Relevant bibliographies by topics / Motor regularity

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Motor regularity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Motor regularity"

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DeVille, R. E. Lee, and Eric Vanden-Eijnden. "Regularity and Synchrony in Motor Proteins." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 70, no. 2 (2007): 484–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11538-007-9266-1.

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van Vugt, Floris T., and Barbara Tillmann. "Auditory feedback in error-based learning of motor regularity." Brain Research 1606 (May 2015): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.026.

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Hayashida, Kazuki, Yuki Nishi, Akihiro Masuike, and Shu Morioka. "Intentional Binding Effects in the Experience of Noticing the Regularity of a Perceptual-Motor Task." Brain Sciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090659.

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Noticing the regularity of the task is necessary to enhance motor performance. The experience of noticing further motivates improvement in motor performance. Motor control is explained by a comparator model that modifies the motor command to reduce discrepancies between sensory predictions and actual outcomes. A similar model could apply to sense of agency (SoA). SoA refers to the sensation of controlling one’s own actions and, through them, the outcomes in the external world. SoA may also be enhanced by the experience of noticing errors. We recently reported gradual enhancement of SoA in participants with high perceptual-motor performance. However, what component of the motor task changed the SoA is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence over time of the experience of noticing during a motor task on SoA. Participants performed an implicit regularity perceptual-motor task and an intentional binding task (a method that can quantitatively measure SoA) simultaneously. We separated participants into groups after the experiment based on noticing or not noticing the regularity. SoA was gradually enhanced in the noticing group, compared with that of the non-noticing group. The results suggest that the experience of noticing may enhance SoA during perceptual-motor tasks.
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Kitamura, M., J. Kaneda, and N. Hino. "Motor design approach utilizing regularity of a two-dimensional magnetic field." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 39, no. 3 (2003): 1464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2003.810534.

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Button, Chris, Dominic Orth, Keith Davids, and Ludovic Seifert. "The influence of hold regularity on perceptual-motor behaviour in indoor climbing." European Journal of Sport Science 18, no. 8 (2018): 1090–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1472812.

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Ding, Shu Ye, and Fan Dong Meng. "Investigation of Temperature Field of the Canned Motor of Nuclear Primary Pump." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.547.

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The safe operation of canned motor in nuclear primary pump is very important for nuclear power station. Taken a 5500KW large canned motor of nuclear primary pump as an example, physical model of three dimensional fluid and temperature coupled field was established. The motor temperature distribution under nominal working condition was calculated by using finite volume method. By calculation, revealing the temperature distribution regularity of stator strands, rotor bars, stator core and rotor core, which have significant reference value to structure design of canned motor.
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Bonnette, Scott, Jed A. Diekfuss, Dustin R. Grooms, and Gregory D. Myer. "PROSPECTIVE MEASURES OF INTRA-REGION BRAIN REGULARITY DIFFERENTIATES ACL INJURED AND UNINJURED ATHLETES." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4_suppl3 (2020): 2325967120S0027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00270.

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Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are debilitating for athletes. While numerous motor and biomechanical deficits contribute to the inciting ACL injury mechanism, the limited knowledge about the underlying neural drivers of these deficits has impeded intervention development to reduce ACL injury rates. A prospective investigation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in female soccer players revealed decreased connectivity between the primary somatosensory cortex and cerebellum for athletes that went on to ACL injury athletes compared to their healthy teammates. Although information about inter-region connectivity patterns is informative, this finding does elucidate the individual, intra-region brain activity that may be further underlie ACL injury mechanisms. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the intra-region regularity of the blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal activity in 25 knee-related regions of interests (ROI) between athletes who sustained an ACL injury and matched controls. Methods: Adolescent female soccer athletes were evaluated using fMRI to capture resting-state brain connectivity prior to their competitive season. Two of these athletes (16.0±0yrs, 169.0±2.8cm, 60.1±8.3kg) later experienced an ACL injury and were matched to eight uninjured teammates (15.9±0.8yrs, 164.0±4.9cm, 58.3±7.6kg). Standard fMRI data processing was used to determine resting-state BOLD signal activity in 25 knee-related ROIs. Sample entropy (SampEn) was then used to quantify the regularity of each individual ROI. A lower SampEn value indicates a ROI’s BOLD signal activity was more regular (predictable) and a higher value indicates a signal’s activity was more irregular (unpredictable). T-tests—with a Bonferroni correction for the familywise error rate ( p < .002)—were used to compare SampEn values between both groups for all 25 ROIs. Results: ACL injured athletes ( M = 0.35±0.01) exhibited higher SampEn values in the left primary motor cortex than matched, uninjured athletes ( M = 0.29±0.02; t(8)=4.62, p=.0017, d=3.65). Conclusion: Athletes who sustained an ACL injury exhibited less regularity in BOLD signal activity of the left primary motor cortex. As the primary motor cortex serves as the final destination in the brain before efferent information is sent to the spinal cord to initiate movement, decreased BOLD signal regularity in this region may alter such cortical-spinal transmission. Considering ACL injuries often occur during unpredictable environments, irregular activity of motor cortex activity may dampen an athlete’s ability to sustain a safe knee position. These findings may help to guide development of brain-driven biofeedback training to promote adaptive neuroplasticity that ‘pushes’ the motor cortex towards more regular activity. [Figure: see text]
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Shafer, Robin L., Zheng Wang, James Bartolotti, and Matthew W. Mosconi. "35156 Sensory mechanisms of atypical motor variability and regularity in autism spectrum disorder." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.650.

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ABSTRACT IMPACT: This project aims to better understand mechanisms of sensory and motor deficits in individuals with ASD with the goal of informing diagnosis and treatment development. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Over-reliance on both visual and proprioceptive feedback have both been observed during motor behavior in persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), suggesting that separate sensory feedback processes may be selectively altered during different behaviors. The objective of this study is to clarify sensory mechanisms of fine motor control in ASD. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants with ASD (N=43) and controls (N=23) matched on age (10-20 yrs) and non-verbal IQ completed tests of precision gripping. Participants were instructed to press on force sensors with their index finger and thumb so that a moving bar corresponding to their force output reached and stayed as stable as possible at the level of a stationary target bar. Visual feedback was manipulated by changing the visual gain of the force bar (low, medium and high). The force bar moved more per change in force output at higher gains. Proprioceptive feedback was manipulated by applying 80 Hz tendon vibration at the wrist to induce an illusion of muscle contraction. This was compared to a condition with the tendon vibrator turned off. Force variability (standard deviation) and regularity (sample entropy) were examined. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Controls showed increased force variability with the tendon vibration on compared to off (t = -3.372, p < 0.001); however, the ASD group showed no difference in force variability between the tendon vibration conditions (t = -0.960, p = 0.338). Individuals with ASD had stronger age-associated reductions in force variability relative to controls across tendon vibrator and gain conditions (Group x Age: t = -4.05, p < .001). The ASD group also had greater age-associated increases in force regularity relative to controls, especially at higher gain levels (Group x Gain Level x Age: t = -3.22, p = 0.001). Unlike the ASD group for whom regularity increased with age in both tendon vibration conditions, controls only showed these age-related gains when the tendon vibrator was off (Group x Vibration Frequency x Age: t = 2.46, p = .014). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Our findings indicate that while controls integrate proprioceptive and visual feedback online to accurately adjust fine motor behavior, persons with ASD rely mostly on visual feedback. Our results suggest delayed development of sensory integration and reduced reliance on multisensory feedback during online fine motor control in persons with ASD.
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De Beaumont, Louis, David Mongeon, Sébastien Tremblay, et al. "Persistent Motor System Abnormalities in Formerly Concussed Athletes." Journal of Athletic Training 46, no. 3 (2011): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-46.3.234.

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Context: The known detrimental effects of sport concussions on motor system function include balance problems, slowed motor execution, and abnormal motor cortex excitability. Objective: To assess whether these concussion-related alterations of motor system function are still evident in collegiate football players who sustained concussions but returned to competition more than 9 months before testing. Design: Case-control study. Setting: University laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A group of 21 active, university-level football players who had experienced concussions was compared with 15 university football players who had not sustained concussions. Intervention(s): A force platform was used to assess center-of-pressure (COP) displacement and COP oscillation regularity (approximate entropy) as measures of postural stability in the upright position. A rapid alternating-movement task was also used to assess motor execution speed. Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the motor cortex was used to measure long-interval intracortical inhibition and the cortical silent period, presumably reflecting γ-aminobutyric acid subtype B receptor-mediated intracortical inhibition. Main Outcome Measure(s): COP displacement and oscillation regularity, motor execution speed, long-interval intracortical inhibition, cortical silent period. Results: Relative to controls, previously concussed athletes showed persistently lower COP oscillation randomness, normal performance on a rapid alternating-movement task, and more M1 intracortical inhibition that was related to the number of previous concussions. Conclusions: Sport concussions were associated with pervasive changes in postural control and more M1 intracortical inhibition, providing neurophysiologic and behavioral evidence of lasting, subclinical changes in motor system integrity in concussed athletes.
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Chatain, Cyril, Mathieu Gruet, Jean-Marc Vallier, and Sofiane Ramdani. "Effects of Nonstationarity on Muscle Force Signals Regularity During a Fatiguing Motor Task." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 28, no. 1 (2020): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2019.2955808.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Motor regularity"

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Van, Vugt Floris Tijmen. "Sounds on time : auditory feedback in learning, re-learning and over-learning of motor regularity." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10232.

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Le feedback auditif se définit comme un signal auditif qui contient de l'information sur un mouvement. Il a été montré que le feedback auditif peut guider le mouvement en temps réel, mais son influence sur l'apprentissage moteur est moins clair. Cette thèse a pour but d'examiner l'influence du feedback auditif sur l'apprentissage moteur, en se focalisant sur le contrôle temporel des mouvements. Premièrement, nous étudions l'apprentissage moteur chez les non-musiciens sains et montrons qu'ils bénéficient de l'information temporelle contenue dans le feedback auditif et qu'ils sont sensibles aux distorsions de cette information temporelle. Deuxièmement, nous appliquons ces connaissances à la réhabilitation de patients cérébro-lésés. Nous trouvons que ces patients améliorent leurs capacités de mouvement mais ne dépendent pas de la correspondance temporelle entre le mouvement et le son. Paradoxalement, ces patients ont même bénéficié des distorsions temporelles dans le feedback. Troisièmement, nous étudions les experts musicaux, car ils ont établi des liens particulièrement forts entre leur mouvement et le son. Nous développons de nouveaux outils d'analyse qui nous permettent de séparer les déviations temporelles en variation systématique et non-systématique. Le résultat principal est que ces experts sont devenus largement indépendants du feedback auditif. La proposition centrale de cette thèse est que le feedback auditif joue un rôle dans l'apprentissage moteur de la régularité, mais la façon dont le cerveau l'utilise dépend de la population étudiée. Ces résultats donnent une nouvelle perspective sur l'intégration audio-motrice et contribuent au développement de nouvelles approches pour l'apprentissage de la musique et la réhabilitation<br>Auditory feedback is an auditory signal that contains information about performed movement. Music performance is an excellent candidate to study its influence on motor actions, since the auditory result is the explicit goal of the movement. Indeed, auditory feedback can guide online motor actions, but its influence on motor learning has been investigated less. This thesis investigates the influence of auditory feedback in motor learning, focusing particularly on how we learn temporal control over movements. First, we investigate motor learning in non-musicians, finding that they benefit from temporal information supplied by the auditory signal and are sensitive to distortions of this temporal information. Second, we turn to stroke patients that are re-learning motor actions in a rehabilitation setting. Patients improved their movement capacities but did not depend on the time-locking between movements and the resulting auditory feedback. Surprisingly, they appear to benefit from distortions in feedback. Third, we investigate musical experts, who arguably have established strong links between movement and auditory feedback. We develop a novel analysis framework that allows us to segment timing into systematic and non-systematic variability. Our finding is that these experts have become largely independent of the auditory feedback. The main claim defended in this thesis is that auditory feedback can and does play a role in motor learning of regularity, but the way in which it is used varies qualitatively between different populations. These findings provide new insights into auditory-motor integration and are relevant for developing new perspectives on the role of music in training and rehabilitation settings
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Van, Vugt Floris. "Sounds on time: auditory feedback in motor learning, re-learning and over-learning of timing regularity." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915893.

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Le feedback auditif se définit comme un signal auditif qui contient de l'information sur un mouvement. Il a été montré que le feedback auditif peut guider le mouvement en temps réel, mais son influence sur l'apprentissage moteur est moins clair. Cette thèse a pour but d'examiner l'influence du feedback auditif sur l'apprentissage moteur, en se focalisant sur le contrôle temporel des mouvements. Premièrement, nous étudions l'apprentissage moteur chez les non-musiciens sains et montrons qu'ils bénéficient de l'information temporelle contenue dans le feedback auditif et qu'ils sont sensibles aux distortions de cette information temporelle. Deuxièmement, nous appliquons ces connaissances à la rehabilitation de patients cérébro-lésés. Nous trouvons que ces patients améliorent leurs capacités de mouvement mais ne dépendent pas de la correspondance temporelle entre le mouvement et le son. Paradoxalement, ces patients ont même benéficié des distortions temporelles dans le feedback. Troisièmement, nous étudions les experts musicaux, car ils ont établi des liens particulièrement forts entre leur mouvement et le son. Nous développons de nouveaux outils d'analyse qui nous permettent de séparer les déviations temporelles en variation systématique et non-systématique. Le résultat principal est que ces experts sont devenu largement indépendents du feedback auditif. La proposition centrale de cette thèse est que le feedback auditif joue un rôle dans l'apprentissage moteur de la regularité, mais la façon dont le cerveau l'utilise dépend de la population étudiée. Ces résultats donnent une nouvelle perspective sur l'intégration audio-motrice et contribuent au développement de nouvelles approches pour l'apprentissage de la musique et la réhabilitation.
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Books on the topic "Motor regularity"

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Nobre, Anna C. (Kia), and Gustavo Rohenkohl. Time for the Fourth Dimension in Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.036.

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This chapter takes attention into the fourth dimension by considering research that explores how predictive information in the temporal structure of events can contribute to optimizing perception. The authors review behavioural and neural findings from three lines of investigation in which the temporal regularity and predictability of events are manipulated through rhythms, hazard functions, and cues. The findings highlight the fundamental role temporal expectations play in shaping several aspects of performance, from early perceptual analysis to motor preparation. They also reveal modulation of neural activity by temporal expectations all across the brain. General principles of how temporal expectations are generated and bias information processing are still emerging. The picture so far suggests that there may be multiple sources of temporal expectation, which can bias multiple stages of stimulus analysis depending on the stages of information processing that are critical for task performance. Neural oscillations are likely to provide an important medium through which the anticipated timing of events can regulate neuronal excitability.
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Corporation, General Motors, ed. Research, science and the motor car: A collection of eleven booklets regularly published seperately, dealing with various phases of the automobile. General Motors Corporation, 1988.

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Letendre, Scott, Jennifer Iudicello, Beau Ances, Thomas D. Marcotte, Serena Spudich, and Mary Ann Cohen. HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0016.

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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the central nervous system soon after infection; can infect glia and tissue macrophages in the brain; and can injure neurons, resulting in loss of dendrites. These and other processes underpin a syndrome of cognitive and motor impairment termed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). This chapter principally focuses on HAND, although delirium and other neurocognitive disorders are also discussed and should remain in the differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in persons with HIV. A differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in HIV also includes multimorbid conditions that can influence neurocognitive performance, such as metabolic syndrome, vascular disease, medication toxicity, and substance use disorders. When developing treatment recommendations for HAND, initiation of ART and treatment of multimorbid conditions and other neurocognitive disorders should be prioritized. It is important for clinicians to regularly monitor HIV patients for HAND and other neurocognitive disorders since cognitive impairment can affect activities of daily living; quality of life; adherence to risk reduction, medical care, and medication; and survival.
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Book chapters on the topic "Motor regularity"

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Edgerton, V. Reggie, Roland R. Roy, Daniel C. Lu, and Yury Gerasimenko. "Animal models of damage, repair, and plasticity in the spinal cord." In Oxford Textbook of Neurorehabilitation. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199673711.003.0013.

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Sensorimotor function can improve for years, even after a spinal cord injury (SCI). We also know that an effective intervention that can improve motor function is re-engagement of the spinal neural networks and that this regularity in re-engagement is fundamental to learning within the activated sensorimotor circuits. Several interventions have been developed allowing individuals with a SCI to re-engage sensorimotor circuits. These interventions enable spinal neural circuits to neuromodulatethe level of excitability closer to a near motor threshold state.This is because of the built-in level of automaticity within the spinal circuits that then is translated into motor commands specified by the sensory input. Another increasingly apparent feature of the spinal circuitry is the highly integrated nature of multiple physiological systems linked to load bearing sensory input. Thus it is clear that multiple physiological systems are highly responsive to activity-dependent interventions after a severe SCI and that this responsiveness can persist for years post-injury.
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Freund, Patrick, V. Reggie Edgerton, Roland R. Roy, Daniel C. Lu, and Yury Gerasimenko. "Animal models of damage, repair, and plasticity in the spinal cord." In Oxford Textbook of Neurorehabilitation, edited by Volker Dietz, Nick S. Ward, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198824954.003.0013.

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Sensorimotor function can improve for years, even after a spinal cord injury (SCI). We also know that an effective intervention that can improve motor function is re-engagement of the spinal neural networks through supraspinal control and that this regularity in re-engagement is fundamental to learning within the activated sensorimotor circuits. Several interventions, ranging from monoclonal antibodies against neurit outgrowth inhibitors to epidural electrical stimulation, have been developed allowing individuals with a SCI to re-engage sensorimotor circuits. These interventions enable spinal neural circuits to neuromodulate the level of excitability closer to a near motor threshold state. This is because of the built-in level of automaticity within the spinal circuits that then is translated into motor commands specified by the sensory input. Another increasingly apparent feature of the spinal circuitry is the highly integrated nature of multiple physiological systems linked to load bearing sensory input. Thus, it is clear that multiple physiological systems are highly responsive to activity-dependent interventions after a severe SCI and that this responsiveness can persist for years post-injury and be therapeutically modulated.
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Chalfant, James A., and Nancy E. Wallace. "Bayesian Analysis and Regularity Conditions on Flexible Functional forms: Application to the U.S. Motor Carrier Industry." In Readings in Econometric Theory and Practice - A Volume in Honor of George Judge. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89574-5.50013-7.

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Anderson, David M., and Andrew C. McKevitt. "From “the Chosen” to the Precariat." In Reconsidering Southern Labor History. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056975.003.0017.

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Beginning in the 1970s, local boosters in the U.S. South offered lucrative incentives to attract foreign manufacturing firms, who, in turn, promised to uplift working-class southerners’ lives and modernize benighted rural areas with state-of-the-art “greenfield” plants and cutting-edge production techniques. Led by Japanese and German automotive companies, such as Nissan Motors in Smyrna, Tennessee, these “transplants” initially recruited a select group of “chosen” workers, most of whom saw themselves as middle-class “technicians” rather than as proletarianized factory workers. Despite subjecting their assembly-line workers to physically demanding conditions, the transplants’ strategy of hiring “chosen” workers thwarted organized labor’s attempts to unionize their plants. By the twenty-first century, however, foreign-owned transplants have increasingly filled positions with lower-paid temporary workers hired from third-party contractors. These “permatemps” regularly face deteriorating work conditions while lacking the employment security, benefits, and job stability enjoyed by the “chosen” workers. In effect, the South’s foreign-owned transplants have created a three-tiered industrial workforce, with “chosen” workers at the top, followed by a frustrated pro-union proletariat in the middle, and a “precariat” composed of temporary workers at the bottom.
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Conference papers on the topic "Motor regularity"

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Scirè Mammano, Giovanni, and Eugenio Dragoni. "Design and Characterization of a Continuous Rotary Minimotor Based on Shape Memory Wires and Overrunning Clutches." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8806.

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An attractive but little explored field of application of the shape memory technology is the area of rotary actuators, in particular for generating endless motion. This paper presents a miniature rotary motor based on SMA wires and overrunning clutches which produces high output torque and unlimited rotation. The concept features a SMA wire tightly wound around a low-friction cylindrical drum to convert wire strains into large rotations within a compact package. The seesaw motion of the drum ensuing from repeated contraction-elongation cycles of the wire is converted into unidirectional motion of the output shaft by an overrunning clutch fitted between drum and shaft. Following a design process developed in a former paper, a six-stage prototype with size envelope of 48×22×30 mm is built and tested. Diverse supply strategy are implemented to optimize either the output torque or the speed regularity of the motor with the following results: maximum torque = 20 Nmm; specific torque = 6.31×10−4 Nmm/mm3; rotation per module = 15 deg; free continuous speed = 4 rpm.
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Vdovina, L. N. "ORGANIZATION OF MOTOR ACTIVITY OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH THE USE OF HEALTH-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES." In Х Всероссийская научно-практическая конференция. Нижневартовский государственный университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/fks-2020/08.

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The article says that children currently lack movement. In the course of the study, it was revealed that through simple measures it is possible to increase the motor activity of an entire class and if this is carried out regularly, to bring the indicators to the optimal norm. By interacting with parents, children can be motivated to a healthy lifestyle.
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Čillík, Ivan, and Miriam Karperová. "Eficiency of Jumping Preparation in Younger Pupils in Athletics." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-42.

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The aim was to find out, compare and evaluate the eficiency of take-off preparation for selected indicators of motor performance in athletes in the category of younger pupils. The monitored group consisted of 5 girls (average age 12.4 ± 0.22 year) and 4 boys (average age 12.9 ± 0.12 year) regularly participating in the training process three times a week. During 8 weeks in the racing period, take-off preparation was applied in the training pro-cess, consisting of two different batteries of take-off drills. The take-off preparation took place two to three times a week, taking into account the participation of athletes in the race. We performed the following tests to determine the eficiency of the take-off preparation to change the level of motor performance in selected indicators: 50m run, 20m cursory run, standing long jump, vertical jump with countermovement without arm swing and repeated vertical take-off drills without arm swing in 10s. We found that in the output measurement, the athletes of monitored group achieved an improvement in motor performance in tests for explosive power of lower limbs and the maximum running speed tests.
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Quaglia, Giuseppe, Walter Franco, and Matteo Nisi. "Design of a Reconfiguration Mechanism for an Electric Stair-Climbing Wheelchair." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37055.

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In this paper is described a new solution for a stair-climbing wheelchair: a device that allows disabled people to autonomously overcome architectural barriers. The paper presents the evolution of a project introduced in previous works. The aim is to obtain a wheelchair able to move both in structured and unstructured environments and overcome single steps or an entire staircase. The innovative aspect of this work is the introduction of a hybrid solution, with a locomotion system based on wheels and an idle track for the vehicle stability. The locomotion group permits to overcome obstacles through an original architecture based on an epicycloidal transmission. The control logic manages the motors that drive independently the two degrees of freedom of the transmission and allows to switch from an advancing mode to a climbing one. The wheelchair must be able to move in different environments, such as flat ground or stairs, which require different specifications, sometimes in contrast. For this reason the main part of the work regards the design of a reconfiguration mechanism able to prepare the wheelchair for different working conditions. First of all the relative positions between the elements that compose the wheelchair structure in different configuration are studied in order to optimize the performances especially in terms of regularity. Then several possible solutions for the reconfiguration mechanism are presented and qualitatively evaluated, in order to choose the one that satisfy the design specifications.
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