acute contralateral vestibular loss. To our knowledge, only three other such cases have been published. An autoimmune etiology may be considered to explain these findings.
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CITRONI, SERGIO B., MIGUEL A. S. BASEI, OSWALDO SIGA JR., and JOSÉ M. DOS REIS NETO. "Volcanism and stratigraphy of the Neoproterozoic Campo Alegre Basin, SC, Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 73, no. 4 (2001): 581–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652001000400012.
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The depositional succession of the Campo Alegre Basin (Santa Catarina - southern Brazil) was investigated having the evolution of the volcanic activity as background. The different stratigraphic units are interpreted as belonging to different volcanic stages: Bateias Formation, conglomerates and sandstones, related with a pre-volcanic stage; Campo Alegre Group, at the main volcanic stage, with each different formation corresponding to different episodes of volcanism - Rio Negrinho Formation, corresponding to the basic volcanism, Avenca Grande Formation to ignimbritic event, Serra de São Miguel Formation to the acid volcanism and Fazenda Uirapuru Formation, related to an explosive event; Rio Turvo and Arroio Água Fria formations correspond respectively to inner and extra-caldera deposits.
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Dallatana, R., I. Barbetta, A. Settembrini, et al. "Recurrent pulmonary embolism secondary to popliteal vein aneurysm with intraluminal wall ulcer." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 28, no. 4 (2012): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2012.011120.
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The popliteal vein is the most frequent site of venous aneurysm. Surgical treatment is indicated above a 2.5 cm diameter to prevent complications, notably deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE). Here we report a case of recurrent episodes of severe PE, leading to cardio-circulatory shock caused by a popliteal vein aneurysm (PVA) despite oral anticoagulant therapy. When surgical correction of the aneurysm was performed, we found an ulcerative lesion in the inner aspect of the vein that was acting as a ‘thrombogenic focus’ inside the aneurysm. An accurate inspection of the intimal wall is always important during surgery of PVA, particularly when tangential resection is performed.
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Grandison, Alistair, Hugh Williams, Adenekan Oyefeso, and Luiz Dratcu. "Substance use history taking by trainee psychiatrists: “There is a tide in the affairs of men…”." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 18, no. 1 (2001): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700006182.
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AbstractObjectives: To investigate the extent and quality of substance use history taking by trainee psychiatrists.Method: A retrospective clinical casenote audit of admissions to an acute inner city psychiatric unit during three randomly selected months. Data on substance use history taking was recorded by means of a specially designed study checklist.Results: In almost three-quarters (45, 73%) of admission episodes trainee psychiatrists had made some mention of substance misuse. However, substance use history taking often occurred subsequent to the initial clinical assessment and varied greatly in quality.Conclusions: The need for a brief, standardised substance use screening questionnaire, easily incorporated into the existing psychiatric interview format is highlighted.
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Patrut, Adrian, Diana H. Mayne, Karl F. von Reden, et al. "Fire History of a Giant African Baobab Evinced by Radiocarbon Dating." Radiocarbon 52, no. 2 (2010): 717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200045732.
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The article reports the first radiocarbon dating of a live African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), by investigating wood samples collected from 2 inner cavities of the very large 2-stemmed Platland tree of South Africa. Some 16 segments extracted from determined positions of the samples, which correspond to a depth of up to 15–20 cm in the wood, were processed and analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Calibrated ages of segments are not correlated with their positions in the stems of the tree. Dating results indicate that the segments originate from new growth layers, with a thickness of several centimeters, which cover the original old wood. Four new growth layers were dated before the reference year AD 1950 and 2 layers were dated post-AD 1950, in the post-bomb period. Formation of these layers was triggered by major damage inside the cavities. Fire episodes are the only possible explanation for such successive major wounds over large areas or over the entire area of the inner cavities of the Platland tree, able to trigger regrowth.
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Yang, Yi-Ting, Eric A. Hendricks, Hung-Chi Kuo, and Melinda S. Peng. "Long-Lived Concentric Eyewalls in Typhoon Soulik (2013)." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 9 (2014): 3365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-14-00085.1.
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The authors report on western North Pacific Typhoon Soulik (2013), which had two anomalously long-lived concentric eyewall (CE) episodes, as identified from microwave satellite data, radar data, and total precipitable water data. The first period was 25 h long and occurred while Soulik was at category 4 intensity. The second period was 34 h long and occurred when Soulik was at category 2 intensity. A large moat and outer eyewall width were present in both CE periods, and there was a significant contraction of the inner eyewall radius from the first period to the second period. The typhoon intensity decrease was partially due to encountering unfavorable environmental conditions of low ocean heat content and dry air, even though inner eyewall contraction would generally support intensification. The T–Vmax diagram (where T is the brightness temperature and Vmax is the best track–estimated intensity) is used to analyze the time sequence of the intensity and convective activity. The convective activity (and thus the integrated kinetic energy) increased during the CE periods despite the weakening of intensity.
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Ciorba, Andrea, Mirko Tessari, Erennio Natale, et al. "Cerebral Outflow Discrepancies in Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Focus on Ultrasonographic Examination." Diagnostics 13, no. 11 (2023): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111902.
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This prospective pilot study aimed to evaluate whether cerebral inflow and outflow abnormalities assessed by ultrasonographic examination could be associated with recurrent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Twenty-four patients with recurrent BPPV, affected by at least two episodes, and diagnosed according to American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO–HNS) criteria, evaluated at our University Hospital, between 1 February 2020 and 30 November 2021, have been included. At the ultrasonographic examination, 22 of 24 patients (92%) reported one or more alterations of the extracranial venous circulation, among those considered for the diagnosis of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), although none of the studied patients were found to have alterations in the arterial circulation. The present study confirms the presence of alterations of the extracranial venous circulation in recurrent BPPV; these anomalies (such as stenosis, blockages or regurgitation of flow, or abnormal valves, as per the CCSVI) could cause a disruption in the venous inner ear drainage, hampering the inner ear microcirculation and then possibly causing recurrent otolith detachment.