Academic literature on the topic 'Iron-aluminum alloys Finite element method'
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Journal articles on the topic "Iron-aluminum alloys Finite element method"
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Wu, Yun, and Qi Lin Zhang. "Finite Element Analysis of Aluminum Beam with Longitudinal Weld." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.100.
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Most aluminum alloys used for structural purpose are either heat treated or cold worked in order to develop higher mechanical properties. When alloys with enhanced properties are welded, the heat of welding reduces the strength in localized regions (named Heat Affected Zone) in and immediately adjacent to the welds, which makes the study of the bearing capacity of welded beams become more complicated. Nowadays it will be long time and cost much if only through experimental method to study the welded aluminum beams. Thus a finite element (FEM) analysis method is tried in the paper. By comparison the test results gotten with the ones of the FEM analysis, it is verified the feasibility of utilizing it to study the welded beams. Furthermore, a large number of results produced by this method validated the formula proposed in China aluminum code.
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Xiao, Yue, and Yumei Hu. "An Extended Iterative Identification Method for the GISSMO Model." Metals 9, no. 5 (2019): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050568.
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This study examines an extended method to obtain the parameters in the Generalized Incremental Stress State Dependent Damage (GISSMO) model. This method is based on an iterative Finite Element Method (FEM) method aiming at predicting the fracture behavior considering softening and failure. A large number of experimental tests have been conducted on four different alloys (7003 aluminum alloy, ADC12 aluminum alloy, ZK60 magnesium alloy and 20CrMnTiH Steel), here considering tests that span a wide range of stress triaxiality. The proposed method is compared with the two existing methods. Results show that the new extended Iterative FEM method gives the good estimate of the fracture behaviors for all four alloys considered.
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Zhan, Li Hua, Xiao Long Xu, and Ming Hui Huang. "Influence of Element Types on Springback Prediction of Creep Age Forming of Aluminum Alloy Integral Panel." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 512–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.512.
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Creep Age Forming (CAF) is an effective forming technique combined forming and heat treatment, based on creep and age hardening characteristics of some aluminum alloys. It has been widely used to manufacture large integral panels with airfoil sections and complex curvatures of high strength aluminum alloy. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of element types on springback prediction of creep age forming of aluminum alloy integral panel. Firstly, the finite element models are built by 3D-solid elements and Shell elements separately. And then a set of creep aging constitutive equations of 7055 aluminum alloy are implemented into the commercial FE solver MSC.MARC through user defined subroutine. Finally, springback values predicted by 3D-solid elements model and Shell elements model respectively are compared under different height to width ratios. Some important conclusions were drawn. For the reinforcing panel with the height to width ratio is more than 5:1, shell elements should be used to get more accurate springback prediction result. If the height to width ratio is less than 5:1, solids elements should be used. Above conclusions provide theoretical basis for the study of CAF of the aluminum alloy integral panel by finite element simulation method.
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Kim, Kyungmok. "Creep–rupture model of aluminum alloys: Cohesive zone approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 8 (2014): 1343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214543413.
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In this article, a creep–rupture model of aluminum alloys is developed using a time-dependent cohesive zone law. For long-term creep rupture, a time jump strategy is used in a cohesive zone law. Stress–rupture scatter of aluminum alloy 4032-T6 is fitted with a power law form. Then, change in the slope of a stress-rupture line is identified on a log–log scale. Implicit finite element analysis is employed with a model containing a cohesive zone. Stress–rupture curves at various given temperatures are calculated and compared with experimental ones. Results show that a proposed method allows predicting creep–rupture life of aluminum alloys.
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Rahman, M. M., M. M. Noor, K. Kadirgama, M. A. Maleque, and Rosli A. Bakar. "Modeling, Analysis and Fatigue Life Prediction of Lower Suspension Arm." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 1557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.1557.
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This paper was presented the finite element modeling, analysis and fatigue life prediction of lower suspension arm using the strain-life approach. Aluminum alloys are selected as a suspension arm materials. The structural model of the suspension arm was utilizing the Solid works. The finite element model and analysis were performed utilizing the finite element analysis code. TET10 mesh and maximum principal stress were considered in the linear static stress analysis and the critical location was considered at node (6017). From the fatigue analysis, Smith-Watson- Topper mean stress correction was conservative method when subjected to SAETRN loading, while Coffin-Manson model is applicable when subjected to SAESUS and SAEBRKT loading. From the material optimization, 7075-T6 aluminum alloy is suitable material of the suspension arm.
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Wang, Zhen Guo, Sheng Li Lv, Cheng Long Xu, and Wei Zhang. "The Safety Study on Corrosion Damage of LC4 Aluminum Alloys by Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.176.
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. The corrosion damage data are obtained through the pre-corrosion accelerated experiment which is performed under three different time levels: 24h, 48h and 72h. Based on the corrosion damage data, a three-dimension (3D) solid model is created by CAD. An analysis procedure is developed using CAD and finite element analysis to predict stresses and residual strength due to corroded pits. The residual strength results of specimens are obtained from the model based on the corrosion damage data. The simulation results are compared with the true testing static intensity results and the method is proved that it is reliable and effective in engineering.
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Güzel, Ahmet, Andreas Jäger, Nooman Ben Khalifa, and A. Erman Tekkaya. "Simulation of the Quench Sensitivity of the Aluminum Alloy 6082." Key Engineering Materials 424 (December 2009): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.424.51.
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A method for the numerical estimation of the final hardness distribution of heat treated aluminum alloys was developed and implemented into a commercial finite element (FE) tool. Jominy end-quench tests were carried out in order to determine the quench sensitivity of the aluminum alloy EN AW-6082. The hardness distribution of the alloy after end-quenching was related to the corresponding cooling rates. The derived relation was tested for an industrial application by investigating the local heat treatment of a prototype crash absorbing structure. Numerical estimations were validated with experimental measurements. Effectiveness of the derived method and possible improvements were discussed.
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Zhang, Ze Chao, Hong Bo Liu, Xiao Dun Wang, Xiang Yu Yan, Jing Hai Yu, and Zhi Hua Chen. "Structural Design and Analysis of Aluminum Dome for Caofeidian Coal Storage." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.396.
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The upper part of Caofeidian coal storage was approximately hemispherical aluminum shell, covered with aluminum alloys plate. The capsule was made of aluminum alloys material, and its span was 125 meters. In the design, according to TEMCOR joint, we used the finite element software MIDAS to build the accurate geometry models and calculation models of aluminum alloys single layer latticed dome structures. By the combination of constant loads, live loads, snow load, wind load, temperature effect and other working conditions, we summarized the consumption of aluminum of the structures, and studied the structural internal force, structural deformation and structural stiffness. In addition, the X and Y two different direction seismic dynamic load was applied to the structure. The structural seismic performance under two kinds of modes were studied through the structure mode analysis of the vibration frequency. The vierendeel dome and single layer dome were controlled by the stability. ANSYS three-dimensional frame element model were set up, and the eigenvalue buckling analysis was carried out. By the geometrical nonlinear finite element method, combining with initial imperfections and material nonlinear, we found out the stability coefficient and the weak parts of the structure.
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Kargin, Boris Vladimirovich. "Computer Analysis of Sinking Pass through one and Two Dies." Key Engineering Materials 684 (February 2016): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.684.3.
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Here results of computer analysis of sinking pass of aluminum alloys in the one and two dies are widely used in aircraft construction and engineering. As a method of computer simulation of finite element method used in the program DEFORM - 2D.
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SI, Liang-ying, LÜ Cheng, K. Tieu, and Xiang-hua LIU. "Simulation of polycrystalline aluminum tensile test with crystal plasticity finite element method." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 17, no. 6 (2007): 1412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(07)60286-6.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Iron-aluminum alloys Finite element method"
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Cisloiu, Roxana. "Computational modeling of hydrogen embrittlement of iron aluminides." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1910.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 93 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-75).
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Blandford, Robert. "Characterization of fatigue crack propagation in AA 7075-T651." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2001. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04092001-152127.
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Boger, Richard Keith. "Non-monotonic strain hardening and its constitutive representation." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1138979144.
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Aue-u-lan, Yingyot. "Hydroforming of tubular materials at various temperatures." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1167627628.
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Sorriano, Claire. "Contribution à la modélisation de la corrosion microstructurale des alliages d'aluminium : simulation numérique et vérification expérimentale sur systèmes modèles." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS066/document.
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La corrosion localisée des alliages d'aluminium a pu être reliée qualitativement au rôle de la microstructure, des phases intermétalliques (IM) en particulier, qui provoquent la sensibilisation à la corrosion localisée des alliages d’aluminium contenant par exemple du cuivre. Mais un effort de modélisation est nécessaire si on veut aller vers de nouvelles méthodes d’essais.L’objectif de ce travail est d'étudier et de modéliser, sur des systèmes métallurgiques très simplifiés, les effets de couplage entre réactions électrochimiques et chimiques qui ne sont pas pris en compte dans l'analyse des essais conventionnels.L’endommagement lors de l’amorçage de la corrosion microstructurale a pu être simulé numériquement par résolution, par la méthode des éléments finis, de l’équation de Nernst-Planck décrivant les phénomènes de transport et les réactions des espèces chimiques en solution.Le comportement en milieu non chloruré de trois combinaisons où le couple IM (cathode)/matrice Al (anode) peut être assimilé à un couple Cuivre/Aluminium a été étudié, ceci de façon à rendre compte de la dissolution sélective qui fait que les phases S ou θ, présentes dans les alliages au cuivre, subissent un enrichissement en cuivre en surface. Pour valider le modèle « AlOH3 » on s’est donc appuyé sur la mesure de la vitesse de corrosion de l’anode pour trois combinaisons testées appelées systèmes modèles.En terme de mécanismes, la confrontation de l’ensemble de ces expériences aux résultats de la simulation numérique démontre que l’amorçage de la dissolution de l’anode nécessite un changement de pH local, et donc que la dépassivation locale de la surface d’aluminium par un effet chimique est l’élément déclenchant du couplage électrique. Pour aller vers une application industrielle et simuler successivement, l’amorçage et la propagation de la corrosion intergranulaire, il reste pour l’amorçage à intégrer les effets d’interaction entre phases et pour la propagation à construire à partir de ce modèle numérique, un modèle valable en milieu confiné et désaéré qui devra satisfaire aux règles physiques imposées par la dimension du système que constitue le joint de grain<br>In literature, localized corrosion of aluminum alloys has been qualitatively related to the role of microstructure, intermetallic phases (IM) in particular, which induces sensitization to localized corrosion of aluminum alloys containing copper, for example. But modeling effort is needed to go further in the development of new testing methods.The objective of this work is to study and model on very simplified metallurgical systems, the effects of coupling between chemical and electrochemical reactions that are not taken into account in the analysis of conventional tests.The damage induced by the microstructural corrosion initiation has been numerically simulated by resolution, by the finite element method, of the Nernst-Planck equation describing the mass transport phenomena and reactions of chemical species in solution.Behavior in non-chlorinated medium of three combinations where the couple IM (cathode) / Al matrix (anode) has been assumed to be close from a Copper / Aluminium couple has been studied, mimicking the selective dissolution of S or θ phases present in copper alloys leading to a surface copper enrichment. Validation of the model "AlOH3" defined in this study, was based on the measurement of the corrosion rate of the anode for the three model systems which were tested.In terms of mechanisms, the comparison of the experimental results of the numerical simulation clearly highlights that the initiation of the dissolution of the anode requires a change in the local pH, and therefore the local depassivation of the surface aluminum by a chemical effect is the triggering element of the electrical coupling.To transfer this numerical approach to an industrial application and simulate successively, the initiation and the propagation of intergranular corrosion, it remains, for initiation to introduce the effects of interaction between phases and for propagation to build, from this numerical model, a robust model in confined and deaerated environment which must comply with the rules imposed by the physical size of the system as defined by the grain boundary
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Zarei, Hamidreza. "Experimental and numerical investigation of crash structures using aluminum alloys." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987969293/04.
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Соболев, Д. О., та D. O. Sobolev. "Неравномерность деформации в процессах правки растяжением листового проката из алюминиевых сплавов : магистерская диссертация". Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/94162.
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В работе приведены основные свойства и виды плоских полуфабрикатов из алюминия и алюминиевых сплавов. Рассмотрена технология производства плоских полуфабрикатов, технология и оборудование для проведения правки растяжением. Приведены новые патентные разработки в области прокатки плоских полуфабрикатов из алюминиевых сплавов. Представлены результаты исследования неравномерности деформации в процессе правки растяжением листового проката из алюминиевых сплавов. Приведено решение задачи правки растяжением полос из алюминиевых сплавов методом конечных элементов в программном комплексе ABAQUS с целью определения уровня деформаций. Выполнен анализ распределения деформаций при правке растяжением горячекатаных полос из алюминиевых сплавов. Неодинаковые значения деформаций по координатным направлениям объяснены с позиций анизотропии свойств прокатанных полос.<br>The paper presents the main properties and types of flat semi-finished products made of aluminum and aluminum alloys. The technology of production of flat semi-finished products, technology and equipment for straightening by stretching are considered. New patent developments in the field of rolling flat semi-finished products from aluminum alloys are presented. The paper presents the results of a study of the non-uniformity of deformation in the process of tensile straightening of sheet metal made of aluminum alloys. The solution of the problem of tensile straightening of strips of aluminum alloys by the finite element method in the ABAQUS software package is presented in order to determine the level of deformations. The analysis of the strain distribution during tensile straightening of hot-rolled strips of aluminum alloys is carried out. Unequal values of deformations along coordinate directions are explained from the standpoint of anisotropy of properties of rolled strips.
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Marion, Antoine. "Modélisation électrochimique de la vitesse de corrosion généralisée du fer en milieu poreux : contribution à un modèle prédictif de la durabilité des aciers non alliés en conditions de stockage géologique." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS008.
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Les enveloppes métalliques en acier non allié choisies par l’Andra comme surconteneurs pour le stockage des déchets radioactifs seront principalement soumises à la corrosion généralisée. L’objectif de ce travail est de démontrer qu’il est possible de simuler sur le long terme cette vitesse de corrosion de façon à bien dimensionner les surconteneurs pour qu’ils restent étanches et confinent la radioactivité des déchets qu’ils contiennent pendant plusieurs siècles.La modélisation par la méthode des éléments finis, basée sur la résolution numérique de l’équation de Nernst-Planck en potentiel libre a donc été utilisée pour prévoir le comportement électrochimique de ces aciers sur des durées inaccessibles à des expériences en laboratoire. A partir d’études paramétriques (influence des constantes de cinétique électrochimique, des constantes cinétiques associées aux réactions chimiques, de la température) et en se basant sur plusieurs comparaisons entre expériences de laboratoire et simulations numériques, il a été possible de déterminer l’ensemble des paramètres et des règles de fonctionnement nécessaires pour construire et utiliser un modèle numérique prédictif le plus complet possible.Dans la simulation à long terme, qui constitue le résultat majeur du travail, on constate qu’après épuisement de l’oxygène dissous initialement piégé, la vitesse de corrosion est contrôlée par le recouvrement de la surface métallique dû à l’apparition de produits de corrosion (magnétite, sidérite). Ce phénomène induit une diminution de la porosité totale, identifiée comme déterminante dans le ralentissement de la vitesse de corrosion<br>Unalloyed steels selected by Andra for nuclear waste storage would be mainly affected by general corrosion. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that it is possible to simulate the long term corrosion rate in order to estimate the thickness of the containers expected to maintain the confinement for several centuries. Modeling by the finite element method, based on the resolution of Nernst-Planck equation in free potential conditions has been used to predict the electrochemical behavior of these steels impossible to reach at long time through laboratory experiments. From parametric studies (influence of electrochemical kinetic constants, kinetic constants dealing with chemical reactions, temperature) and in the light of several comparisons between laboratory and numerical experiments, it was possible to determine all the parameters and all the rules to build and use the most completed predictive numerical model.The main result of this study is a long term prediction model. After a first step it was established that dissolved oxygen initially trapped is consumed, whereas the corrosion rate is controlled by the fractional coverage of the surface due to the formation of corrosion products (magnetite, siderite). As a consequence, the decrease of the total porosity can be identified as a key parameter in the reduction of the corrosion rate
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Williams, Bruce W. "A Study of the Axial Crush Response of Hydroformed Aluminum Alloy Tubes." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3430.
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There exists considerable motivation to reduce vehicle weight through the adoption of lightweight materials, such as aluminum alloys, while maintaining energy absorption and component integrity under crash conditions. To this end, it is of particular interest to study the crash behaviour of lightweight tubular hydroformed structures to determine how the forming behaviour affects the axial crush response. Thus, the current research has studied the dynamic crush response of both non-hydroformed and hydroformed EN-AW 5018 and AA5754 aluminum alloy tubes using both experimental and numerical methods.
Experiments were performed in which hydroforming process parameters were varied in a parametric fashion after which the crash response was measured. Experimental parameters included the tube thickness and the hydroformed corner radii of the tubes.
Explicit dynamic finite element simulations of the hydroforming and crash events were carried out with particular attention to the transfer of forming history from the hydroforming simulations to the crash models. The results showed that increases in the strength of the material due to work hardening during hydroforming were beneficial in increasing energy absorption during crash. However, it was shown that thinning in the corners of the tube during hydroforming decreased the energy absorption capabilities during axial crush. Residual stresses resulting from hydroforming had little effect on the energy absorption characteristics during axial crush.
The current research has shown that, in addition to capturing the forming history in the crash models, it is also important to account for effects of material non-linearity such as kinematic hardening, anisotropy, and strain-rate effects in the finite element models. A model combining a non-linear kinematic hardening model, the Johnson-Cook rate sensitive model, and the Yld2000-2d anisotropic model was developed and implemented in the finite element simulations. This combined model did not account for the effect of rotational hardening (plastic spin) due to plastic deformation. It is recommended that a combined constitutive model, such as the one described in this research, be utilized for the finite element study of materials that show sensitivity to the Bauschinger effect, strain-rate effects, and anisotropy.
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Yu, Jie-lin, and 余杰霖. "Residual Stress Distribution Analysis of Rolled Aluminum Alloy Plates Posses A Middle-wave Subject to Levelling Process by Using Finite Element Method." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65760547394621400996.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>機械與機電工程學系研究所<br>101<br>If an aluminum alloy plate exhibits uneven residual stress distributions inside the plate after rolling, defects such as middle and edge waves can be induced. A leveling process can be used to improve plate flatness. By using the finite-element method and the tension leveling process, the objective of this study was to obtain the final dimensions, appropriate tensile ratio, and residual stress-elimination ratio of aluminum-alloy plates.
This study used MSC Marc finite-element method software to conduct simulations. A model was simulated of elliptical and long axes that were parallel to the plate-length direction of plates, containing middle waves that were subjected to tension leveling was. This paper discusses flatness improvements and the effects on the variations of the tensile ratio, residual stress-elimination ratio, and residual-stress magnitudes after rolling the aluminum-alloy plates by using residual-stress distribution and the leveling process. The Taguchi method of varying scale dimensions was used on the plates containing middle waves. The principal factors that affected the wave-elimination ratio were also discussed.
The simulated results showed that when the tensile ratio increased from 1.0% to 1.5%, flatness increased from 56.1% to 64.2%, the average residual stress in the wave-elimination rate increased from 87.84% to 92.33%, and the residual stress in the plate-elimination rate increased from 80.86% to 82.73%. The principal factor of the effects on the wave-elimination rate was the ratio of the wave-to-aluminum widths.
Books on the topic "Iron-aluminum alloys Finite element method"
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Dawicke, D. S. Biaxial testing of 2219-T87 aluminum alloy using cruciform specimens. National Aeronautics and Administration, Langley Research Center, 1997.
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Koning, A. V. de. Finite element analyses of stable crack growth in thin sheet material. National Aerospace Laboratory, 1985.
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ZnO bao mo zhi bei ji qi guang, dian xing neng yan jiu. Shanghai da xue chu ban she, 2010.
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C, Newman J., Bigelow C. A, and Langley Research Center, eds. Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.
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C, Newman J., Bigelow C. A, and Langley Research Center, eds. Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.
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Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.
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Three-dimensional CTOA and constraint effects during stable tearing in a thin-sheet material. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.
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Fracture analysis of stiffened panels under biaxial loading with widespread cracking. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.
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Center, Langley Research, ed. Fracture analysis of stiffened panels under biaxial loading with widespread cracking. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Iron-aluminum alloys Finite element method"
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Mahmoodkhani, Yahya, Mary A. Wells, Lina M. Grajales, W. J. Poole, and Nick Parson. "Modelling Grain Deformation during Extrusion of AA3003 using the Finite Element Method." In ICAA13: 13th International Conference on Aluminum Alloys. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118495292.ch52.
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Jahanian, Shahriar. "Quenching of Aluminum Solid Cylinder: Numerical Study." In Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000388.
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A numerical method is presented for evaluating the residual stress distribution in a long aluminum solid cylinder subjected to rapid cooling. An analytical model is developed for the temperature distribution. For the boundary conditions, experimental data for the outer surface of the cylinder are used, and a reasonable agreement between the predicted temperature distribution at the center of the cylinder and the experimental data is observed. For the numerical analysis, a quasi-static, uncoupled thermoelastoplastic analysis, based on a hyperbolic sine law, is presented. The numerical results are presented for the temperature distribution as well as the thermoelastoplastic stress distribution in a solid cylinder with temperature-dependent properties. The residual stress distribution is compared with the results of other investigators who used the Finite Element Method, and a reasonable agreement between our results and previous results is observed. The conclusion is reached that the temperature dependency of the yield stresses and the problem of post-yielding are two important factors to be considered when developing a model for predicting the residual stresses in quenched bodies.
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Wang, Ruyao, and Wei Hua Lu. "Nodular Silicon Al–(12–30)% Si Alloys: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behaviors." In Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000283.
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The microstructure, mechanical properties, and fracture of nodular silicon hypereutectic Al–Si alloys containing 12–30 wt% Si are discussed. The eutectic and primary silicon particles are nodulized, offering an average aspect ratio of 1.60–1.70 with a designed modification practice followed by a solution heat treatment of 8–10 h at 510°C–520°C. Such a soaking temperature does not result in coarsening or clustering of the silicon particles. Nodulization of silicon phase leads to an increase in the tensile strength and ductility of alloys at room and elevated temperatures compared with commercial Al–Si alloys. Increasing the Si content leads the tensile strength and elongation of alloys at room temperature to fall down due to the formation of coarsen primary Si grains, but the ultimate tensile strength at 300°C remains unchanged. The ultimate tensile strength σb-alloy of hypereutectic Al–Si alloys is inversely proportional to square root of maximum silicon size dmax. The initiation and propagation of the crack with continuous increase in applied loading were observed under scanning electron microscope. The fracture surfaces in nodular silicon Al–Si alloys are composed of equiaxed ductile dimples. The finite-element method has been used to study the stress distribution within the different morphologies of Si grain and how Si and Al phases interact during loading.
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Biborski, Marcin, and Mateusz Biborski. "Badania składu chemicznego oraz technologia wykonania wybranych zabytków ze stopu miedzi." In Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne. Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo; Muzeum im. Jacka Malczewskiego w Radomiu, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.10.zn.11.
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41 artefacts recovered from the Przeworsk culture cemetery in Żelazna Nowa were originally selected for archaeometric examination. Of that number, 24 brooches and 13 various objects made from copper alloy were analysed. The choice was dictated by their good state of preservation, allowing for reliable results. The method applied was non-destructive energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (ED-XRF), using an X-ray spectrometer operating at 45kV. In addition, selected artefacts were examined using a scanning electron microscope. The results of chemical analyses are presented in Tables 11.1 and 11.2, with weight percent values given, while the raw material and technical data are shown in Tables 11.3 and 11.4. The results indicate that among the 24 brooches and their fragments analysed, 16 were made of brass, including eight made of multi-component tin brass, one made of tinlead brass, and one made of tin-silver brass. Among the remaining eight brooches one was made of iron and seven were bronze pieces, including two made of multi-component zinc bronze, one of lead bronze, and one of silver bronze (inv. no. CCXXIII/15). The addition of lead had significant technological impact on the alloys used for creating the brooches. Even in small quantities, even far below 1%, this element improves the castability and workability of the metal. Zinc, in turn, is added to bronzes as a reducing agent, making the alloy self-reducible. This also makes it possible to reduce the contents of phosphorus. Moreover, the addition of zinc to bronze significantly lowers its melting temperature. The remaining alloying additions (apart from elements recorded in trace amounts, like Ag, Sb, and Fe, which naturally occurred in copper alloys) have had no significant impact on the quality of the raw material used for manufacturing the artefacts under discussion. The presence of silver (a few percent) recorded in two brooches (inv. nos XXXIII/15 and CCXXIII/15) indicates they may have originally been silver-plated. Two brooches (inv. nos XCIX/15 and 21/08) were inlaid with silver wire. The first one was cast from tin bronze and adorned with a filigree wire (Fig. 11.1) in the type of a simple braid, made of highquality (92.99%) silver (Fig. 11.2). The silver wire with a diameter of merely 338.38 μm (Fig. 11.3) was produced by drawing through a die, and it was later braided and hammered into grooves previously prepared on the two crests of the brooch. The second brooch, made of iron (inv. no. 21/08), was adorned with silver of a similarly high quality (91.85%). In this case, however, the exposure to fire resulted in complete destruction of the decoration: its traces only remained in a few places in the form of tiny melt-down droplets. It is worth noting the similar standard of silver used as inlays in both brooches. This seems to corroborate the assumption that the standards of silver used in trade were generally similar over larger areas. It is worth noting two brooches which, despite representing different types, are made of chemically very similar alloys (Tables 11.1–3). One (inv. no. CCIX/15) belongs to type A.III.58, while another represents group A.IV (inv. no. CIX/17). This may indicate that both were manufactured in the same workshop. Except for one brooch forged from iron, all the remaining brooches were cast using the lost wax technique (Table 11.3). Cast pieces also prevail among other artefacts, especially those having profiled surfaces (Table 11.4). Examples include a fragment of a J.7 shield grip (inv. no. XVI/15), a belt finial of type “O” (inv. no. CCXLIX/15), and fragments of bracelets with round terminals (inv. nos XIII/15 and LXXXVI/17). The performed raw material analysis of copper alloy artefacts from Żelazna Nowa produced interesting findings. The results confirm that during the Older Roman Period brass artefacts prevailed among small metal dress items in the Przeworsk culture. Among the 37 copper alloy artefacts analysed, as many as 27 (75%) are brass objects. A similar picture was observed in other sites, with a prevalence of brass artefacts recorded in cemeteries such as those in Karczyn/Witowy, Sadłów, and Szarbia.
Conference papers on the topic "Iron-aluminum alloys Finite element method"
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Ammula, S. C., Y. B. Guo, and M. E. Barkey. "A Finite Element Analysis Based Compliance Method Coupled With Wet Etching to Determine Residual Stress in High Speed Milling." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80102.
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High speed milling (HSM) is widely used in automotive and aerospace industries in fabricating mechanical components from high strength aluminum and other alloys due to high productivity and good surface finish. HSM induced residual stresses may significantly impact the fatigue life and corrosion resistance of the machined components. Traditional methods of residual stress (RS) measurement, such as hole drilling, X-ray diffraction, and neutron diffraction, are very time consuming and expensive, especially for the shallow subsurface (usually &lt;100 μm) of a machined component. The compliance method provides a convenient alternative to these approaches to determine the residual stress distributions in the subsurface. However, the compliance method using wire EDM is prone to experimental errors. In addition, the traditional approach to calculate compliance function is very complex. This paper presents a new wet etching approach to obtain strains as a function of slot depth introduced in the subsurface. The strain readings were collected from a strain gauge mounted on the specimen surface near the slot edge. The compliance function can be conveniently calculated by simulating slot cutting using the finite element method via a Legendre polynomial subroutine as the applied load. These calculated compliance functions and measured strain values at different depths were used as inputs into a program to calculate residual stress. This leads to much a faster and less expensive method of determining residual stresses when compared with the traditional methods of residual stress determination. The capability of this new approach was demonstrated by high speed milling 6061-T651 and 7050-T7451 aluminum alloys. A design of experiment (DOE) method was adopted to conduct fifty-four cutting conditions with three levels of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Residual stress profiles with twelve data points with spatial resolution as small as 1 μm in the subsurface were then obtained using this new approach. Residual stress sensitivity to cutting conditions was investigated. In addition, subsurface microstructure and microhardness were characterized.
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Metzger, Don R., Xinjian Duan, and Mukesh Jain. "Numerical Simulation of Sample Scale Intense Shear Bands in Uniaxial Tension Test of Aluminum Alloys." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71383.
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The present work focuses on the study of the development of shear localization through the use of the conventional finite element method which does not involve the non-associative flow rule, yield surface vertex or void growth model. The various aspects, i.e. geometry idealization, element type, solution procedure, convergence, and particularly the representation of true-stress and plastic strain relationship, are emphasized. The predicted profile of the deformed specimen, shear band angle and strain distribution show an excellent agreement with experimental observations.
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Blouin, Vincent Y., Martin Oschwald, Yuna Hu, and Georges M. Fadel. "Design of Functionally Graded Structures for Enhanced Thermal Behavior." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85290.
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Multi-material structures take advantage of beneficial properties of different materials to achieve an increased level of functionality. In an effort to reduce the weight of vehicle components such as brake disk rotors, which are generally made of cast iron, light materials such as aluminum alloys may be used. These materials, however, may lead to unacceptable temperature levels. Alternatively, functionally graded structures may offer a significant decrease in weight without altering thermal performance. The design of such structures is not trivial and is the focus of this paper. The optimization combines a transient heat transfer finite element code with a genetic algorithm. This approach offers the possibility of finding a global optimum in a discrete design space, although this advantage is balanced by high computational expenses due to many finite element analyses. The goal is to design a brake disk rotor for minimum weight and optimal thermal behavior using two different materials. Knowing that computational time can quickly become prohibitively high, strategies, such as finite element grouping to reduce the number of design variables and local mesh refinement, must be employed to efficiently solve the design problem. This paper discussed the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed design method.
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Asgharifar, Mehdi, Fanrong Kong, Blair Carlson, and Radovan Kovacevic. "Studying Effects of Arc Discharge Surface Texturing on Stress Distribution in Adhesively Bonded Joints by Using Finite Element Modeling." In ASME 2011 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2011-50119.
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This study investigates the potentiality of using atmospheric-pressure Direct Current (DC) plasma arc discharge as a surface treatment method of aluminum alloys in adhesively bonded joints in order to enhance adhesion. The surface morphology exposed to the arc for the current of 40 A (low intensity) and the plasma torch scanning speeds between 20 and 120 mm/s, exhibits a micro-scale surface roughness appropriate for adhesive bonding. The arc textured surfaces are characterized by using an optical profilometer. Additionally, the effect of modified surface on the stress distribution throughout the single-lap adhesively bonded joint in tension is explored by 2D FEM. The geometrical model for FE analysis of adhesively bonded structure is generated by including the surface texture coordinates obtained from the optical profilometer.
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Wang, Junqiang, Shuai Jian, and Xuerui Xu. "Study of Influence Factors on the CTOA Toughness Values by Experiment/Simulation Method." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31172.
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Although the crack-tip-opening angle (CTOA) has been widely recognized as an efficient fracture criterion for modeling stable crack growth and instability during the fracture process, the variation of its toughness value with many different kinds of factors changing for specific material during steady crack extension has been the focus of attention, such as specimen thickness, crack tunneling, notch shape, displacement rate, etc. At first, the present paper reviewed a variety of fracture parameters assessing the stable crack extension for ductile fracture toughness of pipelines steels or aluminum alloys. It was summarized that a few of test techniques and calculation methods available for determination of CTOA toughness, and the development of relative testing standards. Furthermore, the focus for this paper was to discuss a variety of influence factors of the CTOA toughness values in accordance with the results from the CTOA testing and finite element simulation of X70 and X80 steel specimens with different ligament thickness and the relative published articles. To compare the different CTOA values obtained by using direct surface methods and indirect methods from finite element analyses (FEA), CTOA toughness values of X70 and X80 pipeline steel were measured with a modified double-cantilever beam (MDCB) specimen in the servo-hydraulic uniaxial test machine. The gauge thicknesses included 4, 8 and 10 mm. The result of this study showed that critical CTOA values decreased with gauge thickness increasing. It was found that the computed surface CTOA in 3-D finite element analysis was generally lower than direct surface CTOA in the experimental measurement.
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Kurata, Masahiro, Jun-Hee Kim, Jerome P. Lynch, Kincho H. Law, and Liming W. Salvino. "A Probabilistic Model Updating Algorithm for Fatigue Damage Detection in Aluminum Hull Structures." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3838.
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The use of aluminum alloys in the design of naval structures offers the benefit of light-weight ships that can travel at high-speed. However, the use of aluminum poses a number of challenges for the naval engineering community including higher incidence of fatigue-related cracks. Early detection of fatigue induced cracks enhances maintenance of the ships and is critical for preventing the catastrophic failure of the hull. Furthermore, monitoring the integrity of the aluminum hull can provide valuable information for estimating the residual life of hull components. This paper presents a model-based damage detection methodology for fatigue assessment of hulls that are instrumented with a long-term hull monitoring system. At the core of the data driven damage detection approach is a Bayesian model updating algorithm enhanced with systematic enumeration and pruning of candidate solutions. The Bayesian model updating approach significantly reduce the computational effort by systematically narrowing the search space using errors functions constructed using the estimated modal properties associated with the condition of the structure. This study proposes the use of the Bayesian model updating technique to detect damage in an aluminum panel modeled using high-fidelity finite element models. The performance of the proposed damage detection method is tested through simulation of a progressively growing fatigue crack introduced in the vicinity of a welded stiffener element. An experimental study verifies the accuracy of the proposed damage detection method using an aluminum plate excited with a controlled excitation in the laboratory.
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Probert, M. A., H. E. Coules, C. E. Truman, and M. Hofmann. "The Effects of Crack Growth History on Fracture Toughness." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93307.
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Abstract The introduction of cracks into loaded versus unloaded components has a significant effect on the apparent fracture toughness within finite element modelling. The history effects of crack introduction can be beneficial to defect assessment procedures that do not consider prior plasticity specifically from crack introduction. It is assumed that as strain energy is released due to plastic deformation during crack formation a reduction in the energy available for crack propagation under fracture conditions is experienced. This can be characterized by the formation of a plastic wake behind the crack tip and leads to significant increases in load at critical J and other crack growth parameters for modelling situations. However experimental evidence validating this apparent fracture toughness increase are needed. A beneficial increase in apparent fracture toughness can prolong the life of components that might be taken out of service prematurely if history effects are not considered. This paper discusses a series of experimental and modelling approaches that have been taken to assess the magnitude of the benefit in increase of apparent fracture toughness by the manipulation of crack introduction history effects. An initial parametric study of material properties on the effect of introducing cracks into loaded and unloaded components indicates that most benefit be derived from high hardness, high yield materials such as Aluminum 7000 series alloys. Further work has been carried out with experimental C(T) specimens of Aluminum Alloy 7475 T7351. Cracks were introduced by fatigue into the samples. One set of specimens was fatigued with a low mean load and the other with a high mean load, this was achieved by keeping a consistent ΔKI between specimens and changing the load ratio one set of specimens. Fracture test results indicate that the influence of prior plasticity on fracture initiation is much subtler in experimental trials than in the finite element model. Crack growth resistance curves and neutron diffraction results measuring the residual stress created ahead of the crack tip by this method are be discussed and contrasted with the parametric study and finite element modelling of the two different crack introduction scenarios.
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Yi, Dalong, and Hui Zhang. "Thermal Analysis of Friction Stir Welding Process Under Different Control and Energy Parameters." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50451.
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Friction Sir Welding (FSW) process is a solid state welding technology which is widely used in manufacturing field for joints of many types of same or dissimilar materials such as aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and steels and so on. In addition, FSW process is also a complex process associated with heat transfer, plastic deformation, grain recrystallization and material property changing phenomenon. It is commonly known that the thermal condition or the temperature distribution of space and time is important to the final welding condition. However, due to the limitation of experiment measurement and the unfinished work of numerical heat transfer model, the relationship between thermal condition and control parameters still remains a question. In this work, a new numerical model based on energy analysis and finite element method is built to calculate the thermal field of FSW process. The energy generation due to plunge depth and the converting coefficient of friction energy to heat are considered in the model. The effects of energy distribution of both sides, energy efficiency of friction, plunge depth, normal force, traverse speed and rotation speed on the temperature distribution of FSW process are investigated.
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Burbelko, Andriy A., Daniel Gurgul, Edward Fras´, and Edward Guzik. "Multiscale Modeling of Ductile Iron Solidification With Continuous Nucleation by a Cellular Automaton." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28764.
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The solidification of metals and alloys is a typical example of multiphysics and multiscale engineering systems. The phenomenon of different time and spatial scales should be taken into consideration in the modeling of a microstructure formation: heat diffusion, the components diffusion in the liquid and solid phases, the thermodynamics of phase transformation under a condition of inhomogeneous chemical composition of growing and vanishing phases, phase interface kinetics, and grains nucleation. The results of a two-dimensional modeling of the microstructure formation in a ductile cast iron are presented. The cellular automaton model (CA) was used for the simulation. The model takes into account the nucleation of two kinds of grains that appear inside of the liquid during solidification: austenite and graphite. The six states of CA cells correspond to the above-mentioned three phases (liquid, austenite and graphite) and to the three two-phase interfaces. A numerical solution was used for the modeling of concentration and temperature fields. The parabolic nonlinear differential equations with a source function were solved by using the finite element method and explicit scheme. In the mono-phase cells the source function is equal to zero. In the interface cells the value of the source function varies depending on the local undercooling. The undercooling value depends on the front curvature, the local temperature and the local chemical composition of the phases. Overlapping lattices with the same spatial step were used for concentration field modeling and for the CA. The time scale of the temperature field for this lattice is about 104 times shorter. Due to the above reasons, another lattice was used with a multiple spatial step and the same time step. The new grain nucleation of solid phases from a liquid is a phenomenon which must be taken into account for correct simulation of a polycrystalline structure formation. The cumulative distribution curve approach was used to calculate the number of substrates on which nucleation takes place as a function of under-cooling below the equilibrium temperature. An algorithm of continuous nucleation modeling during solidification is presented. The undercooling of solid phase grain nucleation was calculated on the basis of the inverse function of the above-mentioned cumulative distribution curve (fractile) with the argument equal to the random number generated in the interval 0…1 with uniform density. The domain of correct usage of this algorithm was analyzed.
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Mori, K., Y. Abe, and T. Kato. "Finite Element Simulation of Plastic Joining Processes of Steel and Aluminum Alloy Sheets." In MATERIALS PROCESSING AND DESIGN; Modeling, Simulation and Applications; NUMIFORM '07; Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2740811.
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