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1
Schmitz-Temming, Anna. "Der Juncker-Plan: in Europa investieren." GWP – Gesellschaft. Wirtschaft. Politik 64, no. 4 (2015): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/gwp.v64i4.21144.
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Comte, Jean. "Le bilan d'étape du plan Juncker." Alternatives Économiques N° 364, no. 1 (2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ae.364.0042.
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Renier, Romain. "Pourquoi le plan Juncker se trompe de cible." Alternatives Économiques N° 341, no. 12 (2014): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ae.341.0032.
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Le Moigne, Mathilde, Francesco Saraceno, and Sébastien Villemot. "Le plan Juncker peut-il nous sortir de l’ornière ?" Revue de l'OFCE 144, no. 8 (2015): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reof.144.0357.
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Popovici, Oana Cristina, and Adrian Cantemir Calin. "Appraising Romania’s Legal and Institutional Framework for The Implementation of The Juncker Investment Plan." Journal of Management and Training for Industries 6, no. 1 (2019): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/jmti.6.1.53.
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Holland, Stuart. "False start for the juncker recovery proposals." Notas Económicas, no. 41 (June 1, 2015): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-203x_41_1.
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The ‘Juncker Plan’ of November 2014 proposes to define investment criteria for a European Fund for Strategic Investments. This displaces that such investments are within the statutory remit of the EIF – the European Investment Fund – which is part of the European Investment Bank Group and, like the EIB, can issue bonds that do not count on national debt. The BRICS are ready to invest in € bonds to promote European recovery since this is to mutual advantage in sustaining their trade. Rating agencies, pension funds and sovereign wealth funds want a European recovery. Nor are new investment criteria needed. They already were widely defined for the EIB Group by the 1994 Essen Council and in the 1997 Amsterdam Special Action Programme. A host of investment projects that already have planning approval can be jointly EIB-EIF financed and could achieve a Roosevelt style New Deal for Europe.http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183‑203X_41_2
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Cenkier, Agnieszka. "Infrastruktura publiczna - wybrane problemy." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, no. 2 (November 27, 2016): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2016.2.4.
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Today advanced infrastructure is essential for economic growth. Public funds are too short to finance all the infrastructural needs. Private entrepreneurs can supply the lacking funds. Using private funds for financing infrastructural project to help restart European economy is at heart of the Juncker plan. It also is a chance for development of public-private partnerships.
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Drea, Eoin, and Simon Conry. "Germany and the Juncker Plan in Focus: Three Steps to Reconcile Fiscal Consolidation and Investment." European View 15, no. 2 (2016): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12290-016-0415-5.
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Archibugi, Daniele, Andrea Filippetti, and Marion Frenz. "Investment in innovation for European recovery: A public policy priority." Science and Public Policy 47, no. 1 (2019): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scz049.
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Abstract The 2008 crisis had severe consequences in Europe at many levels. One of them is the significantly lower levels of public and private investments. This article explores to what extent a large plan of public innovation investment could contribute to the overall economic recovery and to opening a new stage of development in the European Union (EU). We argue that key scientific and technological opportunities, currently untapped, exist, which have the potential to accelerate economic growth and to pull in private investments. Decisive instruments, such as the Juncker investment plan and the proposed 2021–7 Framework Programme Horizon Europe, are important steps in that direction. The article concludes by reviving Lundvall’s call for a Council for Innovation and Competence Building that should have the same political weight as the EU Economic and Financial Affairs Council.
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Pianta, Mario, Matteo Lucchese, and Leopoldo Nascia. "The policy space for a novel industrial policy in Europe." Industrial and Corporate Change 29, no. 3 (2020): 779–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtz075.
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Abstract This article examines the main actions in the field of industrial, investment and innovation policy currently carried out at the European level, focusing on the changes in Europe’s manufacturing production since the 2008 crisis. Current actions by the EU in this field are assessed—including funding programs, fiscal rules, competition policy, the Juncker Plan-InvestEU initiative and the activities of European Investment Bank. The present and potential space for such initiatives is examined in the light of the growing debate on the need for a return to a greater role for public policies in favoring sustainable growth and support investment. In view of the debate on the new EU budget 2021–2017, the scope for a more active industrial policy is discussed.
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Čavoški, Aleksandra. "EU environmental compliance assurance." Environmental Law Review 21, no. 2 (2019): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461452918824508.
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As part of his overall strategy to create a closer dialogue with citizens, Commission President Juncker pledged to regain the credibility of citizens by focusing on matters of importance to them. In order to fulfil the environmental objectives which are addressed in the context of creating new jobs and boosting growth and investment, the European Commission had to address the issues of poor compliance in the environmental policy area. To that end, the Commission published the 2018 Environmental Compliance Assurance Action Plan containing a set of nine measures specific to environmental policy with the aim of improving compliance with EU environmental law and strengthening environmental governance in both Member States and the EU. This article analyses the approach to compliance in the new Environmental Compliance Assurance Action Plan by exploring the measures set out within it and their alignment with previous initiatives of the Commission to address poor compliance. The Commission’s choice of measures to address sources of non-compliance is assessed using the management theory of compliance. The article concludes that pursuit of the management approach to compliance under the Environmental Compliance Assurance Action Plan should allow for a more coherent and strategic approach to compliance aimed at preventing non-compliance at an earlier stage and addressing the most common reasons of non-compliance in Member States.
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Fontana, Olimpia, and Simone Vannuccini. "Conventional Direction to Unconventional Measures: Using Quantitative Easing to shape Eurozone Fiscal Capacity." Perspectives on Federalism 8, no. 2 (2016): E—124—E—157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pof-2016-0012.
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Abstract Eight years after the outbreak of the crisis, the Eurozone (EZ) fiscal policy remains fragmented at the national level. This paper fills the structural gap between the monetary and fiscal dimensions of EZ economic policy by suggesting a ‘conventional’ direction to the unconventional Quantitative Easing (QE) policy of the European Central Bank (ECB). We propose an evolution for QE to tackle the shortcomings of the current ‘decentralized’ fiscal policy in the EZ. In a nutshell, we suggest a change in the composition of QE asset purchases, focusing on buying European Investment Bank (EIB) bonds that, in turn, would be used to finance real investments through the Juncker Plan programme. The rationale of our proposal is legitimised by an overview of the gloomy macroeconomic conditions of the EZ, and the situation in ongoing policies. The mechanism is described in detail, with a discussion of both its strengths and possible limitations.
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Iñarritu, Beatriz. "La actualidad institucional y económica de España en el marco de la Unión Europea." Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto, no. 53 (October 31, 2015): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ced-53-2015pp233-251.
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<p><strong>Sumario:</strong> I. Introducción.—II. El Estado de la Integración. 1. Debate en el Reino Unido en relación a la Unión Europea. 2. Islandia retira su solicitud de adhesión a la UE. 3. Gobernanza económica: el Semestre Europeo 2015. 4. Debate sobre la gobernanza económica europea: la ambiciosa propuesta española. 5. Acuerdo político sobre el Plan Juncker. 6. La Comisión propone una multa a España por el falseamiento del déficit público.— III. Cuestiones generales de la actualidad económica. 1. BCE: Compra masiva de Deuda pública. 2. Mecanismo Europeo de Estabilidad: primera emisión de deuda con intereses negativos. 3. Acuerdo Trasatlántico UEEEUU: negociaciones pospuestas. 4. Competencia-ayudas públicas: investigación sobre las ayudas a las compañías eléctricas de once países y al sector bancario de cuatro países. 5. Competencia-abuso de posición de dominio: acusaciones a Google y Gazprom. 6. Bruselas recurre la decisión del Tribunal sobre las deducciones fiscales aplicadas por empresas españolas por la adquisición de empresas extranjeras. 7. Tribunal de Justicia: nuevo dictamen en contra de la Ley Hipotecaria española. 8. Competencia: autorización de compra de Jazztel por parte de Orange. 9. Inmigración: plan de acogida a solicitantes de asilo.</p>
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Papadopoulos, Ioannis. "The European Fund for Strategic Investments as a response to the EU's disinvestment crisis: an assessment of the Juncker Investment Plan." International Journal of Diplomacy and Economy 3, no. 2 (2016): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijdipe.2016.081213.
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Papadopoulos, Ioannis. "The European Fund for Strategic Investments as a response to the EU's disinvestment crisis: an assessment of the Juncker Investment Plan." International Journal of Diplomacy and Economy 3, no. 2 (2016): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijdipe.2016.10002289.
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GARLICK, JEREMY. "An Elusive Synergy: The Quest for Cooperation on Energy Security between China and the European Union." Issues & Studies 53, no. 03 (2017): 1750005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1013251117500059.
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In 2012, China and the European Union (EU) issued a joint declaration on energy security. It is unclear, however, what progress has been made since then in terms of applying the goals of the declaration. This paper sets out to assess the present state of China and the EU’s energy security, the potential for future cooperation, and the obstacles which stand in the way. The analysis assesses the extent to which the two actors can work together on improving energy infrastructure, diversifying supplies, and developing renewable and nuclear energy, possibly by finding synergies between China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the EU’s Juncker Plan. It also includes a re-examination of the concept of energy security to take account of the urgency of addressing the collapse of the global environment. Overall, the analysis suggests that although due to geographical and other constraints there may be limited opportunity for cooperation between the EU and China on securing oil and gas supplies, there are both scope and a pressing need for joint action in the field of renewable energy.
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Mazur, Sylwia K. "Doubtful Ally or Ally Full of Doubts? The Course of Transatlantic Relations under Donald Trump’s Presidency." Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs 24, no. 2 (2020): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33067/se.2.2020.1.
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Donald Trump’s “America-fi rst” diplomacy has undermined the foundations of many alliances, including a transatlantic relationship on which post-war liberal order would rest. Under the current American presidency, EU–US relations are facing signifi cant challenges whose implications are still far from clear. The list of discrepancies between the allies are growing ever longer and the American administration’s decisions are antithetical to those taken by Brussels and other European capitals. Divisions, among other things, have occurred over policies towards the Paris Climate Agreement, Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and the Middle East approach. The special relationship between Europe and United States can no longer be taken for granted. In this presented paper, the author has looked beyond current political disagreements in order to focus on the long term factors underlying the “special relationship”. The rationale behind this research is the dawn of great power politics that happens during the transition from uni-to-multipolar order. America’s disengagement from (and defunding of) the global scene means that the European Union will have to adjust to a world with numerous centres of power and different sources of threat. Ursula von der Leyen announced, upon assuming office in December 2019, that she would lead a “geopolitical Commission” engaged in tackling global challenges. All of this in the face of the fi rst American administration in post-war history that opposes European integration. Due to the space limit (and deservedness for sole attention), the security and defence dimension of transatlantic cooperation will only be briefly mentioned. Regardless of any comments made by former European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker that the European Union will not create an alternative model to NATO1, the creation of a Permanent Structure Cooperation (PESCO) and the establishing of a European Defence Fund cannot be omitted. Enhanced European defence will be essential for a “healthy transatlantic partnership with the United States”2. That partnership will, almost certainly, become more transactional.
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Diermeier, Matthias, and Michael Hüther. "Mit dem großen Hebel für mehr Investitionen: ökonomische Bewertung des Juncker-Plans." Wirtschaftsdienst 95, no. 5 (2015): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10273-015-1828-5.
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Gerber, G. H. "Suitability of Brassica juncea (Brassicaceae) as a host plant for oviposition for Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae)." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78, no. 1 (1998): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-053.
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The suitability of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern as a host plant for oviposition for Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) was measured by comparing egg laying on five experimental lines or cultivars of this species with that on B. napus L. (cv. AC Excel, a suitable host) in no-choice or choice tests during a 14-d period in the greenhouse and field. Egg laying was measured indirectly by counting newly hatched nymphs emerging from the plants. The numbers of nymphs emerging from B. juncea (cv. Cutlass) and four experimental lines of B. juncea were about two to ten times lower than from B. napus, indicating that L. lineolaris females lay fewer than half as many eggs on the former species than on the latter species and that B. juncea as a species is a poor host plant for oviposition. The inflorescence was the preferred region of the plant for oviposition on B. napus but not on B. juncea. The numbers of nymphs emerging from the inflorescence of B. juncea (cv. Cutlass) were 8.4 times lower than from the inflorescence of B. napus, indicating that the differences in oviposition on these species were due to the presence of an antixenosis-type of plant resistance factor(s) in the inflorescence of B. juncea. Key words: Insecta, Miridae, Lygus lineolaris, oviposition, resistance, Brassica juncea, B. napus
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LOVE, H. K., G. RAKOW, J. P. RANEY, and R. K. DOWNEY. "DEVELOPMENT OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE MUSTARD." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70, no. 2 (1990): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps90-049.
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The objective of this study was to develop low glucosinolate mustard (Brassica juncea Coss.). This was accomplished through an interspecific cross between an Indian type 3-butenyl glucosinolate containing B. juncea selection and a "Bronowski-gene(s)" containing low glucosinolate B. campestris L. followed by backcrossing to the B. juncea parent. Seed of BC1F2 plants, and selected plants of BC1F3 and BC1F4 generations were analyzed for glucosinolate content by gas chromatography. Total aliphatic glucosinolate contents of individual BC1F2 plants ranged from 57 to 204 μmol g−1 meal. A single BC1F3 plant grown from the BC1F2 plant with the lowest glucosinolate content, identified as 1058, was found to contain less than 1 μmol g−1 meal of total aliphatic glucosinolates. The glucosinolate content in individual plants of the BC1F4 generation of plant 1058 ranged from 0.8 to 2.9 μmol g−1 meal. Field grown progeny of 1058 at three locations in 1987 and at one location in 1988 in Saskatchewan contained less than 10 μmol g−1 meal of total aliphatic glucosinolates. Therefore, the low glucosinolate characteristic of selection 1058 can be considered genetically stable. Progeny of plant 1058 had plant morphology and seed coat reticulation of B. juncea, but poor fertility (< 5 seeds per pod). The development of this low glucosinolate plant is an achievement that should allow the breeding of canola quality oilseed B. juncea mustard.Key words: Mustard, glucosinolate, Brassica juncea, interspecific cross
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Rahayu, Yekti Sri, Tatik Wardiyati, and Moch Dawam Maghfoer. "Pengaruh sistem monokultur dan tumpangsari antara sayuran dan Crotalaria juncea L. terhadap akumulasi Pb, biomassa, dan hasil tanaman." AGROMIX 12, no. 2 (2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35891/agx.v12i2.2583.
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Intercropping system that involves planting multispecies between accumulator plants and cultivated plants is a way to improve the phytoextraction of heavy metals in agricultural land simultaneously. However, how the effect of accumulator plants on the growth and yield of cultivated plants has not been widely studied. This study aims to determine the growth and yield of vegetables intercropped with accumulator plants from the legume group, namely Crotalaria juncea L. The study was carried out using a randomized block design with one factor, namely Chinese vegetable monoculture (P1), bean vegetable monoculture (P2), and accumulator plant monoculture. Crotalaria juncea L. (P3), an intercropping system between Chinese cabbage and Crotalaria juncea L. (P4; and an intercropping system of beans and Crotalaria juncea L (P5). The results showed that in Chinese cabbage, monoculture planting produced biomass and crop yields. per plant and per plot was higher than the crops grown by intercropping. In the bean crop, monoculture and intercropping systems did not provide differences in biomass yield and fruit yield per plant and per plot. Crotalaria juncea L, which was grown in monoculture produced plant biomass and the yield of the stove per square is higher gi compared to those planted by intercropping. Crotalaria juncea L. intercropped with Chinese cabbage was able to accumulate more Pb in the roots, while Crotalaria juncea intercropped with chickpeas accumulated higher Pb in the stems. Crotalaria juncea plants grown in monoculture accumulated higher Pb than those intercropped with vegetables, so further research is needed to test the effective removal of Pb using other cropping systems.
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Costa, M. A., W. S. Tavares, A. I. A. Pereira, I. Cruz, J. E. Serrão, and J. C. Zanuncio. "Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) on organically grown Crotalaria juncea (Fabaceae)." Planta Daninha 30, no. 3 (2012): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582012000300001.
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Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) larvae can avoid foraging on plants of Crotalaria juncea (Fabaceae) after the issuance of floral buds, when the prey of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) incorporate toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids from this plant. This reduces the predation and favors increasing the number of adults and eggs of this defoliator on crops of this plant. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate some biological and ecological aspects of C. externa and U. ornatrix on the organic crop of C. juncea in the EMBRAPA Maize and Sorghum in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Chrysoperla externa and U. ornatrix were more abundant in the vegetative and flowering stages of C. juncea, respectively, with caterpillars of this defoliator feeding on leaves and seeds of this plant. The duration of the stages/instars, survival, lifetime fecundity, and oviposition showed that the branches of C. juncea are a suitable food for U. ornatrix. The abundance of adults and larvae of C. externa was lower in the flowering and pods stages of C. juncea, respectively, when the postures of U. ornatrix are present, probably due to the toxicity of the eggs of this prey to this predator. During these stages, C. externa may be reared with alternative hosts, and when the crops of C. juncea are scarce, an artificial diet should be used for rearing this defoliator in the laboratory for biological research and the development of biological control tactics.
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Handiseni, Maxwell, Young-Ki Jo, Kyung-Min Lee, and Xin-Gen Zhou. "Screening Brassicaceous Plants as Biofumigants for Management of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA." Plant Disease 100, no. 4 (2016): 758–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-15-0667-re.
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Brassicaceae plants rich in glucosinolates have been used as biofumigants for management of Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) and other soilborne pathogens. Efficacy of brassica plant tissue has mainly been attributed to toxic isothiocyanates released upon hydrolysis of glucosinolates. Management of R. solani AG 1-IA, the causal agent of sheath blight in rice (Oryza sativa), using biofumigation, is promising but needs more validation. Biofumigation activity of nine Brassicaceae plants and two other related species were evaluated in vitro with soils from Texas, Arkansas, or Mississippi. All plants evaluated significantly suppressed the mycelium growth of R. solani AG 1-IA. Mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars (‘Brand 199’, ‘Ruby Streak’, ‘Florida Broadleaf’, and ‘Green Wave’) consistently provided the greatest (>90%) mycelial inhibition, while sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and Chinese cabbage (B. rapa) had the least suppressive effect. B. juncea ‘Red Giant’ and ‘Sheali Hong’, turnip (B. rapa), kale (B. oleracea), and arugula (Eruca sativa) showed intermediate efficacy or were inconsistent. Effects of soil pasteurization and plant tissue amendment rates were examined with B. juncea Brand 199 and Texas soil. Inhibition of mycelial growth became greater with increasing plant amendment rates up to 3.2% (wt/wt) in the soil. Soil pasteurization almost completely suppressed the release of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). The nonpasteurized soil amended with 0.5% (wt/wt) of the plant material released 96% more AITC than the soil amended with 0.25% (wt/wt) of the plant material. The highest levels of AITC release were observed at 12 and 24 h after soil amendment, with 0.25 and 0.5% (wt/wt) of the plant material, respectively. Antifungal effects of B. juncea are attributed to dose-dependent production of volatile AITC and could be used for managing rice sheath blight caused by R. solani AG 1-IA.
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Diakhate, Sidy, Florence Khady Ngom, and Saïdou Nourou Sall. "Controlling plant-parasitic nematodes in sandy soil in the Senegal River Valley using composts based on potentially nematicidal plants." Journal of Applied Biosciences 145 (January 31, 2020): 14892–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.145.5.
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Objective: This study in the Senegal River Basin evaluated the effect of three types of compost, made from manure combined with straw, Calotropis procera (Sodom Apple) or Crotalaria juncea (Indian Hemp) , on plant-parasitic as well as free-living nematodes and on the growth of tomato plants. Methodology and results: This study was performed in a greenhouse where a Mongal tomato was grown during 3 months in a soil that had been abandoned due to infestation by nematodes. The treatments were composts of straw, Calotropis procera Crotalaria juncea and control without compost. The soils amended with compost had significantly higher nematode abundances than the unamended. The compost with Crotalaria juncea gave the highest abundance. The soils with compost also had a much lower proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes than the control soil and much higher proportion of bacterivorous nematodes. The height of the plants was positively correlated with the proportion of bacterivorous nematodes and negatively correlated with the proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes. Conclusions and application of the results: The influence on the soil nematode community of compost materials is associated more with their phenol content than the total organic carbon. The Calotropis procera and Crotalaria juncea encourage the growth of the bacterivorous nematode community, which plays an important role in maintaining soil fertility, and the growth of omnivorous and predatory nematodes while limiting the growth of the plant-parasitic nematode community. The results suggested that the compost with Crotalaria juncea seems to be worthwhile pursuing as it maintained the equilibrium between nematode feeding guilds while suppressing plant-parasitic nematodes. Keywords: Compost, Crotalaria, Calotropis, Straw, Nematode, sandy soil.
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T., Binish. "Micropropagation of traditional medicinal plant Ceropegia juncea." Annals of Plant Sciences 7, no. 2 (2018): 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.2.2.
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Ceropegia species which possess wide medicinal properties are being used in different traditional medicinal systems that are used by tribal people for curing different ailments. Ceropegia juncea was reported to be the source of ‘Soma’, a plant drug of the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The plant extract is used for the treatment of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiulcer activities, liver disorders, hypotension, ulcerative condition and fever. It is also used as typical anesthetic agent. The present study was conducted to establish a protocol for in- vitro propagation of an endemic medicinal plant Ceropegia juncea maximum shoot proliferation better shoots with a sprouting frequency of 86% and with an average of 8.28 ±1.11 shoots /explants and attained a length of 5.37±0.74 cm was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s, 1962 (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) 1.5 mg/L + NAA 1.0mg/L and highest rooting of in vitro derived shoots was achieved on half MS with IBA 0.75mg/L.
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Kirti, P. B., S. B. Narasimhulu, T. Mohapatra, S. Prakash, and V. L. Chopra. "Correction of chlorophyll deficiency in alloplasmic male sterile Brassica juncea through recombination between chloroplast genomes." Genetical Research 62, no. 1 (1993): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300031505.
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SummaryBrassica juncea cv. Pusa Bold carrying B. oxyrrhina cytoplasm (oxy cytoplasm) was male sterile and chlorotic under field conditions at low temperature (Prakash & Chopra, 1990). Leaf protoplasts of the chlorotic male sterile alloplasmic line (2n = 36) were fused with hypocotyl protoplasts of green male fertile, B. juncea cv. RLM-198 (2n = 36) using polyethylene glycol. Of the 1043 plants regenerated from 10 fusion experiments, 123 had ‘gigas’ features and were identified as presumptive fusion products. Among field-grown population, one plant was dark green even at low temperatures and male sterile. It possessed 72 chromosomes which formed 36 bivalents at late diakinesis of meiosis-I. This plant was back-crossed to B. juncea cv. Pusa Bold (the maintainer line) for three successive generations. One male sterile, normal green BC3 progeny plant with 2n = 36 was analyzed for organelle constitution. Probing its total DNA with the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit I revealed that it possessed mitochondria of B. oxyrrhina. Southern hybridization pattern with the gene for ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase-large subunit (rbcL) revealed that the chloroplast genome of the chlorophyll deficiencycorrected plant had characteristics of both B. juncea and B. oxyrrhina. The deficiency correction has been attributed to recombination between chloroplast genomes of the two species.
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Kjellström, C. "Comparative growth analysis of Brassica napus and Brassica juncea under Swedish conditions." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 3 (1993): 795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-102.
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Indian cultivars of Brassica juncea were tested in field experiments at the research farm of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, to determine their agronomic performance under Swedish climatic conditions. In this study, production and development of a B. juncea cultivar of Indian origin and a Swedish B. napus cultivar were compared in a growth analysis during 1987–1990. Plants were harvested at approximately weekly intervals from emergence to maturity, and separated into leaves, stems, pods and seeds. Area indices of leaves, stems and pods were calculated, and dry weight of each plant component was determined. On an average of 4 yr, the total growing period was similar for both cultivars, 107 d or ca. 1030 growing degree days (GDD), with an earlier onset and a shorter duration of flowering for B. juncea. Dry weights of all vegetative plant components, especially stems, reached higher maximum levels in the highly branched B. juncea cultivar than in the B. napus cultivar. By the end of the flowering stage, B. napus had accumulated a significantly higher percentage of final total dry matter than B. juncea. After flowering, the crop growth rate was significantly higher in B. juncea, 0.54 g m−2 GDD−1, than in B. napus. Seed yield level was similar in both species, and in year 1990 ca. 2.2 t ha−1 was harvested. Key words: Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, growth analysis, area index
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Karl J Samuel, P. N., and R. S. A. Sorna Kumar. "Antioxidant, antimicrobial, haemolytic, germination and growth promoting properties of Crotalaria juncea L." Plant Science Today 7, no. 2 (2020): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2020.7.2.653.
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Crotalaria juncea L., commonly called as Sun Hemp generally found in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the Indian subcontinent, used as food and medicine by the tribal communities. The plant has been reported to have various medicinal properties. This study is focused on the evaluation of anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, haemolytic, germination and growth-promoting properties of C. juncea. The leaf and root extracts of the plant was prepared and used as the standard for various tests. The results obtained for the tests mentioned above were compared with each other. The crude proteins were found abundantly in the water extracts. The maximum antioxidant activity was found in the methanolic extracts of the leaf. It also showed a very little antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis. The germination and growth of the plant were significantly promoted by the methanolic extracts of the root when compared to the methanolic extract of the leaf. The extracts of the plant were found to have better growth-promoting activity. Crotalaria juncea can be incorporated in the fertilizers to promote the yield.
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Belimov, Andrey A., Alexander I. Shaposhnikov, Tatiana S. Azarova, et al. "Microbial Consortium of PGPR, Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Makes Pea Mutant SGECdt Comparable with Indian Mustard in Cadmium Tolerance and Accumulation." Plants 9, no. 8 (2020): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9080975.
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Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most widespread and toxic soil pollutants that inhibits plant growth and microbial activity. Polluted soils can be remediated using plants that either accumulate metals (phytoextraction) or convert them to biologically inaccessible forms (phytostabilization). The phytoremediation potential of a symbiotic system comprising the Cd-tolerant pea (Pisum sativum L.) mutant SGECdt and selected Cd-tolerant microorganisms, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Variovorax paradoxus 5C-2, nodule bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae RCAM1066, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus sp. 1Fo, was evaluated in comparison with wild-type pea SGE and the Cd-accumulating plant Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern.) VIR263. Plants were grown in pots in sterilized uncontaminated or Cd-supplemented (15 mg Cd kg−1) soil and inoculated or not with the microbial consortium. Cadmium significantly inhibited growth of uninoculated and particularly inoculated SGE plants, but had no effect on SGECdt and decreased shoot biomass of B. juncea. Inoculation with the microbial consortium more than doubled pea biomass (both genotypes) irrespective of Cd contamination, but had little effect on B. juncea biomass. Cadmium decreased nodule number and acetylene reduction activity of SGE by 5.6 and 10.8 times, whereas this decrease in SGECdt was 2.1 and 2.8 times only, and the frequency of mycorrhizal structures decreased only in SGE roots. Inoculation decreased shoot Cd concentration and increased seed Cd concentration of both pea genotypes, but had little effect on Cd concentration of B. juncea. Inoculation also significantly increased concentration and/or accumulation of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, P, S, and Zn) by Cd-treated pea plants, particularly by the SGECdt mutant. Shoot Cd concentration of SGECdt was twice that of SGE, and the inoculated SGECdt had approximately similar Cd accumulation capacity as compared with B. juncea. Thus, plant–microbe systems based on Cd-tolerant micro-symbionts and plant genotypes offer considerable opportunities to increase plant HM tolerance and accumulation.
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Irin, Israt Jahan, and Parimal Kanti Biswas. "Performance of Different Green Manuring Crops in Bangladesh." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 8, no. 1 (2021): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v8i1.53264.
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An experiment was conducted at Sher-e-bangla Agricultural University during May to July, 2016 to examine the morpho-physical potentiality of eight green manure species and these species are viz. Sesbania aculeata, Sesbania rostrata, Crotalaria juncea, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna mungo, Vigna radiata, Leucaena leucocephala and Mimosa pudica. Leaves number, biomass production and nodulation are an important character of any green manuring crops as these crops are very potential for increasing soil fertility after incorporation. The growth habits of these species were studied from 15 DAS to 45DAS whereas dry matter/plant and nodulation data were taken from 25 DAS to 50DAS. At 45DAS, Sesbania aculeata, Sesbania rostrata and Vigna unguiculata shown 53% to 149% higher plant height compared to Vigna mungo, although C. juncea performed better at 30DAS compared to V. unguiculata. Again, C. juncea along with S. rostrata and S. aculeata gave the highest fresh biomass (24% to 72%), dry biomass (2.6t/ha to 5.25t/ha), dry matter plant-1 (60% to 83%) and nodulation compared to rest green manures at 45DAS whereas V. unguiculata produced higher dry matter plant-1 at 20DAS but later it declined insignificantly at 50DAS.The lowest performance was observed from V. mungo followed by V. radiata and M. pudica. It was shown that S. rostrata, S. aculeata, C. juncea, V. unguiculata and L.leucocephala performed better regarding biomass, dry matter and nodule production.
 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(1): 25-31, April 2021
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Oulad El Majdoub, Yassine, Filippo Alibrando, Francesco Cacciola, et al. "Chemical Characterization of Three Accessions of Brassica juncea L. Extracts from Different Plant Tissues." Molecules 25, no. 22 (2020): 5421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225421.
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Indian mustard or Brassica juncea (B. juncea) is an oilseed plant used in many types of food (as mustard or IV range salad). It also has non-food uses (e.g., as green manure), and is a good model for phytoremediation of metals and pesticides. In recent years, it gained special attention due to its biological compounds and potential beneficial effects on human health. In this study, different tissues, namely leaves, stems, roots, and flowers of three accessions of B. juncea: ISCI 99 (Sample A), ISCI Top (Sample B), and “Broad-leaf” (Sample C) were analyzed by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS/MS. Most polyphenols identified were bound to sugars and phenolic acids. Among the three cultivars, Sample A flowers turned were the richest ones, and the most abundant bioactive identified was represented by Isorhamnetin 3,7-diglucoside (683.62 µg/100 mg dry weight (DW) in Sample A, 433.65 µg/100 mg DW in Sample B, and 644.43 µg/100 mg DW in Sample C). In addition, the most complex samples, viz. leaves were analyzed by GC-FID/MS. The major volatile constituents of B. juncea L. leaves extract in the three cultivars were benzenepropanenitrile (34.94% in Sample B, 8.16% in Sample A, 6.24% in Sample C), followed by benzofuranone (8.54% in Sample A, 6.32% in Sample C, 3.64% in Sample B), and phytone (3.77% in Sample B, 2.85% in Sample A, 1.01% in Sample C). The overall evaluation of different tissues from three B. juncea accessions, through chemical analysis of the volatile and non-volatile compounds, can be advantageously taken into consideration for future use as dietary supplements and nutraceuticals in food matrices.
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Beltrá, Juan Carlos, María Gabarrón, Ángel Faz, Raúl Zornoza, José A. Acosta, and Silvia Martínez-Martínez. "Nitrogen Assessment in Amended Mining Soils Sown with Coronilla juncea and Piptatherum miliaceum." Minerals 12, no. 4 (2022): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12040433.
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Metalliferous mining activities generate a large amount of waste. This waste usually has high concentrations of pollutants such as metal(oid)s associated with the extractive processes, which, if not properly treated and reclaimed, put the ecosystem and the population at risk. One of the most used techniques for mine waste reclamation is aided phytostabilization, which is based on the use of plants that immobilize metals in the soil/roots aided by the use of amendments to improve the soil properties to favor plant growth. Although amendments increase nutrients and improve the soil properties, the concentration of these nutrients—especially N, the most limiting plant nutrient—decreases over time. Thus, this study focused on the evaluation of the relationship between different combinations of amendments (compost, biochar, zeolite and limestone) and plant growth (we introduced Coronilla juncea and Piptatherum miliaceum) on the evolution of soil N over time as well as the influence of C. juncea on soil N fixation. The results showed that the addition of amendments improved the soil characteristics in all plots favoring the growth of C. juncea and P. miliaceum. The compost provided higher concentrations of total N, nitrites, nitrates and ammonium due to the nature of this amendment and the biochar was less in measure. The limestone helped to elevate the pH and the zeolite controlled the exchangeable ions. Soils from C. juncea showed higher concentrations of N forms, suggesting that this legume contributes to the enrichment of soil N, likely due to biological fixation. Hence, the combinations limestone-zeolite-compost and limestone-zeolite-compost-biochar were the most suitable treatments for improving the soil fertility and favored plant growth. In addition, C. juncea seems to be a good candidate for reclaiming mining environments.
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Artiana, Artiana, Lilis Hartati, Abrani Sulaiman, and Jamzuri Hadie. "PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KOTORAN SAPI DAN JERAMI KACANG TANAH SEBAGAI BOKASHI CAIR BAGI PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.)." EnviroScienteae 12, no. 3 (2016): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v12i3.2443.
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Has conducted a study entitled " Cow Manure Waste Utilization and Straw Peanut For Liquid Bokashi For Plant Growth mustard (Brassica juncea L.)". This study aimed to analyze the nutrient content in the liquid Bokashi is derived from cow dung and straw peanuts, and study the effect of dosing Bokashi different liquid to the growth of the mustard plant (Brassica juncea L.). Methods using a completely randomized design with one factor at a dose of 125 ml, 250 ml, 375 ml and 500 ml, and as control using Bokashi solid. This research was conducted with four replications. Bokashi liquid nutrient content of C of 0,1045%, 0,0461% of N, P and K amounted to 0.0172% at 0.2500%. The content of nutrient dense Bokashi C of 6,0874%, 2,0169% of N, P and K amounted to 0,0218% at 5,7802%. Bokashi dosing different liquid to the growth of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) significant effect on the growth of mustard, but still lower than the solid Bokashi. Dose liquid Bokashi most optimal for growing mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is at 375 ml.
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Tantray, M. A., A. S. Shawl, M. A. Khuroo, and N. Ali. "Homoisoflavanones from Lespedeza juncea." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 44, no. 4 (2008): 424–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-008-9091-2.
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Adenekov, S. M., A. N. Kupriyanov, A. Zh Turmukhambetov, N. M. Gafurov, and K. A. Dzhazin. "Austricin from Artemisia juncea." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 28, no. 6 (1992): 633–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00630453.
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Cheng, Zhong, Cai, Su, and Li. "Genome-Wide Identification and Gene Expression Analysis of ABA Receptor Family Genes in Brassica juncea var. tumida." Genes 10, no. 6 (2019): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10060470.
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Abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in multiple physiological processes, such as plant response to stresses and plant development. The ABA receptors pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/ PYR1-like (PYL)/regulatory components of ABA receptor (RCAR) play a crucial role in ABA perception and signaling. However, little is known about the details regarding PYL family genes in Brassica juncea var. tumida. Here, 25 PYL family genes were identified in B. juncea var. tumida genome, including BjuPYL3, BjuPYL4s, BjuPYL5s, BjuPYL6s, BjuPYL7s, BjuPYL8s, BjuPYL10s, BjuPYL11s, and BjuPYL13. The results of phylogenic analysis and gene structure showed that the PYL family genes performed similar gene characteristics. By analyzing cis-elements in the promoters of those BjuPYLs, several hormone and stress related cis-elements were found. The results of gene expression analysis showed that the ABA receptor homologous genes were induced by abiotic and biotic stress. The tissue-specific gene expression patterns of BjuPYLs also suggested those genes might regulate the stem swelling during plant growth. These findings indicate that BjuPYLs are involved in plant response to stresses and organ development. This study provides valuable information for further functional investigations of PYL family genes in B. juncea var. tumida.
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Wechter, W. Patrick, Mark W. Farnham, J. Powell Smith, and Anthony P. Keinath. "Identification of Resistance to Peppery Leaf Spot among Brassica juncea and Brassica rapa Plant Introductions." HortScience 42, no. 5 (2007): 1140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.5.1140.
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Brassica leafy greens (Brassica juncea L. and Brassica rapa L.) represent one of the most economically important vegetable crop groups in the southeastern United States. In the last 10 years, numerous occurrences of a leaf-spot disease on these leafy vegetables have been reported in several states. This disease, known as peppery leaf spot, is now causing serious crop losses and has been attributed to the bacterial phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Psm). To date, it appears that all cultivars of the Brassica leafy greens are susceptible, and available pesticides for control of this disease appear unable to reduce the disease to acceptable levels. Thus, we undertook a search for potential resistance to this disease among accessions of B. juncea and B. rapa included in the U.S. Plant Introduction (PI) collection. In greenhouse trials, we screened commercial cultivars and 672 U.S. PIs (226 B. juncea and 446 B. rapa) for resistance to Psm with artificial inoculation. Although severity of disease symptoms was significantly different among inoculated accessions, no acceptable levels of resistance were found in any of the more than 400 B. rapa accessions tested. Only two B. juncea accessions (PI 195553 and G 30988) of 226 tested had acceptable levels of resistance that might prove economically useful.
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Kulkarni, Manoj G., Wendy A. Stirk, Colin Southway, et al. "PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ENHANCE GOLD UPTAKE INBRASSICA JUNCEA." International Journal of Phytoremediation 15, no. 2 (2013): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2012.683207.
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Gan, Y., S. S. Malhi, S. A. Brandt, and C. L. McDonald. "Assessment of seed shattering resistance and yield loss in five oilseed crops." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 1 (2008): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07028.
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Use of appropriate harvest management can minimize the yield loss of crucifer crops due to seed and pod shattering. This study determined the difference among five canola/mustard species in the degree of resistance to seed shattering and yield losses. Sinapis alba yellow mustard AC Base, Brassica juncea canola Amulet, Brassica juncea mustard Cutlass, Brassica rapa canola Hysyn, and Brassica napus canola InVigor 2663 were grown at Star City, Scott and Swift Current, SK, from 2004 to 2006. Seed yield was highest for napus canola (2146 kg ha-1), followed by juncea mustard (1971 kg ha-1) and juncea and rapa canola, while alba mustard (1547 kg ha-1) was the lowest. Straight combining compared with swathing resulted in 13% greater seed yield for juncea canola and juncea mustard, and 7% greater for rapa canola, while napus canola did not show yield difference between the two operation regimes. Under high shattering conditions, juncea mustard shed about 400 pods m-2, significantly greater than the four other species. Rapa canola had the lowest number of shed pods. Juncea mustard and napus canola had largest yield loss (about 7% of the total seed yield) during straight combining, followed by alba mustard (5%), and rapa and juncea canola (< 4%). Selection of shattering resistant species and use of straight combining can minimize seed yield losses in the production of crucifer oilseed crops. Key words: Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica juncea, Sinapis alba, swathing, straight–combine
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Li, C. X., K. Sivasithamparam, G. Walton, et al. "Expression and relationships of resistance to white rust (Albugo candida) at cotyledonary, seedling, and flowering stages in Brassica juncea germplasm from Australia, China, and India." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 3 (2007): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06237.
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White rust (Albugo candida) is a highly destructive disease of oilseed Brassicas such as Brassica juncea and B. rapa. Most commercial B. juncea or B. rapa varieties are highly susceptible and yield losses from combined infection of leaves and inflorescences can be up to 20% or 60% in Australia and India, respectively. In Australia, canola-quality B. juncea has been developed to extend oilseed Brassica production into lower rainfall areas, with the first commercial B. juncea canola-quality variety planned for release in 2006. It is essential to identify useful sources of host resistance in B. juncea as breeding and/or selection of material for resistance is the most cost-effective method of delivering control for farmers. Three experiments were undertaken under controlled-environmental conditions to identify the best methods of characterising host resistance and to identify sources of resistance in B. juncea germplasm from Australia, China, and India. Forty-four B. juncea genotypes, viz. 22 from India, 12 from Australia, and 10 from China, were tested. Four Chinese genotypes (CBJ-001, CBJ-002, CBJ-003, CBJ-004) and one Australian genotype (JR049) consistently showed high resistance to A. candida across the different plant growth stages against a pathotype prevailing in Australia. Similarly, the most susceptible genotypes (viz. Indian genotypes RH781, RL1359, RH819) were extremely susceptible irrespective of the plant growth stage. Overall, although disease severity on cotyledons and leaves at the different growth stages was significantly and positively correlated, there was, however, no significant correlation between the number of stagheads and any of the other disease parameters measured. Our study demonstrates that controlled-environmental conditions are suitable for rapid identification of resistant genotypes and that genotypes with high levels of resistance can be reliably identified at the cotyledonary, seedling, or flowering stages.
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Silva, Tatyane Martins, Gabriela de Medeiros Macêdo, Nathalia Zenaide Duraes Soares, et al. "Phytoremediation Potential of Crotalaria juncea Plants in Lead-Contaminated Soils." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 12 (2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n12p27.
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Soil pollution by highly toxic metals (such as lead, Pb) derived from human activities has become a serious problem in recent years. Phytoremediation is a technique that uses plants or microorganisms to remedy such toxicity from contaminated soils and water. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the legume Crotalaria juncea as a phytoremediator of lead-contaminated soils. We evaluated plant growth and lead content in the soil andin C. juncea&rsquo;s leaves and roots. Three treatments with varying concentrations of lead in the soil were evaluated: 0 mg kg-1 (control), 250 mg kg-1, and 500 mg kg-1. Plant growth and plant physical aspects were quantified. Metal concentration in the soil, leaves, and roots was assessed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The species had a survival rate of 100%. The highest content of lead was found in the plants&rsquo; roots. Plant growth did not differ significantly among the three treatments, leaf lead concentration did. Crotalaria juncea has potential for lead phytoremediator. In addition, it is a tolerant vegetal and hyperaccumulator of Pb, mainly in the roots, and due to these characteristics its potential for phytoextraction of this metal under field conditions should be evaluated.
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Nibalvos, Aljon Victor, and Cristina H. Tan Nibalvos. "Growth Effect of the Different Ratios of Wood Vinegar on Brassica juncea." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 2 (2021): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v5i2.111.
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Four (4) different ratios of wood vinegar namely; 1:5; 1:10; 1:20 and 1:30 mL WV to water ratio extracted from coconut shell was tested to determine their growth effect on Brassica juncea or mustard plant or locally known as mustasa. Parameters measured were leaf number, plant height, plant leaf width. Using randomized complete block design, experimental tests were conducted using Brassica juncea as test plants. The samples of 10 days old were allowed to flourish in a potted plant with day to day application of the wood vinegar solutions together with the negative control for a total of 30 days. Results revealed that the wood vinegar ratios applied have no significant effect on the growth of the mustard plant in terms of its leaf number, plant height and leaf width. This indicates that coconut shell wood vinegar at 1:5, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 are not applicable ratios for plant production, as that an increased wood vinegar application increases plant production and growth.
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Zhao, Haifei, Wei Yan, Kunjiang Yu, Tianya Wang, Aimal Nawaz Khattak, and Entang Tian. "QTL identification for nine seed-related traits in Brassica juncea using a multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 57, No. 1 (2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/73/2020-cjgpb.
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Agronomic traits are usually determined by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that can have pleiotropic effects. A multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population is well suited for genetically analysing the effects of multiple QTLs on the traits of interest because it contains more QTL alleles than a biparental population and can overcome the problem of confounding the population structure of the natural germplasm population. We previously developed the B. juncea MAGIC population, derived from eight B. juncea lines with great diversity in agronomic and quality traits. In this study, we show that the B. juncea MAGIC population is also effective for the evaluation of multiple QTLs for complex agronomic traits in B. juncea. A total of twenty-two QTLs for nine seed-related traits were identified, including one QTL for each oil content, seed number per silique and thousand-seed weight; two QTLs for each acid detergent lignin and neutral detergent fibre; three QTLs for each acid detergent fibre and protein content; four QTLs for the seed maturity time; and five QTLs for the white index. Some of these QTLs overlapped. These results should be helpful for further fine mapping, gene cloning, plant breeding and marker-assisted selection (MAS) in B. juncea.
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Muhammad, Aslam P., Rawal Pinkey, C. Ramesh, and G. Chaitra. "Evaluation of Antidiarrheal properties of ethanol extract of Brassica juncea in experimental animals." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 2-S (2021): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2-s.4615.
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Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-diarrheal potentials of ethanol extract of Brassica juncea in albino rats. 
 Materials and methods: The defatted powder of whole plant of Brassica juncea subjected to extraction using ethanol in soxhlet apparatus. The acute oral toxicity was studied for ethanol extract according to OECD guidelines 425. The antidiarrheal properties of ethanol extracts was assessed against castor oil induced diarrhea, magnesium sulfate induced diarrhea and charcoal passage test in albino wistar rats.
 Results: The ethanol extract of Brassica juncea has effectively reversed diarrhea. The extract at higher dose 400mg/kg shows significant reduction the number of feces against castor oil induced and MgSO4 induced diarrhea. In charcoal passage test, higher dose of ethanol extract also shown significant reduction in the distance travelled.
 Conclusion: The result obtained establish the efficiency of ethanol extract of Brassica juncea as antidiarrheal agent
 Keywords: Brassica juncea, castor oil, magnesium sulphate, charcoal passage test.
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Jeliazkova, Ekaterina A., Valtcho D. Jeliazkov, Lyle E. Craker, and Baoshan Xing. "Heavy Metals and Seed Germination in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." HortScience 33, no. 2 (1998): 206d—206. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.2.206d.
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Phytoremediation has been suggested as a solution to heavy metal—polluted soils, but the choices of suitable plant species for phytoremediation have been limited. Medicinal and aromatic plants appear to be excellent selections for these plantings, since these plants are grown for economically valuable secondary products (essential oils), not for food or feed. Preliminary research indicates that heavy metals are not accumulated in essential oils, permitting the oil to be used commercially. Productivity of some, but not all aromatic plants was reduced, however, by the heavy metals. The objective of our experiment was to distinguish the mechanism of heavy metal tolerance of plants using germinating seeds of medicinal and aromatic plant species. Seeds from medicinal and aromatic plants were germinated in solutions with selected levels of heavy metals (cadmium at 6 and 10 (μg·L-1; copper at 60 and 150 μg·L-1; lead at 100 and 500 μg·L-1; zinc at 400 and 800 μg·L-1) and in distilled water. Tests on Anethum graveolens L., Carum carvi L., Cuminum cyminum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Pimpinella anisum L., Ocimum basilicum L., and the hyperaccumulator species Brassica juncea L. and Alyssum bertolonii established that different plant species reacted in different ways to the heavy metals. For example, cadmium did not decrease seed germination of Alyssum, O. basilicum, and B. juncea compared with germination in water but did decrease germination of C. cyminum. Lead did not affect germination of A. bertolonii and B. juncea as compared with water but did negatively affect germination of P. anisum, F. vulgare, and C. cyminum. Except for B. juncea, F. vulgare, and C. cyminum, copper had a negative effect on germination. Zinc decreased germination in all tested species except B. juncea.
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Li, Shi, Sixiu Le, Xin Wang, Jiuyuan Bai, Rui Wang, and Yun Zhao. "Functional Analysis of Organic Acids on Different Oilseed Rape Species in Phytoremediation of Cadmium Pollution." Plants 9, no. 7 (2020): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070884.
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Cadmium (Cd) pollution in soil is becoming increasingly serious due to anthropogenic activities, which not only poses a threat to the ecological environment, but also causes serious damage to human health via the biological chain. Consequently, special concerns should be paid to develop and combine multiple remediation strategies. In this study, different subspecies of oilseed rape, Brassica campestris, Brassica napus and Brassica juncea were applied, combined with three organic acids, acetic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid, in a simulated Cd-contaminated soil. Various physiological and biochemical indexes were monitored in both plant seedling, growth period and mature stage. The results showed that organic acids significantly promoted the growth of Brassica campestris and Brassica juncea under Cd stress. The photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in Brassica campestris and Brassica juncea were induced at seedling stage, while that in Brassica napus were suppressed and disturbed. The enrichment of Cd in oilseed rape was also obviously increased. Brassica juncea contained relatively high resistance and Cd content in plant but little Cd in seed. Among the three acids, oxalic acids exhibited the most efficient promoting effect on the accumulation of Cd by oilseed rape. Here, a comprehensive study on the combined effects of oilseed rape and organic acids on Cd contaminated soil showed that Brassica juncea and oxalic acid possessed the best effect on phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil. Our study provides an optimal way of co-utilizing oilseed rape and organic acid in phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil.
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Sitanggang, Kamsia Dorliana, Siti Hartati Yusida Saragih, and MHD Arif Fadillah. "PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L) DENGAN PERENDAMAN KOLKISIN." JURNAL AGROPLASMA 8, no. 1 (2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v8i1.2095.
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Brassica juncea is one of vegetable consumed by many people. One of chemical have been successful to induce mutation is colchicine. The aim of this research was to determine effect of colchicine on Brassica growth. The result show that soaking brassica seeds using colchicine make a decrease in the average plant height, leaf widht and number of leaves compare to control cause abnormal cell division.Keyword: Brassica juncea, Colchicine, Growth response
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Stoutjesdijk, P. A., C. Hurlestone, S. P. Singh та A. G. Green. "High-oleic acid Australian Brassica napus and B. juncea varieties produced by co-suppression of endogenous Δ12-desaturases". Biochemical Society Transactions 28, № 6 (2000): 938–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0280938.
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Genetic engineering methods have been used successfully to modify the fatty acid profile of elite Australian germplasm of Brassica napus and B. juncea. Co-suppression plasmids carrying oleate desaturase genes from each species have been constructed and transferred into Australian elite breeding lines of B. napus and B. juncea using Agrobacterium tumifaciens plant-transformation techniques. Modifications to existing Brassica transformation protocols and the use of an intron-interrupted hygromycin-resistance gene as the selectable marker have resulted in improved transformation efficiencies. Silencing of the endogenous oleate desaturase genes has resulted in substantial increases in oleic acid levels, up to 89% in B. napus and 73% in B. juncea.
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Kaur, Parwinder, Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam, and Martin J. Barbetti. "Host Range and Phylogenetic Relationships of Albugo candida from Cruciferous Hosts in Western Australia, with Special Reference to Brassica juncea." Plant Disease 95, no. 6 (2011): 712–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-10-0765.
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White rust, caused by Albugo candida, is a serious pathogen of Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) worldwide and poses a potential hazard to the presently developing canola-quality B. juncea industry in Australia. Nine isolates of A. candida, representing strains collected from B. juncea, B. rapa, B. oleracea, B. tournefortii, Raphanus raphanistrum, R. sativa, Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa, Capsella bursa-pastoris and Sisymbrium irio, from different locations in Western Australia (W.A.), were tested on cruciferous host differentials to characterize their pathogenicity. In particular, these studies were aimed to determine the hazard to the newly emerging B. juncea industry in Australia from races or pathotypes of A. candida present. Pathogenicity tests with appropriate differentials demonstrated the presence in W.A. of a unique strain from B. rapa that did not show characteristics of either race 7A or 7V and clearly is a distinct new pathogenic strain within race 7. Different strains collected from W.A. differed in their host range, with the strains from B. tournefortii and S. irio being highly host specific, failing to be pathogenic on any other differentials. B. tournefortii was host to a strain attacking B. juncea and E. vesicaria subsp. sativa. The strain from R. raphanistrum showed a relatively wide host range among the differentials tested. B. tournefortii, C. bursa-pastoris, R. raphanistrum, and S. irio are common weeds within grain belt and horticultural regions in Australia. The B. oleracea isolate (race 9) was pathogenic to B. juncea ‘Vulcan’ whereas the isolate from B. juncea (race 2V) was not pathogenic on B. oleracea. Similarly, the strain from C. bursa pastoris (race 4) was pathogenic on B. juncea Vulcan but the B. juncea strain was not pathogenic on C. bursa pastoris. In contrast, the strain from R. sativus (race 1) was pathogenic on B. juncea and the B. juncea strain was also pathogenic on R. sativus. Field isolates from B. rapa, B. tournefortii, E. vesicaria subsp. sativa, and S. irio were all nonpathogenic on B. juncea. Isolates from B. juncea and R. raphanistrum were pathogenic on B. napus (FAN 189). For the nine A. candida isolates from W.A., complete rDNA internal transcribed spacer region nucleotide sequence analysis showed a nucleotide identity range of 72.4 to 100% in comparison with previous Australian collections of A. candida and those previously reported in Europe and Asia. The B. tournefortii isolate of A. candida from W.A. formed a distinct clade on its own, with an identity range of 77.4 to 80.5% compared with the other isolates. Isolates from R. raphanistrum and R. sativus from W.A. were least similar to the other isolates, with a nucleotide identity similarity of only 72.4%. Characterization of the races of A. candida in Western Australia adds to the current knowledge regarding the diversity of this pathogen, allows choice of Brassica spp. or cultivars with resistance to races across different regions, and highlights the particular cruciferous weeds involved in pathogen inoculum carryover between successive cruciferous crops, particularly B. juncea crops.
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Tantray, M. A., R. Khan, A. S. Shawl, and M. A. Khuroo. "Phenolic glycosides from Lespedeza juncea." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 44, no. 5 (2008): 591–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-008-9139-3.
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