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Cole, Jeanne, Sybil Sharvelle, Neil Grigg, Gary Pivo, and Jon Haukaas. "Collaborative, Risk-Informed, Triple Bottom Line, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Planning Framework for Integrated Urban Water Management." Water 10, no. 12 (2018): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121722.
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The historical division of water management into different sectors, with financially and technologically driven decision processes, makes taking a more holistic approach to finding sustainable solutions for urban water management difficult. Here, a planning framework for Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) that evolved during a two-year study evaluating alternative strategies for dual water supply within a local government context is described. The planning framework was developed to overcome the obstacles that surfaced over the course of the study. It provides a structured approach to strategic decision making that integrates triple bottom line (TBL), multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), uncertainty and sensitivity analyses, and participatory decision making into an exploration of water supply alternatives. TBL assured stakeholders that the decisions considered the financial, social, and environmental performance. MCDA provided visibility into the benefits and trade-offs of the alternatives by providing a quantitative method for comparing alternatives that incorporates incommensurate performance indicators and priorities of multiple stakeholders. Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses addressed concerns regarding decision risk and improved transparency into inputs driving uncertainty in the analysis. Finally, a flexible participatory process helped to circumvent socio-institutional barriers by adapting the methodology and increasing cooperation among stakeholders and multidisciplinary experts. The resulting collaborative, risk-informed, TBL-MCDA (CRTM) planning framework helps to refine the feasible set of alternatives by providing more transparency into the drivers, technologies, and stakeholders influencing the decision. The planning framework increased the number of participants that were involved in the study, increased interaction between participants, changed the structure of the decision problem, increased the number of performance indicators considered, and improved stakeholder cooperation in the decision process.
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CHEN, Ting-Yu. "AN INCLUSION COMPARISON APPROACH FOR MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS BASED ON INTERVAL-VALUED INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SETS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 22, no. 3 (2015): 357–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2014.989930.
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The theory of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets provides an intuitive and feasible way of addressing uncertain and ambiguous properties. Many useful models and methods have been developed for multiple criteria decision analysis within the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment. In contrast to the elaborate existing methods, this paper establishes a simple and effective method for managing the sophisticated data expressed by interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. An inclusion comparison possibility defined on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets is proposed, and some important properties are investigated. Then, an inclusion-based index that considers positive and negative ideals is offered. Considering the maximal comprehensive inclusion-based indices, this paper constructs a linear programming model (for consistent information) and an integrated, nonlinear programming model (for inconsistent information) to estimate the criterion weights and the optimal ranking order of the alternatives under an incomplete preference structure. The feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated by a practical example of selecting a suitable bridge construction method, and a comparative analysis with other relevant methods is conducted to validate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed methodology.
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Kvederytė, Artūras. "MULTIPLE CRITERIA MULTIVARIANT DESIGN OF A BUILDING LIFE CYCLE/PASTATO GYVAVIMO PROCESO DAUGIAKRITERINIS ALTERNATYVUSIS PROJEKTAVIMAS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 6, no. 2 (2000): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.2000.10531576.
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A lot of data had to be processed and evaluated when carrying out multivariant design of a building life cycle. The number of feasible alternatives can be as large as 100,000. Each of the alternatives may be described from various perspectives, eg by conceptual and quantitative information. The problem arises how to perform computer-aided design of the alternative variants based on this enormous amount of information. To solve this problem a new method of multiple criteria multivariant building life cycle design was developed. According to the above method multiple criteria multivariant design is carried out in 5 stages (Fig 1). In order to reduce the amount of information being used in computer-aided multivariant design the codes of the alternative solutions are used. In this case, any i solution of j alternative is given a ij code providing thorough quantitative (system of criteria, units of measure, significances, values, as well as a minimizing or maximizing criterion) and conceptual (text, drawings, graphics, video tapes) information about the alternative being considered (see Table 1). Thus, the use of codes of the alternative solutions in computer-aided multivariant design reduces the volume of information to be processed providing better insight into a physical meaning of computations. Codes, with conceptual and quantitative information provided, are used for describing all available alternative project solutions. The total number of these codes makes the table of codes of building life cycle alternatives more convenient for getting the alternative versions in a more simple way (see Table 1). As can be seen from Table 1, it contains c solutions of a building life cycle (plots, buildings, well-being, maintenance process, etc) of the n i alternative versions codes. Any i line of the code table represents the codes of A i solution a ijalternatives. If the information relating to the solutions in the code table of building life cycle alternatives is represented by codes, then the code contains quantitative and conceptual information (see Table 1). In this case, n i alternatives of any i solution are being considered in developing the alternative versions of a building life cycle. For example, if in determining possible building life cycle alternative versions 10 alternatives are considered for any of 10 solutions, then, according to equation 1 maximum ten billion such variants will be obtained. It is evident that in this and similar cases it is hardly possible and reasonable to analyse all the versions from various perspectives. Therefore, it is advisable to reduce their number as follows. If a project of c solutions having n i alternatives allows k combinations (equation 1) then, by using multiple criteria analysis methods, pmost efficient versions should be chosen from every solution for further consideration (see Table 2). In this way, inefficient variants are being removed. The best solution alternatives obtained are then grouped according to priority considerations. In Table 2 a il is a code of the best variant of i solution, while a ip is a code of its worst version. Then, project variants are being developed based on the efficient p alternatives of c solutions chosen. At the beginning, this process should involve the codes of the alternative solutions. The first building life cycle variant is obtained by analysing the best solution variants according to the priority order (see Table 2 and 3). The last variant is based on solution versions from the bottom of priority table, while intermediate variants are obtained with account of the versions found in the middle of this table. For example, the first building life cycle version is based on a 11 plot, a 21 building, a i1 well-being, a c1 maintenance, etc variants. The last building life cycle version takes into account a 1p plot, a 2p building, a ip well-being, a cp maintenance, etc variants. In this case, combinations are obtained by using p alternatives from any c solutions. While in Table 3 the development of building life cycle alternatives was based on codes of solution alternatives, Table 4 presents conceptual and quantitative information about the variants instead of the codes. When a particular building life cycle is being considered, the values relating to various solutions but based on the same criterion are recalculated into a single reduced value. After the reduction of the same criterion (eg cost, comfortability) values of various solutions (plot, building, well-being, maintenance) to a single one it is necessary to appraise significances of these solutions. For example, noise level within and outside the building is not of the same significance to its inhabitants. The same applies to paying the money (it depends on whether—this should be done at the present moment or in some years). The above significances of the solutions are determined by using expert, financial analysis and other methods. The significances should be made compatible in two directions: horizontally (among criteria) and vertically (among solutions). In this way, Table 4 may be transformed into a summary decision making table (see Table 5) containing all building life cycle versions and overall related information. A new method of multiple criteria multivariant design of a building life cycle enabling the user to make computer-aided design of up to 100,000 alternative project versions was developed. Any building life cycle variant obtained in this way is based on quantitative and conceptual information.
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Lu, Guangyan, and Wenjun Chang. "Comparative analysis of evolutionary algorithms for multiple criteria decision making with interval-valued belief distributions." Intelligent Decision Technologies 14, no. 3 (2020): 373–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/idt-190125.
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In multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) with interval-valued belief distributions (IVBDs), individual IVBDs on multiple criteria are combined explicitly or implicitly to generate the expected utilities of alternatives, which can be used to make decisions with the aid of decision rules. To analyze an MCDM problem with a large number of criteria and grades used to profile IVBDs, effective algorithms are required to find the solutions to the optimization models within a large feasible region. An important issue is to identify an algorithm suitable for finding accurate solutions within a limited or acceptable time. To address this issue, four representative evolutionary algorithms, including genetic algorithm, differential evolution algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, and gravitational search algorithm, are selected to combine individual IVBDs of alternatives and generate the minimum and maximum expected utilities of alternatives. By performing experiments with different numbers of criteria and grades, a comparative analysis of the four algorithms is provided with the aid of two indicators: accuracy and efficiency. Experimental results indicate that particle swarm optimization algorithm is the best among the four algorithms for combining individual IVBDs and generating the minimum and maximum expected utilities of alternatives.
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Loulizi, Amara, Youssef Bichiou, and Hesham Rakha. "Use of Life Cycle Cost Analysis and Multiple Criteria Decision Aid Tools for Designing Road Vertical Profiles." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (2019): 7127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247127.
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The current design practice for the vertical profile of roads in rolling and mountainous terrains is to follow the existing grades in order to minimize earthwork costs. This means that the only criterion considered during the design phase is the initial cost. It would be preferable to include other criteria that are directly related to sustainability, particularly fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Therefore, this paper describes a proposed design procedure that starts by finding feasible alternatives with different grades. Then, a microsimulation traffic tool is used to simulate the movement of predicted vehicles (volume and type) over the different alternatives. The microsimulation tool provides reliable estimates of travel times, fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions for the different alternatives. With these data, it is possible to use life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) or multiple criteria decision aid (MCDA) tools to select the “optimal” alternative. The proposed procedure was used on a case study involving a 6-km highway section with different proposed grades ranging from 2% to 8%. Using LCCA and an MCDA tool, it was revealed that the current design alternative is not the optimal alternative in most considered scenarios (various fuel values for LCCA and different “Cost” weights for MCDA).
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Sahin, Bekir, Tsz Leung Yip, Po-Hsing Tseng, Mehmet Kabak, and Ahmet Soylu. "An Application of a Fuzzy TOPSIS Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Algorithm for Dry Bulk Carrier Selection." Information 11, no. 5 (2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11050251.
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Decision-making in ship investment is a complex and difficult process with trade-offs. The purpose of this study is to guide the decisions on the purchase of dry bulk carriers based on a Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS) multi-criteria decision analysis algorithm. A set of criteria and a set of alternatives based on various characteristics are developed and evaluated with expert questionnaires. The proposed method provides weights for a given criteria to provide ranked alternatives, identifying the optimal solution. The alternatives among the multiple suppliers are ranked in the context of the shipping investment. This study reveals that shipowners are rather acting with a holistic perspective in ship purchase; however, we prove a detailed analysis is required.
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Kvederytė, Nerija, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, and Artūras Kaklauskas. "MULTIPLE CRITERIA ANALYSIS OF A DWELLING LIFE CYCLE/VIENBUČIŲ GYVENAMŲJŲ NAMŲ GYVAVIMO PROCESO DAUGIAKRITERINĖ ANALIZĖ." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 6, no. 3 (2000): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.2000.10531585.
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The determination of the utility degree and value of the project under investigation and establishment of the priority order for its implementation does not present much difficulty if the criteria numerical values and significances are obtained and the multiple criteria decision-making methods used. The results of the project comparative analysis are presented as a decision-making matrix where columns contain n alternative projects being considered, while all quantitative information pertaining to them is found in lines. Quantitative description of the project provides the information about various aspects of a building life cycle (ie economical, technical, technological, infrastructural, legislative, etc). Quantitative information is based on the criteria systems and subsystems, units of measure, values and initial significances as well as the data on an alternative project. In order to select the best project, it is necessary, having formed the decision-making matrix, to perform the multiple criteria analysis of the projects. This is done by comparing criteria numerical values and significances and analysing the conceptual information of the investigated project. One of the major tasks is to determine the significances of the criteria. This paper presents a new method for complex determination of the criteria significances taking into account their quantitative and qualitative characteristics. When performing multiple criteria assessment of projects it is necessary to normalise the criteria values describing the projects and then to weight them. This creates a possibility to compare the criteria values with different measuring units and to determine the most efficient alternatives. The significances of all criteria must be coordinated among themselves. The method of complex determination of significances allows to determine significances of criteria which are maximally interrelated and depend on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of all criteria. A method of multiple criteria complex proportional evaluation of the projects discussed in this paper assumes direct and proportional dependence of significance and priority of investigated versions on a system of criteria adequately describing the alternatives and on values and significances of the criteria. The system of criteria is determined and the values and initial significances of criteria are calculated by experts. All this information can be corrected by interested parties (customer, users, etc) taking into consideration their pursued goals and existing capabilities. The degree of utility Nj of a building life cycle is directly associated with quantitative and conceptual information related to it. A degree of dwelling life cycle utility reflects the extent to which the goals pursued by the interested parties are attained. The paper concludes with a demonstrative example, concerning the multiple criteria assessment of plot, dwelling, contractor and maintenance alternatives, and dwelling life cycle variants are being developed based on these alternatives of solutions.
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Emeç, Şeyma, and Gökay Akkaya. "A STOCHASTIC MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING ANALYSIS FOR A WAREHOUSE LOCATION SELECTION PROBLEM: A CASE STUDY." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 12 (2020): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i12.2019.307.
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The problem of a warehouse location selecting which has a significant impact on logistics costs is an important decision problem based on the best choice of alternatives under multiple conflicting criteria. Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are used as a solution approach for the decision problems including several criteria. In this study, a new stochastic multi-criteria decision-making approach has been developed to solve the warehouse location selection problem (WLSP) in the stochastic environment which contains uncertain situations. In the proposed approach, the SAHP (Stochastic Analytic Hierarchy Process) method was used to calculate the weight of criteria, and the alternatives were ranked and evaluated by fuzzy MOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis). The proposed approach is applied to warehouse selection problem of a supermarket chain located in Turkey. The results of the research indicated that A2 is the best alternative. It can be said that the proposed method can be applied to the real life problems because it found a suitable solution to the problem.
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Deepa, N., B. Prabadevi, and Gautam Srivastava. "Integrated Ranking Algorithm for Efficient Decision Making." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 20, no. 02 (2021): 597–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622021500152.
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Decision making remains a prominent issue in all the problem domains. To make better decisions, multiple factors of the given problem need to be considered and evaluated. Multi-criteria decision-making methods have been used popularly for solving decision-making problems characterized by multiple factors. When multiple factors are considered, it is recommended to categorize the factors into the main criteria and sub-criteria. In this paper, GRAP-an integrated ranking algorithm has been developed by combining Grey Relational Analysis, Rank Sum, and Preference Ranking Organization Method Enrichment Evaluation methods (PROMETHEE) to solve decision-making problems. The weights of the sub-criteria are calculated using the Rank Sum method. Grey Relational Analysis method is used to convert the sub-criteria values into main criteria values in the form of evaluation scores of alternatives. The final ranking scores of the alternatives are obtained using the PROMETHEE method. A decision model is developed using the proposed GRAP algorithm and applied to the Job Profile selection case study. The developed decision model showed much better results compared to other MCDM approaches namely the Simple Additive Weight method, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS). Further, a sanity check has been carried out by comparing the results of the decision model with experts’ opinions.
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Tupenaite, Laura, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Arturas Kaklauskas, Zenonas Turskis, and Mark Seniut. "MULTIPLE CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVES FOR BUILT AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT RENOVATION." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 16, no. 2 (2010): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2010.30.
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The built environment is not constructed in empty space. It refers to human ‐ made spaces they live and work in and which are affected by various micro, meso and macro level factors. For this purpose, renovation decisions must be considered avoiding a narrow approach to the single projects of building renovation. Renovation of the built and human environment must be considered instead and the holistic approach used. From this perspective, decision‐making problems of renovation often involve a complex decision making process in which multiple requirements and conditions have to be taken into consideration simultaneously. This paper describes the concept of the integrated analysis of built and human environment renovation as a whole as well as presents the multiple criteria assessment of alternatives of the Bulgarian cultural heritage renovation projects. The widely known multiple criteria assessment methods SAW, TOPSIS and COPRAS and the newly developed method ARAS were used for this purpose. As a result the best project for granting was selected. Santrauka Gyvenamoji aplinka sukurta žmoniu ir skirta ju poreikiams tenkinti, ja veikia daugybe makro‐, mezo‐ ir mikroaplinkos veiksniu. Kadangi gyvenamoji aplinka yra kompleksiška, jos atnaujinimo sprendimai turi būti priimami vengiant pernelyg siauro požiūrio, nagrinejant tik pavieniu pastatu atnaujinimo projektus. Atnaujinimo sprendimai turetu būti priimami ir projektai igyvendinami taikant holistini požiūri. Šiuo požiūriu atnaujinimo sprendimai yra sudetingi, juos priimant būtina atsižvelgti i daugeli salygu ir reikalavimu. Šiame straipsnyje gyvenamosios aplinkos atnaujinimas nagrinejamas kaip visuma, pateikiamas autoriu sukurtas integruotas gyvenamosios aplinkos atnaujinimo analizes modelis, atliekama Bulgarijos kultūros paveldo atnaujinimo projektu daugiakriterine analize taikant gerai žinomus daugiakriterinio vertinimo metodus SAW, TOPSIS ir COPRAS bei naujai sukurta metoda ARAS. Atlikus tyrima išrenkamas geriausias atnaujinimo projektas, kuriam gali būti suteiktas finansavimas.
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Urbanavičienė, Vita, Artūras Kaklauskas, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Jūratė Šliogerienė, Jurga Naimavičienė, and Nikolay Ivanovich Vatin. "FACILITATING THE HOUSING BARGAINING WITH THE HELP OF THE BARGAINING DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 18, no. 3 (2014): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2014.933137.
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More than 90 percent home buyers today rely on the Internet as one of their primary research sources and real estate related searches continually grows. Internet helps buyers to find and select bigger number of right homes for sale in a shorter time, so provides more alternatives for bargaining. The bargaining is an inseparable part of the home buying and selling process. However, housing bargaining mostly is conducted face-to face, so there is a growing need for facilitating the housing bargaining and conducting such bargaining on the Web with the help of the systems. The article describes the developed Real-Time Housing Multiple Criteria Bargaining Decision Support System, based on multiple-criteria mathematical methods, which helps to improve the efficiency of bargaining through the following functions: search for housing alternatives; formulation of the initial comparative table of alternatives; multiple criteria analysis of housing alternatives and negotiation tactics; determination of the most useful home option for buying; presentation of recommendations and real-time determination of a home's market value; e-bargaining using templates of bargaining e-mails generated by the system.
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Kaklauskas, Artūras, and Vita Urbanavičienė. "INTELCITY AND MULTIPLE CRITERIA WEB-BASED NEGOTIATION DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR REAL ESTATE." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 11, no. 3 (2005): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2005.9637697.
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The authors of this paper together with the other VGTU scientists participate in the international project INTELCITIES and present Multiple Criteria Web‐Based Negotiation Decision Support System for Real Estate (NDSSRE). INTELCITIES project is a research and development project that aims to pool advanced knowledge and experience of e‐government, planing systems and citizen participation. NDSS‐RE includes a decision support tool based on the methods of alternative generation and multiple criteria analysis that enable negotiating parties to evaluate their systems of preferences and recognize opportunities for trade‐off between differently valued objectives and joint gains. At present the developed NDSS‐RE allows for the performance of the following functions: search for real estate alternatives; finding out alternatives and making an initial negotiation table; multiple criteria analyses of alternatives; negotiation based on real calculations; determination of the most rational real estate purchase variant on the ground of characteristics describing effectiveness of the analysed alternatives. The third part of the paper deals with traditional negotiation principles and describes negotiation tactics, such as “The Atractive Alternative”, “The Stall and Jolt”, “The Comparative Value”, “The Third Party”, “The No More Money” and “The Walk Away” tactics. More traditional negotiation principles and tactics have been planned to integrate in future concerning the described NDSS‐RE system because the knowledge and implementation of all the above mentioned tactics and principles lead to more successful negotiation for the lowest possible price buying real estate.
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CHEN, Ting-Yu. "AN IVIF-ELECTRE OUTRANKING METHOD FOR MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING WITH INTERVAL-VALUED INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SETS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 22, no. 3 (2015): 416–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2015.1072751.
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The method of ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité (ELimination and Choice Expressing Reality, ELECTRE) is a well-known and widely used outranking method for handling decision-making problems. The purpose of this paper is to develop an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy ELECTRE (IVIF-ELECTRE) method and apply it to multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) involving the multiple criteria evaluation/selection of alternatives. Using interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) sets with an inclusion comparison approach, concordance and discordance sets are identified for each pair of alternatives. Next, concordance and discordance indices are determined using an aggregate importance weight score function and a generalised distance measurement between weighted evaluative ratings, respectively. Based on the concordance and discordance dominance matrices, two IVIF-ELECTRE ranking procedures are developed for the partial and complete ranking of the alternatives. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed methods are illustrated with a multiple criteria decision-making problem of watershed site selection. A comparative analysis of other MCDA methods is conducted to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed IVIF-ELECTRE methods. Finally, an empirical study of job choices is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the current methods in the real world.
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CHEN, Ting-Yu. "MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS USING PRIORITISED INTERVAL TYPE-2 FUZZY AGGREGATION OPERATORS AND ITS APPLICATION TO SITE SELECTION." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 23, no. 1 (2017): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1209249.
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The theory of interval type-2 fuzzy sets provides an intuitive and computationally feasible method of addressing uncertain and ambiguous information in decision-making fields. This paper aims to develop a prioritised interval type-2 fuzzy aggregation operator and apply it to multiple criteria decision analysis with prioritised criteria. This paper considers situations in which a relationship between the criteria exists such that a lack of satisfaction by the higher priority criteria cannot be readily compensated by the satisfaction of lower priority criteria. This paper introduces the developed prioritised interval type-2 fuzzy aggregation operator to address the problem of criteria aggregation in this environment. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed operator, this paper provides a multiple criteria decision-making method that uses the prioritised interval type-2 fuzzy aggregation operator, and the method is illustrated with a practical application to landfill site selection.
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Santos-Clotas, Eric, Alba Cabrera-Codony, Alba Castillo, Maria Martín, Manel Poch, and Hèctor Monclús. "Environmental Decision Support System for Biogas Upgrading to Feasible Fuel." Energies 12, no. 8 (2019): 1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12081546.
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Biogas production is a growing market and the existing conversion technologies require different biogas quality and characteristics. In pursuance of assisting decision-makers in biogas upgrading an environmental decision support system (EDSS) was developed. Since the field is rapidly progressing, this tool is easily updatable with new data from technical and scientific literature through the knowledge acquisition level. By a thorough technology review, the diagnosis level evaluates a wide spectrum of technologies for eliminating siloxanes, H2S, and CO2 from biogas, which are scored in a supervision level based upon environmental, economic, social and technical criteria. The sensitivity of the user towards those criteria is regarded by the EDSS giving a response based on its preferences. The EDSS was validated with data from a case-study for removing siloxanes from biogas in a sewage plant. The tool described the flow diagram of treatment alternatives and estimated the performance and effluent quality, which matched the treatment currently given in the facility. Adsorption onto activated carbon was the best-ranked technology due to its great efficiency and maturity as a commercial technology. On the other hand, biological technologies obtained high scores when economic and environmental criteria were preferred. The sensitivity analysis proved to be effective allowing the identification of the challenges and opportunities for the technologies considered.
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Giuffrida, Le Pira, Inturri, and Ignaccolo. "Mapping with Stakeholders: An Overview of Public Participatory GIS and VGI in Transport Decision-Making." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 4 (2019): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8040198.
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Transport decision-making problems are typically spatially based and involve a set of feasible alternatives with multiple evaluation criteria. Besides, transport decisions affect citizens’ quality of life, as well as specific interests of general stakeholders (e.g., transport companies), thus needing a participatory approach to decision-making. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have the ability to visualize spatial data and represent the impact of location based transport alternatives, thus helping experts to conduct robust assessments. Moreover, with the recent diffusion of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and development of Public Participatory GIS (PPGIS) platforms, the process can be enhanced thanks to the collection of a large amount of updated spatial data and the achievement of an active community participation. In this study, we provide an overview based on a structured literature review of the use of VGI and PPGIS in transport studies, exploring the fields of application, role played by GIS, level of public involvement and decision stage at which they are applied. From the overview’s results, we propose a general framework for the evaluation of transport alternatives using GIS from a multiple stakeholder point of view; the main conclusion is the usefulness of the integration between Public Participation, GIS and quantitative evaluation methods, in particular Multi Criteria Decision Analysis, in order to foster technically sound and shared decisions.
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YU, Xiaohan, Zeshui XU, and Shousheng LIU. "SYSTEMATIC DECISION MAKING: A EXTENDED MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING MODEL." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 23, no. 1 (2017): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1212121.
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Considering some complex multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems, in which decision environment is dynamic, there are various interdependences among criteria, and plans (systematized alternatives) consisting of multiple time sequential interdependent actions, cannot be well handled by means of the existing MCDM methods, therefore, we develop a systematic decision making (SDM) as an improvement and supplement of the classic MCDM in this paper. The SDM is for prescribing methods of evaluating and selecting the most favourite plan (a system) from a group of feasible ones concerning influences of time-varying criteria system under dynamic external environment. Through detailed analysis, we separate a SDM problem into multi-period MCDM subproblems, and then a plan can be a combination of time sequential strategies in which each strategy (a subset of actions) is a feasible decision choice of corresponding MCDM sub-problem. After clarifying variety of interdependences, interactions and interrelationships in the SDM problems, such as criteria-interdependences, action-interdependences, interactions between criteria and criteria system, interactions between actions and strategies, interactions between strategies and plans, interactions between internal environment (criteria system) and external environment, feedbacks from external environment to the corresponding MCDM sub-problems, and interrelationships among MCDM sub-problems and so on, we transform the SDM into multi-period interrelated MCDM model which can be dealt with more easily by using multiple optimization models. At the end of the paper, three typical properties of the SDM are proposed and most of the existing MCDM models are pointed out as special cases of the SDM.
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Martin-Valmayor, Miguel, and Luis A. Gil-Alana. "Design of an Analysis Model for Strategic Behavior in the Digital Economy." Journal of Business Theory and Practice 8, no. 2 (2020): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v8n2p1.
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Nowadays, multi-criteria decision-making techniques are highly developed, and are widely applied in multiple fields. They model and solve decisional problems by optimising multiple conflicting objectives. These techniques are very useful because they simultaneously analyse all the different criteria, and select the best alternatives according to the decision-maker’s objectives and preferences. An important issue in this context is the adequacy of the structure of corporate long-term financing and its potential impact on the sustainable development of the long-term business plan. The purpose of this study is to advance the analysis of these strategic decisions, measuring the a posteriori results and analysing their coherence with the strategies followed a priori. To do this, sustainable strategic decisions will be mathematically modelled and parametrised, creating a system to study the preferences followed and to describe the corporate behaviour. This system is applied as a case example for two leading companies in the digital sector, and the corresponding results over the last few years are evaluated.
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Wang, Rui, and Yanlai Li. "Picture Hesitant Fuzzy Set and Its Application to Multiple Criteria Decision-Making." Symmetry 10, no. 7 (2018): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10070295.
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To address the complex multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems in practice, this article proposes the picture hesitant fuzzy set (PHFS) theory based on the picture fuzzy set and the hesitant fuzzy set. First, the concept of PHFS is put forward, and its operations are presented, simultaneously. Second, the generalized picture hesitant fuzzy weighted aggregation operators are developed, and some theorems and reduced operators of them are discussed. Third, the generalized picture hesitant fuzzy prioritized weighted aggregation operators are put forward to solve the MCDM problems that the related criteria are at different priorities. Fourth, two novel MCDM methods combined with the proposed operators are constructed to determine the best alternative in real life. Finally, two numerical examples and an application of web service selection are investigated to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The sensitivity analysis shows that the different values of the parameter λ affect the ranking of alternatives, and the proposed operators are compared with several existing MCDM methods to illustrate their advantages.
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Chung, E. S., and K. S. Lee. "A social-economic-engineering combined framework for decision making in water resources planning." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 5, no. 5 (2008): 2817–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-2817-2008.
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Abstract. This study presents a new methodology not only to evaluate willingness to pays (WTPs) for the improvement of hydrological vulnerability using a choice experiment (CE) method but also to do a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of some feasible alternatives combing the derived WTPs with an alternative evaluation index (AEI). The hydrological vulnerability consists of potential streamflow depletion (PSD), and potential water quality deterioration (PWQD) and can be quantified using a multi-criteria decision making technique and pressure-state-response (PSR) framework. PSD and PWQD not only provide survey respondents with sufficient site-specific information to avoid scope sensitivity in a choice experiment but also support the standard of dividing the study watershed into six sub-regions for site-fitted management. Therefore CE was applied to six regions one after the other, in order to determine WTPs for improvements on hydrological vulnerability considering the characteristics which are vulnerability, location, and preferences with regard to management objectives. The AEI was developed to prioritize the feasible alternatives using a continuous water quantity/quality simulation model as well as multi-criteria decision making techniques. All criteria for alternative performance were selected based on a driver-pressures-state-impact-response (DPSIR) framework, and their weights were estimated using an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In addition, the AEI that reflects on residents' preference with regard to management objectives was proposed in order to incite the stakeholder to participate in the decision making process. Finally, the economic values of each alternative are estimated by a newly developed method which combines the WTPs for improvements on hydrologic vulnerability with the AEI. This social-economic-engineering combined framework can provide the decision makers with more specific information as well as decrease the uncertainty of the CBA.
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Lin, Shi-Woei, and Mohammad Adam Jerusalem. "Hybrid method for assessing marketable fashion designs: diamond pairwise comparison combined with the Choquet integral." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 13 (2017): 1531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517703604.
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Various multiple-attribute decision analysis approaches have been developed to choose the best fashion design among alternatives, but none of them consider interdependence among their criteria. This study combined the diamond pairwise comparison method to elicit the weights and interaction degrees of a set of criteria and the Choquet integral method for aggregating the evaluation to identify the best design based on the decision-makers’ preferences and prospects. The criteria were determined from input by 10 experts in diverse areas related to fashion design. By implementing the hybrid method in a case example, the efficacy of the proposed approach for evaluating fashion designs is demonstrated.
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Turskis, Zenonas, and Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas. "A NEW FUZZY ADDITIVE RATIO ASSESSMENT METHOD (ARAS‐F). CASE STUDY: THE ANALYSIS OF FUZZY MULTIPLE CRITERIA IN ORDER TO SELECT THE LOGISTIC CENTERS LOCATION." TRANSPORT 25, no. 4 (2010): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.52.
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The main approaches which are applied to select the logistic center are the methods of gravity center, analytic hierarchy process, similarity to ideal solution, fuzzy ranking, assessment, etc. Multiple Criteria Decision‐Making (MCDM) combines analytical and inductive knowledge, describing a domain problem, which can be fuzzy and/or incomplete. The fuzzy MCDM (FMCDM) approach can explain the problem more appropriately. The purpose of the paper is to select the most suitable site for logistic centre among a set of alternatives, to help the stakeholders with the performance evaluation in an uncertain environment, where the subjectivity and vagueness of criteria are described by triangular fuzzy numbers. The paper presents a newly‐developed ARAS‐F method to solve different problems in transport, construction, economics, technology and sustainable development.
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Liang, Wei, Xiaolu Zhang, and Manfeng Liu. "The Maximizing Deviation Method Based on Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Weighted Aggregating Operator for Multiple Criteria Group Decision Analysis." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/746572.
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As a new extension of Pythagorean fuzzy set (also called Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy set of second type), interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy set which is parallel to Atanassov’s interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set has recently been developed to model imprecise and ambiguous information in practical group decision making problems. The aim of this paper is to put forward a novel decision making method for handling multiple criteria group decision making problems within interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy environment based on interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (IVPFNs). There are three key issues being addressed in this approach. The first is to introduce an interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy weighted arithmetic averaging (IVPF-WAA) operator to aggregate the decision data in order to get the overall preference values of alternatives. Some desirable properties of the IVPF-WAA operator are also investigated. Based on the idea of the maximizing deviation method, the second is to establish an optimization model for determining the weights of criteria for each expert. The third is to construct a minimizing consistency optimal model to derive the weights of criteria for the group. Finally, an illustrating example is given to verify the proposed approach.
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Chen, Ting-Yu. "The Inclusion-Based LINMAP Method for Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis Within an Interval-Valued Atanassov's Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 13, no. 06 (2014): 1325–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622014500722.
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The purpose of this paper is to develop an inclusion-based LINMAP (i.e., Linear Programming Technique for Multidimensional Analysis of Preference) method for multiple criteria decision analysis that is based on interval-valued Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Using the inclusion comparison possibility in the interval-valued Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy context, an inclusion-based index of interval-valued Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy numbers is proposed that considers positive and negative ideals. An inclusion-based consistency index and an inclusion-based inconsistency index to measure the concordance and discordance, respectively, between paired comparison judgments are suggested. An inclusion-based LINMAP model is constructed using a linear programming technique to determine the optimal criterion weights and obtain the corresponding comprehensive inclusion-based index for each alternative. Then, the priority order of the alternatives can be acquired according to the comprehensive inclusion-based indices. The feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated using a practical problem that relates to the selection of bridge construction methods. A comparative analysis of other relevant decision-making methods is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the developed methodology.
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Milenković, Marina, Draženko Glavić, and Miloš N. Mladenović. "Decision-Support Framework for Selecting the Optimal Road Toll Collection System." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (May 27, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4949565.
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One of the central decision-making questions in planning road tolling is the selection of the optimal toll collection system (TCS). The question of TCS selection arises in the situation when the existing TCS is to be upgraded or when TCS is selected for a newly constructed road. Considering that there are multiple TCS available nowadays, with their particular advantages and disadvantages, and that there is a range of often conflicting criteria for TCS selection, this decision-making issue belongs to the group of multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. The MCDM-based methodology used in this research integrates Strengths-Weakness-Opportunities-Threat (SWOT) analysis and Fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (F-PROMETHEE). The expert-based decision-support framework includes a procedure for defining evaluation criteria and their weights, scoring of alternatives, and sensitivity analysis. Presented decision-support framework is tested with fourteen toll systems. Results indicate that the best-ranked TCS is the dedicated short-range communication multilane free flow. Decision-support framework is developed for transferability to different contexts, where local features can be taken into account by choosing specific alternatives, criteria, and criteria values. Finally, this development opens up opportunities for further analysis of criteria values and considerations of user attitudes in road pricing scheme planning.
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Marttunen, Mika, and Jyri Mustajoki. "Use of Analyst-Generated Stakeholder Preference Profiles in Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis — Experiences from an Urban Planning Case." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 20, no. 03 (2018): 1840002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333218400021.
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Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a generic term for approaches supporting the systematic evaluation of alternatives in problems involving multiple criteria and stakeholders. One of the most challenging tasks is to gather preference information from stakeholders in a way that both reflects their true opinions and meets the theoretical requirements of the applied MCDA approach. Various techniques have been used in practice, including interviews and decision conferences. In this paper, we present a new cost-efficient approach in which an analyst generates weight profiles for various stakeholder groups. That is, instead of personally asking specific trade-off questions from the stakeholders, weight profiles are developed on the basis of more general preference information collected from the stakeholders. The potential advantages of this approach are: (i) the collection of the preferences using surveys is less laborious than personal interviews or decision conferences and (ii) the risk of cognitive biases in the weight elicitation can be reduced, because the most challenging task of MCDA — assigning weights to the criteria — is left to the analyst, who should be aware of typical biases and how to avoid them. We developed and tested the approach in a contested public decision-making situation related to the development of a new residential area. We utilised the data gathered from the participants of the workshops (21) as well as the data from a web survey including 177 responds via a randomly sampled closed survey, in addition to 484 responds via an open survey. Four preference profiles each having specific weight distributions to criteria were developed, using a multi-stage procedure. Four development alternatives were compared as based on the developed preference profiles. We were able to realise the MCDA process within a very tight time schedule, create plausible preference profiles and summarise each alternative’s pros and cons from different perspectives. However, we also identified several issues which have to be paid more attention in future cases or require further research.
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Ginevičius, Romualdas, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, and Artūras Kaklauskas. "EFFICIENCY INCREASE OF E-LEARNING BY APPLYING ON‐LINE INTELLIGENCE COMPUTER LEARNING SYSTEMS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 4, no. 3 (2003): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2003.9636055.
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Based on the analysis of existing computer learning, neural networks, information, expert and decision support systems, the following e‐learning systems were developed by authors: construction, real estate, facilities management, international trade, ethics, innovation, sustainable development, building refurbishment, etc. Application of above multiple criteria computer learning systems developed by authors allows one to determine the strengths and weaknesses of analysed alternatives and its constituent parts. Calculations were made to find out by what degree one version is better than an other and the reasons disclosed why it is namely so. Landmarks are set for an increase in the efficiency of versions, etc.
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Turan, Osman, Selim Alkaner, and Aykut i. Ölçer. "Integrated Multiple Attributive Decision Support System for Producibility Evaluation in Ship Design." Journal of Ship Production 20, no. 03 (2004): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2004.20.3.147.
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Ship design today can be viewed as an ad hoc process. It must be considered in the context of integration with other design development activities, such as production, costing, quality control, and so forth. Otherwise, it is possible for the designer to design a ship that is difficult to produce, requires high material or labor cost, or contains some design flaws that the production engineers have to correct or send back for redesigning before production can be done. Any adjustment required after the design stage will result in a penalty of extra time or cost. Deficiencies in the design of a ship will influence the succeeding stages of production. In addition to designing a ship that fulfills producibility requirements, it is also desirable to design a ship that satisfies risk, performance, cost, and customer requirements criteria. More recently, environmental concerns, safety, passenger comfort, and life-cycle issues are becoming essential parts of the current shipbuilding industry. Therefore, "design for X paradigm" should also be considered during the ship design stages. An integrated multiple attributive decision support system for producibility evaluation in ship design (PRODEVIS) is developed to use by industry and researchers in evaluating the producibility of competing ship designs and design features during the early stages of ship design by taking into account cost, performance, risk, and "design for X paradigm" attributes. This developed approach is a fuzzy multiple attributive group decision-making methodology where feasible design alternatives are conducted by a ship production simulation technique. In this approach, an attribute-based aggregation technique for a heterogeneous group of experts is employed and used for dealing with fuzzy opinion aggregation for the subjective attributes of the ship design evaluation problem. The developed methodology is illustrated with a case study.
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Low, Shye-Nee, Shahrul Kamaruddin, and Ishak Abdul Azid. "Improvement process selection framework for the formation of improvement solution alternatives." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 64, no. 5 (2015): 702–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-06-2013-0111.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) processes within a flow-line production-improvement activity. Investigation can lead to understanding of how a process improvement framework influences the decision and fulfillment of the potential to successfully change the operation process. Design/methodology/approach – The improvement process selection (IPS) framework is built systematically by incorporating all related decision criteria with suitable tools required to select improvement alternatives. The process consists of three phases: identification, prediction, and selection. The IPS framework is validated through a case study of a company that was carrying out a flow-line production-improvement project. Findings – The developed framework is used to prioritize the problem scope and select the solutions from various options. The case study illustrates the process through which the developed framework provided a systematic approach in identifying the solutions and achieving the desired performance improvement. Prediction result analysis shows the framework achieved sustainable process improvement changes and prevents management levels from higher risks in failure improvement. The feedback of the case study has verified the robustness of the framework. Practical implications – Quantitative improvement tools, such as MCDM employed in the IPS framework are vital for better understanding of the improvement impact of changes. Thus, the improvement solution alternatives can be analyzed in more comprehensive ways by considering numerous performance metrics in order to select the best improvement alternatives. Originality/value – The IPS framework can assist the company in determining optimal decisions in relation to selection of improvement alternatives. As a result, production performance can be affected positively.
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Adeel, Arooj, Muhammad Akram, Imran Ahmed, and Kashif Nazar. "Novel m-Polar Fuzzy Linguistic ELECTRE-I Method for Group Decision-Making." Symmetry 11, no. 4 (2019): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11040471.
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Linguistic variables play a vital role in several qualitative decision environments, in which decision-makers assume several feasible linguistic values or criteria instead of a single term for an alternative or variable. The motivation for the use of words or sentences instead of numbers is that linguistic classification and characterizations are generally less precise than numerical ones. In this research article, we encourage the fuzzy linguistic approach and introduce the novel concept known as m-polar fuzzy linguistic variable (mFLV) to increase the affluence of linguistic variables based on m-polar fuzzy (mF) approach. An mF set is an effective concept for interpreting uncertainty and fuzziness. The concept of mFLV is more versatile and sensible for dealing with real-life problems, when data comes from qualitative and multipolar information. We also introduce an mF linguistic ELECTRE-I approach to solve multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and multiple-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problems, where the evaluation of the alternatives under suitable linguistic values are determined by the decision-makers. Furthermore, we validate the efficiency of our proposed technique by applying it to real-life examples, such as the salary analysis of companies and by selecting a corrupt country. Finally, we develop an algorithm of our proposed approach, present its flow chart, and generate computer programming code.
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Wang, Le, Hong-Yu Zhang, Jian-Qiang Wang, and Guo-Fang Wu. "Picture fuzzy multi-criteria group decision-making method to hotel building energy efficiency retrofit project selection." RAIRO - Operations Research 54, no. 1 (2020): 211–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2019004.
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Building energy consumption accounts for a considerable proportion on energy consumption. To reduce building energy consumption, building energy efficiency retrofitting (BEER) based on Energy Performance Contracting mechanism is the most feasible and cost-effective method. With the increase number of BEER projects, BEER project selection has become an essential problem for energy service companies. In this paper, a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) method is proposed to deal with BEER project selection problem. First, picture fuzzy sets are employed to describe the evaluation information under the complex and uncertain environment. Subsequently, picture fuzzy weighted average operator and Laplace distribution-picture fuzzy order weighted average operator are proposed based on convex combination to aggregate individual evaluations into the overall evaluations. Furthermore, picture fuzzy TOPSIS-based QUALIFLEX method is developed to identify the optimal ranking of alternatives. Moreover, the practicality, effectiveness and advantages of the proposed MCGDM method are illustrated using a case study of hotel BEER project selection and comparative analysis. Finally, conclusions about primary contributions, and future discussions of the proposed method are demonstrated.
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Resniova, Ecaterina, and Tatiana Ponomarenko. "Sustainable Development of the Energy Sector in a Country Deficient in Mineral Resources: The Case of the Republic of Moldova." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (2021): 3261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063261.
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The energy sector is an essential element in an economy’s infrastructure, so a deficit of national mineral resources makes the energy sector dependent on imports of raw materials, which in turn can negatively affect a country’s energy security. The sustainable development of the energy sector for countries with transitioning economies should be based on the energy trilemma. Four principles are proposed: diversification of energy resources and energy generation sources, ensuring energy efficiency, ensuring energy affordability, and green energy production. Based on a comparative analysis of the economic and energy indicators (for the years 2014 to 2019) of European countries that are not members of the European Union, the situation in the energy sector of the Republic of Moldova is classified as critical and its fundamental issues are identified (107th place in the World Energy Trilemma Index). The main objectives of the study are: (1) To analyze energy and economic efficiency as well as the conditions for and problems of the functioning of the energy sector in countries with transition economies (using non-European Union countries as an example); (2) To present a substantiation of the directions for development of the energy sector in countries with transition economies that lack energy resources (using the Republic of Moldova as an example), taking into account the identified factors and principles of sustainable development; (3) To develop an economic and mathematical model for assessing the directions for the development of the energy sector in countries with transition economies using multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). Decision-making methods can be used to select strategic development alternatives, particularly in the energy sector. MCDA has several advantages and uses in the following situations: comparing several alternatives; identifying the most preferable and unacceptable alternatives; comparing alternatives based on several (sometimes conflicting) criteria; looking for a compromise in a situation where different stakeholders have conflicting goals or values. A methodology including a system of 7 indicators and an economic and mathematical model for assessing development paths for the energy sector in countries with transition economies were developed that are based on multiple-criteria decision analysis. An algorithm and a computer program were developed to carry out MCDA and select the best development path for the energy sector of the Republic of Moldova. The article presents a rationale for choosing the best option regarding the development of the energy sector of the Republic of Moldova, which is a country with a deficit of its own energy resources.
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Adiguna, Surya, Dewanti Dewanti Dewanti, and JB Odoki. "Multi-Year Program under Budget Constraints Using Multi-Criteria Analysis." Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 3, no. 2 (2017): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.26791.
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Road investment appraisal requires joint consideration of multiple criteria which are related to engineering, economic, social and environmental impacts. The investment consideration could be based on the economic analysis but however for some factors, such as environmental, social, and political, are difficult to quantify in monetary term. The multi-criteria analysis is the alternative tool which caters the requirements of the issues above. The research, which is based on 102 class D and class E paved road sections in Kenya, is about to optimize road network investment under budget constraints by applying a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) method and compare it with the conventional economic analysis. The MCA is developed from hierarchy structure which is considered as the analytical framework. The framework is based on selected criteria and weights which are assigned from Kenya road policy. The HDM-4 software is applied as decision-making tool to obtain the best investment alternatives and road work programs from both MCA and economic analysis. The road work programs will be the results from the analysis using both MCA and economic analysis within HDM-4 software to see the difference and compare the results between both programs. The results from MCA show 51 road sections need periodic work, which is overlay or resealing. Meanwhile, 51 others need rehabilitation or reconstruction. The five years road work program which based on economic analysis result shows that it costs almost Kenyan Shilling (KES) 130 billion to maintain the class D and E paved road in Kenya. Meanwhile, the MCA only requires KES 59.5 billion for 5 years program. These results show huge margin between two analyses and somehow MCA result provides more efficient work program compared to economic analysis.
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Buttigieg, Sandra C., Dorothy Gauci, Frank Bezzina, and Prasanta K. Dey. "Post-surgery length of stay using multi-criteria decision-making tool." Journal of Health Organization and Management 32, no. 4 (2018): 514–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-08-2017-0196.
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Purpose Length of stay (LOS) in hospital after surgery varies for each patient depending on surgeon’s decision that considers criticality of the surgery, patient’s conditions before and after surgery, expected time to recovery and experience of the surgeon involved. Decision on patients’ LOS at hospital post-surgery affects overall healthcare performance as it affects both cost and quality of care. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model for deriving the most appropriate LOS after surgical interventions. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts an action research involving multiple stakeholders (surgeon, patients/patients’ relatives, hospital management and other medics). First, a conceptual model is developed using literature and experts’ opinion. Second, the model is applied in three surgical interventions in a public hospital in Malta to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model. Third, the policy alternatives developed are compared to a selection of current international standards for each surgical intervention. The proposed model analyses three LOS threshold policies for three procedures using efficiency and responsiveness criteria. The entire analysis is carried out using 325 randomly selected patient files along with structured interactions with more than 50 stakeholders (surgeon, patients/patients’ relatives, hospital management and other medics). A multiple criteria decision-making method is deployed for model building and data analysis. The method involves combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for verbal subjective judgements on prioritizing the four predictors of surgical LOS—medical, financial, social and risk, with pairwise comparisons of the sub-criteria under each criterion in line with the concerned interventions—the objective data of which are obtained from the patients’ files. Findings The proposed model was successfully applied to decide on the best policy alternative for LOS for the three interventions. The best policy alternatives compared well to current international benchmarks. Research limitations/implications The proposed method needs to be tested for other interventions across various healthcare settings. Practical implications Multi-criteria decision-making tools enable resource optimization and overall improvement of patient care through the application of a scientific management technique that involves all relevant stakeholders while utilizing both subjective judgements as well as objective data. Originality/value Traditionally, the duration of post-surgery LOS is mainly based on the surgeons’ clinical but also arbitrary decisions, with, as a result, having insufficiently explicable variations in LOS amongst peers for similar interventions. According to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to derive post-surgery LOS using the AHP, a multiple criteria decision-making method.
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Oral, Ceren. "Analytical Hierarchy Process as a Tool for Investment Appraisal." International Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 4 (2016): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v8n4p306.
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<p>Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), is the method of multiple-criteria decision analysis. AHP; severity of the important criteria in deciding the pairwise comparisons and it carries out the sequence of decisions alternatives. AHP is a powerful and easy to understand method that allows combining qualitative and quantitative factors in the decision making process for groups and individuals.</p><p>AHP in finance is a frequently used method especially financial performance appraisal, credit appraisal, the financial failure prediction, estimation of the exchange rate and the selection of projects. Evaluation and selection of projects is a difficult task before making investment decisions. In this context, it has been developed a case study to determine the best project by applying the AHP technique. For this purpose, considering four criteria, the best projects between options have been identified and evaluated by alternative four projects.</p>
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Khan, Muhammad Sajjad Ali, Saleem Abdullah, and Peide Lui. "Gray Method for Multiple Attribute Decision Making with Incomplete Weight Information under the Pythagorean Fuzzy Setting." Journal of Intelligent Systems 29, no. 1 (2018): 858–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0099.
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Abstract In this study, we developed an approach to investigate multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems, in which the attribute values take the form of Pythagorean fuzzy numbers whose information about attribute weights is incompletely known. First, the Pythagorean fuzzy Choquet integral geometric operator is utilized to aggregate the given decision information to obtain the overall preference value of each alternative by experts. In order to obtain the weight vector of the criteria, an optimization model based on the basic ideal of the traditional gray relational analysis method is established, and the calculation steps for solving Pythagorean fuzzy MAGDM problems with incompletely known weight information are given. The degree of gray relation between every alternative and positive-ideal solution and negative-ideal solution is calculated. Then, a relative relational degree is defined to determine the ranking order of all alternatives by calculating the degree of gray relation to both the positive-ideal solution and negative-ideal solution simultaneously. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.
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Álvarez-Román, Maria Teresa, Ignacio Cuervo-Arango, Rafael Pérez-Santamarina, et al. "Determining the value contribution of emicizumab (Hemlibra®) for the prophylaxis of haemophilia A with inhibitors in Spain by multi-criteria decision analysis." Global & Regional Health Technology Assessment: Italian; Northern Europe and Spanish 2019 (January 2019): 228424031988053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2284240319880534.
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Patients with moderate to severe haemophilia A are at a higher risk of developing FVIII inhibitors that require the use of more costly and less effective treatments. The objective of this study was to determine the value of emicizumab for the prophylaxis of haemophilia A with inhibitors compared to the current therapeutic alternatives, activated prothrombin complex concentrate and recombinant factor VIIa through reflective Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. The EVIDEM framework adapted to orphan drugs and weighted by a sample of 98 national and regional Spanish evaluators was used. Two structured evidence matrices were developed: emicizumab against activated prothrombin complex concentrate and emicizumab against recombinant factor VIIa. A multidisciplinary team of haemophilia experts rated each of the criteria. Mean and standard deviation were calculated by each criterion and discussed among all participants. Haemophilia A with inhibitors was perceived as a severe disease with high unmet needs. Emicizumab was rated with higher efficacy, therapeutic benefit and quality of life than comparators. When administered alone for the prevention of bleeding events, emicizumab had slightly better safety and tolerability profile than activated prothrombin complex concentrate and similar with recombinant factor VIIa. The inclusion of emicizumab in clinical practice guidelines was valued positively by the members of the panel. Overall, value of emicizumab was higher than activated prothrombin complex concentrate and recombinant factor VIIa, mostly because of efficacy and therapeutic benefit in reducing treated haemorrhages. Reflective Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis has proven to be a feasible method to determine the value contribution of comparative therapies in haemophilia.
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Hidalgo, Liz Mabel Ríos, Luis M. Peralta-Suárez, and Yailen Busto Yera. "Development of a Technology for Treating Wastewater Contaminated with Nitric Acid." Journal of Waste Management 2013 (July 2, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/278618.
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The production process of nitroaromatic hazardous compounds, with the generation of acidic wastewater, represents a significant danger for the health and safety of the workers and the environment. The present study is focused on the development of an efficient installation to treat acidic wastewater resulting from the synthesis process of nitroaromatic compound, considering workers safety and environmental criteria. In this research, a detailed study of the different alternatives that can be used for effective and safe treatment of acidic wastewater was performed. The analysis of several technological schemes for the acidic wastewaters neutralization and the selection of the most feasible alternative from a technical-economic point of view were carried out. The simulation and mathematical modeling developed in this research represent a significant advance in the knowledge of this process for working in a much more secure form. The technological scheme of the process was defined, and the design of the main and auxiliary equipment as well as the piping system was carried out using different computational programs. Finally, this paper proposes a technological design for the treatment of acidic wastewater generated by the production process of nitroaromatic compound, which represents the basic criteria for the further design, construction, and equipment installation of the plant.
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Ayağ, Zeki. "A comparison study of fuzzy-based multiple-criteria decision-making methods to evaluating green concept alternatives in a new product development environment." International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 14, no. 3 (2021): 412–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-03-2021-0040.
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PurposeIn this paper, the four popular multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods in fuzzy environment are utilized to reflect the vagueness and uncertainty on the judgments of decision-makers (DMs), because the crisp pairwise comparison in these conventional MCDM methods seems to be insufficient and imprecise to capture the right judgments of DMs. Of these methods, as Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) is used to calculate criteria weights, the other methods; Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (F-TOPSIS), Fuzzy Grey relational analysis (F-GRA) and Fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization METhod for Enrichment of Evaluations (F- PROMETHEE II) are used to rank alternatives in the three different ways for a comparative study.Design/methodology/approachThe demand for green products has dramatically increased because the importance and public awareness of the preservation of natural environment was taken into consideration much more in the last two decades. As a result of this, especially manufacturing companies have been forced to design more green products, resulting in a problem of how they incorporate environmental issues into their design and evaluate concept options. The need for the practical decision-making tools to address this problem is rapidly evolving since the problem turns into an MCDM problem in the presence of a set of green concept alternatives and criteria.FindingsThe incorporation of fuzzy set theory into these methods is discussed on a real-life case study, and a comparative analysis is done by using its numerical results in which the three fuzzy-based methods reveal the same outcomes (or rankings), while F-GRA requires less computational steps. Moreover, more detailed analyses on the numerical results of the case study are completed on the normalization methods, distance metrics, aggregation functions, defuzzification methods and other issues.Research limitations/implicationsThe designing and manufacturing environmental-friendly products in a product design process has been a vital issue for many companies which take care of reflecting environmental issues into their product design and meeting standards of recent green guidelines. These companies have utilized these guidelines by following special procedures at the design phase. Along the design process consisting of various steps, the environmental issues have been considered an important factor in the end-of-life of products since it can reduce the impact on the nature. In the stage of developing a new product with the aim of environmental-friendly design, the green thinking should be incorporated as early as possible in the process.Practical implicationsThe case study was inspired from the previous work of the author, which was realized in a hot runner systems manufacturer, used in injection molding systems in a Canada. In a new product development process, the back- and front-ends of development efforts mainly determine the following criteria: cost, risk, quality and green used in this paper. The case study showed that the three fuzzy MCDM methods come to the same ranking outcomes. F-GRA has a better time complexity compared to the other two methods and uses a smaller number of computational steps. Moreover, a comparative analysis of the three F-MCDM methods; F-PROMETHEE II, F-TOPSIS and F-GRA used in ranking for green concept alternatives using the numerical results of the case study. For the case study; as seen in table 20, the three F-MCDM methods produced the numerical results on the rankings of the green concept alternatives as follows; {Concept A-Concept C–Concept B–Concept D}.Social implicationsInclusion of environmental-related criteria into concept selection problem has been gaining increasing importance in the last decade. Therefore, to facilitate necessary calculations in applying each method especially with its fuzzy extension, it can be developed a knowledge-based (KB) or an expert system (ES) to help the DMs make the required calculations of each method, and interpret its results with detailed analysis.Originality/valueThe objective of the research was to propose a F-AHP based F-MCDM approach to green concept selection problem through F-PROMETHEE II, F-TOPSIS and F-GRA methods. As the F-AHP is used to weight evaluation criteria, the other methods are respectively used for ranking the concept alternatives and determine the best concept alternative.
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De Jesus, Vinicius Maia, Luiz Flavio Autran Monteiro Gomes, and Fernando Filardi. "The selection of contract strategies using the analytic network process for oil and gas projects: a case study." Independent Journal of Management & Production 10, no. 2 (2019): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v10i2.850.
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The key objective of this study was to select Oil & Gas projects contract strategies. The ANP method was used in order to achieve this objective. The candidate strategies had multiple, interrelated consequences and generated a series of impacts (technical, commercial and environmental). The study carried out by using the ANP added significant value to the company by making the evaluation and selection processes more transparent and efficient as well as by reducing environmental impacts and optimizing the use of natural resources. A working group was formed to analyze the possible contract strategies for a particularly complex project and an ex post facto analysis was performed. The case study was therefore developed in a setting of investment review by the working group including professionals from different subareas. Those professionals were responsible for recommending the most adequate contract strategy. The working group focused on four possible alternatives (A, B, C and D). However, A and B were discarded for not attending to the restrictions related to the necessary cash and debt impact. Therefore, only C and D were analyzed, taking into account the five criteria with greater relative weight: cost, performance, deadline, control, and number of interfaces. Besides those, other criteria had also a significant contribution to the study. A sensitivity analysis took into account the independence of clusters and did not change the ranking of the alternatives, leading to a robust solution of the problem.
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Konneh, David, Harun Howlader, Ryuto Shigenobu, Tomonobu Senjyu, Shantanu Chakraborty, and Narayanan Krishna. "A Multi-Criteria Decision Maker for Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Selection Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (2019): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11041188.
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Combating climate change issues resulting from excessive use of fossil fuels comes with huge initial costs, thereby posing difficult challenges for the least developed countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to invest in renewable energy alternatives, especially with rapid industrialization. However, designing renewable energy systems usually hinges on different economic and environmental criteria. This paper used the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) technique to optimally size ten grid-connected hybrid blocks selected amongst Photo-Voltaic (PV) panels, onshore wind turbines, biomass combustion plant using sugarcane bagasse, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and Diesel Generation (DG) system as backup power, to reduce the supply deficit in Sierra Leone. Resource assessment using well-known methods was done for PV, wind, and biomass for proposed plant sites in Kabala District in Northern and Kenema District in Southern Sierra Leone. Long term analysis was done for the ten hybrid blocks projected over 20 years whilst ensuring the following objectives: minimizing the Deficiency of Power Supply Probability (DPSP), Diesel Energy Fraction (DEF), Life Cycle Costs (LCC), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. Capacity factors of 27.41 % and 31.6 % obtained for PV and wind, respectively, indicate that Kabala district is the most feasible location for PV and wind farm installations. The optimum results obtained are compared across selected blocks for DPSP values of 0–50% to determine the most economical and environmentally friendly alternative that policy makers in Sierra Leone and the region could apply to similar cases.
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Riaz, Muhammad, Hafiz Muhammad Athar Farid, Muhammad Aslam, Dragan Pamucar, and Darko Bozanić. "Novel Approach for Third-Party Reverse Logistic Provider Selection Process under Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Prioritized Aggregation Operators." Symmetry 13, no. 7 (2021): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13071152.
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Aggregation operators are fundamental concept for information fusion in real-life problems. Many researchers developed aggregation operators for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) under uncertainty. Unfortunately, the existing operators can be utilized under strict limitations and constraints. In this manuscript, we focused on new prioritized aggregation operators which remove the strict limitations of the existing operators. The addition of reference parameters associated with membership and non-membership grades in the linear Diophantine Fuzzy sets provide a robust modeling for MCDM problems. The primary objective of this manuscript is to introduce new aggregation operators for modeling uncertainty by using linear Diophantine Fuzzy information. For this objective we develop aggregation operators (AO) namely, "linear Diophantine Fuzzy prioritized weighted average" (LDFPWA) operator and "linear Diophantine Fuzzy prioritized weighted geometric" (LDFPWG) operator. Certain essential properties of new prioritized AOs are also proposed. A secondary objective is to discuss a practical application of third party reverse logistic provider (3PRLP) optimization problem. The efficiency, superiority, and rationality of the proposed approach is analyzed by a numerical example to discuss 3PRLP. The symmetry of optimal decision and ranking of feasible alternatives is followed by a comparative analysis.
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Kaklauskas, Artūras, and Valdas Pruskus. "INTERNETINĖ PARAMA PRIIMANT DAUGIAKRITERIUS ETINIUS SPRENDIMUS." Problemos 68 (January 1, 2005): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.2005..4070.
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Didėjant šiuolaikinio gyvenimo spartai, sudėtingumui ir kompleksiškumui vis daugiau dėmesio skiriama įvairioms etinėms problemoms. Etiniai klausimai tampa visų svarbesnių socialinių, ekonominių ir kultūrinių problemų sprendimo sudedamąja dalimi. Todėl atsirado būtinybė įvairius etinius klausimus kvalifikuotai spręsti naudojant internetines sprendimų paramos sistemas. Nors pasaulyje sukurta daug etikos problemų sprendimų priėmimo modelių, tačiau mažai naudojamos informacinės technologijos. Be to, šiuos modelius ne visada galima tiesiogiai pasitelkti kuriant internetines sprendimų paramos sistemas. Straipsnyje pateikiamas autorių sukurtas internetinis daugiakriteris etinių sprendimų priėmimo modelis. Jis buvo kuriamas remiantis etiniais autonomiškumo, geradarystės, žalos ne darymo, teisingumo ir atsidavimo bei keliais sprendimų priėmimo (sprendimo ir jo pasekmių gyvavimo ciklo analizės, įvairių mokslų sąsajos, daugelio variantų sudarymo ir daugiakriterės alternatyvų analizės bei nagrinėjamų alternatyvų etiškumo laipsnio priklausomumo nuo suinteresuotų grupių ir jų tikslų) principais. Aptariami pagrindiniai etinių sprendimų priėmimo etapai, išryškinamos utilitarizmo deontologijos ir teisingumo teorijų nuostatos, kuriomis remiantis įvertinamos alternatyvos ir priimami sprendimai. Kad pasiūlytas modelis būtų vaizdesnis, straipsnyje pateikiamas jo pagrindu išspręstas pavyzdys.Reikšminiai žodžai: etika, etinių sprendimų priėmimas, daugiakriterė analizė, internetinė etinių sprendimų paramos sistema.
 
 THE USES OF INTERNET IN THE ETHICAL MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION-MAKINGArtūras Kaklauskas, Valdas Pruskus
 SummaryRecently more and more consumers apply Web-Based decision support systems in practice, because more people have gained the possibility to use the Internet. Also, special requirements for such system’s development have been applied. Therefore, traditional models of ethical decision-making cannot always be directly applied in such systems. In this paper the Web-Based Model of Multiple Criteria Ethical Decision-Making is developed by the authors that is based on ethical (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice and fidelity) and decision-making (life-cycle analysis, multi-variant design and multiple criteria analysis, etc.) principles. This Model can help stakeholders to make the best feasible decision in given circumstances. The proposed Model does not make ethical decisions, but explains a process for investigating a situation.Keywords: ethics, multiple criteria analysis, ethical decision-making models, Web-Based decision support systems.
 
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Harris, Debra D., and Lori Fitzgerald. "A life-cycle cost analysis for flooring materials for healthcare facilities." Journal of Hospital Administration 4, no. 4 (2015): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v4n4p92.
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Objective: In this study, hard, resilient and soft flooring materials are compared using a building service life of 50 years, an established life span for healthcare facilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the life-cycle cost of flooring products and inform decision-makers about the long-term cost of ownership along with other key factors, such as safety, durability, and aesthetics.Methods: The protocol for executing an life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is defined by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), including defining the problem, identifying feasible alternatives, and establishing common assumptions and parameters, as well as acquiring financial information. Product information for the flooring materials that met inclusion criteria based on characteristics of the products consistent with use in healthcare facilities was acquired including maintenance, installation, warranty, and cost data. LCCA calculations recognize the time value of money and use discounting to project future value.Results: The results generated from the LCCA using present value to project future costs provide a useful tool for projecting costs over time for the purpose of planning operational and maintenance costs associated with the long-term investment of ownership. The findings suggest that soft flooring is more cost effective for initial purchase and installation, equipment assets, and maintenance over time of facilities.Conclusions: Cost is an important factor when considering flooring materials for healthcare facilities. Other factors to be considered are safety, durability and aesthetics, cleanliness, acoustics and sustainability to realize the overall return on investment. This study developed a tool for projecting costs of ownership for facility materials, in this case, flooring. The selection of flooring material has a significant impact on the cost of ownership over the life of the facility.
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DARJAN, KARABASEVIC, STANUJKIC DRAGISA, BRAZKOVIC MIODRAG, MAKSIMOVIC MLADJAN, and BRZAKOVIC PAVLE. "The evaluation of websites in the textile industry by applying ISO/IEC 9126-4 standard and the EDAS method." Industria Textila 69, no. 06 (2019): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.06.1520.
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Nowadays, modern companies perform the largest part of their communications with their consumers over the Internet, usually in order to promote their own products and services. There are almost no companies today that do not promote their products and services through the Internet and websites. Therefore, measuring the quality of a website is significant from the company’s point of view in order to maintain the competitive advantage in the long run; thus, the quality of a website has become an area of great importance. This paper aims to present a new multiple-criteria decision-making approach, together with the “quality in use” ISO/IEC 9126-4 criteria devoted to the evaluation of the quality of websites in the textile industry. The proposed approach is based on the use of the newly-developed Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) method for the ranking of alternatives, i.e. in our case websites, whereas for the purpose of determining the weights, the adapted Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method is applied. In order to demonstrate usability, efficiency and simplicity a numerical example of the evaluation of the websites of the textile industry in Serbia is conducted.
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Riaz, Muhammad, Masooma Raza Hashmi, Humaira Kalsoom, Dragan Pamucar, and Yu-Ming Chu. "Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Soft Rough Sets for the Selection of Sustainable Material Handling Equipment." Symmetry 12, no. 8 (2020): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081215.
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The concept of linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (LDFSs) is a new approach for modeling uncertainties in decision analysis. Due to the addition of reference or control parameters with membership and non-membership grades, LDFS is more flexible and reliable than existing concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs), and q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs). In this paper, the notions of linear Diophantine fuzzy soft rough sets (LDFSRSs) and soft rough linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (SRLDFSs) are proposed as new hybrid models of soft sets, rough sets, and LDFS. The suggested models of LDFSRSs and SRLDFSs are more flexible to discuss fuzziness and roughness in terms of upper and lower approximation operators. Certain operations on LDFSRSs and SRLDFSs have been established to discuss robust multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) for the selection of sustainable material handling equipment. For these objectives, some algorithms are developed for the ranking of feasible alternatives and deriving an optimal decision. Meanwhile, the ideas of the upper reduct, lower reduct, and core set are defined as key factors in the proposed MCDM technique. An application of MCDM is illustrated by a numerical example, and the final ranking in the selection of sustainable material handling equipment is computed by the proposed algorithms. Finally, a comparison analysis is given to justify the feasibility, reliability, and superiority of the proposed models.
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Nguyen, Huynh Truong Gia, Erik Lyttek, Pankaj Lal, Taylor Wieczerak, and Pralhad Burli. "Assessment of Switchgrass-Based Bioenergy Supply Using GIS-Based Fuzzy Logic and Network Optimization in Missouri (U.S.A.)." Energies 13, no. 17 (2020): 4516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174516.
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Bioenergy has been globally recognized as one of the sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. An assured supply of biomass feedstocks is a crucial bottleneck for the bioenergy industry emanating from uncertainties in land-use changes and future prices. Analytical approaches deriving from geographical information systems (GIS)-based analysis, mathematical modeling, optimization analyses, and empirical techniques have been widely used to evaluate the potential for bioenergy feedstock. In this study, we propose a three-phase methodology integrating fuzzy logic, network optimization, and ecosystem services assessment to estimate potential bioenergy supply. The fuzzy logic analysis uses multiple spatial criteria to identify suitable biomass cultivating regions. We extract spatial information based on favorable conditions and potential constraints, such as developed urban areas and croplands. Further, the network analysis uses the road network and existing biorefineries to evaluate feedstock production locations. Our analysis extends previous studies by incorporating biodiversity and ecologically sensitive areas into the analysis, as well as incorporating ecosystem service benefits as an additional driver for adoption, ensuring that biomass cultivation will minimize the negative consequences of large-scale land-use change. We apply the concept of assessing the potential for switchgrass-based bioenergy in Missouri to the proposed methodology.
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Hashemkhani Zolfani, Sarfaraz, Reza Dehnavieh, Atousa Poursheikhali, Olegas Prentkovskis, and Payam Khazaelpour. "Foresight Based on MADM-Based Scenarios’ Approach: A Case about Comprehensive Sustainable Health Financing Models." Symmetry 12, no. 1 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12010061.
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As indicated by a worldwide common perspective about health and sustainable health systems, the health structure as a part of public health is a key theme of many societies. The future is shaped by probable future scenarios, for which dealing practically has many complications. This study is focused on the future scenarios for a comprehensive sustainable health financing model to support a superior structure for a decision and policy-making pilot for the society. This aim is followed based on multiple attribute decision making (MADM)-based scenarios using two MADM methods, step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS), as a hybrid model which is the first real case study of the approach. Four main probable future scenarios are identified and selected based on experts’ viewpoints about sustainable health financing models. These scenarios include membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO), dynamic basic insurance, international cooperation, and effective resources management. The process of evaluating based on the approach works as a wider picture, including all criteria and alternatives together. Sustainable medical services, empowering the private sector in both production and technology, and employing international managers took place as the top priority for considering the most applicable alternatives in the future. This structure is designed and developed in Iran’s context, and the Institute for Futures Studies in Health is the pilot of the research.
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Brock, Clifton O., Eric P. Bergh, Kenneth J. Moise, et al. "Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Velocimetry for the Diagnosis of Twin Anemia Polycythemia Sequence: A Systematic Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (2020): 1735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061735.
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Twin anemia polycythemia sequence (TAPS) is a rare complication of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins. Middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) measurements are used to screen for TAPS while fetal or neonatal hemoglobin levels are required for definitive diagnosis. We sought to perform a systematic review of the efficacy of MCA-PSV in diagnosing TAPS. Search criteria were developed using relevant terms to query the Pubmed, Embase, and SCOPUS electronic databases. Publications reporting diagnostic characteristics of MCA-PSV measurements (i.e., sensitivity, specificity or receiver operator curves) were included. Each article was assessed for bias using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies II (QUADAS II) tool. Results were assessed for uniformity to determine whether meta-analysis was feasible. Data were presented in tabular form. Among publications, five met the inclusion criteria. QUADAS II analysis revealed that four of the publications were highly likely to have bias in multiple areas. Meta-analysis was precluded by non-uniformity between definitions of TAPS by MCA-PSV and neonatal or fetal hemoglobin levels. High-quality prospective studies with consistent definitions and ultrasound surveillance protocols are still required to determine the efficacy of MCA-PSV in diagnosing TAPS. Other ultrasound findings (e.g., placenta echogenicity discordance) may augment Doppler studies.
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Bai, Jiulin, Shuangshuang Jin, and Jinping Ou. "An efficient method for optimizing the seismic resistance of reinforced concrete frame structures." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 4 (2019): 670–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219878856.
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A practical and efficient optimization procedure for designing reinforced concrete frame structures with improved resistance to seismic loading was developed. The design methodology used the optimality criteria method in an iterative analysis-and-redesign scheme. A damage ratio–based procedure was proposed by employing the inelastic component rotations from nonlinear dynamic analysis to strengthen the severely damaged components in each iteration. The optimization approach is intuitive, simple, and easy to apply, since only analysis tools are required. The approach was applied to optimize the seismic response of two prototype frames, and sensitivity analysis established the relationship between seismic performance and the additional material cost of strengthening. The proposed method can substantially reduce the maximum interstory drift for a slight increase of material cost, indicating that the proposed method is a feasible design procedure for improving the earthquake resistance of reinforced concrete frame structures. Also, the procedure can deal with the cases of single and multiple ground motions. The effectiveness of the proposed method was also verified through extensive time-history analyses.