Relevant bibliographies by topics / Multipaction

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Multipaction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Multipaction"

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Chanakya, Talur, N. K. Manker, V. B. Naidu, and S. K. Datta. "Multipaction Susceptibility Margins in Space Travelling wave Tubes." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 03 (2021): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16769.

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Study of multipaction breakdown margins in the output connector of a travelling-wave tube (TWT) is essential for application in satellite-borne systems. A TWT uses a coaxial ceramic window, a coaxial output coupler and / or a waveguide output coupler that are prone to multipaction breakdown boosted by high RF power due to the ion accumulation in critical regions during the transition of the satellite through plasma pockets in space. A detailed procedure for estimating the multipaction susceptibility margins in a TWT using CST studio and analytical equations is presented in this paper, and output couplers of two typical TWTs are analysed and the results are presented.
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Subramanyam, A. V. G., D. Siva Reddy, V. K. Hariharan, V. V. Srinivasan, and Ajay Chakrabarty. "High Power Combline Filter for Deep Space Applications." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2014 (September 14, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/396494.

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An S-band, compact, high power filter, for use in the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), has been designed and tested for multipaction. The telemetry, tracking, and commanding (TT&C) transponder of MOM is required to handle continuous RF power of 200 W in the telemetry path besides simultaneously maintaining an isolation of greater than 145 dBc to its sensitive telecommand path. This is accomplished with the help of a complex diplexer, requiring high power, high rejection transmit path filter, and a low power receive path filter. To reduce the complexity in the multipaction-free design and testing, the transmit path filter of the diplexer is split into a low rejection filter integral to the diplexer and an external high rejection filter. This paper highlights the design and space qualification phases of this high rejection filter. Multipaction test results with 6 dB margin are also presented. Major concerns of this filter design are isolation, insertion loss, and multipaction. Mission performance of the on-board filter is normal.
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Udiljak, R., D. Anderson, P. Ingvarson, et al. "New method for detection of multipaction." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 31, no. 3 (2003): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2003.811646.

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Zhang, Lei, Yongdong Li, Shu Lin, et al. "Numerical simulation and analysis of passive intermodulation caused by multipaction." Physics of Plasmas 25, no. 8 (2018): 082301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5027061.

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Cui, Wan-Zhao, Yun Li, Jing Yang, et al. "An efficient multipaction suppression method in microwave components for space application." Chinese Physics B 25, no. 6 (2016): 068401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/25/6/068401.

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Lobzov, L. D., N. G. Shulika, and V. N. Belan. "Control of Multipaction Discharges in High-Quality Structure of Linear Accelerator of Ions." Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 68, no. 15 (2009): 1369–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/telecomradeng.v68.i15.60.

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Ayllon, Natanael, and Pier Giorgio Arpesi. "Highly Efficient and Multipaction-Free P-Band GaN High-Power Amplifiers for Space Applications." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 63, no. 12 (2015): 4429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2015.2493550.

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Radmilovic-Radjenovic, Marija, Petar Belicev, and Branislav Radjenovic. "Study of multipactor effect with applications to superconductive radiofrequency cavities." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 32, no. 2 (2017): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1702115r.

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In this paper a one-dimensional Particle-in-Cell/Monte Carlo collision code has been used in order to study characteristics of multipactors. For multipactor to occur each electron striking the surface must generate more than one secondary on average. The ratio of primary to secondary electrons is given by the secondary emission yield. For this study, calculations were carried out by using Sternglass model that includes energy dependence of the secondary emission yield. The obtained simulation results for the pressure dependence of the breakdown time follow the scaling law. Number of electrons increases in time, while their mean energy decreases. Since secondary electron emission at the cavity surface plays an important role, simulation results, presented here, can help cavity designers predict multipacting issues before fabrication.
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Chang, C., G. Z. Liu, J. Y. Fang, et al. "Field distribution, HPM multipactor, and plasma discharge on the periodic triangular surface." Laser and Particle Beams 28, no. 1 (2010): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034610000066.

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AbstractThe field distribution and the restraint effect of multipactor and plasma discharge on the periodic triangular surface have been theoretically and experimentally analyzed. It has been found by computational and simulative analysis that the periodic profile can quickly restrain or weaken multipactor and plasma discharge in low pressure within several microwave periods. Considering the field enhancement, increasing the slope angle, advancing the electric field, and lowering the frequency can enhance the multipactor suppression. X-band giga-watt high power microwave experiment with 20 ns short pulse was conducted. It was demonstrated that the periodic profile can effectively improve the breakdown threshold and slower the speed of tail erosion.
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Vaughan, J. R. M. "Multipactor." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 35, no. 7 (1988): 1172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/16.3387.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multipaction"

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Janzon, Alexandra. "Applications and Limitations of the Hybrid L1/L2Multicarrier Analysis Method." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86347.

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The multipactor phenomenon is a major concern in modern satellites that operate with highpower transmission in many frequency bands. It occurs when electrons inside RF componentsare accelerated by the RF fields. These electrons then hit walls inside the device, produc-ing secondary electrons. As the number of electrons increases, it may create noise inside thecomponent, thus deteriorating the original signal-to-noise ratio. When designing radio fre-quency equipment for space applications, it is therefore important to know at which powerlevels this occurs. Multicarrier simulations are time consuming and demand high amounts ofcomputer resources. In this thesis the hybrid L1/L2 method has been tested, which is a methodthat separates the geometric and multicarrier simulations into two parts resulting in a shortercomputation time. The conclusion is that the method is more reliable than single carrier sim-ulations, and that it can be used as a first step in the designing process of RF components.It is also a way of estimating a preliminary threshold before starting a full-scale multicarriersimulation.
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Anza, Hormigo Sergio. "Multipactor in Multicarrier Systems. Theory and Prediction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/38761.

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This work presents a new theoretical framework and prediction tool for multipactor in multi-carrier systems. This is of capital importance for satellite communication applications, which demand for higher number of channels operating at high power levels. Such a tool may help to reduce, or completely avoid, the risk of having an RF breakdown in operation, with the subsequent loss of signal quality or even completely damage of the device. Currently not much is known about multipactor for multi-carrier signals. This Thesis throws light on some basic multipactor mechanisms such as the electronic discharge build-up or its connection with signal distortion. A new non-stationary multi-carrier theory, based on current statistical multipactor studies, is presented. Unlike existing ones, this theory is able, for the first time, to model both electron creation and absorption processes. It constitutes the first multipactor theory for multi-carrier signals which is able to fully characterize the electron dynamics, such as the time evolution of the electronic density, as well as creation and absorption rates. A prediction method, the quasi-stationary method, is proposed for the automatic searching of the combination of carrier phases which yields the lowest breakdown level. It is based on the non-stationary theory for singlecarrier signals together with a genetic global optimizer. The quasi-stationary prediction method returns the worst-case phase combination plus a breakdown level for arbitrary multi-carrier signals with any number of carriers. The quasi-statinary method has been assessed with experimental tests on ad-hoc Ku-band rectangular waveguide samples with different multi-carrier signals. Additionally, the results have been contrasted with the popular 20-gap-crossing rule. The quasi-stationary method yields much better prediction accuracy than the 20-gap-crossing rule. Prediction errors for both techniques have been found to be 1 dB and 4 dB, respectively. The non-stationary theory is formulated for one-dimensional parallelplate case, but in principle can be adapted to other geometries and signals, which opens a future research line for extending it to more complex applications.<br>Anza Hormigo, S. (2014). Multipactor in Multicarrier Systems. Theory and Prediction [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/38761<br>TESIS
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Goudket, Philippe Andre. "A study of multipacting in rectangular waveguide geometries." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2004. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/76622/.

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Electron multipacting is a resonant process by which electrons build-up under the influence of a radio-frequency (RF) field. This process can occur in evacuated RF equipment such as the input coupler of accelerator cavities. The superconducting RF cavities designed by Cornell University, that are used in a number of synchrotron light sources including the DIAMOND Light Source, have had a history of vacuum breakdown in the CESR ring at Cornell with frequencies that would be inappropriate for a reliable synchrotron facility. This work aims to understand and correct the problem and ensure smooth operation of the cavities. The cause of the vacuum breakdown hindering the cavities’ operation at Cornell was identified as being multipactor in the rectangular input coupler waveguide. Prior studies carried out by R.L. Geng at Cornell University identified a number of solutions which he proposed to verify experimentally. Two series of experiments were carried out at Cornell University on short waveguide sections. The first session allowed us to observe, measure and attempt to suppress multipactor using techniques such as a longitudinal static magnetic bias field and a groove cut along the waveguide centreline. While the first technique was found to be quite effective, since a relatively weak 10G field was found to be sufficient to achieve complete multipactor suppression, the groove did not allow such total suppression of the multipactor though it did mitigate its effects. The second experimental session was designed to complement the first. The waveguide allowed the testing of other methods such as multiple grooves, a ridge in place of the groove, or surface coatings. The ridge proved to be as effective as a groove with regards to multipactor suppression, while multiple grooves proved to increase rather than reduce the total multipacting current. The waveguide could also be heated or cooled to study the effect of baking the surface as well as that of condensed gases. Surface coatings were tested and found to have the expected effect of lowering the multipactor current, but the surface areas covered as well as the vacuum quality achieved were insufficient to conclusively validate the use of coatings as a means of achieving multipactor-free operation of the coupler. Both series of experiments provided extensive measurements of electron currents at various locations on the waveguide and at a range of RF power levels; these were compared to simulations of multipactor developed using the MAGIC PIC code. The code results and the simulations were found to agree closely when using a secondary electron model including backscattered low energy electrons. The code was able to predict the effectiveness of a ridge, as well as agreeing with experimental observations. Instead of sharply defined multipactor bands as predicted by simple multipactor models, the multipactor current (above a certain power level) does not disappear completely even though it may show peaks and troughs for various values of the RF power. In conclusion, the magnetic bias is the only proven method to ensure multipactor-free operation of the CESR-type cavities. A ridge or a groove cut along the centreline of the waveguide could be a simple, passive way of limiting and retarding the effects of multipactor in the input coupler, while coatings should certainly be considered, though more research is needed to fully validate the concept.
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Wang, Sihui. "Secondary electron yield measurements of anti-multipacting surfaces for accelerators." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23255.

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Electron cloud is an unwanted effect limiting the performance of particle accelerators with positively charged particle beams of high-intensity and short bunch spacing. However, electron cloud caused by beam induced multipacting can be sufficiently suppressed if the secondary electron yield (SEY) of accelerator chamber surface is lower than unity. Usually, the SEY is reduced by two ways: modification of surface chemistry and engineering the surface roughness. The objective of this PhD project is a systematic study of SEY as a function of various surface related parameters such as surface chemistry and surface morphology, as well as an effect of such common treatments for particle accelerators as beam pipe bakeout and surface conditioning with a beam, ultimately aiming to engineer the surfaces with low SEY for the electron cloud mitigation. In this work, transition metals and their coatings and laser treated surface were studied as a function of annealing treatment and electron bombardment. The transition metal thin films have been prepared by DC magnetron sputtering for further test. In the first two Chapter of this thesis, the literature review on electron emission effect is introduced, which includes the process of the electron emission, the influence factor and examples of low SEY materials. In the third Chapter, the experimental methods for SEY measurements and surface investigation used in this work are described. In Chapter 4, the SEY measurement setup which is built by myself are introduced in detail. In Chapter 5 transition metals and their coatings and non-evaporable getter (NEG) coatings have been studied. All the samples have been characterized by SEY measurements, their surface morphology was analysed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and their chemistry was studied with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Different surface treatments such as conditioning by electron beam, thermal treatment under vacuum on the sample surfaces have been investigated. For example, the maximum SEY (δmax) of as-received Ti, Zr, V and Hf were 2.30, 2.31, 1.72 and 2.45, respectively. After a dose of 7.9x10-3 C mm-2, δmax of Ti drops to 1.19. δmax for Zr, V and Hf drop to 1.27, 1.48 and 1.40 after doses of 6.4x10-3 C mm-2, 1.3x10-3 and 5.2x10-3 C mm-2, respectively. After heating to 350 °C for 2.5 hours, the SEY of bulk Ti has dropped to 1.21 and 1.40, respectively. As the all bulk samples have a flat surface, there are no difference of morphology. So this reduction of SEY is believed to be a consequence of the growth of a thin graphitic film on the surface after electron bombardment and the removal of the contaminations on the surface after annealing. Chapter 6 of this thesis is about the laser treated surface. Laser irradiation can transform highly reflective metals to black or dark coloured metal. From SEM results, metal surfaces modified by a nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation form a highly organised pyramid surface microstructures, which increase the surface roughness. Due to this reason, δmax of as-received laser treated surface could be lower than 1, which can avoid the electron cloud phenomenon. In this Chapter, the influence of different laser treatment parameters, such as power, hatch distance, different atmospheres on SEY has been investigated. Meanwhile, different surface treatments such as electron conditioning and thermal treatments are studied on the laser treated surface with the investigation of XPS. For example, the δmax of as-received type I with hatch distance 50, 60 and 80 μm in Air are 0.75, 0.75 and 0.80, respectively. After heating to 250 °C for 2 hours, in all case the δmax drop to 0.59, 0.60, 0.62, respectively. The SEYs of all as-received samples are lower than 1 due to the increasing the roughness on the surface by the special pyramid structure. After thermal treatment, the SEY reduces even further. This is caused by removing the contaminations on the surfaces. In conclusion, the present study has largely improved the knowledge of the electron cloud mitigation techniques by surface engineering of vacuum chambers. On the one hand, the surface treatments can modify the surface chemistry, such as the produce the graphic carbon layer on the surface by electron condition and the removal the contamination layer on the top of the surface by thermal treatment. On the other hand, the SEY could be critically low by engineering the surface roughness. Both methods allow reaching δmax less than unity. The efficiency of laser treated surface for e-cloud was demonstrated for a first time leading to a great interest to this new technology application for existing and future particle accelerators.
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Graves, Timothy P. (Timothy Paul). "Experimental investigation of electron multipactor discharges at very high frequency." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41284.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-166).<br>Multipactor discharges are a resonant condition in which electrons impact a surface in phase with an alternating electric field. The discharge is sustained by electron multiplication from secondary emission. As motivation, multipactor discharges can adversely affect many different rf systems in vacuum, and this work provides an improved general understanding of multipactor and gives promising results for improved performance and reliability of these systems. The Coaxial Multipactor Experiment (CMX) creates and investigates multipactor discharges in both parallel plate and coaxial geometries at very high frequency (VHF). CMX provides the first detailed investigation of multipactor energy distribution functions for both coaxial and parallel plate geometries with the use of retarding potential analyzers (RPA). A 1-D particle tracking simulation supports these experimental distributions and yields the underlying physics behind the distribution shape. Experimental and simulation energy distributions have a low energy population of defocused electrons due to space charge effects and RPA emission, and a high energy population responsible for sustaining the discharge. Results show a higher energy distribution for the coaxial geometry as compared to the parallel plate geometry with the same electrode spacing, implying that coaxial geometries are more susceptible to multipactor. These results are supported by CMX susceptibility data, which are provided for both coaxial and parallel plate electrodes. Lastly, similar multipactor experiments were performed on Alcator C-Mod rf systems, allowing the discovery of multipactor-induced glow discharge in these systems.<br>(cont.) Results suggest the onset of this glow discharge causes the observed C-Mod neutral pressure limits. These results are further supported by CMX experiments, and a new, 50 pim sandblasted copper surface treatment has been shown to sufficiently lower 6 < 1 for multipactor prevention on CMX and raise the minimum pressure for glow discharge breakdown. This surface treatment shows no significant degradation of high voltage handling, and it is proposed for implementation on the multipactor-susceptible regions of C-Mod rf systems.<br>by Timothy P. Graves.<br>Ph.D.
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Hill, Christopher Lawrence. "Experimental study of multipactor discharges in a klystron cavity resonator." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539671.

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Becerra, Gabriel E. (Becerra Toledo). "Studies of coaxial multipactor in the presence of a magnetic field." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41248.

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Thesis (S.M. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-107).<br>Multipactor discharges consists of electron multiplication between two surfaces by secondary electron emission in resonance with an alternating electric field. They are detrimental to the performance of radio frequency (RF) systems, such as the ICRF (ion cyclotron range of frequencies) antennas for heating of plasmas in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak and other nuclear fusion devices. This work investigates multipactor discharges in the coaxial geometry in the presence of a constant and uniform magnetic field transverse to the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation. Studies on the Coaxial Multipactor Experiment (CMX) show that the magnetic field decreases the degree to which the discharge detunes the RF circuit. However, it enhances the susceptibility of the system to multipactor-induced gas breakdown at low pressures, which appears to cause the observed neutral pressure limits on antenna performance in Alcator C-Mod. Different surface treatment methods involving roughening and in-situ cleaning failed to suppress the multipactor discharges in a consistent and reliable way in experiments on CMX, despite the success of similar techniques in the parallel-plate geometry. Electron trajectories are significantly more complicated in the presence of magnetic fields of different strengths, as shown by a three-dimensional particle-tracking simulation using Monte Carlo sampling techniques. The trends in electron path length, time of flight, impact energy, secondary emission yield and population growth do not account for the experimental observations between the low and high field limits. These appear to be better explained by collective effects not included in the simulations, such as the effect of the magnetic field on charged particle diffusion.<br>by Gabriel E. Becerra.<br>S.M.and S.B.
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Pérez, Pastor Antonio María. "Análisis del efecto multipactor en guías de onda de geometría cilíndrica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/162975.

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[ES] El propósito de la presente tesis es desarrollar una herramienta informática para la predicción del efecto multipactor tanto en líneas de transmisión coaxiales como en guías circulares. Esta herramienta está pensada para ser complementaria de las de diseño asistido por ordenador Computer-Aided Design (CAD) en el caso de dispositivos de comunicaciones a implementar en estas tecnologías de ondas guiadas. En el caso de guías coaxiales, se desarrollará un modelo numérico para la predicción de los umbrales de potencia del fenómeno de multipactor. Este método ha sido validado con medidas experimentales, así como validado con otros estudios teóricos realizados. En este tipo de guía se ha considerado tres tipos de señal de radio frecuencia (RF), la onda incidente, la onda estacionaria pura y las ondas estacionarias en general (combinación de ondas incidente y reflejada de distintas amplitudes). Así pues, se ha analizado y obtenido los umbrales de potencia para cada una de las diferentes señales consideradas y observado los efectos que se producen. En las guías circulares, se ha demostrado en primer lugar la existencia del fenómeno de multipactor bajo la excitación del modo fundamental de la guía circular TE11. El interés en estas guías se debe al amplio uso en la fabricación de componentes pasivos, tanto en cavidades resonantes como el uso de irises que conectan las cavidades, empleados tanto en aceleradores de partículas como en diferentes subsistemas de comunicaciones en satélites. Por tanto, además de observar la existencia del efecto multipactor hemos calculado una carta de susceptibilidad para dicho fenómeno, inicialmente en el caso de que sólo se transmita una única polarización, en concreto la polarización vertical. Una vez hemos demostrado que el efecto multipactor es posible en estas guías circulares, se ha realizado un estudio teniendo en consideración la coexistencia de las dos polarizaciones del modo fundamental TE11. Para una mejor comprensión del fenómeno, se ha analizado inicialmente para órdenes de multipactor más bajos en función de la excentricidad de la elipse de polarización. Prestando especial atención para el caso de la polarización lineal y circular, aunque también se ha analizado otras combinaciones más generales.<br>[CA] El propòsit de la present tesi és desenvolupar una eina informàtica per a la predicció de l'efecte multipactor tant en línies de transmissió coaxials com en guies circulars. Aquesta eina està pensada per a ser complementària de les de disseny assistit per ordinador Computer- Aided Design (CAD) en el cas de dispositius de comunicacions a implementar en aquestes tecnologies d'ones guiades. En el cas de guies coaxials, es desenvoluparà un model numèric per a la predicció dels llindars de potència del fenomen de multipactor. Aquest mètode ha sigut validat amb mesures experimentals, així com validat amb altres estudis teòrics realitzats. En aquesta mena de guia s'ha considerat tres tipus de senyal de ràdio freqüència (RF), l'ona incident, l'ona estacionària pura i les ones estacionàries en general (combinació d'ones incident i reflectida de diferents amplituds). Així doncs, s'ha analitzat i obtingut els llindars de potència per a cadascuna dels diferents senyals considerats i observat els efectes que es produeixen. En les guies circulars, s'ha demostrat en primer lloc l'existència del fenomen de multipactor sota l'excitació de la manera fonamental de la guia circular TE11. L'interés en aquestes guies es deu a l'ampli ús en la fabricació de components passius, tant en cavitats ressonants com l'ús d'irises que connecten les cavitats, emprats tant en acceleradors de partícules com en diferents subsistemes de comunicacions en satèllits. Per tant, a més d'observar l'existència de l'efecte multipactor hem calculat una carta de susceptibilitat per a aquest fenomen, inicialment en el cas que només es transmeta una única polarització, en concret la polarització vertical. Una vegada hem demostrat que l'efecte multipactor és possible en aquestes guies circulars, s'ha realitzat un estudi tenint en consideració la coexistència de les dues polaritzacions de la manera fonamental TE11. Per a una millor comprensió del fenomen, s'ha analitzat inicialment per a ordres de multipactor més baixos en funció de l'excentricitat de l'ellipse de polarització. Prestant especial atenció per al cas de la polarització lineal i circular, encara que també s'ha analitzat altres combinacions més generals.<br>[EN] The main goal of this PhD thesis is to develop a computer tool for the prediction of the multipactor effect, both in coaxial transmission lines and in circular guides. This tool is intended to be complementary to the available Computer-Aided Design (CAD) versions, in particular for the case of communication devices to be implemented in the cited guided wave technologies. In the case of coaxial guides, a numerical model is developed to predict the power thresholds of the multipactor phenomenon. This method has been validated with experimental measurements, as well as with other theoretical studies carried out. In this type of guide, three types of radio frequency (RF) signals have been considered, i.e. the incident wave, the pure standing wave and the standing waves in general (a combination of incident and reflected waves of different amplitudes). Thus, the power thresholds for each of the different signals considered have been analyzed and obtained, and the corresponding effects that occur have been observed. In circular guides, the existence of the multipactor phenomenon under the excitation of the TE11 fundamental mode of the circular guide has been demonstrated first. The interest in these guides is due to their wide use in the manufacture of passive components, both in resonant cavities and within irises that connect the cavities, used both in particle accelerators and in different satellite communications subsystems. Therefore, in addition to observing the existence of the multipactor effect, we have calculated a susceptibility chart for this phenomenon, initially in the case that only a single polarization is transmitted, specifically the vertical polarization. Once we have shown that the multipactor effect is possible in these circular guides, a study has been carried out taking into account the co-existence of the two polarizations of the TE11 fundamental mode. For a better understanding of the phenomenon, it has been initially analyzed for lower multipactor orders as a function of the eccentricity of the polarization ellipse. Special attention has been paid to the case of linear and circular polarization, although other more general combinations have also been analyzed.<br>This work was supported in part by Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spanish Government, under the coordinated Research Project TEC 2007/67630-C03-01 and in part by Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) under Projects IIARC0/2004/20, IIARC0/2004/21 and IIARC0/2004/22. This work has been supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spanish Government, under Research Project TEC2007-67630-C03-01.<br>Pérez Pastor, AM. (2021). Análisis del efecto multipactor en guías de onda de geometría cilíndrica [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/162975<br>TESIS
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Hamelin, Thibault. "Validation d'un nouveau logiciel de simulation tridimensionnel du Multipactor par le calcul et l'expérimentation." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112122/document.

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Le multipactor est un phénomène parasite qui se produit dans les dispositifs où l'on transmet une onde hyperfréquence sous vide tels que les tubes électroniques à vide, les cavités résonnantes pour accélérateurs de particules et les circuits micro-ondes à bord des satellites. Il consiste en une avalanche d'électrons mis en mouvement par un champ hyperfréquence. La simulation du multipactor est cruciale dans tout design de structure HF sous vide. Les géométries complexes 3D d'objets imposent de posséder des outils de simulations tridimensionnels pour prédire ce phénomène. Le premier travail de cette thèse a consisté à valider un logiciel de simulation 3D du multipactor, Musicc3D, à la fois par le calcul et l'expérimentation. Une étude théorique à une dimension ainsi qu'une simulation 2D éprouvée ont été réalisées et les résultats du logiciel Musicc3D ont été favorablement confrontés à leurs résultats. Des règles de définition du maillage 3D ont été établies pour un bon fonctionnement de la simulation 3D. Toujours pour valider la simulation, l'ensemble des cavités accélératrices construites par l'IPNO ces dernières années a été simulé et favorablement comparé aux observations de barrières de multipactor quand elles existaient. Dans le but d'exploiter les prédictions de la simulation 3D, mais aussi de la valider et enfin d'être capable de qualifier différents matériaux et/ou états de surfaces, une cavité résonnante équipée de mesures dédiées au multipactor a été construite. Les premiers résultats obtenus avec cette cavité ont été favorablement comparés à la simulation<br>Multipacting is a parasitic phenomenon and extremely detrimental in devices where there is a ultra high frequency wave transmitted in a vacuum environment such as vacuum electron tubes, resonant cavities for particle accelerators and microwave circuits on board of satellites. It consists of an avalanche of electrons put in motion by a microwave field. Multipacting simulation is crucial in any HF structure design. The complex 3D geometrics obligates to have three-dimensional simulation tools to predict this phenomenon. The first study in this thesis consisted in validating a 3D simulation software of Multipacting, Musicc3D, by calculation and experimentation. A theoretical study with one dimension and a a tested 2D simulation were carried out and the results of the software Musicc3D were favorably confronted to their results. 3D grid definition rules were established for the proper working of the 3D simulation. Also to validate the simulation, the whole of the park of accelerating cavities built by the IPNO these last years was simulated and favorably compared with the observations of barriers of Multipacting when they existed. With an aim of exploiting the predictions of the 3D simulation, but also to validate it and finally be able to qualify various materials and/or state of surfaces, a resonant cavity equipped with measurements dedicated for Multipacting was built. The first results obtained with this cavity were favorably compared to the simulation
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Hueso, González Jaime. "Analysis of wedge-shaped waveguides and design of multipactor-resistant microwave bandpass filters. Análisis de guías de onda en forma de cuña y diseño de filtros de microondas paso-banda resistentes al efecto multipactor." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33750.

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El efecto multipactor de ruptura en RF ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios desde hace más de 80 años, a partir del desarrollo de los primeros aceleradores de partículas en la primera mitad del siglo XX. A mediados de ese siglo, con el desarrollo de fuentes de alta potencia para aplicaciones radar y la llegada de los satélites artificiales, la investigación del multipactor cobró una considerable relevancia, al convertirse este fenómeno en un riesgo determinante para costosos proyectos comerciales. Las guías de onda con secciones rectas canónicas, como las rectangulares o las coaxiales, han sido tradicionalmente las más utilizadas en dispositivos de microondas. Sus principales ventajas son que sus campos electromagnéticos pueden resolverse analíticamente, lo que permite su aplicación directa en diseños complejos, y la simplicidad de su fabricación. Pero las capacidades de computación y las prestaciones de los algoritmos se han multiplicado con los años, lo que ha permitido ampliar el espectro de posibles topologías a geometrías casi arbitrarias, ofreciendo al diseñador una mayor libertad creativa. En todo caso, gran parte de los dispositivos de microondas actuales siguen confiando en la madurez y fiabilidad de las tecnologías de guía de onda tradicionales, que no requieren una inversión adicional en equipos de fabricación. La supresión del efecto multipactor es la motivación para arriesgarse a probar topologías de guía de onda innovadoras, como la guía en forma de cuña. Es en este contexto donde este trabajo de doctorado pretende ofrecer una contribuci'on. En primer lugar, se ha desarrollado un modelo numérico para predecir el efecto multipactor de ruptura en guías de onda huecas en forma de cuña. Esta herramienta ha permitido la identificación de criterios óptimos de diseño. Así mismo, se ha adaptado un método de síntesis de filtros paso-banda en guía rectangular para poder realizar un diseño similar pero basado en la nueva topología. Como culminación, las estructuras diseñadas se han fabricado y medido, con el fin de comprobar sus prestaciones electromagnéticas y su sensibilidad al efecto multipactor. Se ha registrado además una patente para proteger estos nuevos filtros. En resumen, el trabajo ha abarcado el ciclo de actividades relacionadas con el desarrollo industrial completo de un dispositivo pasivo de microondas: investigación básica, análisis, diseño, fabricación y calificación con medidas en el laboratorio. Estas medidas han comprobado la mejora prevista en los umbrales de multipactor de los filtros de microondas con topología en forma de cu¿na, y han confirmado que pueden ofrecer respuestas en frecuencia similares a aquellas de filtros basados en una guía de onda rectangular equivalente. Las implicaciones de los resultados han sido evaluadas a fondo y resumidas en este documento. Como observación final, se ha intentado redactar esta investigación de manera que refleje el proceso natural de aprendizaje, mostrando los aciertos y errores experimentados en el camino, todos los cuales han conducido al resultado final. Este reto no hubiera sido posible sin el apoyo y compromiso de varios profesionales de diferentes centros de investigación e industrias europeas (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Agencia Espacial Europea, Thales Alenia Espacio Espa¿na, Technische Universit¿at Darmstadt, 'Ecole Polythecnique F'ed'erale de Lausanne, Tesat, Aurora Software and Testing y Val Space Consortium), a los cuales estoy agradecido.<br>The multipactor RF breakdown effect has been object of numerous studies for over 80 years, since the development of the first particle accelerators in the beginning of the 20th century. Around the middle of that century, with the development of high power sources for radar applications and with the emergence of the artificial satellites, a new impulse was given to the multipactor research, since it became a risk for expensive commercial projects. Traditionally, waveguides with canonical cross sections, like rectangular or coaxial ones, have been the building blocks of most microwave devices. Their main advantages are that their electromagnetic fields can be solved analytically, enabling their direct application in complex designs, as well as their manufacturing simplicity. But over the years the computation capabilities and algorithms have continuously evolved, which has broadened the spectrum of possible topologies to almost arbitrary geometries, offering the designer more room for creativity. However, most of the current microwave devices still trust on the mature canonical waveguide technologies, which do not require an additional investment in manufacturing equipment. The suppression of the multipactor effect is the motivation for considering an innovative waveguide topology, like the wedge-shaped waveguide. It is within this context where this PhD work aims to offer a contribution. On the one hand, a numerical model for predicting the multipactor breakdown effect in wedge-shaped hollow waveguides has been developed. This tool has aided in the derivation of optimised design criteria. On the other hand, a bandpass filter synthesis method for rectangular waveguide has been adapted in order to calculate a similar design based on the new topology. As a culmination, the designed structures have been manufactured and tested, in order to verify their electromagnetic performance and their multipactor sensibility. A patent was also filed to protect these new filters. In short, this work has comprised the cycle of activities related to the whole industrial development of a passive microwave device: basic research, analysis, design, manufacturing and qualification through testing. These measurements have verified the predicted improvement in the multipactor thresholds of microwave filters with wedge-shaped topology, and have confirmed that they can offer similar frequency responses to the equivalent rectangular waveguide ones. The implications of the results have been thoroughly evaluated and summarised in this document. As a final remark, this research document has been drafted to reflect the natural learning process, and to show the rights and wrongs experienced in the way, which all have led to the final result. Such an endeavour would not have been possible without the support and commitment of several professionals from different European research centres and industries (Universidad Polit'ecnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, European Space Agency, Thales Alenia Espacio Spain, Technische Universit¿at Darmstadt, 'Ecole Polythecnique F'ed'erale de Lausanne, Tesat, Aurora Software and Testing and Val Space Consortium), for which I am grateful.<br>Hueso González, J. (2013). Analysis of wedge-shaped waveguides and design of multipactor-resistant microwave bandpass filters. Análisis de guías de onda en forma de cuña y diseño de filtros de microondas paso-banda resistentes al efecto multipactor [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/33750<br>Alfresco
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Books on the topic "Multipaction"

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer, 2020.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer, 2021.

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Standard/Handbook for Multipactor Breakdown Prevention in Spacecraft Components (ANSI/AIAA S-142-2016). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/4.104602.

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Book chapters on the topic "Multipaction"

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Numerical Simulations of Multipactor." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_5.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Generalized Phase Stability in Multipacting." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_3.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Existence Zones for Multipactor Discharge." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_2.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Multipactor Near the Cavity Equator." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_8.

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Cui, Wanzhao, Yun Li, Hongtai Zhang, and Jing Yang. "Multipactor Analysis in Multicarrier Systems." In Simulation Method of Multipactor and Its Application in Satellite Microwave Components. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003189794-5.

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Cui, Wanzhao, Yun Li, Hongtai Zhang, and Jing Yang. "EM PIC Simulation of Multipactor." In Simulation Method of Multipactor and Its Application in Satellite Microwave Components. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003189794-4.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Introductory Overview." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_1.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Optimized Shape Cavities Free of Multipacting." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_10.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Multipacting-Free Transitions Between Cavities and Beam Pipes. Theorem of Minimal Electric Field." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_11.

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Shemelin, Valery D., and Sergey A. Belomestnykh. "Ping-Pong Modes." In Multipactor in Accelerating Cavities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48198-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Multipaction"

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Feat, Christian, Philippe Guemas, Sylvain Leroy, et al. "TAS-F antenna power and multipaction testing capabilities." In 2014 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucap.2014.6902259.

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Durr, W., J. Wegener, and E. Bosch. "RF output multipaction margin of travelling wave tubes." In 2011 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivec.2011.5746854.

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Subramanyam, A. V. G., D. Sivareddy, V. V. Srinivasan, and V. K. Hariharan. "Multipaction-free combline diplexer for deep space applications." In 2014 IEEE International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imarc.2014.7039011.

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Yun, Sohyeun, Manseok Uhm, and Inbok Yom. "Multipaction Free Ka-Band Diplexer with an Asymmetric Iris." In 24th AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-5451.

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Snyder, Richard V. "Improved breakdown threshold (multipaction and ionic) in lumped element filters." In 2014 IEEE Benjamin Franklin Symposium on Microwave and Antenna Sub-systems for Radar, Telecommunications, and Biomedical Applications (BenMAS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/benmas.2014.7529461.

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Li, Yongdong, Yonggui Zhai, Hongguang Wang, et al. "Fast computation of threshold of multipaction discharge in ferrite circulator." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2016.7534363.

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Pereira, F., Vicente Boria, Benito Gimeno, et al. "Investigation of Multipaction Phenomena in Passive Waveguide Filters for Space Applications." In 2006 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2006.249478.

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Wang, Xinbo, Wanzhao Cui, Yongdong Li, Xiaoning Zhang, and Chunliang Liu. "Effect of electron density in multipaction on the electromagnetic characteristics of microwave device." In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC/APEMC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isemc.2018.8394006.

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Anza, S., C. Vicente, D. Raboso, J. Gil, B. Gimeno, and V. E. Boria. "Enhanced prediction of multipaction breakdown in passive waveguide components including space charge effects." In 2008 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest - MTT 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwsym.2008.4633247.

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Esteban, H., J. V. Morro, V. E. Boria, C. Bachiller, A. San Blas, and J. Gil. "Multipaction modelling of low-cost H-plane filters using an electromagnetic field analysis tool." In IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2004.1330637.

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Reports on the topic "Multipaction"

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Lau, Y. Y. Analysis of Multipactor Discharge. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/860178.

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Novokhatski, A. Simulation of Electron Cloud Multipacting in Solenoidal Magnetic Field. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826697.

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Wang L. F., M. Blaskiewicz, J. Wei, K. Ohmi, and R. Macek. Mechanism of Electron Multipacting with Long-Bunch Proton Beam. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1157310.

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Stupakov, Gennady V. Photoelectrons and Multipacting in the LHC: Electron Cloud Buildup. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/815273.

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Graves, Timothy P. Standard/Handbook for Multipactor Breakdown Prevention in Spacecraft Components. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada624212.

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Fischer, Richard P., and Steven H. Gold. Multipactor Physics, Acceleration, and Breakdown in Dielectric-Loaded Accelerating Structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1288453.

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ZHAO, Y. A SIMPLIFIED MODEL OF MULTIPACTOR EXPERIMENT FOR THE TUNNEL DUST CHOKE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15007215.

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Chet Nieter. Three-dimensional self-consistent simulations of multipacting in superconducting radio frequency cavities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/993520.

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Nieter, Chet. Three-dimensional self-consistent simulations of multipacting in superconducting radio frequency cavities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1464733.

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Naik, D., and I. Ben-Zvi. Multipacting Simulation Study for 56 MHz Quarter Wave Resonator using 2D Code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/946779.

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