Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'L.N'

Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Norman F. Schneidewind, Douglas E. Brinkley. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67). Also available online.

This master thesis deals with calculation of steel wire ropes for cranes. Concretely is acted about calculation of wire ropes overhead crane manufactured by KRÁLOVOPOLSKÁ a.s. designed for load capacities up to 25 000 kg, which is situated at hall of steelworks. Further, the calculation of wire ropes different overhead crane was made to compare the results. The solution includes calculation made using valid standards ČSN 27 0100, DIN 15020-1, FEM 1.001 and ČSN EN 13001-3-2. Finally, the procedures are evaluated and compared with each other.

Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1996.<br>Thesis advisor(s): D.P. Brutzman and R. Buddenberg. "September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-115). Also available online.

This paper describes a solution which enables mobile devices to transparently access the campus network and the Internet. Different user classes are provided, and security issues are taken into account. The requirements for user machines are low, and the software is nearly maintenance-free for the network administrator after installation and configuration<br>Diese Arbeit realisiert einen transparenten Zugang zum Campusnetz der TU Chemnitz und zum Internet für mobile Geräte. Dabei werden mehrere Nutzerklassen unterschieden und Sicherheitsaspekte berücksichtigt. Die Anforderungen an die Nutzerrechner sind gering, und der Aufwand für den Administrator beschränkt sich im wesentlichen auf die Installation und Konfiguration der Software

Rapporten behandlar ett examensarbete med fokus på att utvärdera den interna nätverksinfrastrukturen på företaget Office IT-Partner. Företaget levererar olika molntjänster till privatpersoner och små till medelstora företag. Office IT-Partner funderade på att uppgradera deras nätverksmiljö och har därför införskaffat ny utrustning. Enheterna granskades och analyserades för att avgöra om utrustningen gav ett positivt utfall om en implementation utfördes i det existerande nätverket. Efter en studie med fokus på aspekter som säkerhet, redundans samt robusthet konstaterades det att den nya utrustningen var sämre än den nuvarande. Utifrån studien utfördes en rekommendation att Office IT-Partner bör införskaffa nyare enheter för att tillfredsställa företagets behov.<br>This report deals with a thesis focusing on evaluating the internal network infrastructure of the company Office IT Partner. The company supplies various cloud services to individuals and small to medium-sized companies. They were considering upgrading their network environment and have therefore purchased new equipment. This equipment has been reviewed and analyzed to determine if it is worth carrying out an implementation on the existing network. Following a further study focusing on aspects such as security, redundancy and robustness, it was found that the new equipment was worse than the current one. Based on that, a recommendation was made to acquire other devices to satisfy the company's needs.

This diploma thesis deals with the proposal and the maintenance of Ethernet computer networks in the Department of Telecommunication property in Brno. There is a description of communication line types used in LAN computer networks in the first parts of the work. Their advantages and disadvantages are introduced too. Further there is an existing situation of the computer network on the third and the fourth floor of the Department of Telecommunication building documented. This documentation includes a design and a list of used components. The existing computer network has some minor inadequacies that were taken into consideration in the new proposal. There is a completely elaborate documentation of the new proposed network on the third and the fourth floor that contains a detailed placement and a single component configuration including their description. This documentation should significantly contribute to more effective network maintenance in the future. The computer network maintenance does not contain only servers, printers or workstations. It's also necessary to consider network parts that are not so perceptible for common users. That means single segments of computer networks with its active devices. A web based application for the effective computer network maintenance is proposed and described in this work too. The application allows administrator to keep a well-arrange view of the single network segments. All network related information is saved into a database that can help with a solution of later occurred problems.

<p>Den 5 februari 2009 kablade media ut den video som i en handvändning kom att påverka hela den svenska poliskåren. Under det rättsliga efterspelet efter höstens kravaller i Rosengård framkom en videosekvens i vilken två polismän uttrycker såväl kränkande som rasistiska kommentarer om aktivisterna. Detta avslöjande ledde till att media började ifrågasätta hur allmänhetens tilltro till polisen ser ut, och hur det har påverkats av händelserna i Rosengård.I denna rapport presenteras hur man inom polismyndigheterna i Stockholms län och Västra Götalands län valt att angripa problematiken kring allmänhetens förtroende för polisen.Den mest uppenbara skillnaden som vi kunnat konstatera är att man i Stockholms län satsar på en utbyggnad av så kallade lokala postkontor, medan man i Västra Götalands län valt att fokusera på den enskilde polismannens synbarhet och närvaro. Båda arbetssätten har dock samma målsättning, att synas och integreras i övriga samhället för att därigenom öka förtroendet bland medborgarna.</p>

Uppsatsen har skrivits på uppdrag av Lantmäteriet och har för avsikt att undersöka hur vanligt det är med ombud och biträden vid lantmäteriförrättningar samt anledningen till att sakägare väljer att använda ombud och biträden. En studie har genomförts genom en datainsamling från två olika län, Stockholm och Blekinge. Underlaget utgörs av både statliga och kommunala lantmäteriförrättningar som registrerats under 2010. Studien ligger även till grund för en enkätundersökning som genomförts med syfte att hitta anledningar till varför många sakägare väljer att anlita professionella ombud då detta innebär en kostnad som sakägaren enligt lagstiftning inte ska behöva svara för. Datainsamlingen som utfördes visade på att det i Stockholm län förekom externa ombud och biträden, dvs. ombud/biträden vilka inte redan var sakägare i förrättningen, i 4 % av de registrerade förrättningarna under 2010. I Blekinge förekom externa ombud och biträden i 2 % av de förrättningar som registrerades 2010. Den kommun där flest externa ombud och biträden procentuellt sett förekommit var Värmdö kommun. Den enkät som arbetats fram skickades ut till 162 personer totalt. Resultaten från enkätundersökningen visade att de vanligaste skälen att använda sig av ombud eller biträde i lantmäteriförrättning är på grund av att personen känner att denne har för lite kunskap inom själva sakfrågan samt på grund av tidsbrist. Studien visar också att en majoritet av de som svarat på enkäten har fastigheter med vattenområde. Resultaten visar även på att viss misstro mot lantmäterimyndigheten finns, både mot organisationen som helhet samt mot enskilda förrättningslantmätare. Bland de personer som anlitat professionell yrkesman är misstron mot lantmäterimyndigheten som störst.

Pour des raisons principalement écologiques, l’allègement des structures sandwiches et la valorisation de la biomasse lignocellulosique sont considérés comme des solutions possibles pour l’innovation durable. Dans ce contexte, les travaux de cette thèse se concentrent sur la fabrication et l’optimisation de structures sandwiches en peaux renforcées de fibres de lin avec des objectifs mécaniques, économiques et environnementaux. Une valorisation d’un sous-produit de la plante de lin que sont les anas de lin est effectuée avec le développement de panneaux agglomérés à base de ces particules. Ces panneaux serviront d’âme aux structures sandwiches. Pour arriver à l’étape d’optimisation, des caractérisations expérimentales des matériaux de matrice et d’âme sont tout d’abord effectuées. Par la suite, un travail sur le couplage entre les procédés d’élaboration et les propriétés recherchées des structures sandwiches est réalisé. L’ensemble des caractéristiques déterminées sont comparées à celles d’un matériau de référence non-biosourcé. Enfin, pour arriver à répondre à la problématique liée à l’optimisation de la conception de structures sandwiches en lin, à rigidité et à résistance à la rupture imposées, trois approches analytique, graphique et numérique sont développées. Cette procédure d’optimisation devra contrôler d’une manière systématique les caractéristiques recherchés des sandwichs en lin<br>For different reasons including ecological ones, the weight reduction of structures and valorization of lignocellulosic biomass are considered as possible solutions towards ustainable innovation. In this context, the work of this thesis focuses on the manufacturing and optimization of sandwich structures with skins reinforced with flax fibers with mechanical, economic and environmental goals. A flax plant by-product called flax shives is valued by the development of agglomerated panels. These panels will serve as a core for the sandwich structures. To reach the optimization stage, experimental characterizations of the matrix and core materials are carried out first. Subsequently, joint work between the production processes and the desired properties of sandwich structures is undertaken. All the characteristics determined are compared with those of a non-bio-sourced reference material. Finally, analytical, graphic and numerical approaches are developed in order to answer the main question related to the optimization of the design of flax based sandwich structures with imposed rigidity and resistance to rupture. This optimization procedure should systematically control the desired characteristics of flax sandwiches

Le propos de cette étude est d'établir que l'analyse du discours produit par des dyades LNN-LNN met en lumière le processus d'échafaudage mutuel qui se met en place par la négociation. Grâce à ce processus, les étudiants ont la possibilité de travailler dans la zone de développement proximal de leurs partenaires. Cette analyse permet également de dégager le processus d'apprentissage de la langue seconde, mais ce dernier aspect reste à prouver. Les théories sur la négociation et l'échafaudage mutuel semblent indiquer que les séquences de négociation provoquées par les échecs de communication qui surviennent dans les discours entre locuteurs non natifs, jouent un rôle très important dans l'acquisition d'une langue étrangère. La présente étude s'appuie sur les transcriptions de plusieurs heures d'enregistrement effectué auprès d'étudiants de l'Institut National d'Horticulture d'Angers travaillant en binômes. Les codes de transcription servant de support à l'analyse ont été élaborés par l'auteur et sont une adaptation de codes utilisés dans de précédentes recherches. Le discours est analysé à différents niveaux : discours (auto-réparations, réparations demandées, réparations non demandées, vérifications de confirmation, etc. ), origine du problème (phonologique, grammaticale, lexicale, etc. ),type de réparation (explication en L1 ou L2, transformation grammaticale, traduction, etc. ). Cette étude propose une analyse historique de l'évolution des théories sur l'acquisition des langues secondes et donne un descriptif détaillé de la théorie socio-culturelle de Vygotsky, cette dernière servant de fil conducteur à l'analyse des discours codés entre locuteurs non natifs présentés ici. L'analyse révèle le large usage qui est fait du processus dynamique de négociation et d'échafaudage mutuel mais ne peut apporter de preuves tangibles attestant que le discours au sein de dyades LNN-LNN conduit sur le long terme à une acquisition de la langue seconde<br>The central thesis of this study is that discourse analysis of dyadic NNS-NNS communication can reveal not only the process of mutual scaffolding through negotiation, in which students work within their partner's zone of proximal development, but that this analysis can also reveal, though not prove, the actual process of second-language learning. The theories of negotiation and mutual scaffolding propose that the negotiation sequences occurring in Non-Native Speaker (NNS)/ Non-Native Speaker discourse due to breakdowns in communication, play an important role in foreign language acquisition. This study is based on transcripts from several hours of recordings of student dyads from the National Institute of Horticulture, Angers. The analysis code has been developed by the author and is an adaptation of several codes used in previous research. The discourse is analysed in terms of : discourse (self-repairs, requests for repair, unrequested repairs, confirmation checks, etc. ), problem source (phonological, grammatical, lexical, etc. ), and repair type (explanation in L1 or L2, grammatical transformation, translation, etc. ). The study provides a historical analysis of the development of second-language acquisition theory, and describes in some detail the Vygotskian, or sociocultural-based theory which is chosen as the perspective from which to analyse the coded NNS-NNS discourse. The analysis demonstrates the plentiful use of the dynamic processes of negotiation and mutual scaffolding, but cannot from such an analysis provide any quantifiable proof that NNS-NNS dyadic discourse leads to long-term second language acquisition

<p>Attityder och beteende i ungdomsåren vad gäller sexualitet kan ha stor betydelse för hur den sexuella hälsan utvecklas. Ungdomsmottagningen är en betydelsefull arena för att förebygga sexuellt överförbara infektioner och oönskade graviditeter samt för att främja ungas sexuella hälsa i helhet. Undersökningen har utförts i samråd med och på uppdrag av Landstinget i Jönköpings län. Syftet med studien var att undersöka ungdomsmottagningarnas verksamhet i Jönköpings län och finna förslag till underlag för att kvalitetssäkra ungdomsmottagningarna i länet. Enkätundersökningen baserades på Socialstyrelsens förslag på indikatorer och Föreningen för Sveriges Ungdomsmottagningars (FSUM) rekommendationer för ungdomsmottagningars verksamhet. Resultatet visade på variationer gällande tillgänglighet och personalresurser. Relevanta arbetsområden berörs men det saknas strukturerade arbetsmetoder och underlag för uppföljning. För att få ytterligare kunskaper och djupare förståelse om enskilda mottagningars behov samt behov i respektive upptagningsområde, skulle en kvalitativ studie med intervjuer av mottagningarnas personal samt ungdomar från olika delar av länet vara önskvärt. Slutsatserna var att basala kvalitetskrav bör gälla för alla mottagningar. Krav avseende personal och öppettider på länets mottagningar bör dock anpassas efter lokala behov och förutsättningar. Mottagningarna är i behov av resurser för att kunna erbjuda länets ungdomar ett likvärdigt stöd för deras sexuella hälsa.</p><br><p>Sexual attitudes and behavior in youth can be of great importance for sexual health development. Youth centers are important settings for preventing sexual transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies and for promoting sexual health among youths in full. This study was performed in consultation with Landstinget Jönköping. The aim of the study was to examine the work of youth centers in Jönköpings County and find suggestions for quality guarantees for these centers. The survey was based on Socialstyrelsens indicators and Swedish Society for Youth Centers (FSUM) recommendations for youth centers work. The result showed a variation considering personnel resources and accessibility. The work areas are relevant but there is a lack of methods for preventive work and basic data for evaluation. To get further knowledge about separate youth centers needs, and needs in respective areas, a qualitative study is to prefer. The conclusions were that basic quality aspects should be applied for all youth centers. Demands concerning opening hours and personnel recourses should however be adjusted for local needs and conditions. The youth centers are in need of resources to offer the youth an equivalent support for their sexual health.</p>

<p>This work has been carried out at a company in the region which has about 30000 employeeswith about 400 sites all over the world. The company outsources their network including theLAN refresh and the WAN migration. They needed help with an upgrade of their LAN at theirScandinavian headquarters and to find a new solution for their WAN. The reason why the upgradeof the LAN was needed was that the equipment was too old and did not pass the securityrequirements. They also required a solution to segment their LAN, which consisted of a singlelarge VLAN with 1,300 employees. their WAN solution was made up of tunnels between all officesand the headquarter were used as the central point. They wanted to get away from beingdependent on a central point while redundancy was not always working as it should.The solution to the WAN problem was to use the ISPs backbone based on MPLS. There are two mainsolutions, layer 2 (Ethernet) VPN or layer 3 (IP) VPN. In the case of IP VPN, there are a couple of differentconnectivity options such as a static route, or use a routing protocol (eg OSPF or BGP). The final solutionwas IP VPN with OSPF as routing protocol to the ISP. With regard to the configuration of the OSPF solutionwas that every office became an own OSPF domain, configured with area 0. The report also includesthe implementation of the WAN migration with its problems.The upgrade of the LAN was a lot of planning, documentation and security. The solution for the segmentationwas to create a VLAN per floor. Because of the new software they can have the required securityfeatures.</p>

<p>Vi blev intresserade och ville ta reda på hur automatisk trafiksäkerhetskontroll (ATK) fungerar nationellt och regionalt i Jämtland. Även vilka brister och fördelar som finns samt vilka möjligheter systemet i framtiden kan erbjuda. Trots att Sverige ligger långt framme i trafiksäkerhetsarbetet avlider eller invalidiseras mellan 4-5% av varje årskull av den svenska befolkningen till följd av trafikolyckor. Årligen kostar överträdelser av hastigheten omkring 200 liv vilket gör dessa till vårt största trafiksäkerhetsproblem. Av Vägverkets mätningar av hastighet inom Region Mitt framgår att på landsbygdsvägnätet uppgår andelen trafik över hastighetsgränsen till drygt 50 %. År 2002 dog 8 personer och 335 skadades svårt i Jämtland län på grund av trafikolyckor. ATK har efter försök visat sig vara ett mycket effektivt verktyg för att sänka medelhastigheten och dödsolyckor på farliga vägavsnitt där andra åtgärder inte är planerade. Inom Jämtland bedrivs i dagsläget ATK-övervakning på två sträckor men fler är planerade. Trafikavdelningen lider av personalbrist vilket resulterar i att ATK inte får den tid som avdelningen skulle vilja lägga på den. Trots detta har de ökat kamerans aktiva tid per mättillfälle men ligger fortfarande under snittet för riket. De tre övergripande problemområdena som vi har identifierat efter att vi sammanställt resultaten och diskuterat dessa är medvetenheten hos allmänheten, resursbrist och samverkan med andra myndigheter och organisationer.</p>

The work that is the basis of this Master Thesis was performed on Scania´s group of cab development, and concerns the GPS-system in Scania´s trucks. Today, the GPS-system consists of an active antenna mounted on the roof of the truck. The antenna is connected to the receiver with a coaxial cable. The purpose with this Master Thesis was to develop and evaluate a new GPS-system, where the information is distributed using a LIN-network. Today, each unit requiring GPS-information is equipped with its own antenna and receiver. This solution has been the most cost effective to this point. Due to the fact that the number of units requiring GPS-information increases, this solution will soon be too expensive. Multiple GPSantennas and receivers do not only result in higher costs, it also decreases the possibilities of further development of the cabin. Since more antennas requires additional mounting positions, the manufacturing costs increases as well. Due to internal losses, the use of coaxial cables put high demands on antennas and receivers, which also increases system costs. The concept developed in this thesis only requires one GPS-antenna and receiver. By connecting the GPS-module to a microcontroller that in turn is connected to a network, the information is available for all connected sub systems in the vehicle. Two prototypes have been developed. The first prototype is module based. This means that the GPS-antenna and receiver easily can be replaced and therefore different solutions can be evaluated. The second prototype, which is significantly smaller in size than the first one, demonstrates a more complete product. Further, different antenna configurations have been evaluated. Tests indicate that sufficient result is obtained when using more cost effective antennas, compared to the solution used today.<br>Detta examensarbete är utfört vid Scanias avdelning för hyttutveckling och berör lastbilens GPS-system. Dagens system består av en aktiv antenn monterad på taket. Antennen är via en koaxialkabel ansluten till en mottagare placerad i hytten. Syftet med examensarbetet är att ta fram och utvärdera ett nytt GPS-koncept där information distribueras via ett LIN-nätverk. De enheter som använder GPS-information är idag utrustade med egna antenner och mottagare. Denna lösning har fram till nu varit den mest kostnadseffektiva. I takt med att antalet GPS-beroende enheter ökar, kommer denna lösning snart att generera alltför höga kostnader. Ett utökat antal antenner och mottagare medför inte bara högre materielkostnader, även kostnaden för montering och layout kommer att öka. På grund av dämpning i koaxialkabeln ställs höga krav på antennens förmåga att förstärka signalen, samt mottagarens förmåga att avläsa signalen. Det nya koncept som tagits fram i detta examensarbete använder endast en GPS-antenn och mottagare. Genom att ansluta mottagaren till en mikrokontroller som i sin tur är ansluten till ett nätverk, kan informationen användas av samtliga anslutna delsystem. Två prototyper har utvecklats. Den ena är modulbaserad vilket innebär att GPS-antenn och mottagare lätt kan bytas ut och olika kan därmed utvärderas. Prototyp två demonstrerar en mer färdig produkt och är betydligt mindre till storlek. Vidare har olika antennkonfigurationer utvärderats. Vid tester av dessa uppmättes goda resultat med mer kostnadseffektiva antenner, än antennen som används i dagens lösning.

Allt mer inom IT blir virtuellt och VirtualBox är ett program som simulerar virtuellamaskiner och som man kan bygga LAN i. VirtualBox används som testplattform för hårdochmjukvara. Arbetet visar hur man kan använda VirtualBox för att simulera en fysiskLAN uppbyggnad, dels för att företag ska kunna arbete i VirtualBox virtuellt, dels för attkunna testa LAN innan de byggs upp fysiskt. Detta sätts upp med två arbetsstationer medWindows-OS respektive Ubuntu-OS, en Windows 2008 server, en pfSense router.Installerar och konfigurerar nätverksinställningar emellan dem samt utför tester.VirtualBox visades sig vara en bra testplattform med många utvecklingsområden förföretag.

The National Computer Security Center's (NCSC) Computer Security Requirements -- Guidance for Applying the DoD TCSEC in Specific Environments (CSC-STD-003-85) describes an environmental evaluation process which can be utilized to determine the level of trust required in a given Local Area Network (LAN) system for processing sensitive information. This thesis investigates the environmental evaluation process and applies it to the LAN environment of a hypothetical naval aviation squadron.

Thesis: S.M. in Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 80-81).<br>In this thesis, I explore the life of Professor Lin Tongqi, a well-known scholar of American Chinese studies, by using an oral history methodology. This oral history is named "Suffering and Thinking," and my goal is to illustrate how a thoughtful soul developed. His life is a trajectory in which Western and Eastern cultures are integrated, a life that is full of confusions and reliefs, challenges and responses, twists and turns, and unexpected insights and transcendences. This oral history also illustrates in a microcosm the fate of intellectuals who lived during the approximately 100-hundred-year tumult and transformation that resulted in modern-day China. Looking back is one way to consider the future. A conversation with Lin Tongqi on Ancient Chinese thoughts follows, which touches on several factors: the dynamics of understanding the Chinese culture, comparative methods of culture study, the relationships between eternal issues and contemporary issues, as well as a brief discussion on the issues facing contemporary China, and the future of Chinese society.<br>by Xin Chen.<br>S.M. in Management

Wireless local area networks (WLAN) are beginning to play a much larger role in corporate network environments and are already very popular for home networking applications. This increase in accessibility has created large security holes for hackers and thieves to abuse, which is finally being addressed by stronger security methods such as advanced encryption algorithms and efficient authentication processes. However, these security methods often hamper network performance unbeknownst to engineers and users. This research examines the effects of Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), and Counter Mode/CBC-MAC Protocol (CCMP) encryption algorithms on throughput rates for IEEE 802.11 networks as well as the authentication times for Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol (LEAP) and Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP). The research shows that todayâ s wireless hardware is capable of reducing overhead of even the most advanced encryption schemes to less than five percent of the total bandwidth.<br>Master of Science

Includes bibliography.<br>The subject of this thesis concerns the development of a Local Area Network (LAN) for the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Cape Town. Motivation for this project was as a result of the ever increasing demands placed on the department's micro-computer training facilities by larger student intakes. The original training system consisted of a PDP 11/23 mini-computer connected via 9600 baud asynchronous links to 11 U.C.T. built micro-computers. This network topology was limiting in three ways: 1. It was slow because of the 9600 baud links and because the PDP was doing a large proportion of the processing.2. High-leve 1 software development tools for the PDP were too expensive and would over-load the computer. Because the micro-computers have no operating system but only an "in-house" monitor program which is not able to support any high-level language utility, all high-level software tools would have to be individually developed for this particular environment. 3. Switching was impractical. Because the PDP was the hub of the network all communication between computers had. to pass through it. This switching would lead to a greater processing load on the PDP, thus further degrading its performance. A two pronged attack was used to overcome these weaknesses: firstly, by designing a high-speed (1 Mbps) LAN to provide communications between a PDP 11/23 and up to 30 U.C.T. built micro-computers, faster inter-computer communication as well as switching and resource sharing was facilitated. Secondly, by customizing an operating system for the micro-computers, standard high-level software development tools could be used on these computers, consequently reducing the PDP's processing load.

In the nineteenth century, Russia went through a lot of changes, striving to overcome its cultural backwardness compared to Western Europe, and gradually assimilating Western European civilization. However, most Russia's population did not trust this civilisation as well as the urban life style, to which it was forced to adapt. Tolstoy and Chekhov are among those representatives of the Russian intelligentsia who considerably contributed to analytically distilling the theoretical problems of their time, such as those to which the following questions were linked:

Dispute resolution mechanisms in South Africa remain an important part of labour relations. These mechanisms provide structures whereby disputes are resolved in both the formal and informal sectors of the economy. Despite the importance of these mechanisms, the structures have to an extent failed to provide sufficient policies needed to make these mechanisms effective. Delays and high cost, for instance,still plaques labour dispute resolution in South Africa. The Labour Relations Act has limited access to dispute resolution mechanisms only to those workers in the formal sector although section 23 of the Constitution provides labour rights for everyone involved in employment relationship. In this paper, we seek to explore dispute resolution mechanisms in South Africa, with emphasis on their effectiveness in resolving dispute arising from employment relationships. This will be achieved by first looking at the historical development of dispute resolution mechanisms in the country. We shall , thereafter, proceed to analyze the current dispute resolution mechanisms in South Africa with emphasis on their existing structures, mechanisms and their effectiveness. The compliance of dispute resolution mechanisms with International Minimum Standards will further assess the effectiveness of these mechanisms in the country. However, we shall also acknowledge the fact that due to the nature of this paper, want of time and financial constraints; the depth of this paper is by no way exhaustive especially as aforementioned limitation makes it difficult for any form of empirical research. The use of extensive and available literature to strengthen our arguments will, however, guide in achieving the aims and objectives of the study.<br>Thesis (LLM) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2012

碩士<br>東吳大學<br>音樂學系<br>97<br>J. Turina, born in Andalucia of South Spain, is one of the famous Spain composers in early 20th century. With more than fifty piano works, mainly Spanish pieces and dance music works, he was accustomed to express his work in suite. Directed by fellow countryman Albeniz and Falla in his oversea study in Paris, Turina’s attention toward national folk music was enlightened. The piano work, Trois Danses Andaluses op. 8, containing three different folk dance rhythms, was finished in 1912 when the folk music was onset. Therefore, this work had special meaning of pioneering within, and the purpose of this study is to discuss the interpretations and performance of this special work. The research fields of this thesis include: 1. The career of J. Turina and his piano work style. 2. The composition analysis of three dance music (Petenera, Tango, and Zapateado) and their distinguishing features in rhymes, musical forms, and keys. 3. The discussion of the performing technique and interpretation about this work. By this research, the author is looking forward to correctly control the property of this work more efficiently and accurately when performing. According to the musical form of this work, J. Turina focused on the dance rhythms rather than any complicated changes. In harmonies and melodies, he integrated three kinds of harmonic styles, including post-Franckian atmosphere, Debussy, and Andalucia. He also showed characteristics in this work, such as the frequent use of the dominant chords with the augmented dominant, the chords with the added sixth, the augmented sixth chord, the appearance of parallel fifths in the progress of harmony, the whole-tone coloring and the Phrygian mode. However, composed mainly of Phrygian cadence, this work filled with features from Andalucia of South Spain and also expressed the spirit of a nationalism composer. The author expects that this study may bring about deeper understanding of J. Turina and Spanish music to readers and more support to performers. Program: D. Scarlatti: Sonata in GM, K. 169 Sonata in CM, K. 132 L. v. Beethoven: Piano Sonata in E-flat Major, op. 31 Nr. 3 F. Chopin: Fantasy in f minor, op. 49 J. Turina: Trois Danses Andaluses, op.8

碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>文化資產維護系碩士班<br>101<br>This work describes the conservation of a painted wooden panel from the Lun-bai Lin family house, which was rebuilt on the Yuntech campus by the Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation. The rescue and rebuilding of the house focused only on the wood structure of the building. Before the house was donated to Yuntech its owner performed the“Tui-Shen’’ ceremony on the panel. The religious painting on the panel was covered with red spray-paint as an important part of the “Tui-Shen’’ ritual. The painted panel is formed from three, thin wood boards joined by “tongue and groove”, and to make the panel stronger and protect it in future a corrugated plastic backing was added and frame constructed. On the painted surface the condition was one of uneven red spray-paint on the surface, and this overlay dust, excrement, insects, etc. Below the spray-paint the painted surface was cracked, powdering and there were lose and lost faint flakes. The author used animal glue as a adhesive material to consolidate the loose flakes and gesso to do fill areas of lost paint. After several tests the red spray-paint, was removed using a solvent gel containing acetone, water and Klucel G. The solvent gel was covered with Japanese mulberry paper or mylar film. The residual paint was removed by swabbing with acetone.

碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>客家社會文化研究所<br>96<br>The Chao-An Hakka people have lived among the Hokkian people for a long time in history. Therefore, their cultural characteristics are hard to be noticed. The target group to study in this thesis is the Chao-An Hakka people who live in the Lun-Bei and Er-Lun areas in Yun-Lin County, Taiwan. They not only could speak their own Chao-An Hakka language but they could also speak Hokkian language for the past several hundred years in Taiwan. Moreover, they have kept their very own religion and ways of ancestor worship. The purpose of this paper is to discover their distinctive cultural characteristics through the concept of the cultural circle and through the understanding of their village development, sociolinguistics, religious practices, and ancestor worship. I believe the culture of Chao-An Hakka people in Yun-Lin can be successfully preserved mainly because they live close together. I hope the concept of the cultural circle used in this paper will be useful to other people for further research. Taiwan’s many local cultures keep changing. I suggest we should pay close attention to the future development of the Chao-An Hakka’s culture in Yun-Lin.

碩士<br>國立臺北教育大學<br>台灣文化研究所<br>100<br>As a significant leisure activity in modern society, travel is also a journey of self-improvement and self-challenge for women, and even a process for women to conduct a dialogue with the patriarchal culture. Through experiences of travel and writing in the third world given by three selected representatives of Taiwan women writers, this study aims to categorize the images from the third world, the female images shown from the texts in their writings, and common characteristics used in travel writing by those female writers based on the perspective of women and the status of speaking for women. 　　With diverse backgrounds and different travel motivations, female writers constantly highlight the relationship between their hometowns and exotic lands in the writing texts, including conflicts and contradictions between the East and West, effects of multiple impacts of the degree of economy development on women, and the gaps formed between the Taiwan mainstream and those cultures with different intensities of female consciousness. As a result, chapter 2 and chapter 3 of this study focus on the entire images and female images in the third world proposed in their travel writings. In the writing texts, three female writers not only display a variety of images shown from three foreign countries, but also treat those women meeting during travel as reflections and examinations of life with more respectful and humble attitudes by self-examining themselves. Although women in the third world always keep silence, and are tied down to the physical or external environments, there are always some power being the presence of women’s hiding and obscurity being trapped underneath the external commotion constantly with their persistent gestures and different looks. 　　During the process of travel writing given by those three writers, their dialogues between travel and inner selves have been recorded, including the explorations of self minds and the contrast with Taiwan and visiting places. Thus, chapter 4 of this study focuses on talking about the views of “Heterogeneity/Others” adopted by those three female writers to examine the self cultures and inner minds in order to dig out the self blind spots, and further pursue changes of the inner world following with the development of Taiwan. Perhaps for the third word, travelers may merely short-stay strangers. However, through the insights and observations given by travelers, people not only can comprehend the images from the third world through their creations, but also can hear the voices from vulnerable women in the third world to ultimately activate and extend more understandings and imaginations to their third-world lives.

碩士<br>國立臺東大學<br>進修部兒文所碩士班(夜間)<br>100<br>Grace Lin, a talented writer and illustrator, is the author of the book Where the Mountain Meets the Moon which won the 2010 Newbury Silver Medal Award in the children`s literature category. A Taiwanese American, Lin combines her dual culture background to write stories based on Chinese folk literature she read as a child. In her book, Lin`s illustrations, created with an oriental flavor, bring the stories and the characters to life. Lin takes both the readers and the characters in her stories for adventurous rides in her imaginary world. The book uses a multi-perspective narrative styles to show the relationships among the characters in their adventures. This thesis traces the intertextuality between Lin`s stories and their Chinese folk story to explore how the folk stories influenced her writing. Since, Where the Mountain Meets the Moon is a work of fantasy, this thesis also studies and tries to identify the fantasized elements Lin uses to create her attractive stories. The study of Chinese American writers and their literature can be, easily on the writers

L'industrie en général cherche évidemment à réduire la dépendance aux combustibles et aux produits à base de pétrole. Dans le domaine des matériaux, l'accent est mis sur le développement des composites à fibres naturelles, comme une alternative réaliste aux plastiques renforcés par des fibres de verre. Les fibres naturelles peuvent apporter des propriétés mécaniques comparables à celles que donneraient les fibres de verre, avec cependant des densités plus faibles et un caractère biodégradable. Plusieurs techniques de fabrication sont disponibles pour mettre en oeuvre les composites avec une grande variété de renforts et de résines, et le moulage par transfert de résine (RTM) est l’un des procédés le plus utilisé. Un renfort à fibres naturelles est considéré comme un milieu poreux, et dans le cas du procédé RTM sa perméabilité définit le temps et l'étendue de l'infiltration et, par conséquent, le coût et la qualité de la pièce finale. Un autre paramètre très important dans la fabrication des composites est la fraction volumique des fibres. Ce paramètre a une influence non seulement sur la perméabilité mais aussi et surtout sur les propriétés mécaniques du composite fabriqué. Néanmoins, la nature et l’architecture du renfort ont un impact significatif sur ses propriétés mécaniques. Dans le présent travail, la perméabilité planaire d’un renfort unidirectionnel (UD) de type UD-lin/papier a été étudiée. La perméabilité de la couche papier a fait l’objet d’une optimisation par la modification de la structure du réseau fibreux, afin d’augmenter la perméabilité globale du renfort. Les résultats obtenus ont démontré que l’ajout des fibres courtes de lin dans le papier affecte positivement sa perméabilité de la même manière qu'il affecte la perméabilité globale du renfort. Une alternative à la couche de papier a été proposée et consiste à la remplacer par un mat à fibres courtes de lin obtenu par la même technique de laboratoire de fabrication du papier. En premier lieu, le mat a été considéré comme un renfort individuel. Cette partie du travail a mené à l’étude des paramètres de fabrication et des caractéristiques du mat (densité surfacique, longueur de fibre) et leurs effets sur la microstructure du renfort et sa perméabilité. L'analyse expérimentale de la porosité des mats à fibres courtes de lin a démontré une relation fonctionnelle entre la densité surfacique, la longueur de fibre et la distribution de la taille des pores. Les mesures de perméabilité effectuées ont permis de conclure que sa variation suit une loi exponentielle en fonction de Vf. En outre, une augmentation de la densité surfacique augmente le nombre de fibres par unité de surface et réduit l'espace libre entre les fibres, ce qui donne un réseau fibreux plus dense avec un faible taux de porosité et qui diminue par conséquent la perméabilité du mat. L’étude a été renforcée par la caractérisation des écoulements capillaires dans le renfort pour identifier les effets de ces paramètres caractéristiques sur son comportement en imprégnation. Les résultats obtenus ont démontré qu’une augmentation de la densité surfacique du renfort influence significativement la vitesse d’écoulement du fluide et par conséquent augmente sa saturation, ce qui réduit le taux de vide formé. Par la suite, les mats fabriqués ont été utilisés pour fabriquer des composites à différentes fractions volumiques de fibres. Ceux-ci ont été caractérisés et les propriétés mécaniques en traction et en flexion ont été déterminées et modélisées, accompagnée d’une analyse de l’endommagement par émission acoustique qui a permis d’identifier l’évolution des différents modes d’endommagement en fonction de la fraction volumique de fibres. Les résultats obtenus ont démontré que les propriétés mécaniques optimales sont obtenues à un Vf = 40%. L’utilisation de l’émission acoustique a révélé que la baisse des propriétés à Vf = 50% est attribuable à une mauvaise adhérence fibre-matrice, elle-même traduite par une dominance du mode d’endommagement «friction fibre-matrice et déchaussement », pour les deux types d’essais (traction et flexion). Dans la dernière partie du travail et afin de déterminer l’efficacité d'un mat pour remplacer la couche de papier comme agent liant, le comportement en imprégnation du renfort global (UD/Mat) a été étudié en mesurant sa perméabilité planaire à différentes fractions volumiques de fibres. Des composites ont été fabriqués avec ce nouveau renfort et ont fait l’objet d’une étude expérimentale du comportement mécanique et de l’endommagement en traction et en flexion. Les résultats obtenus ont démontré que la perméabilité de ce renfort est supérieure à celle obtenue avec la couche papier mais elle diminue lorsque la densité surfacique du mat utilisé augmente. D'autre part, l'addition des fibres courtes de lin a un effet significatif sur la réduction de la variabilité des propriétés mécaniques mesurées et sur l’augmentation des propriétés mécaniques dans le sens transversal. La présence des fibres courtes a aussi démontré un effet positif sur l’endommagement du matériau en limitant la propagation des fissures dans le sens longitudinal et en améliorant les facettes de rupture. Today, the industry aims to reduce its dependency on fuels and petroleum products. The emphasis is placed on the development of natural fiber composites as a realistic alternative to plastic reinforced with glass fibers. Natural fibers are biodegradable and can provide comparable mechanical properties to those given by glass fibers, with lower densities. Several manufacturing techniques are available to produce a wide variety of reinforcements and resins. RTM (resin transfer molding) is one of the most common one. In this process, the natural fiber reinforcement is considered as a porous medium, where the permeability defines the infiltration time and extent and, consequently, the cost and the quality of the final part. An important parameter in the manufacture of composites is the fiber volume fraction. This parameter affects not only the permeability of the reinforcement, but also the mechanical properties of the resulting composite. The type and the architecture of the reinforcement also have a significant impact on its mechanical properties. In this study, the permeability of a UD flax/paper reinforcement was investigated. The permeability of the paper layer has been optimized by modifying the fibrous network structure in order to optimize the global permeability of the reinforcement. The obtained results demonstrated that the addition of the short flax fibers in the paper layer affects positively its permeability in the same way that it affects the global permeability of the reinforcement. A short flax fiber mat has been proposed as an alternative to replace the paper layer. First, the mat was considered as an individual reinforcement. This part of the work led to the study of the effect of manufacturing and material parameters (surface density, fiber length) on the characteristic parameters of its microstructure and its permeability. The experimental analysis of the porosity demonstrated a functional relation between the surface density, the fiber length and the pores size distribution. The measured permeability is observed to follow an exponential trend, according to Vf. Moreover, an increase of the surface density increases the number of fibers by unit area and reduces the free space between fibers, which gives a denser fibrous network with a low rate of porosity and decreases consequently the permeability of the mat. The study was enhanced by a characterization of the capillary flows in the reinforcement in order to identify the effects of these parameters on its impregnation behavior. The obtained results demonstrated that an increase of the surface density of the reinforcement influences significantly the fluid flow velocity and consequently increases its saturation, which reduces the void content in the sample. Thereafter, the manufactured mats were used to fabricate composite plates with various fiber volume fractions. These composites were characterized and the mechanical properties in tensile and flexural loading were determined and modelled. The characterization of the mechanical behavior in tensile and flexural loading was accompanied with an analysis of the damage behavior monitored by acoustic emission, which allowed to identify the evolution of the different damage modes during loading as well as according to the fiber volume fraction. The obtained results demonstrated that the optimal mechanical properties are obtained at Vf = 40%. The use of acoustic emission revealed that the reduction of the mechanical properties at Vf = 50% is attributable to a limited adhesion between the fibers and the matrix, which translates to a dominance of the fiber-matrix friction and fiber pull out damage mode. To determine the efficiency of the mat layer as a replacement of the paper layer, the impregnation behavior of the global reinforcement (UD/Mat) was studied by measuring its permeability in various fiber volume fractions. New composites were fabricated with this new reinforcement and the mechanical and damage behaviors were studied. The obtained results demonstrated that the permeability of this reinforcement is superior to that obtained with the paper layer, but always decreases with increasing the surface density of the used mat. On the other hand, the addition of the short flax fibers was observed to have a significant effect on the reduction of the variability of the measured mechanical properties and on the increase of the mechanical properties in the transverse direction of the composite. The presence of short fibers has finally demonstrated a positive effect on the damage of the material by limiting the propagation of cracks in the longitudinal direction, parallel to the unidirectional fiber, and by improving the fractured surface.

碩士<br>東吳大學<br>中國文學系<br>103<br>Lin Tai-yi is the second daughter of Lin Yu-tang. literary enlightenment in Lin Yu-tang, is the only person to inherit the mantle of Lin Yutan’s literature. Lin Yu-tang brought a lot of books when he was from China to the United States with his family, in such environment, Lin Tai-yi was imperceptibly influenced by constantly sees and hears, and she got many teachings and inspiration from Lin Yu-tang, literature gradually toward the same way. Lin Tai-yi served "Reader's Digest" Chinese version of editorial work for a longtime, Outside of work, she Committed to Chinese classics into English, the compilation of essays, writing dictionaries and fiction, not only inherited his father's mantle, also carried out their own literary achievements. In this paper, Lin Tai-yi’s "Lin Yu-tang Biography" for the Research and Analysis objects. Based on the relationship of father-daughter, observation on common life and deep feelings between Lin Tai-yi and Lin Yu-tang, what look special on the biography by showing? Intends to start from Lin Tai-yi’s background as a research , and Analysis "Lin Yu-tang Biography" of "Biographical forms" and "Biographical Content", then analyzes its position and value.