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Journal articles on the topic 'Microstrip Ring Resonator'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 13 July 2025

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Rajni, Rajni, Gurwinder Singh, and Anupma Marwaha. "Modeling of Split Ring Resonators loaded microstrip line with different orientations." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 6 (2015): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1363-1371.

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This paper presents the different circuit approaches of the electric and magnetic interaction of Single Split Ring Resonator (SRR) loaded microstrip line. We loaded the microstrip line with planar square split ring resonator in different configurations and orientations. The modeling behavior of metamaterials-based microstrip lines loaded with single and two-mirrored split ring resonators is analyzed numerically in two orientations (with gap of SRR parallel and perpendicular to the line). The full wave simulations are performed for the single and two-mirrored split ring resonators loaded microstrip inside a waveguide with ‘High Frequency Structure Simulator’ software. The equivalent circuit parameters are obtained for the single split ring resonator loaded with microstrip line with the gap parallel and near to the line from transmission line theory that make use of just the resonance frequency and minimum of the reflection coefficient. The simulation of different orientations of split ring resonator gives better reflection coefficient and wider frequency.

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Tkach, Vladyslav. "Access Control System Based on Ring Resonator’s Sensitive Properties." Security of Infocommunication Systems and Internet of Things 2, no. 1 (2024): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/sisiot2024.1.01012.

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The paper is dedicated to the development of a new type of electromagnetic (EM) devices to achieve unique output signal patterns for their potential applications in secure systems. The proposed device involves modification of a microstrip transmission line modification by ring resonators. The ring resonator is an EM component that is characterized by high sensitivity, impedance of which can be easily adjusted by its shape changing. It was performed with the ring resonator’s microstrip lines lengthening from 1 to 13.5 mm that allows the resonance frequency changing from 1 to 1.6 GHz, demonstrating the tunability of the device. The modification of a microstrip transmission line with one or a few of such ring resonators by their strong near-field coupling leads to a deep minimum/minima appearance in the transmission line transfer function (S21-parameters spectrum). This minimum can disappear under direct touching of the ring resonator by a human finger – changing of the total capacitance of the ring resonator. It means that the consequence touching/untouching of the ring resonator leads to a modulation of the input transmission line signal and producing unique output signal patterns. As the number of ring resonators increases, the complexity of these patterns also increases. The variety of the patterns can be unique and secure; thus, the output signals can serve as a key for creation of password for systems of access control. To ensure that the security level provided by the device meets the necessary standards, the keyspace – the total number of possible unique patterns – was estimated for various combinations of the developed ring resonators. The analysis revealed that with 14 available ring resonators, the keyspace can exceed 1015, indicating a vast number of possible combinations and, therefore, a very high level of security.

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ANAGHA, KUNTE, and ARUN GAIKWAD DR. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF PLANAR MICROSTRIP RESONATOR FOR PERMITTIVITY MEASUREMENT." IJIERT - International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology 4, no. 7 (2017): 17–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1458996.

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Characterization of dielectric material can be done by the nondestructive method of microstrip straight resonator and microstrip ring resonator sensor. To determine dielectric constant and loss tangent of solid,liquid and paste proposed measurement method is based on transmission line modeling (TLM) method in Time Domain. Dielectric constant is very much sensitive to variations in dimensions of microstrip planar structure. Straight and Ring resonators are fabricated with Glass Epoxy and RT Duroid substrate. Experimental work is carried out by measuring resonant frequency and return loss S 21 on vect or network analyzer (VNA). This study presents the determination of permittivity with variation in dimension of microstrip ring resonator and different low loss and high loss substrates. This study is helpful to specify correct dimensions of the sensor wit h the correct choice of substrate for accurate determination complex permittivity. https://www.ijiert.org/paper-details?paper_id=141096

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Ahmed, Sadiq, and Madhukar Chandra. "Design of a dual linear polarization antenna using split ring resonators at X-band." Advances in Radio Science 15 (November 6, 2017): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-15-259-2017.

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Abstract. Dual linear polarization microstrip antenna configurations are very suitable for high-performance satellites, wireless communication and radar applications. This paper presents a new method to improve the co-cross polarization discrimination (XPD) for dual linear polarized microstrip antennas at 10 GHz. For this, three various configurations of a dual linear polarization antenna utilizing metamaterial unit cells are shown. In the first layout, the microstrip patch antenna is loaded with two pairs of spiral ring resonators, in the second model, a split ring resonator is placed between two microstrip feed lines, and in the third design, a complementary split ring resonators are etched in the ground plane. This work has two primary goals: the first is related to the addition of metamaterial unit cells to the antenna structure which permits compensation for an asymmetric current distribution flow on the microstrip antenna and thus yields a symmetrical current distribution on it. This compensation leads to an important enhancement in the XPD in comparison to a conventional dual linear polarized microstrip patch antenna. The simulation reveals an improvement of 7.9, 8.8, and 4 dB in the E and H planes for the three designs, respectively, in the XPD as compared to the conventional dual linear polarized patch antenna. The second objective of this paper is to present the characteristics and performances of the designs of the spiral ring resonator (S-RR), split ring resonator (SRR), and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial unit cells. The simulations are evaluated using the commercial full-wave simulator, Ansoft High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).

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Singh, Ashish, Mohammad Aneesh, and J. A. Ansari. "Analysis of Microstrip Line Fed Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications." Open Engineering 7, no. 1 (2017): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2017-0034.

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AbstractIn this paper, theoretical analysis of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator is presented. The proposed antenna shows that the dualband operation depends on gap between parasitic element, split-ring resonator, length and width of microstrip line. It is found that antenna resonates at two distinct resonating modes i.e., 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz for lower and upper resonance frequencies respectively. The antenna shows dual frequency nature with frequency ratio 2.0. The characteristics of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator antenna is compared with other prototype microstrip line fed antennas. Further, the theoretical results are compared with simulated and reported experimental results, they are in close agreement.

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Jambunathan, Suriya Prakash. "A Machine Learning-Based Approach for Antenna Design Using Class_Reg Algorithm Optimized Using Genetic Algorithm." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (2021): 1682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39097.

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Abstract: Microstrip patch antennas are predominantly in use in mobile communication and healthcare. Their performances are even improved, using Split-Ring Resonator cells. But finding the ideal dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna and calculating the correct number and size of the split ring resonator cells consume a lot of time when we use Electromagnetic Simulation software to design first and then simulate. Using the pre-calculated results of certain sets of microstrip patch antennas with split ring resonators, a machine learning model can be trained and hence be used to predict the antenna metrics when the dimensions are specified. When the machine learning algorithms are combined with feature-optimization algorithms such as the Genetic Algorithm, the efficiency and performance can be improved further. Keywords: Machine Learning, Micro-strip Patch Antenna, Genetic algorithm, Split Ring Resonator.

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Leontev, A. S., and E. Y. Sedyshev. "Synthesis of Microwave Devices Based on a Microwave Ring Elliptical Resonator." Proceedings of Telecommunication Universities 10, no. 6 (2024): 26–33. https://doi.org/10.31854/1813-324x-2024-10-6-26-33.

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Actuality. Research of ring resonating structures is interesting to developers of microwave devices; some features of ring elliptical resonators lead to the emergence of unique properties of the transmission characteristics of the device. Method of excitation for CER is particularly important. It is possible to obtain the traveling wave mode in these structures, under certain conditions. To the synthesis of microwave devices, as well as to the study of methods for exciting and evaluating the mode of the wave process in the structure this paper is devoted.Object. The purpose of the study is to analyze and organize information about the development of microwave devices using circular elliptical resonators (CERs). Authors also want to test the results of using dual CERs.Methods. The authors have conducted an analytical review of recent scientific publications and performed computer modeling of microstrip ring elliptical resonators that operate in the ultrahigh frequency range in this work. The paper also includes the results of our experiments, tested by various researchers, including those supported by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Result. The article explores the unique characteristics of loop strip filters and highlights the limitations of using strip resonators. It that describes the design of a ring elliptical resonator (CER), and suggests its potential as an alternative to microstrip resonators. The paper presents the results of numerous experiments on the development of microwave devices based on CERs. The results of numerous experiments of the synthesis of microwave devices based on СER and including: single; double resonators; preselective filters; amplifiers and generators based on a ring and active bipolar are presented. Additionally, the issue of connecting the resonator to the main transmission line is addressed. The results of modeling several devices that limit the direction of propagation of an electromagnetic wave in an annular resonator are presented.Scientific novelty. This article introduces a new design of a double elliptical resonator based on a microstrip line. It also describes the results of an experiment that shows that the resonator topology can achieve a filter rejection level of over 70 dB. In the article, the authors also discuss the problem of selecting a power supply method and ensuring the wave propagation mode in the CER.Practical significance. The results obtained in the course of this work can be used to create a traveling wave resonator on a microstrip line or in other planar or volumetric configurations. The results of the study also serve as the basis for the creation of a generalized theory of synthesis of ring resonators in the microwave wavelength range.

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Lobekin, Vyacheslav, Alexandr Tatarenko, Andrei Belyshev, and Mirza Bichurin. "Resonator for microwave magnetoelectric effect." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 07012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193007012.

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The design of a ring resonator made on a microstrip transmission line is presented. A study of ferromagnetic resonance using this design was made. Computer simulation of a microstrip ring resonator was carried out, and amplitude-frequency characteristics were obtained.

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Yusdartono, Habib Muharry, Andik Bintoro, Badriana Badriana, and Ummu Handasah. "Complimentary Split Ring Resonators Design On Patch Mikrostrip Antenna For Reducing Ads-B Antenna Dimension." JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 5, no. 2 (2022): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jite.v5i2.6141.

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Microstrip Patch Antenna works for Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) and antenna frequency resonances at 1.09 GHz. Microstrip Patch Antenna dimension has big shape for antenna micostrip resonancing frequency at 1.09 GHz. In order to Solve this problem, metamaterial is chosen and Complimentary Split Ring Resonators (CSRRs) is the one of metamaterial technique. Complimentary Split Ring Resonators CSRRs is derived from a Split Ring Resonator (SRR) compliment. Early dimension of Microstrip antenna substrate and patch are calculated by Equation that dimension of substrate is 137x130 mm and dimension of patch is 85x65. Dimension of SRR that compliment forms to CSRRs is 9x6 mm for SRR inner ring and 13x10 mm for outer ring. Microstrip antenna VSWR is 1.134 and VSWR increases to 22,73 when CSRR is etched on antenna patch. In order to decrease antenna VSWR, optimation is applied by substrate and patch dimension iteration. Substrate and patch dimension Iteration is enlarge and reduce antenna substrate and patch width and length. Optimation result is VSWR that VSWR comes to 1,559 and substrate and patch dimension is reduced to 27,9% and 14,1%.

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Islamov, Islam. "Optimization of Broadband Microstrip Antenna Device for 5G Wireless Communication Systems." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 24, no. 4 (2023): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2023-0032.

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Abstract The paper proposes a new method for finding the optimal design of complementary split ring resonator cells for a microstrip antenna, which makes it possible to purposefully optimize the parameters of resonator cells, which significantly improve the electrical characteristics of the antenna. This antenna is designed for cellular communication 5G. The proposed method combines a regression model using a deep network based on fully connected neural layers with a search based on the conditional optimization algorithm COBYLA to find the optimal design parameters of resonator cells. This approach fully automates the process of creating microstrip antennas with resonator cells based on metamaterials and makes it possible to find the parameters of complementary split ring resonator cells that provide the optimal operating mode as a whole and gives the maximum level of antenna radiation while maintaining the bandwidth. The small size of complementary split ring resonator cells opens up the possibility of using this peculiar configuration to create compact and efficient microstrip antennas.

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Norfishah, Ab. Wahab, Amiruddin A., Radzuan Roskhatijah, et al. "Bandpass filter Based on Ring Resonator at RF Frequency above 20 GHz." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 3 (2018): 680–84. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp680-684.

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This paper presents two dual-mode rectangular ring resonators, designed at RF frequency above 20 GHz for bandpass filter applications. The first resonator is designed at 20 GHz using single layer microstrip technology, on Rogers Duroid TMM10 substrate with the following characteristics; relative dielectric constant (εr) = 9.2, substrate thickness (h) = 1.270 mm, dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) = 0. The second resonator is built using multilayer CMOS technology at 75 GHz. The resonator is simulated using fluorinated silicon glass (FSG) and silicone rich oxide (SRO) with relative dielectric constant (εr) equals to 3.7 and 4.2 respectively. Both filter designs are built using fullwave electromagnetic simulation tool. For filter design using microstrip technology, the return loss is found at 9.999 dB and the insertion loss is at 3.108 dB while for filter design using CMOS technology, the return loss is found at 11.299 dB and the insertion loss at 0.335 dB. Both results had shown good passband performance with high rejection level at the out-of band.

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Zobilah, Abdullah M., Adib Othman, Noor Azwan Shairi, and Zahriladha Zakaria. "Parametric studies of ring and parallel coupled line resonators for matched bandstop filter design." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 1 (2019): 29–37. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i1.pp29-37.

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Recently, matched bandstop filters had become substantial part of modern RF and microwave systems. However, in these types of filters, the key problem in the couplings of any microstrip resonators to transmission microstrip line is the variation or tolerance of coupling gap. It was found that the bandstop response is very sensitive to the gap size of the coupled line. Therefore, this paper presents parametric studies of dual mode parallel coupled line and ring resonator for matched bandstop filter design. For parallel coupled line resonator, it was found that with careful design and proper circuit parametric study on the coupling spacing, very high notch and matched return loss response were obtained. In contrast, for ring resonator, based on the simulated result, it was found that a very high notch and matched return loss response were obtained with careful design and proper circuit parametric study on the coupling spacing, width at coupling lines, and perturbed stub length.

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Carroll, J. M., and K. Chang. "Microstrip mode suppression ring resonator." Electronics Letters 30, no. 22 (1994): 1861–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19941291.

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Alphones, Arokiaswami, and Wong Kai Yee. "Periodically slotted microstrip ring resonator." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 27, no. 3 (2000): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-2760(20001105)27:3<192::aid-mop13>3.0.co;2-4.

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Zobilah, Abdullah Mohammed, Adib Othman, Noor Azwan Shairi, and Zahriladha Zakaria. "Parametric studies of ring and parallel coupled line resonators for matched bandstop filter design." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 1 (2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i1.pp29-37.

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Recently, matched bandstop filters had become a substantial part of modern RF and microwave systems. However, in these types of filters, the key problem in the couplings of any microstrip resonators to transmission microstrip line is the variation or tolerance of the coupling gap. It was found that the bandstop response is very sensitive to the gap size of the coupled line. Therefore, this paper presents parametric studies of dual-mode parallel coupled line and ring resonator for matched bandstop filter design. For parallel coupled line resonator, it was found that with careful design and proper circuit parametric study on the coupling spacing, very high notch and matched return loss response were obtained. In contrast, for ring resonator, based on the simulated result, it was found that a very high notch and matched return loss response were obtained with careful design and proper circuit parametric study on the coupling spacing, width at coupling lines, and perturbed stub length.

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Kumar, V. Gajendra, K. Damodar, B. S. Ganesh, B. Aravind, and V. Sasi Kiran. "Triple Band Mime Antenna for Modern Commercial Applications." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science and Technology 10, no. 3 (2022): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2022.10.3.62.

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The article presents the analysis and design of MIMO monopoly Antenna along with split ring resonator to get frequency notch characteristic in the wide band. Frequency notch characteristics are achieved by keeping the split ring resonators on one side of the substrate and on the back of the substrate at deficient ground structure a complementary split Ring resonator with respect to microstrip feeding. Between 2.5-9.5GHz and 12.548-20GHz the dual notch band characteristics are acquired. The inspected conformal characteristics of the antenna hold eminent unceasing reflection coefficient characteristics at different angles in the overall band. Analyzed the unit cell of the SRR and also examined the antenna impedance and radiation characteristics of the model.

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Wahab, Norfishah Ab, A. Amiruddin, Roskhatijah Radzuan, et al. "Bandpass filter Based on Ring Resonator at RF Frequency above 20 GHz." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 3 (2018): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp680-684.

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This paper presents two dual-mode rectangular ring resonators, designed at RF frequency above 20 GHz for bandpass filter applications. The first resonator is designed at 20 GHz using single layer microstrip technology, on Rogers Duroid TMM10 substrate with the following characteristics; relative dielectric constant (εr) = 9.2, substrate thickness (h) = 1.270 mm, dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) = 0. The second resonator is built using multilayer CMOS technology at 75 GHz. The resonator is simulated using fluorinated silicon glass (FSG) and silicone rich oxide (SRO) with relative dielectric constant (εr) equals to 3.7 and 4.2 respectively. Both filter designs are built using full-wave electromagnetic simulation tool. For filter design using microstrip technology, the return lossis found at 9.999 dB and the insertion lossis at 3.108 dB while for filter design using CMOS technology, the return loss is found at 11.299 dB and the insertion lossat 0.335 dB. Both results had shown good passband performance with high rejection level at the out-of band.

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Boutejdar, A., and S. D. Bennani. "Design and Fabrication of Tri-Stopband Bandstop Filters Using Cascaded and Multi-Armed Methods." Advanced Electromagnetics 6, no. 3 (2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v6i3.524.

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In this paper, we proposed a compact C-open-loop ring resonator and its equivalent circuit. The second cascaded BSF are designed using this simple C-ring resonator. The double ring BPF consists of two cascaded C-ring resonators, which are placed on the RO4003 substrate, while the other triple BSF structure consists of tree cascaded C-ring resonators, which are connected with input and output through microstrip feed lines. The both filters are simulated, optimized and partially realized using MWR simulator and Anritsu E5072A vector network analyzer VNA. In order to reduce the size and to improve the filter characteristics, novel compact filter topologies are designed basing on the previous structures. The proposed multi-band bandstop filters consist of several open-loop ring resonators placed vertically overlapping (coupled multi-armed ring resonator). Using this idea, the filter topologies with design flexibility, close size and excellent results are reached. The novel compact multi-band bandstop filters produce several stopband along a frequency range from DC to 9 GHz, in which each separate band exhibits an acceptable and useful bandwidth. Each stopband has regenerated two reflexion zeros, what leads to a good sharpness factors in the transition domains. Good agreement between the experimental results, full-wave simulation has been achieved. This new filter idea can be very attractive for the nowadays multilayer and compact radio frequency integrated circuit design.

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Ahmad, Ahmad Fahad, Zulkifly Abbas, Hameda Ali Abrass, and Kok Yeow You. "Optimum design of a microstrip ring resonator sensor to determine the moisture content in oil palm fruits and seeds." BioResources 14, no. 1 (2019): 1819–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.1819-1837.

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Oil palm fresh fruit bunch (OPFFB) is the main export product of the oil palm industry. A good oil palm is between 17 to 18 weeks of age with full fruitless maturity. An automated detection system should be implemented to determine the OPFFB’s maturity and expedite the harvesting process. Various automated detection methods have been proposed for conventional method replacement. In a preliminary study, a new oil palm fruit sensor was proposed for detecting the maturity of OPFFB, and a microstrip ring resonator was designed for determining the moisture content in oil palm fruit. The coaxial feeder of the microstrip ring was a Sub-Miniature A (SMA) stub contact panel with outer and inner conductors of 4.1 mm and 1.3 mm, respectively. The measurement system consisted of a sensor and a PC controlled network analyzer. This system was tested successfully on seeds and fruits of oil palm with various degrees of maturity. The microstrip ring resonator operated between 2.2 and 3 GHz and required low frequency that enabled the electromagnetic field in the first half of the ring resonator to be transferred to the second half and subsequently cause the collinearity of the maximum field points in the feed lines and resonator.

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K. Ahmed, Sadiq, Madhukar Chandra, and Zaid A. Abdul Hassain. "REDUCING THE CROSS-POLARIZATION PATTERN IN A DUAL-POLARIZED ANTENNA USING SPIRAL AND SPLIT RING RESONATORS." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 26, no. 6 (2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.26.6.4.

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This paper introduces the design of a new dual polarization rectangular microstrip patch antenna based on metamaterial structures at X-band. The work focuses on two distinct configurations of a microstrip patch antenna utilizing metamaterials. Pairs of spiral ring resonators are loaded into a rectangular patch antenna system in the first design. The second strategy involves inserting a split ring resonator at the end of microstrip feed lines. The utilization of metamaterial structures in the microstrip antenna system compensates for the patch antenna's asymmetric current distribution of the flow, resulting in symmetrical current distribution. The simulation results display an import cross-polarization cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) and good port decoupling. The antenna system has various characteristics, including a basic structure and metamaterial inclusions that take up a small amount of space, making the suggested metamaterial inclusions more beneficial for dual-linear polarized patch antenna construction. These prototypes are suitable to work for polarimetric radars.

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Sowjanya, A., and D. Vakula. "Design of C band Bandpass Filter using Fractal based Symmetrical Ring Resonator." Advanced Electromagnetics 11, no. 3 (2022): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v11i3.1851.

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Symmetrical ring resonator metamaterial along with fractal boundary is proposed for Band Pass Filter (BPF) design in this paper. A combination of symmetrical ring resonators and vias is used for designing a bandpass filter. Bandpass filter with low insertion loss, better fractional bandwidth even at higher frequencies is achieved by using moore fractal applied symmetrical ring metamaterial resonators along the microstrip transmission line. The operating frequency range of the simulated filter is in the C-band between 5.47 GHz - 6 GHz having fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 9.25% and with a minimum insertion loss of 1.2 dB. Application of moore fractal to the above implementation improved the bandwidth of the filter. Fractal applied symmetrical ring resonator simulated filter operates in the C-band between 7.15 GHz - 8.15 GHz having FBW of 13%, with a minimum insertion loss of 1 dB. The proposed filter is simulated, fabricated and S-parameters are measured using network analyzer N5222A. S-parameters results of fractal applied symmetrical ring resonator filter realized from simulations match closely with those from measurements results performed on prototypes but with a small shift in a frequency range. The measured filter operates in 6.95 GHz - 7.8 GHz having FBW of 11.5%, with a minimum insertion loss of 0.4 dB.

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Allin Joe, D., and Thiyagarajan Krishnan. "A Triband Compact Antenna for Wireless Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2023 (September 2, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5344999.

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This paper presents the implementation of a triple band microstrip patch antenna based on modified split ring resonator (SRR) and modified complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) as defected ground plane. The antenna is designed in a FR4 substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 with dimensions as 35 mm × 35 mm × 1.6 mm that comprises a total designed antenna volume of 1960 mm3. Multiband operation is introduced in the antenna through multiple resonators that are introduced in the patch. Impedance matching was provided with the help of partial ground plane and modified SRR in patch. The simulation performance of the antenna is verified using high frequency structural simulator (HFSS) software. The designed antenna resonates at 2.8 GHz, 5.8 GHz, and 6.9 GHz for the application requirements of WiMAX, ISM, and Sub-7 GHz wireless communication. The antenna is fabricated as printed circuit board (PCB) format, and its return loss characteristics are measured using a vector network analyser (VNA). The measurement results of the proposed triband antenna are in good agreement with simulated return loss characteristics.

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Ghazali, Abu Nasar, Mohd Sazid, and Srikanta Pal. "A dual notched band UWB-BPF based on microstrip-to-short circuited CPW transition." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 7 (2018): 794–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718000594.

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AbstractThis paper proposes a dual notched band ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) based on hybrid transition of microstrip and coplanar waveguide (CPW). The CPW in ground plane houses a stepped impedance resonator shorted at ends, and is designed to place its resonant modes within the UWB passband. The microstrips on the top plane are placed some distance apart in a back-to-back manner. The transition of microstrip on top and shorted CPW in the ground is coupled through the dielectric in a broadside manner. The optimized design of the transition develops the basic UWB spectrum with good return/insertion loss and extended stopband. Later, defected ground structure, embedded in CPW, and split ring resonators, coupled to feeding lines are utilized to develop dual sharp passband notches. The simulated data are verified against the experimentally developed prototype. The proposed dual notched UWB-BPF structure measures only 14.6 × 7.3 mm2, thereby justifying its compactness.

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Nakhlestani, Amir, and Ahmad Hakimi. "Wideband microstrip ring resonator bandpass filter with embedded rings." Microelectronics Journal 44, no. 5 (2013): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2013.01.011.

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Moradi, Bahareh, and Joan Garcia. "High dielectric ring resonators for designing passive filter." Materials International 1, no. 2 (2019): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/materials12.025028.

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In this paper, the utilization of high dielectric constant resonator as a passive element for design of filter in the range of Ku band is investigated. The design is based on a new kind of dielectric resonator fabricated with a commercial high dielectric constant EPOXY paste. The design is based on a microstrip line periodically loaded with a new kind of dielectric resonator fabricated with a commercial high dielectric constant Epoxy paste compatible with serigraphy and screen printing technology.

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Prokopenko, Yu V., and P. Yu Sergienko. "Ring microstrip resonator with micromechanical frequency tuning." Electronics and Communications 17, no. 4 (2012): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2012.17.4.219045.

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Saavedra, C. E. "Microstrip ring resonator using quarter-wave couplers." Electronics Letters 37, no. 11 (2001): 694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20010482.

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Gardner, P., D. K. Paul, and K. P. Tan. "Microwave voltage tuned microstrip ring resonator oscillator." Electronics Letters 30, no. 21 (1994): 1770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19941188.

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Li, Linpeng, Shengze Ye, Jianchun Xu, et al. "Split-ring resonator-based compact microstrip antenna." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 04 (2019): 1950043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491950043x.

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Compact microstrip antennas based on split-ring resonator (SRR) structure are proposed and fabricated in this paper. The resonant frequency of the antennas is discussed upon different geometric structures. The influencing mechanism of the antenna parameters on resonant frequency is analyzed. The analytical and experimental analyses are carried out and proved that the resonant frequency can be controlled from 13.5 GHz to 17.2 GHz by tuning some of the crucial parameters. A good agreement between the simulations and the measurement results suggests that the proposed antenna can be designed at different resonant frequencies while maintaining a small-size, low-profile structure and good performance.

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Sarabandi, K., and E. S. Li. "Microstrip ring resonator for soil moisture measurements." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 35, no. 5 (1997): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/36.628789.

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Dmitriev, V. "Comments on ?Periodically Slotted Microstrip Ring Resonator?" Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 31, no. 3 (2001): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.1408.

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Masrakin, Khuzairi, Siti Zuraidah Ibrahim, Hasliza A. Rahim, Saidatul Norlyana Azemi, Ping Jack Soh, and Sugchai Tantiviwat. "Microstrip Sensor Based on Ring Resonator Coupled with Double Square Split Ring Resonator for Solid Material Permittivity Characterization." Micromachines 14, no. 4 (2023): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040790.

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This paper analyzes a microwave resonator sensor based on a square split-ring resonator operating at 5.122 GHz for permittivity characterization of a material under test (MUT). A single-ring square resonator edge (S-SRR) is coupled with several double-split square ring resonators to form the structure (D-SRR). The function of the S-SRR is to generate a resonant at the center frequency, whereas D-SRRs function as sensors, with their resonant frequency being very sensitive to changes in the MUT’s permittivity. In a traditional S-SRR, a gap emerges between the ring and the feed line to improve the Q-factor, but the loss increases as a result of the mismatched coupling of the feed lines. To provide adequate matching, the microstrip feed line is directly connected to the single-ring resonator in this article. The S-SRR’s operation switches from passband to stopband by generating edge coupling with dual D-SRRs located vertically on both sides of the S-SRR. The proposed sensor was designed, fabricated, and tested to effectively identify the dielectric properties of three MUTs (Taconic-TLY5, Rogers 4003C, and FR4) by measuring the microwave sensor’s resonant frequency. When the MUT is applied to the structure, the measured findings indicate a change in resonance frequency. The primary constraint of the sensor is that it can only be modeled for materials with a permittivity ranging from 1.0 to 5.0. The proposed sensors’ acceptable performance was achieved through simulation and measurement in this paper. Although the simulated and measured resonance frequencies have shifted, mathematical models have been developed to minimize the difference and obtain greater accuracy with a sensitivity of 3.27. Hence, resonance sensors offer a mechanism for characterizing the dielectric characteristics of varied permittivity of solid materials.

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Tung, Phan Duy, Phan Huu Lam, and Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa. "A MINIATURIZATION OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA USING NEGATIVE PERMITIVITY METAMATERIAL BASED ON CSRR-LOADED GROUNDFOR WLAN APPLICATIONS." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 6 (2016): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-708x/54/6/8375.

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A microstrip antenna using negative index metamaterial based on complementary split ring resonator (CSRR)-loaded ground has been investigated in order to miniaturize the size and improve the antenna characteristics. The proposed antennas are designed on FR4 material and simulated results are provided by HFSS software. The metamaterial antenna was reduced 75 % the overall size compared to the normal microstrip antenna. Furthermore, compared with the normal microstrip antenna, the antenna characteristics of the metamaterial antenna were improved significantly. The proposed metamaterial antenna exhibited the antenna resonate at 2.45 GHz, the gain of higher than 6.5 dB and the bandwidth of 110 MHz through the whole WLAN band. The obtained results indicated that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for WLAN applications.

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Jahromi, Mahdi Naghshvarian. "Wide stopband compact microstrip lowpass filter using circular ring resonator and split ring resonators." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 53, no. 9 (2011): 1961–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.26203.

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Murtala, Aminu-Baba, Kamal A. Rahim Mohammad, Zubir Farid, and Fairus Mohd Yusoff Mohd. "Design of Miniaturized Multiband Patch Antenna Using CSRR for WLAN/WiMAX Applications." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 16, no. 4 (2018): 1838–45. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v16i4.9064.

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A novel miniaturized multiband, single-feed microstrip patch antenna is presented in this paper for WLAN and WiMAX applications. Both size reduction and multiband are obtained by etching the Multiple Complementary Split Ring Resonators (MC-SRR) on the ground plane of the normal patch antenna. At first, the normal patch antenna produces a single band of 5.15 GHz; 200 MHz (5.0500~5.2499). Subsequently, a Single Circular Split Ring Resonator (SC-SRR) is etched on the ground plane and produces a triple band of: 3.25 GHz; 288 MHz (3.1085~3.3964), 4.5 GHz; 101.3 MHz (4.4488~4.5501), and 5.22 GHz; 220 MHz (5.1191~5.3400) and Double Single Circular Split Ring Resonator (DC-MCSRR) with: 2.99 GHz; 60.7 MHz (2.9574~3.0181), 3.57 GHz; 324.7 MHz (3.4065~3.7312), and 5.1413 GHz; 115.4 MHz (5.0817~5.1971). The working bandwidths cover the desired frequency bands of WLAN 5.2 GHz and WiMAX 3.3/3.5 GHz. The proposed (MC-SRR) antenna can be employed to wireless communication systems due to its simplicity in design, compactness and miniaturization.

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Hinojosa, Juan, Félix L. Martínez-Viviente, and Alejandro Alvarez-Melcon. "Compact Double Notch Coplanar and Microstrip Bandstop Filters Using Metamaterial—Inspired Open Ring Resonators." Electronics 10, no. 3 (2021): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030330.

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Compact double notch coplanar and microstrip bandstop filters are described. They are based on a version of the open interconnected split ring resonator (OISRR) integrated in microstrip or coplanar waveguides. The OISRR introduces an RLC resonator connected in parallel with the propagating microstrip line. Therefore, this resonator can be modeled as a shunt circuit to ground, with the R, L and C elements connected in series. The consequence for the frequency response of the device is a notch band at the resonant frequency of the RLC shunt circuit. The number of notch bands can be controlled by adding more OISRRs, since each pair of rings can be modeled as a shunt circuit and therefore introduces an additional notch band. In this paper, we demonstrate that these additional rings can be introduced in a concentric way in the same cell, so the size of the device does not increase and a compact multi-notch bandstop response is achieved, with the same number of notch bands as pairs of concentric rings, plus an additional spurious band at a higher frequency.

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Zaid, A. Abdul Hassain, Abbood AL-Behadili Amer, and R. Azeez Adham. "First order parallel coupled BPF with wideband rejection based on SRR and CSRR." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 17, no. 6 (2019): 2704–12. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v17i6.10790.

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is presented to obtain better results (wideband rejection, high selectivity and low bandpass insertion loss) compared to conventional design. The proposed filter (a tri-formation consisting of CSRR, SRR and stubs of stepped impedance are loaded microstrip resonator) can be configured, by laying split ring resonator (SRR) and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) with 50 Ω microstrip lines, in addition to effect of loading two stubs of stepped impedance around center of midline microstrip with impedance line 55.36 Ω of parallel coupled. The proposed filter produces high selectivity from passband to stopband transition equals to 307.5 dB/GHz and an excellent wide stopband performance extend from 1.22 GHz to 5 GHz (harmonics repression till for 5 &fnof;0); all are bellow -20 dB excepting one transmission zero of -19 dB, that can be eliminate the harmonic superior frequencies without using any external Bandstop filter. Also, enhancement low bandpass insertion loss level, where it reaches 0.25 dB at fundamental centered frequency (&fnof;0 = 0.96 GHz) with 21% bandwidth. The proposed filter is designed and simulated with computer aided of Ansoft HFSS software package which ordinarily used in microwave application.

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Gan, Hong-Yi, Wen-Sheng Zhao, Da-Wei Wang, Jing Wang, Qi Liu, and Gaofeng Wang. "High-Q Active Microwave Sensor Based on Microstrip Complementary Split-Ring Resonator (MCSRR) Structure for Dielectric Characterization." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 36, no. 7 (2021): 922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2021.aces.j.360715.

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This paper presents an active microwave sensor for the characterization of dielectric materials. The sensor is consisted of a microstrip complementary split-ring resonator (MCSRR) structure and an active feedback loop. The loop uses an amplifier to generate negative resistance to compensate the resonator’s loss and increase the loaded quality factor. The developed sensor possesses the advantages of high quality factor, ultra-small electrical size, and high sensitivity. A prototype of the sensor is fabricated and measured for validation.

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Bedra, S., S. Benkouda, M. Amir, and T. Fortaki. "Resonant Frequency of Tunable Microstrip Ring Antenna Printed on Isotropic or Uniaxially Anisotropic Substrate." Advanced Electromagnetics 2, no. 2 (2013): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v2i2.194.

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In this study, the resonant frequency of annular ring microstrip resonator with uniaxial anisotropic substrate and air gap layer is analyzed. The cavity model for simple ring microstrip antenna is extended with some modifications for the tunable geometry taking into account the anisotropy in the layer. The theoretical resonant frequency results are in very good agreement with the experimental results reported elsewhere. The air gap tuning effect on the resonant characteristics is also investigated for fundamental and higher order modes.

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Müller, Jens. "Wide Band Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Electronic Assembly Materials Inside an LTCC Fluidic Structure." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 11, no. 2 (2014): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/imaps.400.

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Assembly materials such as underfillers or glob top epoxies are typically not specified regarding their dielectric properties for frequencies higher than 1 MHz. However, their behavior should be known for a wider frequency range in order to implement the appropriate parameters for RF and microwave simulations and designs. Typical methods to measure permittivity and loss tangent are based on parallel plate capacitor measurement with an impedance or network analyzer (up to about 1 GHz), S-parameter measurement of filled waveguides, coaxial transmission lines, or resonance methods (e.g., split post resonator, slit cavity resonator, ring resonator, open resonator). Most of these methods require specific sophisticated sample preparation. The paper describes a novel method based on suspended or inverted microstrip evaluation in a 3D LTCC structure. Suspended and inverted microstrip lines have lower insertion losses than standard microstrip lines due to the air gap between the line and the ground plane (reduced dielectric losses). Low loss structures are necessary to be able to measure low loss dielectrics. Such suspended or inverted microstrip lines can be easily achieved in LTCC by implementing a cavity structure. Inlets and outlets allow for the cavity to be filled with fluids after an initial S-parameter measurement of line properties (i.e., impedance, insertion loss, phase velocity). Measuring is repeated once the assembly material is cured. The change in impedance, phase velocity, and insertion contains the information about the material under test. Its properties are derived by curve fitting methods with a 3D electromagnetic field simulator. It is also possible to implement line resonators instead of through lines. In the latter case, the resonant frequency shift and the quality factor contains the material information. The procedure is demonstrated on a multilayer LTCC substrate based on low loss DP 9k7 and a commercial underfill material.

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Müller, Jens. "Wide Band Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Electronic Assembly Materials Inside a LTCC Fluidic Structure." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2013, CICMT (2013): 000041–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-tp22.

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Assembly materials like underfillers or glob top epoxies are typically not specified regarding their dielectric properties for frequencies higher than 1 MHz. However, their behavior should be known for a wider frequency range in order to implement the right parameters for RF and microwave simulations and designs. Typical methods to measure permittivity and loss tangent are based on parallel plate capacitor measurement with an impedance or network analyzer (up to about 1 GHz), S-parameter measurement of filled wave guides or coaxial transmission lines or resonance methods (e.g. split post resonator, slit cavity resonator, ring resonator, open resonator). Most of these methods require specific sophisticated sample preparation. The paper describes a novel method based on suspended or inverted microstrip evaluation in a 3D LTCC structure. Suspended and inverted microstrip lines have lower insertion losses than standard microstrip lines due to the air gap between the line and the ground plane (reduced dielectric losses). Low loss structures are necessary to be able to measure low loss dielectrics. Such suspended or inverted microstrip lines can be easily achieved in LTCC by implementing a cavity structure. In- and outlets allow filling the cavity with fluids after an initial S-parameter measurement of line properties (impedance, insertion loss, phase velocity). Measuring is repeated once the assembly material is cured. The change in impedance, phase velocity and insertion contains the information about the material under test. Its properties are derived by curve fitting methods with a 3D electromagnetic field simulator. It is also possible to implement line resonators instead of through lines. In the latter case, the resonant frequency shift and the quality factor contains the material information. The procedure is demonstrated on a multilayer LTCC substrate based on low loss DP 9k7 and a commercial underfill material.

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Bogner, Andreas, Carsten Steiner, Stefanie Walter, Jaroslaw Kita, Gunter Hagen, and Ralf Moos. "Planar Microstrip Ring Resonator Structure for Gas Sensing and Humidity Sensing Purposes." Proceedings 1, no. 4 (2017): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings1040414.

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A planar microstrip ring resonator structure on alumina was developed. It was covered with a zeolite film. The device was successfully operated at around 8.5 GHz at room temperature as a humidity sensor. In the next step, an additional planar heater will be included on the reverse side of the resonator structure to allow for testing of gas sensitive materials under sensor conditions.

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Eldek, Abdelnasser A. "MINIATURIZED MICROSTRIP-FED CIRCULAR SPLIT RING RESONATOR ANTENNA." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 17 (2010): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc10102011.

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Gopalakrishnan, G. K., B. W. Fairchild, C. L. Yeh, et al. "Microwave performance of nonlinear optoelectronic microstrip ring resonator." Electronics Letters 27, no. 2 (1991): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19910081.

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Jarauta, Eduardo, Francisco Falcone, and Miguel Beruete. "High-Qseries coupled microstrip split-ring resonator device." Waves in Random and Complex Media 24, no. 2 (2014): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17455030.2014.904534.

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Alphones, A., and M. Thanigasalem. "Magnetically tunable microstrip ring resonator with YIG film." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 12, no. 1 (1996): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(199605)12:1<34::aid-mop10>3.0.co;2-9.

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Kyoung, Un-Hwan, Gun-Duk Kim, Sang-Shin Lee, and Yun-Seong Eo. "Microstrip ring resonator filter enabling enhanced sideband suppression." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 11 (2008): 2866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23795.

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Chen, Yuan-Bin, Cheng-Liang Huang, Shih-Sheng Liu, and Shih-Hung Lin. "Microstrip ring resonator bandpass filters using ceramic substrate." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 52, no. 1 (2009): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.24847.

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M., A. Sazali, A. Shairi N., and Zakaria Z. "Hybrid Microstrip Diplexer Design for Multi-band WiMAX Application in 2.3 and 3.5 GHz Bands." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 1 (2018): 576–84. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i1.pp576-584.

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In this paper, a design of hybrid microstrip diplexer is proposed for multi-band Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) application in 2.3 and 3.5 GHz bands. The diplexer consists of a combination of two different filter designs. These filters were designed based on microstripline coupling techniques in order to obtain minimum insertion losses and achieve the desired frequency bandwidth. Therefore, a coupled open loop ring resonator was chosen for the filter design in 2.3 GHz band and a folded coupled line resonator was chosen for the filter design in 3.5 GHz band. Then, these filters were combined with a ring manifold matching network to be a hybrid microstrip diplexer. Based on the results, good agreements were achieved between the simulation and measurement results in terms of insertion loss, return loss and bandwidth in the 2.3 and 3.5 GHz bands.

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Wahhab, Ahmed Adnan, Ali A. Abduljabar, and Hayder Jawad Albattat. "Microstrip Stopband Split Ring Resonator For Microwave Microfluidic Sensing." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 13, no. 2 (2020): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v13i2.632.

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Stopband split ring resonator (SSRR) is presented in this paper for measuring complex permittivity of liquid with different position of microfluidic channel operates at resonant frequency of 1 GHz. The sensor was fabricated and microfluidic channel is located in the gap groove with two different positions of the carrier where the electric field is as large as possible. The sensor has been tested with several solvents to verify its sensitivity where the electric field interacts with the liquid filled in a quartz tube and hence alter the SRR behavior. The electromagnetic properties (complex permittivity) of the solvent can be extracted from shift in the resonant frequency of the resonator due to perturbation phenomenon.

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