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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microtubule aster

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Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Microtubule aster'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Microtubule aster"

1

Bringmann, Henrik. "Mechanical and genetic separation of aster- and midzone-positioned cytokinesis." Biochemical Society Transactions 36, no. 3 (2008): 381–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0360381.

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The mitotic spindle positions the cytokinesis furrow. The cytokinesis furrow then forms and ingresses at the site of the mitotic spindle, between the spindle poles. Two populations of spindle microtubules are implicated in cytokinesis furrow positioning: radial microtubule arrays called asters and bundled non-kinetochore microtubules called the spindle midzone. Here I will discuss our recent results that provided examples of how aster-positioned and midzone-positioned cytokinesis can be mechanically and genetically separated. These experiments illustrate how asters and midzone contribute to cy

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2

Tse, Yu Chung, Alisa Piekny, and Michael Glotzer. "Anillin promotes astral microtubule-directed cortical myosin polarization." Molecular Biology of the Cell 22, no. 17 (2011): 3165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-05-0399.

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Assembly of a cytokinetic contractile ring is a form of cell polarization in which the equatorial cell cortex becomes differentiated from the polar regions. Microtubules direct cytokinetic polarization via the central spindle and astral microtubules. The mechanism of central spindle–directed furrow formation is reasonably well understood, but the aster-directed pathway is not. In aster-directed furrowing, cytoskeletal factors accumulate to high levels at sites distal to the asters and at reduced levels at cortical sites near the asters. In this paper, we demonstrate that the cytoskeletal organ

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3

Sider, J. R., C. A. Mandato, K. L. Weber, et al. "Direct observation of microtubule-f-actin interaction in cell free lysates." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 12 (1999): 1947–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.12.1947.

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Coordinated interplay of the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons has long been known to be crucial for many cellular processes including cell migration and cytokinesis. However, interactions between these two systems have been difficult to document by conventional approaches, for a variety of technical reasons. Here the distribution of f-actin and microtubules were analyzed in the absence of fixation using Xenopus egg extracts as an in vitro source of microtubules and f-actin, demembranated Xenopus sperm to nucleate microtubule asters, fluorescent phalloidin as a probe for f-actin, and fluores

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4

Nguyen, P. A., C. M. Field, and T. J. Mitchison. "Prc1E and Kif4A control microtubule organization within and between large Xenopus egg asters." Molecular Biology of the Cell 29, no. 3 (2018): 304–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e17-09-0540.

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Prc1E and Kif4A prune out anti-parallel microtubules in the huge asters that position cleavage furrows in Xenopus eggs. Within asters, this promotes radial order in the face of the randomizing effect of nucleation away from centrosomes. At boundaries between asters, it blocks growth of a microtubule from one aster into its neighbor.

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5

Kotani, Tomoya, та Masakane Yamashita. "Overexpression of truncated γ-tubulins disrupts mitotic aster formation in Xenopus oocyte extracts". Biochemical Journal 389, № 3 (2005): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20050243.

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Mechanisms of spindle pole formation rely on minus-end-directed motor proteins. γ-Tubulin is present at the centre of poles, but its function during pole formation is completely unknown. To address the role of γ-tubulin in spindle pole formation, we overexpressed GFP (green fluorescent protein)-fused γ-tubulin (γ-Tu-GFP) in Xenopus oocytes and produced self-assembled mitotic asters in the oocyte extracts. γ-Tu-GFP associated with endogenous α-, β- and γ-tubulin, suggesting that it acts in the same manner as that of endogenous γ-tubulin. During the process of aster formation, γ-Tu-GFP aggregate

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6

Dogterom, M., M. A. Félix, C. C. Guet, and S. Leibler. "Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotropy of microtubule asters." Journal of Cell Biology 133, no. 1 (1996): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.133.1.125.

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In many eukaryotic cells going through M-phase, a bipolar spindle is formed by microtubules nucleated from centrosomes. These microtubules, in addition to being "captured" by kinetochores, may be stabilized by chromatin in two different ways: short-range stabilization effects may affect microtubules in close contact with the chromatin, while long-range stabilization effects may "guide" microtubule growth towards the chromatin (e.g., by introducing a diffusive gradient of an enzymatic activity that affects microtubule assembly). Here, we use both meiotic and mitotic extracts from Xenopus laevis

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7

Tanimoto, Hirokazu, Akatsuki Kimura, and Nicolas Minc. "Shape–motion relationships of centering microtubule asters." Journal of Cell Biology 212, no. 7 (2016): 777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201510064.

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Although mechanisms that contribute to microtubule (MT) aster positioning have been extensively studied, still little is known on how asters move inside cells to faithfully target a cellular location. Here, we study sperm aster centration in sea urchin eggs, as a stereotypical large-scale aster movement with extreme constraints on centering speed and precision. By tracking three-dimensional aster centration dynamics in eggs with manipulated shapes, we show that aster geometry resulting from MT growth and interaction with cell boundaries dictates aster instantaneous directionality, yielding cel

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8

Zhang, C., M. Hughes, and P. R. Clarke. "Ran-GTP stabilises microtubule asters and inhibits nuclear assembly in Xenopus egg extracts." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 14 (1999): 2453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.14.2453.

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Ran is an abundant GTPase of the Ras superfamily that is highly conserved in eukaryotes. In interphase cells, Ran is mainly nuclear and thought to be predominantly GTP-bound, but it is also present in the cytoplasm, probably GDP-bound. This asymmetric distribution plays an important role in directing nucleocytoplasmic transport. Ran has also been implicated in cell cycle control, including the transition from mitosis to interphase when the compartmentalisation of the nucleus is established. Here, we have examined the role of Ran in this transition using a cell-free system of Xenopus egg extrac

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9

Schroeder, M. M., and D. L. Gard. "Organization and regulation of cortical microtubules during the first cell cycle of Xenopus eggs." Development 114, no. 3 (1992): 699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.114.3.699.

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Anti-tubulin antibodies and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy were used to examine the organization and regulation of cytoplasmic and cortical microtubules during the first cell cycle of fertilized Xenopus eggs. Appearance of microtubules in the egg cortex temporally coincided with the outgrowth of the sperm aster. Microtubules of the sperm aster first reached the animal cortex at 0.25, (times normalized to first cleavage), forming a radially organized array of cortical microtubules. A disordered network of microtubules was apparent in the vegetal cortex as early as 0.35. Cortical microtu

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10

Schroeder, T. E., and D. E. Battaglia. ""Spiral asters" and cytoplasmic rotation in sea urchin eggs: induction in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus eggs by elevated temperature." Journal of Cell Biology 100, no. 4 (1985): 1056–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.100.4.1056.

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"Spiral asters" composed of swirls of subcortical microtubules were recently described in fertilized eggs of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. In our study, these structures did not occur at culture temperatures below 16 degrees C. When the culture temperature was elevated, however, "spiral asters" routinely appeared during a susceptible period before mitotic prophase when the sperm aster-diaster normally exists. A massive and protracted rotation of the cytoplasm (excluding an immobile cortex and perinuclear region) began within 1 min of exposure to elevated temperature. Fibrils of

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