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Journal articles on the topic 'Intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bryce, Casey C., Gerda Horneck, Elke Rabbow, Howell G. M. Edwards, and Charles S. Cockell. "Impact shocked rocks as protective habitats on an anoxic early Earth." International Journal of Astrobiology 14, no. 1 (2014): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550414000123.

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AbstractOn Earth, microorganisms living under intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation stress can adopt endolithic lifestyles, growing within cracks and pore spaces in rocks. Intense UV irradiation encountered by microbes leads to death and significant damage to biomolecules, which also severely diminishes the likelihood of detecting signatures of life. Here we show that porous rocks shocked by asteroid or comet impacts provide protection for phototrophs and their biomolecules during 22 months of UV radiation exposure outside the International Space Station. The UV spectrum used approximated the hig

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Deng, Hong-bo, Yao Yao, and Hai-zhou Li. "Chemical Profiling and Tyrosinase Inhibition Mechanism of Phenylethanoid Glycosides from Corallodiscus flabellatus." Molecules 30, no. 11 (2025): 2296. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112296.

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Alpine plants face intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation in high-altitude ecosystems, necessitating adaptive mechanisms like tyrosinase-mediated phenolic metabolism for UV protection. This study aimed to characterize the phenolic profile of Corallodiscus flabellatus (or C. flabellata) and elucidate its mechanistic interactions with tyrosinase under high-altitude environments with intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Two novel phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) and seven known compounds were isolated using silica gel, ODS, and preparative HPLC, with structures determined via NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and acid

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Melekhina, Viktoria Y., Anna V. Vlasova, and Sergey O. Ilyin. "Asphaltenes from Heavy Crude Oil as Ultraviolet Stabilizers against Polypropylene Aging." Polymers 15, no. 21 (2023): 4313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15214313.

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The destruction of polymers under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the cause of their aging and deterioration of strength properties. Asphaltenes are low-value waste products after the refining and deasphalting of heavy crude oil, which absorb UV radiation well. Asphaltenes require rational utilization, which suggests their use as UV stabilizing agents for polymers. In this work, asphaltenes were used to prevent UV aging of polypropylene (PP) by adding them in a mass fraction from 5% to 30% within an asphaltene/PP composite material. Rheometry, calorimetry, X-ray diffraction anal

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Tarasenko, Victor F. "Excilamps as efficient UVVUV light sources." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 3 (2002): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274030465.

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Operating parameters of powerful UV and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excilamps with different discharge geometry excited by capacitive discharge, barrier discharge, glow discharge, and UV-preionized discharge were investigated. Intense radiation of Ar2*, Kr2*, Xe2*, ArF*, KrBr*, KrCl*, KrF*, XeI*, Cl2, XeBr*, XeCl*, XeF* molecules and I* atoms was obtained in rare gas or in rare gasF2 (Br2, CH3Br, Cl2, Br2, HCl, I2, NF3) mixtures.

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Jahdi, R., and M. Arabi. "MONITORING SUMMER SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET (UV) RADIATION ON THE GROUND LEVEL OVER ARDABIL-SAREIN, NW IRAN." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W1-2022 (January 13, 2023): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w1-2022-327-2023.

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Abstract. The UV radiation level at the Earth’s surface is generally affected by several factors such as time, geographic location, and climate. The first observations of solar UV radiation ever made in NW Iran, obtained in June 2019 are reported in this work. The analysis of hourly values of UV irradiances measured in the study area reveals significant diurnal variation during daylight hours, with lower values in the morning and afternoon and higher around noon. Mean hourly UV (A+B) ranged from 2755 to 10434 µW/cm2 with an average value being about 7960 µW/cm2. Mean hourly UV (C) ranged from

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Kolb, C., R. Abart, A. Bérces, et al. "An ultraviolet simulator for the incident Martian surface radiation and its applications." International Journal of Astrobiology 4, no. 3-4 (2005): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550405002764.

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can act on putative organic/biological matter at the Martian surface in several ways. Only absorbed, but not transmitted or reflected, radiation energy can be photo-chemically effective. The most important biological UV effects are due to photochemical reactions in nucleic acids, DNA or RNA, which constitute the genetic material of all cellular organisms and viruses. Protein or lipid effects generally play a minor role, but they are also relevant in some cases. UV radiation can induce wavelengths-specific types of DNA damage. At the same time it can also induce the p

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Tank, Suzanne E., and David W. Schindler. "The role of ultraviolet radiation in structuring epilithic algal communities in Rocky Mountain montane lakes: evidence from pigments and taxonomy." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 8 (2004): 1461–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-080.

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We investigated changes in the community structure of epilithic (rock-dwelling) algae brought about by ultraviolet-A and -B radiation (UV-A and UV-B, respectively), using measurements of biovolume of individual taxa, and taxonomically diagnostic photosynthetic pigments. We undertook our study in four Canadian Rocky Mountain montane lakes, where downwelling ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can be intense. Although taxonomic counts revealed significant decreases in algal community diversity under UV-A and UV-B exposure, they revealed no other significant trends in algal community composition. Instead

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Fazullin, D. D., G. V. Mavrin, and I. G. Shaikhiev. "Influence of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Properties of Polymer Microfiltration Membranes." Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov 57, no. 4 (2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52577/eom.2021.57.4.54.

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To improve the parameters of the process of membrane separation of oil-in-water emulsions, the surface of thin-film membranes of nylon, cellulose acetateб and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was treated with ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the wavelength range 280–320 nm at a radiation power of 36 W, during 1–10 min. As a result of exposure to UV radiation, a change in the mass of the membranes was revealed depending on the treatment time. Thus, for membranes made of nylon and PTFE, an increase in weight is not significant, while for a membrane made of cellulose acetate, a decrease in weight up t

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Sugimura, Kazuyuki, Massimo Ricotti, Jongwon Park, Fred Angelo Batan Garcia, and Hidenobu Yajima. "Violent Starbursts and Quiescence Induced by Far-ultraviolet Radiation Feedback in Metal-poor Galaxies at High Redshift." Astrophysical Journal 970, no. 1 (2024): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad499a.

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Abstract JWST observations of galaxies at z ≳ 8 suggest that they are more luminous and clumpier than predicted by most models, prompting several proposals on the physics of star formation and feedback in the first galaxies. In this paper, we focus on the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in regulating star formation by performing a set of cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations of one galaxy at subparsec resolution with different radiative feedback models. We find that the suppression of cooling by far-UV (FUV) radiation (i.e., H2 dissociating radiation) from Population II stars is

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10

Chen, Yashu, Fenghong Huang, David Julian McClements, Bijun Xie, Zhida Sun, and Qianchun Deng. "Oligomeric Procyanidin Nanoliposomes Prevent Melanogenesis and UV Radiation-Induced Skin Epithelial Cell (HFF-1) Damage." Molecules 25, no. 6 (2020): 1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061458.

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The potential protective effect of nanoliposomes loaded with lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidin (LSOPC) against melanogenesis and skin damaging was investigated. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that, after encapsulation, the LSOPC-nanoliposomes still possessed strong inhibitory effects against melanogenesis, reducing the activity of both monophenolase and diphenolase. Molecular docking indicated that LSOPC could generate intense interactive configuration with tyrosinase through arene–H, arene–arene, and hydrophobic interaction. An ultraviolet radiated cell-culture model (human foreskin fibr

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Abdullah, S. Alsimairi. "Durability and Performance of Exterior Furniture Coatings in Arabian Gulf Climates: Materials, Methods, and Resistance Strategies." International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research 13, no. 1 (2025): 29–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15421795.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> The Arabian Gulf region, characterized by its extreme environmental conditions, poses unique challenges for the durability and performance of exterior furniture coatings. High temperatures, intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation, humidity, and airborne salinity create a harsh setting that accelerates the degradation of protective coatings. This article explores the materials, application methods, and resistance strategies tailored to ensure the longevity and aesthetic appeal of outdoor furniture in such climates. By examining the interplay of environmental stressors, coa

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Arkhangelskaya, Anna Nikolaevna, Mariya Valentinovna Ivkina, Konstantin Georgievich Gurevich, and Dmitriy Sergeevich Korolev. "The influence of uv radiation on health and professional activities of athletes." Fizioterapevt (Physiotherapist), no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-14-2102-03.

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Currently, the problem of improving sports performance and increasing professional longevity is relevant, which is directly related to the indicators of physical performance and the prevention of diseases, including those of the musculoskeletal system that are common in athletes. Intense loads and muscle fatigue lead to a constant overstrain and increase the risk of injury and the development of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in this professional group. The balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body is essential for ensuring the normal structure and function of the musculoskeletal s

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Bartnik, A., W. Skrzeczanowski, H. Fiedorowicz, P. Wachulak, and T. Fok. "Low-temperature plasmas induced in nitrogen by extreme ultraviolet (EUV) pulses." Laser and Particle Beams 36, no. 1 (2018): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000982.

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AbstractIn this work, a comparative study of low-temperature plasmas, induced in a gaseous nitrogen by photoionization of the gas using two different irradiation systems, was performed. Both systems were based on laser-produced Xe plasmas, emitting intense extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation pulses in a wide wavelength range. The essential difference between the systems concerned formation of the EUV beam. The first one utilized a dedicated ellipsoidal mirror for collecting and focusing of the EUV radiation. This way a high radiation fluence could be obtained for ionization of the N2 gas injec

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Cassatella, A., F. A. Córdova, M. Friedjung, J. Kenyom, L. Piro, and R. Viotti. "X-Ray and Ultraviolet Observations of AG Draconis during Quiescence and Outburst." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 93 (1987): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100105652.

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AbstractWe describe the first X-ray monitoring of a symbiotic star during phases of enhanced activity. AG Dra is a Pop II object with a composite spectrum, characterized by a cool K-type component, prominent high ionization emission lines and a strong UV continuum which is attributed to a hot dwarf companion. Periodic variability of the UV radiation during minimum could be attributed to the orbital motion of the system. In April 1980 HEAO-2 detected an intense, soft X-ray flux from AG Dra, stronger than in other symbiotic stars. After one major outburst of November 1980, which continued until

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Omar, Ahmad Fairuz, Wan Long Chiong, Wei Yee Tan, and Jia Wen Wong. "EBT3-based dosimeter in characterizing UVA–LEDs with lambertian radiation pattern." Sensor Review 39, no. 4 (2019): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-08-2018-0207.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose an area under the curve model to represent ultraviolet (UV) exposure doses on EBT3 films (in mJ/cm2). The model was developed on a cross-section of the exposed films using visible absorbance method. Ultraviolet–A light emitting diodes (UVA–LEDs) with 20° and 60° half angle with distinctive peak emission wavelengths between 365 to 405 nm are used in this experiment. No similar experimental setup or findings have been reported thus far, though the various application of EBT3 for the measurement of solar UV (A + B) have been published since EBT3 is commercially

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Noh, Youngwook, Jaehak Shin, Horim Lee, Gyu Young Kim, Manoj Kumar, and Dongjin Lee. "Decoration of Ag Nanoparticle on ZnO Nanowire by Intense Pulsed Light and Enhanced UV Photodetector." Chemosensors 9, no. 11 (2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9110321.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) are wide-bandgap semiconductors that absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Various post-treatment processes have been studied to improve the optical properties of the as-grown ZnO NWs. Among them, Ag nanoparticles (NPs) effectively improved the optical properties on the surface of the ZnO NWs. In this study, ZnO NWs were synthesized via the hydrothermal synthesis method. ZnO NWs were decorated with Ag NPs on the surface of the ZnO NWs in a silver nitrate (AgNO3) aqueous solution by intense pulsed light (IPL) irradiation. Ag NPs were successfully decorated under th

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Xu, Yanling, Bo Tian, Hongzhou Zhu, and Junxin Wang. "Aging Behavior of Styrene–Butadiene Rubber (SBR)-Modified Asphalt Under the Coupled Effects of Intense UV Radiation and Large Temperature Differences." Materials 18, no. 11 (2025): 2527. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18112527.

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Intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation is often accompanied by large temperature differences in high-altitude cold regions. Therefore, investigating the aging behavior of SBR asphalt under intense UV radiation and large temperature differences is crucial for prolonging the lifespan and maintenance of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)-modified asphalt pavements in high-altitude cold regions. This study investigated the aging process of SBR-modified asphalt by analyzing the chemical components, microstructures, and micromechanics of both base and SBR-modified asphalt under combined effects. Attenuated

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Suzuki, Yuta, Hisakazu Uchiyama, Yoshiki Matsuoka, et al. "Environments around Quasars at z ∼ 3 Revealed by Wide-field Imaging with Subaru HSC and CFHT." Astrophysical Journal 972, no. 1 (2024): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad65d7.

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Abstract We examine the local density environments around 67 quasars at z ∼ 3 by combining the imaging data of Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program and Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Large Area U-band Deep Survey over about 20 deg2. Our measurements exploit U-dropout galaxies in the vicinities of quasars taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that the quasars have an indistinguishable surrounding density distribution from the U-dropout galaxies and that three quasars are associated with protocluster candidates within a projected separation of 3′. According to a halo evolutionar

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Dartnell, Lewis R., Michael C. Storrie-Lombardi, and John M. Ward. "Complete fluorescent fingerprints of extremophilic and photosynthetic microbes." International Journal of Astrobiology 9, no. 4 (2010): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550410000224.

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AbstractThe work reported here represents a study into the total fluorescence exhibited by a broad selection of model, extremophilic and photosynthetic bacterial strains, over a great range of excitation and emission wavelengths from ultraviolet (UV) through visible to near infrared. The aim is to identify distinctive fluorescent features that may serve as detectable biosignatures of remnant microbial life on the Martian surface. A lab-bench fluorescence spectrometer was used to generate an excitation–emission matrix (EEM) for the unpigmented Escherichia coli, radiation-resistant Deinococcus r

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Saber, Ismail, Andrzej Bartnik, Wojciech Skrzeczanowski, et al. "Experimental and theoretical study on emission spectra of a nitrogen photoionized plasma induced by intense EUV pulses." EPJ Web of Conferences 167 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816703006.

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Spectral lines of low-temperature nitrogen photoionized plasma were investigated. The photoionized plasma was created in the result of irradiation N2 gas using laser plasma EUV radiation pulses. The source was based on a 10J/10ns Nd:YAG (λ = 1064 nm) laser system and a gas puff target. The EUV radiation pulses were collected and focused using a grazing incidence multifoil EUV collector. The emission spectra were measured in the ultraviolet and visible (UV/Vis) range. It was found that the plasma emission lines in the lower region of the UV range are relativley weak. Nonetheless, a part of the

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Kaczmarek, Halina, Patryk Rybczyński, Piotr Maćczak, Aleksander Smolarkiewicz-Wyczachowski, and Marta Ziegler-Borowska. "Chitosan as a Protective Matrix for the Squaraine Dye." Materials 14, no. 5 (2021): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051171.

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Chitosan was used as a protective matrix for the photosensitive dye-squaraine (2,4-bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]cyclobutane-1,3-diol). The physicochemical properties of the obtained systems, both in solution and in a solid-state, were investigated. However, it was found that diluted chitosan solutions with a few percent additions of dye show an intense fluorescence, which is suppressed in the solid-state. This is related to the morphology of the heterogeneous modified chitosan films. The important advantage of using a biopolymer matrix is the prevention of dye degradation under the influence of

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Sliney, David H. "How Light Reaches the Eye and Its Components." International Journal of Toxicology 21, no. 6 (2002): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810290169927.

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The human eye is exquisitely sensitive to light (i.e., visible radiant energy), and when dark-adapted, the retina can detect a few photons of blue-green light. It is therefore not at all surprising that ocular tissues are also more vulnerable to ultraviolet (UV) and light damage than the skin. For this reason, humans have evolved with certain anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits that protect this critical organ from the UV damage that would otherwise be certain from the intense bath of overhead solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) when we are outdoors during daylight. For example, the

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Mitani, Hiroto, Riouhei Nakatani, and Naoki Yoshida. "Physics of the atmospheric escape driven by EUV photoionization heating: Classification of the hydrodynamic escape in close-in planets." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 17, S370 (2021): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921322003556.

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AbstractThe intense extreme ultraviolet radiation heats the upper atmosphere of close-in exoplanets and drives the atmospheric escape. The escaping process determines the planetary evolution of close-in planets. The mass loss rate depends on the UV flux at the planet. We introduce the relevant physical quantities which describe the dominant physics in the atmosphere. We find that the equilibrium temperature and the characteristic temperature determine whether the system becomes energy-limited or recombination-limited. We classify the observed close-in planets using the physical conditions. We

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SHAPIRO, D. "ION LASER THEORY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 18n19 (1996): 2405–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979296001070.

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Ion lasers, especially argon, are the most powerful sources of visible and near UV continuous coherent radiation. The active medium of lasers is low-temperature plasma. They are familiar to scientists and engineers from the 70’s. However, a series of physical effects remained unclear and there was a barrier to enhancing the power and improving the quality of the output radiation. The theory of ion lasers is developed at the interface between plasma physics and quantum optics. This paper covers the solution of some of these physical problems, particularly, the high-current regime of gas dischar

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Bentham, G. "Depletion of the ozone layer: consequences for non-infectious human diseases." Parasitology 106, S1 (1993): S39—S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000086108.

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SUMMARYStratospheric ozone depletion threatens to increase exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation which is known to be a factor in a number of diseases. There is little doubt that cumulative exposure to UV radiation is important in the aetiology of non-melanoma skin cancers. Evidence is also strong for a link with cutaneous malignant melanoma, although here it appears to be intermittent intense exposure that is most damaging. More controversial is the view that exposure to solar radiation is a significant factor in ocular damage, particularly in the formation of cataracts. Earlier studies poin

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Fraga, Nathalia de Castro, Beatriz de Luna Costa Pinheiro, Luiza Freitas Mello, et al. "THE IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOPROTECTION IN PREVENTING SIGNS OF SKIN AGEING AND CARING FOR SKIN HEALTH." International Seven Journal of Health Research 4, no. 1 (2025): 2–20. https://doi.org/10.56238/isevjhv4n1-001.

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Introduction: Photoprotection is fundamental in preventing signs of skin ageing and in caring for skin health. Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation accelerates premature aging, characterized by wrinkles, loss of elasticity, hyperpigmentation and other cumulative damage to cellular DNA, as well as increasing the risk of developing skin cancer. Objective: To analyze the relevance of photoprotection as an indispensable strategy for preventing the signs of skin aging and maintaining skin health. Methodology: This study used a literature review methodology to investigate the importance of

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Nanz, Lena, Ulrike Keim, Alexander Katalinic, Thomas Meyer, Claus Garbe, and Ulrike Leiter. "Epidemiology of Keratinocyte Skin Cancer with a Focus on Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Cancers 16, no. 3 (2024): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16030606.

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Keratinocyte skin cancer, consisting of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is by far the most common cancer in white-skinned populations, with rapid increases over the last 50 years. While the age-standardized incidence rates increase worldwide, the age-standardized mortality rates are variable. The incidence rates of keratinocyte skin cancer are much higher compared to those of melanoma, and are largely attributed to the raising exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the most important causal risk factor for skin cancer. Whereas the development of BCC is mainly due

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Li, Hailian, Peipei Tong, Xijun Zhang, Xixiong Lin, and Bo Li. "Influence of Ultraviolet and Oxygen Coupling Aging on Rheological Properties and Functional Group Index of Warm Mix Asphalt Binder." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194216.

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Warm-mixed asphalt (WMA) has the characteristics of low mixing temperature and energy consumption, which makes it more suitable than hot-mixed asphalt for plateau regions (the altitude is above 500 m, and the terrain is relatively flat or has a wide area with certain undulations). However, WMA is subject to severe ultraviolet (UV) aging because the UV radiation in plateau areas is more intense. The asphalt’s aging changes its rheological properties inevitably, and thus degrades the asphalt pavement’s performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of UV and oxy

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Cruces, Edgardo, Víctor M. Cubillos, Eduardo Ramírez-Kushel, et al. "Photophysiological and Oxidative Responses of the Symbiotic Estuarine Anemone Anthopleura hermaphroditica to the Impact of UV Radiation and Salinity: Field and Laboratory Approaches." Antioxidants 13, no. 10 (2024): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13101239.

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The estuarine anemone Anthopleura hermaphroditica and its symbiont Philozoon anthopleurum are continuously exposed to intense fluctuations in solar radiation and salinity owing to tidal changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the tidal cycle, solar radiation, and salinity fluctuations on the photosynthetic and cellular responses (lipid peroxidation, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity) of the symbiont complex over a 24 h period in the Quempillén River Estuary. Additionally, laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the specific photobiological resp

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Dramićanin, Miroslav D., Mikhail G. Brik, Željka Antić, et al. "Pr3+ Visible to Ultraviolet Upconversion for Antimicrobial Applications." Nanomaterials 15, no. 7 (2025): 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15070562.

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This paper addresses the upconversion of blue light to ultraviolet-C (UVC) with Pr3+-activated materials for antibacterial applications of UVC. It discusses the processes through which UV radiation provides biocidal effects on microorganisms, along with the most popular UVC sources employed in these processes. We describe the electronic and optical properties of the Pr3+ ion, emphasizing the conditions the host material must meet to obtain broad and intense emission in the UVC from parity-allowed transitions from the 4f5d levels and provide a list of materials that fulfill these conditions. Th

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Jung, Intae, Swara Ravindranath, Anne E. Jaskot, Henry C. Ferguson та Bethan L. James. "Local Analogs of Potential Ionizers of the Intergalactic Medium: Compact Star-forming Galaxies with Intense C IV λ1550 Emission". Astrophysical Journal 988, № 1 (2025): 4. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adde49.

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Abstract We performed spectroscopic analyses of five local compact star-forming galaxies (CSFGs) with extremely high [O iii]/[O ii] (O32) ratios (>20). These targets remarkably share similar properties with high-redshift C iv emitters at z > 6: high Hβ equivalent widths (EWs > 200Å), extreme O32 ratios, low metallicities (12+log(O/H) ≲ 7.8), low C/O abundances (log(C/O) < −0.7), and high ionization conditions (logU > −2). The ultraviolet (UV) spectra were acquired using the Hubble Space Telescope’s (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. We ha

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Melott, A. L., B. S. Lieberman, C. M. Laird, et al. "Did a gamma-ray burst initiate the late Ordovician mass extinction?" International Journal of Astrobiology 3, no. 1 (2004): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550404001910.

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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) produce a flux of radiation detectable across the observable Universe. A GRB within our own galaxy could do considerable damage to the Earth's biosphere; rate estimates suggest that a dangerously near GRB should occur on average two or more times per billion years. At least five times in the history of life, the Earth has experienced mass extinctions that eliminated a large percentage of the biota. Many possible causes have been documented, and GRBs may also have contributed. The late Ordovician mass extinction approximately 440 million years ago may be at least partly

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Lynn, Darren, Trevor Jones, Jacob Whitsitt, et al. "The impact of ultraviolet photography on the sun safety awareness and behavior of skiers and snowboarders." Journal of Epidemiological Research 2, no. 1 (2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v2n1p9.

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Objective: Snow sport enthusiasts, such as snowboarders and skiers, are a less studied population at significant risk for ultraviolet(UV) exposure due to long hours spent at high altitudes with more intense UV radiation. Studies have documented the efficacy ofUV photography to impact sun protection habits by individuals with a range of skin cancer risk factors. Informing snow sportenthusiasts of their sun damage through UV photography may be a way to change this population’s perception and behavior of sun protection.Methods: A UV camera was utilized at the 2013 SnowSports Industries America Sn

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Machado, Antonio E. H., Marcela D. França, Valdemir Velani, et al. "Characterization and Evaluation of the Efficiency of TiO2/Zinc Phthalocyanine Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Wastewater Treatment Using Solar Irradiation." International Journal of Photoenergy 2008 (2008): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/482373.

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This work reports the characterization of composites prepared by the association between zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and titanium dioxide. These composites are better photocatalysts for wastewater decontamination mediated by solar radiation than pureTiO2, performance that remains even when reused. The UV-Vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra show for these composites two intense absorption bands. The first covers the ultraviolet and part of the visible spectrum region until 460 nm (2.7 eV), whereas the second, nonstructured, goes from 475 nm until the near infrared with an absorption peak

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Al Wayli, Hessa. "Xeroderma pigmentosum and its dental implications." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 01 (2015): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.149664.

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ABSTRACTXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by defective DNA repair leading to clinical and cellular hypersensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and carcinogenic agents. Important clinical features are: Intense cutaneous photosensitivity, xerosis, poikiloderma, actinic keratosis, acute burning under minimal sun exposure, erythemas, hyperpigmented lentiginous macules, and malignant lesions in sun-exposed areas, including basocellular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. There is a great involvement of many parts of the body, es

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Xie, Xiangbing, Huixia Li, Junchao Duan, Guanghui Li, and Shenjia Tong. "Influence of the Mineral Powder Content on the Asphalt Aging Resistance in High-Altitude Areas Based on Indoor Ultraviolet Light Tests." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030754.

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Intense ultraviolet irradiation is an important environmental factor affecting the service performance of asphalt mixtures in high-altitude areas, and the asphalt mortar is the main factor affecting the durability of asphalt mixtures. It is of great theoretical significance and engineering value to study the performance of the asphalt mortar at medium and low temperatures under ultraviolet irradiation. Therefore, this paper focuses on the evolution of the effect of the filler content on the rheological properties of different asphalt materials at low and medium temperatures under quantitative

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Bartnik, A., W. Skrzeczanowski, P. Wachulak, et al. "Spectral investigations of low-temperature plasma induced in CO₂ gas by nanosecond pulses of extreme ultraviolet (EUV)." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 30, no. 11 (2021): 115008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ac2e9a.

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Abstract In this work, low-temperature plasmas, induced in a gaseous CO2 by intense extreme ultraviolet (EUV) pulses were investigated with a purpose to determine their ionic/molecular composition and the resulting, potentially reactive species. Two laser-produced plasma EUV sources based on a xenon gas puff target were used to irradiate and ionize of the CO2 gas. The sources, driven by Nd:YAG lasers of different parameters, delivered EUV beams created using reflective, focusing collectors. The CO2-based, low-temperature plasmas induced using both systems, emitted radiation in a wide wavelengt

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Maupin-Furlow, Julie. "Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases of Archaea." Antioxidants 7, no. 10 (2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox7100124.

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Methionine sulfoxide reductases are found in all domains of life and are important in reversing the oxidative damage of the free and protein forms of methionine, a sulfur containing amino acid particularly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Archaea are microbes of a domain of life distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes. Archaea are well known for their ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions that range from habitats of high ROS, such as hypersaline lakes of intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation and desiccation, to hydrothermal vents of low concentrations of dissolved oxygen at

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Korchagin, Vladimir, Igor Sysoev, Vladimir Kuzmenko, and Irina Kuzmenko. "Functional coatings with carbon quantum dots for solar cells." E3S Web of Conferences 541 (2024): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454101006.

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Currently, research in the world of science is expanding in the field of improving the design parameters of photoconverters, ensuring an increase in their coefficient of performance (efficiency) and an increase in service life. The purpose of the research carried out by the authors of this article is to create a functional coating of solar cell surfaces that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation, allowing to reduce the degree of wear of the active material and increase the overall efficiency of converting solar energy into electrical energy. To confirm the formulated scientific hypothesis abou

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Nikulina, A. N., N. A. Nikulin, and A. A. Zimin. "Study of the Influence of Physicochemical Factors on Frequency of Plasmid Transduction by Bacteriophage RB49." Biofizika 69, no. 3 (2004): 544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0006302924030117.

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The T4-related bacteropihage RB49 is capable of generalized transduction of plasmids at a relatively high frequency. Due to this mechanism, bacteria can obtain the ability to adapt to varying environmental conditions and survive in new ecological niches. The effect of pH, temperature and long-wave ultraviolet irradiation (λ = 366 nm) on the characteristics of the RB49 phage preparation containing transducing particles with pTurboGFP-B plasmid DNA and virulent particles which have their own DNA. The data were obtained for the changes in the titer of virulent particles and the frequency of trans

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Giang, Nguyen Chau, and Thiem Hoang. "Modeling Grain Rotational Disruption by Radiative Torques and Extinction of Active Galactic Nuclei." Astrophysical Journal 922, no. 1 (2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac1116.

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Abstract Extinction curves observed toward individual Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) usually show a steep rise toward far-ultraviolet (FUV) wavelengths and can be described by the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC)-like dust model. This feature suggests the dominance of small dust grains of size a ≤ 0.1 μm in the local environment of AGN, but the origin of such small grains is unclear. In this paper, we aim to explain this observed feature by applying the RAdiative Torque Disruption (RATD) to model the extinction of AGN radiation from FUV to mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths. We find that in the intense

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Yang, Sungjun, Seungyong Shin, Heonji Ha, and Sangmoon Park. "Nonstoichiometric LaO0.65F1.7 Structure and Its Green Luminescence Property Doped with Bi3+ and Tb3+ Ions for Applying White UV LEDs." Materials 15, no. 12 (2022): 4222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124222.

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Red–green–blue phosphors excited by ultraviolet (UV) radiation for white light LEDs have received much attention to improve the efficiency, color rendering index (CRI), and chromatic stability. The spectral conversion of a rare-earth ion-doped nonstoichiometric LaO0.65F1.7 host was explored with structural analysis in this report. The nonstoichiometric structure of a LaO0.65F1.7 compound, synthesized by a solid-state reaction using La2O3 and excess NH4F precursors, was analyzed by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. The crystallized LaO0.65F1.7 host, which had a tetragonal space group of P4/

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Mancini, Anthony J. "Skin." Pediatrics 113, Supplement_3 (2004): 1114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.s3.1114.

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Human skin provides a barrier between the host and the physical, chemical, and biological environment. It is also a potential portal of entry for hazardous or infectious agents and a potential target of environmental toxins. Cutaneous vulnerability may take on many forms in the embryo, infant, child, and adolescent. Teratogenic agents may occasionally target skin, as appreciated in the proposed association of the antithyroid medication methimazole, with the congenital malformation known as aplasia cutis congenita. Percutaneous absorption of topically applied substances and the potential for re

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Bulak, M., D. M. Paardekooper, G. Fedoseev, and H. Linnartz. "Novel approach to distinguish between vacuum UV-induced ice photodesorption and photoconversion." Astronomy & Astrophysics 636 (April 2020): A32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937298.

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Context. In cold regions of the interstellar medium with intense ultraviolet radiation fields, photodesorption has been suggested as a nonthermal desorption mechanism promoting the transition of molecules from the solid state to the gas phase. Laboratory experiments measuring photodesorption rates are crucial in attempting to explain high molecular gas phase abundances of species that are expected to form in the solid state, such as methane, methanol, and acetonitrile, and to aid astrochemical modeling. Due to the convoluted competition between photodesorption and photoconversion, it is far fr

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Herndon, Rebecca M., Jay Balasubramanian, Magdy Abdelrahman, and Klaus Woelk. "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Assessment of Bio and Crude Oil-Based Rejuvenation." Physchem 4, no. 3 (2024): 344–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physchem4030024.

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Asphalt binders in pavements lose their stability through aging and eventually fail in the field. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to monitor the primary longitudinal relaxation time of asphalt samples and the ratio of material that carries this primary relaxation time has been shown to indicate the impact of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the aging of asphalt pavements. Longitudinal NMR relaxation was used to investigate two types of proposed asphalt rejuvenators, a bio-oil-based rejuvenator and a crude-oil-based rejuvenator. Two different binders with the performance grades (PG) 64-22 a

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Rocha, Christiane Karini, Elisandre Maria Camelo Gomes Natario, Suelen Camila Alves da Silva, Vicenzo Bellincanta Dallazen, and Ana Carolina Gazzola Braga. "CARCINOMA IN SITU DA PELE: RETRATO DE 5 ANOS DAS TAXAS DE MORTALIDADE NO BRASIL." Revista ft 29, no. 144 (2025): 05–06. https://doi.org/10.69849/revistaft/ar10202503062205.

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Skin cancer is the most common neoplasm in Brazil, accounting for around 30% of all malignant tumors. The high rates of skin cancer in Brazil are attributed to intense exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and phenotypic characteristics of the population, such as fair skin and freckles. An ecological study, based on data from the DATASUS Mortality Information System (SIM), analyzed deaths from in situ skin carcinoma from 2019 to 2023, revealing that the Northeast region had the highest death rate (42.39%), followed by the Southeast (34.01%). Chronic sun exposure, especially in the elderly, an

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Bashir, Aneeqa, Mehwish Farooq, Abdul Malik, Shahzad Naseem, and Arshad Saleem Bhatti. "UV-A Treatment of ZrO2 Thin Films Fabricated by Environmental Friendlier Water-Based Solution Processing: Structural and Optical Studies." Coatings 11, no. 7 (2021): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070821.

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An environmentally friendlier solution processing has been introduced to fabricate zirconium oxide (ZrO2) films on quartz substrates, using spin coating of simple water-based solution. The films cured with UV-A = 330 nm for different times (40, 80, 120 min) were investigated for structural and optical properties and compared with thermally annealed film (at 350 °C). XRD and Raman spectroscopy showed amorphous structure in all the samples with no significant phase transformation with UV-A exposure. AFM microscopy showed smooth and crack free films with surface roughness ≤2 nm that reduced with

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Zeller, Katja, Stephan Mühleisen, Pranavi Shanmugarajah, Nicole Fehler, Robin Haag, and Martin Hessling. "Influence of Visible Violet, Blue and Red Light on the Development of Cataract in Porcine Lenses." Medicina 58, no. 6 (2022): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58060721.

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Background and Objectives: Cataract is a disease that is globally prevalent in today’s population and occurs mostly in the elderly. It is an opacity of the lens that worsens vision and can lead to blindness. One well-known risk factor of cataract is ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, increasing exposure to modern artificial light sources like light emitting diodes (LEDs) and displays might have an impact on cataract formation due to possible high (and hidden) blue radiation. An ex-vivo study indicates that intense blue radiation causes cataract in porcine lenses. The goal of this work is the

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Li, Ruixia, Wei Zhu, Hailong Chen, Xiao Li, Linhao Sun, and Jinchao Yue. "Influence of Aging and Salt–Alkali Coupling on the Fatigue and Self-Healing Behavior of Graphene Oxide-Modified Asphalt." Materials 18, no. 8 (2025): 1808. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081808.

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The harsh environments in saline–alkaline areas and high-altitude regions with intense ultraviolet radiation pose great challenges to the durability of asphalt pavements. The fatigue performance of asphalt binder significantly determines the actual service life of asphalt pavements. Existing studies have predominantly focused on the impact of individual environmental factors (e.g., aging and saline–alkaline erosion) on asphalt performance, yet there remains a notable research gap in the systematic analysis of asphalt’s fatigue and self-healing behavior under coupled multi-factor interactions,

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Guarcello, M. G., J. J. Drake, N. J. Wright, et al. "Photoevaporation and Close Encounters: How the Environment around Cygnus OB2 Affects the Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 269, no. 1 (2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acdd67.

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Abstract In our Galaxy, star formation occurs in a variety of environments, with a large fraction of stars formed in clusters hosting massive stars. OB stars have an important feedback on the evolution of protoplanetary disks orbiting around nearby young stars and likely on the process of planet formation occurring in them. The nearby massive association Cyg OB2 is an outstanding laboratory to study this feedback. It is the closest massive association to our Sun and hosts hundreds of massive stars and thousands of low-mass members, both with and without disks. In this paper, we analyze the spa

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