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Tarrant, James C., David E. Holt, and Amy C. Durham. "Co-occurrence of Nasal Polyps and Neoplasms of the Canine Nasal Cavity." Veterinary Pathology 56, no. 6 (2019): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985819854438.
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Nasal polyps in dogs are space-occupying soft-tissue masses that have been encountered concurrently with intranasal neoplasia in surgical biopsy specimens. The proportion of nasal polyp co-occurrence with primary nasal tumors was examined, and follow-up biopsies on dogs initially diagnosed with nasal polyp were reviewed. Histologic sections from 321 cases of intranasal neoplasia and 50 cases of nasal polyp from 2004 to 2017 were reviewed. Of the 321 cases of intranasal neoplasia, 51 (16%) had concurrent nasal polyps, and most of these (47/51) had intranasal carcinoma. Twenty-five of the 50 dogs with a primary diagnosis of nasal polyp were rebiopsied, and the diagnoses in these subsequent biopsies were nasal polyp in 15, malignant neoplasm in 9, and intranasal nematode in 1. Nasal polyps occurred frequently in conjunction with nasal carcinoma. In dogs with a diagnosis of nasal polyp, repeat biopsy to reveal possible neoplasia is warranted.
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Jitendra Pratap Singh Chauhan, Ritu Gupta, and Abhay Kumar. "Nasal polyps and its histopathological classification: A retrospective study." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 8 (2023): 164–69. https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v14i8.3682.
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Background: The diagnosis of nasal polyp is made according to clinical and radiological criteria, while histopathologic examination is important for an accurate diagnosis. Histological classification of nasal polyps and its clinical implications are very rarely reported in the literature. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to study clinical presentation and site of occurrence of nasal polyps and histologically classify nasal polyps in relation to studies published in the literature. We classified the histological changes as described by Davidson and Hellquist. Materials and Methods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the 315 subjects were included in our study, which include eosinophilic polyp, fibro-inflammatory polyp, polyp with sero-mucinous gland hyperplasia, and polyp with stromal atypia. Results: Sinonasal polyps can be classified in the following way histologically: edematous or eosinophilic polyp 189 cases (60%); fibro-inflammatory polyp: 66 cases (21%); polyp with seromucinous gland hyperplasia: 35 cases (11%), polyp with stroma atypia: no case (0%), and fibrotic 25 cases (8%). Conclusion: We concluded that the nasal polyps mainly present as an edematous or eosinophilic pattern on histopathological examination. Studies on the histopathology of nasal polyps would help us to understand this disease more appropriately for treatment plan. Further differentiation of nasal polyps may help to develop new therapeutic strategies that are tailored according to the respective group.
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Jitendra Pratap Singh Chauhan, Ritu Gupta, and Abhay Kumar. "Nasal polyps and its histopathological classification: A retrospective study." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 8 (2023): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i8.52615.
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Background: The diagnosis of nasal polyp is made according to clinical and radiological criteria, while histopathologic examination is important for an accurate diagnosis. Histological classification of nasal polyps and its clinical implications are very rarely reported in the literature. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to study clinical presentation and site of occurrence of nasal polyps and histologically classify nasal polyps in relation to studies published in the literature. We classified the histological changes as described by Davidson and Hellquist. Materials and Methods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the 315 subjects were included in our study, which include eosinophilic polyp, fibro-inflammatory polyp, polyp with sero-mucinous gland hyperplasia, and polyp with stromal atypia. Results: Sinonasal polyps can be classified in the following way histologically: edematous or eosinophilic polyp 189 cases (60%); fibro-inflammatory polyp: 66 cases (21%); polyp with seromucinous gland hyperplasia: 35 cases (11%), polyp with stroma atypia: no case (0%), and fibrotic 25 cases (8%). Conclusion: We concluded that the nasal polyps mainly present as an edematous or eosinophilic pattern on histopathological examination. Studies on the histopathology of nasal polyps would help us to understand this disease more appropriately for treatment plan. Further differentiation of nasal polyps may help to develop new therapeutic strategies that are tailored according to the respective group.
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Patil V., Shruthi, and Geeta . "Clinical profile of cases with sino-nasal polyposis at a tertiary care hospital at North Karnataka: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 4 (2019): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20192566.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal polyps are defined as pearly white, prolapsed, pendunculated oedematous Sino-nasal mucosa. They are unique in their position and their composition. Many hypotheses concerning its pathogenesis have been proposed. But till now there is no clear evidence for any single cause. This study was taken-up to study the clinical profile of cases with sino-nasal polyps.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology at Vijayanagara Institution of Medical Sciences, Bellary, between January 2016 to April 2016 involving 60 patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pre-tested and edited proforma was used to collect the data. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 60 participants, 63.4% were males, mean age was 29.5 years. Ethmoidal polyp (63.4%) was the most common polyp followed by antrochoanal polyp (33.4%). Ethmoidal polyp was most commonly observed 31-40 years age while antrochoanal polyp was observed in 11-20 years age. Ethmoidal polyp and antrochoanal polyp were observed more commonly in males and females respectively. The most common presenting symptoms were nasal obstruction and nasal discharge.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Ethmoidal polyps are the most commonly observed sino-nasal polyps followed by antrochoanal polyp. Ethmoidal polyp was more commonly observed in adult age group while antrochoanal polyp was observed in children. The most common presenting symptoms were nasal obstruction and nasal discharge.</p>
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Miller, Chase H., Deborah R. Pudiak, Fadi Hatem, and Richard J. Looney. "Accumulation of Interferon Gamma-Producing TH1 Helper T Cells in Nasal Polyps." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 111, no. 1 (1994): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989411100111.
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We investigated the mechanisms involved in the formation of nasal polyps by examining T-cell clones and their production of soluble mediators in nasal polyps. Recently, the allergic origin of nasal polyps has been challenged. To study this question we characterized T cells from polyp tissue of allergic individuals in terms of their cytokine pattern. Nasal polyp T cells were cloned from allergic individuals undergoing polypectomy. Polyp tissue was dispersed enzymatically, and T cells were stimulated with mitogen and interleukin-2. Control T cells were obtained from peripheral blood of nonallergic donors. Cytokine production of interleukin-4 and interferon was then determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests. Polyp T-cell clones were found to produce high interferon but low interleukin-4 levels that were not significantly different from control peripheral blood T-cell clones. In addition, immunoglobulin production by dispersed polyp tissue was investigated. Immunoglobulin levels were higher in polyp tissues than in serum with immunoglobulin A predominating. These results suggest that the inflammatory reaction in nasal polyps is different than that seen in a typical type I hypersensitivity response.
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Liu, Cui, Qian Luo, Yan Tang, Gaoxin Yu, Kuai Liang, and Ligao Huang. "Relationship between plasma cyclin-dependent kinase 5 levels and local immunoglobulin levels in patients with nasal polyps." Cellular and Molecular Biology 67, no. 3 (2021): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2021.67.3.17.
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Nasal polyps are the most common benign nasal tumors that can lead to nasal obstruction and other annoying problems for the patient. Several hypotheses have been proposed as the basic mechanism of nasal polyps. In order to investigate one of the possible causes that can be a disorder in the regulation of systemic immune responses, the present study was designed to investigate the relationship between plasma cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) levels and local immunoglobulin levels in patients with nasal polyps. A cross-section study was used to evaluate concentrations of local immunoglobulin levels (IgE, IgM, IgA, and IgG) on blood and polyp specimens from 60 patients with nasal polyps, and 60 control groups. Western Blot Analysis was done for CDK5 in plasma cells. IgA, IgG and IgE concentrations were significantly higher in polyp tissue specimens, but not in blood, of nasal polyp patients compared to the control group. Furthermore, plasma CDK5 levels were significantly higher in nasal polyp tissue compared with control. The difference in IgA, IgE and IgG expression between nasal polyp tissue and blood, supported by increased numbers of plasma cells, suggests a local production of these local immunoglobulins in nasal polyps in response to chronic antigens. Among local immunoglobulins, only there was a significant correlation between CDK5 with IgG (positive correlation) and IgE (negative correlation). The exact explanation for the relationship between plasma CDK5 and local immunoglobulins in nasal polyps needs further studies.
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Naik, Mahendra S., and Sulabha M. Naik. "An Unusual Presentation of Nasal Polyp Arising from Floor of Nasal Cavity." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 3, no. 2 (2011): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1071.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Nasal polyps are pedunculated, edematous, prolapsed mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. These polyps commonly arise around the ostia of the paranasal sinuses in the middle meatus. Discussion The commonest sites of polyp formation are the ethmoid sinuses and maxillary sinus. Rarely polyps may also arise from the other paranasal sinuses. Sites in the nasal mucosa other than the paranasal sinuses are very rare, though polyps arising from the septum have also been reported. The etiology of nasal polyposis is believed to be due to an inflammatory reaction of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa. Conclusion In addition to the theory of altered airway dynamics in the middle meatus, there also appears to be a link between polyp formation and preceding chronic inflammation. This is the most likely explanation for the origin of polyps in unusual sites. We present here a case of a nasal polyp arising from the floor of the nasal cavity. There are no previous records or reports in literature of this unusual site of origin of a nasal polyp.
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Perić, Aleksandar, Danilo Vojvodić, Biserka Vukomanović-Đurđević, and Nenad Baletić. "Eosinophilic Inflammation in Allergic Rhinitis and Nasal Polyposis." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 62, no. 4 (2011): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-62-2011-2120.
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Eosinophilic Inflammation in Allergic Rhinitis and Nasal PolyposisOn histopathological examination, nasal polyps and nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis show different forms of pseudostratified respiratory epithelium, whereas the dominant characteristic of lamina propria is an eosinophilic infiltration. The aim of this study was to compare interleukin (IL)-5 and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) levels in the nasal fluid of 42 patients: 12 with allergic rhinitis and nasal septal deviation, 17 non-atopic patients with nasal polyposis, and 13 atopic nasal polyp patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Nasal secretion samples were collected a few days before surgery. The levels of IL-5 were measured using flow cytometry and the ECP using a commercial ELISA kit. In addition, we counted eosinophils in hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained sections of all nasal polyp and all nasal mucosa samples taken from the inferior nasal turbinates during septoplasty. A significantly higher concentration of IL-5 was found in the nasal fluid of atopic patients with nasal polyposis than in non-atopic nasal polyp patients (p=0.025) and patients with allergic rhinitis (p=0.05). ECP was higher in atopic nasal polyp patients than in patients with allergic rhinitis (p<0.0001) and than in non-atopic nasal polyp patients (p<0.0001). Polyp eosinophils were higher in atopic' than in non-atopic patients (p<0.0001) and higher than in the mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis (p<0.0001). These however had significantly more mucosal eosinophils than was found in the polyps of non-atopic patients' (p=0.025). ECP levels in nasal fluid and eosinophil counts in tissue specimens correlated well in all three groups of patients. Our study has shown that atopic nasal polyp patients have a higher level of eosinophilic inflammation than non-atopic patients with nasal polyps and patients with allergic rhinitis.
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Yariktas, Murat, Fehmi Doner, Recep Sutcu, Mustafa Demirci, Harun Dogru, and Hasan Yasan. "The Effect of Topical Corticosteroid on Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Nasal Polyp Tissue." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 3 (2005): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900306.
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Background The etiology of nasal polyposis and pathophysiological mechanisms of polyp formation is still poorly understood. Experimental models have suggested that nasal polyp growth requires extracellular matrix formation and is associated with fibroblast proliferation. Intranasal corticosteroids appear to be useful in reducing nasal polypoid lesions and the likelihood of polyp recurrence after surgery. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent angiogenesis factor and is mitogenic for a wide range of cell types. We investigated the alteration of bFGF levels in nasal polyp tissue after administration of topical corticosteroid. Methods Nasal polyp tissues were obtained from 36 patients with diffuse nasal polyposis before and after topical nasal steroid treatment. As a topical nasal steroid mometasone furoate was given for 4 weeks in a dosage of 200 μg/day. The bFGF levels were measured by competitive enzyme immunoassay method. Results The mean levels of tissue bFGF, before and after topical nasal steroid treatment, were 1485 ± 826 ng/mg protein (range, 416–3434 ng/mg) and 1340 ± 749 ng/mg protein (range, 330–3288 ng/mg), respectively. The levels of bFGF in nasal polyps were significantly lower than those before treatment after administration of topical nasal steroid (p = 0.011). Conclusion Administration of topical nasal steroid decreases bFGF levels of nasal polyp. It may be suggested that one of the effects in diminishing the size of nasal polyps is by decreasing the bFGF.
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Yadav, Ankita, Ginni Datta, and Amarjeet. "Sphenochoanal polyp." IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science 4, no. 3 (2021): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijoas.2021.025.
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Sphenochoanal polyp are rare tumours arising from sphenoid sinus. The main presenting complain is gradually progressing nasal obstruction. Sphenochoanal polyp mimics antrochoanal polyp clinically. To differentiate it from antrochoanal polyp, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses are the investigation of choice. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the line of treatment.: A 33years old female presented with right nasal obstruction since 2 years. On Diagnostic nasal endoscopy polypoidal mass was seen partially obliterating the right nasal cavity not arising from middle meatus. CT scan showed polypoidal mass obliterating the nasal cavity, choana and Sphenoid sinus. It was completely excised by functional endoscopic surgery.We present this rare case to highlight the use of diagnostic nasal endoscopy and Computed Tomography in the diagnosis and treatment of Sphenochoanal polyps
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Khairunnisa, Salma Yuri, Tofrizal Tofrizal, and Netti Suharti. "Hubungan Jumlah Eosinofil dengan Ukuran Polip Nasal dan Karakteristik Pasien yang Didiagnosis di Sentra Diagnostik PA FK-UNAND Tahun 2017-2019." Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia 2, no. 1 (2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jikesi.v2i1.291.
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 Background: Nasal polyps is a soft masses filled with fluid in nasal mucosa. The incidence is not high, but nasal polyps are related with inflammatory process. Factors that can affect nasal polyps are eosinophils, polyp size, age and gender of the patient.
 Objective: This study aims to discuss the association between eosinophils with polyp size, age and gender of polyp patient.
 Methods: The type of this study was an analytic using a cross sectional approach. This research took place from February- October 2020 in the Pathology Anatomy Diagnostic Central of Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University with 19 total sample and this study used total sampling technique. 
 Results: The results based on bivariate analysis of Chi-Square test between amount of eosinophils with polyp size, age and gender of polyps patients have p values (p = 0, 036), (p = 0.264), (p = 1, 00).
 Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between eosinophils and polyp size. There is no significant relationship between eosinophils with age and gender of patients with nasal polyps in the Pathology Anatomy Diagnostic Central of Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University in 2017- 2019.
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Wardani, Retno Sulistyo, and Ika Dewi Mayangsari. "Woakes syndrome." Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana 44, no. 1 (2014): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32637/orli.v44i1.86.
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Background: Extensive nasal polyp growth in the paranasal sinuses can lead to bone erosion of the sinus walls and cause facial disfigurement due to continuous pressure or chronic inflammation. This extremely rare phenomenon is called Woakes syndrome. This syndrome consist of several symptoms include the destruction of ethmoid sinus that cause broadening of the bridge of the nose, frontal sinus aplasia and bronchiectasis. Purpose: To give complete information about the diagnosis and management of Woakes Syndrome. Case: A 16-year-old boy with deformity of the left nose, nasal obstruction and frequent episodes of rhinorrhea since 4 months before admission. Nasoendoscopic evaluation showedhuge nasal polyps filling the left nasal cavity, pushing the septum and narrowing the right nasal cavity. Histopathology result was edematous polyp with necrosis and massive bleeding without signs of malignancy. Management: Patient was managed in two stages operations. First, nasal polyp removal by FESS technique in general anesthesia, and the second stage four months later, was septorhinoplasty for aesthetic bridge reconstruction. Conclusion: Nasal polyps could be related to Woakes syndrome, characterized by broadening of nasal bridge which needs functional and aesthetic surgery. Keyword: Woakes Syndrome, nasal polyps, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Septorhinoplasty ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Polip hidung besar yang meluas dalam sinus paranasal dapat menyebabkan erosi dinding sinus dan menyebabkan cacat wajah akibat tekanan terus-menerus atau peradangan kronis. Fenomena ini sangat langka dan disebut sebagai sindrom Woakes. Sindrom ini terdiri dari beberapa gejala termasuk kerusakan dinding sinus etmoid yang menyebabkan hidung melebar, aplasia sinus frontal dan bronkiektasis. Tujuan: Untuk memberikan informasi yang lengkap tentang diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan Woakes Syndrome. Kasus: Seorang anak laki-laki 16 tahun dengan deformitas hidung kiri, hidung tersumbat dan pilek berulang sejak 4 bulan. Evaluasi nasoendokopi menunjukkanpolip hidung masif mengisi rongga hidung kiri, mendorong septum dan menyempitkan rongga hidung kanan. Pemeriksan histo-patologi memperlihatkan polip edematosa dengan nekrosis dan perdarahan masif tanpa tanda-tanda keganasan. Penatalaksanaan: Pada pasien dilakukan dua tahap tindakan. Pertama, dilakukan Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional (BSEF) dan polipektomi dalam anestesi umum, dan empat bulan kemudian pasien menjalani septorinoplasti untuk rekonstruksi wajah. Kesimpulan: Polip hidung pada kasus ini kemungkinan terkait dengan sindrom Woakes, ditandai dengan pelebaranpyramid hidung yang membutuhkan tindakan operasi fungsional dan estetika.Kata kunci: sindroma Woakes, polip hidung, Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional, Septorinoplasti.
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Wei, Chih-Yen, and Sheen-Yie Fang. "Tissue-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Human Nasal Polyps." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 5 (2005): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511400509.
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Allergy is generally believed to be an underlying cause of nasal polyps. The objective of this study was to define allergic nasal polyps. We investigated specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) in polyp tissue. Thirty pieces of polyp tissue were taken from patients with positive allergic symptoms, and 30 from patients without allergic symptoms. Nasal polyp tissue homogenate and serum from these patients were prepared for detecting sIgE by a CAP method. For patients with allergic symptoms and/or positive serum CAP test results, the rates of positive tissue CAP tests were low: 36.7% and 35.7%, respectively. However, nearly all of the tissue CAP-positive subjects had allergic symptoms and positive serum CAP tests. We conclude that the local tissue sIgE profile reflects more specifically the allergic status of patients with nasal polyps than does the systemic serum test or the presentation of allergic symptoms. Thus, polyp tissue CAP tests might be performed in patients with positive allergic symptoms and positive serum CAP tests to define an allergy-induced polyp precisely. Then, specific antiallergic treatment could be administered to prevent polyp recurrence.
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Allen, Jerilyn S., Roselle Eisma, Gerald Leonard, Denis Lafreniere, and Donald Kreutzer. "Characterization of the Eosinophil Chemokine Rantes in Nasal Polyps." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 107, no. 5 (1998): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949810700510.
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Previous studies have demonstrated that the cytokine RANTES (Regulated And Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) has been shown to be a potent mediator of eosinophil Chemotaxis in vitro and of leukocyte recruitment. Because eosinophils are the hallmark cells in nasal polyposis, we hypothesize that RANTES is locally produced within the nasal polyp microenvironment and is responsible for the eosinophil recruitment seen in nasal polyposis. To begin to test this hypothesis, we evaluated nasal polyps from 17 patients and 3 control specimens for distribution and content of RANTES using immunohistochemical techniques and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technology. Our immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that in nasal polyposis, RANTES antigen staining occurred predominantly within eosinophils and epithelial cells. To quantify the relative levels of RANTES in normal and nasal polyp specimens, tissue homogenates were prepared, quantified, and normalized to protein levels. We detected RANTES in all 17 nasal polyp tissue homogenates (566 ± 16 pg/mg total protein). The RANTES levels in nasal polyp homogenates were nearly 40-fold higher man the RANTES levels in normal tissue (15.7 ± 28.2 pg/mg total protein). Thus, it appears that increased expression of RANTES by eosinophils and epithelial cells within the nasal polyp microenvironment promotes eosinophil recruitment and activation within nasal polyps. We hypothesize that RANTES induces increased recruitment and activation of eosinophils, presumably contributing to the increased tissue changes associated with nasal polyposis.
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Viksne, Rudolfs Janis, Gunta Sumeraga, and Mara Pilmane. "Antimicrobial and Defense Proteins in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps." Medicina 59, no. 7 (2023): 1259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59071259.
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Background and Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) presently remains a difficult disease to manage. Antimicrobial and defense proteins are important factors that could help characterize the role of microorganisms in CRSwNP pathogenesis, as the concept of microbial dysbiosis in CRS is still being considered. Our aim is to investigate the complex appearance, relative distribution and interlinks of human β defensin 2 (HBD-2), human β defensin 3 (HBD-3), human β defensin 4 (HBD-4), and cathelicidin LL 37 (LL 37) in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP)-affected human nasal mucosa. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 48 samples from patients with CRSwNP. Samples were collected during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The control group consisted of 17 normal healthy nasal mucosa samples gathered during routine septoplasty. β-defensin-2, β-defensin-3, β-defensin-4 and cathelicidin LL 37 in tissue were detected via immunohistochemical analysis. Results: HBD-2, HBD-3 and LL 37 were significantly decreased in epithelial cells in both primary and recurrent nasal polyp samples (p < 0.001) in comparison to control samples. HBD-2 was decreased in the subepithelial connective tissue of primary nasal polyp samples when compared to both recurrent polyp (p = 0.050) and control (p = 0.033) samples. In subepithelial connective tissue, significantly more HBD-3-positive structures were observed in primary nasal polyp samples (p = 0.049) than in control samples. In primary polyp samples, moderate correlations between connective tissue HBD-3 and connective (R = 0.584, p = 0.001) and epithelial tissue LL 37 (R = 0.556, p = 0.002) were observed. Conclusions: Decreased HBD-2, HBD-3 and LL 37 concentrations in the epithelium suggest a dysfunction of the epithelial barrier in patients with nasal polyps. Decreased subepithelial connective tissue HBD-2 suggests different responses to nasal microbiota in patients with primary nasal polyps compared to recurrent nasal polyps. Increased HBD-3 in subepithelial connective tissue suggests a possible role of this antimicrobial peptide in the pathogenesis of primary nasal polyps.
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Grover, Mohnish, and Kshitij Charaya. "Bilateral Nasal Polyp with Unilateral Pathology." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 4, no. 1 (2011): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1073.
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ABSTRACT The antrochoanal polyp or Killian's polyp is a benign, solitary lesion that affects mainly children and young adults. It is unilateral in occurrence though a few cases of bilateral antrochoanal polyps have also been reported. We report a unilateral antrochoanal polyp extending to the opposite side, a presentation not mentioned in literature till date.
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Dr., Shyam Kumar Sah, Deeraj BC Dr., and Ashwini MJ Dr. "Nasal Polyp Nasa Arsha Management Through Ayurveda A Single Case Study." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 4 (2019): 501–4. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd23812.
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Nasal polyp is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting about 1-4 of the general population.1 Nasal polyps are fleshy benign growth that develop in the mucosal lining of the nasal passage and paranasal sinuses. Polyps vary in size and having shining pink colour and shaped like tear drops.2,3 The exact etiology remains unclear but it is known to have associations with allergy, asthma, infection, cystic fibrosis and aspirin sensitivity. The common features of the disease are nasal obstruction, anosmia, rhinorrhoea, post nasal drip and less commonly facial pain.4 In Ayurveda it is closely related to nasa arsha. Nasa arsha is a Kapha vata vyadhi located in Urdwanga which is a kapha sthaan.5 In this study, a single case 55 years old male patient presented with frequent episodes of nasal obstruction, anosmia mouth breathing and sometimes headache since six months was taken for study. An approach was made to treat the patient by sodhana, shamana and sthanika chikitsa with a positive clinical response. Local therapy was the application of Gunja lepa over polyps. This study aimed at introducing a new treatment modality with new formulation. Dr. Shyam Kumar Sah | Dr. Deeraj BC | Dr. Ashwini MJ "Nasal Polyp (Nasa Arsha) Management Through Ayurveda: A Single Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23812.pdf
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Yolazenia, Yolazenia, Inayah Inayah, Febri Romaito Romaito, Retni Tri Handayani, and Novisa Dwi Utami. "EOSINOPHILS PROFILE AND LUND-MACKAY SCORE OF NASAL POLYPS IN ARIFIN ACHMAD HOSPITAL, RIAU PROVINCE." Berkala Kedokteran 18, no. 1 (2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v18i1.12820.
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Abstract: Theories suggest that nasal polyps occur as a result of chronic inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa. Eosinophils are the main inflammatory cells found in nasal polyp tissue. The severity of nasal polyps can be seen from the CT Scan of the Paranasal Sinus (PNS) using the Lund-Mackay score. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the eosinophil count of nasal polyp tissue and the Lund-Mackay score of CT Scan PNS of nasal polyps patients in Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province. Examination of the eosinophil count was carried out microscopically using histopathological preparations of nasal polyp tissue with semiquantitative assessment, and Lund-Mackay score was assessed from the CT Scan of the PNS. From the 14 samples collected, there were 8 men (57.1%) more than 6 women (42.9%) with an average age of 30.43 ± 17.36 years old. Eosinophil counts were obtained in 5 (35,7%) samples 1/2+, 5 (35.7%) samples 1+, and negative in 4 samples (28,6%). While the Lund-Mackay score obtained an average value of 10.21 ± 6.87 with a low category in 11 (78.6%) and high in 3 (21.4%) samples. Patients with high Lund-Mackay scores tend to have higher eosinophil counts which reflect a more severe degree of disease severity in nasal polyps.Keywords: Eosinophil; Lund-Mackay Score; Nasal polyp; Paranasal sinus
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Karthikeyan, Padmanabhan, Sneha Mary Joy, Davis Thomas Pulimootil, and Neelima Vijayan. "Bleeding angiomatous polyps of the maxillary sinus: Review of literature and a rare case report." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 9, no. 35 (2019): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjr-2019-0017.
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Abstract ENT surgeons frequently encounter a variety of neoplastic, non-neoplastic and inflammatory masses involving the nasal cavity, the paranasal sinuses or the nasopharynx. Among these, the angiomatous polyp or angiectatic nasal polyps are rare and account for 4-5% of all inflammatory nasal polyps. They have variable growth patterns and clinical features. In angiomatous nasal polyps, there is a prominent component of dilated capillary-type blood vessels. We present a review of the literature regarding the most important features of this pathology and an unusual case of a large angiomatous polyp arising from the maxillary sinus.
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Lo, S., S. Di Palma, E. George, and A. W. McCombe. "Immunolocalisation of heme oxygenase isoforms in human nasal polyps." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 123, no. 1 (2008): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215107001284.
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AbstractBackground:Carbon monoxide is an endogenous vasodilator gas produced by the enzyme heme oxygenase (HO). HO is expressed in human nasal mucosa, but its pathophysiological role in nasal inflammatory diseases is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to detect and compare the expression of HO-1 and -2 isoforms in nasal polyps with normal nasal mucosa.Methods:Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies specific for HO-1 and -2 was conducted on nasal polyps from nine patients with allergic nasal polyposis, and on normal nasal mucosa from six controls.Results:Intense HO-1 immunoreactivity was observed in nasal polyp epithelium but was absent in normal nasal mucosa. HO-2 staining was observed in respiratory epithelium, vascular endothelium and seromucous glands, with no difference observed between nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa.Conclusions:HO-1 expression is up-regulated in nasal polyp epithelium, supporting the theory that respiratory epithelium plays a role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis.
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Assiri, Kholood S., Abdullah Al-shahrani, Abdullah H. Alwadai, and Mohammad S. Al Ahmari. "Relationship between postoperative recurrence rate and eosinophil density of nasal polyp: a record based retrospective study." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 3 (2020): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20200618.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal polyposis is one of the chronic sever airway diseases. It is known as a non-neoplastic inflammatory process of nasal mucosa that eventually leads to the outgrowth of abnormal masses inside the mucosa of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Eosinophils and nasal polyps are believed to affect the surgical outcome of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This study was conducted to determine relationship between postoperative recurrent nasal polyp rate and types of histopathology of nasal polyp.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study of 121 patients at Khamis Mushayt General Hospital (Aseer region, Saudi Arabia) from 2012 to 2017. All diagnosed and treated for nasal polyposis with different histopathological types. we collect all the recurrent cases with the same histopathological result. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study included 121 patients with polyps whose ages ranged from 18 to 77 years old. 58% were males and 42% were females. it was noticed that 33.9% of edematous types of polyps with Eosinophilic infiltration were recurrent compared to 25% of other types among patients below the age of 30 years with no statistical significance. At patients above 30 years, the recurrence rate among eosinophilic type was significantly higher than other types (54.5% compared to 13.3%, respectively).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Presence of mucosal eosinophilia is a more important factor than nasal polyps for classifying CRS in terms of the surgical outcome. Patients with mucosal eosinophilia had higher polyp recurrence rate than patients without mucosal eosinophilia, whereas patients with nasal polyps did not have higher polyp recurrence rate than patients without nasal polyps.</p>
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Ekinci, Adnan, Huseyin Kayadibi, Emre Demir, and Muge Ozcan. "The effects of oral steroid therapy on prolidase enzyme activity in patients with nasal polyps." Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 46, no. 4 (2021): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2019-0204.
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Abstract Objective To compare prolidase enzyme activity (PEA) in serum and polyp specimens of patients with nasal polyps obtained before and after the oral steroid therapy. Materials and methods Thirty three patients with nasal polyps (39 ± 13 years) received 1 mg/kg of oral steroids. Serum samples were collected from each patient, but nasal polyp specimens could be obtained only from 23 patients (38 ± 13 years) before and after the oral steroid therapy. PEA was measured by ELISA method. Results Serum PEA values were 210 (176–242) U/L and 184 (147–217) U/L before and after the oral steroid therapy, respectively (p = 0.015). Polyp tissue PEA was 1337 (738–2130) U/g and 871 (590–1663) U/g before and after the oral steroid therapy, respectively (p = 0.429). Conclusion In patients with nasal polyps, significantly lower serum PEA after the oral steroid therapy may be a consequence of the role of prolidase enzyme in inflammatory processes which are important for the development of nasal polyps. More comprehensive studies with larger sample sizes are needed to elucidate the role of PEA in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.
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Sharma, A., RK Saxena, and L. R. Verma. "Nasal Polyposis: An Experience in Mid and Far Western Region of Nepal." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 14, no. 2 (2018): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v14i2.21530.
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Background: Nasal polyposis is an unpleasant disease in the developing countries which severely interferes with quality of life but still there is a lack of data on nasal polyposis in Mid and Far Western Region of Nepal.Aim of study: The aim of this hospital based study was to find out the distribution, patterns, presentations and management of nasal polyposis in Mid and Far Western Region of Nepal with a view to improve our understanding of its clinical and epidemiological characteristics.Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted from January 2015 to June 2016 in 80 patients diagnosed clinically as nasal polyposis, in the department of otorhinoloryngology, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur. Results: The most common age group affected in the study was comparatively younger ranging from 10-20 yrs. Ethmoidal Polyp were more frequent than antrochoanal polyp (56.25% vs 43.75%). Antrochoanal polyp were more common among the younger age groups 10-20 yrs (30%) where as the ethmoidal polyp were more common among higher age group. All antrochonal polyps (100%) were unilateral while majority of the ethmoidal polyps (89%) were bilateral. The main presenting clinical features were nasal obstruction (100%), nasal discharge (93.75%), sneezing (72.5%) and headache (40%).Conclusion: Nasal polyposis is common in Mid and Far western region of Nepal. Ethmoidal polyps are more common than antrochoanal polyps and are usually bilateral. Antrochoanal polyps are unilateral and mostly present in 10-20 yrs age group patients. Patients usually present late when the polyps are large. NGMC, Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 15-17
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Fang, Sheen-Yie, and Bei-Chang Yang. "Overexpression of Fas-Ligand in Human Nasal Polyps." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 109, no. 3 (2000): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940010900306.
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Apoptosis mediated through the Fas/Fas-L system is essential in regulating immune function, developing organs, and conferring immune privilege. To illustrate the role of the Fas/Fas-L system in the pathogenesis of human nasal polyps, we investigated the transcripts and protein level of the Fas-L gene in 8 human nasal polyp tissues and 7 nasal turbinate mucosa specimens using reverse transcription—polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Localization of Fas-L was performed with immunohistochemistry. The transcripts of the Fas-L gene were detected at similar levels in both polyps and nasal mucosa. There was a significant overexpression of Fas-L protein on nasal polyps compared to nasal mucosa. Fas-L—positive cells were localized on the epithelial layers of cystically dilated glands and the down-growing epithelium of nasal polyps. Fas-L may play an important role in the pathogenesis of human nasal polyps, including cystic degeneration of submucosal glands and conferring of immune privilege to nasal polyp formation.
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Huriyati, Effy, Eryati Darwin, Yanwirasti Yanwirasti, and Irza Wahid. "Differences in Expression of Inflammatory Mediator in Mucosal and Polyp Tissue between Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Recurrent Chronic Rhinosinusitis." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 11 (2019): 1733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.341.
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BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains a challenging clinical entity with its propensity for recurrence. This disease decreases the patients’ quality of life and creates a high economic burden. An effort to investigate the aetiology of recurrent polyps have to be more alert.
 AIM: This study aims to prove the differences in expression of IL-5, IL-8, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in mucosal and polyp tissue between CRSwNP and recurrent CRSwNP and also to determine which expression of cytokines that have the main role in mucosal and polyp tissue in recurrent CRSwNP.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted with a comparative cross-sectional design of CRS patients with 15 recurrent CRSwNP and CRSwNP who had never undergone surgery for as many as 15 polyps. Mucosal specimens of nasal polyps are taken by brushing, and polyp tissue specimens are taken during surgical removal of nasal polyps. Specimens from the polyp mucosa were examined by ELISA while the polyp tissue specimens were carried out immunohistochemistry (IHC).
 RESULTS: The result showed that there is a significant difference in IL-5 expression in the polyp mucosal between CRSwNP with recurrent CRSwNP, where expression is higher in recurrent CRSwNP. The expression of IL-8, IL-17 and TGF-β1 were lower in recurrent CRSwNP, but the difference was not significant. In nasal polyp tissue, there is a significant difference in TGF-β1 and IL-8 expression between CRSwNP and recurrent CRSwNP, where the expression of both cytokines is lower in recurrent CRSwNP. Interleukin-5 expression was higher in recurrent CRSwNP than CRSwNP, but the difference was not significant. In the polyps mucosal, IL-5 has the main role in recurrent CRSwNP polyp, whereas TGF-β has the main role in polyp tissue.
 CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the expression of IL-5 in the mucosa could be examined with simple techniques like brushing before polypectomy or FESS was performed to determine the possibility of polyps recurrencies.
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Kim, Byung Hun, Seongman Hong, Younil Jang, Jae Kyung Myung, and Seok Hyun Cho. "A Case of Sinochoanal Polyp Originating From the Ethmoid Sinus." Journal of Rhinology 30, no. 2 (2023): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18787/jr.2023.00020.
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A nasal polyp is a distinct mucosal pathology that obstructs the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, with various phenotypes and endotypes. Nasal polyps should be distinguished from inverted papillomas, squamous cell carcinomas, juvenile angiofibromas, lymphomas, and olfactory neuroblastomas. A choanal polyp is a solitary benign lesion that originates in the paranasal sinus and extends to the choana through the natural ostium of the sinus. Choanal polyps usually originate from the maxillary sinus; however, we recently experienced the case of 41-year old women with sinochoanal polyp originated from the ethmoid sinus. As choanal polyps can recur even after appropriate surgery, complete resection, including the surrounding mucosa at the site of origin, is required. Therefore, it is essential to consider anatomical differences in polypectomy. We recently diagnosed and successfully performed surgery on an ethmochoanal polyp; herein, we report our experience and present a literature review.
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Sofyan, Ferryan, Delfitri Munir, Imam Budi Putra та ін. "Effect of Thymoquinone and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on the Cell Viability of Nasal Polyp-Derived Fibroblast". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, B (2022): 1392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9516.
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BACKGROUND: Nasal polyps are benign masses in the nasal cavity and the abnormal growth of sinonasal tissue due to a chronic inflammatory process. Many fibroblasts populate the nasal polyp stroma release cytokines such as Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) and producing a variety of cytokines resulting in inflammatory cell infiltration. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main active component in Nigella sativa oil and has the ability to reduces cell viability in many cancer cell line. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of TQ and TGF-β1 on cell viability of Nasal Polyp-Derived Fibroblast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts were isolated from nasal polyp specimen and treated with various concentrations of TQ at 1–1000 μM and TGF-β1 at 5 ng/ml to determine the cell viability using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay after 48 h incubation. RESULTS: TQ significantly reduced the viability of nasal polyp fibroblast cells to 72.49% at 20 μM and reduced to 5% at 50 μM until 1000 μM with IC50 at 21.93 μM. TGF-β1 at 5 ng/ml significantly reduced the viability of nasal polyp fibroblast cells to 81.96% and TGF-β1 appears to have a dual effect that depends on the concentration of TQ. CONCLUSION: This study proved that TQ and TGF-β1 were able to reduce the viability of nasal polyp fibroblast cells.
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Lee, Chul Hee, Chae-Seo Rhee, and Yang-Gi Min. "Cytokine Gene Expression in Nasal Polyps." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 107, no. 8 (1998): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949810700807.
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Nasal polyps are the most common mass lesion of the nasal cavity. Various pathogenetic mechanisms have been proposed. However, the cause is still largely unknown, and treatment methods have not been changed for several hundred years. In order to investigate the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps, expression of cytokine messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in nasal polyps was investigated. We performed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot to examine gene expression of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß, IL-4, IL-5, and interferon (IFN)-Γ and compared the results with the gene expressions of these cytokines in normal nasal mucosa. Nasal polyp tissues were obtained from 14 patients undergoing polypectomy for nasal obstruction. Among them, 4 patients suffered from associated perennial allergic rhinitis. The mRNAs of IL-4 and IL-5 (Th2 cytokines) as well as IFN-γ (Thl cytokine) were expressed in all of the nasal polyps obtained from the 14 patients, irrespective of the presence or absence of allergy, while 2, 0, and 4 of 6 normal turbinate mucosae expressed IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ mRNAs, respectively. The mRNAs of IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and TGF-ß were expressed in 6, 1, 2, and 3 of 6 normal turbinate mucosae, respectively, while the mRNAs of these cytokines were expressed in all of the 14 polyp tissues except IL-6 mRNA, which was expressed in 13 nasal polyp tissues. There were no differences in the mean density ratios of each cytokine band on Southern blot between polyp tissues with allergy and those without allergy. These results suggest that many cytokines are produced in nasal polyps, that they may play important roles in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps, and that allergy per se may not play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.
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Nagata, Yoshiyuki, Shuichiro Maruoka, Yasuhiro Gon, et al. "Expression of IL-25, IL-33, and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in Nasal Polyp Gland Duct Epithelium in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 33, no. 4 (2019): 378–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892419835333.
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Background Nasal polyps accompany eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS). Cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expressed in nasal mucosa have been implicated in polyp pathogenesis. We investigated the role of nasal polyp epithelium cytokine expression in eosinophilic infiltration in ECRS. Methods Tissues were collected from 39 patients undergoing nasal surgery. Cases were divided into 3 groups: control (CTR), non-ECRS (nECRS), and ECRS and were evaluated for IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP expression. Results Abundant eosinophilia was observed underneath the nasal mucosa and around the nasal ducts in polyps in ECRS and correlated positively with IL-33 protein expression. Conclusion Cytokine expression in nasal duct cells and eosinophilic infiltration around duct cells similar to those in the nasal mucosa occurred in the nasal epithelium of polyps, suggesting its role in inducing eosinophilic inflammation.
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Špadijer-Mirković, Cveta, Aleksandar Perić, Biserka Vukomanović-Đurđević, and Ivan Stanojević. "CLINICAL CASE REPORT OF A LARGE ANTROCHOANAL POLYP." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 57, no. 2 (2014): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2014.44.
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Antrochoanal polyps are benign lesions originating from the mucosa of the maxillary sinus. Nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea are their main symptoms. Their endoscopical and radiological appearance makes them relatively easy to diagnose. These polyps are usually presented unilaterally, although bilateral presentation is also possible. We described two cases of atypically giant antrochoanal polyps: in a 15-year-old child and in a 38-year-old man. In both cases, the diagnosis was done by nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses and supported by histopathological analysis. In the first patient, the excised polyp had the histological characteristic of an angiomatous antrochoanal polyp. Because of their unusual dimension, the combined transoral and endonasal endoscopic approach was performed for complete polyp excision. We discussed the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of choanal polyps in comparison to inflammatory nasal polyps, and the applicable surgical techniques for treatment of these polyps.
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Jagade, Mohan, Aseem Mishra, Saurabh Agarwal, VG Kasbekar, Vandana Thorawade, and Shreyas Joshi. "Sphenochoanal Polyp." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 6, no. 1 (2013): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1150.
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ABSTRACT Nasal polyps are mostly referred to antrochoanal polyps and a sphenoid polyp is as such a rare entity. Computerized tomography and nasal endoscopy have contributed to an increase of accuracy in the diagnosis of these masses. Simple polypectomy that leaves some part of the polyp inside the sphenoid sinus carries a high risk of recurrence. Destructive external approaches to gain access to the sphenoid sinus are also not advisable in children for a benign disease. We present here a case of sphenochoanal polyp arising from right side sphenoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus disease is very rare and can be well-managed with endoscopic sinus surgery. How to cite this article Agarwal S, Mishra A, Jagade M, Kasbekar VG, Thorawade V, Joshi S. Sphenochoanal Polyp. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1):54-55.
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Dhingra, Preeti, Naresh Palapalle, Dilroop K. Poyyil, and Rakesh Katna. "Sinonasal angiomatous polyp: a case report." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 8, no. 12 (2022): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20223052.
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<p>Sinonasal angiomatous polyp (SAP) is a rare variant of sino-nasal polyp. Sinonasal inflammatory polyps are classified histo-pathologically into 5 types: edematous, glandular, fibrous, cystic and angiomatous. They present with various different patterns and clinical features like epistaxis, nasal discharge, nasal blockage and characterised histo-pathologically by presence of prominent dilated capillary-type blood vessels. It constitutes about 4-5% of all nasal polyps. They usually present as a unilateral, painless, soft, gelatinous, translucent and polypoidal mass in nasal cavity. These polyps can grow rapidly and aggressively causing erosion of bone and severe bleeding like a cancerous lesion, making difficult to differentiate it from malignant lesion. Various differential diagnosis of SAP include inflammatory polyp, haemangioma, mucocele, fungus ball, inverted papilloma, juvenile naso-pharyngeal angiofibroma, and malignant tumors like squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and melanoma MRI is considered better than CT scan for diagnosis. Treatment of choice is endoscopic surgical excision with restoration of sinus drainage.</p><p>.</p>
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Taylan, Gun. "Giant antrochoanal polyp presenting as oropharyngeal mass." Archives of Otolaryngology and Rhinology 3, no. 3 (2017): 103–5. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-1759.000058.
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Antrochoanal polyps are benign mucosal lesions emerging from the maxillary sinus. The primary symptoms are nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. Endoscopic and radiological appearance of the disease is typical. These polyps are usually presented unilaterally, although bilateral presentation is also possible. In this paper, we report a case of atypically giant antrochoanal polyp in a 13-year-old child. The patient’s primary complaint was a sensation of lump in her throat. The examination revealed a mass behind soft palate. The excised polyp had the histological characteristic of an angiomatous antrochoanal polyp. Because of the unusual dimension, the combined transoral and endonasal endoscopic approach was performed for complete polyp excision. We discussed the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of choanal polyps in comparison to inflammatory nasal polyps, and the applicable surgical techniques for treatment of these polyps.
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Nakayama, T., M. Yoshikawa, D. Asaka, et al. "Mucosal eosinophilia and recurrence of nasal polyps - new classification of chronic rhinosinusitis." Rhinology journal 49, no. 4 (2011): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino10.261.
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Background: Eosinophils and nasal polyps are believed to affect the surgical outcome of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). CRS is classified based on the presence of nasal polyps in western countries. The majority of patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRS with NP) are characterized by predominantly eosinophilic inflammation. However, Asian patients with CRS with NP show characteristics indicative of neutrophilic inflammation. Therefore, are eosinophils or nasal polyps more important for the classification of CRS? Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted from April 2007 to March 2008 classified patients with CRS based on the presence of nasal polyps and mucosal eosinophilia. The recurrence rate of nasal polyps was compared between the groups. Recurrence rate was analysed as a time-dependent variable by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Eosinophilic inflammation was found in 59.6% of patients with CRS with NP. Patients with mucosal eosinophilia had higher polyp recurrence rate than patients without mucosal eosinophilia, whereas patients with nasal polyps did not have higher polyp recurrence rate than patients without nasal polyps. Conclusions: Presence of mucosal eosinophilia is a more important factor than nasal polyps for classifying CRS in terms of the surgical outcome.
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Priyadharshini, V. S., Marcos Alejandro Jiménez-Chobillon, Jos de Graaf, et al. "Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Doublesex and Mab-3 Related Transcription Factor (DMRT3) in Nasal Polyp Epithelial Cells of Patients Suffering from Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD)." Biomolecules 11, no. 8 (2021): 1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11081092.
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Background: Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a syndrome characterised by chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, asthma and aspirin intolerance. An imbalance of eicosanoid metabolism with anover-production of cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) has been associated with AERD. However, the precise mechanisms underlying AERD are unknown. Objective: To establish the transcriptome of the nasal polyp airway epithelial cells derived from AERD patients to discover gene expression patterns in this disease. Methods: Nasal airway epithelial cells were isolated from 12 AERD polyps and 8 AERD non-polyp nasal mucosa samples as controls from the same subjects. Utilising the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, RNA samples were sequenced. Potential gene candidate DMRT3 was selected from the differentially-expressed genes for validation. Results: Comparative transcriptome profiling of nasal epithelial cells was accomplished in AERD. A total of 20 genes had twofold mean regulation expression differences or greater. In addition, 8 genes were upregulated, including doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 3 (DMRT3), and 12 genes were downregulated. Differentially regulated genes comprised roles in inflammation, defence and immunity. Metabolic process and embryonic development pathways were significantly enriched. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) results of DMRT3 in AERD patients were significantly upregulated compared to controls (p = 0.03). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of AERD nasal polyps localised DMRT3 and was predominantly released in the airway epithelia. Conclusion: Findings suggest that DMRT3 could be potentially involved in nasal polyp development in AERD patients. Furthermore, several genes are downregulated, hinting at the dedifferentiation phenomenon in AERD polyps. However, further studies are imperative to confirm the exact mechanism of polyp formation in AERD patients.
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Radhika, S., Selva Guru Lakshmi, M. Saranya, and Rajalakshmi Preethi G. "Atypical stromal cells, a pseudosarcomatous change in sinonasal polyp causing diagnostic dilemma - A case report and review of literature." IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology 9, no. 4 (2024): 230–33. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2024.047.
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Nasal polyposis is a commonly encountered non-neoplastic inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses presenting with various clinical manifestations like nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, headache, anosmia/hyposmia, etc. The two most common etiologies of nasal polyps includes allergy and infections. The incidence of nasal polyposis in the general population is 0.5 to 4%. The histological diagnosis of benign inflammatory polyps of the nasal cavity usually doesnot pose any diagnostic difficulties. However, certain unusual histological features can be observed rarely which might be a huge challenge to the pathologists as they can mimic sarcoma. We hereby present one of the unusual feature - atypical stromal cells in a nasal polyp which we came across during histopathological examination of an antrochoanal polyp from a 34 year old female who presented with bilateral nasal obstruction. Pathologists and clinicians must be well aware of this entity, though they are rare. A better understanding of this entity - atypical stromal cells in a benign inflammatory polyp can help in preventing an erroneous diagnosis of sarcoma, thereby preventing unnecessary treatment and anxiety to the patient.
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Ishibashi, Toshio, Tadashi Tanaka, Shin-Ichi Ishimoto, Ken-Ichi Nibu, and Kimitaka Kaga. "Keratinocyte Growth Factor and its Receptor Messenger RNA Expression in Nasal Mucosa and Nasal Polyps." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 107, no. 10 (1998): 885–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949810701013.
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To examine the potential biologic role of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in nasal polyps and nasal mucosa during chronic inflammatory conditions, we investigated messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of three members of the FGF family — Acidic FGF, basic FGF, and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) — in nasal polyp tissues, as well as in hyperplastic nasal mucosa. Using the sensitive method reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we demonstrated that of the examined FGFs, KGF had the most abundant mRNA expression in nasal polyps and nasal mucosa. We also found that significantly higher levels of KGF mRNA were expressed in nasal polyps than in nasal mucosa, whereas mRNA expression of acidic FGF and basic FGF was relatively low in these tissues. In addition, we showed that KGF receptor mRNA was present in most of the nasal mucosa; however, none or little was expressed in nasal polyps. These results suggest that KGF might play an important role in nasal epithelial proliferation and that excessive synthesis of KGF in nasal polyp stroma may contribute to hypertrophy of the nasal mucosa in patients with chronic sinusitis associated with nasal polyposis.
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Tan, Bruce, Quan Li, Lydia Suh, et al. "Local autoantibodies in Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) with Nasal Polyps. (48.8)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 48.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.48.8.
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Abstract Abstract Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory condition of the nasal passage and paranasal sinuses. It is characterized by a Th2 biased inflammatory infiltrate not currently attributed to autoimmunity. Recent studies from our laboratory demonstrate elevated levels of BAFF, B-lymphocytes, and IgA. The role of these B-cells and the specificities of the immunoglobulins produced are still unknown. Methods: Protein extracts from nasal polyps of 11 patients were compared to nasal tissue obtained from 10 normal controls using autoantibody microarrays. A positive microarray result for anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) was confirmed using 15 nasal polyp samples and 10 normal control samples on commercially available ELISAs for Total IgG, and anti-dsDNA IgG. Results: Total IgG levels were higher in nasal polyps relative to normal controls (35μg/mg Total Protein versus 17μg/mg Total Protein, p=0.02). Additionally, Anti-dsDNA IgG levels were higher in nasal polyps relative to normal controls on both the antibody microarray (188nfi/mg Total Protein versus 61nfi/mg Total Protein p&lt;0.01) and ELISA (371U/mg Total Protein versus 66U/mg Total Protein p=0.03). Conclusions: Anti-dsDNA is present at higher levels in nasal polyp tissue than normal controls- suggesting that a local autoimmune reaction is present in nasal polyp tissue. Further studies are needed to test the role of this autoimmune response in the pathogenesis of CRS.
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Yayla, Muhammed, Zekai Halici, Duygu Kose, Arzu Tatar, and Mustafa SitkiGozeler. "5-HT7 receptorsare over-expressed in patients with nasal polyps." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 96, no. 12 (2017): E14—E18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561320919603.
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Nasal polyposis (NP) is an inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. The primary purpose of our study is to determine the expression of 5-HT7 receptors both in nasal polyps and in healthy tissue in the nasal cavity. The subsequent aim is to compare the expression of 5-HT7 receptors in patients with NP and in inferior turbinate tissue (control).The study included 60 participants (40 with NP and 20 controls) aged 35 to 62 years. Nasal polyp samples were collected from all patients and relative 5-HT7 receptor expression analyses were performed. RT-PCR analysis of nasal polyps and control tissue identified 5-HT7 receptor expression in the nasal cavities of controls. This expression was approximately 67 times higher in nasal polyp tissue than in healthy tissue. Our study identifies the expression of 5-HT7 receptors in the nasal cavity for the first time. It is also the first demonstration of increased 5-HT7 receptor expression in tissue from nasal polyps, which occur in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity.
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Ranjana, S. R., B. S. Sreelekshmy, Dharman Dhanya, S. Dharan Shaiju, and Ramesh Nayanthara. "An Unusual Presentation of Nasal Polyp: A Case Report on Ethmoid Polyposis." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 13, no. 5 (2023): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i5.6044.
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Ethmoid polyposis are the nasal polyps which are developed from ethmoidal sinuses located between the nose and eyes. Usually it is allergic in nature and can be multiple, grape like masses. The estimated ethmoid polyposis prevalence in India is 4%. In this case study, a 61 year old female patient was admitted with complaints of severe nasal block since approximately 6 months.
 Keywords: Ethmoid polyposis, Nasal polyp, Antro-choanal polyp, Choana, Polypectomy
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Rizzi, Angela, Luca Gammeri, Raffaele Cordiano, et al. "Therapeutic Strategies to Prevent the Recurrence of Nasal Polyps after Surgical Treatment: An Update and In Vitro Study on Growth Inhibition of Fibroblasts." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 8 (2023): 2841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082841.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is the most bothersome phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis, which is typically characterized by a Type 2 inflammatory reaction, comorbidities and high rates of nasal polyp recurrence, causing severe impact on quality of life. Nasal polyp recurrence rates, defined as the number of patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery, are 20% within a 5 year period after surgery. The cornerstone of CRSwNP management consists of anti-inflammatory treatment with local corticosteroids. We performed a literature review regarding the therapeutic strategies used to prevent nasal polyp recurrence after surgical treatment. Finally, we report an in vitro study evaluating the efficacy of lysine–acetylsalicylic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen and diclofenac) on the proliferation of fibroblasts, obtained from nasal polyp tissue samples. Our study demonstrates that diclofenac, even more so than lysine–acetylsalicylic acid, significantly inhibits fibroblast proliferation and could be considered a valid therapeutic strategy in preventing CRSwNP recurrence.
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Chiarella, Emanuela, Nicola Lombardo, Nadia Lobello, et al. "Deficit in Adipose Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Chronic Rhinosinusitis Nasal Polyps Compared to Nasal Mucosal Tissue." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 23 (2020): 9214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239214.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis of the nasal mucosa is an inflammatory disease of paranasal sinuses, which causes rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and hyposmia, and in some cases, it can result in the development of nasal polyposis. Nasal polyps are benign lobular-shaped growths that project in the nasal cavities; they originate from inflammation in the paranasal mucous membrane and are associated with a high expression of interleukins (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE. Polyps derive from the epithelial–mesenchymal transition of the nasal epithelium resulting in a nasal tissue remodeling. Nasal polyps from three patients with chronic rhinosinusitis as well as control non-polyp nasal mucosa were used to isolate and cultivate mesenchymal stem cells characterized as CD73+, CD90+, CD105+/CD14−, CD34−, and CD45−. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultures were induced to differentiate toward adipocytes, where lipid droplets and adipocyte genes PPARγ2, ADIPO-Q, and FABP4 were observed in control non-polyp nasal mucosa-derived mesenchymal cells but were scarcely present in the cultures derived from the nasal polyps, where apoptosis was evident. The modulation of the response to adipogenic stimulus in polyps represents a change in the molecular response that controls the cascade required for differentiation as well as possible means to specifically target these cells, sparing the normal mucosa of the nasal sinuses.
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Sivokhin, D. A., V. M. Svistushkin, E. S. Shchennikova, et al. "Clinical and morphological correlations in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and comorbid bronchial asthma during biologic therapy." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 7 (May 24, 2025): 191–98. https://doi.org/10.21518/ms2025-110.
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Introduction. Biologic therapy used for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) effectively reduces symptom severity; however, its efficacy may depend on the histological type of polyps. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of nasal polyp type on the effectiveness of dupilumab in patients with CRSwNP and comorbid asthma.Materials and methods. This cohort observational study included patients in whom previous surgical and pharmacological treatments had proven insufficient. Participants were categorized into three groups based on polyp histology (edematous, eosinophilic, fibrotic) and received dupilumab (300 mg subcutaneously every two weeks) for 52 weeks. Treatment efficacy was assessed at predefined time points using the Nasal Polyp Score (NPS) and the Lund-Mackay scale.Results. Patients with edematous polyps exhibited the most pronounced improvement on the Lund-Mackay scale, with a mean reduction from 20.94 ± 3.36 to 5.44 ± 3.22 by week 52 (p < 0.001). In contrast, eosinophilic and fibrotic polyps showed less pronounced reductions, from 20.87 ± 2.74 to 7.17 ± 4.15 and from 20.86 ± 2.32 to 10.29 ± 3.24, respectively. Similarly, NPS scores decreased from 6.81 ± 0.83 to 2.00 ± 1.15 in edematous polyps, from 6.96 ± 0.93 to 2.65 ± 1.94 in eosinophilic polyps, and from 6.43 ± 0.85 to 2.50 ± 0.94 in fibrotic polyps by week 52.Conclusions. The edematous polyp type is associated with the most pronounced response to biologic therapy, whereas fibrotic polyps demonstrate a less significant reduction in size.
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Imai, Yoshimichi, Hiroto Seino, Souhachi Toriyabe, Masahiro Tachi, and Atsushi Yamada. "Cases of True and False Median Cleft with Polypoid Masses in the Facial Midline." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 44, no. 6 (2007): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/06-120.1.
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We describe cases of true and false median cleft combined with polyps. The polyp in the true median cleft was microscopically a skin polyp consisting of fatty tissue and was considered to be subsequent compensatory partial excess caused by impediment at the embryonic stage. The polyp in the false median cleft was considered to be a failure of the nasal septum derived from the nasal (ectethmoid) capsule. The features of these cases were considered of interest because they exhibited transient forms of the cleft. The histological findings of each polyp reflected the distinctive features of each median cleft.
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Choi, Grace, Eun-Young Lee, Dawoon Chung, et al. "The Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Staurosporine Isolated from Streptomyces sp. SNC087 Strain on Nasal Polyp." Marine Drugs 22, no. 1 (2024): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md22010039.
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This study aims to explore the potential inhibition effects of staurosporine isolated from a Streptomyces sp. SNC087 strain obtained from seawater on nasal polyps. Staurosporine possesses antimicrobial and antihypertensive activities. This research focuses on investigating the effects of staurosporine on suppressing the growth and development of nasal polyps and elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved. The experimental design includes in vitro and ex vivo evaluations to assess the inhibition activity and therapeutic potential of staurosporine against nasal polyps. Nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) were stimulated with TGF-β1 in the presence of staurosporine. The levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type-I (Col-1), fibronectin, and phosphorylated (p)-Smad 2 were investigated using Western blotting. VEGF expression levels were analyzed in nasal polyp organ cultures treated with staurosporine. TGF-β1 stimulated the production of Col-1, fibronectin, and α-SMA and was attenuated by staurosporine pretreatment. Furthermore, these inhibitory effects were mediated by modulation of the signaling pathway of Smad 2 in TGF-β1-induced NPDFs. Staurosporine also inhibits the production of VEGF in ex vivo NP tissues. The findings from this study will contribute to a better understanding of staurosporine’s role in nasal polyp management and provide insights into its mechanisms of action.
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Zander, Kelly A., Milene T. Saavedra, James West, Victor Scapa, Linda Sanders, and Todd T. Kingdom. "Protein Microarray Analysis of Nasal Polyps from Aspirin-Sensitive and Aspirin-Tolerant Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 23, no. 3 (2009): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3314.
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Background The purpose of this study was to apply protein microarray technology to the study of sinonasal tissue and to identify differential protein expression in nasal polyps from aspirin-sensitive (AS) versus aspirin-tolerant (AT) patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs). Methods Nasal polyp specimens were prospectively obtained from two groups of patients with CRSwNP. The test group (AS) consisted of five patients that were diagnosed with CRSwNP and intolerance to aspirin based on medical history and physical exam. The control group (AT) consisted of four AT patients with CRSwNP. Protein was extracted and labeled from harvested polyps and the Sigma Panorama Antibody Microarray–Cell Signaling Kit was used to identify differences in protein expression between the two polyp groups. Western blot analysis was used to validate the results of the protein microarray. Results The protein microarray showed a greater than twofold change in expression of both beta-adaptin and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Western blot analysis confirmed up-regulation of beta-adaptin and HSP70 in nasal polyp tissue from AS patients. Conclusion Pooled samples of AS and AT nasal polyps evaluated by protein microarray show distinct protein expression profiles in the stress response and receptor-mediated endocytosis pathways. This study establishes the successful application of protein microarray technology to study nasal polyposis, which in turn can be validated by Western blot analysis.
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Bernstein, Joel M., Janet Gorfien, and Bernice Noble. "Role of Allergy in Nasal Polyposis: A Review." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 113, no. 6 (1995): 724–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989570012-9.
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We propose a multivariate theory for the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Turbulent flow of air in the lateral wall of the nose or viral-bacterial-host interactions produce an inflammatory change in the mucosa of the lateral wall of the nose. Ulceration and prolapse of the submucosa with reepithelialization and new gland formation may then follow. The structural cells of the nasal polyp, including epithelial cells and fibroblasts, have the ability to produce messenger RNA for granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor and other cytokines. Stimulation of such an effector capability by structural cell-derived cytokines would undoubtedly represent a major amplification pathway of the inflammatory response in nasal polyps. Allergy may be one mechanism for the development of this cascade of events. This microenvironmental structural inflammatory response in the nasal polyp, in turn, can affect the bioelectric integrity of the Na+ and Cl− channels at the luminal surface of the respiratory epithelial cell. The change in the Na+ absorption, which has been demonstrated in our studies, may result in an increased movement of water into the cell and into the interstitial fluid. The resultant edema can lead to growth and enlargement of the nasal polyp. Finally, the rapid recurrence of nasal polyps despite adequate surgery may reflect some intrinsic phenotypic characteristic of nasal epithelial cells in the lateral wall of the nose, which is likely to be under genetic control.
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Li, Peng, Yuan Li, Yong-Qi Li, Qin-Tai Yang, and Ge-Hua Zhang. "Glucocorticoid receptor expression and glucocorticoid therapeutic effect in nasal polyps." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 33, no. 3 (2010): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v33i3.13724.
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Purpose: To investigate the expression and quantity of glucocorticoid receptor-α and -β in polyp tissues taken from the patients treated were subsequently treated with topical glucocorticoid (GC). Methods: Eighty patients with nasal polyps were initially enrolled in the study. All polyp specimens were obtained prior to treatment. Patients then received daily topical GC spray treatment for one month. Polyp specimens were tested for glucocorticoid receptor (GR) GR-α and GR-β mRNA expression using fluorescent quantitative-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (FQ-RT-PCR). Thirty healthy nasal mucosa tissue samples were tested at the same time. Results: Forty patients finished the study and were divided into two groups: GC-sensitive (n=26) and GC-insensitive (n=14), according to treatment results. GR-β mRNA expression in the nasal polyp tissues of the GC-insensitive group (5.72±0.58×102 copies/μg) was higher than that in the GC-sensitive group (4.82±0.28×102 copies/μg, P < 0.05) and in the normal nasal mucosa group (4.44±0.35×102 copies/μg, P < 0.01). There was also a difference in the relative expression of GR-α and GR-β between the GC-sensitive group (GR-α/GR-β= 829.42±67.36) and the GC-insensitive group (535.7±89) (P < 0.01). Conclusion: GR-β mRNA was highly expressed in patients with nasal polyps. Down- regulation of GR-α mRNA suggests the existence of glucocorticoid insensitivity. Expression of GR-β may plays an important role in the evaluation of the glucocorticoid therapeutic effect in patients with nasal polyps.
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Huang, Jingyu, and Yu Xu. "Autoimmunity: A New Focus on Nasal Polyps." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9 (2023): 8444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098444.
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Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has long been considered a benign, chronic inflammatory, and hyperplastic disease. Recent studies have shown that autoimmune-related mechanisms are involved in the pathology of nasal polyps. Activated plasma cells, eosinophils, basophils, innate type 2 lymphocytes, mast cells, and proinflammatory cytokine in polyp tissue indicate the mobilization of innate and adaptive immune pathways during polyp formation. The discovery of a series of autoantibodies further supports the autoimmune nature of nasal polyps. Local homeostasis dysregulation, infection, and chronic inflammation may trigger autoimmunity through several mechanisms, including autoantigens overproduction, microbial translocation, molecular mimicry, superantigens, activation or inhibition of receptors, bystander activation, dysregulation of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), epitope spreading, autoantigens complementarity. In this paper, we elaborated on the microbiome-mediated mechanism, abnormal host immunity, and genetic changes to update the role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
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Shin, Seung-Heon, Mi-Kyung Ye, Dong-Won Lee, and Mi-Hyun Che. "Effect of Acacia Honey on Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-1-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Production in Nasal Polyp Fibroblasts." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 33, no. 5 (2019): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892419843702.
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BackgroundAcacia honey is known to have antioxidant, immune-modulatory, and antiproliferative properties. Nasal fibroblasts participate in local immune responses that control the recruitment of inflammatory cells and the production of extracellular matrix.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of acacia honey on myofibroblast differentiation and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) production in nasal polyp fibroblasts.MethodsPrimary nasal fibroblasts were isolated from nasal polyps and treated with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were then performed to determine α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-1, and MMP-9 mRNA expression and protein production in nasal polyp fibroblasts. Phosphorylated Smad ( pSmad) 2/3 and phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ( pAMPK) were then determined by Western blotting.ResultsTGF-β1 stimulation increased α-SMA and MMP-9 mRNA expression and protein production in nasal polyp fibroblasts. Acacia honey effectively suppressed α-SMA and MMP-9 mRNA expression and protein production. It also prevented phosphorylation of Smad 2/3 and AMPK.ConclusionAcacia honey can inhibit TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation and MMP-9 production in nasal fibroblasts. These results suggest that acacia honey might be useful for inhibiting nasal polyp formation.