Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nationalisme et littérature – Afrique – 20e siècle'
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Essono, Ella Victor. "La crise de l’identité à travers l’écriture de Valentin Yves Mudimbe, Eugène Ebodé et Fatou Diome." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/theseEssono.pdf.
Full textThe news of identity remains tied to disciplinary fields like sociology, anthropology, social psychology, history, linguistics. In the literary field, the thematic network around human existence Africa built the notion of identity. The thematic approaches are different, but the differences result from the concern of authors, also parallel visions that differ; should be added style which is renewed for a writer to another. For these creators, the novel is like a huge symbolic universe, each artist can build at its own tastes, his fiction, and build a handwriting. These authors do not have the same facts, and they do not address the same way the embarrassment of identity. We wanted to understand, through a thesis, "fortune" literary writings on African identity. This desire to clarify the issue of the identity of African writing, leads us to more precisely, analysis of identity according to the procedures and imagination of three African writers: Valentin Yves Mudimbe, and Eugene Ebodé Fatou Diome. Our feature is not only to integrate writing in the theme of identity, but also to study its evolution from the speech of women, especially when it is an intellectual. The focus of our topic is based on the relationship between African identity and writing modern fiction. Basically, this study could lead us to trace the history of African literature, because it has created bonds of identity with language, spatial and temporal texts being insular
Tousignant, Nathalie. "Les manifestations publiques du lien colonial entre la Belgique et le Congo belge (1897-1988)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25260.pdf.
Full textNtsobe, Amah Marie-Pascale. "La médiatisation de la littérature africaine en France et en Afrique de 1960 à 2000 : une étude socio-descriptive." Cergy-Pontoise, 2005. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/05CERG0276.pdf.
Full textThe media and literature, from time immemorial, appear to be inextricably linked. So do we also take delight in underlining the complementary and interdependence of the two fields that develop and gain ground together. We speak of African literature, it will be proper to say that its emergence and engraving the media and especially in the press are very recent facts, in a given period, African fiction comes up, with dazzling speed in the press in France as well as in Africa ? Presenting the problem of the African literature media coverage in France and in Africa in this way as a main hypothesis, this thesis sets out to clear up the links between the media, especially the press and African fiction. This work comprises three major parts : The first has to do with the genesis and development of the media and African Literature. The second part of this work examines the criteria of media coverage of African Literature. It is a study of reception of the African literary fact in the media in France as well as in Africa. “The media, writers and authorial function” is the title of the third part. It shows on the basis of studies in the field of sociology applied to literature, the work of art has some links with social structures
Coret, Laure. "Traumatismes collectifs et écriture de l' indicible : les romans de la réhumanisation (Afrique noire francophone, Amérique latine, Antilles)." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/135519926#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe novels and testimonies studied in this thesis were all produced or created as a response to a shared experience of terror and to a common experience, from the onesuffered in the postocolonial era to the specific experience of thegenocides of the XXth century. Our reading put them into dialogue because they collectively indicate the coming of an extreme violence and of its representation. We have identified the emergence of a literary field and evaluated its formal coherence. Collective Traumas and The Writing of the Unspeakable : Novels of Becoming Human Again (Francophone Africa, Latin America, Caribbean) is a comparatist analysis of the literatures of the South related to the triangular slave trade. We have then confronted this corpus to the writings of genocides reenvisioned through the Holocaust. Adopting postcolonial, sociological, psychoanalytical, and literary theoretical frameworks, we have envisioned the conditions of possibility and invariability of a literature of the After representing crimes against humanity from torture to genocide
Tagliacozzo, Sara. "Prophétisme artistique et création féminine dans l'oeuvre de Werewere Liking." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082592.
Full textNsoudou, Carine. "L' émergence de cultures politiques au Cameroun (1918-1961) : étude comparée des zones sous administration française et britannique." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010696.
Full textROUANET, BETTY. "L'image de l'afrique dans la litterature francaise entre 1980 et 1990." Cergy-Pontoise, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CERG0006.
Full textThe aim of thsi thesis is to study the image of africa in the french novels and travel stories of the eighties. Similarly, through the representations of africa and african people, we have also endeavoured to define and to analyse the image french people have of the imaginary of that period as regards : - the image of africa, its main contituents and mechanisms - the many-sided representations of african exoticism - the metamorphoses of africa and linked to the image of africa. In the conclusion which follows these three parts, we have striven to compare the ways in which blacks and whites look at africa in order to identify their similarities and differences and analyse the benefits which would accrue to our literature from taking the other literature into accounts
Almeida, Amakoe d'. "Le référentiel dans la littérature pour enfants en Afrique noire francophone 1990-2000." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040021.
Full textOur research can be divided into three parts whose common purpose is to define the weight of liteature for children as a whole, and especially of african child literature. The opening part called "Analytical approach to literature for children "sets out to show the beginnings of that particular litérature, through a diachronic analysis. Such a literature has its roots rased in oral sources (folhlore), identification criteria with the problems thus raised regarding literature and finally the present dimension of this literature in back french-speaking Africa. The second part has been devoted to the theme of the referential which had led us to demonstrate the philosophy which lies under the writing of these texts. Thus in the third part we have been induced to state that, along with the different aspects of the referential, books actually open out on to the blackafricanworld. Those are real spaces of initiation the African young reader will enter so as to get a better understanding of the world around him and in order to achieve his integration
Amoah, Félix. "Polygamie et conflits missionnnaires en Afrique occidentale : aspects littéraires et historiques." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030185.
Full textMagnier, Julien. "Pour une littérature de l’interdépendance. Littérature et renouvellements politiques en Afrique noire, à partir de Mongo Beti." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030129/document.
Full textThe links between literature and african politic seem to be so close that they concentrated the problematics and the evolutions of artistic field. According to Mongo Beti, the relation is preponderant, whereas Alain Mabanckou asserts that this closeness is a possibility. Between these generations, it exists both an esthetical and ideological change: the crossing from delinking to an interdependant regime. The writers focus on the useful of the form in ordrer to underline the meaning. The politic of literature follows the contours of the world and its entrance in the era of the Poetic of Relation
Martin, Valérie. "Aspects comparés du roman francophone contemporain : France, Maghreb, Afrique noire." Grenoble 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE39028.
Full textThis thesis is divided in two main parts : the study of novelistic patterns and the problems of writing. The first part deals with biographical elements, proving that the chosen authors, nathalie sarraute, mohammed dib, rachid boudjedra, tierno monenembo and sony labou tansi, all felt a desire to break with their original literary style. The composition of the novels, both internally and externally, has been studied in order to prove how the presentation, the introduction and the dedication create a meaningful whole. The division of text (chapters, intertextual references, typography) has also been analysed in terms of its relevance to the novel. The last section of this first part studies the time and space elements within the novel. The second part of this work is focussed on the difficulties presented by writing. The first chapter deals with character study (classification, psychologie and inter-character relationships) and the second chapter deals with the narrator's status (wheter first or third person, etc. ) finally, the third chapter studies the varied uses of the french language through style and above all the reader's responses to this
Monnier, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Représentations post-coloniales de l'Afrique et des Africains dans les oeuvres de Urs Widmer et Hans Christoph Buch, à la lumière des hypotextes coloniaux de Joseph Conrad et de Richard Kandt." Paris 12, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA120035.
Full textThe following dissertation is an imagological, comparative and postcolonial research about the representations of Africa and Africans in different works of contemporary German literature, which are hypertextually connected to works of European colonial literature. By taking 1m Kongo by Urs Widmer and Kain und Abel in Afrika by Hans Christoph Buch, it scrutinizes, on an exemplary basis and in new ways, the relationship of these post-colonial hypertexts to their underlying colonial subtexts: Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad and Caput Nili by Richard Kandt. It is focused on evaluating, with the help of criteria developed within the postcolonial criticism, whether the selected writings succeed in overcoming the ethnocentric tendencies that characterise the literary reflexes of the ethnographie encounter with the Other abroad, there by producing images that contribute to the renewal of the representations of otherness and foreignness within the contemporary German literature
García-Romeu, José. "Régime autoritaire et littérature en Argentine, 1976-1983 : étude de cas : Respiracion artificial de Ricardo Piglia." Caen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CAEN1268.
Full textBenbousta-Khelil, Leïla Zahra. "Notions d'unité nationale et de culture nationale à travers l'écriture au féminin : frontières éclatées ou espaces libérés." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082041.
Full textMaleski, Estelle. "Le roman policier à l'épreuve des littératures francophones des Antilles et du Maghreb : enjeux critiques et esthétiques." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30033.
Full textEven though the detective novel does not come under a real literary tradition in the French-speaking regions of the West Indies and the Maghreb, it nevertheless seems to have influenced various authors within theses spaces, wether directly or indirectly, over the last twenty years. Being already complex in essence and declinable in multiple variations that have been explored in different ways since its creation at the fall of the XIXth century, the detective genre, when confronted with the literary spaces of the West Indies and the Maghreb, is affected with new disruptions,which oscillate most of the time between an adaptation more or less dependant on the singularity of the new "setting" it is given and a complete divertion of some of the key principles of the generic frame, which was initially built around a clear codification. The detective novel is reactive to modernity and was very early categorized as a "minor genre. " It acts as a platform for a discourse tuned in to some particular social reality while reflecting a writing that is part of a quite remarkable literary frame. Through a corpus gathering around thirty works from the French-speaking literatures of the West Indies (Guadeloupe and Martinique) and the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), we will see how the adaptation of the detective story frame to these literatures seems to be an effective test, revealing the multiple potentialities the detective fiction offers, while focussing more particularly on the critical and aesthetic stakes engendered by such an "acclimatation" of the genre
Belan, Sophie. "Les identités galloises dans le roman et le théâtre gallois en langue anglaise dans la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20001.
Full textThe growing anglicization of the Welsh since the end of the 18th century led to the emergence at the beginning of the 20th century of a Welsh literature in the English-language. This study shows that Welsh writing in English has contributed to the definition and assertion of Welsh identities in the second half of the twentieth century. The existence of an "Anglo-Welsh" literature different from other literatures in the English-language has long been debated. However, the novels and plays studied share common characteristics which give them a specific dimension. It is expressed through a strong sense of place, a deep interest in the life and culture of Welsh communities and a particular concern for the issues of individual and collective identity. By their writing, the authors manage to reconcile the two cultures of Wales and to provide the readers with new representations of the changing faces of Welsh identities
Demulder, Thomas. "(Re)territorialisation de "l'entre-deux" par quelques artistes maghrébins : Driss Chraïbi, Ahmed Cherkaoui, Kateb Yacine, Mohammed Khadda, Albert Memmi et Nja Mahdaoui à la (con)quête de l'expression et de l'inscription du sentiment d'identité culturelle nouveau." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/demulder_t.
Full textThe dynamism, pertinence and the performative power of the dialogues which bind pictural and litterary creations in the post-colonial cultural North-African field have been - unless I'm mistakes, seldom exploited thoroughly. Yet, obvious the gathering of Driss Chraïbi, Ahmed Cherkaoui, Kateb Yacine, Mohammed Khadda, Albert Memmi and Nja Mahdaoui is rich in the merging of (artistic) preocupations and expressive procedure. Each of them neveals in his own way a thorough research on the " memory of roots " and of a far-reaching reflexion on " modern " art or rather, on the role of the artist in the modern society (the one issued from the colonial system). From one expression to the other an " artistic companionship " is emerging to inaugurate an original form of " identity languages ". In a society which is " deprogrammed " of its identity and culture, there six public idols are building (in a parallel and complementary way) expressive outlines (of the " rhizome " type) which are likely to soothen on a long term basis the tears due to the acculturation feeling. All along the dialogue between writting and the new painting a mental hinterland is outlined the Mediterranean accompanied by a gossaner and syncretic expression capable of behulding all the paradoxical compoments of the new cultural identity to express/print on a long term basis the " in between " feeling the new North-African man experiences forcefully following the Independances
Séverin, Marianne. "Les réseaux ANC (1910-2004) : histoire politique de la constitution du leadership de la nouvelle Afrique du Sud." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40048.
Full textAfter a little more than forty years of discriminatory regime, South Africa's political scene changed in April 1994 with the victory of the African National Congress (ANC), accessing to the head of the Government. With these first democratic and multiracial elections, new political executives representing the whole South-African population, replaced those who had represented the white minority only. These new dealers, although lacking a bit of experience in State management, are long time political professionals. They followed their political courses between the years 1940 and 1990 as anti-apartheid activists. Then, they became actors of influence during the democratisation phase and the elections' victory. In order to understand their course and to give answers to the question concerning criteria of nominations between the middle of the years 1980 (during the secret negociations) and 2004, this thesis took into account the courses of life and the acquisition of "political competence" during the opposition years, to finally identify the criteria of selection and reconstitute the "ANC Networks"
Lucas, Rémy. "Eloge du gris ? : Le mûlatre et ses représentations dans la littérature africaine lusographe à partir de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20008.
Full textThe Portuguese’s miscegenation with the colonized people is the starting point of this work. From the postulate of the Portuguese’s particularity to the interbreeding (lusotropicalism) we wanted to question the different representations of the mulatto in the Portuguese Africa. The evolution of the notion of race, some historic indicators for each ex-colony in Africa permit understand the interbreeding in his geographical and linguistic particularity. The literature of lusophone Africa in the 50's develop the mulatto character. The novel and short stories of our corpus examine this changing and unsatisfied character, split into his black and white roots. A typology of the literary mulatto has been done and permit draw up an inventory of his representations. In order to refine the perception of the mulatto character, we analyse into details three novels : Llheu de Contenta de Teixera de Sousa, A Chaga de Castro Soromenho and Portagem from Orlando Mendes, as well as the narrative strategy (hal-breeding discourse). The literary mulatto turns out to be a character more in search of his whither father than a being divided in his double roots. The unrecognition of the father transforms him into a character cut off from the others and from himself
Yoda, Lalbila. "Les fondements du discours politique de Kwame Nkrumah à l'heure des indépendances en Afrique anglophone." Montpellier 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON30022.
Full textNkrumah's political thought has for setting the colonial context which it exposes. It passes a negative judgement on any colonial enterprise which is seen as a mere exploitation of the colonised people. In order to achieve full development a colonised people must get rid of colonial bondage first. According to nkrumah's philisophical consciencism, which is a synthesis between the foreign values (mainly islamic and european), which influenced africa, and the african ones, is the very weapon for decolonisation. Development, he further claims, can only be envisaged through national and continental unity under the guide of scientific socialism. The first step towards scientific socialism is the supremacy of the people through "parliamentary democracy" : a system based on a constitution approved by the entire people in a national referendum. Nkrumah's theory, strongly influenced by the marxist-leninist thought does not seem to suit the african realities despite some positive elements such as social justice. If his thought is still valid today in ghana as well as in the rest of africa it is because the problems he seeked to solve are still the lot of the continent
Bonacci, Giulia. "Pionniers et héritiers : histoire du retour, des Caraïbes à l'Ethiopie (19ème et 20ème siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0019.
Full textOver three hundred persons who came in majority from Jamaica but as well form the wider Caribbean, the United States and the United Kingdom live at the periphery if Shashemene, a Southern Ethiopian town. They are Rastafarians who say they are repatriated, returned home in Ethiopia. This dissertation studies the history of the relations between Caribbeans and Ethiopia, and the historical processes through which Rastafarians settled on land granted by Emperor Haile Selassie. Based on oral and musical sources, as well as on newspapers and Jamaican, British, American and Ethiopian archives, this research reconstructs the material and immaterial circulations between Ethiopia and the Caribbean, and analyzes the contradictions inherent in the return to Africa and the social practices of Pan Africanism, through a constant dialogue between Africa and its diasporas
Hupel, Erwan. "Gwalarn : Histoire d’un mouvement littéraire en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20026.
Full textThis thesis examines the history of the literary movement emerged in Brittany around the revue GWALARN, published from 1925 to 1944. According to the general opinion, the influence of WALARN on the Breton language and Breton literature today is considerable, but very differently appreciated. This thesis emphasizes the collective aspect of the work. It doesn’t deny the overwhelming influence of the editor of the magazine, Roparz Hemon, but intends to propose a detailed structural analysis of the movement as it’s been (and sometimes hasn’t been) in touch with the people of the times. This analysis attempts to describe the origins of the movement, its birth, its assumptions, but also its literary work and its favourite themes, and its sociolinguistic achievements and strategic choices. Therefore, we notice some ideological issues : the gap between localism and universalism, and between tradition and modernism, the different vues about literature, about Breton as a language and about nationalism. . . We’ve tried to study GWALARN not only in the light of the Breton sociolinguistic situation at the time but also in the light of the french one, in a general European movement of nationalist and linguistic demands and in a global geopolitical situation that built the fate of the breton movement from World War I to World War II. Thus, the multiplication of perspectives offers a new look over a key moment in Breton literature and provides contemporary and reflective materials for the history of linguistic minorities in Europe
Konaté, Diola. "Réflexions poétiques de l'Afrique dans l'oeuvre d'un écrivain ethnologue surréaliste : Michel Leiris." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF20048.
Full textThe narrator-poet and ethnographer at the same time-in his literary creations and ther works structures around the theme about africa a theory giving a new dynamic value to the authentic reflections expresin, the spiritual and cultural values and the africa heritage-a theory doubly throun into relief in our study on account of michel leiris' double vocation. According to the ethngrapher all aspects described in his travel book as manners and customs, rites and apparent sources of beliefs, exploitation of magic knouledges and resorts to mythical survivals deserve to be taken into account, for they represent basis from which the africa black explains and integrates his naturel environment but also throngh which be states his attachment to his origins. According to the poet the travel throngh the complex circonvolutions of these irrational wealths, beyond the passion for myths and cultures unknoun of that time, becomes a means of being objective towards the rational logic and to reach a better acquaintance of oneself and the then - a poetic experimentation that he carries on even in his dreams (image of the ethnographe
Mbouopda, David. "Regards d'écrivains français sur l'Afrique noire dans la deuxième moitié du vingtième siècle : du néocolonialisme à la coopération." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20012.
Full textAt the edge of the XXIst century, the importance of "imagologie" in comparative literature cannot be ever emphasized. In fact the contact between France and Black Africa has been adversative, consecrating the dualistic Black/White as two singular and insurmountable entities. The representation of French writers on Black Africa try to make an appraisal of the last development of this situation on historical, social, cultural, political and economic plan. This brings out, in the second half of the XXth century, two cruel angles : the French look on Africa and that of Africa on the western world. It was based on conciliating, through a comparative study and an alterity block, the reflexion on motion such as : the north/south dialogue, neo-colonialism, sustainable development Franco-African cooperation; and the constitution of a positive knowledge on unpublished narrative space characterising the reception of black Africa in the imagination of the French. But it is a constellation of (various) diverse and current questions asked in varied forms detective, adventure learning, ethnology. And numerous themes, the mugger's wife, the African intelligentsia, the evolution of language and collective blindness
Pandi, Joseph. "La découverte de l'art negro-africain : contribution d'un homme de lettres, Blaise Cendrars." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX10023.
Full textErausquin, Estela. "Manuel Gálvez et Hugo Wast : deux écrivains nationalistes et catholiques dans le bouleversement des années 30 en Argentine." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030055.
Full textManuel galvez and hugo wast (i. E. Nom de plume of gustavo martinez zuviria) are the most popular argentinian writers or the 1930's, at home as well as abroad. As literature is also a social document as well a vehicle of ideology, its study provides insights into dominant social and ideological patterns of a period. This study investigates the literary and theoretical works of galvez and wast in the context of contemporary press reports and historical documents, in order to evaluate certain characteristics of a key period in argentinian history. Their works give notice of a vague yet pervading ideology, or rather a dominant popular attitude that can react to the "other" (foreigners, jews, women only with either rejection or idealization. This also applies to the popular vision of europe, the "other" continent; galvez presents it as a paradise whose absence creates feelings of dissatusfaction and isolation. The most distinct characteristics these two authors share qre militant catolicism and fervert patriotism. As these attitudes are not the result of a cleared reasoned ideology the authors' social are notably lacking in realism
Bergeron, Patrick. "Aspects de la mort chez Maurice Barrès et Hugo Von Hofmannsthal : préparé en cotutelle avec l'Université Laval (Québec-Canada)." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30012.
Full textThe main purpose of this study is to explain the prominent part played by the thought of death in the works of the French writer Maurice Barrès (1862-1923) and the Austrian writer Hugo von Hofmannsthal (1874-1929). Both of them were strongly influenced, in their early writings, by the sense of decadence that charaterized a large amount of European literatures at the turn of the century. They followed an imaginary path based on the harmonization of contradictions and dead ends that lied heavily on their "late-born" generation (spätgeboren) : the aesthetes' "pure" art and the ethic of behaving toward others, the perishable and the everlasting, faithfulness and metamorphosis, among others. Are regarded themes evident and deepened throughout Barres' and Hofmannsthal's works, such as the polarity between Germanity and Latinity, the modern attraction of soul, irrational and subconscious, the surge for personalities praised for their energy and their tragic conscience, the cult of the Ego leading up to the cult of a Superego or the partiality for Venice as the Mecca of decadent fantasias
Cornu, François. "L'Afrique dans l'oeuvre d'Elspeth Huxley." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1005.
Full textCisse, Ibrahima Ousmane. "La satire de la dictature dans les romans contemporains latino-américains et négro-africains d'expression française." Grenoble 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE39034.
Full textMany political scientists perceived the recent history of africa as the exact replica of the political process in south america. Post-independent africa indeed experiences identical sociopolitical difficulties with latin american countries : social inequelities, tremendow debt, political subordination, army-controlled political power, etc. . . And those are signs of the failure of politics in both continent which generated a profuse production of literary works, espacially in the field of novel-writing where the dominant feature invariously comes out to be the military dictators. Every literature is the product and the image of the environnement in which it take rooks. This identity of inspiration is therefore not amazing, and such a community of fate has mather favoured the rise of what is called by some people a "thrid word literature". Somehow, novelists in both contients declaim against established military power and demigrate dictators, for they see their works as a contribution to the life of their respective societies. Moreaver, they continually adopt similar literary attitudes. Indeed, if sembene ousmaner or ferdinand oyono make you think of zola or balzac, it is their latin american countes ports that the 1980 ies' african prose weiters take up
Razaimiandrisoa, Nirina. "Représentations de la société malgache dans les nouvelles d'un auteur malgache des années 30, Alfred Ramandiamanana (1886-1939)." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INAL0028.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the representations of the Malagasy society in the short stories of the writer of the 30s, writing in Malagasy, Alfred RAMANDIAMANANA (1886-1939).Writer, poet and short story writer at the beginning of the colonial era in Madagascar from 1906 to 1939, Ramandiamanana, nostalgic of the pre-colonial era joined a secret nationalist society discovered towards the end of 1915. The secret society turned out to be an intellectual movement whose main objectives were to preserve the national unity and the struggle for the development of Madagascar. For nearly thirty years, he published either poems, or text analysis, or short stories, dispersed in the first Malagasy non-denominational newspapers of the early twentieth century. It becomes therefore interesting to reflect on the direction taken by these various forms of writings while putting them in their historical context.The thesis is presented in two volumes. Volume I, the Analysis, examines the relationship between history and politics as well as the status of the Malagasy language in relation to the French language introduced by colonialism. During this period of colonial pacification, the press was muzzled by censorship and the repression was severe. Thus, the analysis focuses on the ways in which the intellectuals took over ownership of the language while taking into account the critique of the colonial society and the Malagasy society of the time, using a coded language. The author also uses laughter to get his message across to the readers. His works express the cultural commitment of the author.Volume II consists of 48 texts in Malagasy with the French translation by Nirina Vololomaharo RAZAIMIANDRISOA. Granted that the language used and the context are not always known to the public today, detailed explanations are provided in footnotes
Pedersen, Chanette. "Roman et société dans l’œuvre romanesque de Nadine Gordimer." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2029.
Full textIn the thirteen novels of Nadine Gordimer, the social and sexual lives of the characters are, in general, closely related to the politics of apartheid. Thus, in the first part of this doctoral thesis, the human relations within the family are analysed; new kinds of family relations and the rejection of the old values, are some of the observations one can make. The following subject is that of sexuality. The position of Nadine Gordimer on issues such as feminism and homosexuality are dealt with. A third part concerns racism and its crucial role in a regime like that of apartheid. Racism strives for racial segregation and pretends that one group of humans is superior to the others because of its colour. Thus, the next part undertakes to overview the categorisation of humans in the South African society. A final part analyses the influence of this system of apartheid on the very construction of the notion of space in the novels
Fravalo, Loïc. "Alvaro Cunqueiro ici et ailleurs : parcours littéraire et idéologique d'un auteur galicien." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20037.
Full textThe main part of the thesis is a study about the first works by the galician poet and writer, Alvaro Cunqueiro, (1911-1981), from the early thirties till the fifties. Poetry, newspaper works, and his first novel are examined in the historical context of the Second Republic, the coup of July 1936, and the victory of Franco's army, in regard of the different ideological choices of the writer. The point consists in examining Alvaro Cunqueiro's position in the literary and political panorama of that period : the lyric avant-garde and the heritage of the Rexurdimento, the cultural and political evolution of the galician movement, the rise of the Falangist party's ideas, according to his own involvement. The contact between the galician and the castillan languages, and the theoretic bases of the galician movement represent a major part of the thesis
Caradec, Nathalie. "La notion de territoire dans la poésie bretonne de langue française contemporaine." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20068.
Full textContemporary Breton poetry, in the French language, gives much importance to the notion of territory, understood as meaning the geographical areas, landscapes or even certain places, all within the region of Brittany. The Breton identity is defined by several characteristics, one of which is the strong tie to the Brittany region or territory. With poets published since the Second World War, this theme is explicitly present, with the toponym precisely, or implicitly, locating the setting evoked. In our study of the notion of territory in contemporary Breton poetry, in the French language, we have chosen a thematic reading, to precisely define the different ways of evoking the region. This notion is examined in three main lines : land, water, a lost or re-found territory. Certain poets evoke the territory as linked to the land and more precisely to the forest or the Mounts of Arrée ; others emphasize the territory as linked to water in a varied spectrum of marshes, islands or rivers. Finally, the territory can be perceived within the framework
Sène, Jean-Jacques Ngor. "Mythe et rituel dans la production théâtrale de Wole Soyinka ou La matrice d'une conscience sociale toujours en éveil." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20042.
Full textThe @word myth conveys something mysterious and sacred and ritual can be defined as the re-enactment of religious events whose originals are lost in the gloom of time. A committed writer is fully aware of the lyrical power of his art, which is by its very nature a mediium for change. Theater properly responds to the changing pattern of events and to the dynamics of any situation and Wole Soyinka's drama can be seen as the womb of a never-fading social consciousness. The Nigerian dramatist advocates objectivity in literature, the displaying of the other side-the evil side- which, alas, often overtakes human beings. He is deeply rooted in the cosmogony and aesthetics of his people, the Yoruba and also a true disciple of Ogun, the first deity to dare the gulf of transition between the realm of gods and humanity. Soyinka's drama not only aims at the comprehensive world of myth, repetitive history and mores but it also suggests some ways of conquering the effective power of the individual in the actual tragic context of modern Africa social issues. The African artist's mythopoesis calls us to immerse thoroughly within the whirpool of cosmic forces, understand their nature, rescue the combative nature of the will and emerge wiser
Garycka-Balmitgere, Anna. "L'Afrique vue de Pologne : voyages et images littéraires." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC003.
Full textThe relations between Poland and Africa are considered in this thesis in a historical and comparative approach in order to contribute to the studies of the image of Africa in European literatures. As a link to the geopolitical situation of Poland the questioning is articulated about the image of a colonised space created in the literature of a country not implicated in colonisation. Three kinds of facts are analysed. First, travels by the Polish in Africa, then, stories created as a result of these travels, and finally the images that exist in Polish imagery with their literary, ideological or political uses. The relations between Polish writers and Africa are studied in an extended corpus which refers to writers of the colonial period (Joseph Conrad and Henryk Sienkiewicz) but is more focused on the decolonisation period from 1950 to 1980, where Ryszard Kapuściński’s writings are put in perspective by a number of secondary writers, reporters, physicians, missionaries or diplomats. The African alterity is also approached in its specular dimension as a mirror through which the Polish identity is observed and defined. The Polish image of Africa comes into view as a paradox since it simultaneously is contrary to Western images and a reproduction of them. A place of deep literary roots, Africa becomes in Polish literature also a place of reflection which – more than some politic ulterior motives or hidden culpabilities characteristic of imperial powers – reveals the union of destinies
Joseph-Vilain, Mélanie. "Filiation et écriture dans cinq romans d'André Brink : "Looking and Darkness"Rumours of Rains" "An Act of Terror" "Imaginings of Sand" et "Devil's Valley"." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10066.
Full textNelaupe, Emmanuelle. "Transition politique et production romanesque : l'écriture féminine noire en Afrique du Sud de 1998 à 2011." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0036/document.
Full textThe South African political transition from a repressive system to a democratic one opened new spaces to a marginalized part of the population among whom the black woman to express themselves, such as the Truth and Reconciliation hearings. This black feminine voice, made free by the political transition is reflected through the development of a literary female production. It gave way to the emergence of new novelistic forms, analysed in our study through ten novels written by eight different female writers between 1998 and 2011: S. Magona, K.L. Molope, K. Matlwa, A.N. Sithebe, A. Makholwa, H.J. Gololai, Z. Wanner and C. Jele. In a first part, we analyse the way these authors rewrite the novel during the transitional period, moving away from a realistic writing, deeply involved in politics and largely used during the apartheid era, towards a more intimate way of writing which reflect the traumas of a national past haunting the present. Then, we examine in three parts how the writers emerging during the post-transitional period explore new genres, rarely used by black South African women until then, namely the Bildungsroman, detective fiction and chick lit, which reflect their fears in the new South Africa. These authors rewrite these European genres, among which popular ones, through a new feminine perspective, thus innovating the themes they deal with and creating a literature made of mixtures. The European novel becomes a subversive tool to criticise a patriarchal and Europeanised society, which, according to these authors, should not deny the past in order to solve the new challenges coming
Behr, Héloïse. "Impact de la littérature indigène au Brésil : une redéfinition des théories euro-occidentales." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA009/document.
Full textAs Karl Marx summarized, the colonized "cannot represent themselves; they must berepresented.” The Natives of Brazil have always held a special place in Brazilianliterature. Since the 80s, they have become the subject of their works.From Metade Cara, Metade Máscara Eliane Potiguara (2004); Falling from the sky.Words of a Yanomami shaman co-written by the shaman Davi Kopenawa andanthropologist Bruce Albert (2010) and Geografia indígena jointly by teachers intraining from Parque Indígena do Xingu (1995), we address the issue of indigenous and Brazilian identity, questioning the legitimacy and the validity of the description "indigenous literature". From these diverse publications emerge enlightening reflections on the notion of identity, notably when crossed with the challenge of authorship. The adoption of alphabetic writing by the Natives of Brazil allows the appropriation of a portrait subject to scrutiny from others, thus a return to Western and Brazilian writings.Moreover, indigenous literature brings a different view of history dealt with from a perspective of "Western super subjects" (Saïd, 2000). Drawing upon post-colonialtheories, we show that Native literature is revolutionary because it offers an eccentric viewing angle (Bhabha, 1994) extending the European concept of historiography (Mignolo, 2003) based on the multiplicity of the voices of the various (Glissant, 1981) in particular based on orality
Plaiche, Anza Karel. "États et écritures de violence en Afrique contemporaine : la représentation des conflits armés et des violences de masse dans les fictions africaines subsahariennes francophones." Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0031/document.
Full textThis research project examines the representation of the experience of extreme violence in the contemporary fictional space of Sub-Saharan Francophone Africa. The numerous works of prose fiction written in the wake of the armed conflicts of the 1990s and the Rwandan genocide raise questions related to the representation of pain, cruelty and death as well as to the ethics of art. How do literary texts put into narrative traumatic events? How do writers think and problematize extreme crises of immediate history? By the means of what literary modalities are these crises constituted into an object of knowledge and awareness? And what esthetic and language strategies have been privileged to convey the memory of the atrocities in order toprovide testimony or aim at critical reflection? This thesis explores the writing of the collective tragedies that, from a historical and socio-cultural perspective, mark the start of a new period of violence in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this context, we are focusing predominantly on texts that are characterized – through the distinctive choices of form and style operated by the authors – by a radicalization of discourse and particularly violent plots and esthetics. This research which interrogates the powers and the possible limits of art in the representation of facts of extreme violence analyses an extensive corpus of novels and short stories published between 1998 and 2010 and suggests a multidisciplinary approach which, next to literary and esthetic theories, draws on history, sociology, anthropology and psychiatry
Vallières, Gabrielle. "D'une littérature de la souveraineté vers une souveraineté littéraire : l'ironie dans le discours essayistique de Liberté de 1980 à 1986." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32883.
Full textHeulin, Antony. "La mort dans l'oeuvre de Yann-Ber Kalloc'h et Loeiz Herrieu : analyse de l´idée de la mort dans les poèmes de Yann-Ber Kalloc´h écrits pendant la Première Guerre mondiale et dans le récit de guerre Kammdro an Ankoù, Le Tournant de la mort, de Loeiz Herrieu." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20029/document.
Full textThe present thesis focuses on the conception of death in Breton writer Loeiz Herrieu’s story Kammdro an Ankou U – At the turn of Death, drawned from August 1914 to February 1919, as well as in Breton poet Yann-Ber Kalloc'h’s poems from his anthology Ar in Deulin – On my knees, written in Breton at the beginning of World War I. It fits within the scope of civilisation studies. First and foremost, the concepts of death and war are defined and illustrated through various sources and references, which give the reader insight into both men’s and their contemporaries’ mindsets. Besides, this thesis examines how Loeiz Herrieu and Yann-Ber Kalloc’h expressed their respective conception of death in their respective works. The critical comparison thus brings to light not only the very nature of the collective representations which influenced these works – especially those originating from the Catholic or nationalist, both Breton and French, imagination – but also to what extend the unprecedented conditions induced by the Great War forced these two men to invent new representations through their creation. Consequently, they gained a certain amount of individual freedom and a voice of their own, in this crucial moment of transition between tradition and modernity in society. Such a transition introduces the complete break of the development of individualism in European societies. In this perspective, the perception of Loeiz Herrieu and Yann-Ber Kalloc’h’s works improves the current understanding of the Breton folk’s state of mind at the beginning of the 20th century and of the reasons why Breton men accepted to go and sacrifice their lives on the battlefield in the name of France
Konaré, Alhousseyni. "Mystique et prophétie chez Léopold Sédar Senghor et Aimé Césaire." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040286.
Full textHelly, Barbara. "The Covenant de James A. Michener : un roman populaire américain sur l'histoire de l'Afrique du Sud." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20021.
Full textWhy are James A. Michener's historical sagas so successful ? Is it because the general public is fond of their thrilling taste or because the books successfully mix facts and fiction ? An analysis of Michener's novel on the history of South Africa, " The Covenant ", can help answer this question. For Western readers, South Africa is a faraway land which, in a few years, has switched from political struggle against apartheid to sanitary struggle against AIDS. But when the book was published in 1980, the Afrikaners' nationalist power, which relied on the gold and diamond mine landowners, was locked in segregation and repression policies. In " The Covenant " James A. Michener gives his own interpretation of the relations between Blacks and Whites, Bushmen and Dutchmen, Boers and Xhosa, Voortrekkers and Zulus, and finally between Afrikaners and Englishmen, throughout history. To study " The Covenant " is to observe what the American author has selected from a mass of historical facts in order to explain the evolution of South African society. In pursuing our analysis, we will realize that his choices are intimately linked to his political and philosophical ideas. But we will also see that the well-kown specialist of historical sagas stretching through hundreds and even thousands of years, could rely on a whole team whose job was to help bring the South African project to a successful end. Discovering the religious and nationalist significations of " The Covenant ", we will also understand how this good example of contemporary literature was written thanks to a combination of money and skills
Mazauric, Catherine. "Le Lecteur d'Afriques - Contribution à une didactique transculturelle de la lecture littéraire." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00750393.
Full textKane, Bouna. "L'Interculturalité au regard du roman victorien et africain : essai d'analyse des romans de Chinua Achebe et Ngugi wa Thiong'o au miroir de Thomas Hardy et Joseph Conrad." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030011.
Full textThe study of cultural hybridity in literature remained tied to a theory which defines postcolonial literatures in terms of their oppositional relationship with the West. In this thesis, we attempted to go beyond the “writing back to the center”. We have not ignored the debate over standard criticism but we have chosen to demonstrate by means of this comparative study that the African novel is part of a larger fictional universe. By appropriating the techniques of the Victorian literary tradition associated with Thomas Hardy and Joseph Conrad, African writers create a useful device for developing greater understanding and improved communication among people from different cultural, racial and ethnic groups. We found striking similarities between the Scottish clan and the African tribe in terms of social organisation and way of life. Like Scott and Hardy, Ngugi and Achebe draw the substance of their novels from the folklore and popular traditions of their communities. African and Victorian novelists have a clear awareness of the human predicament and show how fate can be cruel to the individual
Bundu, Malela Buata. "L'Homme pareil aux autres: stratégies et postures identitaires de l'écrivain afro-antillais à Paris, 1920-1960." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210803.
Full textPour ce faire, notre démarche s’articule en deux temps :(1) examiner les conditions de possibilité d’un champ littéraire afro-antillais à Paris (colonisation française et ses effets, configuration d’un champ littéraire pré-institutionnalisé, etc.) ;(2) analyser les processus de consolidation du champ, ainsi que les luttes internes qui opposent deux tendances émergentes représentées d’abord par Senghor et Césaire, ensuite par Beti et Glissant, dont les prises de position littéraires mettent en œuvre des « modèles empiriques » ;ceux-ci régulent et unifient leurs rapports au monde et à l’Afrique.
This study relates to afro-carribean literature in colonial period (1920-1960). We want to examine the strategies of agents like René Maran, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Aimé Césaire, Édouard Glissant and Mongo Beti ;and we want to understand how they invente literary and social identity.
Our approach is structured in two steps: we shall analyse (1) the conditions for an afro-carribean literary field to appear in Paris (french colonialism and its consequences, configuration of literay field.) ;(2) the consolidation of this field and the internal struggles between two tendances represented by Senghor and Césaire, by Glissant and Beti whose literary practice shows the “empirical model” that regularizes and consolidates their relation with the world and Africa.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
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Tshilumba, Kalombo Muadiamvita Gilbert. "Les idéologies politiques africaines: mythe du pouvoir ou instance du développement ?réflexion épistémologique sur le nationalisme congolais à la lumière de la théorie rawlsienne de la justice." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210475.
Full textRéflexion épistémologique sur le nationalisme congolais à la lumière de la théorie rawlsienne de la justice.
Panafricanisme, négritude, consciencisme, socialisme et nationalisme ont eu en gros sur le sol africain, une double mission :-délivrer les pays du joug colonial
sortir ces pays du sous-développement par un travail d’une
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Doctorat en Philosophie
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Manirambona, Fulgence. "Africanité et mondialisation à travers la production romanesque de la nouvelle génération d'écrivains francophones d'Afrique noire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209947.
Full textLa reconfiguration de l’énonciation dégage les ressorts d’une écriture nouvelle marquée par une narration éclatée, une spatialité multiple et une innovation thématique. La transgression narrative s’intègre au rang des discours de la déconstruction caractéristique de la postmodernité et se donne à lire comme le reflet de l’être de l’entre-deux qu’est l’écrivain migrant comme d’ailleurs son protagoniste. L’espace dans lequel évolue ce dernier peut être interprété comme une transteritorialité dans laquelle se moule la création littéraire marquée du sceau de l’altérité et traduit la « transidentité » du personnage évoluant dans cet espace. La perspective thématique renforce cette idée de l’altérité mondiale structurant le récit africain contemporain. Elle s’engage dans la voie des mutations et des transgressions caractéristiques de la mise en relation de l’africanité et de la mondialisation comme lieu de l’écriture/lecture du roman contemporain.
Le mode d’écriture nous offre un cadre linguistique et stylistique dans lequel se joue l’altérité africanité-mondialisation. Le romancier de la nouvelle génération retravaille la langue française à l’aide des ingrédients des langues et des cultures dans lesquelles il baigne. Cette manipulation linguistico-stylistique est rendue possible par le jeu interlinguistique et le registre humoristico-ironique qui produisent une esthétique du « risible » face aux défis de l’altérité. L’écrivain africain contemporain, décomplexé par ces manipulations linguistique et stylistique, exploite les ressources de l’oralité en vue de concilier la pluralité des formes d’expression et des pratiques langagières de son environnement. Cette stratégie d’écriture produit une esthétique de l’oraliture, celle-là même qui, tout en exaltant les vertus de l’écriture, recourt aux différents procédés offerts par l’oralité, versant de l’africanité du texte contemporain, pour marquer une opposition contre l’écriture et l’Occident qui l’incarne./The African novel by the new generation is made at the meeting point of languages and cultures. In its theoretical and paratextual orientation, the fiction discourse by the new generation can be summed up as a « universality-oriented modernity », a place of dialectic link between africanity and globalization. The ideological context of creation of this literature and the identity questioning bring us to consider africanity as a dynamic notion and the literary globalization as a way to competition and literary legitimacy.
The peritextual discourse, which is a high place of readability/visibility, initiates the strategies of this otherness which the novelist develops largely in textual enunciation.
Reshaping the enunciation shows the motivation of a new writing characterized by a breaking up narration, a multiple area coverage and a thematic innovation. Narrative transgression is integrated in the rank of discourses of deconstruction characterizing postmodernity. It is to be read as a reflection of the being in the space between, this is the migrant writer as well as his protagonist. The space in which the latter evolves can be interpreted as a transterritoriarity in which is moulded literary creation sealed by otherness and shows « transidentity » of the character evolving in that space. The thematic perspective reinforces this idea of global otherness structuring the African contemporary narration. It moves into mutations and transgressions characterizing the relationship between africanity and globalization as a place of writing/reading of contemporary novel.
The writing mode gives us a linguistic and stylistic framework in which takes place the otherness africanity-globalization. The new generation novelist works on the French language he uses by means of ingredients of languages and cultures surrounding him. This linguistic and stylistic manipulation is made possible by an interlinguistic game and the humoristic and ironic register which produce aesthetics of the “funny” in front of otherness challenges. The contemporary African writer, encouraged by these linguistic and stylistic manipulations, exploits the oral ressources in order to reconcile the plurality of forms of expression and of language practices of his environment. This writing strategy produces aesthetics of orality, the one which, in addition to exalting the virtues of writing, has recourse to different procedures of orality, showing thus africanity of contemporary text, to mark an opposition against writing and the Western world which embodies it.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
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Pereira, Fernanda Alencar. "Literatura e política : a representação das elites pós-coloniais africanas em Chinua Achebe e Pepetela." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00746533.
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