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Kashihara, Naoki, Hajime Nagasu, and Minoru Satoh. "Coping Mechanisms against Oxidative Stress in Kidney Disease." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 106, no. 7 (2017): 1473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.106.1473.
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Sopha, Rahma Fadillah, Nur Agustini, and Imami Nur Rachmawati. "Family Centered Empowerment Model Efektif Meningkatkan Mekanisme Koping Orang Tua dalam Merawat Anak Penyakit Kronis." Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) 5, no. 1 (2023): 761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/joting.v5i1.5689.
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This study aims to find evidence of the clinical efficacy of the Family Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) care concept to improve parents' coping mechanisms in caring for children with chronic illnesses. The method used is a systematic review based on guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), which includes e-resources from ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and EBSCOhost from 2012 – 2022. Articles included in the systematic review This was made based on the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Study (PICOS) with a design for (P) Parents/caregivers of children with chronic disease, (I) Concept of Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) care, (C) There is no comparison intervention, and ( O) Improving coping mechanisms for caring for children with chronic illnesses. The results showed that from 552 articles filtered into eight themes, data found that FCEM can improve parents' coping mechanisms in caring for children with chronic illnesses. In conclusion, FCEM care effectively improves parents' coping mechanisms for children with chronic diseases.
 
 Keywords: Family-Centered Empowerment Model, Chronic Disease, Coping Mechanism
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Bahtiar, Bahtiar, Junaiti Sahar, and sWiwin Wiarsih. "Experiences of implementing a coping mechanism for the elderly who face chronic diseases while living with the family: a phenomenology study." Frontiers of Nursing 9, no. 1 (2022): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fon-2022-0011.
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Abstract Objective Physical and psychological stress causes harm to the health status of the elderly with chronic diseases. This study aimed to understand coping mechanisms of the elderly with chronic conditions who live with their family. Methods This study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenology method from the experience of 13 older adults with chronic disease. The study processes were interviewed, tape recorded, transcribed, and explored from the transcripts using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method. The steps of the descriptive phenomenology process are bracketing, intuiting, analyzing, and describing. Results The coping mechanisms used by the elderly with chronic diseases are (1) the behavioral focus coping ways by doing sports, and physical activities; (2) Focus on spirituality has been implemented by fasting, chanting, dhikr, and prayer; (3) The cognitive focus by working on hobbies or habitual activities and helping each other; (4) The social interaction focus was by interacting with friends, family, and neighbors. Conclusions This shows that elderly adults with disease conditions try to adapt various forms of coping mechanisms, which positively affects their psychological state. Families which have elderly with chronic diseases are expected to provide nurturing and psychological support to them so that the elderly can consistently apply coping mechanisms to overcome and tackle chronic diseases. Understanding the coping mechanism implementation of the elderly who have chronic diseases by their family can guide health specialists in designing psychological and spiritual approach interventions.
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Bajracharya, Subina, and Ajit Shrestha. "Parental coping mechanisms in children with congenital heart disease at tertiary cardiac centre." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 4 (2016): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v7i4.14121.
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Background: Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are among the most pervasive and serious chronic illnesses. Parents of children with a chronic condition must cope with greater demands and adopt different behaviors in order to lessen the impact on the family structure.Aims and Objectives: This study aims to explore the coping mechanism used by parents of children with CHD.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included 100 parents of children with CHD selected through non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by interview and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Result: This study revealed that parents of preschool children used more coping mechanism (mean score 30.53 out of total score 57), followed by parents of adolescence (mean score 30). Parents of first-born children with CHD used less coping mechanism (mean score 28.08). Parents of female children used more coping mechanism (mean score 29.52), fathers of children with CHD used more coping mechanism (mean score 29.78), and parents of operated children used more coping mechanism (mean score 29.11).Conclusion: Parental coping mechanism was found to be affected by age, sex, operative status and birth order of children and also by the sex of parent. These findings strongly indicate the need for proper counseling service to parents so that healthy coping is reinforced.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 75-79
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Cruz, Jeremy. "Coping Mechanisms of Mainstreamed Learners." JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research 50, no. 1 (2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v50i1.695.
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The Corona Virus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic caused the implementation of distance learning that deprived learners of regular school routines (oecd.org). This mixed-methods research evaluated the coping mechanisms of mainstreamed learners, the recommendations of the parents and learners, and the program that can be implemented to improve the implementation of mainstreaming learners with disabilities (LWDs). Results revealed that LWDs exhibited low avoidance and rebellious characteristics but high reconciliation and determination indicators. The focus group discussion verified the instructional-related challenges encountered. Mainstreamed students have a strong drive to cope with instructional-related challenges. To improve instructional issues, schools should contextualize lessons, especially in Mathematics. Video lessons should be available. The partnership between teachers and parents must be strengthened, and family support initiatives must be intensified. The researcher's framework, Rx Education for the Mainstreamed in Time of Pandemic, can be implemented, which involves Medical Assessment, Classhome Readiness, Creative Instruction, and Progress Monitoring. Conduct of annual medical assessments and regular monitoring by experts like Psychologists and Physical and Psychotherapists for the learners' well-being should be in place. The study's results suggest significant implications and references for educators and policymakers.
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Ibad, Muhammad Rosyidul, Mery Katrina, Muhammad Ari Arfianto, and Tutu April Ariani. "Exploring Psychosocial Issues of Breast Cancer: What Coping Mechanisms Have They Used to Manage Their Stressors?" Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 12, no. 1 (2025): 001–13. https://doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v12i1.art.p001-013.
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One of the most common diseases causing death in women is mammary carcinoma which is the third largest cause of death in Indonesia after heart disease and stroke. Chemotherapy and surgery are treatment methods that have been widely used. The body image of patients who have undergone mastectomy will change as they no longer have breasts. The purpose of this study was to determine how coping mechanisms were used in patients suffering from carcinoma mammae post-mastectomy. This study used a qualitative-quantitative research design. The data was obtained through semi-structured interview guides and coping mechanism questionnaires as support. The data validity test method used triangulation of sources and methods. The data analysis in the study used domain analysis. The researcher analyzed the data using domain analysis and found seven main themes emotional distress when first diagnosed with Ca mammae, body image disturbance after mastectomy, breast loss after mastectomy, the use of active coping in seeking recovery, use of healthy lifestyle planning to reduce disease risk, use of religious coping mechanisms for illness perception, use of acceptance coping mechanism in illness. Some psychosocial problems such as mental emotional disorders such as severe stress, fear, and worry about the disease are often felt by patients. However, participants use adaptive coping mechanisms to adapt to psychosocial problems through the use of active coping, religion, planning, and being able to accept deficiencies in their body image.
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Popa, Stefan L., Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Simona Grad, et al. "Coping Strategies and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 6 (2024): 1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061630.
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Background: Coping strategies play a crucial role in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), influencing both health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological well-being. This study systematically reviews the available literature to analyze coping mechanisms in IBD populations and their impact. Methods: Relevant English-language studies published until 2023 were identified through a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Library. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 57 articles underwent full analysis. Results: The findings highlight the diversity of coping strategies used by individuals with IBD and emphasize the need for a nuanced approach considering factors like disease severity, duration, and individual characteristics. This review underlines the influence of coping mechanisms on QoL and indicates their potential to aid IBD management and rehabilitation. Conclusions: This study underscores the value of investigating coping strategies to promote better outcomes for individuals with IBD. Future research should explore personalized interventions that address the heterogeneity of the IBD population.
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Chernus, N., R. Gorenkov, S. .Sivkov, S. Sivkova, A. Sivkov, and T. Savina. "Gender differences and defensive coping behavior in patients with inflammatory bowel disorders." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S604—S605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1613.
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IntroductionInflammatory bowel disorders (IBD) are chronic diseases with severe course. In this regard, research aimed at identifying adaptive behavior styles potentially significant for individual resilience to disease-related stress is of particular importanceObjectivesThe study population included 45 patients with the inflammatory bowel disorders: 19 male, 26 female (mean age 36,0±4,8), whose clinical and experimental psychological characteristics were studied.MethodsThe following methods were used: ‘Life Style Index’ by R. Plutchik, Н. Kellerman, ‘Ways of Coping’ by R. Lazarus, S. Folkman.ResultsThe experimental psychological study revealed interdependence of psychological defense mechanisms and coping behaviors. Thus, in female patients, such psychological defense mechanisms as ‘denial r=-0,51’ and ‘compensation г=-0,43’ showed negative correlation with ‘planning problem-solving’ coping strategy and positive correlation with such coping strategies, as ‘escape - avoidance г=0,38’ and ‘confrontation г=0,32’ р<0,05; in male patients, such psychological defense mechanisms as ‘regression г= -0,41;’ and ‘displacement г= -0,30’ demonstrated negative correlation with ‘planning problem-solving’ and ‘exercising self-control’, but positive correlation with such coping strategies, as ‘escape - avoidance г= 0,34’, ‘confrontation г= 0,40;’, р<0,05. Maladaptive attitude towards disease correlated with avoidance reactions in both male and female patients, which is indicated by the central rank position in disease coping structure of ‘confrontation’ coping strategy М=69,3±0,1, along with insufficient utilization of ‘planning problem-solving’ coping strategy М=39.3± 0,1, р< 0,001.ConclusionsThe identified manifestations of psychological maladaptation in both male and female inflammatory bowel disorder patients are moderately pronounced, but require psychotherapeutic correction
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jafar, Amal k., and Murtada Ghanem Adai. "Assessment of Coping Mechanisms among Patients with Heart Disease." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 9, no. 10 (2019): p94104. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.10.2019.p94104.
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Mailani, Fitri, Randy Refnandes, and Nada Dwi Ranita. "Hubungan Mekanisme Koping dengan Kecemasan Pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Yang Menjalani Hemodialisa." REAL in Nursing Journal 6, no. 3 (2023): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.32883/rnj.v6i3.2771.
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<p><strong><em>Background</em></strong><em>: Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis often experience anxiety. The response made by patients in facing anxiety can involve adaptive coping mechanisms or maladaptive coping mechanisms. The difference in these abilities affects the level of anxiety experienced by patients. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between coping mechanisms and anxiety levels in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis at Dr. M Djamil Padang General Hospital. <strong>Methods: </strong>The research method is quantitative with a cross-sectional study design. The analysis used is Spearman's correlation. The sample in the study consisted of 134 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection utilized the Brief COPE Questionnaire to assess coping mechanisms and the Zung Self Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) Questionnaire to assess anxiety. <strong>Results</strong>: Based on the research results, the median value of coping mechanisms is 58.00, indicating maladaptive coping mechanisms, while the median value for anxiety is 62.00, indicating a moderate level of anxiety in patients. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between coping mechanisms and anxiety in patients undergoing hemodialysis, with an average correlation strength and a negative direction (p-value = 0.000 and r = -0.506), meaning that the lower the coping mechanisms, the higher the anxiety experienced by hemodialysis patients. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Promotive and preventive efforts are needed to address anxiety in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Healthcare professionals can contribute to this by conducting health education activities on anxiety management and coping mechanisms</em>.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Anxiety, Coping Mechanisms, Hemodialysis</em></p>
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Turner, Keith W., and Cheng Yin. "HOW MULTIPLE CHRONIC DISEASE BURDEN INFLUENCES COMMUNITY-BASED BEHAVIORAL HEALTH PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S259—S260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.969.
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Abstract Background: Studies have shown that participation in community-based self-management education programs can result in improved healthful behaviors (exercise, cognitive symptom management, coping, and communications with physicians), improved health status (self-reported health, fatigue, disability, social/role activities, and health distress), and decreased days in the hospital. Problem: One of the understudied factors thought to influence efficacy in community based self-management programs is the presence and impacts of multiple chronic conditions on participants within community based behavioral health program populations. Multiple chronic diseases when scaled collectively can be considered as a participant’s individual disease burden to be included in other analyses. Methodology: This investigation explores possible ways disease burden associates with such important constructs as participant personal characteristics and participant confidence in controlling impacts of their disease symptoms and participant preferences for use of various methods of coping with disease impacts. Outcomes: Results indicate a complex pattern of relationships between such factors as personal characteristics of program participants and their perceived mastery over the impacts of their disease symptoms, and their preferred mechanisms for coping. Implications: program designers and managers can better understand the differential influences of disease burden on participants analyzed with their personal characteristics and their preferential uses for coping mechanisms and their perceived ability to withstand the added burdens of multiple chronic diseases.
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Zarubina, N. V. "Identification of Affective Disorders During the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis." Doctor.Ru 22, no. 6 (2023): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31550/1727-2378-2023-22-6-35-39.
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Aim: To study emotional disorders and response to stress in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) at the diagnostic stage. Design: Comparative prospective study. Materials and methods. We examined 30 MS patients who were not taking any disease-modifying drugs. The age of patients was 34 ± 9 years; Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale: 1.7 ± 1.3 points. Beck Self-Rating Depression Inventory and V. M. Bekhterev Self-Rating Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Asthenic State Scale, Psychological Diagnostics of Coping Mechanisms, Coping Strategies questionnaire, were used. Results. MS patients were divided into groups depending on the presence/absence of symptoms of depression (n = 18 and n = 12). The patients with depression had statistically higher (р < 0.05) number of asthenic manifestations and anxiety disorders, emotional releases with fixation on negative events. In order to reduce stress, patients chose to avoid the problem. Conclusion. Identified emotional disorders aggravate the overall condition of MS patients, reduce stress tolerance and ability to social adaptation; they lead to more complex symptoms and possible disease progression. Keywords: multiple sclerosis, depression, anxiety, copin mechanisms, ways of coping with stress.
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Nurbadriyah, Wiwit Dwi, Nursalam, and Ika Yuni Widyawati. "Do spiritual religious coping strategies affect quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease? a systematic review." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 02 (2023): S148—S152. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.ind-s2-34.
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Objective: To examine the potential positive and negative effects of spirituality and religion on life quality of patients with chronic kidney disease. Method: The systematic review comprised studies published from 2010 to 2020 on how spiritual and religious coping mechanisms impact the life quality of chronic kidney disease patients. The search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Ebsco, Clinical Key, Wiley and ProQuest databases. The review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Results: Of the 519 studies initially identified, 10(1.9%) were reviewed in detail. Of them 7(70%) directly mentioned the elements of spiritual/religious coping mechanisms, 2(20%) mentioned the influence of spiritual/religious strategies on life quality through existential factors relating to physical or spiritual wellbeing, and 1(10%) stated that spiritual/religious coping strategies can have positive or negative effects on the life quality of chronic kidney disease patients. Conclusion: Spiritual or religious coping mechanisms was found to have the potential to improve life quality of chronic kidney disease patients. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Adaptation, Psychological, Renal insufficiency.
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Almarzouki, Abeer F., Waad Alluhaibi, Basma Salman, Maha Almuhaiyawi, Maha Alreemi, and Majid Alsahafi. "The impact of cognitive functions, psychological disorders, and coping strategies on quality of life and disease outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A cross-sectional study." Medicine 103, no. 30 (2024): e38982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038982.
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Quality of life (QoL) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is influenced by several factors, many of which may also impact cognitive function. However, the extent of the interaction among these factors, QoL, and disease outcomes in IBD patients remains unknown. We thus aim to characterize the relationships among psychological disorders, coping mechanisms, cognitive function, and the overall impact on QoL and disease outcomes in patients with IBD. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at an academic care center. QoL was evaluated using the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ), and disease severity was evaluated using the Harvey–Bradshaw Index (HBI) for Crohn’s disease (CD) and the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI) for ulcerative colitis (UC). We also used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS). Regression models were used to test the associations among QoL, number of hospitalizations, disease severity, cognitive functioning (working memory [WM] and reaction time), and coping strategies while controlling for anxiety and depressive symptoms, age, and sex. This study included 41 patients (24 patients with CD and 17 with UC) whose mean age was 28.2 (±8.4) years (23 males) and mean SIBDQ score was 51.5 (±10.0). Patients with more WM errors had lower QoL scores (P = .041), whereas patients with higher anxiety levels had lower QoL and more active UC (P = .008 and P = .016, respectively). The use of avoidant coping mechanisms was associated with a significantly higher number of hospitalizations (P = .038), and patients who adopted more emotion-focused coping strategies had a longer illness duration (P = .021). Finally, patients with higher education levels were found to use more active coping mechanisms than others. These results confirm the impact of cognitive, psychological, and coping factors on QoL and disease outcomes in patients with IBD; however, the mechanisms by which these factors interrelate remain unclear. Therapies aimed at improving both cognitive functions and psychological conditions may thus be effective at improving QoL and disease outcomes in IBD patients, and education may play a positive role in promoting the adoption of more effective coping strategies among IBD patients.
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Cruess, Dean G., and Dwight L. Evans. "Psychiatric Symptoms During HIV Disease: Physiologic Mechanisms and Potential Treatments." CNS Spectrums 8, no. 1 (2003): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900023415.
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We are pleased to introduce this special issue of CNS Spectrums on neuropsychiatry and human immunodeficiency virus infection. The study of psychiatric manifestations of HIV has been at the forefront of research since the early 1980s. Although information has accumulated in the past 20 years, there is still a great deal to be learned. This issue includes four comprehensive reviews of the literature in the area of HIV research. The first two papers outline the prior research examining the prevalence and effects of psychiatric symptoms in HIV-positive (HIV+) individuals. The other papers summarize the research examining the effectiveness of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions in treating these psychiatric symptoms. All four articles consider the impact of these psychiatric symptoms (or their treatments) on both the psychological and physical health of HIV+ individuals. They also help delineate some of the underlying physiologic mechanisms involved in this process that perhaps may subsequently influence the course of HIV disease.Jane Leserman, PhD, reviews and evaluates the literature on the impact of stressors, depression, and the use of specific adverse coping strategies on alterations in immune function and disease progression among HIV+ individuals. Leserman describes a number of findings generated from the Coping in Health and Illness Project and points out that there is substantial evidence that stressful life events, depressive symptoms, and passive coping strategies can lead to immune impairments during HIV disease. She discusses some of the underlying physiological mechanisms, particularly alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which might mediate the relationship between psychosocial factors, immune system functioning, and disease status. The author concludes that by further understanding the impact of stress, depression, adverse coping strategies, and alterations in hormonal systems on immune function, researchers will develop a greater account of how these important factors may influence HIV progression and survival.
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Amedewonu, Esinam Aku, Genevieve Cecilia Aryeetey, Anthony Godi, Josephine Sackeyfio, Alfred Dickson Dai-Kosi, and Thomas Akuetteh Ndanu. "Coping strategies of COVID-19 recovered patients at the Ghana Infectious Disease Centre." PLOS ONE 20, no. 1 (2025): e0310921. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0310921.
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Background The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a disease with diverse effects on multiple organ systems, leading to varying presentations and severe complications. As the pandemic progresses, the challenges faced by those who recovered from the disease evolved as various coping strategies were adopted post recovery. Aim This study investigated the coping strategies used by individuals recovering from COVID-19 to manage the physical, psychological, and social impacts of the disease. It further explored the factors influencing these strategies and their correlation with post-recovery quality of life. Methods This cross-sectional quantitative study involved 150 participants who attended the Ghana Infectious Disease Centre’s post-COVID-19 review clinic between January and June 2021. Coping mechanisms were evaluated using the Brief-COPE questionnaire, which covers 28 strategies across three styles: Problem-focused coping, emotional-focused coping, and avoidant coping. Participants rated their coping strategies on a 4-point Likert scale. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences in use of coping strategies. Quality of life was assessed with the EuroQol Group Association five-domain, five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the EQ-VAS scale. Spearman correlation analyzed the relationship between coping strategies and quality of life. Results Majority of the study participants used problem-focused (2.71 ± 0.64 SD) type of coping strategy, followed by emotional-focused coping (2.32 ± 0.43 SD). The least strategy used was avoidant coping (1.57 ± 0.39 SD). Older participants, non-healthcare workers, and those with complications or persistent symptoms exhibited higher scores in avoidant and problem-focused coping. Those with persistent symptoms had higher emotional-focused coping scores. Better quality of life was associated with less reliance on all types of coping strategies. Conclusion Patients recovering from COVID-19 at the Ghana Infectious Disease Centre used positive coping mechanisms effectively. Key predictors of coping strategies included age, persistent symptoms, and complications. Improved quality of life is correlated with reduced use of coping strategies.
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Tschuschke, Volker, Rainer Weber, Heidi Oberegelsbacher, et al. "Das Verhältnis von Abwehr und Coping bei unterschiedlichen Erkrankungen." Zeitschrift für Medizinische Psychologie 11, no. 2 (2002): 73–82. https://doi.org/10.3233/zmp-2002-11_2_05.
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Patienten mit unterschiedlichen Erkrankungen wurden bezüglich der von ihnen eingesetzten Krankheitsbewältigungsmuster untersucht: Patienten, die an einer akuten oder chronisch myeloischen Leukämie erkrankt waren und sich einer allogenen Knochenmarktransplantation unterziehen wollten oder mussten, langjährig an Morbus Crohn erkrankte Patienten sowie Patienten mit einer Persönlichkeitsstörung bzw. einer neurotischen Erkrankung, die sich in psychotherapeutische Behandlung begeben wollten. Abwehr und Coping wurden konzeptuell getrennt voneinander untersucht. Leukämie-Patienten zeigen das höchste Ausmaß an reifer Abwehr und das höchste Ausmaß an geeignetem Coping. Morbus Crohn Patienten weisen ein etwa gleiches Ausmaß an Abwehr und Coping auf, wobei zwanghafte, kontrollierende Abwehr und günstige Coping-Strategien überwiegen. Psychotherapie-Patienten dagegen haben ein sehr hohes Ausmaß an unreifer (verleugnender, projizierender) Abwehr und praktisch keine Coping-Strategien zur Verfügung. Das Verhältnis von Abwehr und Coping wird diskutiert. Patients with different diseases were investigated regarding their particular coping and defense patterns in dealing with their illness. Patients suffering from an acute or chronic myeloic leukemia and immediately before bone marrow transplantation, patients suffering from Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and patients searching for psychotherapeutic treatment because of neurotic symptoms or personality disorders were included in the study. Defense mechanisms and coping strategies were studied seperately. Leukemia patients show the highest level of mature defenses and a considerable amount of appropriate coping strategies, patients with an Inflammatory Bowel Disease mainly activate controlling defense mechanisms and show appropriate coping abilities, while neurotic and personality disorder patients have an extremely immature defense structure (denial, projective defenses) and no coping abilities. The relationship between defenses and coping activation is being discussed.
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Zweiryadinda, Wim, Tri Oktaviyantini, and Wijaya Kusuma. "The Association between Coping Mechanisms and Depression in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta." Berkala Kedokteran 19, no. 2 (2023): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v19i2.17388.
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Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing routine hemodialysis (HD) may experience psychiatric comorbidities like depression. The coping mechanism is thought to be associated with the emergence of depression in patients with CKD. This cross-sectional study examines the association between coping mechanisms and depression in CKD patients undergoing routine HD therapy at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Brief COPE and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire were used as study instruments. The result showed that 29 (78.38%) research subjects used adaptive coping, while 8 (21.62%) used maladaptive coping. There are 13 (35%) participants with mild depression. Spearman’s rank correlation showed a strong negative correlation between adaptive coping mechanisms and the severity of depression in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis (r=-0,655; p<0,01)
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Babanov, S. A., N. A. Tatarovskaya, T. M. Kiryushina, and V. S. Lotkov. "Formation of coping strategies in vibration disease from the action of local and general vibration." Terapevt (General Physician), no. 7 (July 23, 2022): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2207-02.
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Coping strategies is purposeful social behavior that allows coping with a difficult life situation through conscious action strategies. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the clinical picture and coping strategies (behavior) of patients with vibration disease of various types and severity (from the action of local and general vibration). Research methods. The study of coping strategies was carried out using the Lazarus coping test. This test is designed to determine coping mechanisms, ways to overcome difficulties in various areas of mental activity, coping strategies. Conclusions. The dynamics of changes in indicators depending on the type of vibration and the severity of the disease was revealed. This is typical for the following coping strategies: «confron tation», «self-control», «search for social support», «acceptance of responsibility», «escape — avoidance» and «planning».
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Mujahidah, Zakiyah, Suwarningsih Soeharto, and Tika Silviasari. "HUBUNGAN MEKANISME KOPING DENGAN TINGKAT ANSIETAS PADA KLIEN DENGAN PENYAKIT KANKER DI RSPAD GATOT SOEBROTO." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 10, no. 2 (2019): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37012/jik.v10i2.48.
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Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of cells of the body tissues will be change the cancer cells. Patients who get cancer will get anxiety or commonly called 'kecemasan'. Anxiety is a feeling of unidentified fear and is not supported by the situation. Anxiety can be handle with coping mechanisms. Coping mechanism have two type, they are namely adaptive coping mechanism and maladaptive coping mechanism. This research using descriptive method with cross sectional approach and chi square test to find corellation between coping mechanism and anxiety level on clients with cancer at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto with 66 respondents. The results of research was held on August 2017 there were (51.5%) patients with maladaptive coping mechanisms and (48.5%) patients with adaptive coping mechanisms. Patients with low anxiety were (16.7%), middle anxiety (62.1%) and heavy anxiety (21.2%) with p-values 0.735 and 0.537, α = 0.05 OR = 0.652 (95% CI 0.171-2.485) and OR = 1.704 (95% CI 0.500-5.800). The conclusion of this research, it is not found the significant correlation between coping mechanisms and anxiety level on clients with cancer at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto . Based on the result of this research showing that is good coping mechanism can be reduce anxiety level on cancer patients. Keywords : Cancer, Anxiety, Coping Mechanism
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Dewayani, I. Gusti Agung Tirta, Ketut Lisnawati, and Ika Setya Purwanti. "The Relationship of Duration of Hemodialysis with Coping Mechanisms of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Underwent Hemodialysis." Basic and Applied Nursing Research Journal 3, no. 1 (2022): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/banrj.03.01.05.
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Chronic Kidney Disease patients undergoing hemodialysis can cause stress to the patient. The longer the patient suffers from Chronic Kidney Disease, the more the patient has a variety of experiences with stressors due to the disease. These experiences can be used as an anticipatory effort in dealing with stressors experienced by patients. The purpose of this was the relationship between the duration of hemodialysis and the coping mechanism of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. This study used descriptive quantitative, with a correlation design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample was 111 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Sampling technique used the purposive sampling technique. The data collection instrument used a jalowiec coping scale questionnaire and length of underwent hemodialysis. The results showed that most respondents underwent hemodialysis in the category <8 months (70.3%). The coping mechanisms in most patients were categorized as adaptive (55%). It was concluded that there was a relationship between the duration of hemodialysis and the coping mechanism in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (p = 0,000). The correlation strength value is 0.402 (moderate strength), and the direction of the correlation is negative, it shows that if the length of time is more than eight months, then the patient's coping mechanism becomes adaptive. The patient has accepted the situation he was undergoing, which is due to routine hemodialysis, which causes the patient to often meet other patients with the same problem so that by often telling each other they can share experiences and problems and encourage each other.
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Werdani, Yesiana Dwi Wahyu, and Pascalis Arief Ardiansyah Silab. "Self-Efficacy Affects Cancer Patients in Solving Problems, Seeking Support and Avoiding Problems as Coping Mechanisms." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 10, no. 2 (2020): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v10i2.26803.
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Background: Cancer is a disease that causes various physical and mental problems. Being diagnosed with cancer affects the self-efficacy and behavior of individuals to choose a coping mechanism in facing the problem.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of self-efficacy on solving problems, seeking support, and avoiding problems as coping mechanisms in cancer patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 cancer patients selected using a total sampling technique from two public health centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and Coping Strategy Indicator, and analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk for data normality, and linear regression to determine the effects of self-efficacy on solving problems, seeking support, and avoiding problems with p< 0.05. Results: The results showed the participants’ rate of self-efficacy levels (M=3.26), and coping mechanism levels in solving problems (M=3.46), seeking support (M=2.88), and avoiding problems (M=3.27), as well as mean scores of self-efficacy (32.6±3.8), solving problems (34.6±3.8), seeking support (31.8±3.7), and avoiding problems (32.7±3.2). Based on the linear regression test, there was a significant effect self-efficacy on solving problems (p<0.001; R2=0.97), seeking support (p<0.001; R2=0.98), and avoiding problems (p<0.001; R2=0.98) as coping mechanisms. Conclusion: Cancer patients who had high self-efficacy scores would choose solving problems and seeking support as the coping mechanisms, but those with lower scores on self-efficacy prefer to avoid the problems.
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Rachkauskas, G. S., O. V. Kondufor, D. A. Kolesnikov, et al. "Coping strategies in patients with schizophrenia and concomitant chronic cardiovascular diseases." Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery), no. 4 (April 22, 2024): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2404-09.
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In the context of modern socio-economic conditions, coping strategies reflecting adaptive capacity to stress are realized through the environment and personally determined mechanisms of behavior (coping mechanisms). Due to the high lability of disease processes and social vulnerability in general, schizophrenia patients are more subject to stress. Cardiovascular diseases, often observed in patients with schizophrenia, contribute to the progression of their social disintegration and decrease the level of adaptive skills. The aim of the study was to establish coping strategies in schizophrenia patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases. 70 patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, who were on inpatient treatment in psychiatric departments № 1 and № 5 of the State Institution «Lugansk Republican Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital» of the Lugansk People»s Republic, participated in the study. All subjects of the study were divided into two study groups: group 1 — schizophrenia patients without cardiovascular pathology (n=40) and group 2 — patients with schizophrenia and cardiovascular pathology (n=30). The mean age of the patients was 46.5±5.9 years, with 27 (38.6 %) men and 43 (61.4 %) women. Clinical, psychopathological, catamnestic, psychometric, and statistical research methods were used. The study revealed that the greatest number of patients had a non-constructive coping mechanism for dealing with stressful conditions, with a small number of patients with a constructive type. When comparing the percentages of patients with and without cardiovascular disease, it was found that patients with cardiovascular pathology were superior in positive coping strategies. These studies confirm the significance of cardiovascular diseases in schizophrenia patients in the processes of maladaptation in changing life conditions.
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FitriaWahyu, Ariyanti, and Sudiyanto Henry. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA LAMA MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS DENGAN MEKANISME KOPING PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK DI RUMAH SAKIT GATOEL MOJOKERTO." HOSPITAL MAJAPAHIT 9, no. 2 (2017): 109–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3514555.
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<em>Patients with chronic 5-stage kidney disease require long-term or lifelong hemodialysis therapy that causes stress and requires coping in response. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between long undergoing hemodialysis with coping mechanisms of patients with chronic kidney disease at Gatoel Hospital of Mojokerto. This type of research was correlational. The population of patients undergoing Hemodialisa at Gatoel Mojokerto Hospital was 179 with a sample of 123 people. The sampling technique used was Proportionate Random Sampling. Data collection using questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi-square test (X<sup>2</sup>). The results showed that almost all respondents had undergone hemodialysis >1 years as many as 88 people (71,5%) and most of respondent had maladaptive coping mechanisms as many as 71 people (57,7%). The result of statistical test by using Chi Square test showed signification level 0.000 <α (0.05), it means there was relatioship between long undergoing hemodialysis with coping mechanisms of patients with chronic kidney disease at Gatoel Hospital of Mojokerto. Based on the results of the study can be concluded that patients who have long undergone hemodialysis already in the acceptance phase while newly diagnosed patients should undergo hemodialysis often feel afraid, worried about the condition of the illness.</em>
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Soliman, Hussein, and Mona Ahmed Abdel Mawgoud. "Factors Associated with Coping Mechanisms among Egyptian Patients with End Stage Renal Disease and on Haemodialysis." Psychological Reports 114, no. 2 (2014): 390–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/15.20.pr0.114k20w6.
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This study intends to identify factors that influence coping with physical and emotional impacts of haemodialysis on patients in Egypt. A questionnaire was administrated to a random sample of 162 participants, 87 men and 75 women, who had received outpatient treatment in health care clinics in seven Egyptian cities. A regression model was used with four independent variables (view of medical treatment, effect of pain, adjustment to treatment, and satisfaction with life) to explain variance in satisfaction with self and coping. Results show about half the variance in the patients' ability to cope and express satisfaction with the self was explained by the independent variables ( R2=–.55, R2=.45). Implications contributing to adjustment and coping are presented, showing the need to advance medical service and enhance patients' ability to develop effective strategies.
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Joseph, Jonathan Gimba, Adeleke Vincent Olagunju, Inusa Bulus, Salamatu Ishaku, Longman Ishaku Toroh, and Obadiah Dyages Ephraim. "Coping mechanisms among patients with diabetes mellitus (type 1 & 2) in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria." Journal of Public Health and Diseases 4, no. 1 (2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jphd2021.099.
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Data on coping mechanism of patients with diabetes mellitus (type I and II) are important yet lacking in developing countries like Nigeria, and particularly in southwest Nigeria. Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the leading Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) has a major impact on both the diagnosed individual and the public health system, hence the present study. The study was aimed at investigating coping mechanism among patients with DM in University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. A cross sectional survey was used for the study. The study population were patients with DM (type1 & type 2) that have been diagnosed for not less than 3 months and are on admission in UCH or on follow up in outpatient clinic. A quantitative study of sample size of 76 patients was used. Male and female medical wards and outpatient clinic that have patients with DM were purposely selected for the study. Respondents who met the inclusion criteria for the study were drawn proportionately from the units using simple random sampling technique. Coping mechanism questionnaire was used for data collection. Data entry was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22 while hypotheses testing was done using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test at statistically significant level of 0.05. Findings revealed a mean score for age of 58.3 years (±9.62). Coping mechanism of respondents received an average overall mean score of 3.18, above the average mean score of 2.5 indicating coping mechanism to DM among respondents to be highly adequate with respondents reported no perceived barriers to effective coping. This study pointed out the various coping strategies of patients with DM (Type 1 & 2). Specifically, gender, religion and marital status influences coping strategies in patients with DM with no reported barriers to their effective coping with the disease.
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Mathur, Ritu. "Surveying the Perceived Impact of Stress on Periodontal Health, Including Patient Experiences with Stress-related Periodontal Issues and Coping Mechanisms." International Journal of Medical and Oral Research 9, no. 2 (2024): 36–38. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmo.ijmo_8_24.
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Background:: Stress has been identified as a contributing factor to periodontal disease due to its impact on immune function and behavioral responses. This study aims to explore the perceived influence of stress on periodontal health from the patient’s perspective, focusing on stress-related periodontal issues and coping strategies. Objectives:: The objectives of this study were to assess patient-reported experiences of stress-related periodontal problems and the coping mechanisms employed to manage these issues. Materials and Methods:: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 400 participants recruited from dental clinics and online platforms. The survey included questions about demographics, perceived effects of stress on periodontal health, common stressors, and coping mechanisms. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant associations. Results:: Of the 400 participants, 65% (n = 260) reported experiencing periodontal issues related to stress. The most common symptoms were gum bleeding (40%), gum recession (30%), and tooth mobility (20%). Work-related stress was the most frequently cited source of stress (55%), and physical exercise (45%) was the most commonly reported coping mechanism. However, 35% of participants engaged in unhealthy coping behaviors, such as smoking or poor diet. Conclusions:: The findings highlight the significant perceived impact of stress on periodontal health, with work and financial stress being major contributors. Although many participants utilized healthy coping mechanisms, a substantial proportion engaged in behaviors that could exacerbate periodontal disease. Dental professionals should consider stress management as part of comprehensive periodontal care.
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Fedorova, V. L., A. U. Baranovsky, O. B. Shukina, D. P. Petrov, and A. M. Segal. "The role of protective-adaptive behavior in mechanisms of adaptation to the disease in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases." Scientific Notes of the I. P. Pavlov St. Petersburg State Medical University 21, no. 2 (2014): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2014-21-2-62-65.
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Correlations of protective-adaptive behavior and the level of adaptation activity were determined in 48 men and 52 women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the necessity of this investigation from systemic positions of human adaptation was confirmed. Intercommunications of coping mechanisms and psychological protection ones with clinical characteristics of the disease were revealed. Distinct dominants in protective-adaptive behavior structure showing adaptation mechanisms tension in severe course of the disease and affective comorhidity with the tendency to the exhaustion of adaptive-compensatory resources were detected.
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Flores-Mendozaa, Jessica Berenice, Mirna García Méndez, Andrea Bravo Doddoli, and Rolando Díaz-Loving. "Development and Psychometric Properties of Coping Scales towards Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment, Heart-healthy Eating and Cardiovascular Physical Exercise." Psychology in Russia: State of the Art 17, no. 3 (2024): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/pir.2024.0307.
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Background. Coping, within Lazarus transactional theoretical framework, is conceptualized as a dynamic set of cognitive and behavioral processes that adapt continually to manage specific demands, whether internal or external, perceived as exceeding an individual’s available resources. This framework supports understanding healthy coping behaviors, especially regarding adherence to treatment in cardiovascular disease management. Objective. Develop and validate coping scales designed to assess adherence to pharmacological treatment, heart-healthy eating, and cardiovascular physical exercise in mexican patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease. Design. The research employed both qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) methodologies to ensure robustness. The coping scales underwent rigorous testing, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which revealed a two-factor solution for medication adherence coping, a three factors solution for physical exercise adherence coping, and a three factors solution for healthy eating adherence coping. Results. The findings suggest that coping strategies, although universal in nature, are sensitive to cultural nuances among patients with ischemic heart disease. By capturing the complexities of coping behaviors within a specific cultural context, these scales provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of adherence to primary prevention measures. Conclusion. This study contributes to the understanding of how coping mechanisms intersect with cultural factors in the management of chronic conditions such as ischemic heart disease, highlighting the importance of tailored interventions that consider patients cultural backgrounds and individual coping styles.
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Man, Milena Adina, Claudia Toma, Nicoleta Stefania Motoc, et al. "Disease Perception and Coping with Emotional Distress During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Among Medical Staff." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134899.
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The novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, is a highly contagious infectious disease declared by the World Health Organization to be a pandemic and a global public health emergency. During outbreaks, health care workers are submitted to an enormous emotional burden as they must balance the fundamental “duty to treat” with their parallel duties to family and loved ones. The aims of our study were to evaluate disease perceptions, levels of stress, emotional distress, and coping strategies among medical staff (COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 departments) in a tertiary pulmonology teaching hospital in the first month after the outbreak of COVID-19. One hundred and fifteen health care workers completed four validated questionnaires (the brief illness perception questionnaire, perceived stress scale, the profile of emotional distress emotional, and the cognitive coping evaluation questionnaire) that were afterwards interpreted by one psychologist. There was a high level of stress and psychological distress among health care workers in the first month after the pandemic outbreak. Interestingly, there were no differences between persons that worked in COVID-19 departments versus those working in non-COVID-19 departments. Disease perceptions and coping mechanisms were similar in the two groups. As coping mechanisms, refocusing on planning and positive reappraisal were used more than in the general population. There is no difference in disease perceptions, levels of stress, emotional distress, and coping strategies in medical staff handling COVID-19 patients versus those staff who were not handling COVID-19 patients in the first month after the pandemic outbreak.
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Raghu, Nitya, Meena G. Menon, Kaushik Murali, and Gokul Ratakonda. "Psychological Impact of Glaucoma: Does it Affect Compliance and Disease Progression?" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. V (2024): 2112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.805153.
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Objective – To identify the association between the psychological variables, namely coping mechanisms and perceived social support, with adherence to medical treatment and progression of glaucoma. Study Design – Prospective Cohort Study Methods – A group of 113 glaucoma patients were asked to answer questionnaires to assess their coping and social support system. These patients were then analyzed for visual field progression with 2 year data. Results – The predominant coping mechanism in 86.7% was problem-oriented coping and mean score for social support was maximum for family. Patients with history of glaucoma surgery had higher scores for emotion-oriented coping (p value – 0.016). Subjects with a family history of glaucoma had higher mean score for friends as a social support system (p value – 0.049). Adherence to anti-glaucoma medications (AGMs) was least and progression of glaucoma was maximum in those with disease duration of 3-5 years. Conclusion –Family history of glaucoma and a history of glaucoma surgery have a psychological impact on a patient’s adaptation to the disease. No correlation was found between the psychological variables and disease progression. However, adherence is lowest and progression of glaucoma highest, 3-5 years post diagnosis of disease.
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Sanjay Kalra, Komal Verma, Ashok Kumar, and Nitin Kapoor. "Coping with the Stress of Obesity." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 75, no. 07 (2025): 1143–44. https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.25-55.
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Coping with chronic disease, such as obesity, is central toeffective management. Coping skills enhancement,therefore, should be made part of obesity therapy. TheAEIOU model, coupled with the five Bad Bs and five PositivePs, allows health care professionals to integrate copingskills enhancement in routine care. Analysis andelimination of negative coping mechanisms, initiation andintegration of positive skills, ongoing observation and useof opportunities for optimization, and upgradation of one’sunderstanding, allow enhancement of coping skills. Thisshould be considered standard of care in all obesitymanagement programmes. Keywords: Motivation, motivational therapeutics, obesity,person centred care, psychosocial
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Helder, Desirée I., Ad A. Kaptein, Godfried M. J. Kempen, John Weinman, Hans C. Houwelingen, and Raymund A. C. Roos. "Living with Huntington's disease: Illness perceptions, coping mechanisms, and patients' well-being." British Journal of Health Psychology 7, no. 4 (2002): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/135910702320645417.
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Bingöl, Tülay Y., Nermin Gürhan, Gökçen Erdoğan, and Bahadır Genış. "Self-esteem, defense mechanisms, sexual satisfaction and stress coping mechanisms in individuals treated for vaginismus: A controlled study." African Journal of Reproductive Health 28, no. 11 (2024): 105–14. https://doi.org/10.29063/ajrh2024/v28i11.11.
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The aim of study was to analyze the extent to which treatment for vaginismus affect self-esteem, defense mechanisms, sexual satisfaction and coping with stress. Was conducted as aquasi-experimental, cross-sectional study. The population of the study consisted of womenwho were followed up with the diagnosis of vaginismus in obstetrics clinic. As data collection tools, “Personal Information Form”, “Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory”, “Sexual Satisfaction Scale”, “Coping Response Inventory” and “Defense Style Questionnaire” wereused. When people who were diagnosed with vaginismus and accepted treatment were asked about the reasons for demanding treatment, 11.4% of them responded that they experienced pain during sexual intercourse, 4.7% stated that they wanted to able to continue their marriage, and 2.8% of them stated that they wanted to gain self-confidence. When asked for whom they wanted the treatment of the disease, 61 of the participants responded, and 14 of them answered for &quot;Me and my spouse&quot; while 29 for &quot;My spouse&quot; and 18 for &quot;Myself&quot;. It was revealed that self-esteem, defense mechanisms, sexual satisfaction and coping with stress are important factors in initiation, maintenance and completion of treatment in patients and that these factors should be especially emphasized during the treatment process.
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Hamad, Shahd, Hiyam Subeh, Nebras Barakat, and Amal Alzarooni. "Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Coping Mechanisms to Relieve Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic among UAE Residents." International Journal of Psychology 10, no. 1 (2025): 52–71. https://doi.org/10.47604/ijp.3220.
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Purpose: Recent research studies conducted in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) showed that the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant detrimental psychological impact on the UAE population. Based on these outcomes, it is essential to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the UAE population towards coping mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the UAE residents towards coping mechanisms used to relieve stress during COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among UAE residents above the age of 18. A total of 292 participants were enrolled by volunteer sampling and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions about demographics, prevalence, causes of stress, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of coping mechanisms. Practices were assessed using the Brief-COPE scale and the data collected was analyzed using the SPSS-26 program. Findings: Out of 292 participants, 213 (73%) were between 18-24 years old, 207 (71%) were females, 193 (66%) were Arabs, 222 (76%) were single, 199 (68%) were students, 169 (58%) had a bachelor’s degree or above, and 190 (65%) had an income ≤ 10,000 AED. 210 (71.9%) of the participants experienced varying levels of stress and the most common causes of stress were online learning and the health of family members. The level of knowledge about coping mechanisms was poor in 150 (51.4%) of participants. In the case of attitudes towards coping mechanisms, 173 (59.2%) and 183 (62.7%) of participants agreed that adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms were beneficial in relieving stress, respectively. The mean practices score for adaptive and maladaptive coping was 43.43/64 and 24.58/48, respectively. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Stress management is vital for the overall well-being of the community. Awareness programs should be established to improve the perception and implementation of adaptive coping mechanisms among UAE population. Overall, the study emphasizes the urgent need for mental health awareness programs in the UAE to enhance adaptive coping mechanisms, reduce reliance on maladaptive strategies, and improve community resilience in future crises.
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Jufriyanto, Moh, and Endang Fauziyah. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COPING MECHANISM AND RECURRENCE FREQUENCY IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA PATIENTS." Journal of Vocational Nursing 1, no. 2 (2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jovin.v1i2.23551.
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Introduction: Bronchial asthma is a disease that occurs frequently in Indonesia and is reversible and can cause death. The problem that is felt is bouts of shortness of breath when a recurrence occurs. Stress is one of the causes of recurrence. So a positive coping mechanism is needed to prevent relapse. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the coping mechanisms used and the frequency of recurrence in bronchial asthma patients at M. Noer Pamekasan Hospital, 2018. Methods: This research design uses Non-Experimental Analytic Correlation method with a sample of 39 people and uses Probability Simple Random Sampling technique. The research data were taken using a questionnaire. After the tabulation, the data were analyzed using the Rank Spearman test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that almost half (45.7% or 16 people) had maladaptive coping mechanisms and relapses> 5X / month, and a small proportion (11.4% or 4 people) had adaptive coping mechanisms and relapsed 1-4X / month. From the results of statistical testing, it was found that there was a correlation between coping mechanisms and the frequency of recurrence with a correlation coefficient of 0.430 with a significance level of 0.010. Conclusion: We know that the coping mechanism is closely related to the occurrence of stress and anxiety in a person. Meanwhile, anxiety is one of the causes of recurrence in bronchial asthma patients. So in providing nursing care, you should not forget about health education about coping mechanisms so that patients can manage the stress experienced so that recurrence of bronchial asthma can be avoided.
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Sari, Cynthia Kumala, The Maria Meiwati Widagdo, and Mitra Andini Sigilipoe. "COPING MECHANISM USED BY DEPENDENT ELDERLY IN REJOWINANGUN URBAN VILLAGE, YOGYAKARTA." Journal of Widya Medika Junior 4, no. 2 (2022): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33508/jwmj.v4i2.3788.
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Introduction: A decrease often follows aging in quality of life. Coping is a form of problem-solving and balancing emotions in stressful situations. Coping strategies that someone uses extensively affect someone's ability to handle problems. Objectives: Obtain an overview of the coping mechanism of dependent elderly in Rejowinangun Urban Village, Yogyakarta, and indirectly know the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dependent elderly. Materials and Methods: The subjects were more than 60 years old residents of Rejowinangun Urban Village, which are dependent on Barthel's criteria and had no cognitive impairment. A qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was used. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, which were preceded by a screening process. Sampling was done through purposive sampling with five subjects. The interview was verbatim transcribed and analyzed using the thematic framework. Results: Dependent elderly perform confrontative, seeking social support, planful problem solving, self-control, distancing, positive reappraisal, escape/avoidance, and accepting responsibility coping. Not all dependent elderly living depend on others. Some do not want to bother others and are still productive. More diverse coping mechanisms were carried out by subjects who had the disease for more than ten years. Conclusion: Subjects tend to use problem-focused coping rather than emotion-focused coping. During the COVID-19 pandemic, their disease can become uncontrollable, and they feel stressed because they cannot do outside activities or the decreased income. However, they have more time to spend with their families.
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Patel, Sneh, Elizabeth R. Felix, Roy C. Levitt, Constantine D. Sarantopoulos, and Anat Galor. "Dysfunctional Coping Mechanisms Contribute to Dry Eye Symptoms." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 6 (2019): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060901.
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Dysfunctional coping behaviors, such as catastrophizing, have been implicated in pain severity and chronicity across several pain disorders. However, the impact of dysfunctional coping has not been examined under the context of dry eye (DE). This study evaluates relationships between catastrophizing and measures of DE, including pain severity and pain-related daily interference. The population consisted of patients seen at Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic between April 2016 and October 2017. Patients filled out standardized questionnaires assessing symptoms of DE and eye pain, non-ocular pain, mental health, coping behaviors (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS), and pain-related daily interference as a perceived impact on quality of life (Multidimensional Pain Inventory, Interference Subscale, MPI-Interference), and all patients underwent an ocular surface examination. In total, 194 patients participated, with a mean age of 58.8 ± 9.6 years, the majority being male, non-Hispanic, and black. PCS (catastrophizing) was correlated with DE symptom severity, including Dry-Eye Questionnaire 5 (DEQ5; r = 0.41, p < 0.0005), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI; r = 0.40, p < 0.0005), and neuropathic-like eye pain (Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory-Eye (NPSI-Eye; r = 0.48, p < 0.0005). Most tear metrics, on the other hand, did not correlate with PCS. Linear regressions showed that PCS, non-ocular pain intensity, and number of pain conditions were significant predictors of DEQ5 (overall DE symptoms), while PCS and non-ocular pain intensity were predictors of NPSI-Eye scores, as were insomnia scores and analgesic use. In a separate analysis, PCS and DE symptoms (OSDI) associated with pain-related interference (MPI-Interference) along with non-ocular pain intensity, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), number of pain conditions, and non-Hispanic ethnicity. These findings suggest that catastrophizing is not significantly related to signs of DE, but is strongly associated to pain-related symptoms of DE and daily interference due to pain.
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Poole, Brian D., Beatriz Silva, and Margarida Figueiredo-Braga. "Specific coping strategies in JSLE depression and anxiety – the untold story of brave soldiers." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (2021): 66.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.66.15.
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Abstract Background and aims: Patients with Juvenile-onset Systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) have to overcome the burden of unpredictable and disabling disorder. Coping strategies influence patient’s ability to cope with negative emotions, treatment exigencies and physical impairment related with the disease. Our aim was to explore the relationship between coping mechanisms and the presence of anxiety and depression. Methods: Thirty jSLE patients answered the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire (HADS) and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). Results: Clinically relevant anxiety (63.3%) and depressive symptoms (13.3%) were present in the jSLE patients. Our population showed higher coping scores for problem-focused (0,7±0,2), emotion-focused (0,6±0,2) and social supported coping (0,5±0,2), than avoidant coping (0,3± 0,1). Higher depression scores and lower subjective happiness levels correlated with higher anxiety scores (r=0.673, p=0.000 and r=0.592, p=0.001, respectively). Problem focused coping was associated with higher self-reported happiness (r=0.564, p=0.002) and avoidant coping was positively correlated with higher number of anxious symptoms (r=0.560, p=0.002). Conclusions: These results underscore the relevance of psychological assessment in jSLE patients. Adaptive coping strategies led to greater happiness, while avoidant coping strategies were associated with higher anxiety. Teaching of adaptive coping mechanisms, in combination with other interventions are likely to enhance the patients’ ability to respond to the multiple physical, social and emotional challenges imposed by this autoimmune disorder.
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Widiastuti, Maria Rina, Paulus Subiyanto, and Emilia Ratnawati. "Gambaran Tingkat Stres dan Mekanisme Koping Pegawai Konfirmasi Covid-19 di Rumah Sakit Panti Rahayu Gunungkidul Yogyakarta." I Care Jurnal Keperawatan STIKes Panti Rapih 4, no. 1 (2023): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46668/jurkes.v4i1.205.
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Backgroud: Covid-19 disease is a disease that attacks the respiratory tract with mild symptoms, without symptoms, until severe acute respiratory syndrome occurs. Covid-19 transmission occurs through droplets in the form of patient saliva, mucus and sputum. The Covid-19 pandemic is causing mental health problems in both people who are infected, not infected or not known to be infected. The results of the preliminary study found that 9 employees at Panti Rahayu Hospital with positive confirmation of Covid-19 experienced variations in length of stay, stress levels, and coping mechanisms. 
 Aim:This study aims to obtain an overview of the stress level and coping mechanisms of employees for confirmation of Covid-19. 
 Method: The research method used is mix methods by combining quantitative and qualitative descriptive research. The study population was all employees of Covid-19 confirmation with a total sampling of 15 respondents. Collecting data using a survey method, by questionnaire and structured interviews. The stress level was measured by using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire and the coping mechanism was measured by the ways of coping quesionare (revised). 
 Result: The results showed that the number of employees confirming Covid -19 with mild stress levels was 6 respondents (40%), moderate stress was 2 respondents (13%) and severe stress was 7 people (47%). The adaptive coping mechanism used was 11 respondents (73%) and 4 respondents in a maladaptive way (37%). With the chi-square test, there is a significant relationship between stress levels and the coping mechanism of Covid-19 confirmation employees with a p value of 0.044 (α: 0.05). 
 Conclusions: The lower the stress level, the coping mechanism used tends to be adaptive, while those who experience severe stress levels tend to use the maladaptive coping mechanism.
 Keywords: stress level, coping mechanism, Covid-19
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Arenaza-Urquijo, Eider M., and Prashanthi Vemuri. "Resistance vs resilience to Alzheimer disease." Neurology 90, no. 15 (2018): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005303.
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Preventing or delaying Alzheimer disease (AD) through lifestyle interventions will come from a better understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of (1) why a significant proportion of elderly remain cognitively normal with AD pathologies (ADP), i.e., amyloid or tau; and (2) why some elderly individuals do not have significant ADP. In the last decades, concepts such as brain reserve, cognitive reserve, and more recently brain maintenance have been proposed along with more general notions such as (neuro)protection and compensation. It is currently unclear how to effectively apply these concepts in the new field of preclinical AD specifically separating the 2 distinct mechanisms of coping with pathology vs avoiding pathology. We propose a simplistic conceptual framework that builds on existing concepts using the nomenclature of resistance in the context of avoiding pathology, i.e., remaining cognitively normal without significant ADP, and resilience in the context of coping with pathology, i.e., remaining cognitively normal despite significant ADP. In the context of preclinical AD studies, we (1) define these concepts and provide recommendations (and common scenarios) for their use; (2) discuss how to employ this terminology in the context of investigating mechanisms and factors; (3) highlight the complementarity and clarity they provide to existing concepts; and (4) discuss different study designs and methodologies. The application of the proposed framework for framing hypotheses, study design, and interpretation of results and mechanisms can provide a consistent framework and nomenclature for researchers to reach consensus on identifying factors that may prevent ADP or delay the onset of cognitive impairment.
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von Känel, Roland, Brent T. Mausbach, Joel E. Dimsdale, et al. "Ways of Coping and Biomarkers of an Increased Atherothrombotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Elderly Individuals." Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology 2012 (July 17, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/875876.
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Objective. To investigate the relationship between coping and atherothrombotic biomarkers of an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the elderly. Methods. We studied 136 elderly caregiving and noncaregiving men and women who completed the Ways of Coping Checklist to assess problem-focused coping, seeking social support (SSS), blamed self, wishful thinking, and avoidance coping. They had circulating levels of 12 biomarkers measured. We also probed for potential mediator and moderator variables (chronic stress, affect, health behavior, autonomic activity) for the relation between coping and biomarkers. Results. After controlling for demographic and CVD risk factors, greater use of SSS was associated with elevated levels of serum amyloid A (P=0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P=0.002), vascular cellular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 (P=0.021), and D-dimer (P=0.032). There were several moderator effects. For instance, greater use of SSS was associated with elevated VCAM-1 (P<0.001) and CRP (P=0.001) levels in subjects with low levels of perceived social support and positive affect, respectively. The other coping styles were not significantly associated with any biomarker. Conclusions. Greater use of SSS might compromise cardiovascular health through atherothrombotic mechanisms, including elevated inflammation (i.e., serum amyloid A, CRP, VCAM-1) and coagulation (i.e., D-dimer) activity. Moderating variables need to be considered in this relationship.
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Asma Barnawi. "Stressors and Coping Strategies among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia." Power System Technology 48, no. 4 (2024): 2012–38. https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.1115.
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Background: Background: Stress is frequently associated with anxiety, tension, worry, and strain in human existence. The patient may be unable to physically manage as the disease advances, even though chronic renal failure is threatened by numerous potential losses and lifestyle adjustments. Various coping mechanisms are employed by HD patients to manage the stresses associated with their illness and treatment. Aime: to evaluate the relationship between the stressors and the coping strategies employed by patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, as well as the level of stress and coping strategies. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study design. The research used a straightforward sampling method and a 120-person sample size. The investigation was carried out at Makkah's Hemodialysis Center. Results: Nearly all hemodialysis patients (about 97%) reported high stress levels. Half of hemodialysis patients constantly use problem- or emotion-oriented coping mechanisms, while 90% of patients occasionally use avoidance-oriented coping mechanisms. As a coping mechanism, seeking help and engaging in secluded thoughts are employed by the remaining 56% on occasion. Conclusion and implications for nursing and health policy: According to the overall assessment, the individuals incur significant stress due to the surgery. It would be ideal if coping mechanisms and treatments could be adjusted. When it comes to helping hemodialysis patients cope with stress, nurses are invaluable resources. Nursing administration should prioritize training and resources for these patients, while nursing education should increase understanding of the stresses these patients endure. More study in this area is needed to find ways to make patients feel better as they get better care. The goals of future research should be to confirm these results and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments.
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S. B., Olorunniyi, Olanrewaju M. F., and Ogo C. N. "Coping Mechanisms and Illness Perception Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life of Prostate Cancer Patients in Ogun State." African Journal of Biology and Medical Research 7, no. 2 (2024): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajbmr-u7oftnm3.
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Background: The second most common malignancy in men globally is prostate cancer. Moreover, one of the regions with the highest estimated death rates from prostate cancer is sub-Saharan Africa. Similarly, the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among Nigerian men is prostate cancer. However, negative illness perceptions, including worry about the disease and the severity of symptoms, have been linked to poorer prognosis among cancer patients. Generally, cancer patients adopt various coping mechanisms to deal with these stressors. Meanwhile, little is known about the health-related quality of life of prostate cancer patients in this region, regarding their coping mechanisms and illness perception. Therefore, this study examined, coping mechanisms and illness perceptions associated with health-related quality of life among prostate cancer patients in Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed the Purposive sampling technique. Correlation analysis was used to determine the association between coping mechanisms, illness perception, and the health-related quality of life of participants. Results: The association between illness perception and health-related quality of life was positively correlated and statistically significant (r=.547, p=.000). However, in the association between coping mechanism and health-related quality of life; problem-focused coping and health-related quality of life were found to be positively correlated and statistically significant (r=.228, p=.000); emotion-focused coping and health-related quality of life were found to be positively correlated and statistically significant (r=.388, p=.000); while avoidant coping and health-related quality of life were found to be negatively correlated (r= -0.192, p=.000). Conclusion: This study found that a higher illness perception score correlated with a higher health-related quality of life score. Also, a higher problem-focused and emotion-focused coping mechanism score correlated with a higher health-related quality of life score. While a higher avoidant coping score inversely correlated to a lower health-related quality of life score.
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Azeem, Muhammad, Waqas Hassan, Malik Mureed Hussain, and Tahira Rafiq. "Exploring the Psychological Experiences of Frontline Healthcare Providers Dealing with Covid Patients." Review of Education, Administration & Law 5, no. 3 (2022): 499–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/real.v5i3.258.
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People's physical and mental health have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical and psychological preparedness of the emergency healthcare workers (HCWs) is critical during a continuing outbreak of Ebola virus disease. An investigation of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency health care providers (EHCPs), as well as their stress coping mechanisms or protective factors, and obstacles they face while caring for COVID-19 patients will be conducted. From April 2, 2020 to April 25, 2020, 15 frontline emergency healthcare workers (HCWs) dealt with COVID-19 patients. In person or via phone, semi-structured interviews were done. Analysis was conducted utilising a thematic approach to data collection. A number of key findings focused on coping strategies for dealing with stressful situations, including: limiting media exposure; sharing duty details on a limited basis; religious coping; altruism as a fallback strategy; and, dealing with challenges, including: psychological responses and noncompliance with the public/denial by religious scholars. The COVID-19 pandemic-related stress and anxiety were discussed and various coping mechanisms were practiced and advised. Stress and worry in the population are often attributed to the media. Coping mechanisms included religious faith and a desire to serve humanity and their country.
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Pusswald, Gisela, Martina Fleck, Johann Lehrner, Dietrich Haubenberger, Germain Weber, and Eduard Auff. "The “Sense of Coherence” and the coping capacity of patients with Parkinson disease." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 12 (2012): 1972–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212001330.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Antonovsky's salutogenic model of the “Sense of Coherence” (SOC) is an important resource in dealing with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate SOC as a psychological factor and its correlation with illness, subjective well-being, and health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) compared to patients with other chronic diseases.Methods: Fifty-one patients suffering from PD and 59 participants with other chronic non-neurological diseases took part in this study. The PD patients were assessed through medical routine examinations and all participants were asked to complete several questionnaires for psychological assessment. In order to compare controls with the PD group, t-tests, U-tests, and multivariate analysis were conducted. Multiple regression analysis was calculated to identify predictor variables.Results: Patients with PD were characterized by lower SOC and higher scores concerning depression compared to the control group (CG). Furthermore, the PD group showed fewer active coping strategies and lower scores concerning well-being. There were correlations between depression, coping, well-being and QoL, and SOC. The SOC had a particular predictive value with regards to the outcome “quality of life” and coping strategies.Conclusions: There are a number of differences regarding psychological characteristics of coping mechanisms in neurological and non-neurological patients. The SOC correlated with several psychological factors; however, there was no correlation with medical data. The SOC predicts scores pertaining coping mechanism and health-related QoL.
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Vasiliu, Octavian, Andrei G. Mangalagiu, Bogdan M. Petrescu, et al. "Functional and Dysfunctional Coping Strategies in Patients Diagnosed with Cancer – From Initial Assessment to Therapeutic Interventions." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 127, no. 3 (2024): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.6.
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The assessment of coping mechanisms in patients diagnosed with oncological diseases is essential for mental health specialists, who have to design the most appropriate case management strategy for comorbid mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, and other psychiatric conditions that may be detected in this vulnerable population. The adequate treatment of these disorders is important for the preservation of mental health status, quality of life, and overall functionality in patients diagnosed with cancer. Coping mechanisms modulate the vulnerability toward psychiatric disorders, but they also have an impact on treatment adherence, which is an important factor correlating with prognosis. Appraisal-focused, problem-focused, emotion-focused, and occupation-focused coping represent the most well-defined strategies patients use when confronted with a stressful life situation, like a diagnosis with potentially vital consequences. Maladaptive coping strategies may also be identified in these patients, e.g., withdrawal from reality, including complete or partial denial of the disease, substance abuse, behavioral addictions, refusal of the recommended treatment, etc. The psychotherapeutic approach in patients with oncological diseases should include an initial evaluation of the coping strategies used either currently or in the past stressful conditions, an assessment of all the psychosocial resources the patients have (e.,g., support group, professional insertion, hobbies), and screening for mood and anxiety disorders that may have been triggered by the cancer diagnosis. Consequently, within the psychotherapeutic framework, a trained specialist can enhance the role of adaptive coping strategies and highlight the disadvantages of dysfunctional ones. This process may possess a favorable impact on treatment adherence, mental health status, and quality of life in patients with cancer.
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Shchelkova, O. Yu, G. L. Isurina, E. B. Usmanova, M. V. Iakovleva, A. K. Valiev, and A. V. Kulaga. "Disease-related stress coping and quality of life in patients with surgically treated spinal tumors." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 1 (April 2, 2021): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-1-97-106.
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Relevance. The relevance is determined by the need to study quality of life over time in patients with spinal tumors during surgical treatment, as well as to study relationships between quality of life and psychological characteristics, including those responsible for adaptation to a disease, i.e. coping mechanisms (coping strategies and resources).Intention. To study the dynamics of the main quality-of-life parameters in patients with spinal tumors in the perioperative period, as well as to assess relationships between quality-of-life parameters and the psychological mechanisms of disease-related stress coping.Methodology. Quality-of-life parameters were studied over time (before and after surgery) in 62 patients with various spinal tumors (average age 55 years; 22 males [35.5 %]) treated at the Department of Vertebral Surgery of N.N. Blokhin National Research Center of Oncology. The relationships were studied between patients’ quality of life in the early postoperative period and their disease-related stress coping strategies and resources. The following tests were used: the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), questionnaires for studying Quality of Life in oncological disease (QLQ C-30), spine tumors (SOSG OQ), the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), the Big Five Personality Test and the Purpose-in-Life Test.Results and Discussion. 23 of 29 studied quality-of-life parameters improved statistically significantly or tended to improve in the post- vs preoperative period, including the general index of health and quality of life, physical, emotional, social and cognitive activity, as well as symptoms of somatic distress (except an increased index of neurological dysfunction). Relationships were revealed between quality-of-life parameters and all the coping-related psychodiagnostic indices (except the “Extraversion” scale). Higher quality-of-life indices positively correlated with mature personality (internality, activity, meaningful goals, seeking social support, etc.). Less mature personality and less effective coping strategies were associated with more pronounced somatic symptoms and their impact on the quality of life in patients.Conclusion. The results of this study can help develop more targeted and individualized programs of psychological assistance and social rehabilitation for patients with spinal tumors.
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Karlidag, R., S. Unal, C. Evereklioglu, B. Sipahi, H. Er, and S. Yologlu. "Stressful life events, anxiety, depression and coping mechanisms in patients with Behçet's disease." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 17, no. 6 (2003): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-3083.2003.00760.x.
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Helder, D. I., A. A. Kaptein, G. M. J. Kempen, J. Weinman, J. C. Houwelingen, and R. A. C. Roos. "Living with huntington’s disease: illness perceptions, coping mechanisms, and spouses’ quality of life." International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 9, no. 1 (2002): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0901_03.
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