Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mechanical composition of soil

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Academic literature on the topic 'Mechanical composition of soil'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Mechanical composition of soil"

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H.A., Rayimberdiev, Eshonkulov M.A., Kholboev B., Raxmonov I., and Mirsharipova G. "Mechanical composition and properties of irrigated soils of syrdarya region." American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 5, no. 3 (2025): 9–13. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/volume05issue03-03.

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The article presents the main soil types in the region and their distribution by mechanical composition. It also presents methods for determining the mechanical composition of the region's soils and the results of the analysis of the mechanical composition of the soil by fractionation
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Manafova, F. "Composition and Structure of Soils of the Gobustan Massif." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 6 (2024): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/103/14.

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Gobustan district is located in the eastern part of Shamakhi, 101 km from Baku. The relief is abrasion rocky. The soil cover here is varied. In the eastern part of Gobustan, gray brown Solonetz soils are common, in the north-west — gray-brown soils. Soil samples were taken, and individual types of soil cover structures were determined. The discovered soil structures are mainly tree-like in nature. Mechanical analysis data show that the upper arable and subarable horizons of these soils, 0-40 and 0-50 cm deep, are characterized by a clayey-heavy loamy mechanical composition. However, in the upper horizons of these soils the content of physical clay is relatively less and amounts to 46.1-52.8%, and the amount of silt particles does not exceed 22.2-28.4%.
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Salimova, Hilola, and Hafiza Artikova. "Mechanical composition and physical properties of irrigated soils of the gijduvan district of Bukhara region." E3S Web of Conferences 549 (2024): 03027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454903027.

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The mechanical composition and physical properties of soils in irrigated agriculture in the Gijduvan district of Bukhara region were studied. In the Hamid Olimjon district (Sarmijon) area, Omad farm soil pits (sections) were dug on the contour 576. In the Gulistan district, the contours of the Shukur Tokhta farm 282-283 and the contour 648 of the Hasan Rajabi farm of the Gijduvan region, and the mechanical composition and physical properties of the soil were analyzed from the samples taken. made the mechanical composition of the soil is light, medium and heavy sand, porosity is considered unsatisfactory.
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Onay, T., A. Zandybai, and A. Kydyrova. "Granulometric composition of Astana's soil." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Chemistry. Geography. Ecology Series 151, no. 2 (2025): 255–69. https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2025-151-2-255-269.

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Understanding the granulometric composition of urban soil is essential for assessing pollution levels and managing soil resources effectively. The particle-size distribution of soil significantly affects the movement and accumulation of pollutants, water infiltration, chemical interactions, and biological processes, including microbial activity and nutrient cycling. This study investigated the mechanical composition of soils in Astana by collecting samples from 60 sites across various administrative districts, including Esil, Baikonur, Almaty, Saryarka, and Nura. The analysis showed that heavy loamy soils dominate throughout the city. The average clay content in the soil samples was 44.9% in Esil, 45.7% in Baikonur, 45.0% in Almaty, 42.6% in Saryarka, and 45.4% in Nura. These types of soils are beneficial for agricultural and landscaping purposes because they retain moisture and nutrients well. However, they also have limitations, such as a higher susceptibility to erosion, anthropogenic contamination, and reduced permeability under dry conditions, which may affect vegetation growth. Given these challenges, proper management strategies are needed to protect urban soils from degradation and ensure long-term functionality. The results of this research provide valuable data for environmental zoning and decision-making. They can support sustainable land use planning, pollution prevention, and long-term soil quality monitoring in Astana, contributing to the city’s ecological safety, resilience, and green infrastructure development.
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Urazbaev, I. U., and N. K. Masharipov. "Fundamental Scale of Evaluation of Productivity of Irrigated Gray-Meadow Soils which are Appointed for Growing Melon Crops." Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Sciences 36, no. 1 (2021): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/alinteri/v36i1/ajas21038.

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In the following article, the basic scale for assessing the fertility of irrigated gray-meadow soils planted with melons is based on the mechanical composition of the soil. The mechanical composition of the soil correlation coefficient between the yields of melons and gourds was 0.88 for watermelon, 0.89 for melon and 0.88 for pumpkin. Accordingly, light sandy soils for ground watermelon and squash were rated as productive with a score of 100 points, heavy sandy soils with a score of 85 points for watermelon and 75 points for pumpkin. For the melon crop, medium sandy soil was rated at 100 points, heavy sandy soil at 90 points, and light sandy soil at 75 points.
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Kholboev, Bakhrom E., Norboy B. Japakov, Ikrom A. Rakhmonov, Mamur M. Akhunboboyev, and Muzaffar Oblokhlov. "Formation, morphology and mechanical composition of meadow-alluvial soils in the Jizzakh desert." BIO Web of Conferences 105 (2024): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410505001.

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This paper explores the origins, formation processes, properties, and characteristics of meadow-alluvial soils found in the Jizzakh desert, as well as their morphological structure. The article delves into the role of soil-forming factors, the conditions of their formation, and the significance of parent rocks and deposits in shaping the mechanical structure of the soil. The granulometric composition of meadow-alluvial soils, including the quantity of dust and clay particles and the total amount of microaggregates, is examined. The mechanical composition of arable and sub-arable soils is described, along with the lithological structure and structural composition of the salt profile.
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Salimova, Hilola, and Hafiza Artikova. "Determination of the mechanical composition and salinity of the Bukhara Gijduvan district of the Bukhara region." E3S Web of Conferences 389 (2023): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338904012.

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In the article, the mechanical composition and type and level of salinity of meadow-alluvial soils of Gijduvan district of Bukhara region were determined. According to the obtained data, this type of soil is mostly non-saline, salinity is found in the layer below 1 meter. The mechanical composition is moderate in the driving layer, but heavy in the lower layers. In different soil-climatic conditions of our republic, including determining the general properties of irrigated soils of Gijduvon district of Bukhara region, determining the state of land reclamation, reducing the effects of degradation processes occurring in oasis soils, maintaining, increasing and protecting soil fertility, and carrying out research on effective use of land going is important. The reclamation condition of Bukhara oasis soils, their mechanical composition, their origin and causes of formation, the reclamation condition of meadow alluvial soils with different levels of salinity, the melioration condition of the soils of the meadow alluvial soils are noted to be better than that of other meadow alluvial soils. The change in the composition of the absorption complex of saline soils and the increase in the share of sodium and magnesium cations in it is due to the movement of salts in the Aral Sea with the help of the wind. It is necessary to take into account not only the mechanical composition of the soil, the level of salinity, but also the type and chemistry of salinity in salt washing. It is highlighted that special agrotechnical activities are carried out on these soils.
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Trautvain, Anna I., Evgeniy A. Yakovlev, and Anatoly M. Gridchin. "Analysis of the Effectiveness of the New Generation of Additives in Improving Physical and Mechanical Properties of Highway Subgrades." Materials Science Forum 1017 (January 2021): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1017.101.

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At present, the introduction of only organic or inorganic binder is not always sufficient for the practical application of stabilized soils. The research investigated the effect of the stabilizing additives Chimston, Baustab and Dorstab on changing a number of parameters over time, such as: average density, water saturation, ultimate compression and tensile strength, and frost resistance. All the researched parameters were determined at intermediate and target age — 7, 14 and 28 days respectively. Tests to assess the effectiveness of various stabilizing additives in strengthening loamy soil have shown the feasibility of using Baustab and Chimston-3 additives (in the dosage of 2%). Introduction of additives into the soil composition allowed obtaining soil with high strength characteristics and higher frost resistance as compared to the control composition. Composition No.2 has the compressive strength of 5.1 MPa and the tensile strength of 1.6 MPa. Composition No.7 has the limit of compression strength of 5.4 MPa, and the limit of tensile strength of 1.27 MPa. Thus, both compositions have the strength grade M40. Such soil will be subject to minimal subsidence and loss of strength.
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Trautvain, Anna I., Evgeniy A. Yakovlev, and Anatoly M. Gridchin. "Analysis of the Effectiveness of the New Generation of Additives in Improving Physical and Mechanical Properties of Highway Subgrades." Materials Science Forum 1017 (January 2021): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1017.101.

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At present, the introduction of only organic or inorganic binder is not always sufficient for the practical application of stabilized soils. The research investigated the effect of the stabilizing additives Chimston, Baustab and Dorstab on changing a number of parameters over time, such as: average density, water saturation, ultimate compression and tensile strength, and frost resistance. All the researched parameters were determined at intermediate and target age — 7, 14 and 28 days respectively. Tests to assess the effectiveness of various stabilizing additives in strengthening loamy soil have shown the feasibility of using Baustab and Chimston-3 additives (in the dosage of 2%). Introduction of additives into the soil composition allowed obtaining soil with high strength characteristics and higher frost resistance as compared to the control composition. Composition No.2 has the compressive strength of 5.1 MPa and the tensile strength of 1.6 MPa. Composition No.7 has the limit of compression strength of 5.4 MPa, and the limit of tensile strength of 1.27 MPa. Thus, both compositions have the strength grade M40. Such soil will be subject to minimal subsidence and loss of strength.
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Abdurakhmanov, Nodirjon, O‘lmasboy Sobitov, Sherali Mansurov, et al. "Agrochemical properties of gray-pasture soils under irrigation of mirzachol oasis." BIO Web of Conferences 141 (2024): 02002. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414102002.

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This article presents the results of research conducted in the irrigated lands of the Mirzachol oasis, including information on the amounts of total and mobile shales of humus and nutrients in different degrees of plastered grassland soils. Changes in the amount of nutrients depending on the mechanical composition of the soil, i.e., when the nutrients in the soils with heavy mechanical composition are compared with the soils with light mechanical composition, it is shown that the amount of nutrients is higher in the relatively mechanical composition of heavy soils. The relatively low supply of humus and nutrients in the composition of gray-meadow soils is explained by the poor agro-physical and water-physical properties of plastered soils. Based on FAO data, the total area of gypsum soils in the world is presented and they are divided into groups according to the degree of gypsum. Opinions of various scientists and experts on the formation of gypsum in the lands of Mirzachol oasis, chemical properties of soils and soil reclamation conditions are presented. General and mobile forms of humus and nutrient elements in unplastered, weakly and moderately plastered soils were analyzed in detail. Recommendations aimed at improving the agrochemical condition of the studied soils, restoring and increasing their productivity are given.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mechanical composition of soil"

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Khairnar, Kaushal. "Effect of different organic amendments on soil quality, vines growth, grape production and wine quality of mechanically pruned vineyards." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8632.

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Mestrado Vinifera EuroMaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia<br>The experiment with an aim to study the effect of pruning types and effect of different types of organic amendments on soil quality, vine growth, grape production and wine quality was conducted in two sites located in Vilar and Sardoal region of Portugal. The pruning treatments included manual spur (MAN) and mechanical hedge (MEC) type of pruning and types of organic amendments applied were biochar (BIOC), municipal solid waste compost (RSUC), cattle manure (ESTR), sewage sludge (ETAR) and control treatment (TEST). The treatment effects were analyzed for chemical composition, mineral content and heavy metals content and sensorial analysis of wine samples. The analysis results show that there was no significant effect of type of pruning on wine composition except pH, total acidity, alcohol content, calcium and total nitrogen content of wine sample. Similar trend was also followed with the application of organic amendments; the composition of wine remained unchanged by the use of organic amendments except some effect on pH, total acidity, volatile acidity, total anthocyanins and potassium content of wine samples. There was no significant increase in the heavy metals content of wine samples after the treatment of organic amendment. The manual pruning generally showed higher content compared to mechanical pruning due to less number of bunches retained per shoots. Wine composition was more influenced by the site specific characters and climatic conditions than the effect of treatment applied. Sensory analysis along with chemical analysis shows that mechanical pruning can be used without having much significant effect on grape composition when sufficient yield compensation is achieved. Treatment which supplied higher amount of nitrogen (ETAR and ESTR) was generally marked by more negative sensory perception such as vegetal characters in wine. On the face of climate change and increased competitive pressure use of mechanical pruning can be good strategy to reduce the cost of grape production and organic amendment can be applied to soil with an aim of increasing organic matter contents of soil. But the care should be taken to avoid excessive supply of nitrogen in order to avoid negative effect on wine composition over longer period of time. So the supply of amendment should be managed according to vine and soil nutritional status
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Tejero, Páramo Miguel. "Agronomical effects of mechanical box pruning in cv. Merlot at central area of Spain." Master's thesis, ISA, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14807.

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Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Institut National D' Etudes Superieures Agronomiques de Montpellier<br>Introduction: Global warming, economic crisis and globalization are the three pillars which are altering the world in all the domains. In viticulture, a shortening of the grapevine phenology and an imbalance sugars/acidity derived from the new climatic conditions are forcing a reshuffle of the way of working in the field, in a more productive and sustainable with better quality. For that reason new pruning techniques have been developed in a way to adapt grapevines to the new conditions. Mechanical Box pruning has been proposed as promising alternative to implement in Mediterranean regions as a way to compensate the shortening of the phenology. Material and methods: Trials have been carried out in central region of Spain, working with irrigated vines of Vitis vinifera L. cv Merlot trained in vertical shoot positioning bilateral cordon system. Three pruning treatments were tested: T1 and T2 were traditional two-bud spur, and T3 Box pruning, with no lateral shoot or sucker removal in T2 and T3. Yield and ripeness parameters same as must phenolic composition (Glories method) were analyzed from early veraison until harvest. Results and discussion: T3 vines showed higher yields compared to T2 and T1 reaching 28t/ha; 20t/ha and 12t/ha respectively. Higher canopy soil shade was also detected in T3 suggesting greater canopies and photosynthetic activity. Water efficiency was also higher in box pruning compared to manual pruning. No significant differences were detected at harvest concerning berry weight and must yield per berry. A delay in ripeness in T3 was clearly observed specially in TSS. Must composition showed differences at harvest in ph, TA and TSS between treatments being lower in T3 compared to manual pruning but all of them kept up in normal quality ranges. No differences were observed concerning phenolic composition, TPI or anthocyanins extractability. Conclusions: Box pruned vines show a higher productive behavior in a more economic and sustainable way with not big differences in terms of berry size or must quality, representing a valid alternative to produce higher yields with similar quality as the traditional spur pruning being well adapted to the new climatic and economic implications worldwide. Legislation should be adapted to new conditions and techniques making easier the implementation of new alternative methods.<br>N/A
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Orwin, K. H. "Soil microbial stability and function : the role of diversity, composition and soil resources." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6810.

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Soil microbial function and stability may affect many other ecosystem functions, including soil carbon storage, nutrient cycling and plant productivity. However, the drivers of soil microbial stability itself are little understood. This thesis therefore aimed to develop a method and indices capable of quantifying soil microbial stability in terms of the resistance (amount of change caused by a disturbance), and resilience (rate of recovery) of the soil microbial community to a model disturbance, and to determine the role of three potential drivers of soil microbial function arid stability: diversity, composition and soil resources. Initially, soil microbial stability and soil resources were measured during three chronosequences to assess whether stability changes in a natural environment and whether resources are an important driver of these changes. Although soil resources were frequently related to resistance and resilience, the direction and strength of correlations depended on the response variable and chronosequence considered. This suggested a factor related to soil resources, which varied across chronosequences, was a stronger driver of soil microbial stability than resources themselves. Two potential factors were plant species composition and diversity. A glasshouse experiment that tested these factors was harvested at 4 times throughout a 16-month period. Plant species composition, but not diversity, proved to be a strong driver of soil microbial function and stability. As different plant species may alter soil microbial function and stability by depositing different carbon substrates, a further experiment manipulated the composition and diversity of carbon substrates added to a base soil. The composition, and sometimes the diversity, of added substrates affected the soil microbial community, its function and stability. Diversity effects saturated at low levels and depended on which substrates were added. The overall conclusion from this set of experiments was that the strongest drivers of soil microbial function and stability seemed to be the composition of plant and soil microbial communities as well as soil resources.
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Keeling, William G. "Effects of soil texture, soil depth, and treatment on septic tank effluent renovation." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06082009-171000/.

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Ayala, Hugo M. (Hugo Mario). "Soil ingestion by elastomeric seals." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46270.

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Thesis (Sc.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-160).<br>Studies of elastomeric seal failure have until recently focused on the erosion of the sealing interface. This has limited the improvements in seal life to the application of wear-resistant materials. The present work shows that three stages of particle ingestion precede seal erosion, and that seals designed to interfere with each stage exhibit substantially longer operational life. The three stages of failure preceding seal erosion are as follows. The first stage occurs when small soil particles creep into the contact gap. These particles are so small (< 0.1 microns) that they accumulate in the surface valleys of the seal without damaging it. The second stage occurs as the shearing motion of the seal pushes the increasing number of entering particles against each other and short-range forces bind the particles into clusters. As more particles enter the seal, the clusters grow in size. Eventually, the clusters become so large that they no longer fit in the surface valleys of the seal. The third stage occurs when the clusters start rolling between the seal and its mating surface. The rolling pushes clusters further into the contact band until they fall freely into the oil. It is at this point that material erosion becomes the rate-limiting mechanism leading to failure. This work contains a description of the apparatus and techniques used in investigating seal failure; results of test for various seal lip designs, material composition, and operating parameters; images showing results the oil-film thickness measurements by means of laser-induced fluorescent; and estimates of contact pressure by finite-element simulations.<br>by Hugo Mario Ayala.<br>Sc.D.
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Hamuda, Salah Saed. "The relation between soil composition and its thermal characteristics." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514996.

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Nel, Jacques A. "Vegetation and microbial determinants of soil carbon isotopic composition." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28072.

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Typically, soil δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values tend to increase with depth across a wide range of ecosystems. Changes in δ¹³C with depth have been attributed to vegetation changes (i.e. C₃/C₄ shifts), but the similarity in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N profiles suggest that microbial decomposition may play an important role. The determinants of soil δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N, however, are complex and microbial decomposition and vegetation shifts are not the only mechanisms that drive the fractionation of the isotopes with depth. We explored the utility of using δ¹³C as a proxy for vegetation change by considering alternative mechanisms for the changes in soil δ¹³C with depth. These alternate mechanisms may weaken the interpretation of soil δ¹³C as an indicator of vegetation change if the measured δ¹³C changes are small. We hypothesized that: (1) if soil-related processes such as mineralization and dark CO₂-fixation by microbes and roots contribute significantly to the δ¹³C signature of bulk soil at depth, one cannot simply determine whether the δ¹³C value of the soil at depth is indicative of a past vegetation assemblies (i.e. C₃/C₄ transitions); (2) changes in soil δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values are linked through common microbially mediated decomposition-related processes; (3) anaplerotic CO₂ fixation by microbes and roots may contribute significantly to soil δ¹³C values, while N₂-fixation may contribute to soil δ¹⁵N values with depth. Microbial processing of SOM during decomposition leads to ¹³C-enrichement of SOM with depth and has been modelled using a Rayleigh distillation process. Anaplerotic fixation of soil CO₂ is, however, known to occur in microbes and roots and we suggest that this has a role in determining soil SOM δ¹³C values through cumulative incorporation of bulk atmosphere CO₂ into SOM. These processes vary greatly between soils and environments. The correspondence between soil δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N was assessed by compiling data from soil depth profiles from widely distributed sites and conducting an analysis of global δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N variations in surface soils in order to determine relationships between soil isotopes and with climate and soil properties. Strong positive correlations between δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values through soil profiles were found at a number of sites and were found to be independent of vegetation type. Globally, soil δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values were also found to be significantly positively correlated across a wide range of climates and biomes. The global correspondences between δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values may suggest a mechanistic link between δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N through the process of SOM decomposition and microbial processing. Anaplerotic CO₂ fixation by soil microbes and roots was assessed using soils from 10 sites across South Africa differing in soil properties and incubated in the dark for 3 d under continuous exposure to ¹³CO₂- and ¹⁵N₂-enriched atmospheres with varying soil moisture (10, 50 and 100% of field capacity) and temperature (4, 25, 40°C). There was no evidence of significant N₂ fixation in any treatment. Significant soil anaplerotic CO₂ fixation, however, occurred in all soils. Highest rates of anaplerotic CO₂ fixation occurred in soils at 50% field capacity and 25°C, suggesting a link with microbial biotic activity. Soils with low C and N concentrations and low C:N ratios exhibited the highest rates of CO₂ fixation in soils, indicating a link between anaplerotic CO₂ fixation rates and soil nutrient status. The higher rates of CO₂ fixation in soils with low nutrients may indicate that soil microbes rely increasingly on anaplerotic fixation as SOM-N declines, forcing greater reliance on de novo amino acid synthesis, and thus anaplerotic CO₂ fixation. The ubiquitous occurrence of anaplerotic ¹³CO₂ fixation in these soils indicates that anaplerotic fixation is likely important in contributing to determining soil δ¹³C values. Diffusion of low δ¹³C bulk atmospheric CO₂ (ca. -10‰) into the soil atmosphere (<< -10‰) will drive soil CO₂ δ¹³C towards ca. -10‰, and constant anaplerotic CO₂ fixation will result in SOM δ¹³C also tending towards 10‰ in more highly processed SOM deeper in the soil. The consequences of decomposition and the linked anaplerotic activity for soil δ¹³C values may be erroneously interpreted as evidence for C₄ vegetation being invaded by C₃ vegetation, potentially leading to incorrect conservation decisions. We argue that δ¹³C should only be used as a proxy for vegetation change where decomposition rates and anaplerotic CO₂ fixation are low and/or their effect on soil δ¹³C values can be accounted for.
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Baxter, Diane Yamane. "Mechanical Behavior of Soil-Bentonite Cutoff Walls." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27079.

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A soil-bentonite cutoff wall is a type of subsurface vertical barrier constructed by back-filling a trench with a mixture of soil, bentonite, and water. Although soil-bentonite cutoff walls are common, their mechanical behavior is not well understood. Current design procedures do not consider the final stress state of the consolidated soil-bentonite backfill or deformations in adjacent ground. The final stress state in the completed wall is important because it influences the hydraulic conductivity of the cutoff (Barrier 1995), the cutoff's susceptibility to hydraulic fracture, and the magnitude of deformations adjacent to the cutoff wall. Deformations adjacent to the cutoff wall can be significant and can cause damage to adjacent structures. The objectives of this research are to 1) add to the current body of knowledge of the properties of soil-bentonite mixtures, 2) evaluate constitutive models and select a model to represent soil-bentonite, 3) model a soil-bentonite cutoff wall using finite elements, and 4) investigate the influence of several factors on the deformations in adjacent ground. These objectives were met by first summarizing information from the literature on soil-bentonite properties and then performing a laboratory testing program on different soil-bentonite mixtures. Five constitutive models were evaluated to determine how well they match the data from the laboratory testing program. A model referred to as the RS model was chosen to best represent soil-bentonite, and provided a good match of the soil-bentonite behavior. The RS model, which is a special case of a more complicated existing model, is a non-associative Modified Cam Clay type model that has parameters to change the yield surface and plastic potential surface into ellipses of varying shapes. The RS model was implemented into the finite element program SAGE. A finite element model was developed using SAGE to simulate all stages of construction of a soil-bentonite cutoff wall including excavation of a trench under bentonite-water slurry, replacement of the bentonite-water slurry with soil-bentonite backfill, and consolidation of the soil-bentonite backfill. The model was calibrated with a well-documented case history, and predicted deformations in adjacent ground were close to measured deformations. Evaluation of the model indicates that there is good confidence in the prediction of deformations in adjacent ground, but there is lower confidence in the predicted stresses in the consolidated soil-bentonite and settlement of the backfill in the trench. A parametric study was then performed using the finite element model assuming sand sites of varying density and OCR. Deformations in adjacent ground were calculated for various soil conditions, soil-bentonite properties, and trench configurations. A correlation was found between maximum calculated settlement in adjacent ground and factor of safety against trench<br>Ph. D.
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Lee, In-Keun. "Mechanical behaviour of compacted decomposed granite soil." Thesis, Online version, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.292710.

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Leung, Shun Cheong. "The mechanical characteristics of cemented sand : particulate scale study /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202005%20LEUNGS.

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Books on the topic "Mechanical composition of soil"

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N, Nizheradze Tinatin, ed. Biokhimicheskie modeli ogleennykh glin =: Biochemical models of gleyed clay soils. Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1991.

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A, Prisyazhnaya A., and Kovács-Láng E, eds. Soil liquid phase composition. Elsevier, 2001.

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Zubeck, Hannele, and Zhaohui Yang, eds. Mechanical Properties of Frozen Soil. ASTM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1568-eb.

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Stevenson, F. J. Humus chemistry: Genesis, composition, reactions. 2nd ed. Wiley, 1994.

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Tamgadge, D. B. Soil series of Chhattisgarh State. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning in co-operation with Dept. of Agriculture, Govt. of Chhattisgarh, Raipur, 2002.

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., ed. Guidelines for soil description. 4th ed. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2006.

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J, Pouch John, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Boron nitride: Composition, optical properties, and mechanical behavior. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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Curtis, John O. Effect of soil composition on complex dielectric properties. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1995.

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Yang, Zhaohui, and Hannele K. Zubeck. Mechanical properties of frozen soils. Edited by ASTM International Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and ASTM International Committee D18 on Soil and Rock. Subcommittee D18.19 on Frozen Soils and Rock. ASTM International, 2013.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. [Analysis of soil and species composition]: Final technical report. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mechanical composition of soil"

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Maio, Caterina. "Shear Strength of Clays and Clayey Soils: the Influence of Pore Fluid Composition." In Chemo-Mechanical Couplings in Porous Media Geomechanics and Biomechanics. Springer Vienna, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2778-0_3.

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Putra, Reza, Muhammad, Syifaul Huzni, and Syarizal Fonna. "Effect of Soil Composition on the Corrosion Rate of Underground Water Distribution Pipes in Natural Environment." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0736-3_4.

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Griepentrog, Hans W., and Athanasios P. Dedousis. "Mechanical Weed Control." In Soil Biology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03681-1_11.

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Van Bavel, C. H. M. "Composition of Soil Atmosphere." In Agronomy Monographs. American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.1.c22.

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Bremner, J. M., and A. M. Blackmer. "Composition of Soil Atmospheres." In Agronomy Monographs. American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c42.

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Mukherjee, Swapna. "Chemical Composition of Soil." In Current Topics in Soil Science. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92669-4_13.

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Hossner, L. R., and Eiju Yatsu. "Mechanical Weathering." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_348.

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Baldock, Jeffrey A. "Composition and Cycling of Organic Carbon in Soil." In Soil Biology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68027-7_1.

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Krupenikov, Igori Arcadie, Boris P. Boincean, and David Dent. "Soil Mineralogy and Elemental Composition." In The Black Earth. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0159-5_4.

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Blanco, Humberto, and Rattan Lal. "Mechanical Structures and Engineering Techniques." In Soil Conservation and Management. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30341-8_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mechanical composition of soil"

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Berke, B. S., A. A. Sagüés, and Rodney G. Powers. "Long Term Corrosion Performance of Soil Reinforcement in Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08319.

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Abstract Mechanically stabilized earth walls, MSEW, around Florida were instrumented through their concrete covers to survey corrosion rates of galvanized strip soil reinforcement by polarization measurements. The first broad survey was made 10 years ago as a baseline and a new survey is currently underway to assess long term corrosion rate trends. Initial results of an ongoing survey confirm low rates consistent with controlled backfill composition.
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Elsukova, Ekaterina, Ivan Nedbaev, Anastasiya Kraves, and Daria Khloptsova. "ECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF SOIL AND PLANT CONDITIONS IN SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s20.12.

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Environmental monitoring in specially protected areas is a vital problem, especially in places subject to anthropogenic impacts. The Tunkinskaya Valley (190 km long) is the western extension of the Baikal rift zone. On the territory of the valley there is a national park of federal significance. At the same time, the territory is subject to intensive anthropogenic load. The Tunkinskaya Valley is an attractive place for tourists. The local population (20,000 people) is engaged in cattle breeding. Industrialized areas of the Baikal region may also have an impact on the valley ecosystems. The paper presents the results of ecological monitoring of soils and vegetation of valley from 2018 to 2022. During the field research, soil profiles were laid out, and vegetation communities in the reference areas were described. More than 100 soil and plant samples were collected. During laboratory studies the organic matter content, mechanical composition of soils, acidity, content of heavy metals (Ba, Cd, Co, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) in soil samples and pine bark (a proven bioindicator of atmospheric pollution) were determined within the atomic emission method. Statistical processing of the data was carried out. Acidity in samples of pine bark varies from 3.89 to 5.43, the environment is acidic, which indicates the entry of sulfur compounds into the atmospheric air. Exceedances relative to clarks were obtained for Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb. Such exceedances are caused by the wood burning and motor transport using. Exceedances of standards for �u were found in soils. During our research, the fact that the soils and vegetation of the Tunkinskaya Valley have a great diversity and mosaic distribution was found out. Thus, regular ecological monitoring of changes in the natural environment should be carried out in this park.
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Parkins, R. N., and R. R. Fessler. "Line Pipe Stress Corrosion Cracking - Mechanisms and Remedies." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86320.

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Abstract Stress corrosion cracking of line pipe from the soil side involves slow crack growth at stresses which may be as low as half the yield strength, this slow crack growth continuing until the crack penetrates the wall to produce a leak or until the stress intensity on the uncracked ligament reaches the value for fast fracture to penetrate the wall thickness. The controlling parameters that contribute to the mechanism of failure, essentially involving growth by dissolution in the grain boundary regions, are, as with other systems displaying such failure, electrochemical, mechanical and metallurgical, acting conjointly. Electrochemical influences relate to environment composition, potential and its variation under disbonded coatings and temperature, whilst mechanical factors of significance include pressure variations, and their time dependence, as well as maximum pressure. Metallurgical parameters, whilst not yet fully understood, include those aspects of steel composition and structure that influence grain boundary composition and the microplasticity associated with load changes, as well as surface condition, e.g. the presence or otherwise of mill scale. These controlling parameters indicate the remedial measures available for control of the problem, although some, for practical or economic reasons, are not invariably applicable. Thus, control by metallurgical approaches or through coatings or manipulation of surface condition is only applicable to future lines, but for those already in existence lowering the temperature, limiting pressure fluctuations and more precise control of cathodic protection should help alleviate the problem.
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Wang, Bengyu, Lina Bai, Zhihai Gao, et al. "Retrieving model of soil organic matter and soil mechanical composition by using measured spectra data." In Remote Sensing of the Environment: 18th National Symposium on Remote Sensing of China, edited by Qingxi Tong, Jie Shan, and Boqin Zhu. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2064062.

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Fotinich, Artemiy, Youngcheol Joo, and Vijay K. Dhir. "Investigation of Remediation of Soil Contaminated With Diesel Fuel Using Air Venting." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0173.

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Abstract Soil venting is an effective and widely used method to remediate hydrocarbonically contaminated soils. A non-isothermal model, proposed by Lingineni and Dhir (1992) to predict evaporation rates of organic contaminants in an unsaturated non-sorbing soil, was incorporated into a computer code capable of numerically analyzing multi-component diesel fuel. The program accounts for 14 major components of diesel fuel as well as for temperature variation due to evaporation of the contaminant, preheating of the venting air, and heat loss. Experiments to verify the model performance were conducted in a one-dimensional column. Temperature readings from thermocouples located in the test section were recorded during the experiment and the composition of hydrocarbons in the effluent air was also monitored. The effluent gas samples were extracted at the selected times and analyzed with the help of a gas chromatograph. The experimental temperature readings and vapor composition in the extracted samples are in general agreement with the predictions from the computer program. The results show that the diesel components are removed according to their volatility with the higher volatility components being removed first. It is also found that preheating of the venting air can significantly increase the removal rates of the components.
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Xi-Zhong, Shen, Li Hao-Bing, and Lan Yan. "Composition and Mechanical Characteristic of Riverbed Soil about Wandering River Section in Lower Yellow River." In 2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications (ISDEA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isdea.2012.113.

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Bošković-Rakočević, Ljiljana, Goran Dugalić, Nenad Pavlović, et al. "CHANGES IN THE AGROCHEMICAL AND AGROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DEPLETED SOILS (LUVISOLS) IN THE RADOCELO MASSIF AFTER LONG-TERM USE." In 3rd International Symposium on Biotechnology. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/sbt30.07lbr.

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Leached Luvisols near Bzovik (Kraljevo Municipality) were analyzed to assess the impact of land use on agrochemical and agrophysical properties. Samples from a meadow and a cultivated plot (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm) showed similar mechanical composition but differing quality. Meadow soil had better properties, while cultivated soil had lower humus, higher mobile aluminum, and poorer root conditions. Both soils were highly acidic with low phosphorus and adequate potassium. Fertilization improved phosphorus in the cultivated plot. Liming, phosphorus-rich fertilizers, and crop rotation are recommended to enhance soil fertility.
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Albaradi, Abdurahman, James A. Mynderse, and Meng Zhou. "Characterization of Deposited Dust on PV Panels and Residual Dust After Cleaning With an Electrostatic Device." In ASME 2024 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2024-144446.

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Abstract Dust accumulation on the surfaces of photovoltaic (PV) panels reduces the power output over time. Therefore, cleaning PV modules is essential to ensure the maximum energy yield. While solar energy is widely available in arid and semi-arid locations with high irradiance, such as Saudi Arabia, these regions are more prone to dust deposition and necessitate PV cleaning. Due to the arid climate, water-free PV cleaning methods are of particular interest. This study analyzes five soil samples from around potential PV power plants locations in Saudi Arabia. The dust particles were analyzed for size distribution, shape, elemental composition, and chemical composition. After thorough cleaning with electrodynamic shields (EDS), the residual dust was collected and characterized in the same manner as the original samples. The residual dust generally consisted of small (&amp;lt; 20 μm) and large (&amp;gt; 80 μm) particles outside the EDS effective cleaning range of 20–80 μm. The mineral compositions of the residual dust had a relative permittivity lower than the deposited dust.
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Veselý, Jakub, Petr Pánek, and Ludvík Vébr. "Thermo – mechanical model of concrete pavement in hardening phasis." In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1032.

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This paper is focused on the analysis of concrete pavements using finite element method (FEM). Specifically, it deals with the analysis of temperatures in the initial phasis of hardening and their influence on mechanical behavior of concrete pavement. High temperatures from hydration and climatic conditions in the early phase of concrete hardening co-operate and may initiate the formation of a network of micro-cracks on the surface of the concrete slab. The resulting temperatures (from hydration and climate) can theoretically be positively influenced by determining the start of concreting, so that the maximum temperatures do not meet at the same time. However, from a practical point of view the use of retarders is more realistic. Another possibility is to reduce the hydration heat by changing the composition of the concrete mixture (amount of cement, type of cement, use of alternative binders). Based on the knowledge of the material composition of the concrete and the specific temperature behavior during the concrete laying, it will be possible to predict the durability of concrete pavement in the future. Using weak formulation FEM model with quadratic base functions, the 2D heat transfer model was created. Boundary conditions were determined from experimental measurement on highway D1 in the Czech Republic. When this model was fitted to experimental data, the 3D coupled thermo - mechanical model was created. Soil and concrete elastic material characteristics had been taken over from Czech technical norms. Soil was modelled as Winkler-Pasternak 2D plate. Parameters c1 a c2 were assessed from comparison with 3D model with soil modelled as multiple layer system.
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Bobojonov, Ravshan, Olmos Zafarov, and Jaxongir Yusupov. "Soil composition in the construction of engineering structures, their classification, assessment of the impact of mechanical properties of soils on the structure." In PROBLEMS IN THE TEXTILE AND LIGHT INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF INTEGRATION OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM: (PTLICISIWS-2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0145758.

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Reports on the topic "Mechanical composition of soil"

1

Parkins, R. N., and R. R. Fessler. NG-18-85-R01 Line Pipe Stress Corrosion Cracking Mechanisms and Remedies. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012143.

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Stress corrosion cracking of line pipe from the soil side involves slow crack growth at stresses which may be as low as half the yield strength, this slow crack growth continuing until the crack penetrates the wall to produce a leak or until the stress intensity on the uncracked ligament reaches the value for a fast fracture to penetrate the wall thickness. The controlling parameters that contribute to the mechanism of failure, essentially involving growth by dissolution in the grain boundary regions, are, as with other systems displaying such failure, electrochemical, mechanical, and metallurgical, acting conjointly. Electrochemical influences relate to environment composition, potential, and its variation under disbonded coatings and temperature, whilst mechanical factors of significance include pressure variations, and their time dependence, as well as maximum pressure. Metallurgical parameters, whilst not yet fully understood, including those aspects of steel composition and structure that influence grain boundary composition and the microplasticity associated with load changes, as well as surface condition, e.g. the presence or otherwise of mill scale. These controlling parameters indicate the remedial measures available for control of the problem, although some, for practical or economic reasons, are not invariably applicable. Thus, control by metallurgical approaches or through coatings or manipulation of the surface conditions is only applicable to future lines, but for those already in existence lowering the temperature, limiting pressure fluctuations and more precise control of cathodic protection should help alleviate the problem.
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Knight, K. Soil Composition, Area 6 of the Nevada National Security Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053688.

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Montgomery, Stephen Tedford. Effects of composition on the mechanical response of alumina-filled epoxy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974404.

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Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. Susceptibility of volcanic ash-influenced soil in northern Idaho to mechanical compaction. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-rn-409.

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Gonzalez, Logan, Christopher Baker, Stacey Doherty, and Robyn Barbato. Ecological modeling of microbial community composition under variable temperatures. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48184.

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Soil microorganisms interact with one another within soil pores and respond to external conditions such as temperature. Data on microbial community composition and potential function are commonly generated in studies of soils. However, these data do not provide direct insight into the drivers of community composition and can be difficult to interpret outside the context of ecological theory. In this study, we explore the effect of abiotic environmental variation on microbial species diversity. Using a modified version of the Lotka-Volterra Competition Model with temperature-dependent growth rates, we show that environmentally relevant temperature variability may expand the set of temperature-tolerance phenotype pairs that can coexist as two-species communities compared to constant temperatures. These results highlight a potential role of temperature variation in influencing microbial diversity. This in turn suggests a need to incorporate temperature into predictive models of microbial communities in soil and other environments. We recommend future work to parameterize the model applied in this study with empirical data from environments of interest, and to validate the model predictions using field observations and experimental manipulations.
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Mabe, A. N., L. X. Perez Perez, A. S. Wu, and T. S. Wilson. Effects of Varying Composition and Kinetics on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Polysiloxane Foams. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1438809.

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Ringelberg, David B., Karen L. Foley, and Charles M. Reynolds. Community Composition of Bacterial Biofilms Formed on Simple Soil Based Bioelectrochemical Cell Anodes and Cathodes. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559329.

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Liu. XCV843A0 Soil-Pipeline Interaction in Frozen Ground. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010922.

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Phases 1 and 2 of a study to assess the stresses induced on a pipeline buried in frozen ground. The study includes: A literature review Laboratory geo-mechanical tests Laboratory mid-scale uplift testing Numerical model development and calibration Sensitivity analysis Parametric analysis
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Gureev, I. I., and N. S. Klimov. Model of rationing the mechanical load on the soil during the complex mechanization of regional agrotechnologies. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/issn1997-0749.2018-01-11.

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Cort, John, Irina Novikova, and James Evans. MicroED for rapid and comprehensive characterization of the unknown small molecule composition of crude plant and soil extracts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1987884.

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