Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ladle metallurgy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Ladle metallurgy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ladle metallurgy"

1

Duruiheme, Ogochukwu Queeneth, Xipeng Guo, Nicholas Walla, and Chenn Zhou. "Dissolution of Microalloying Elements in a Ladle Metallurgy Furnace." Metals 13, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13020421.

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Industrial fusion of microalloying elements in steelmaking is imperative in defining and optimizing certain steel properties due to their strengthening and significant grain refinements effects at minute quantities. Copper, vanadium, and columbium are explored in this investigation to monitor their respective dissolution processes in a ladle metallurgy furnace (LMF), with concise parametric studies on effects of number of plugs and variations in argon gas flow rates for stirring. To track particle disintegration in the molten bath inside, intricate numerical processing was carried out with the use of mathematical models and to simulate the mixing process; turbulent multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were combined with a user-defined function. The numerical findings highlight the connection between mixing time and gas blowing since the quantity of stirring plugs employed and the gas flow rates directly affect mixing effectiveness. The amount of particles to be injected and their total injection time were validated using industrial measurement; an average difference of 9.9% was achieved. In order to establish the need for an exceptionally high flow rate and inevitably reduce resource waste, extreme charging of flow rates for gas stirring were compared to lesser gas flow rates in both dual- and single-plug ladles. The results show that a single-plug ladle with a flow rate of 0.85 m3/min and a dual-plug ladle with a total flow rate of 1.13 m3/min have the same mixing time of 5.6 min, which was the shortest among all scenarios.
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Burty, M., C. Pussé, C. Bertoletti, P. Wetta, and E. Cariola. "Kettlor: efficient stirring in ladle metallurgy." Revue de Métallurgie 103, no. 11 (November 2006): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal:2006128.

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Zhang, Han, Hong Lei, Changyou Ding, Shifu Chen, Yuanyou Xiao, and Qiang Li. "Two-Way PBM–Euler Model for Gas and Liquid Flow in the Ladle." Materials 16, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 3782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16103782.

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Ladle metallurgy is an important steelmaking technology in high-quality steel production. The blowing of argon at the ladle bottom has been applied in ladle metallurgy for several decades. Until now, the issue of breakage and coalescence among bubbles was still far from being solved. In order to have a deep insight into the complex process of fluid flow in the gas-stirred ladle, the Euler–Euler model and population balance model (PBM) are coupled to investigate the complex fluid flow in the gas-stirred ladle. Here, the Euler–Euler model is applied to predict the two-phase flow, and PBM is applied to predict the bubble and size distribution. The coalescence model, which considers turbulent eddy and bubble wake entrainment, is taken into account to determine the evolution of the bubble size. The numerical results show that if the mathematical model ignores the breakage of bubbles, the mathematical model gives the wrong bubble distribution. For bubble coalescence in the ladle, turbulent eddy coalescence is the main mode, and wake entrainment coalescence is the minor mode. Additionally, the number of the bubble-size group is a key parameter for describing the bubble behavior. The size group number 10 is recommended to predict the bubble-size distribution.
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Ervina Efzan, Mhd Noor, and Hao Jie Kong. "The Properties and Microstructure of Na2CO3 and Al-10Sr Alloy Hybrid Modified LM6 Using Ladle Metallurgy Method." Materials 16, no. 20 (October 20, 2023): 6780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16206780.

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In this work, Al-10Sr alloy and Na2CO3 were added to LM6 (reference alloy) as hybrid modifiers through ladle metallurgy. The microstructure enhancement was analyzed using an optical microscope (OM). The results were further confirmed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The results showed that Na2CO3 and Al-10Sr alloy successfully hybrid modified the sharp needle-like eutectic Si into fibrous eutectic Si. Soft primary Al dendrites were also discovered after the hybrid modification. The formation of β-Fe flakes was suppressed, and α-Fe sludge was transformed into Chinese script morphology. A 2.13% density reduction was recorded. A hardness test was also performed to investigate the mechanical improvement of the hybrid-modified LM6. 2.3% of hardness reduction was recorded in the hybrid-modified LM6 through ladle metallurgy. Brittle cracks were not observed, while ductile pile-ups were the main features that appeared on the indentations of hybrid-modified LM6, indicating a brittle to ductile transformation after hybrid modification of LM6 by Na2CO3 and Al-10Sr alloy through ladle metallurgy.
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Huang, Bang Fu, Xiao Lei Zhou, Gui Fang Zhang, and Zhe Shi. "Calculation Model of Torpedo Ladle Number." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.267.

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In order to predict scientific and reasonable torpedo ladle number and optimize torpedo ladle scheduling, this article analyzed operation process and turnover cycle of torpedo ladle in K steel plant as the research object. The relationship between blast furnace supply and continuous caster demand is analyzed. Based on relationship between supply and demand, the calculation model of torpedo ladle number is put forward under the conditions of blast furnace supply greater than, less than, and equal to the continuous caster demand. The control model can calculate the number of normal ladle and saving ladle and casting ladle. Satisfactory effects are obtained after applying the calculation model in production. The torpedo ladle number of different relationships between supply and demand can decrease. The research results supplies new methods for optimization and control of ironmaking and steelmaking interface system. The research methods enrich the theory of integration and optimization of metallurgy process system.
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6

Subagyo, G. A. Brooks, and G. A. Irons. "Spout Eyes Area Correlation in Ladle Metallurgy." ISIJ International 43, no. 2 (2003): 262–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.43.262.

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7

Mietz, Jürgen, Stefan Schneider, and Franz Oeters. "Emulsification and mass transfer in ladle metallurgy." Steel Research 62, no. 1 (January 1991): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.199101720.

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M. A., Mikheenkov, Sheshukov O. Yu., and Lobanov D. A. "Reduction Of Environmental Pressure By Giving Cementing Material Properties To The Ferrous Slags." KnE Materials Science 2, no. 2 (September 3, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kms.v2i2.948.

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There are two main kinds of slag in modern steelmaking industry: the electric arc furnace slag (the EAF slag) which is produced in the manufacture of crude steel by the electric arc furnace process and the ladle furnace basic slag (the LF slag) which is produced at the final stages of steelmaking, when the steel is desulfurized in the transport ladle, during what is generally known as the secondary metallurgy process.
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Jojo-Cunningham, Yasmeen, Xipeng Guo, Chenn Zhou, and Yun Liu. "Volumetric Flow Field inside a Gas Stirred Cylindrical Water Tank." Fluids 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2023): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids9010011.

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Ladle metallurgy serves as a crucial component of the steelmaking industry, where it plays a pivotal role in manipulating the molten steel to exercise precise control over its composition and properties. Turbulence in ladle metallurgy influences various important aspects of the steelmaking process, including mixing and distribution of additives, alongside the transport and removal of inclusions within the ladle. Consequently, gaining a clear understanding of the stirred flow field holds the potential of optimizing ladle design, improving control strategies, and enhancing the overall efficiency and steel quality. In this project, an advanced Particle-Tracking-Velocimetry system known as “Shake-the-Box” is implemented on a cylindrical water ladle model while compressed air injections through two circular plugs positioned at the bottom of the model are employed to actively stir the flow. To mitigate the particle images distortion caused by the cylindrical plexi-glass walls, the method of refractive matching is utilized with an outer polygon tank filled with a sodium iodide solution. The volumetric flow measurement is achieved on a 6 × 6 × 2 cm domain between the two plugs inside the cylindrical container while the flow rate of gas injection is set from 0.1 to 0.4 L per minute. The volumetric flow field result suggests double gas injection at low flow rate (0.1 L per minute) produce the least disturbed flow while highly disturbed and turbulent flow can be created at higher flow rate of gas injection.
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Liu, Shi Wei, Jing Kun Yu, and Fei Xiong Mao. "Thermal Behavior Modeling of Interior Refractory Lining of Torpedo-Ladle by Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 282-283 (July 2011): 444–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.282-283.444.

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Torpedo-ladle was widely used in hot metal transportation. As its insulation properties had deep influence on the quality of iron and steel during the metallurgy process, the method to improve the insulation properties of torpedo-ladle was concerned widely. The results of this paper showed that either using lower thermal conductivity or increasing the thickness of insulation lining could effectively improve torpedo thermal insulation properties by solving the 3-D model with ANSYS.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ladle metallurgy"

1

Mazumdar, Dipak 1932. "Fluid flow, particle motion and mixing in ladle metallurgy operations." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72064.

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Extensive computer predictions have been carried out by the author to study flow, addition dispersion and particle motion during central gas injection into cylindrical vessels. In conjunction with numerical computations, experiments were conducted in a 0.30 scale water model of a 150 ton steel processing ladle, using a Froude number scaling criterion. Two typical gas injection configurations (i.e., conventional central injection and C.A.S. alloy addition procedure) were investigated.
Flow visualization studies were carried out using a suspended network of silken threads, mean velocity vectors and overall flow patterns were determined by video recording techniques, while mean velocity vectors and associated turbulence level were also measured with laser doppler velocimetry. These measurements show very reasonable agreement with equivalent numerical predictions.
To simulate the subsurface motion of additions, spherical wooden balls of various densities were dropped from typical heights, and their subsurface trajectories, immersion times, etc., recorded by means of a video recorder. Frame by frame analysis of the video tapes showed trends which are in good accord with computed trajectories.
Mixing times of simulated molten additions were measured by the conductivity measurement technique. These were compared with prediction from an equivalent tracer dispersion model and excellent agreement achieved.
For industrial application, flow, particle motion, and mixing times in a 150 ton steel processing ladle have been predicted and their technological significance discussed.
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Morales, Higa Ken. "Ladle shrouds as flow control devices for tundish operations." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103761.

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The performance characteristics of a tundish, such as the flotation of inclusions and of slag entrainment, are largely influenced by the fluid flow phenomena. Physical and mathematical modeling in water is widely used to understand fluid flows in a tundish, and as a tool to improve, control and design procedures for high quality steel processing operations. These approaches were used to study the performance of fluid flow for a new design of ladle shroud. The new "Dissipative Ladle Shroud" (DLS) was studied, using a one third scale, delta shaped, four-strand tundish. The results were compared with those achieved with the standard ladle shroud. The standard k-ε turbulence model, together with the continuity and momentum equations, were employed in order to analyze, and visualize, the velocity fields generated within the tundish operating at steady state. Different cases have been analyzed, including a conventional ladle shroud (LS) with a bare tundish, and a tundish furnished with an impact pad. Similarly, the new design of the shroud (DLS) was studied under equivalent conditions. The physical experiments included the use of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and conductivity tracer techniques. The PIV measured the instantaneous velocities at the outlet of the DLS and the LS at different flow rates, showing the detailed jetting characteristics of water leaving the two types of ladle shroud. Residence Time Distribution (RTD) curves were also obtained for the different flow arrangements previously mentioned, and the dispersion of a colored dye tracer was observed at different intervals of time during tundish operation, and analyzed using the video visualization technique.
Les caractéristiques de performance d'un répartiteur telles la flottaison des inclusions et de la scorie sont largement influencées par les phénomènes d'écoulement des fluides. Les modèles physiques et mathématiques sont communément utilisés pour comprendre la dynamique des fluides dans un répartiteur et pour améliorer, contrôler et concevoir les procédés de traitement d'acier de haute qualité. Cette approche a été utilisée pour étudier la performance de la dynamique des fluides avec un nouveau design de poche de couleé. La nouvelle "Dissipative Ladle Shroud" (DLS) a été étudiée en utilisant une échelle d'un tiers de répartiteur, en forme delta et possédant quatre drains de couleé. Les résultats ont été comparés avec ceux obtenues avec le poche de couleé normal. Le modèle de turbulence k-ε, avec les équations de conservation des masses et de quantité de mouvement, a été utilisé pour analyser et visualiser les champs de vitesse générés par l'opération du répartiteur en conditions stables. Différents cas ont été analysés, incluant un "conventional ladle shroud" (CLS) avec un répartiteur vide, et un répartiteur muni d'un bloc d'impact. De même, le nouveau design de poche de couleé (DLS) a été étudié sous des conditions équivalentes. Les expériences physiques incluent l'utilisation du "Particle Image Velocimetry" (PIV) et de techniques de traceur de conductivité. Le PIV mesure la vitesse instantanée à l'issue du DLS et du CLS à différents taux de flux, en montrant les caractéristiques détaillées du jet d'eau quittant les deux types de poche de couleé. Des courbes de Distribution des Temps de Résidence (RTD) ont également été obtenues pour les différents arrangements de flux précédemment mentionnés, et la dispersion d'un traceur de teinture colorée a été observée et analysé à différent intervalles de temps pendant l'opération du répartiteur en utilisant une vidéo de visualisation technique.
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Kim, Hyoungbae 1969. "Physical modelling of two phase flows in ladle-shroud systems." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20914.

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The onset of a 'late' rotating vortex over an off-centre drain nozzle at 2/3 radius was studied in an 1160-mm diameter tank. It was found that using a sloped bottom ladle could be beneficial in terms of steel yield, provided the exit nozzle is located 'centrically'.
Miner modification of the nozzle (skewed nozzle) to impart a radial component of velocity to the spinning vortex core was found to be effective in making AMEPA system sensitive to early slag entrainment phenomena by diverting the core away from the central vertical axis of the nozzle.
A 0.75 scale water model was constructed to simulate the flow of liquid steel through a ladle shroud in the presence of gas infiltration. It was found that the ladle shroud slag detector could be temporarily 'blinded' by gas bubbles or permanently blinded by a standing submerged gas jet.
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Joo, Sanghoon. "Modelling metallurgical phenomena in ladle and tundish steel processing operations." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74277.

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Cleanness and uniformity in steel properties are important for high quality steel. Physical and/or mathematical models can be used in order to achieve optimum conditions for the clean steel during steelmaking processes. In the present study, important metallurgical transport phenomena in steelmaking ladles and tundishes have been investigated using both mathematical and physical (water) models.
Through appropriate solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations, the intermixing of fluid within gas-stirred ladles can be modelled quite satisfactorily. It is shown that off-centered bubbling gives the most consistent results in terms of minimising mixing times, since angular velocity components intermix fluid across the width of a ladle. Comparisons between mathematical and experimental data are presented.
Fluid flow, heat transfer and inclusion flotation have been modelled mathematically for testing the behaviour of several tundish designs. Computations are presented to illustrate the importance of thermal natural convection currents in mixing the upper and lower layers of steel. Particle removal rates are also experimentally studied with the aid of the novel E.S.Z. (Electric Sensing Zone) system, and compared with computational results.
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5

Tripathi, Nagendra. "Formation of oxide-inclusions by ladle glaze and a preliminary examination on the possibility of inclusion seperation by bubble floatation." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1669.

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The present work was to study the role of ladle glaze as apotential supplier of inclusions to the steel melt during theladle refining process. In this study, the total number ofinclusions at the beginning and at the end of the ladletreatment process was found to be increasing with ladle age,which is the number of heats, the ladle being used. Asubstantial increase in inclusion population was noticed aftera certain ladle age.

Totally four types of inclusions named as; type-1 (MgO),type-2 (spinel), type-3 (an oxide solution) and type-4 (spinelin the center surrounded by the oxide solution of type-3) wereobserved in the beginning of the ladle refining process.Thermodynamic calculation revealed that the type-3 and type-4inclusions were generated by the reactions between EAF slag andladle glaze. Even a part of inclusions of type-2 (spinel phase)could be formed by these reactions. Three types of inclusionswere found before casting, viz. type-5 (oxide solution with lowcontents of MgO and SiO2), type-6 (small MgO islands embeddedin an oxide solution) and type-7 (spinel in the centersurrounded by the oxide solution of type-5). Inclusions of bothtype-5 and type-7 were the products of the reaction betweeninclusions of type-2 and the liquid metal. On the other hand,the occurrence of pieces of MgO having sharp edges in the oxidesolution suggested that the type-6 inclusions were generated bythe ladle glaze.

A preliminary examination on the possibility of inclusionseparation by bubble floatation, experiments using cold modelswere also carried out. De-ionised water and silicon oil wereused as the bulk phase. Charcoal particles of different sizeranges were employed as the dispersed phase. The examination ofcharcoal-water-gas system indicated that the positivefloatation coefficient is not a sufficient condition for theinclusion separation. The experimental results were found to bein contradiction with the prediction of a typical model thatconsiders interfacial energies. The omitting of the drag forcewas believed to be the reason causing the failure of the modelprediction in the charcoal-water-gas system. The failure of themodel prediction suggested a need of a new model taking intoaccount interfacial energies, drag force, buoyancy force andgravity force.

Key words:oxide inclusions, ladle metallurgy, ladleglaze, inclusion population, ladle age, interfacial tension,inclusion separation

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Beskow, Kristina. "Formation and Chemical Development of Non-metallic Inclusions in Ladle Treatment of Steel." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3598.

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The present study was carried out to investigate theformation and chemical development of non-metallic inclusionsduring ladle treatment of steel.

To begin with, an investigation of the deoxidation processand the impact of aluminium addition was carried out. For thispurpose, a new experimental setup was constructed. The setupallowed the examination of the deoxidation process as afunction of time by using a quenching technique. Preliminaryexperiments showed that homogeneous nucleation of alumina tookplace in the areas supersaturated with aluminium. Theseexperiments also showed that agglomeration of alumina particleswas a very rapid process, even when the convection in the meltwas negligible.

In order to examine whether aluminium supersaturation occursduring industrial practice, the deoxidation of liquid steelwith aluminium wire injection in a gas-stirred ladle wassimulated by mathematical modeling using a Computational FluidDynamics (CFD) approach. The results showed that theconcentration of aluminium in the vicinity of the aluminiumwire injection was high enough to generate homogeneousnucleation of alumina.

Aiming at an understanding of the inclusion chemistry duringthe ladle process, an industrial study was performed atUddeholm Tooling AB. The impact of slag-lining reactions andladle glaze as a source of inclusions in the melt was alsostudied. The experimental results were analysed from athermodynamic viewpoint to gain an insight into the origins ofthe inclusions and their changes along the process of the ladletreatment. Six types of inclusions were found in the steel. Thetypes of inclusions present varied along the history of theladle treatment. Three types of inclusions were found in theliquid steel before deoxidation, namely type A (a liquidinclusion with high SiO2 concentration), type B (spinel) andtype C (a combination of type A and type B). Thermodynamicanalysis indicated that these types of inclusions could begenerated by the reaction between the Electric Arc Furnace(EAF) slag and the ladle glaze, during the filling of theladle. The addition of aluminium resulted in the formation ofalumina inclusions (type E), which agglomerated and separatedfrom the steel very fast. The spinel inclusions of type B werefound to be unstable at low oxygen potentials. The inclusionsof this type would react with the liquid metal forming theinclusions of type F (spinel in the centre surrounded by anoxide solution containing Al2O3, CaO and MgO). Further,reaction between the liquid metal and inclusions of type Fwould result in the inclusions of type G, an oxide solutionmostly consisting of Al2O3 and CaO with small amounts of MgOand SiO2. The inclusions of type G were the only inclusionsfound in the steel before casting.

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Sahin, Berkay. "Inclusion Control At Cemtas Steel Plant." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614925/index.pdf.

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Ç
EMTAS Steel Plant produces alloy steels used principally by the automotive industry. Demands of customers for cleaner steel with &ldquo
fewer, smaller and homogenously distributed inclusions&rdquo
are getting tighter with time. The tight demands of the customers are checked by ultrasonic testing and faulty regions are cut off and scrapped which results in production losses in steel plants. Decreasing production losses due to scrapping by producing cleaner steels is therefore a major concern. The objective of this study is to investigate factors affecting the cleanliness of the steels produced by Ç
EMTAS. With this objective, the steelmaking practice used was thoroughly investigated and the possible origins of inclusions in the final product was tried to be found. Based on the findings, process parameters like temperature, time, quantities of additives to steel, intensity of stirring etc. were varied with the objective of determining the optimum production practice.
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Keskinkilic, Ender. "Examination Of Desulfurization Behaviour Of Ladle Furnace Slags Of A Low-sulfur Steel." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608978/index.pdf.

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The aim of this research was mainly to investigate desulfurization behaviour of ladle furnace slags of a low-sulfur steel. First, the change of the amount of unstable oxides (FetO and MnO) in slags was studied from the converter till the end of ladle furnace treatment for different steel quality groups. It was found that the change in the amount of unstable oxides could be examined best with low-C steel qualities. Then, the change of activity of iron oxide was investigated for a member of low-C steel quality group, namely 4937K, a low-S steel. The relation between the degree of desulfurization at the ladle furnace, % DeS (measured), and the change in activity of iron oxide, % Decrease in aFetO, was examined first using an empirical expression obtained from literature. Then, this relationship was studied using steel oxygen activity measurements conducted at the ladle furnace. With this method, a regression formula was proposed for 4937K slags relating activity coefficient of iron oxide, gama(FetO), with the major slag components. The results obtained from steel oxygen activities were found to be representative for 4937K steel-slag system showing similar behaviour with the ones from the empirical expression obtained from literature. Similar results were found using Temkin equation and the polymeric anion model. In relation to formation of less harmful inclusions to suppress adverse effects of sulfur, morphological studies of some steels produced in ERDEMiR plant were performed. D-type globular inclusions with severity values of 1-2 were observed.
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Abelin, Mathias, and Håkan Blomkvist. "Investigation of the scale factor between full scale ladle furnace process and water models." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277874.

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The ladle furnace process is an important process in the steel manufacturing industry. The purpose of this process is to optimize the composition of the elements in the melt as well as to homogenize the temperature in the liquid. It is common practice to model this process using smaller water models. In order to accurately scale these models a variety of criteria and scaling factors are needed. The central phenomenon which all else is derived from is the two-phase gas plume dominating the fluid flows. The plume, and its dependant parameters are difficult to define. Which ones ought to be used and how to use them has not been standardized. Concerns have been raised whether the most common method of scaling is even applicable in ladle metallurgy. This report gives an account for studies concerning these variables and their effect on the subject. The objective of this report is to highlight ways to improve these simulations with respect to debated parameters. The conclusion of this study points out the reasons for why these variables may be of importance for the modeling of the ladle furnace process. It also specifically mentions future work that should be conducted in order to provide deeper knowledge of thedifferent parameters affecting the method of modeling.
Skänkmetallurgin är en viktigt process inom stålindustrin. Syftet med denna process är att optimera den kemiska sammansättningen i smältan och att homogenisera temperaturen i vätskan. Det är vanligt att modelera denna process med hjälp av vattenmodeller. För att träffsäkert skala dessa modeller krävs en mängd kriterier och skal-faktorer. Det mest centrala fenomenet, utifrån vilket allt annat kan härledas, är två-fas gasplymen som dominerar flödena i skänken. Plymen och dess beroende parametrar är svåra att definera. Vilka som bör användas och hur de används har inte standardiserats. Oro har väckts över om den vanligaste skalningsmetoden ens går att använda i skänkmetallurgi. Denna rapport redogör för studier rörande dessa variabler och deras påverkan på ämnet. Syftet med denna rapport är att belysa olika tillvägagångssätt till att förbättra dessa simulationer med hänsyn till debaterade parametrar. Slutsatsen för denna studie lyfter fram anledningarna till varför dessa variabler är av vikt för modellering för skänkmetallurgin. Även framtida arbete som bör utföras föratt ge djupare förståelse för de olika parametrarna belyses.
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10

Aydemir, Onur. "Use Of Aluminium Dross For Slag Treatment In Secondary Steelmaking To Decrease Amount Of Reducible Oxides In Ladle Furnace." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608132/index.pdf.

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In this study it was aimed to analyse refining processes such as decreasing reducible oxide content of ladle slag with affecting parameters in low carbon aluminum killed grades and for the research Erdemir low carbon steel grades 7112K and 7110K are selected. There was a negative correlation between reducible oxide amount in ladle slag and desulphurization capacity of ladle slag with metal-slag reaction and steel internal cleanliness. To refine these properties of slag, aluminium dross, which was aluminium production discard and has a metallic content around %30-35 was used and after ladle treatment operation, decrease in reducible oxides such as FetO, MnO, SiO2, P2O5 was analysed. After the study it was observed that 653 kg. of converter slag leaked during tapping of steel and SiO2 ve P2O5 content of ladle slag had negligible change after ladle treatment. According to the results, it is observed that initial %10-12 (FetO + MnO) content was reduced to % 4.5-5.0 (FetO + MnO) after ladle treatment with use of aluminium dross. Beside of this, in order to see the effect of this slag reduction on steel cleanliness, low carbon aluminium killed grades were compared with ultra-low carbon aluminium killed grades having (FetO + MnO) content of %16-17 in slag. It was seen that reoxidation of aluminium (loss of dissolved aluminium) during continuous casting for ULC (ultra-low carbon) gradesis 144 ppm but for LC grades it was 94 ppm and it was being expected that ULC steel group would have higher inclusion content after casting.
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Books on the topic "Ladle metallurgy"

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Szekely, Julian, Göran Carlsson, and Lars Helle. Ladle Metallurgy. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3538-5.

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Szekely, Julian. Ladle metallurgy. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Szekely, Julian. Ladle metallurgy. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Fruehan, R. J. Ladle metallurgy principles and practices. [Warrendale, PA]: Iron and Steel Society, 1985.

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Association of Iron and Steel Engineers. Steel Producing and Continuous Casting Division., ed. Vacuum treatment of liquid steel in ladles: An AISE project report. Pittsburgh, Pa. (Suite 2350, 3 Gateway Center, Pittsburgh 15222): Association of Iron and Steel Engineers, 1988.

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Institut metallurgii (Akademi͡ia nauk SSSR. Uralʹskoe otdelenie), ed. Plavlenie ferrosplavov pri kovshevoĭ obrabotke metalla. Sverdlovsk: UrO AN SSSR, 1991.

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Symposium, on "Ladle Metallurgy of Steel for Continuous Casting and Ingot Teeming" (1986 Hamilton Ont ). Ladle metallurgy of steel for continous casting and ingot teeming. Hamilton, Ont., Canada: Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1986.

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International Symposium on Developments in Ladle Steelmaking and Continuous Casting (1990 Hamilton, Ont.). International Symposium on Developments in Ladle Steelmaking and Continuous Casting: Proceedings. Montréal, Qué: Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 1990.

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International Calcium Treatment Symposium (1st 1988 University of Strathclyde). First International Calcium Treatment Symposium: Proceedings of the First International Calcium Treatment Symposium. London: Institute of Metals, 1988.

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International Symposium on Ladle Steelmaking and Furnaces (1988 Montréal, Quebec). Proceedings, International Symposium on Ladle Steelmaking and Furnaces: August 28-31, 1988, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Hamilton, Ont: [s.n.], 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ladle metallurgy"

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Carlsson, Göran. "Overview of Injection Technology." In Ladle Metallurgy, 1–26. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3538-5_1.

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Szekely, Julian. "The Fundamental Aspects of Injection Metallurgy." In Ladle Metallurgy, 27–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3538-5_2.

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Helle, Lars. "Injection Practice in the Secondary Metallurgy of Steel." In Ladle Metallurgy, 73–150. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3538-5_3.

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Carlsson, Göran. "Economic Considerations." In Ladle Metallurgy, 151–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3538-5_4.

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Carlsson, Göran. "Testing Technique for Powder Injection." In Ladle Metallurgy, 154–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3538-5_5.

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Miaoyong, Zhu, and Xu Kuangdi. "Ladle Furnace Process." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1036-1.

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Pistorius, P. Chris. "Ladle Metallurgy Kinetics: Inclusion-Inclusion Reactions." In Celebrating the Megascale, 341–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48234-7_31.

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Irons, Gordon, Krishnakumar Krishnapisharody, and Kevin Graham. "Modeling of Ladle Metallurgy in Steelmaking." In Celebrating the Megascale, 85–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48234-7_6.

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Pistorius, P. Chris. "Ladle Metallurgy Kinetics: Inclusion-Inclusion Reactions." In Celebrating the Megascale, 341–46. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118889657.ch31.

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Irons, Gordon, Krishnakumar Krishnapisharody, and Kevin Graham. "Modeling of Ladle Metallurgy in Steelmaking." In Celebrating the Megascale, 85–92. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118889657.ch6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ladle metallurgy"

1

Guo, X., S. Imran, M. Razzak, S. Ryan, N. Walla, and C. Zhou. "A CFD Study of Refractory Brick Erosion and Corrosion in Ladle Metallurgy Furnace." In AISTech 2024. AIST, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/388/078.

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HODGSON, M. "RAY-TRACING PREDICTION OF NOISE LEVELS IN A LADLE METALLURGY FACILITY BEFORE AND AFTER ACOUSTIC TREATMENT." In Autumn Conference 1989. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/21727.

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Nikolaev, A. A., P. G. Tulupov, S. S. Ryzhevol, and V. S. Ivekeev. "Analysing of the Efficiency for Ladle Furnace Improved Electric Modes Control Algorithms at PJSC "MMK"." In 2023 Russian Workshop on Power Engineering and Automation of Metallurgy Industry: Research & Practice (PEAMI). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peami58441.2023.10299919.

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Metelkin, A. A., O. Yu Sheshukov, O. I. Shevchenko, M. V. Savel’ev, and D. K. Egiazar’yan. "Method for estimating the sulfide capacity of slags in ladle furnace unit using the ionic theory." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING AND METALLURGY (ICIMM 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076104.

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ZIELIŃSKA, M. "Advanced CFD investigations of electromagnetic stirring of molten steel in continuous caster tundish." In Material Forming. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902479-166.

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Abstract:
Abstract. The continuous casting process is one of the initial operations in the entire metal forming chain used in the metallurgical industry. The phenomena of solidification and unification of properties that occur during slab casting are highly dependent on the steel composition and the purity of the metal. The high cleanliness of steel is the determinant of the good quality of the final products, without internal cracks or inhomogeneities in mechanical, thermal or electrical properties. Therefore, one of the production goals is to avoid the non-metallic inclusions in the molten steel by intensifying their removal processes. One of the most important metallurgy equipment responsible for cleaning the steel is the ladle furnace, where special mixing processes are executed to increase the removal process of unfavourable elements. Another critical piece of equipment is the tundish, located just before the slab casting, which can additionally improve the microstructure final composition and homogeneity. Therefore, the investigations presented in the paper are centred on the development of an advanced Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model of the flow behaviour of the molten steel inside the tundish. The key element of the model is to include the effect of an additional electromagnetic stirring device which can improve the cleanliness and the composition of the steel and hence its final properties. The role of this device is often omitted during practical research, but its direct influence on the properties of the steel has a clear impact on the characteristics of the formed metallic parts under further processing operations. Therefore, optimization of the process inside the tundish is essential from an industrial point of view. The paper includes a detailed analysis of the flow and stirring energy distributions to predict and understand the active and dead zones inside the tundish to avoid the regions with stagnant velocity distribution. As an outcome of such a developed coupled electromagnetic/fluid dynamic model, optimizing the mixing processes to control the product's properties is possible.
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