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Journal articles on the topic 'Intoxication of ruminants'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Paulíková, I., G. Kováč, J. Bíreš, Š. Paulík, H. Seidel, and O. Nagy. "Iodine toxicity in ruminants." Veterinární Medicína 47, No. 12 (2012): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5845-vetmed.

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The inadequate intake of iodine is still a topical problem, because it contributes to a reduction in performance through the disturbed health of adult animals and their offspring. The necessity of iodine is frequently described in association with hypothyroidal state. In our work we want to assign the hidden risk of prolonged iodine feeding in ruminants. We discuss the possible sources of iodine intoxication, the clinical signs of the intoxication, its effects on production, reproduction, and thyroid functions; animal susceptibility to intoxication; laboratory and necropsy findings; diagnostic

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2

Oliveira Júnior, Carlos Augusto de, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva, Roberio Gomes Olinda, and Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato. "Botulism in non-ruminants in Brazil." Ciência Rural 46, no. 12 (2016): 2158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20160394.

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ABSTRACT: Botulism is an intoxication caused by the ingestion of neurotoxins secreted by Clostridium botulinum and characterized by progressive flaccid symmetrical paralysis. Among non-ruminant animals, avian species and dogs are the most commonly affected by botulism, while horses and pigs are less-commonly diagnosed with the disease. Despite the importance of this disease in animals, the Brazilian literature only includes case studies and outbreak descriptions. The aim of this study was to review the main features and to provide recent data on the occurrence of botulism in non-ruminants in B

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3

Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira, Carlos Augusto Oliveira Junior, Luciana Aramuni Gonçalves, and Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato. "Botulism in ruminants in Brazil." Ciência Rural 46, no. 8 (2016): 1411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20151486.

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ABSTRACT: Botulism is an intoxication caused by the ingestion of neurotoxins secreted by Clostridium botulinum. It affects all warm-blooded animals and some fishes and is characterized by progressive flaccid symmetrical paralysis. Despite the known importance of this disease in ruminants, the Brazilian literature only includes case studies and outbreak descriptions. In addition, the epidemiology of botulism in cattle has markedly changed over the past two decades. The aim of this study is to review these characteristics and to provide recent data on the occurrence of botulism in ruminants in B

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4

Câmara, Antônio Carlos Lopes, Jael Soares Batista, and Benito Soto-Blanco. "Polioencephalomalacia in ruminants from the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 1 (2018): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p231.

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The present study aimed to describe epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial, and pathological findings of polioencephalomalacia (PEM) in ruminants from the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A total of seven ruminants (five sheep, one cattle, and one goat) with pathological diagnosis of PEM were included. Four cases were associated with thiamine deficiency, on account of chronic ruminal acidosis caused by diets rich in carbohydrate, with mainly concentrates, ground soybean hulls, and melon. Three ruminants from an outbreak of petroleum poisoning presented macro and microscopic le

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5

Lutnicki, Krzysztof, Eligiusz Madej, Tomasz Riha, and Łukasz Kurek. "Polioencephalomalacia in ruminants caused by excessive amount of sulphur - a review." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 58, no. 2 (2014): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bvip-2014-0050.

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Abstract Polioencephalomalacia as a result of sulphur excess is a growing problem in cattle and sheep, mainly in young, growing animals. It is common in different regions of the world. The disease develops favoured by certain conditions such as sustained provision of feed and water with high sulphur content, use of dietary supplements containing sulphur, and a habitat with high hydrogen sulphide concentration. Pathogenesis of the disease is complex, but very important are oxidative-antioxidative imbalance, dysfunction of vessels, and secondary cerebral cortex ischaemia as a result of direct an

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6

López-Alonso, Marta, and Marta Miranda. "Copper Supplementation, A Challenge in Cattle." Animals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101890.

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Ensuring adequate copper supplementation in ruminants is a challenging task due to the complexity of copper metabolism in these animals. The three-way interaction between copper, molybdenum and sulphur (Cu-Mo-S) in the rumen makes ruminants, particularly cattle, very susceptible to suffering from secondary copper deficiency. Paradoxically, excessive copper storage in the liver to prevent deficiency becomes a hazard when ruminants are fed copper-supplemented diets even slightly above requirements. While cattle were traditionally thought to be relatively tolerant of copper accumulation, and repo

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7

Fatakhov, Kurban Fatakhovich, Davud Abdulsemedovich Devrishov, and Oleg Borisovich Litvinov. "Effectiveness of Lipomek 2%, a new long-acting antiparasitic ivermectin-based drug, in ruminants affected with siphunculatosis." RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 15, no. 1 (2020): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2020-15-1-97-103.

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The purpose was to study therapeutic properties of Lipomek 2% drug in animals affected with siphunculatosis, and to determine duration of its action against this pathology. To achieve these goals, 2 species of animals were used. Experiments were conducted at 2 different farms - Mygra and Fazenda, where 25 sheep (Lezgin breed) and 17 calves (Caucasian brown breed) were studied. Animal siphunculatoses are the most common parasitic diseases in Rutul village (Rutul district, Republic of Dagestan). The effectiveness of a new long-acting antiparasitic drug Lipomek 2% (ivermectin) against siphunculat

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8

Pessoa, Danielle A. N., Rosane M. T. Medeiros, and Franklin Riet-Correa. "Techniques for prevention and control of poisoning by sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants in ruminants." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 39, no. 10 (2019): 771–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6373.

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ABSTRACT: Monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants cause sudden death associated with exercise in ruminants, and are responsible for significant losses in Brazilian livestock, estimated at 500,000 bovine deaths annually. Most of the times, the control and treatment of this type of poisoning are not efficient, because disease evolution is superacute, usually causing the death of the animal. Due to the difficulty in controlling this intoxication, several studies have suggested alternatives to prevent it, mainly by making animals resistant to the MFA present in these plants or by avoiding their

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9

Radi, Zaher A., Eloise L. Styer, and Larry J. Thompson. "Prunus Spp. Intoxication in Ruminants: A Case in a Goat and Diagnosis by Identification of Leaf Fragments in Rumen Contents." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 16, no. 6 (2004): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870401600620.

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10

Masango, M. G., B. C. Flett, C. E. Ellis, and C. J. Botha. "Stenocarpella maydis and its toxic metabolites: a South African perspective on diplodiosis." World Mycotoxin Journal 8, no. 3 (2015): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2014.1782.

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Stenocarpella maydis is one of the most prevalent ear and stalk rot pathogens of maize globally, causing reductions of grain quality and yield. Various molecular methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques and nucleotide microarrays, have been developed for the identification of S. maydis infestation in maize grain. In addition to diplodiatoxin, new metabolites, namely dipmatol, diplonine and chaetoglobosins K and L, have been isolated from S. maydis infected cultures. S. maydis infected maize is also associated with intoxication in ruminants. Diplodiosis, a nervous dis

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11

Silva, Layze Cilmara Alves da, Danielle Aluska do Nascimento Pessoa, José Radmácyo Gomes Lopes, et al. "Resistance transferance of Amorimia septentrionalis poisoning in goats by ruminal transferance fluid from goats with induced resistance by the inoculation of sodium monofluoroacetate-degrading bacteria." Ciência Rural 45, no. 12 (2015): 2218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20141231.

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Amorimia septentrionalis is a sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) - containing plant that causes sudden death in ruminants. The aim of this study was to determine whether the resistance to A. septentrionalis poisoning in goats conferred by the intra-ruminal inoculation with the MFA-degrading bacteria Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus and Pigmentiphaga kullae can be transferred to susceptible goats by the transfaunation of rumen content. Two groups of 8 goats and 2 goats resistant to A. septentrionalis poisoning were used. Goats in Group 1 received four daily doses of 160ml of rumen content from resis

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12

Isa, Hamza, Gezina Ferreira, Jan Crafford, and Christoffel Botha. "Epoxyscillirosidine Induced Cytotoxicity and Ultrastructural Changes in a Rat Embryonic Cardiomyocyte (H9c2) Cell Line." Toxins 11, no. 5 (2019): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11050284.

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Moraea pallida Bak. (yellow tulp) poisoning is the most important cardiac glycoside-induced intoxication in ruminants in South Africa. The toxic principle, 1α, 2α-epoxyscillirosidine, is a bufadienolide. To replace the use of sentient animals in toxicity testing, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of epoxyscillirosidine on rat embryonic cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cell line). This in vitro cell model can then be used in future toxin neutralization or toxico-therapy studies. Cell viability, evaluated with the methyl blue thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay, indicated a hormetic do

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13

JIPA, ADINA PETRUȚA, and DANELA MURARIU. "RESEARCHES OF THE INFLUENCE OF NITRATE CONTENTS ON MAIN MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF MAIZE PLANTS." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 52, no. 3 (2019): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/cerce-2019-0024.

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Nitrogen is an important element required for plant growth and development. It is a key component in many biological compounds that play a major role in photosynthetic activity and crop yield capacity. Variation in nitrogen availability can affect plant development and productivity in maize. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultural technology is over-fertilization and, in particular, the administration of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Excess of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their empirical application, have negative effects on harvest quality. Excessive use of fertilizer

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14

JIPA, ADINA PETRUȚA, and DANELA MURARIU. "AGROCHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE CHERNOZEMIC SOIL IN THE SUPERFICIAL HORIZON BY DIFFERENTIATED NITROGEN FERTILIZATION." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 53, no. 2 (2020): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/cerce-2020-011.

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Soil fertility, upon which plant growth and hence crop yield and quality depend, embraces its content of plant food (nutrients), its organic matter content, its structure, its ability to supply water and its depth. Excessive use of fertilizers with nitrogen products of ion nitric accumulation in the soil (temporary) and in plants, which disturbs the balance of photosynthesis, causes the appearance of necrosis and burns on leaves, severe intoxication and even death by asphyxiation phenomena and cyanosis at ruminants, children and old people. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultura

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15

Bochnia, Mandy, Jörg Ziegler, Maren Glatter, and Annette Zeyner. "Hypoglycin A in Cow’s Milk—A Pilot Study." Toxins 13, no. 6 (2021): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13060381.

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Hypoglycin A (HGA) originating from soapberry fruits (litchi, and ackee) seeds or seedlings from the sycamore maple (SM) tree (related to Sapindaceae) may cause Jamaican vomiting sickness in humans and atypical myopathy in horses and ruminants. A possible transfer into dairy cow’s milk cannot be ruled out since the literature has revealed HGA in the milk of mares and in the offal of captured deer following HGA intoxication. From a study, carried out for another purpose, bulk raw milk samples from four randomly selected dairy farms were available. The cows were pastured in the daytime. A sycamo

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16

Mendonça, Múcio F. F., Pedro M. O. Pedroso, Luciano A. Pimentel, et al. "Epidemiological aspects of natural poisoning by Prosopis juliflora in ruminants in semiarid areas of the state of Bahia, Brazil, invaded by the plant." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 40, no. 7 (2020): 501–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6664.

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ABSTRACT: Poisoning by Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) leads to neurological signs, cachexia and death, mainly in cattle and goats. Although the uncontrolled spread of mesquite in the Caatinga biome (biological invasion), which alters the epidemiological conditions of intoxication by this plant, has been proved for approximately 20 years, strategies for its control and prophylaxis still remain out of date. These new epidemiological conditions have allowed the uncontrolled consumption of large amounts of in natura mesquite pods by ruminants for long periods in invaded pastures, thus resulting in

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17

Mohammedi, D., S. Mohammedi, and G. Keck. "Principales intoxications végétales chez les ruminants en zone méditerranéenne." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 67, no. 4 (2015): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.20558.

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Les intoxications végétales chez les ruminants sont assez fréquentes mais elles restent méconnues et d’importance difficile à quantifier du fait de la diversité des plantes toxiques qui en sont responsables. Les impacts des intoxications végétales dans le Bassin méditerranéen devraient être mieux évalués pour les distinguer de ceux causés par des infections. En effet, les vétérinaires établissent difficilement un diagnostic d’intoxication végétale et incriminent souvent les agents infectieux. Il est donc important de réunir un maximum d’informations objectives, ce qui est souvent assez délicat

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18

Vudmaska, I., S. Sachko, A. Petruk, N. Pakholkiv, V. Hudyma, and A. Skorokhid. "Correction the blood biochemical parameters in transition dairy cows by hop cones and vitamin E supplement." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 95 (2019): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9522.

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In the prevention and treatment of cow ketosis, the regulation of glucose and fatty acids is the main focus, while ammonia intoxication is largely ignored. The intensity of formation of the rumen ammonia can be reduced by ionophore antibiotic monensin. Hop cones contain a number of biologically active components including phytoionoрhores: prenylated polyphenols lupulon, humulon and their derivatives. Therefore, hop cones can be considered as a potential substitute for antibiotics-ionophores. Vitamin E, fed to ruminants in large quantities, stimulates the cellulosolytic bacteria of the rumen. A

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19

Evans, Tim J. "Diagnostic Challenges and Guidelines Pertaining to Suspected Ruminant Intoxications." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 36, no. 3 (2020): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2020.08.007.

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20

Dutulescu, Alexandru Valentin, Maria Rosca, Alexandra Mihaela Popa, and Mario Codreanu. "Correlative aspects between soil and plant in organophosphorus intoxication in ruminats." Journal of Biotechnology 280 (August 2018): S75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.06.247.

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21

Sun, Yude, Kenneth D. Clinkenbeard, Laura A. Cudd, Cyril R. Clarke, and Patricia A. Clinkenbeard. "Correlation of Pasteurella haemolytica Leukotoxin Binding with Susceptibility to Intoxication of Lymphoid Cells from Various Species." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 12 (1999): 6264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6264-6269.1999.

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ABSTRACT Pasteurella haemolytica, the causative agent of shipping fever pneumonia in cattle, produces a leukotoxin (LKT) which lyses ruminant leukocytes with high efficiency but is reputed to not affect leukocytes from nonruminant species. In this study, we tested the supposition that LKT binding correlates positively with susceptibility to intoxication of susceptible isolated bovine lymphocytes and lymphoma tissue culture cells (BL3 cells) and negatively with reputed nonsusceptible equine, porcine, and canine lymphocytes and human lymphoid tissue culture cells (Raji cells). Bovine lymphocytes

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22

MARCZUK, JAN, JERZY ZIĘTEK, KATARZYNA ZWIERZ, et al. "Ergovaline poisoning in a herd of dairy cows – a case report." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 01 (2019): 6160–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6160.

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Endophytes are fungi of the genus Neotyphodium that live in symbiosis with grasses. The effects of this symbiosis can be both negative and positive. The negative effect may be due to alkaloids produced by endophytes that in higher concentrations are toxic to animals. The most common alkaloids produced by Neotyphodium fungi are ergovaline and lolitrem B. The current state of knowledge on the settlement of grasses by these fungi in Poland is rather small. It has been observed that fungi from the genus Neotyphodium occurring in a pasture sward can produce alkaloids. The average ergovaline content

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23

Basu, Indira, Witold A. Ferens, Diana M. Stone, and Carolyn J. Hovde. "Antiviral Activity of Shiga Toxin Requires Enzymatic Activity and Is Associated with Increased Permeability of the Target Cells." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 1 (2003): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.1.327-334.2003.

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ABSTRACT This study expanded our earlier finding that Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) has activity against bovine leukemia virus (BLV) (W. A. Ferens and C. J. Hovde, Infect. Immun. 68:4462-4469, 2000). The Stx molecular motifs required for antiviral activity were identified, and a mechanism of Stx action on virally infected cells is suggested. Using inhibition of BLV-dependent spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation as a measure of antiviral activity, we showed that Stx2 had antiviral activity similar to that of Stx1. Enzymatic and antiviral activities of three StxA1 chain mutants deficient in enzymati

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24

Borowsky, Aline Moreira, Carlos Afonso De Castro Beck, Eneder Rosana Oberst, et al. "Retrospective Study of Clinical Cases in Ruminants at the UFRGS Veterinary Teaching Hospital." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 47, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.89623.

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Background: The pillars of animal production are sanity, genetics and nutrition. Sanitary control of the herd is important to reduce production costs and maintain health. The Veterinary Clinics Hospital (HCV) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), located in Porto Alegre - RS, is the place of greatest casuistry of the state, with 20.000 annual attendances, between small and large animals. In view of this scenario, the present study aimed to determine the frequency and characterize the ruminants attended at HCV, in order to help in the future, in the construction of control and

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25

Penrith, Mary-Louise, Christo J. Botha, and Royden C. Tustin. "Plant poisonings in livestock in Brazil and South Africa." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 86, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v86i1.1200.

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Information on intoxication of livestock by plants in Brazil, in terms of cause, clinical signs and pathology, is compared with information on livestock poisoning by plants in South Africa. Plant poisoning, including mycotoxicosis, is considered to be one of three major causes of death in livestock in Brazil, which is one of the top beef producing countries in the world, with a cattle population of more than 200 million. Cattle production in South Africa is on a more modest scale, but with some 600 species of plants and fungi known to cause toxicity in livestock, as opposed to some 130 species

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26

Botha, Christo J., Matthew J. Legg, Mariëtte Truter, and Michael Sulyok. "Multitoxin analysis of Aspergillus clavatus-infected feed samples implicated in two outbreaks of neuromycotoxicosis in cattle in South Africa." Onderstepoort J Vet Res 81, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v81i1.848.

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Aspergillus clavatus intoxication is a highly fatal neuromycotoxicosis of ruminants, especially cattle. It is caused by the ingestion of infected sprouting grain and sorghum beer residue. Locomotor disturbances, tremors and paralysis are observed. Histologically, degeneration and necrosis of larger neurons in the medulla oblongata, the midbrain, the thalamus and the ventral horns of the spinal cord are observed. Although a range of mycotoxins such as patulin, cytochalasin E and pseurotin A have been isolated, there is limited information on which specific mycotoxin or group of mycotoxins are i

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27

Ribeiro de Souza, Davi Emanuel, Mizael Machado Da Costa, Jair Alves Ferreira Júnior, et al. "Outbreak of Monensin Sodium Poisoning in Horses Associated with Consumption of Mineral Supplement Based on Sugarcane Molasses." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 47 (January 21, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.89523.

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Background: Sodium monensin is a molecule of the group of ionophores antibiotics (IAs) of the polyether carboxylic type produced from the fermentation of Streptomyces cinnamonensis. Cases of IA poisoning in animals usually occur accidentally. Fatal poisoning in horses, a non-target species and with particular sensitivity usually occurs by the consumption of these products from the toxic dose of 2-3 mg/kg. This report aims to describe the epidemiological and clinical-pathological aspects of an outbreak of ionophore antibiotic poisoning in horses due to the consumption of mineral supplementation

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