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Journal articles on the topic 'Lean Construction Institute'
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Heinemeier, Dan C. "Lean Construction Institute: Partners with the Associated Schools of Construction in Support of Construction Education." International Journal of Construction Education and Research 10, no. 4 (2014): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15578771.2014.960782.
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Zhang, Hui, and Yi Hu Zhang. "Study on Lean Construction Method of Green Substation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 4369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.4369.
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The application of lean construction theory in building green substation was discussed. The study on integration of design-build indicated that the electric power design institute as the general contractor should change the mode of only setting up one secondary organization to manage the engineering, and should improve the management system and change the producing idea. The study on the combination of the last planner system and building the substation indicated that the measures of arranging the work and setting the workload reasonably and enhancing the supply of important resources etc. could increase the Percent Plan Complete of building the substation. At last, the 4-saving and 1-environmental protection measures of green construction of substation were brought out.
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Brioso, Xavier. "Synergies between Last Planner System and OHSAS 18001 - A general overview = Sinergias entre el Last Planner System y la OHSAS 18001 - Una visión general." Building & Management 1, no. 2 (2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/bma.2017.2.3551.
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The present article’s main objective is to describe the synergies generated from the simultaneous application of the Last Planner System (LPS) and OHSAS 18001. We explain the main principles, tools, techniques and practices of the Lean Construction philosophy and LPS that integrate and make synergy with the elaboration of Safety and Health Study, the implementation of the Safety and Health Plan, and with the OHSAS 18001. The LPS elements are correlated with the OHSAS 18001 requirements: (1) Policy; (2) Planning; (3) Implementation and Operation; (4) Checking; and (5) Management Review. The methodology used to validate the proposal is based in a review of the published literature in the last years, in which information was quoted from the Conferences of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC), Lean Construction Journal, Lean Construction Institute, among others. This paper hopes to bring integration and collaborative work from the Production and the Safety and Health Department.ResumenEl presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir las sinergias generadas en la aplicación simultánea del Last Planner System (LPS) y la OHSAS 18001. Se explican los principios, herramientas, técnicas y prácticas de la filosofía Lean Construction y del LPS que integran y generan sinergia con la elaboración del Estudio de Seguridad y Salud, con la implementación del Plan de Seguridad y Salud y con la OHSAS 18001. Se relacionan los elementos del LPS con los requisitos OHSAS 18001: (1) Política; (2) Planificación; (3) Implementación y operación; (4) Verificación; y (5) Revisión por la Dirección. La metodología empleada para validar la propuesta se basa en una revisión de la literatura publicada en los últimos años, en la que se citó información de la Conferencia del International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC), Lean Construction Journal, Lean Construction Institute, entre otros. Este trabajo pretende aportar en la integración y el trabajo colaborativo del área de producción y del área de soporte de seguridad y salud.
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Forbes, Lincoln H., Zofia K. Rybkowski, and Cynthia C. Y. Tsao. "The Evolution of Lean Construction Education at US-based Companies." Lean Construction Journal 2021 (December 31, 2021): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.60164/98f2b7d5h.
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Question: How are US-based companies training their employees and project team members in lean construction / lean project delivery principles and techniques? Purpose: To identify potential commonalities in practices used by leading US-based organizations/companies to train project team members in lean construction / lean project delivery. Research Method: Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with company representatives to determine the specific practices employed in preparing stakeholders for participation in lean projects. We surveyed a cross-section of established construction firms, design firms, and consultants to identify best practices currently in use. Findings: This study found that while there are some similarities in how trade associations, companies, consultants, and owner organizations are managing lean training, there are substantial variations in the design of training programs and approaches. This indicates that best practices in lean training are still emerging. Limitations: The sample of organizations contacted was relatively small, only comprising companies known to maintain active lean construction programs. Due to the relative novelty of lean construction, training programs are not a standard requirement across the industry. Implications: Companies that have successfully implemented lean in project delivery have developed best practices in training within their own organizations/companies, and these practices have been identified in this study. Their lessons learned can provide guidance to other companies that wish to begin implementing lean on their projects. Value for Practitioners: This paper provides case study examples to organizations wishing to adopt lean practices. Keywords: Lean construction education, Lean Construction Institute (LCI), Associated General Contractors (AGC), CM-lean certificate, coaching Paper type: Full paper
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Anshi, Verma*1 Dr. Shailesh Ahgalekar2 Prof. Manish Khandare3. "APPLICATION OF LEAN CONSTRUCTION TOOL (L.P.S) TO IMPROVE LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY AT CONSTRUCTION SITE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 6 (2017): 287–301. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.809172.
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Indian construction industry still follows the primitive work pattern, which generates poor management in resources, waste management, over budgeting and schedule lagging. To eliminate all the above mentioned issues, construction industries are now adopting sophisticated tools and techniques like lean construction tool (L.P.S). This paper includes the implementation of last planner system at site. After the implementation we observed the improvising effect in the area of labor productivity therefore, we can conclude that the L.P.S technique is better than the primitive project management approach.
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Yuniar, Riana, Elvira Handayani, and Kiki Rizky Amalia. "Analisa Waste Material Konstruksi Dengan Menggunakan Metode Lean Construction Studi Kasus : Pekerjaan Pembangunan Puskesmas Purwodadi Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat." Jurnal Civronlit Unbari 8, no. 2 (2023): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/civronlit.v8i2.119.
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Material is one component of the cost that plays an important role in supporting the success of a project. In the implementation of building construction projects, leftover materials or Construction Waste cannot be avoided. Excess material, whether from work results or from construction materials that are left/scattered/destroyed and cannot be used again, is called construction waste. Thus, a method is needed for the efficiency of remaining construction materials (Intan et. Al,2005). Construction in Indonesia currently has many problems regarding inefficiency in the implementation of construction. The causes of this inefficiency include poor performance, waste of resources used during the construction process, but this does not add value to the function of the resources used. Based on data submitted by the Lean Construction Institute (LCI), waste in the construction industry is around 57% and activities that provide added value are only 10% (Abduh, 2007). In construction projects, problems are often found in the construction process, such as changes to project drawings, changes to specifications, poor storage, and other technical problems in the field that cause material waste. Problems like this can have an impact on project cost losses beyond what was planned.Lean Construction is very necessary in construction projects so that waste does not occur due to the problems that have been explained previously, it is hoped that it can reduce waste on the project. So that it can reduce costs caused by waste and can establish better relationships between individuals involved in the project.
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NASCIMENTO, Daniel Luiz de Mattos, Elisa Dominguez SOTELINO, Thiago Pires Santoloni LARA, Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão CAIADO, and Paulo IVSON. "CONSTRUCTABILITY IN INDUSTRIAL PLANTS CONSTRUCTION: A BIM-LEAN APPROACH USING THE DIGITAL OBEYA ROOM FRAMEWORK." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 23, no. 8 (2017): 1100–1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1385521.
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One of the main problems the construction industry faces is the high cost and slow execution time due to inadequate planning, which results in poor use of human resources. A common solution for reducing time and costs is the adoption of prefabricated components (prefabs). This paper proposes a novel methodology for interdisciplinary management of construction projects by integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Lean Thinking to improve the production planning and control of pipe-rack modules in an industrial facility. The article first presents a literature review to assess the key synergies between BIM and Lean Thinking. These led to the development of a new integrated work methodology named Digital Obeya Room. This model focuses on the required workflows, the analysis of collected data, and the visual management of construction planning and control. A real-world empirical study in the Oil and Gas industry evaluated how the newly devised practices could improve prefabrication and preassembly planning. The proposed methodology was capable of reducing the welding-time in 8.7% related on global prefabrication average in construction projects from Fails Management Institute (FMI) prefabrication report survey 2017.
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Munawaroh, Fitria Arwina, and Oryza Lhara Sari. "ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB WASTE PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TOL BALIKPAPAN-SAMARINDA." INFO-TEKNIK 23, no. 1 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/infotek.v23i1.13855.
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In the implementation of construction projects, one of the problems that often occurs is inefficiency and waste. According to the Lean Construction Institute, in construction projects there is a lot of waste in the form of activities that use resources but do not add value (non-value adding). Project waste will become a problem and can increase project costs if not immediately anticipated. By eliminating waste in non-value-added activities and applying lean tools to essential value-added and non-value-added activities. In this toll road construction project, there is a problem in the form of delays in the construction process caused by several factors, one of which is related to land acquisition. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the factors causing waste in the Balikpapan - Samarinda Toll Road Development Project. This research aims to find out the waste variables and the factors that cause the most frequent waste in the project. The method used in this research is Borda method. Borda method is used to rank the most frequent variables and factors. The result shows that the most frequent waste variable in Balikpapan - Samarinda Toll Road Construction Project is waiting time which has a weight of 0.187. Meanwhile, the factor causing the most frequent waste in the Balikpapan - Samarinda Toll Road Development Project is due to unfavorable weather which has a weight of 0.074.
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Porras Díaz, Hernán, Omar Giovanny Sánchez Rivera, and José Alberto Galvis Guerra. "Filosofía Lean Construction para la gestión de proyectos de construcción." Avances Investigación en Ingeniería 11, no. 1 (2014): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18041/1794-4953/avances.1.298.
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La industria de la construcción es una parte importante del aparato económico de un país, por tanto, la verificación de los nuevos sistemas de gestión que se implementan en las principales industrias constructoras del mundo y en donde se obtienen excelentes resultados, merece especial atención. En el presente artículo se hace una revisión bibliográfica de la filosofía Lean Construction (LC) o “construcción sin pérdidas”, un nuevo enfoque en la gestión de proyectos de construcción introducido por el profesor Lauri Koskela en el año 1992 basándose en el modelo empleado por la industria automovilística en los 80, la “producción Lean”. Koskela propone que la construcción es un sistema de producción que se funda en proyectos con gran incertidumbre en la planificación y una mala concepción de la producción, que es vista como un modelo de transformación solamente. Las bases teóricas de LC propuestas por Koskela pretenden ver la producción en la construcción como un proceso de transformación, de flujo y generador de valor, en consecuencia, el objetivo de Lean Construction es crear buenos sistemas de producción que permitan optimizar, reducir o eliminar los flujos para mejorar los tiempos de entrega. En este sentido, LC es un nuevo pensamiento en gestión de proyectos de construcción que desafía a la guía de gestión actual del Project Management Institute PMBOK, con un alto auge en los Estados Unidos, De ahí que LC no deba ser concebido como un modelo o sistema en el cual solo se siguen unos pasos, sino como un pensamiento dirigido a la creación de herramientas que generen valor a las actividades, fases y etapas de los proyectos de construcción. Entendiendo el valor como la eliminación de todo aquello que produzca perdidas en la ejecución de las mismas. En la fase de construcción por ejemplo, la reducción de los tiempos de ejecución en las actividades de obra, el control del desperdicio de los materiales y la prevención de accidentes laborales son objetivos que si se logran cumplir agregaran valor a tal fase. Basados en estos principios teóricos los investigadores Glenn Ballard y Greg Howell idearon una herramienta denominada Last Planner o como se conoce actualmente en Latinoamérica Sistema del Ultimo Planificador con el objetivo de mejorar el proceso de programación de obra proponiendo la renovación del concepto de planificación de obra tradicional, en donde las actividades que serán hechas se desarrollan sin saber realmente si las pueden hacer realidad en obra. Lo que hace el SUP es considerar el conjunto de actividades que realmente pueden hacerse de una manera más específica para controlar más de cerca los impedimentos que eviten la ejecución de estas en obra, de esta forma la probabilidad de que las actividades programadas se lleven a cabo es muy alta y como consecuencia la incertidumbre de no poderlas hacer disminuye y se evitan retrasos en la realización de los trabajos en obra. Como parte del desarrollo de la filosofía Lean Construction en el marco de crear herramientas Lean para la mejora de la gestión de los proyectos de construcción, se analiza como contrasta con el modelo tradicional de ejecución de proyectos diseño-licitación-construcción, en cuanto a cuál es la mejor forma de organización arquitecto, cliente y constructor en las fases de desarrollo del proyecto. La base teórica del modelo Integrated Project Delivery IPD propone unificarlos en la fase de diseño para obtener el máximo entendimiento del proyecto para que la fase de construcción se desarrolle sin choques entre el arquitecto y el constructor. Al aplicarle Lean construction al modelo IPD se convierte en el sistema de ejecución de proyectos Lean Project Delivery System (LPDS) el cual propone la metodología para desarrollar los proyectos de construcción bajo cinco fases y 12 etapas Lean en las cuales también se fomenta el desarrollo de herramientas que contribuyan con la generación de valor. La tecnología de modelado 3D Building Information Modeling BIM aunque no hace parte de LC es por ejemplo una herramienta de ayuda muy importante para el modelo LPDS, contribuye a comprender mejor los procesos constructivos de diseños complejos o simples para el ahorro de tiempo en su construcción. Bajo este paradigma de ayuda que brinda BIM se deja planteada una visión sobre su futuro desarrollo como parte de Lean Construction.
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Mei, Tingting, Qiankun Wang, Yaping Xiao, and Mi Yang. "Rent-seeking behavior of BIM- and IPD-based construction project in China." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 3 (2017): 514–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2015-0178.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the rent-seeking behavior of stakeholders in construction projects and to provide a reference for further studies on collaboration in China, which could thus improve the collaborative management in construction and reduce the waste of resources. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors discuss and analyze the current situation of rent-seeking behavior in infrastructure construction projects, integrated project delivery (IPD), and the application of a building information model (BIM) in China. The authors analyze the collusive behavior between the supervision department and the contractor via the rent-seeking model on the basis of the game theory and present that BIM and IPD have a positive impact on rent-seeking activities of construction projects. The key factors influencing the rent-seeking activities from the perspective of the owner are studied via a questionnaire survey. Findings The research status of IPD in China includes the application of IPD, IPD collaborative management and the combination of lean construction (LC), IPD and BIM. The enthusiasm of the adoption of BIM and IPD is higher for design institute, construction units, research institutions and universities. The findings indicate that the owner appears to have a significant influence on stakeholders in construction projects, such as supervising efficiency, rewards and punishment. Therefore, the results also demonstrate that the construction project based on BIM and IPD can effectively avoid the rent-seeking activities of the participants. Research limitations/implications The findings are primarily based on questionnaire data originated from Central China; hence there are some limitations that are worth noting. Practical implications First, it provides compelling data evidence for the adoption of BIM and IPD in China. Second, it paves a solid foundation for the behavior of stakeholders in construction projects based on BIM and IPD. Originality/value In this paper, a game model of contractor, supervisor and owner is established, and a preliminary attempt is made to introduce BIM and IPD into the model for the behavioral research of participants.
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Kalsaas, Bo Terje, Anders Rullestad, and Hanne S. Thorud. "Continuous Improvement on Detailed Design Phase: A Process Perspective." Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management 10, no. 2 (2020): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeppm-2020-0013.
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AbstractThe construction project being studied is a government investment related to the relocation of a biomedical institute delivering research-based knowledge and contingency support in the fields of animal health, fish health and food safety. The project covers a total of 63,000 square meters distributed over 10 buildings with a very high degree of complexity. The design alone has required 1 million hours, which relates to a client cost of about 100 million Euro. The purpose of this paper is to study the applied methodology for managing the detailed design to identify lessons learned from the project. The theory underlying the study is inspired by lean design management and design theory linked to design as phenomena, including reciprocal interdependencies, iteration, decomposition, design as a “wicked problem”, learning, gradual maturation, etc. The article is based on an abductive research design and has been implemented as a case study where both qualitative and quantitative methods have been used.
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Brioso, X., and C. Calderon-Hernandez. "Teaching Design Management tools during a pandemic: A Peruvian case study." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1218, no. 1 (2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1218/1/012036.
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Abstract During the year 2020, the sanitary emergency norm forced universities to teach under the remote learning method, representing a challenge of designing courses that require high effectiveness. The purpose of this work is to present the strategies that were successfully applied during the teaching of design management tools for a building project, implemented in a course part of the Civil Engineering master of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. The methodology considered the effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic and had as objective to develop soft skills and employability, for which a balanced use of virtual platforms as well as software was proposed for videoconference and laboratories. On the other hand, during this course, students developed a proposal for integrated planning and management of the design phase using tools of norms and guidelines of project management systems such as ISO 21500, Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling, PMBOK of the Project Management Institute, Integrated Project Delivery, among others. Under this framework, the participation of stakeholders, multicriteria decision making, development of project design deliverables and project sequence was analyzed, which presented an important change under the collaborative contracts. The success of this methodology is reflected in the high quality of final papers and expositions, the result of surveys taken - effectiveness of 99%-, and in the improvement opportunities detected. This paper presents important information that may be adapted by academic and practitioners during the phases of the pandemic and post-pandemic.
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I.V., Yakupova. "Sorption properties of natural carbon materials in the separation of surfactants from water solutions." Journal of Coal Chemistry 3 (2022): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-3-15-23.
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SORPTION PROPERTIES OF NATURAL CARBON MATERIALS IN THE SEPARATION OF SURFACTANTS FROM WATER SOLUTIONS © I.V. Yakupova, I.M. Kosygina, Phd, A.S. Makarov, Doctor Of Technical Sciences, I.M. Kryuchko (INSTITUTE OF COLOID AND WATER CHEMISTRY NAS OF UKRAINE, Akademika Vernadskogo Blvd., 42, Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine) More than 40 % of the world's electricity production comes from thermal power plants. The main (97.5 %) type of fuel for Ukrainian thermal power plants is coal, which is explained by the cheapness and availability of this raw material. Low efficiency and environmental problems in the use of coal determine the relevance of the search for alternative fuels in Ukraine, and one of the main ones is coal-water fuel – a highly concentrated dispersed system in which a dispersed fraction of coal of any calorific value and a liquid phase consisting of water with plasticizer additives are used as a combustible base and stabilizers. To give stability and the necessary fluidity, a small amount of a surfactant plasticizer is introduced into the suspension. The formation of surfactant adsorption layers on the surface of particles of the dispersed phase is a necessary condition for the formation of the structure of suspensions and its stabilization. The amount of surfactant adsorption, in addition to the physicochemical composition of coal, is largely affected by the nature of the surface and the cellular structure of materials. To study the sorption efficiency of carbon materials, rigid surfactants widely used in the construction industry were used: sodium salt of sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (NF), dophene (technical NF), sulfomelamin formaldehyde (SMF), sodium lignosulfonate (LSTNa). The processes of surfactant adsorption on coal of Ukraine with different degrees of metamorphism have been studied. Conclusions are drawn that allow a better understanding of the processes of interaction of surfactants with solid particles of sorbents. It has been established that the sorption properties of surfactants with the use of carbon sorbents decrease in the series LST → dophene → NF → SMF, which is explained by the structure of surfactants. Comparative characterization of the data obtained also allows us to state that the sorption properties with respect to surfactant compounds increase in a number of studied carbon sorbents: lean coal (P) → long-flame gas coal (DG) → anthracite. The similarity of adsorption processes on the surface of coal grade DG and anthracite gives grounds for the assumption that the mechanisms of stabilization of water-coal suspensions by surfactant compounds during the creation of water-coal fuel are similar. Keywords: natural coal, surfactant, adsorption, outer layer, micelles, aggregation. Corresponding author I.M. Kosygina, e-mail: kosygina@ukr.net
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Gräser, Daniel, Sebastian Lange, Michael Hermes, and Fritz Berner. "Lean Construction in der Logistik im Tief- und StraßenbauOptimierung der Bauausführung unter beengten Verhältnissen/Lean Construction in the logistics of underground and road constructionOptimization of construction in constricted conditions." Bauingenieur 91, no. 04 (2016): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2016-04-84.
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In der Bauindustrie wird die Produktivität vorwiegend durch neue Bauverfahren und innovative Maschinentechnik erhöht, wohingegen der Gestaltung des Fertigungsprozesses oft zu wenig Beachtung beigemessen wird. Dem entgegen stehen die aus der stationären Industrie adaptierten Lean-Prinzipen. Diese entstammen ursprünglich dem Toyota-Produktions-System sowie der daraus entwickelten Lean Production, das in der stationären Industrie bereits seit Jahren zum Einsatz kommt. Auf Grundlage der Lean Production hat sich übergeordnet das Lean Management, mit dem Grundgedanken des Lean Thinking, über die produzierenden Bereiche hinaus in allen Unternehmensbereichen sukzessive etabliert. Die Adaption auf die Bauindustrie wird als Lean Construction bezeichnet. Lean Construction orientiert sich am Wertschöpfungsprozess, vermeidet Verschwendung und erzeugt einen kontinuierlichen Arbeitsfluss. Der Transfer dieser industriellen Produktionsmethodik auf die Bauindustrie wird angesichts der vorherrschenden Meinung, Bauen sei eine Unikatfertigung, bis heute insbesondere in der Praxis kritisch gesehen. Bei genaueren Untersuchungen zeigt sich jedoch, dass auch bei Unikatbauwerken eine große Zahl an wiederkehrenden Prozessschritten identifiziert werden kann [1].   Im Rahmen einer am Institut für Baubetriebslehre der Universität Stuttgart verfassten Forschungsarbeit wurde die Wertschöpfung am Beispiel der Logistik bei Tief- und Straßenbauvorhaben unter beengten Verhältnissen untersucht. Die Logistik hat einen Fertigungsprozess zu versorgen, welcher gerade im Tief- und Straßenbau durch räumliche Restriktionen, eine stark schwankende Arbeitsleistung und unvorhergesehene Hindernisse (z. B. mangelnde Kenntnisse über den Baugrund) charakterisiert ist. Im Sinne der Lean-Philosophie ist dabei in der Fertigung sowie in der Logistik die Verschwendung abzuschaffen, um die Wertschöpfung zu erhöhen. Der vorliegende Artikel stellt die wesentlichen Ergebnisse der Forschungsarbeit dar. Im Einzelnen werden die Grundlagen der Baulogistik im Tief- und Straßenbau ausgeführt sowie die verwendeten Untersuchungsmethoden erläutert. Des Weiteren werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse und Lösungsansätze dargestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass eine zu geringe Transportleistung den Leitprozess in der Fertigung behindert und somit die Herstellkosten erhöht.
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Spieth, Dominik, Michael Hermes, and Fritz Berner. "Wechselwirkungen zwischen Lean Construction und der Arbeitsmethode BIM am Beispiel der BIM-Anwendungsfälle Visualisierung und Bauablaufmodellierung/Interaction between Lean Construction and the working method BIM using the example of application of visualization and modelling of the construction process." Bauingenieur 91, no. 11 (2016): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2016-11-64.
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In der Planung und Ausführung von Hochbauvorhaben haben sich zwei übergeordnete Wege zur ganzheitlichen Optimierung des Bauprozesses entwickelt. Mithilfe des Management-Ansatzes Lean Construction und der Arbeitsmethode Building Information Modeling (BIM) soll der Bauprozess nachhaltig verbessert werden. Lean Construction und BIM werden aktuell in Deutschland größtenteils unabhängig voneinander gesehen und angewendet. Allerdings existieren bei dem Management-Ansatz und der Arbeitsmethode in zahlreichen Bereichen Gemeinsamkeiten, sodass eine kombinierte Anwendung als sinnvoll erscheint und zu einer ganzheitlichen Verbesserung führen kann. Für eine gemeinsame Anwendung sollten im Vorfeld die Schnittstellen und Gemeinsamkeiten von Lean Construction und BIM geprüft und dargestellt werden. Hierzu wurde am Institut für Baubetriebslehre der Universität Stuttgart ein Forschungsvorhaben durchgeführt, in dem die Schwierigkeiten einer gemeinsamen Anwendung analysiert und Schnittstellen sowie Synergien von Lean Construction und BIM dargestellt wurden. Die Schnittstellen und Synergien sind durch eine internationale Literaturrecherche ermittelt worden. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die wesentlichen Inhalte des Forschungsvorhabens „Wechselwirkungen zwischen Lean Construction und der Arbeitsmethode BIM“ beschrieben. Der Schwerpunkt in diesem Beitrag liegt dabei auf den Schnittstellen zwischen Lean Construction und den zwei BIM-Anwendungsfällen Visualisierung und Bauablaufmodellierung. Die Ergebnisse der Schnittstellenanalyse machen deutlich, dass zahlreiche BIM-Anwendungen im Einklang mit den Zielen, Werkzeugen und Methoden sowie Prinzipien von Lean Construction stehen. Aus dieser Analyse wird das Phasenmodell abgeleitet, welches eine strategische Anwendung der beiden Ansätze über den kompletten Planungs- und Bauprozess empfiehlt. Dieses Modell kann Entscheidungsträgern dabei als übersichtliches Werkzeug zur Entwicklung eines integrierten BIM-Lean-Prozesses dienlich sein.
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Kitchin, James, Rosie Goldrick, and Kelly Alvarez Doran. "Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture: climate-positive design using locally sourced materials." Structural Engineer 99, no. 7 (2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/njlo6557.
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In this article, authors from MASS Design Group describe how they and their partners pursued climate-positive design for the campus of the Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture. The article relates the project’s approach to material selection, construction methods, structural spans and thermal properties, which enabled a 60% reduction in cradle-to-gate carbon emissions. On-site sequestration through reforestation will lead to the project becoming carbon neutral before 2040.
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Vargas Neumann, Julio, Marcial Blondet, and Carlos Iwaki. "The Intervention of Earthen Heritage in Seismic Areas and the Conservation Charters." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.727.
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Earthquakes are recurring natural phenomena that cause cumulative damage to earth constructions that can lead to their collapse. The discovery of earthen architectural heritage in Peru, has led to the re-exposure of adobe buildings, increasing their vulnerability to seismic activity. How can we prevent protect them from further damage their loss and? Due to their gradual and progressive destruction, earth constructions located in seismic areas constitute a critical and unique case. The structural response of stone masonry joined with mud mortar depends on the weakest of their construction materials: earth. This paper presents the criteria for structural conservation of earthen architectural heritage and tools for seismic-resistant reinforcement developed by field experts during the last 25 years. The concepts of reinforced earth and liquid mud injection, developed by the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP) with support from the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI), are also included in this work. The article also analyzes recent cases of the re-intervention of earth monuments initially restored during the last century and re-destroyed by more recent earthquakes; offers solutions to this situation, ranging from the safest and friendliest to the most aggressive ones. Finally, I concludes expressing the urgent need to reassess the conservation criteria accepted by the International Charters ratified by ICOMOS and UNESCO regarding earthen architectural heritage located in seismic areas.
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G., S. R. SUBBA RAO, K. HARIPRAKASHA H., GIRIJA T., and VIJAYA BHASKAR K. "Synthesis based on Cyclohexadienes. Part-271. Synthesis of Functionalized Tricyclo[5.2.2.01,5]undecanes." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 74, Nov-Dec 1997 (1997): 961–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5900994.
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Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012 <em>Manuscript received 16 October 1997</em> A new methodology for the construction of tricyclo[5.2.2.0 <sup>1,5</sup>]undecanes is described from indane-4-carboxylic acids. Birch reduction of indane-4-carboxylic acids followed by conjugation and cycloaddition with α-ehloroacrylonitrile and hydrolysis lead to the tricyclic compounds 36 and 48 which are intermediates in the eremolactone synthesis.
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Muhammad Ahmad Awais. "DETERMINANTS OF DESIGN AND BUILD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS OF LAHORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY: DOES THE PROJECT COST MATTER?" ASIAN BULLETIN OF BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2, no. 1 (2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.62019/abbssr.v2i1.24.
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Construction projects are ones, that need to be handled with care, as their determinants and building factors, may relate a lot towards the economic factor of the project. One slight misunderstanding of the determinants, the design and build may be completely worn off and lead toward an economical failure. The cost matters a lot, and for that particular reason, this paper portrays the system and framework that deduced the determinants and capacity related to the construction projects, that are carried through an institute, specifically Lahore Development Authority in this case, which helps the reader to understand various factors for that might hinder the determinants and design-build capacity of any construction project. The SEM technique, that has been a part of project management works, is used as a methodological part for this paper to express the cost matter for the construction projects at LDA. Taking a sample size related to the population, preparation of the questionnaire, and their descriptive analysis towards the response of specified population to the questionnaire designed, which will further lead to an answer of that modeling equation, and helps to evaluate the determinants that might hinder or effect the cost of project management.
 
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Hernández Aguilar, Lorenzo, René Croche Belin, Alejandro Sánchez Moreno, and Jesús Antonio Camarillo Montero. "PMI y Lean Construction en el Proceso de Mejora Continua de la Fase de Ejecución de los Proyectos de Edificación." Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar 8, no. 5 (2024): 2657–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i5.13729.
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La presente investigación se centra en la fase de ejecución de los proyectos de edificación con el objetivo de resolver los problemas que presentan sus procesos mediante una metodología que asegura un flujo continuo de actividades y permita cumplir con el costo, tiempo y alcances planteados en el proyecto. El enfoque utilizado es cuantitativo y el método se desarrolla mediante el análisis, adaptación y mejora de los avances más recientes en gestión de proyectos, utilizando y combinando herramientas operadas por el Instituto de Gerencia de Proyectos (PMI) y la filosofía Lean aplicada a la construcción (LC), sometidos a un proceso de mejora continua en combinación con procedimientos y sistemas particulares que cumplan con los estándares de calidad y mejoren su desempeño. Esta metodología se aplica en un estudio de caso a la primera semana de avance y los resultados obtenidos demuestran que es posible cumplir con los objetivos planteados. La investigación permite concluir que su aplicación en cada periodo semanal a través del proceso de mejora continua en forma sistemática garantiza el éxito de la ejecución del proyecto.
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Fickler, S., T. Welsch, and M. Schnellenbach-Held. "Development of High Performance Aerogel Concrete (HPAC) and statistical evaluation of compressive strength for practical use in construction." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (2021): 012196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012196.
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Abstract The Institute for Structural Concrete (ISC) at the University of Duisburg-Essen and the Institute of Materials Research of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) developed a new lightweight concrete, called “High Performance Aerogel Concrete” (HPAC). HPAC is made by embedding of silica aerogel granules in a high strength cement matrix. It exhibits a remarkable relation between compressive strength and thermal conductivity. HPAC for the load bearing layer of double-leaf external walls contains approx. 50 vol% aerogel and has a compressive strength in the range of normal concrete (20 MPa – 30 MPa). Up to now, the compressive strength of each mixture was determined on three to six cubes or cylinders. The scattering of the results has not been investigated yet. For this reason, 30 test specimens of a 50 vol%-mixture have been produced in two batches. The results of the compressive strength tests were then statistically evaluated. The underlying statistical distribution was determined by the Anderson-Darling-Test. Subsequently the 5 % fractile values of the mixtures, which represent the characteristic concrete compressive strength, were determined.
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Nititerapad, Chunyarat, and Tanit Tongthong. "The Practice of Quality Assessment Standard Development for an Architectural Work in Thailand." Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences 49, no. 3 (2022): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.3.11.
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This study explores the quality assessment standards of practice to develop guidelines for high-rise building and housing construction architectural work. An internal wall construction works currently unclear on quality acceptance between involved stakeholders is focused on this research. To achieve this, literature is reviewed on the construction quality assessment systems, the quality assessment guidelines, and the specifications that are currently in place. In this research, a Delphi method is employed to achieve a reliable consensus of subjective judgment and conducted on fifteen purposive experts, who are from the following organizations: Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning, The Engineering Institute of Thailand, The Association of Siamese Architects, private building developers, building construction consultants and building contractors. A semi-structured interview comprised of open-ended questions is conducted in Round 1. Questionnaires are used in Rounds 2 and 3. The findings indicate that criteria of wall inspection, standards and guidelines, measurement methods, and tools should help develop national standards of practice as a pilot guideline for the quality inspection on interior wall work of high-rise buildings in Thailand. These valuable results also lead to new product development for a measurement tool invention in the ongoing research.
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Ufkes, Frances M. "Lean and Mean: US Meat-Packing in an Era of Agro-Industrial Restructuring." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 13, no. 6 (1995): 683–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d130683.
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A new wave of agro-industrialization has taken place in the US pork sector since the mid-1980s, Driven by changes in consumer demand and by restructuring in US meat-packing, agro-industrialization is centered around lean-meat production and involves alterations in genetics, feeding regimes, facilities construction, and management practices ‘down on the farm’, Two main expressions of intensive accumulation in US meat-packing are evident, but the lean-meat imperative is integral to both, There is a movement towards an increased scale and standardization of production as major meat-packing firms develop value-added meats for general consumption. Counter to this is the manufacture of boutique meats by firms that are poised to exploit health and food safety-related challenges to energy-intensive and capital-intensive ‘productivist’ agriculture, In this paper the current thrust of agro-industrialization in the US pork sector is examined in historical perspective, within the rise, decline, and recomposition of the postwar livestock–feed–meat complex. Attention is given to value-based marketing and pricing systems that many meat-packers have recently instituted to insure adequate supplies of lean hogs. In this paper it is argued that value-based pricing results in highly differentiated payments to producers, thus spurring demand by feeder-farmers for an array of new, commercial inputs—lean genetics, partitioning agents, medications—in hopes of refashioning the interior geography of the pig for profit.
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Mistry, Hemendra. "CONSTRUCTION AND TRYOUT OF INCLUSIVE EDUATION TEACHING APTITUDE TEST." International Journal of Scientific Research 7, no. 5 (2018): 805–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13826024.
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Inclusive education has been started since the last decade in India to break isolation from special and general education and the lead role for the successful implementation of the inclusive education would be teacher. Some studies have been reported that many do not have necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes to carry out the work in inclusive setting (Evans & Lunt, 2002 and Forlin, 2001). A majority of training institutes in India provide limited, if any, information about how to teach Children with Special Needs [CwSN]. Without adequate training, teachers may be resistant to the idea of including CwSN in their classrooms (Sharma, Moore & Sonawane, 2009). Looking at the limitations of general teacher education programmes in preparing teachers for IE, selecting persons with aptitude towards teaching in IE can benefit in making the IE successful. Thus an attempt was made to construct such a test that measure aptitude of pre-service teachers. Inclusive Education Teaching Aptitude Test [IETAT] was constructed and tried out on 38 pre-service teachers. This paper presents the construction of IETAT, methodology used and the result obtained through the hypothesis testing.
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Guimarães, Suze Nei Pereira, Fábio Pinto Vieira, and Jorge Luiz dos Santos Gomes. "Tribute to Scientifc Contributions of Vladimir Cermak." International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applications 5, no. 1 (2022): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31214/ijthfa.v5i1.89.
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Dr. Vladimír Čermák is currently one of the well-known research scientists in the field of global Geothermics. Initiated his early works measuring terresttial heat flow, first in Czechoslovakia but later extemnding into various other European countries. At the Geophysical Institute (Prague) he defended his PhD work (1967) and his DrSc thesis (1981). Under broad international cooperation these activities lead to the construction of the first continental scale heat flow map of Europe. Later, he become the Director of the Institute of Geophysics (1990-1998), now of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, where at present serves as Emeritus Professor of Sciences. He is author of more than 300 publications in Geothermics. He is well known for the pioneering works on long-term monitoring of subsurface temperatures in the famous geothermal borehole of Prague since 1990. Systematic monitoring of temperatures in this borehole continues to the present day. He was honoured at the 2015 International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) meeting. The prposed 2022 meeting of the Internatioanl Heat flow Commission – IHFC is named after Vladimir Cermak.
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Mtana, Method, George Mwaluko, and Juma Matindana. "Current and Future Trends of Construction Project Performance Models: A Review." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 42, no. 1 (2023): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v42i1.888.
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The construction industry (CI) has experienced outstanding growth and contributed to economic growth for many countries, with enormous foreign investments that require quality projects. High pressure to reduce the construction cost and time commonly put the industry at risk of lower quality and safety of the construction facilities. Like many other developing countries, Tanzania needs more stringent quality control measures in the construction sector to contribute positively to sustainable growth. This study thus reviews current and future trends in construction industry performance in Tanzania. The literature review on construction projects (CPs) performance is based on information on time overruns from contractors, clients, and consultants of the Tanzanian CIs. Initially, 300 literatures were reviewed and manually screened to about 50 literatures. Results showed that 56% of the 50 reviewed literatures indicate the need to reduce the time overruns in CPs. Further, it was noted that more responsibility in addressing time and cost overrun challenges in the CPs lies on clients, consultants, and contractors. Moreover, planning scheduling factors (PSF) is noted to be the most noteworthy category of factors that greatly influence project performance. In contrast, records and documentation factors (RDF) scored as the second most significant factor in performance in terms of cost overruns. The study, therefore, concludes that contractors, clients, and consultants should have an adequate cash flow plan, properly manage financial resources, advance site management through experts, and institute appropriate planning and scheduling. Thus, these research findings propose factors that lead to time overrun, thus portraying the establishment of robust systems to eliminate time overrun causes.
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Zhang, Hanbin, Min Chen, and Shuiyong Fan. "Study on the Construction of Initial Condition Perturbations for the Regional Ensemble Prediction System of North China." Atmosphere 10, no. 2 (2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020087.
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The regional ensemble prediction system (REPS) of North China is currently under development at the Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, with initial condition perturbations provided by global ensemble dynamical downscaling. To improve the performance of the REPS, a comparison of two initial condition perturbation methods is conducted in this paper: (i) Breeding, which was specifically designed for the REPS, and (ii) Dynamical downscaling. Consecutive tests were implemented to evaluate the performances of both methods in the operational REPS environment. The perturbation characteristics were analyzed, and ensemble forecast verifications were conducted. Furthermore, a heavy precipitation case was investigated. The main conclusions are as follows: the Breeding perturbations were more powerful at small scales, while the downscaling perturbations were more powerful at large scales; the difference between the two perturbation types gradually decreased with the forecast lead time. The downscaling perturbation growth was more remarkable than that of the Breeding perturbations at short forecast lead times, while the perturbation magnitudes of both schemes were similar for long-range forecasts. However, the Breeding perturbations contained more abundant small-scale components than downscaling for the short-range forecasts. The ensemble forecast verification indicated a slightly better downscaling ensemble performance than that of the Breeding ensemble. A precipitation case study indicated that the Breeding ensemble performance was better than that of downscaling, particularly in terms of location and strength of the precipitation forecast.
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Ahn, Jaekwon, Inhwan Yeo, Gyuhwan Cho, and Kyujae Hwang. "Fire Resistance of Steel Composite Beams without Fire Protection." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 5 (2020): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.5.83.
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In this study, the fire resistance of steel composite beams typically used in building structures was investigated through standard fire and loading tests. For the tests, fire-exposure conditions depending on the steel section shape and load ratio applied to the beams were considered as the test parameters. Based on the test results, the applicability of fire design methods for composite beams recommended in current domestic and overseas fire design codes was analyzed. The results indicate that the current temperature-based design method and reduced flexural capacity method specified by the American Institute of Steel Construction may lead to the conservative fire design of steel composite beams owing to the underestimation of the effects of the fire-exposure conditions and load ratios.
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Haripriya, H., Pragya Kumar, Shamshad Ahmad, and H. Haripriya. "IJCM_380A: Shaping Medical Assessment with Expert Consensus: A Theory-Based: Summative Evaluation Blueprint for Community Medicine." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (2024): S109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract380.
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Background: Despite their constraints and failure to adhere to evaluation criteria, conventional written assessment methods are still widely and often used in many medical colleges. The partiality and inclination of the topic setter are apparent. This results in the overrepresentation of certain themes while leaving many others neglected. Every examiner possesses their own bias and tends to construct questions according to their specific areas of expertise. The distribution and arrangement of the questions are still ambiguous for learners. Several authors have suggested comprehensive evaluation frameworks for different levels of cognitive domains. Objective: This study sought to create a theory-based summative evaluation blueprint by involving experts from the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences. Methodology: Twenty-five experts from 10 All India Institutes of Medical Science were invited via email and contributed for summative assessment for a theory paper. Each week, the study lead team sent an online form containing 25 topics. A total of 269 topics were selected to be included in the blueprint development. An Impact and Frequency score was obtained for each topic, with a score between 1 and 3 for both its “Impact (I)” and “Frequency” (F). Results: The overall response rate was 71%. “Principle of epidemiology” (14.7%) had the most weight, followed by “Epidemiology of communicable disease” (13.4%) and “National Health Program” (10%). These three chapters constituted more than one-third of the total weight of the summative assessment (theory). 20 out of 24 (83%) chapters have moderate-to-good interrater reliability. Conclusion: The proposed blueprint will serve as a reference for setting the question paper and will impart objectivity, uniformity, and validity to the construction of the written assessment tool.
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Aterezi, Maro Clement, Bamidele Ibukunolu Olugbemi Dahunsi, and Michael Attah Onugba. "Investigation of the Compressive Strength of Sand-Filled Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles as a Material for Wall Construction." Journal of Engineering Research and Reports 26, no. 2 (2024): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i21084.
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The disposal of plastic wastes in the environment has negatively impacted the environment as plastics are non-biodegradable and contain chemicals that are harmful to humans, animals, plants, and the environment at large. The increased demand for infrastructure across the globe has also resulted in a rapid depletion of natural resources used for the production of construction materials. The need therefore arises for research to proffer solutions that would lead to the better management of plastic wastes, and provide sustainable construction materials. This study evaluated the compressive strength of sand-filled PET bottles (with varying moisture content, 0-15%) and clay bricks incorporating sand-filled PET bottles for wall construction. Cement was used to stabilize the clay at 0%, 10%, and 15% by weight. The compressive strength of the bricks produced was compared with that of control bricks (without sand-filled PET bottles). The results obtained reveal that the compressive strengths of the PET bricks were less than those of the control bricks. An optimum of 2% moisture content of sand is recommended for filling the PET bottles while 15% stabilization of clay with cement is recommended for the production of sand-filled PET bricks. The sand-filled PET bricks can be used for non-load-bearing wall construction as their compressive strengths fall below the minimum requirements of the Nigeria Building and Road Research Institute and the Standards Organization of Nigeria for load-bearing walls.
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Szczepański, Krystian, Katarzyna Bebkiewicz, Zdzisław Chłopek, Hubert Sar, and Dagna Zakrzewska. "Analysis of the National Annual Emission of Pollutants from Road Transport in Poland in the Years 1990–2020." Energies 16, no. 10 (2023): 4083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104083.
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This article presents the official results of the inventory of pollutants in Poland from road transport, developed in the National Centre for Emissions Management of the Institute of Environmental Protection–National Research Institute in Warsaw as part of the reporting of national pollutant emissions. Considerations concern pollutants harmful to the health of living organisms. Source information is available in official reports. The national emission of pollutants covers the years of balancing 1990–2020. The aim of the work is to assess the dynamic properties of the processes of national emission of pollutants. The list of substances whose emission is examined in the article is consistent with the list of substances in accordance with the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme/European Environment Agency (EMEP/EEA) procedure. These are pollutants harmful to the health of living organisms. The inventory of pollutants contributing to the intensification of the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere is carried out as part of separate reports. The energy consumption of road vehicles was presented. The ratio of national annual emissions of pollutants in 2020 and in 1990 is the lowest for sulfur oxides and lead, followed by non-methane volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. The analysis of the national pollutant emission concerned the energy emission factor, which characterizes the ecological level of the accumulated category of road vehicles. This is an original element, not seen before in world literature and official reports of research institutes. An unambiguous trend of decreasing the energy emission factor of pollutants, apart from ammonia, was found, which is related to the use of catalytic flue gas purification systems. This is confirmed by the analysis of the ratio of the energy emission factor in 2020 and 1990, as well as the relative derivative of the energy emission factor in relation to the national annual emission of pollutants.
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Shastin, Anatoly V. "Technopark as an institute for designing the development of the territory." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Economics 21, no. 3 (2023): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/1812-3988.2023.21(3).78-85.
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Technopark is an instrument of territorial development. High tech and highhuman do not function separately, but the article reveals that only together they give the greatest effect. Historically, the purpose of the technopark was the formation of innovative breakthroughs or the development of the territory. However, there is no innovative breakthrough in Russia, despite the investment of significant funds and efforts. The reason for this is insufficient attention to innovations in the humanistic and social spheres, whose task is to develop heuristic searches in a priority field of activity, with great attention to high-tech innovations. There can be two types of technoparks - technological technoparks with appropriate infrastructure and equipment, and social technoparks aimed at providing comfortable living, and conditions for creation of inventions. As a result, there is a homeostat that ensures the sustainability of social and technological technoparks. As a result of harmonious and manageable development, the interests of all parties (territory, population, residents) will be respected. This will lead to an increase in tax revenues and employment rates, an improvement in the quality of life of the population (the number of kindergartens, schools, universities, gathering places for conferences, coworking, comfortable housing will increase, transport infrastructure will develop). Residents will have increased production volumes (there will be high-tech, globally competitive inventions that will be successfully commercialized). After the start of sales, companies will make decisions to develop the business or sell it to a large corporation. Such a model of a technopark (a combination of innovative social and high-tech) allows the most harmonious development of the territory. As a result, there will be a rejection of the "Komsomol construction" method, the territory will be designed for a person as in the technoparks of developed countries (for example, Silicon Valley), and which is still not available in Russia. The only examples so far are Akademgorodok (Novosibirsk) and Innopolis in the Republic of Tatarstan.
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Weston, R. H. "Integration infrastructure requirements for agile manufacturing systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 212, no. 6 (1998): 423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405981515734.
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Current approaches to the design and construction of enterprise systems lead to fixed interdependences between valuable resources. This constrains resource reuse and the agility of systems, often preventing close alignment between system behaviour and business process requirements. This paper describes the important role that software-based integration infrastructures and integration structures can play respectively in supporting and organizing system behaviour in a way that facilitates system extension and change. Also described are different types of reusable software component and their infrastructural needs. These components are likely to become common building blocks of next-generation agile manufacturing systems. The paper illustrates the concepts described by reporting on research in the MSI Research Institute which is producing proof-of-concept agile manufacturing systems in collaboration with UK end user and vendor companies.
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Sapiee, Siti Fairuz, and Hieng Ho Lau. "Influence of Screw Spacing on the Strength of Self-Drilling Screw Connection for the High Strength Cold-Formed Steel." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 1054–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.1054.
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Self-drilling screws are the primary means of fastening for cold-formed steel members in cold-formed thin-gauge steel residential construction because it can drill their own holes and form their own threads. The fabrication of connections is the most labour intensive aspect of the cold-formed thin-gauge steel construction process, thus a better understanding of the behaviour of screw connections could lead to optimum connection design and reducing the cost of the fabrication. The study carried out to investigate the behaviour of single-shear connections using self-drilling screws in the cold-formed steel construction. The focus of this study is on the influence of the number of screws and screw spacing on the strength of self-drilling screw connection. These parameters are varied to determine their influences on the connection strength. The failure load and failure modes were obtained and observed from the tests carried out in the laboratory. Bearing and tilting failures occurred during the testing of these specimens. The predicted connection strengths were calculated using American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) design equations. A total of 24 specimens of single shear test showed that connection strength is linearly proportional to the number of screw in the connection. Results of the specimen with spacing more than 3d show better correlation with the calculated results as compared to specimens with screw spacing less than 3d.
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Budiarto, K., Y. Sulyo, E. Dwi S.N., and R. H. M. Maaswinkel. "EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY AND LEAF DETACHMENT ON CHRYSANTHEMUM GROWN IN TWO TYPES OF PLASTIC HOUSE." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 1 (2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.39-42.
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Chrysanthemum is one of important ornamentals in Indonesia and it ranks in the first quantity of cut flower marketed every year. In most cases, the low productivity is still a constraint for the traditional growers to make production process profitable. Several problems revealed in chrysanthemum production were investigated. The study dealt with the effect of two types of plastic house constructions, irrigation frequency, and leaf detachment on the growth and development of chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted at Segunung, Indonesian Ornamental Plants Research Institute during the dry season of 2005. A nested design with six replications was used. The results showed that plants grown in wood-constructed plastic house had better growth performance and flower quality than those under bamboo plastic house. Longer stem and higher plant fresh weight with more flowers and longer life span were also observed on chrysanthemum irrigated four times per week than those irrigated twice per week. Leaf removal often practiced by the growers is no longer recommended, since the number of leaves on the plant influenced all parameters observed. The more leaves were detached, the more negative impacts on plant growth were found.
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Budiarto, K., Y. Sulyo, E. Dwi S.N., and R. H. M. Maaswinkel. "EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY AND LEAF DETACHMENT ON CHRYSANTHEMUM GROWN IN TWO TYPES OF PLASTIC HOUSE." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 1 (2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.p39-42.
Full textAbstract:
Chrysanthemum is one of important ornamentals in Indonesia and it ranks in the first quantity of cut flower marketed every year. In most cases, the low productivity is still a constraint for the traditional growers to make production process profitable. Several problems revealed in chrysanthemum production were investigated. The study dealt with the effect of two types of plastic house constructions, irrigation frequency, and leaf detachment on the growth and development of chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted at Segunung, Indonesian Ornamental Plants Research Institute during the dry season of 2005. A nested design with six replications was used. The results showed that plants grown in wood-constructed plastic house had better growth performance and flower quality than those under bamboo plastic house. Longer stem and higher plant fresh weight with more flowers and longer life span were also observed on chrysanthemum irrigated four times per week than those irrigated twice per week. Leaf removal often practiced by the growers is no longer recommended, since the number of leaves on the plant influenced all parameters observed. The more leaves were detached, the more negative impacts on plant growth were found.
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Widyana, Maulida Rita, Ayna Jamila Salsabila, and Herry Pragus Yeuyanan. "Environmentalism for Nature to Environmentalism for Profit." PCD Journal 11, no. 1 (2024): 149–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v11i1.7602.
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This research discusses the discourse related to the mining of andesite stone for the construction of the Bener Dam in Purworejo, Central Java, as part of the National Strategic Project. The discourse constructed among actors is highly diverse. The dominant discourse is led by the government, which views the use of the forest for environmentalism for profit, while local residents see the forest as environmentalism for nature. Michel Foucault's discourse theory on the production of knowledge and power underscores the discourses brought forth by the government, the community, and NGOs. Meanwhile, Anja Nygren's concept of environmental discourse complements the various discourses that have emerged. The objective of this research is to observe the dynamics and discourse constructed by pro and contra actors regarding the construction of the Bener Dam. The research utilizes both primary and secondary data, with primary data obtained through direct interviews with sources such as Indonesian Forum for the Environment of Yogyakarta, Community Movement for Environmental Care in Wadas Village (GEMPADEWA), and Legal Aid Institute of Yogyakarta. The conclusion drawn from this research is that the dominant discourse constructed by the government can influence public opinion, especially through negotiations that lead to mutually beneficial agreements.
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Raquel Minian, Ana. "Offshoring Migration Control: Guatemalan Transmigrants and the Construction of Mexico as a Buffer Zone." American Historical Review 125, no. 1 (2020): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz1227.
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Abstract During the late Cold War, the United States and Western European countries offshored migration control to less powerful nations by converting them into buffer zones. Buffer zones had long been used to provide nations with military protection; now they were imagined as protecting nations from migrants by obstructing their movement. This practice had human rights implications. Beginning in the 1970s, the idea flourished that the defense of individual human rights was a transnational mandate that extended beyond the protections granted by particular nation-states. Ironically, the transnational practice of extending migration controls beyond individual nation-states that developed in the 1980s opened the door to increased human rights violations. This essay explores these dynamics by focusing on how, during the 1980s, U.S. officials pressured Mexican authorities to enter into a Faustian bargain that limited Mexico’s sovereign right to determine its immigration practices. U.S. policymakers insisted that they would turn a blind eye to Mexican migration if Mexican officials suppressed Central American migration into and through Mexico. In turn, Mexico’s leaders instituted measures to stop Central Americans from reaching the United States. These measures did not curtail transmigration, but they did lead to widespread violence and human rights abuses.
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Wróbel, Andrzej. "STRAIN GAUGE METHOD OF MEASURING STRESS IN LABORATORY MODEL TO TEST SUBASSEMBLIES AND ASSEMBLIES NECESSARY FOR INNOVATIVE DESIGNS OF WAGONS." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 159, no. 1 (2011): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.2939.
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This article presents the method and way of measuring strain gauge in a laboratory model of a wall of a railway wagon. The article is the first step in the research leading to confirming the possibility of using composite materials as construction materials of assemblies and subassemblies of wagons. The subject of the research is a wall of a wagon made of standard materials.As part of future research, replacing selected elements with composite materials such as glass fibres, carbon fibres and others is proposed. Such action can lead to lowering the weight of a single wagon, resulting in reducing the weight of the whole set of wagons.The results presented are part of the research conducted at the Institute of Process Technology and Integrated Manufacturing Systems of Silesian University within the research and development project with registration number PBR-8/RMT-2/2009.
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I.S., Podymov, and Podymova T.M. "SEISMODYNAMICS OF THE EARTH PLANET DURING DIFFERENT TIME INTERVALS." ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ 2022. 9-1(21) (October 17, 2022): 141–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7216462.
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The article is devoted to the study of variations in the seismodynamics of the planet Earth at different time intervals and search for cause-and-effect relationships that explain the regularity of their manifestation. The variation of seismic anomalies for the annual interval, as well as are considered the dynamics of global anomalies for 17-years. The hypothesis for cyclically of annual seismic instability presented. The calculated mathematical model for anomalies with a long-time interval of cyclically showed, if no changes occur at the planet, by 2050 the seismic activity of Earth would increase by almost 200 times. It will inevitably lead to various catastrophes on a global scale. The materials of the European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (seismic data) and the Institute of Oceanology (meteorological data and radiological situation data) were using for the analysis and construction of models.
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Xie, Bingjing, and Guang Yu. "Practice and Exploration of Think Tanks Construction in China "Double First Class" Universities with Industry Characteristics — A Case Study on China University of Geosciences, Beijing." Modern Economics & Management Forum 3, no. 3 (2022): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/memf.v3i3.812.
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Today's world is facing profound changes unseen in a century. New Think Tanks with Chinese characteristics are playing an important role in promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity, and the construction has achieved remarkable results. However, there is still more room for the development of Chinese university think tanks, especially those with industry characteristics. Education is an important cornerstone for national rejuvenation and social progress. The construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines should meet the major strategic needs of the country, the main battlefield of the economy and society, and the frontiers of science and technology development. The connotation construction of colleges and universities should strengthen the close integration of academic exploration and serving the needs of the country. In the process of building new-type Think Tanks with Chinese characteristics, "Double First Class" Universities with industry characteristics should adhere to the principles of focusing on national needs, give play to their characteristics, innovate systems and mechanisms, and lead the development of the industry. China University of Geosciences, Beijing, is actively building the new-type university Think Tank with Chinese characteristics in the first round of "Double First Class" construction cycle. Relying on the two first-class disciplines of geology, geological resources and geological engineering, it takes the interdisciplinary integration as the starting point, and conducts Think Tank research in the field of natural resources around three centers, two forums, and one report. The construction of the Natural Resources Strategic Development Institute helps to explore how to achieve the goal of building a world-class university in the field of earth science while serving the major needs of the country and the industry.
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Yu, Tao, Jianguo Zhang, Jingsheng Cao, Xuena Ma, Wenyue Li, and Gengbin Yang. "Hub Gene Mining and Co-Expression Network Construction of Low-Temperature Response in Maize of Seedling by WGCNA." Genes 14, no. 8 (2023): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14081598.
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Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is a research method in systematic biology. It is widely used to identify gene modules related to target traits in multi-sample transcriptome data. In order to further explore the molecular mechanism of maize response to low-temperature stress at the seedling stage, B144 (cold stress tolerant) and Q319 (cold stress sensitive) provided by the Maize Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences were used as experimental materials, and both inbred lines were treated with 5 °C for 0 h, 12 h, and 24 h, with the untreated material as a control. Eighteen leaf samples were used for transcriptome sequencing, with three biological replicates. Based on the above transcriptome data, co-expression networks of weighted genes associated with low-temperature-tolerance traits were constructed by WGCNA. Twelve gene modules significantly related to low-temperature tolerance at the seedling stage were obtained, and a number of hub genes involved in low-temperature stress regulation pathways were discovered from the four modules with the highest correlation with target traits. These results provide clues for further study on the molecular genetic mechanisms of low-temperature tolerance in maize at the seedling stage.
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Karapetyan, M. A., S. K. Toygambayev, and Kh A. Abdulmazhidov. "Experimental studies of slope stability of reclamation drainage channels." Prirodoobustrojstvo, no. 4 (2024): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2024-4-52-57.
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The article presents the results of experimental studies of the stability of slopes of reclamation channels. Experimental studies were carried out on the Grand Channel of the Laboratory of Sprinkler Machines and Hydraulic Drive of the Department of Organization and Technologies of Irrigation and Reclamation and Construction Works of the Institute of Land Reclamation, Water Management and Construction named after A.N. Kostyakov. The work of the reclamation drainage system is accompanied by the appearance of sediments, siltation of herbaceous and shrubby vegetation at the bottom and slopes of the channel. For the normal functioning of the reclamation drainage system, it is necessary to maintain the design dimensions of the channels during the entire period of their operation. To clean drainage channels, special channel cleaning machines of periodic or continuous action on caterpillar or pneumatic wheels are used, and general construction excavators with widened buckets are also often used. The operation of all these machines with a large operating weight has a peculiarity, which consists in their movement in the process of cleaning along the channel along the berm sections close to the edge. Such a situation can lead to a violation of the stability of the slopes, which in turn disrupts the capacity of the channel bed and its design geometric dimensions. The study of slope instability from the loads of channel cleaning machines allows you to correctly design the channel section and form a cleaning technology.
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Oh Kim, Jeong, Min Woo Park, Woo Seung Jo, and Ki Seok Choi. "The framework of user information protection via secure SSO and PKI." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.13850.
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Background/Objectives: There has been a necessity of a new system to protect and share user information with cooperative research institutes and manage subjects for managing and providing national R&D information.Methods/Statistical analysis: The National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS) used the SSO API to share user information with cooperative research institutes safely. The API included minimum information only to prevent personal information such as user ID and authorization code from being leaked and observed related laws. For the authorization and management of user information targeted to open R&D information, moreover, 2-stage authentication has been established, using the certificate authentication system.Findings: Since information is collected and provided in diverse manners by multiple institutes, user information has been scattered, and there has been a risk of the leak of personal information. With the centralized collection and management of user information, however, the protection of personal information and observance of laws have become more convenient. Furthermore, the information is provided to the authorized managers only through the construction of a security system and utilization of access control system, and security has been secured. To make users utilize information properly at access to raw data, authorization procedures were strengthened, keeping national R&D information and users more reliable.Improvements/Applications: Through this framework, secure information-sharing & management systems were applied, improving the safety of information management.
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Yujing, Bu. "СHINESE-SOVIET COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF ARCHITECTURE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF HARBIN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY)". Вестник Восточно-Сибирского государственного института культуры 132 (23 грудня 2024): 60–72. https://doi.org/10.31443/2541-8874-2024-4-32-60-72.
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The study considers a unique example of the Chinese-Soviet coopera-tion in the field of architecture − the main academic building of Harbin poly-technic institute built in the 1950s. The prerequisites for the construction and design conception as well as the description of the brief fate of the architect Pyotr Sergeevich Sviridov (1889-1971), who built that building, are given. The architectural details and artistic features of the buildings of Moscow and Har-bin universities are compared. The artistic characteristics emphasize solemnity, simplicity, and functionality. The author analyzes a striking example of the Stalinist classicist style in the People’s Republic of China, emphasizes its im-portant role in the development of the university buildings’ construction and contribution to urban culture. The relevance and novelty of the undertaken re-search approach are in comparing the architecture of the buildings of the lead-ing universities of Moscow and Harbin, as well as in the suggestions in the conclusion which are connected with preservation of the Stalinist classicism heritage in Harbin aimed at ensuring effective protection of the historical buildings. Through the comprehensive presentation and analysis the unique value and significance of the main academic building of Harbin polytechnic university as a symbol of the Chinese-Soviet cooperation are demonstrated.
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Hallas-Murula, Karin. "Eižens Habermanis (1884–1944) un Herberts Johansons (1884–1964) – no studijām Rīgas Politehniskajā institūtā līdz Igaunijas arhitektūras virsotnēm." Inženierzinātņu un augstskolu vēsture 6 (September 26, 2022): 34–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/iav.2022.003.
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Graduates from Riga Polytechnic Institute Eugen Habermann (1884–1944) and Herbert Johanson (1884–1964) became the most active architects in Estonia of the 1920s and 1930s. E. Habermann was the city planning architect of Tallinn (1914–1923), the same time he headed the Construction Board of the Ministry of the Interior (1919–1923). H. Johanson lead the Tallinn city architect’s project bureau (1924–1944). From 1935, he also run the Tallinn municipal architecture office. Both architects were the founders of the Estonian Association of Architects (1921) and its chairmen, E. Habermann from 1921 to 1936, H. Johanson in the 1930s. The extensive list of E. Habermann’s and H. Johanson’s works consists around 200 projects, covering nearly all typologies of buildings. The article, using quotes from their fellows’ memories, characterises E. Habermann and H. Johanson as persons, and brings out the main features and stylistic development of their architecture.
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Adolfo, Gustavo. "Construction of environmental knowledge by applying project-based learning with students from the El Corazón educational institution." MOJ Biology and Medicine 9, no. 1 (2024): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojbm.2024.09.00214.
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Currently it is possible to affirm that the work of a professor is not easy, a reason that should lead us to value our work, but being a professor is not just a job, it is a vocation, a profession and an art, a vocation that has no meaning in it. that one must be aware that the work of a teacher contributes to the training of two students on a physical, mental, intellectual, social and cultural level; A profession that has its own knowledge of a specific area of knowledge, strategies, teaching methods and art, once one must be very creative to teach, motivate different people who have different expectations, with different styles and rhythms of learning, Therefore, we must "think not as an artistic gesture" opening spaces for the cultural, linguistic, cognitive, social, artistic dimension in the development and training of students, reinforcing their knowledge, emancipating their motivations and supporting their dreams. For all the reasons mentioned above, this research aims to build environmental knowledge through the application of project-based learning (PBL) with students of the El Corazón Educational Institute, in which it was verified that this type of learning provides strategies for the identification and solution of problems , creates competencies of knowledge of discipline, development of critical thinking, autonomous learning, integration between student-teacher and, above all, the ability to integrate acquired knowledge into everyday life.
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London, Kerry Anne, Tanya Meade, and Craig McLachlan. "Healthier Construction: Conceptualising Transformation of Mental Health Outcomes through an Integrated Supply Chain Model." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159460.
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The construction industry is undoubtedly one of the most significant global sectors that contributes to sustainable development across physical, social, environmental and economic objectives. Globally the value of the construction industry is USD 10 trillion annually. The robustness of the sector is in serious question with a crisis in mental health. The rebuilding of economies is often led by significant capital works programs and therefore in response to the global pandemic, it is anticipated that this problem will only be exacerbated. The construction sector has a unique project-based structure of numerous intersecting subsectors, which influence the behaviours and culminate in highly demanding work environments on a project-by-project basis. We propose that to institute transformational change to the mental health problem, we need to challenge current problematisations towards presenting a new conceptual framework. The aim of this paper is to analyse the industrial organisation and the structural and behavioural context of the industry and propose a new approach to understanding interactions at multiple levels in relation to root causes of the mental health problem. Aligned to the UN SDG that we are to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all, this paper responds to high rates of depression, anxiety and suicide in the construction industry. There is a need to generate new knowledge about the interactions between multi project supply chain, construction project supply chain environment and construction supply chain performance in relation to mental health outcomes. Literature indicates that there is a wealth of research on stressors, coping and interventions at an individual level, however very little from an ‘insider’ construction management perspective which contextualise mental health outcomes with the environmental stressors. Coupled with this, past research designs predominantly utilised quantitative approaches reliant on questionnaires. We critique past problematisations of the mental health problem and show how it has been represented to enable the development of a reframed conceptualisation. There is a need to identify contextual evidence-based stressors throughout the construction project supply chain. We present a transformational change model integrating construction industry specific context knowledge with psychosocial expertise to improve workers’ mental health. Future research could lead to outcomes including recommendations and guidelines to engage management actors who can influence positive change through preventative strategies leading to effective and measurable mental health and project performance improvements.
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ML*, Arushanov, and Eshmuratova GSH. "Dynamic-Stochastic Model for Atmospheric Drought Forecasting in Uzbekistan." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 5, no. 8 (2024): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1969.
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This paper presents a one-month lead-time predictive model of atmospheric drought developed at the Scientific Research Hydrometeorological Institute. The model is based on a dynamic-stochastic approach to constructing a regression predictive equation. From the set of existing methods for constructing regression equations, the method based on the characteristic roots (eigenvalues) of the correlation matrix, including the predict and column and predictor columns (extended matrix) was applied. The standardized drought index SPI serves as the predict and, while the predictors are the average monthly precipitation for the 3 months preceding the forecast month, the average monthly value of variations in solar activity (Wolf numbers) and the average monthly value of the Southern Oscillation index for the month preceding the forecast. The predictors were selected based on mutual correlation and applied time series analyses between the aridity index SPI and the indicated heliogeophysical values. The performed estimates of the investigated dependence of the aridity index SPI on the state of solar activity, the influence of El Niño (La Niña) and precipitation preceding the forecast date showed their high correlation. Estimates of the accuracy of the SPI forecast with a monthly advance lead time for the territory of Uzbekistan, performed on an independent sample, were quite high, which was the basis for the introduction of this model into the operational work of the hydrometeorological service of Uzbekistan (Uzhydromet).
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Jadidi, Kazem, Morteza Esmaeili, Mehdi Kalantari, Mehdi Khalili, and Moses Karakouzian. "A Review of Different Aspects of Applying Asphalt and Bituminous Mixes under a Railway Track." Materials 14, no. 1 (2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010169.
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Asphalt is a common material that is used extensively for roadways. Furthermore, bituminous mixes have been used in railways, both as asphalt and as mortar. Different agencies and research institutes have investigated and suggested various applications. These studies indicate the benefits of bituminous material under railways, such as improving a substructure’s stiffness and bearing capacity; enhancing its dynamic characteristics and response, especially under high-speed train loads; waterproofing the subgrade; protecting the top layers against fine contamination. These potential applications can improve the overall track structure performance and lead to minimizing settlement under heavy loads. They can also guarantee an appropriate response under high-speed loads, especially in comparison to a rigid slab track. This review paper documents the literature related to the utilization of asphalt and bituminous mixes in railway tracks. This paper presents a critical review of the research in the application of asphalt and bituminous mixes in railway tracks. Additionally, this paper reviews the design and construction recommendations and procedures for asphalt and bituminous mixes in railway tracks as practiced in different countries. This paper also provides case studies of projects where asphalt and bituminous mixes have been utilized in railway tracks. It is anticipated that this review paper will facilitate (1) the exchange of ideas and innovations in the area of the design and construction of railway tracks and (2) the development of unified standards for the design and construction of railway tracks with asphalt and bituminous mixtures.