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Datalkar, Ajinkya. "CPU cooling by interfacing peltier unit with onboard PWM controller." International Journal of Research and Engineering 4, no. 11 (2017): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijre.2017.4.11.2.
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A.M. Alias, M. N., S. N. Mohyar, M. N. Isa, A. Harun, A. B. Jambek, and S. A. Z. Murad. "Design and analysis of dedicated real-time clock for customized microcontroller unit." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 2 (2019): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i2.pp796-801.
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<span>In this paper, a Real Time Clock (RTC) system for a dedicated microcontroller is proposed to provide the customized microcontroller its own time and date system. The RTC is developed using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) and simulated using Synopsys software. This RTC is developed with standard Advance Peripheral Bus (APB) to be interfacing with the microcontroller through Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA). This RTC will be used as an on-chip RTC in the microcontroller system to provide precise time and date which can be used for various applications. The basic architecture of RTC, APB standard for interfacing the RTC with AMBA bus, and the result in term of RTL, waveform, and layout will be discussed in this documentation. For this research, the part covered is on the logic part of the RTC that is bus interface, register, frequency divider and counter.</span>
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Himanshu, Lunia Meera Bagdai. "BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACING WITH IoT FUNTIONALITY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 8 (2016): 404–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.59673.
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Brain dead people and people having any disability related to brain cannot normally communicate with others and for their betterment some electronic need to be developed and Brain Machine Interfacing (BMI) is one such solution. BMI includes extracting brain signals directly from the skull of the subject and interfacing it with a machine to determine the state of thinking and act accordingly. The brainwaves are collected by non-invasive electrodes and the output is fed to an amplifier and filter circuit which is then fed into an ADC to process and recognize which act the subject wish to perform. Also for additional functionality Internet of Things (IoT) feature is added so that subject can control devices and perform any act even from remote locations. The complete module is developed with the help of Tiva C series TM4C1294 board for ADC and as processing unit, CC3100 for providing IoT feature and Beaglebone Black (BBB) to work as a processor at the receiver end.
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Matangira, Tapiwanashe, Arthur Ndlovu, and Chrispen Mafirabadza. "HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACING VIA PERIPHERAL SENSORY NEURON STIMULATION." International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing 11, no. 10 (2022): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2022.v11i10.004.
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Electronics Travels Aids (ETAs) are electronic devices that are created to help the blind navigate their environment. To help the visually impaired people to navigate the environment, this paper seeks to address the following goals: • Detect object in path of travel • Detect motion of object • Detect horizontal • Detect vertical location of object • Detect shape of object Brail Vision consists of a belt of vibro-motor actuators which will be mounted to user’s head, and an android phone as the processing unit and camera. The ETA was mainly developed to enable experimentation with the algorithm proposed which is described in detail in this paper. The proposed system managed to meet 80% of the targets. The paper details how the proposed system was implemented and tested.
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Nasrunna Nasrul, Dara Sabhira, Nasrul ZA, and Muhammad Muhammad. "APLIKASI KONTROL PID PADA OUTLET GAS UNIT SLUG CATCHER METODE INTERFACING HYSYS-MATLAB." Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 10, no. 2 (2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jtku.v10i2.5532.
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Penelitian Kontrol Proportional – Integral (PI) adalah kontroller yang berfungsi menentukan presisi suatu sistem instrumentasi dengan karakteristik adanya umpan balik pada sistem tersebut (Feed back). Slug Catcher adalah sebuah alat pemisah digunakan untuk memisahkan lumpur, lendir, minyak, air dan gas yang berasal dari Wellpad. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah membuat model steady state Slug Catcher, lalu mengubah model steady state menjadi model dynamic, lalu membuat model kontrol PI, setelah itu melakukan tuning terhadap kontrol PI dan melakukan pengujian terhadap kontrol PI, dengan cara memberi gangguan pada set point. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan waktu respon tercepat terhadap gangguan tekananan serta mendapatkan variable Kc dan Ti terbaik. Hasil dari penelitian pengaplikasian sistem kontrol PI didapatkan waktu tercepat yaitu 0.1 menit dengan nilai Kc= 1, dan Ti= 0.01. Pada suhu 85.31oC dengan tekanan 4238 kPa dengan laju alir 339.62 MMSCFD. Sedangkan waktu terlama pada hasil pengujian kontrol PID dengan mengubah tekanan menjadi 4270 kPa , yaitu 2.8 menit dengan nilai Kc= 1.07, dan nilai Ti= 0.04.
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Dr. Ananth.J P and Premnath.S P, Dr Belsam Jeba Ananth M. "Smart Energy Meter." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 12 (2020): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst061224.
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In present time Electricity is the necessary thing in the world for human life. Today every home, offices, companies, industries have electricity connection. So here this project is building only for interfacing electricity energy meter with microcontrollers. The main aim of the project is identifying the current meter reading and intimating the user when they are crossing the certain limit. It also identifies the power theft and auto tripping will be done.Here, Arduino is used for interfacing and the main aim of this project is to know, how much unit is obtained and the total amount of rupees has to be paid. That will be sent to the EB office for billing. Excess power usage can also be monitored. Hence, power theft can be avoided. If bill is not paid in time, then it will automatically turn off the power.
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Al-Hashimi, Ahmed, Anis Nurashikin Nordin, and Amelia Wong Azman. "Design of a Reconfigurable, Modular and Multi-Channel Bioimpedance Spectroscopy System." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 8, no. 2 (2017): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp428-440.
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This paper presents the design and implementation of a multichannel bio-impedance spectroscopy system on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The proposed system is capable of acquiring multiple signals from multiple bio-impedance sensors, process the data on the FPGA and store the final data in the on-board Memory. The system employs the Digital Automatic Balance Bridge (DABB) method to acquire data from biosensors. The DABB measures initial data of a known impedance to extrapolate the value of the impedance for the device under test. This method offers a simpler design because the balancing of the circuit is done digitally in the FPGA rather than using an external circuit. Calculations of the impedance values for the device under test were done in the processor. The final data is sent to an onboard Flash Memory to be stored for later access. The control unit handles the interfacing and the scheduling between these different modules (Processor, Flash Memory) as well as interfacing to multiple Balance Bridge and multiple biosensors. The system has been simulated successfully and has comparable performance to other FPGA based solutions. The system has a robust design that is capable of handling and interfacing input from multiple biosensors. Data processing and storage is also performed with minimal resources on the FPGA.
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Snajder, Milan, and Philip W. Holden. "Interfacing war game simulations with tactical C2 systems - dream or reality?" Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 4 (December 30, 2003): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2003.4.200.
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Decision making process in current tactical C2 systems is base on planning process of commanders and their staff. Improving tactical decision making by interfacing war game simulations with tactical C2~systems is achievable. Commander can review the results of the simulation and subsequently modify the tactical plan. Previously, the use of "training" simulations was not a viable solution to real world decision making due to the lengthy time required to input all of the combat entities, the unit organizations and personnel dispositions, the equipment configurations, status of the units and equipment, and the distribution of the available supplies. Modern C2~systems have all of this information stored in the common system databases, and this information can be used to instantiate and populate the simulation through an electronic adaptation of the data structures to match the requirements of the constructive simulation. This paper will provide description of system approach of interfacing simulation and C2 system to improve decision-making.
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Wintermute, Sam, Joseph Xu, and John Laird. "SORTS: A Human-Level Approach to Real-Time Strategy AI." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 3, no. 1 (2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v3i1.18783.
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We developed knowledge-rich agents to play real-time strategy games by interfacing the ORTS game engine to the Soar cognitive architecture. The middleware we developed supports grouping, attention, coordinated path finding, and FSM control of low-level unit behaviors. The middleware attempts to provide information humans use to reason about RTS games, and facilitates creating agent behaviors in Soar. Agents implemented with this system won two out of three categories in the AIIDE 2006 ORTS competition.
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Lata, K. Padole* Rajesh N. Patil. "SOLAR INVERTER IN GRID ORIENTED SYSTEM USING MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 11 (2016): 450–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.167227.
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This paper demonstrates the implementation of a prototype of IPS (instant power supply) system to ensure continuous output current to load in residential application utilizing both Photovoltaic (PV) energy and AC Grid. Utility interfacing PWM inverter designed here to operate by both solar energy and storage batteries that highly satisfies the necessity in rural areas where National Grids are hardly available and power cut problem reduces the effectiveness of IPS. Solar energy gets priority here to charge storage battery rather than AC source that may save hundreds of megawatts power every day. To extend the battery lifetime and keep system components hazard-free, it includes exact battery-level sensing, charging-current controlling by microcontroller unit (MCU) and a cumulative DC/AC MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) charges to congregate maximum PV energy from AC Solar Modules. Investigation on improvement of power-interfacing control and optimization of overall system operation assent to intend usage recommendation in this exposition. Computer simulations and experiment results show the validity of this proposed system to have high power conversion efficiency and low harmonic distortions.
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SARKODIE, KWAME, Christopher Bruce Konu, Michael Edem Kweku Donkor, William Apau Marfo, Gertrude Osei Tutu, and Prosper A. Akaba. "Design and development of a low-cost non-intrusive passive acoustic sensor." Journal of the Ghana Institution of Engineering (JGhIE) 23, no. 3 (2023): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.56049/jghie.v23i3.135.
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In this paper, we report on the development and performance study of a low-cost non-intrusive passive acoustic sensor (NIPAS), suitable for gas flow rate measurement and monitoring in pipelines and other similar applications. Detailed information on the design considerations, development, construction, and assembly of the sensor and its unit are also provided in this paper. The complete NIPAS unit is made up of two sensor heads fixed at the test section of a designed flow loop to receive the acoustic emission signals generated from the varying gas flow rate and processed by a control unit for data collection and analysis. The electronic unit was enclosed in a Perspex casing for easy interfacing and protection. Observations on the performance of the developed NIPAS are presented as a voltage-time signal and analyzed in both time and frequency domains. Calibration of the NIPAS was done using suitable statistical features, which are the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of the signals. Results obtained indicate that the developed NIPAS unit shows proof of concept and it is suitable for measuring and monitoring gas flow rates in pipes.
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Pranjali, V. Gurnule. "Wireless Jamming Networks." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 4 (2018): 1931–35. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd14455.
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A mobile jammer is a device which is used to jam signals of a cell phone from receiving signals from base stations. Mobile jammer is used majorly where the disturbances that are occurred with the cell phones. So, in this paper we are designing a new Mobile Jammer unit which is capable of blocking the working of a cell phone from not receiving signal from Base Station. This was implemented using FPGA by interfacing Mobile Device, RF Transmitter and RF Receiver and LCD Unit. Keywords-Jammers, Mobile Jammer, FPGA, RF Transmitter, RF Receiver, LCD Pranjali V Gurnule "Wireless Jamming Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14455.pdf
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G., Sugumar, and T. Sathiyabama Mrs. "FPGA Based Wireless Jamming Networks." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 6 (2019): 1215–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3589557.
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A mobile jammeris a device which is used to jam signals of cell phone from receiving signals from base stations. Mobile jammer is used majorly where the disturbances that are occurred with the cell phones. So, in this paper we are designing a new Mobile Jammer unit which is capable of blocking the cell phone working not the signal receiving from Base Station, which make effective use of the situation where jammers actually used. This was implemented using FPGA by interfacing Mobile Device, RF Transmitter and RF Receiver and LCD Unit. G. Sugumar | Mrs. T. Sathiyabama "FPGA Based Wireless Jamming Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29343.pdf
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Dr., V. Ravikumar. "INVENTION OF AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE TO ASSESS THE ACCELERATION PERFORMANCE OF SPRINTERS." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education 4, no. 2 (2018): 42–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1462048.
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This is a modern world in this world every field was mechanized by the support of electronic gadgets these are superfluous precise and constant to bring out the effort successfully. The present investigator made an attempt to create an electronic device to assess the acceleration performance of athletes in sprinting events. Presently acceleration timings are accurately not taken in any sprint training in district, divisional and state level coaching programs because of unavailability of suitable equipment. The acceleration time will influence over the performance of sprinters in major role. To find out that Electronic tools has been invented with accurate starting and finishing technique using the following core parts 1.Infrared Transmitters, 2.Infrared Receivers 3.Interfacing Unit, 4.Computer. To attain scientific realness of the gadget 120 subjects were chosen from Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore and the appropriate data were collected using the newly invented equipment while the subjects were running in the 100m sprint training. The collected data were treated with appropriate statistical techniques and obtained Reliability, Validity and objectivity of the device.
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Nguyen, Son, Z. Joan Delalic, David M. Kargbo, Joel B. Sheffield, and Zameer Hasan. "Hardware Design for Multiple Gas Detection System Using Zeolite Coated with Nile Red." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2011, no. 1 (2011): 000861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2011-wp6-posterpapers-paper4.
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The goal of this research is to develop a nanosensor that integrates a zeolite/dye sensing unit with an optoelectronic detector, fully integrated into a portable gas sensor. The device will detect and measure more than one target gas at the same time. Since nanoporous structures of zeolites are manipulated, the device is expected to be more accurate, more sensitive, is able to better differentiate and detect any one target in a mixture of different gases. This is achieved by incorporating fluorescent dyes into the zeolites’ cavities, measuring gas absorption, desorption and photo-chromic interaction of dye and gases, interfacing the zeolite/dye sensor arrays with light source and electronic detectors. The electronic part of the device is fully customized VLSI chip. The final device will be packaged into a portable unit. The designed and packaged prototype will be presented.
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Peiris, Shirosh, Shaahin Filizadeh, and Dharshana Muthumuni. "Modular Dynamic Phasor Modeling and Simulation of Renewable Integrated Power Systems." Energies 17, no. 11 (2024): 2480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17112480.
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This paper presents a dynamic-phasor-based, average-value modeling method for power systems with extensive converter-tied subsystems. In the proposed approach, the overall system model is constructed using modular functions, interfacing both conventional and converter-tied resources. Model validation is performed against detailed Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) simulations. The analytical capabilities offered by the proposed modeling method are demonstrated on a modified IEEE 9-bus system. A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-based parallel computing approach for the solution of the resulting model is presented and exemplified on a modified IEEE 118-bus system, showing significant improvements in computing efficiency over EMT solvers. A co-simulation approach using a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and a GPU is also presented and exemplified using a modified version of the IEEE 118-bus system, demonstrating the model’s parallelization.
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Giovanni, Bucci, Ciancetta Fabrizio, Fiorucci Edoardo, and Mari Simone. "Test platform for electronic control units of high-performance safety-critical multi actuator systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (2020): 4053–72. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4053-4072.
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In this paper we are mostly concerned with the problem of testing electronic control units of synchronized electric power actuators. This task is particularly complex for safety critical applications, where it is crucial that the control system properly reacts in response to the faults that are hard to reproduce and verify. A cost-effective flexible and reconfigurable test platform is proposed, discussing its architecture and implementation. The proposed system facilitates the phase of definition and development of the electronic control unit, allowing the interfacing towards both hydraulic and electromechanical actuators, and having a high flexibility as regards the I/O signals. Some results, obtained during the laboratory test activity, are also presented.
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., NARAHARI BHARGAVI, and B. NAGA RAJESH . "VLSI IMPLEMENTATION OF HIGH SPEED SINGLE PRECESSION FLOATING POINT UNIT USING VERILOG." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Management Sciences 6, no. 1 (2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2022.v06i01.003.
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Single-precision floating-point format is a computer number format that is used to represent a wide dynamic range of values. Floating point numbers representation has widespread dominance over fixed point numbers. Since the recent years, researchers are putting a lot of efforts in interfacing complex modules which are used in signal processing with processors for increasing the speed. In this work implementation of a floating point arithmetic unit which can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division functions on 32-bit operands that use the IEEE 754-2008 standard is done using Verilog. The FPU of this work is a single precision IEEE754 compliant integrated unit. Pre-normalization of operands is employed for addition and subtraction, multiplication using bit pair recoding and division using non restoring division. It can handle not only basic floating point operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division but can also handle operations like transcendental functions like sine, cosine and tangential function. The logical method for Addition and Subtraction operation is expanded in order to decrease the no. of gates used.
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Shafiq, Iqrash, Murid Hussain, Sumeer Shafique, et al. "Systematic Assessment of Visible-Light-Driven Microspherical V2O5 Photocatalyst for the Removal of Hazardous Organosulfur Compounds from Diesel." Nanomaterials 11, no. 11 (2021): 2908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112908.
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The organosulfur compounds present in liquid fuels are hazardous for health, asset, and the environment. The photocatalytic desulfurization technique works at ordinary conditions and removes the requirement of hydrogen, as it is an expensive gas, highly explosive, with a broader flammability range and is declared the most hazardous gas within a petroleum refinery, with respect to flammability. The projected work is based on the synthesis of V2O5 microspheres for photocatalytic oxidation for the straight-run diesel (SRD) and diesel oil blend (DOB). The physicochemical properties of V2O5 microspheres were examined by FT-IR, Raman, UV-vis DRS, SEM, and Photoluminescence evaluations. The as-synthesized photocatalyst presented a trivial unit size, a narrow bandgap, appropriate light-capturing capability, and sufficient active sites. The desulfurization study discovered that the anticipated technique is substantial in desulfurizing DOB up to 37% in 180 min using methanol as an interfacing agent. Furthermore, the outcome of employing a range of polar interfacing solvents was examined, and the 2-ethoxyethanol elevated the desulfurization degree up to 51.3%. However, the anticipated technology is constrained for its application in sulfur removal from SRD. Additionally, the mechanism for a photocatalytic reaction was seen in strong agreement with pseudo-first-order kinetics. The investigated photocatalyst exhibited a compromised recyclability and regeneration tendency.
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Gray, D. J., S. Wang, and R. Brown. "Stability and Sensitivity Enhancement Using ETV-ICPMS." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 11 (1994): 1316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944028010.
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The interfacing of an electrothermal vaporization (ETV) unit to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) produces a powerful system for ultra-low-level compositional analysis of micro-volume samples, as well as decreasing some of the molecular interferences inherent in a conventional-nebulization ICPMS. Some problems still remain with this technique in respect to signal variation, sample heating profiles, and instrument tuning parameters. Advances are presented concerning the instrumental conditions necessary for lowering signal variation. These include optimization of “dry-plasma” tuning of the spectrometer lens stack, furnace cooling/heating, and tube mounting. Novel ways of enhancing sensitivity by multiple deposition, preconcentration, and chemical modification have been investigated with particular emphasis on uranium and radium determination.
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Bucci, Giovanni, Fabrizio Ciancetta, Edoardo Fiorucci, and Simone Mari. "Test platform for electronic control units of high-performance safety-critical multi actuator systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (2020): 4053. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4053-4072.
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<p>In this paper we are mostly concerned with the problem of testing electronic control units of synchronized electric power actuators. This task is particularly complex for safety critical applications, where it is crucial that the control system properly reacts in response to the faults, that are hard to reproduce and verify. A cost-effective flexible and reconfigurable test platform is proposed, discussing its architecture and implementation. The proposed system facilitates the phase of definition and development of the electronic control unit, allowing the interfacing towards both hydraulic and electromechanical actuators, and having a high flexibility as regards the I/O signals. Some results, obtained during the laboratory test activity, are also presented.</p>
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Dr., V. Ravikumar. "AN ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT TO ASSESS THE REACTION TIME AND ACCELERATION OF SPRINTERS – A STUDY." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education (IJMRME) 6, no. 1 (2020): 6–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3634363.
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We are living in modern world, in this world each and every field was computerized which are added accurate and consistent to bring out the work effectively. The present study reveals about an attempt to create an electronic device to assess the reaction time and acceleration ability of athletes in sprinting events simultaneously. Presently reaction times and acceleration ability of the athletes are not taken in any sprinting events at elementary and state level meets due to unobtainability of relevant equipment. The reaction time and acceleration ability of sprinters will influence over the performance in high order. To obtain such things an Electronic Equipment has been invented with accurate starting and finishing technique using the following core parts 1. Microphone, 2. Micro switch, 3. IR Transmitters, 4. IR Receivers, 5. Interfacing Unit and 6. Computer. To attain scientific genuineness of the gadget 120 subjects were chosen from Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore and the appropriate data were collected using the newly invented equipment while the subjects were running in the 50m race. The collected data were treated with appropriate statistical techniques and obtained Reliability and objectivity of the device.
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Hasan, Md Mahamudul, Boris Berseneff, Tim Meulenbroeks, et al. "A Multi-Objective Co-Design Optimization Framework for Grid-Connected Hybrid Battery Energy Storage Systems: Optimal Sizing and Selection of Technology." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155355.
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This paper develops a multi-objective co-design optimization framework for the optimal sizing and selection of battery and power electronics in hybrid battery energy storage systems (HBESSs) connected to the grid. The co-design optimization approach is crucial for such a complex system with coupled subcomponents. To this end, a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used for optimal sizing and selection of technologies in the design of the HBESS, considering design parameters such as cost, efficiency, and lifetime. The interoperable framework is applied considering three first-life battery cells and one second-life battery cell for forming two independent battery packs as a hybrid battery unit and considers two power conversion architectures for interfacing the hybrid battery unit to the grid with different power stages and levels of modularity. Finally, the globally best HBESS system obtained as the output of the framework is made up of LTO first-life and LFP second-life cells and enables a total cost of ownership (TCO) reduction of 29.6% compared to the baseline.
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Gross, Thomas, Kevin Anderson, and Nolan Tsuchiya. "Programmable Automation Controller Mechatronic Experiment." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 6, no. 1 (2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v6i1.pp39-48.
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This paper describes the use of the OPTO-22 Programmable Automation Controller (PAC) Learning center in the undergraduate control systems course at California State Polytechnic University at Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona). The OPTO-22 PAC System is an integrated system of hardware and software used for industrial control, remote monitoring, and data acquisition applications. The paper compares the pros and cons of using a PAC versus Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) systems. The paper introduces the flowchart based programming environment used in PACs. The paper includes an illustrative example of how the OPTO-22 PAC system can be interfaced to an industrial based Mechatronics pick-and-place robot station. This example details the input/output interfaces of the OPTO-22 PAC unit and the SUN Equipment Mecahtronics pick and place robot unit. Details of the flow chart programming and I/O interfacing protocols are given in the paper. The I/O configuration dialog in the OPTO-22 PAC development environment are also presented in this paper.
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., Tubonimi Jenewari. "INTERFACING OMNI-FLOW COMPUTER TO REMOTE OPERATION CONTROLLER (ROC) REMOTE TERMINAL UNIT (RTU) FOR SCADA NETWORK IN SPDC." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 04, no. 04 (2015): 482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2015.0404085.
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Sharma, Prakhar, Pankaj Kumar, Himanshu Sharma, and Nitai Pal. "Closed loop controlled boost converter using a pid controller for solar wind power system installation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (2018): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10420.
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Deployment of renewable energy resources on distributed energy system has reduced the reliance and transmission losses from the utility grid. It also helps to improve the system stability near the load center. Solar and wind are the two highly utilized green energy resources in present scenario. However, the fluctuations of solar irradiation, temperature, wind velocity are the preeminent issue for this type of systems which affects the efficiency of the solar and wind energy system. It requires the interfacing unit to stabilize the output voltage. The proposed work deals with the close loop boost converter with PID controller, which is used to attain a stabilized voltage despite of parameter changes and load disturbances. Designed system will help to analyze the better stable output voltage with efficient system having minimum fluctuation.
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Galkin, Ilya, Andrejs Podgornovs, Andrei Blinov, Kristaps Vitols, Maxim Vorobyov, and Roman Kosenko. "Considerations regarding the concept of cost-effective power-assist wheelchair subsystems." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 14, no. 1 (2018): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2018-0008.
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Abstract The present paper deals with the concept of a cost-effective power-assistant wheelchair. An analysis of the market situation and recent technical achievements is done at the beginning. On its basis, a set of solutions suitable for the development of such wheelchairs has been composed. It is shown that the key features of the considered concept are: segmented electrical motor and drive, sectioned battery pack, modular charger and an ANN matrix that provides easy and intuitive interfacing of sensor networks, pseudo-bionic feedbacks and the decision-making unit. Within the scope of the paper, a 3D model has been developed and 3D modelling has been conducted. As a result, certain drawbacks in the design and placement of elements have been found and a modification of the concept has been proposed
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Lee, Sangtae, Jongseo Kim, Taegwon Kim, et al. "Design and Implementation of a Tactical-datalink Unit for Interfacing and Forwarding(TUF) to Interlock and Forward MIDS JTRS." Journal of KIISE 51, no. 3 (2024): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5626/jok.2024.51.3.252.
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Al-Kadhimi, Aymen M., Hamzah M. Marhoon, and Zeyad A. Karam2. "Implementation of Cell Phone Detection Mobile Robot for Restricted Areas Using NodeMCU." Iraqi Journal of Information & Communications Technology 1, no. 1 (2018): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31987/ijict.1.1.6.
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This paper involves the design and implementation of cell phone detection mobile robot. This is applicable in examination halls, private conferences and meeting rooms in which the using of cell phones is highly restricted. The robot is able to detect the presence of unauthorized communications by active phones and then distort them. The detection process is achieved by implementing an electrical circuit for sensing undesirable signals and using NodeMCU for interfacing the robot with a main computer unit. The main computer unit is used as a controlling platform in terms of mobile robot navigation as well as detection and jamming activating. This is accomplished by creating a graphical control panel programmed using a special HTML script. In this work, the cell phone detection mobile robot has been applied in an examination hall to simulate real educational environment. The robot has detected active calls by cell phones with a circle diameter of 1.2 meter and then jammed them directly. The whole area has been covered for detection and jamming by roaming the robot wirelessly via the remote main computer. Different voltage measurements for different detection distances have been recorded.
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Caillet, Arnault H., Andrew T. M. Phillips, Dario Farina, and Luca Modenese. "Motoneuron-driven computational muscle modelling with motor unit resolution and subject-specific musculoskeletal anatomy." PLOS Computational Biology 19, no. 12 (2023): e1011606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011606.
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The computational simulation of human voluntary muscle contraction is possible with EMG-driven Hill-type models of whole muscles. Despite impactful applications in numerous fields, the neuromechanical information and the physiological accuracy such models provide remain limited because of multiscale simplifications that limit comprehensive description of muscle internal dynamics during contraction. We addressed this limitation by developing a novel motoneuron-driven neuromuscular model, that describes the force-generating dynamics of a population of individual motor units, each of which was described with a Hill-type actuator and controlled by a dedicated experimentally derived motoneuronal control. In forward simulation of human voluntary muscle contraction, the model transforms a vector of motoneuron spike trains decoded from high-density EMG signals into a vector of motor unit forces that sum into the predicted whole muscle force. The motoneuronal control provides comprehensive and separate descriptions of the dynamics of motor unit recruitment and discharge and decodes the subject’s intention. The neuromuscular model is subject-specific, muscle-specific, includes an advanced and physiological description of motor unit activation dynamics, and is validated against an experimental muscle force. Accurate force predictions were obtained when the vector of experimental neural controls was representative of the discharge activity of the complete motor unit pool. This was achieved with large and dense grids of EMG electrodes during medium-force contractions or with computational methods that physiologically estimate the discharge activity of the motor units that were not identified experimentally. This neuromuscular model advances the state-of-the-art of neuromuscular modelling, bringing together the fields of motor control and musculoskeletal modelling, and finding applications in neuromuscular control and human-machine interfacing research.
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Galanti, Ashley Morgan, and Mark A. Haidekker. "Low-Cost Source Measure Unit (SMU) to Characterize Sensors Built on Graphene-Channel Field-Effect Transistors." Sensors 24, no. 12 (2024): 3841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24123841.
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This study introduces a flexible and low-cost solution for a source measure unit (SMU), which is presented as an alternative to conventional source meter units and a blueprint for sensor FET drivers. An SMU collects current–voltage (I-V) curves with an additional variable voltage or current and is commonly used to characterize semiconductors. We present the hardware design, interfacing, and test results of our SMU. Specifically, we present representative I-V curve measurements for graphene-channel FETs to demonstrate the SMU’s capability to efficiently characterize these devices with minimal noise and sufficient accuracy. This cost-effective solution presents a promising avenue for researchers and developers seeking reliable tools for sensor development and characterization. We demonstrate, with the example of surface illumination, how the sensing behavior of graphene-channel FETs can be characterized without the need for expensive equipment. Additionally, the SMU was validated with known passive and active components, along with probe station integration for semiconductor die-scale connection. The SMU’s focus on collecting I-V curves, coupled with its ability to identify device defects, such as parasitic Schottky junctions or a failed oxide, contributes to its utility in quality testing for semiconductor devices. Its low-cost nature makes it accessible for various research endeavors, enabling efficient data collection and analysis for graphene-based and other nanomaterial-based sensor applications.
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Leamy, Michael. "Programmable topological insulators based on a reconfigurable electroacoustic material platform." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0026785.
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Topological insulators (TIs), exhibiting topologically protected edge and interface waves, have recently emerged in phononic systems. Reconfigurabilty is essential for enabling TI-based applications. One potential means for achieving reconfigurability employs shunted piezoelectric (PZT) disks in which a unit cell’s mechanical impedance is altered using negative capacitance circuits. Dynamic reconfigurability and programmability of such material platforms can then be obtained through simple on/off switching. In this vein, we propose and experimentally verify an electroacoustic TI which exhibits programmable topologically protected edge states useful for acoustic multiplexers, demultiplexers, and transistors. This reconfigurable structure is composed of an elastic hexagonal lattice whose unit cell contains two shunted PZT disks, each connected to a negative capacitance circuit by an on/off switch. Closing one or the other circuit results in the breaking of mirror symmetry and yields mechanical behavior analogous to the quantum valley Hall effect. By interfacing two topologically distinct materials, a domain wall is introduced exhibiting a localized interface state topologically protected from backscattering at defects and sharp edges. Through the use of programmable time-division, in which domain walls appear and disappear in time, we demonstrate multiplexing and demultiplexing. We also demonstrate an acoustic transistor using the same programmable platform, before closing with a discussion on future research directions.
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Honer, Jacob S., and Robert J. McGough. "Parallel implementations of the fast nearfield method for continuous-wave and transient pressure calculations." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018990.
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FOCUS, the “Fast Object-oriented C + + Simulator” (https://www.egr.msu.edu/∼fultras-web/), enables rapid calculations of continuous-wave and transient pressure fields generated by single transducers and phased arrays. FOCUS achieves small errors in relatively short computation times through memory-efficient calculations with the fast nearfield method, which converges exponentially. The fast nearfield method is also an embarrassingly parallel algorithm that supports further reductions in the computation time through hardware acceleration. Previous efforts to accelerate calculations with the fast nearfield method successfully implemented multithreading within multiple central processing unit (CPU) cores using OpenMP, and this capability is presently included with FOCUS. Prior success with OpenMP motivates ongoing efforts to further extend the functionality of FOCUS by interfacing the fast nearfield method to an NVIDIA graphics processing unit (GPU). To facilitate FOCUS calculations on a GPU, calculations with the fast nearfield method are implemented in CUDA for time-harmonic and transient pressure computations with each supported transducer shape. This combination achieves a significant reduction in the computation time compared to single-threaded execution. When evaluated on an NVIDIA 1670 GPU, the computation time is also approximately halved relative to the multithreaded OpenMP implementation. These results encourage further efforts to parallelize existing and future FOCUS routines.
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Kong, Byeong Yong. "Low-Complexity Address Generation for Multiuser Detectors in IDMA Systems." Electronics 9, no. 12 (2020): 2069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122069.
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This paper presents a low-complexity address generation unit (AGU) for multiuser detectors in interleave division multiple access (IDMA) systems. To this end, for the first time, all possible options for designing AGUs are first analyzed in detail. Subsequently, a complexity reduction technique is applied to each of those architectures. More specifically, some components in AGUs are relocated to make them shareable and removable without affecting the functionality. The complete transparency of such renovation makes it applicable to any existing multiuser detector without tailoring the interfacing components therein. Measuring the hardware complexity, all the resulting AGUs are compared with each other, and a new architecture simpler than the state-of-the-art one is developed. Implementation results in a 65 nm CMOS process, demonstrating that the proposed AGU can alleviate the equivalent gate count and the power consumption of the prior process by 13% and 31%, respectively.
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Thakur, Vijay Singh, and Ehsan Elahi. "Interfacing Independent Mind and ESP in STEM Education: Exploiting Discovery-Oriented Approach to Learning." International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 2 (2021): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n2p319.
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As Mohan (1986) rightly argues, While the need for coordinating the learning of language and subject matter is generally recognized, just how this should be accomplished remains a problem and is one of particular concern for university ESL/EFL programs. In view of this vital pedagogical concern, skills-integrated content courses have been designed and experimented by many universities and individual academicians. In content-based curriculum the basic organizational unit is a theme or topic, rather than the more customary grammatical patterns or language functions. The main goal of this, as Bycina (1982) explains, is to provide meaningful contexts for language learning instead of focusing on language as an object of study. At the foundation of this approach is the Krashen’s (1984) notion that acquisition is best promoted when language is presented in comprehensible and interesting communicative contexts (p. 25). In a more crystalized view of English for STEM education, this paper revisits the concept of thinking and pedagogy of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and emphasizes on the use of independent mind to promote focused ESP for the students of the Scientific Disciplines of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). In the backdrop of the context of STEM education, we have developed a tripartite discussion in the paper focused on the primacy of independent mind and thinking skills; the need to facilitate language development in a contextualized, integrated, interactive framework; and the ways and means to exploit the richness of authentic scientific materials and discussion-led innovative tasks and activities to promote active ESP in STEM education.
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EL-Ebiary, Ahmed H., Mohamed Mokhtar, Atef M. Mansour, Fathy H. Awad, Mostafa I. Marei, and Mahmoud A. Attia. "Distributed Mitigation Layers for Voltages and Currents Cyber-Attacks on DC Microgrids Interfacing Converters." Energies 15, no. 24 (2022): 9426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249426.
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The wide use of communication layers in DC microgrids to transmit voltage and current measurements of each distributed generator unit (DGU) increases the possibility of exposure to cyber-attacks. Cyber-attackers can manipulate the measured data to distort the control system of microgrids, which may lead to a shutdown. This paper proposes distributed mitigation layers for the false data injection attacks (FDIA) on voltages and currents of DGUs in meshed DC microgrids. The proposed control strategy is based on integrating two layers for cyber-attack detection and mitigation to immune the primary and the secondary control loops of each DGU. The first layer is assigned to mitigate FDIAs on the voltage measurements needed for the voltage regulation task of the primary control loop. The second layer is devoted to the mitigation of FDIAs on the DGU current measurements, which are crucial for the secondary control level to guarantee the proper current sharing of each DGU. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are employed to support these layers by estimating the authenticated measurements. Different simulation and experimental case studies are provided to demonstrate the proposed mitigation layers’ effectiveness in detecting and mitigating cyber-attacks on voltage and current measurements. The simulation and experimental results are provided to evaluate the dynamic performance of the suggested control approach and to ensure the accurate operation of DC microgrids despite the existence of cyber-attacks on the measurements employed in the control strategy. Moreover, the control strategy succeeds to keep the maximum voltage error and the maximum error in current sharing within tolerance.
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Shavali, V., S. Anees fathima fathima, and T. Reshma. "Controlling and Scheduling of Homely Devices by Minimizing Power and Traffic Using IOT with Google Assistant." International Journal of Information technology and Computer Engineering, no. 22 (March 30, 2022): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/ijitc.22.12.16.
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Different electrical devices can be automatically controlled by moving into ON and OFF state by programming the devices using google assistant and IOT. This work reduces the power consumption and no human interaction of electrical devices Auto process is achieved with the help of Internet of things and hardware circuit of Node Micro controller unit. Hardware circuits are interfaced by using different interfacing devices. Transmission modes that are implemented communicate user control of devices through the Node MCU to the actual appliance the main control system implements wireless technology to allow remote access from Smart Phone. We use cloud server based communication which would increase the practicality of the project by giving the user full access to the appliances regardless of distance factor. We have deployed a data transmission network to create more automation. The designed system is portable and is suitable for all Homely and Industrial applications and find importance for senior citizens and Power minimizing applications.
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Velásquez-García, Luis Fernando, and Yosef Kornbluth. "Biomedical Applications of Metal 3D Printing." Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 23, no. 1 (2021): 307–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-082020-032402.
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Additive manufacturing's attributes include print customization, low per-unit cost for small- to mid-batch production, seamless interfacing with mainstream medical 3D imaging techniques, and feasibility to create free-form objects in materials that are biocompatible and biodegradable. Consequently, additive manufacturing is apposite for a wide range of biomedical applications including custom biocompatible implants that mimic the mechanical response of bone, biodegradable scaffolds with engineered degradation rate, medical surgical tools, and biomedical instrumentation. This review surveys the materials, 3D printing methods and technologies, and biomedical applications of metal 3D printing, providing a historical perspective while focusing on the state of the art. It then identifies a number of exciting directions of future growth: ( a) the improvement of mainstream additive manufacturing methods and associated feedstock; ( b) the exploration of mature, less utilized metal 3D printing techniques; ( c) the optimization of additively manufactured load-bearing structures via artificial intelligence; and ( d) the creation of monolithic, multimaterial, finely featured, multifunctional implants.
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Kumar, Vikrant, and Namita Tiwari. "Sensor Deployment Strategy Based on Wireless Mesh Network for WSN." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.8 (2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.8.15209.
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Wireless sensor systems include numerous sensors interconnected by means of radio connections. They are typically applied to cover vast zones to scrutinize and computerize tasks. Due to the battery consumption powered sensors, these arrangements have fleeting uptime, and frequently have issues like adaptability and bandwidth capacity. To dominate these issues, the vast mainstream of the implementation is constrained to expand the amount of sinks in network, or utilizations of gateways to request sensors data. Deployment of these system is made out of some low-control, modest nodes that coordinate detecting units, handsets, and preparing unit having remote communication capacities. This setup is conveyed in the focused on region for aggregating natural data that will be transmitted to a remote base station. In this paper, solutions for streamline deployment are investigated by amalgamation of Wireless sensor systems and Wireless mesh systems.Deployment of proposed mesh systems is accomplished in a versatile spine for sensor to sensor communication by interfacing them.
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Ismail Mohammed, Majeed, and Ahmed M. T. Ibraheem Al-Naib. "Web Server Based Data Monitoring System of PV Panels Using S7-1200 PLC." NTU Journal of Renewable Energy 5, no. 1 (2023): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56286/ntujre.v5i1.653.
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This This paper presents the design and implementation of a solar panel data monitoring system using a Web Server as a real-time operating system. The system is built via the Siemens S7-1200 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and programmed using TIA (Totally Integrated Automation) Portal V17 software. This approach enables real-time data collection and visualization of essential parameters such as voltage, current, power output, temperature, irradiance, and environmental conditions. The S7-1200 PLC serves as the central control unit, interfacing with the PV panels and gathering data. The acquired data is then transmitted to a web server, which hosts a user-friendly interface accessible through web browsers. Users can remotely monitor the performance of PV panels, track historical data trends, and receive alerts in case of anomalies. This web server-based system offers a convenient and efficient solution for effective PV panel management, enabling users to optimize energy production, detect issues promptly, and make informed decisions for maintenance and operational improvements.
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Prof.Nitin.K, David Emerald, Sangeeta, Shivaleela, and Sapna. "Real Time Vehicle Monitoring and Safety Alert System with ESP32." Research and Applications: Emerging Technologies 7, no. 2 (2025): 17–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15542139.
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<em>In recent years, the need for efficient vehicle tracking and monitoring systems has grown exponentially due to the rise in theft, misuse, and rash driving incidents. This project focuses on developing a "Vehicle Asset Tracking & Rash Driving Alert System" using ESP32, GSM, GPS, and MEMS Vibration Sensors. The proposed system ensures real-time vehicle tracking, detects harsh driving behaviour such as sudden acceleration, abrupt braking, and sharp turns, and sends immediate alerts to the concerned authorities or vehicle owners. The ESP32 microcontroller acts as the core processing unit, interfacing with GSM for communication, GPS for location tracking, and MEMS sensors to monitor vibrations caused by rash driving. This system not only enhances vehicle security but also promotes safer driving habits and helps fleet managers monitor and manage their assets effectively .This </em><em>documents explores the system development</em><em> </em><em>working, applications, advantages, challenges, and future potential.</em>
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Francis, S. V., and P. Gnanasivam. "Brain Computer Interfacing Based Home Automation- An Assistive Technology for People with Motion Disabilities." CARDIOMETRY, no. 26 (March 1, 2023): 906–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2023.26.906913.
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This project presents the Smart Home Automation system by sensing Human Brain Attention Level. This system canbe an effective solution to assist older adults and people with disabilities who suffering from speech and motion related troubles to remain at home, safe and comfortable. The system is based on BCI (Brain computer interface) Technique. Over the past years,technology using electroencephalography (EEG) as a means of controlling electronic devices has become more innovative. Today,individual people are able to measure their own brain waves and patterns outside of medical labs and clinics. Furthermore, besides analysing brain signals, these brain signals can be used as a means of controlling everyday electronic devices, which is also known as brain-computer interface.The BCI is anevolving, recent and unique transmission channel between the humanbrainandanexternaldevice such as TV, bulb, fan etc. The human brain wave signal contains the millions of neuron pattern. This pattern interaction isgenerating a thought motion which consists of different type of electrical waves. EEG headset consists of a sensor to sense human attention level which means human focus occurs during intense concentration and directed mental activity. This signal converted into raw datasets through filtering and amplification by designed circuit and transfers to the microcontroller unit (Arduino).The Arduino process the received signal and drive the relay circuit of the device to make ON and OFF automatically. This system can be used by persons with such difficulties.The device can be found most useful by physically - challenged people who can no longer regain control of their limbs due to several factors. This concept can further be modified to use in several other applications for the similar types of people. Thus, the EEG-based Brain computer interface applications can considerably enhance the quality of life for such people.
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Racz, Romeo R., Mihaly Kollo, Gabriella Racz, et al. "jULIEs: nanostructured polytrodes for low traumatic extracellular recordings and stimulation in the mammalian brain." Journal of Neural Engineering 19, no. 1 (2022): 016041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac514f.
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Abstract Objective. Extracellular microelectrode techniques are the most widely used approach to interrogate neuronal populations. However, regardless of the manufacturing method used, damage to the vasculature and circuit function during probe insertion remains a concern. This issue can be mitigated by minimising the footprint of the probe used. Reducing the size of probes typically requires either a reduction in the number of channels present in the probe, or a reduction in the individual channel area. Both lead to less effective coupling between the probe and extracellular signals of interest. Approach. Here, we show that continuously drawn SiO2-insulated ultra-microelectrode fibres offer an attractive substrate to address these challenges. Individual fibres can be fabricated to >10 m continuous stretches and a selection of diameters below 30 µm with low resistance (<100 Ω mm−1) continuously conductive metal core of <10 µm and atomically flat smooth shank surfaces. To optimize the properties of the miniaturised electrode-tissue interface, we electrodeposit rough Au structures followed by ∼20 nm IrOx film resulting in the reduction of the interfacial impedance to <500 kΩ at 1 kHz. Main results. We demonstrate that these ultra-low impedance electrodes can record and stimulate both single and multi-unit activity with minimal tissue disturbance and exceptional signal-to-noise ratio in both superficial (∼40 µm) and deep (∼6 mm) structures of the mouse brain. Further, we show that sensor modifications are stable and probe manufacturing is reproducible. Significance. Minimally perturbing bidirectional neural interfacing can reveal circuit function in the mammalian brain in vivo.
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Richter, M., Y. Congar, J. Nissen, G. Neumayer, K. Heinrich, and M. Wackerle. "Development of a multi-material micropump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 220, no. 11 (2006): 1619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406jmes289.
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In this paper, the design of a multi-material micropump will be described. The micropump inhibits a very simple design and therefore is very cost efficient. The pump consists of one plastic part, one metal diaphragm, and three piezo lead-zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics. The PZT ceramics, glued on a metal diaphragm, form two active valves (inlet and outlet valve) and one actuation diaphragm. The valve seats, the pump chamber, and the inlet/outlet interfacing channels are formed in the plastic body. Due to its function principle, the micropump is able to pump bidirectionally. The design of the micropump covers bubble tolerant and self-priming features. Therefore, design measures have been carried out to realize a large compression ratio and to reduce the capillary pressures of bubbles in the pump chamber. The pump is able to handle gases and liquids. The plastic body is made of poly-ether-ether-ketone, and the metal diaphragm is made of stainless steel. Therefore, a good chemical resistance will be given. First prototypes of the actuation unit have been manufactured and tested successfully. Each actuation unit is able to performa stroke ofmore than 40 μm. Furthermore, the plastic body has been realized by milling, and preliminary measurements were carried out. For future work, the development and optimization of an improved micropump using microinjection moulding instead of milling are envisaged.
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Neshani, Sara, Kasra Momeni, Degang J. Chen, and Nathan M. Neihart. "Highly Sensitive Readout Interface for Real-Time Differential Precision Measurements with Impedance Biosensors." Biosensors 13, no. 1 (2023): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13010077.
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Field deployment is critical to developing numerous sensitive impedance transducers. Precise, cost-effective, and real-time readout units are being sought to interface these sensitive impedance transducers for various clinical or environmental applications. This paper presents a general readout method with a detailed design procedure for interfacing impedance transducers that generate small fractional changes in the impedance characteristics after detection. The emphasis of the design is obtaining a target response resolution considering the accuracy in real-time. An entire readout unit with amplification/filtering and real-time data acquisition and processing using a single microcontroller is proposed. Most important design parameters, such as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), common-mode-to-differential conversion, digitization configuration/speed, and the data processing method are discussed here. The studied process can be used as a general guideline to design custom readout units to interface with various developed transducers in the laboratory and verify the performance for field deployment and commercialization. A single frequency readout unit with a target 8-bit resolution to interface differentially placed transducers (e.g., bridge configuration) is designed and implemented. A single MCU is programmed for real-time data acquisition and sine fitting. The 8-bit resolution is achieved even at low SNR levels of roughly 7 dB by setting the component values and fitting algorithm parameters with the given methods.
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Dr., V. Ravikumar. "A STUDY ON ASSESSING DECELERATION PHASE OF SPRINTING EVENT USING NEWLY CRAFTED ELECTRONIC DEVICE." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education (IJMRME) 6, no. 1 (2020): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3612343.
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We are living in a fashionable world. In this scientific era, each and every field was automated by the provision of electronic gadgets, which are extreme precise and persistent to bring out our determination successfully. The present investigator has crafted an electronic gadget to assess the deceleration phase of sprinting event which is a most important phase in sprint. Presently deceleration timings are not assessing in most of sprint event like district, divisional and state level programs due to lack of appropriate tools. The influence of deceleration proficiency of the athlete is high on the result of every sprinting event; in this phase minimum deceleration proficiency will lead to high performance, hence this is a vital part of the sprinting event. This motivated the investigator to craft an electronic device to findout accurate deceleration proficiency of sprinters. The device has some core parts as 1. Microphone 2. Infrared Transmitters, 3. Infrared Receivers 4. Interfacing Unit and Computer. The result of each and every invention should have scientific authenticity which is also indispensible at any circumstances. To attain scientific authenticity of the device, 120 subjects were chosen from Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore and the appropriate data were collected using the newly invented equipment when the subjects were participating in the 100m race. The collected data were treated with appropriate statistical techniques and obtained Reliability, Validity and objectivity of the device. Normally in 100mts sprint, starting point to 40mts prevailing as acceleration phase, 40mts to 80mts as flying sprint phase and 80mts to 100mts prevailing as deceleration phase, which is derived from the performance of international 100mts sprinting event performances.
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Gonzales, Marc Ramde C., Adrian Paul A. Palaruan, Jan Keith D. Campus, Jurgen Jan L. Lagdao, and Sean Ernest S. Empizo. "Development of a Microcontroller-Based Contact Tracing System." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 3, no. 6 (2023): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2023.v03i06.007.
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Since the first case of Covid-19 detected in 2019, national governments pursued to implement lockdowns and contact tracing programs to minimize the spread of the disease. Most contact tracing procedures, no matter how varied from one country to another, commonly leaned towards digital methods that made use of modern technology. Such was not the case however in the Philippines as the masses are barely able to cope with the available contact tracing scheme that requires internet connectivity. Rated as one of the countries with the slowest and most expensive internet service, most of its citizens still resort to the traditional pen-and-paper approach when registering for contact tracing upon entry in establishments. Guided by prototyping methodology, the research ventured in the development of a microcontroller-based contact tracing system that allows the participation of establishment visitors even without internet access. The system called ConTACTS, which is short for contact tracing using automated collection and tracking system, is made up of a deployable unit and a central database. The deployable unit was designed to be able to accept mobile number registrations of establishment visitors and transmit timestamped data to the central database. The design of the central database was aimed at its successful integration with a website to enable contact tracer access. The developed deployable unit features the Arduino Nano as a central hub interfacing an LCD screen, a keypad, a buzzer, a USB adapter and a GSM module. WampServer was used to develop the central database. The system was tested in terms of the ability of the deployable unit to send a confirmation message to each establishment visitor and transmit timestamped data to the central database. The overall success rate of confirmation message sending was found to be 95.86%. The device is also immaculately able to send data to the central database in an average time of 3.15 seconds so long as the device has data access.
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Marc, Ramde C. Gonzales, Paul A. Palaruan Adrian, Keith D. Campus Jan, Jan L. Lagdao Jurgen, and Ernest S. Empizo Sean. "Development of a Microcontroller-Based Contact Tracing System." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS) 3, no. 6 (2023): 96–102. https://doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2023.v03i06.007.
Full textAbstract:
Since the first case of Covid-19 detected in 2019, national governments pursued to implement lockdowns and contact tracing programs to minimize the spread of the disease. Most contact tracing procedures, no matter how varied from one country to another, commonly leaned towards digital methods that made use of modern technology. Such was not the case however in the Philippines as the masses are barely able to cope with the available contact tracing scheme that requires internet connectivity. Rated as one of the countries with the slowest and most expensive internet service, most of its citizens still resort to the traditional pen-and-paper approach when registering for contact tracing upon entry in establishments. Guided by prototyping methodology, the research ventured in the development of a microcontroller-based contact tracing system that allows the participation of establishment visitors even without internet access. The system called ConTACTS, which is short for contact tracing using automated collection and tracking system, is made up of a deployable unit and a central database. The deployable unit was designed to be able to accept mobile number registrations of establishment visitors and transmit timestamped data to the central database. The design of the central database was aimed at its successful integration with a website to enable contact tracer access. The developed deployable unit features the Arduino Nano as a central hub interfacing an LCD screen, a keypad, a buzzer, a USB adapter and a GSM module. WampServer was used to develop the central database. The system was tested in terms of the ability of the deployable unit to send a confirmation message to each establishment visitor and transmit timestamped data to the central database. The overall success rate of confirmation message sending was found to be 95.86%. The device is also immaculately able to send data to the central database in an average time of 3.15 seconds so long as the device has data access.
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Irshad, Reyazur Rashid, Sultan Ahmad, Zainulabedin Hasan Muhammed, Abdallah Ahmed Alzupair Ahmed, and Ahmed Abdu Alattab. "Intelligent Healthcare Provided by Nano-Enhanced Biosensing Systems: Progress in COVID-19 Management via the Artificial Neural Network Approach." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 11 (2022): 1459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3352.
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Biosensors using opto electronics mechanisms are evolving as efficient (sensitive and selective) and low-cost analytical diagnostic devices for early-stage disease diagnosis, which is crucial for person-centered health and wellness management. Due to advancements in nanotechnology in the areas of sensing unit fabrication, device integration, interfacing, packaging, and sensing performance at the point-of-care (POC), personalized diagnostics are now possible, allowing doctors to tailor tests to each patient’s unique disease profile and management requirements. Innovative biosensing technology is being pushed as the diagnostic tool of the future because of its potential to provide accurate results without requiring intrusive procedures. Because of this, this visionary piece of writing explores analytical methods for managing personalised health care that can enhance the health of the general population. The end goal is to take control of a healthier tomorrow as soon as possible. Right now, the most crucial part of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, a potentially fatal respiratory viral disease, is the rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of human beta severe acute respiratory system coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) protein.
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Trinath Basu, M., Ragipati Karthik, J. Mahitha, and V. Lokesh Reddy. "IoT based forest fire detection system." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.7 (2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10277.
Full textAbstract:
It has been found in a survey that 80% losses caused due to fire would have been kept away from if the fire was identified promptly. Node Mcu based IoT empowered fire indicator and observing framework is the answer for this issue.In this task, we have assembled fire finder utilizing Node Mcu which is interfaced with a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and signal. The temperature sensor detects the warmth and smoke senssor detects any smoke produced because of consuming or fire. buzzer associated with Arduino gives us an alert sign. At whatever point fire activated, it consumes protests adjacent and produces smoke. A fire caution can likewise be activated because of little smoke from candlelight or oil lights utilized as a part of a family. Likewise, at whatever point warm force is high then additionally the alert goes on. Bell or alert is killed at whatever point the temperature goes to ordinary room temperature and smoke level decreases. We have additionally interfaced LCD show to the Node Mcu board.With the assistance of IoT innovation.Node MCU fire checking serves for mechanical need and also for family unit reason. At whatever point it recognizes fire or smoke then it immediately alarms the client about the fire through the ethernet module. For this reason, we are utilizing ESP8266 which is from Arduino IDE. Likewise, the Node Mcu interfacing with LCD show is done to show the status of the framework whether the Smoke and Overheat is identified or not. What's more, Node Mcu interfacing with Ethernet module is done as such that client become more acquainted with about the predominant condition message. It insinuate the client about the fire identification. This framework is extremely helpful at whatever point the client isn't in the closeness of control focus. At whatever point a fire happens, the framework naturally faculties and alarms the client by sending an alarm to an application introduced on user’s Android portable or page open through web.