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1
Ganjikunta, Dia, and Neharika Shrivastava. "Non-Performing Assets (NPA’s) – Impact on Financial Stability of Indian Commercial Banks." International Journal of Finance and Banking Research 10, no. 5 (2024): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijfbr.20241005.12.
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For any economy credit is required for faster growth, but any outstanding advances may turn macroeconomic shocks. There can be various reasons for Non-Performing Assets (NPA) like low scrutiny by banks, wilful defaulter, low earnings affecting ability of entities to pay back loans, economic slowdown, government policies etc. This study aims to bridge this gap by analysing the performance and impact of NPA’s on the State Bank Of India (SBI) top public commercial bank by market capitalisation and HDFC Bank, a top private bank according to market capitalisation. For the current study, HDFC and SBI bank was considered and data for the study was collected using secondary source, i.e. annual reports. The data was collected in a time series format for different financial variables. Keeping Net NPA to Net Advances as an independent variable and Net Profit/Income Ratio and ROA as dependent variable hypothesis was formed. As per the findings, NPA significantly impact profitability of Banks’ and Debt to Asset Ratio. The impact of NPA was found to be more profound in the SBI than HDFC, but it was observed that SBI’s NPA is better managed than that of HDFC, since it made more provisions for NPA, had better loan structures and profitability metrics. It is suggested that Private Commercial Banks can maintain more provisions for NPA and better utilization of assets to reduce their Debt to Asset Ratio to mitigate the negative affect of NPA.
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Rani, Neeraj, and Dr Sangeeta. "Effect of Mergers on Bank of Baroda Before and After, a Study of the Banking Sector." Financial Engineering 1 (July 17, 2023): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232032.2023.1.29.
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The banking industry has been essential to the economy’s development. Mergers and acquisitions are one of the best ways for banks to expand. The government merged banks when banks had more non-performing assets (NPA), less efficiency for work, no global reach, less profitable situation, or had other unimportant features. The government decided to combine three public sector banks in 2019, namely Vijaya Bank, Dena Bank, and Bank of Baroda (BOB). BOB rose to become India’s third-largest bank following the merger. In order to analyze the position of the bank, the study covered various indicators like Gross & Net NPA, operational profit, net profit, capital adequacy ratio (CAR), return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earning per share (EPS), deposits & advances. Charts are used to analyze these factors, and data from the two years before and two years after the banks’ merger has been used. Secondary sources such as annual reports, websites, various publications, etc. has been used to get the data. After the two-year merger, operating profits rose by 40.11% and 52.96%, while net profits rose by 25.81% and 91.01%, demonstrating improved efficiency. Since gross NPA exceed net NPA, banks had control the NPA such that inefficiency became efficiency. Deposits and advances have both climbed, and the CAR has as well, indicating that there is enough capital on hand to handle losses. Since the merger, EPS, ROA, and ROE have all dramatically increased. According to the study, the bank’s performance of BOB improved after the merger.
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P., Hanumantha Rao, and Kumar Sinha Ajay. "Small Finance Banks in India: Growth and Performance Analysis." Empirical Economics Letters 22, no. 8 (2023): 93–101. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10030871.
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<strong>Abstract: </strong>The most recent players in the Indian banking business are small financing banks. They are tasked with reaching out to the underserved section of society, and as a result, they have a crucial role to play in India's effort to increase financial inclusion. Despite their youth, the study intends to document their initial profitability and asset quality performance. The study attempts to compare it to those of recognized groupings of banks, namely, public sector, private sector, and foreign sector banks, during this procedure. The study period spans three financial years, from 2019–20 to 2021–2022, and considers four metrics: return on assets (%), spread as a percentage of total assets, net NPA as a percentage of net advances, and gross NPA as a percentage of total advances. Though they may be somewhat fresh, it was noted that both their performance and asset quality were determined to be excellent.<strong>Keywords: </strong>Profitability, Asset Quality, Net NPA, Spread, Return on Assets<strong>JEL Classification Number: </strong>G21, L25
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Singh, Dr Khushboo, and Dr Anup Kumar Roy. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRE AND POST MERGER ASSET QUALITY OF SELECTED INDIAN BANKS." International Journal of Research in Commerce and Management Studies 06, no. 06 (2024): 169–78. https://doi.org/10.38193/ijrcms.2024.6615.
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This paper investigates Asset Quality based on CAMEL Model of selected Public Sector Commercial Banks in India. For the purpose, the study employs a descriptive research design The Banks, which were part of mega-merger took place on August 2019 with effect from April 1, 2020 are selected for the study. Secondary data from 2016-17 to 2023-24 is used, covering ten banks for the pre-merger period (2016-17 to 2019-20) and four banks for the post-merger period (2020-21 to 2023-24). Asset Quality is assessed using indicators such as Gross NPA to Total Assets, Net NPA to Total Assets, Gross NPA to Total Advances, Net NPA to Total Advances, and the Provisioning Coverage Ratio. Paired t-tests is applied to determine if there is a significant difference in Asset Quality of the banks between the pre- and post-merger periods. The study finds that the merger has an overall positive effect on Asset Quality of the banks and enhanced the Risk Management practices of the banks.
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Gagan, Bhati, and Singh Thakur Shailesh. "Endogenous Financial Indicators of Bad Loans: A Panel Data Study on Indian Public Sector Banks." Empirical Economics Letters 22, no. 7 (2023): 165–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8327160.
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<strong>Abstract</strong>: Banks and financial markets encompass an ecosystem which facilitates the flow of funds from the surplus sector of the economy to the needy sector. This ecosystem of banks and financial markets has deepened in size, sophistication and complexity over the years. However, in the recent past they have also been subject to failures, economic distress and abuse due to the devastating growth of stressed assets in the banking system which is commonly called Non Performing Assets (NPAs) or termed as bad loans particularly in Indian Public Sector Banks (PSBs). This study investigates endogenous financial indicators of NPA in Indian PSU banks through panel data regression. Database related to NPA and selected variables have been analyzed for the period of March 2011 to March 2020. Net Non Performing Assets of PSU banks in India have been considered dependent variable and selected financial indicators as independent variables. It has been observed that credit to deposit ratio (CD ratio), operating expenses, return on asset and capital adequacy ratio have negatively correlated to net NPA of PSBs and consequently contributed for lower level of NPA. Cash deposit ratio and loan maturity have positive but not statistically significant impact on NPA while priority sector advances and collateral value along with non interest income has shown a positive and statistical significant impact over net NPA and contributes for accumulation in net NPA of Public Sector Banks. Result concludes with suggestions based on findings and limitation of the study. Keywords: Bad Loans, Non Performing Assets, Financial Determinants, Public Sector Banks, Panel Data Regression JEL Classification number: E4, E5, G2
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Kothadiya, Bhagya, and Vimla Virparia. "EFFECT OF DEPOSITS AND NON-PERFORMING LOANS ON BANK PROFITABILITY – A CASE STUDY ON CONVENTIONAL COOPERATIVE BANK OF BARODA REGION." International Journal of Management, Public Policy and Research 3, no. 2 (2024): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55829/ijmpr.v3i2.218.
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The banking sector plays a vital role in providing essential financial services, facilitating the allocation of funds to productive ventures, and aiding in the implementation of government fiscal and monetary policies. Historically, Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) have posed significant challenges for banks, but reducing NPAs has now become a top priority. The strength of a nation's economy relies heavily on the health of its cooperative banking sector. This study analyzes the non-performing assets (NPAs) of The Pragati Co-operative Bank Ltd. over a six-year period from 2017-18 to 2022-23. The research examines various aspects related to NPAs, including gross NPAs, net NPAs, provisions made towards NPAs, loans and advances, deposits, and relevant ratios such as net NPA ratio, provision coverage ratio, and credit-to-deposit ratio. The data analysis reveals that the bank maintained a zero net NPA throughout the period, indicating effective provisioning strategies. While gross NPAs fluctuated, the provision coverage ratio remained strong, suggesting the bank's ability to withstand asset quality pressures. The study also investigates the relationship between gross NPAs and net profits using correlation and regression analysis, finding a positive correlation but minimal significant impact of gross NPAs on profitability. Overall, the research highlights The Pragati Co-operative Bank Ltd.'s proactive approach to NPA management, financial stability, and adaptability to changing market conditions.
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S, Navyashree, and Dr D. Jogish. "A STUDY ON NON-PERFORMING ASSETS MANAGEMENT AT STATE BANK OF INDIA, ANANTHAPURA GATE, BANGALORE KARNATAKA." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 10 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem26618.
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Non-performing assets (NPAs) are advances that are not repaid or serviced by the borrowers, posing a risk to the financial stability and profitability of banks. This research aims to inspect the management of NPAs at ‘State Bank of India’ (SBI), one of the largest public segment banks in India. The study has four objectives: to study the gross and net NPAs position at SBI, to analyse the sector-wise and segment- wise NPAs position at SBI, to ascertain the extent of provisions made for NPAs, and to determine the impact of NPAs and provisions on the profitability of SBI. The learning uses secondary data from the annual reports of SBI for the period from 2019 to 2023. The study employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hypothesis testing to analyse the data. The study discoveries that SBI has improved its asset quality and credit risk management over the five-year period, as evidenced by the declining trend of gross and net NPAs, the of NPAs in high-risk sectors, and the increase in provisions and profitability. The study also finds that there is a significant relationship between gross and net NPAs, and that there is a difference between provisions and net profit. The study suggeststhat SBI should focus on reducing the NPA ratio of the industries with high exposure and default rates, diversifying its loan portfolio, and strengthening its credit assessment, monitoring, and recovery systems. The study concludes that SBI has successfully managed its NPAs and enhanced its financial performance, which is beneficial for the country’s growth andeconomic growth. Key words: Non-performing assets, Gross NPA, Net NPA, Sector wise Performance, Provisions, Profitability
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Vaishnav Goud Shambula and Mohd. Mansoor Hussain. "A Case Study On Mergers And Amalgamations Of Canara Bank And Syndicate Bank." Involvement International Journal of Business 1, no. 3 (2024): 178–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.62569/iijb.v1i3.25.
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A well-functioning financial system is crucial for a modern economy, with banks playing a vital role in economic and social stability. Public Sector Banks, particularly, are key in generating revenues from rural areas and expanding financial services to underserved regions. This study examines Canara Bank's performance and growth over the past five years, focusing on key financial parameters and the recent merger with Syndicate Bank. The research employs a doctrinal methodology, using secondary data sources, mainly the annual reports of Canara Bank. Key performance indicators analyzed include operating profit, net profit/net loss, net NPA ratio, capital adequacy ratio, and advances, providing a comprehensive overview of the bank's financial health and growth. The analysis reveals trends in Canara Bank's financial performance, with fluctuations in operating profit and net profit, variations in the net NPA ratio, and changes in the capital adequacy ratio. The merger with Syndicate Bank is assessed, highlighting its effects on financial stability and operational efficiency. The merger between Canara Bank and Syndicate Bank is a significant event in the Indian banking sector, with implications for financial inclusion and service expansion in rural areas. The study discusses these impacts, offering insights into how the merger has influenced Canara Bank's performance and strategic direction. The study summarizes key findings and suggests future strategies to enhance Canara Bank's performance post-merger. Recommendations focus on improving financial metrics and leveraging the merger to expand services and increase revenue generation, particularly in rural areas.
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Mensah, Ezekiel Adu, Nana Boatemaa Boadi, Juliet Appiah Osei-Afoakwa, and Linda Quansah Ewudzie. "A Comparative Study of Non-Performing Assets of Foreign and Local Banks in Ghana: The Case of GCB Bank Ltd and Standard Chartered Bank in Ghana." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. VI (2024): 3145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.806238.
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The Ghanaian banking system plays an important role in the development of a country’s economy and its financial stability by acting as an intermediary between depositors who have excess funds and borrowers who are in need of funds. In recent times banks have become cautious in extending advances as a result of the rise in non-performing assets. A non-performing asset (NPA) is a debt obligation where the borrower has not paid any previously agreed upon interest and principal repayments to the designated lender for a period beyond 90 days thus not yielding any income to the lender in the form of principal and interest payments. The study employed quantitative research design with secondary data for the period 2008-2017. An attempt was made to study the trend of total advances, net profit, Gross Non-Performing Asset and Net Non-Performing Asset of GCB Bank Limited and Standard Chartered Bank Ghana Limited. The results showed a general increasing trend of Total advances, Gross Non-Performing Asset and Net Non-Performing Asset for both banks over the past 10 years. In addition, there was a positive relationship between the Net profit and Non-Performing Asset of GCB Bank Limited whilst a negative relationship existed between the Net profit and Non-Performing Asset of Standard Chartered Bank Ghana Limited.
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Dr., Gagan Deep, and Kumar Devinder. "Performance Evaluation Of Himachal Pradesh Gramin Bank." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 4, no. 7 (2023): 38–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7694975.
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Present study examined the performance of Himachal Pradesh Gramin Bank. Study found that HPGB (formed by merger of HGB & PGB) has achieved success in channelizing the savings of rural people into productive purpose. The amount of outstanding loans and advances has been significantly increased at a faster rate. The ratio of loans & advances over deposits of bank significantly improving from 29.03 percent in 2016-17 to 36.94 percent in 2021-22. Study shows that the CAGR of provisions & contingencies of HPGB has been revealed more as compare to the CAGR of operating profits during the study period. Therefore, the net profit of HPGB has been declined from ₹ 51982 thousand in 2016-17 to ₹ 45692 thousand in 2021-22 showing negative compound growth rate of 2.5 percent. NPA ratio shows that there is inconsistency to make provision against NPA. Hence, study suggested that HPGB should make provision consistently against NPA. Further, interpretation of data shows that the balance with other bank & money at call as well as short notice of HPGB found negative trend and negative CAGR during the study period. Hence, study suggested that the bank should keep close supervision on it.
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Subramanyam, T., and Zalki Madhusudhan. "DEA Models to Measure the Environmental and Scale Efficiencies of Indian Commercial Banks." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 12 (2022): 264–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7478956.
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This study attempted to evaluate the efficiency of Indian commercial banks working on Indian soil. The working environment of a bank may affect due to internal and external factors. The nonperforming assets ratio (Net NPAs/Net Advances) is an indicator variable used to measure the effect of internal and external factors. This study proposed environmental DEA models to assess the impact of internal and external factors and scale inefficiency. The results have shown that the effect of the NPA ratio is statistically significant on the efficiency of public and private sector banks. The study reveals that the proposed environmental DEA models accounted for the risk efficiency. Also, these environmental DEA models effectively controlled the spread of the efficiency scores. Overall the public and private sector banks improved their efficiency scores after eliminating the risk and scale inefficiencies.
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Kazmi, Ruby, Syed Kumail Sajjad, and S. Faizan Askari Afser Rizvi. "An Analytical Study of the Non-performing Asset (NPA) Issue in Punjab National Bank: A Pre-pandemic Study." South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics 22, no. 6 (2025): 158–69. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2025/v22i61045.
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NPAs are seen as a crucial factor in evaluating banks' implementation and financial stability. One of the factors influencing financial safety and the growth of the banking sector is the amount of non-performing assets (NPAs). These days, financial institutions and organisations face a significant problem in managing non-performing assets (NPAs), as these assets are indicative of a significant setback for the economy's growth. Since 2010, the study discovered a substantial correlation between Punjab National Bank's share capital and advances and its gross and net non-performing assets. Figures support the conclusion that, since 2010, the Bank has been steadily increasing the amount of advances it provides at a steady rate.
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Pandey, Dr Sitaram. "Effect of Increasing NPA’s on Different Dimensions of Indian Banking Sector." Trinity Journal of Management, IT & Media 10, no. 1 (2019): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/tjmitm.2019.1004.
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The study is basically capturing the effect of increasing non-performing assets on different dimensions of Indian banking sector. These dimensions include liquidity, solvency, profitability, capital adequacy & operating capability. The dimensions will be measured through different financial ratios. Financial reports of 06 banks composed of three public sector banks, namely Punjab national bank (PNB), State bank of India (SBI), and Union Bank of India (UBI) and three of private sector banks namely HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank & Axis Bank was used to analyze effect of NPA’s for ten years (2010-2019) on financial ratios comparing the net NPA to net advances, liquid asset to total asset ratio, total liabilities to total shareholder’s fund, return on assets, bank’s capital to risk weighted assets and operating expenses to total assets. Through correlation and regression analysis, a model was established, and it is found that only one variable ROA turns as a significant influencer among them. It means turning of performing assets into non-performing asset directly affecting the profitability of banking sectors.
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Ibrahim, M. Syed. "Trend of Non-performing Assets (NPAS) of Indian Commercial Banks-An Analysis." International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics 8, no. 5 (2019): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.31270/ijame/v08/i05/2019/1.
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Banking and financial institutions play a pivotal role in the development of an economy especially in the mobilization and allocation of resources. The sound financial position of a bank is the guarantee not only to its depositors but equally important for the whole economy of any country. Stability of banking sector is considered to be an essential aspect of any country in the world. The banks are lending funds as loans and advances to various sectors such as agriculture, industry, personal and housing and other to meet the productive use of these funds. In recent situations, the banks are facing the problems of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) and the banks need to be very cautious in extending loans to the needy people, the reason being mounting of NPAs. Now -a –days Non-Performing Assets has been the single largest cause of nuisance of the Indian banking sector. Non-Performing Assets are those assets on which the interest or principal have not been paid by the borrower for the specified period in accordance with the directions/guidelines issued by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) which is the Central Bank of India. The paper emphasizes the conceptual framework of Non-Performing Assets known as NPA in the banking sector. It further discusses and analyses the trend of NPAs in the three sectors of banks namely public sector banks, new private sectors banks and foreign banks for the preceding period of ten years (2007-08 to 2016-17). Finally, this study covers the measures to be taken to reduce the menace of NPA in banks. Keywords: Non-Performing Assets, Scheduled Commercial Banks, Advances, Gross NPA, Net NPA.
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Dr., A. Balagurusamy. "ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL ADEQUACY OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA." International Journal of Current Research and Modern Education 2, no. 2 (2017): 127–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.949377.
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In the present study, an attempt is made to analyze the present position of capital adequacy of selected public sector banks in India. First section includes a brief review of some of the earlier studies. Second section covers the scope, objectives, hypothesis and research methodology. In third section, an attempt is made to analyze the capital adequacy of selected banks namely State Bank of India (SBI), Punjab National Bank (PNB), Bank of Baroda (BOB), Bank of India (BOI) and Canara Bank (CB) in India by using CAMEL Model ratios for a period of 2012-13 to 2016-17. Fourth section covers the conclusion and limitations of the study. To achieve the objectives of the study, the use is made of secondary data collected mainly from Report on Trends and Progress of Banking in India, various journals such RBI Bulletin, IBA Bulletin, etc. To test the statistical significance of the results, one-way ANOVA technique has been used. The results of the study reveal that there is a significant difference in the capital adequacy ratio, ratio of advances to total assets, ratio of government securities to total investments and debt-equity ratio in the selected banks; therefore, null hypothesis is rejected
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Bhatt, Vyomkesh. "A Study of The Evolution of Indian Banking Industry and Its Challenges." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 05, no. 04 (2020): 19–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3821119.
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One of the traits of a developed economy is a well-developed, structured and efficient banking system. A well-developed banking system leads to increasing the efficiency of economy by mobilising savings and allocating them to a higher return investment. The Indian banking industry development can be categorised into the three distinct phases whereby the first phase is characterised by the establishment of the first bank in India- “Bank of Hindustan” to the passing of Banking Regulation Act,1949. The second phase is characterised by the nationalisation of banks in 1969 and the reforms after 1991 are referred to as third phase of Indian banking industry. The paper dwells into the scheduled commercial banks status quo in economy by identifying the largest public sector and private sector banks by market capitalisation, reach of the commercial banks to customer across the nations by analysing the number of branches of largest public sector and private sector banks and ATMs facility provided by the banks. In order to identify the health of the Indian banking industry the present study then examines the credit deposit ratio, non-performing assets and its impact on the profitability of public sector banks. Credit deposit ratio of private sector bank was much higher than the private sector bank where public sector banks had a credit deposit ratio of 69.83% in 2018-19 as compared to 88.26% credit deposit ratio of private sector bank during the same period. The public sector banks NPA in the year 2017-18 was 454473 crore rupees which however reduced to 285123 crore rupees in the year 2018-19. The net NPA as percentage of net advances during this period stood at 4.8%.The growing NPA of public sector banks effected the profitability of banks and lead to a loss of 81752 crore in the year 2018-19. The private sector banks NPA stood at 64380 crore rupees in the year 2017-18 which increased to 67309 in the year 2018-19. The study main objective was to understand the evolution of Indian banking industry and its challenges.
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Nirmal, Kumar Chhimpa Dr. Swati Choudhary. "Comparative Study on Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) Pre and Post Basel III in Indian Banking Sector." International Educational Applied Research Journal 09, no. 04 (2025): 40–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15297868.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> The Indian banking sector, serving as a critical pillar of the country’s economy, has long grappled with the persistent challenge of NPAs—loans or advances that no longer yield returns for banks. The implementation of Basel III regulations, characterized by heightened capital adequacy and risk management standards, sought to fortify banking systems worldwide, including those in India. This study investigates the influence of Basel III on NPAs within the Indian banking industry by contrasting the pre-Basel III era (2005–2012) with the post-Basel III period (2013–2022). Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research utilizes secondary data sourced from RBI and the annual reports of selected public and private sector banks. It evaluates key indicators such as Gross NPA ratios, Net NPA ratios, and provisioning coverage to measure shifts in asset quality. Furthermore, the study examines the role of regulatory initiatives, including the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) and revised RBI guidelines, in shaping NPA management strategies. The findings indicate an overall reduction in NPA ratios following Basel III implementation, attributed to improved risk management practices and recovery frameworks, although public sector banks (PSBs) continue to report comparatively higher levels of NPAs than their private sector counterparts. The analysis highlights the role of Basel III in improving financial stability but underscores persistent challenges, including sectoral vulnerabilities and governance issues in PSBs. The study concludes that while Basel III has positively influenced NPA reduction, sustained efforts in credit appraisal and technological integration are essential for long-term asset quality improvement. Recommendations include strengthening corporate governance and leveraging predictive analytics for early NPA detection. This research contributes to understanding the interplay between global banking regulations and domestic NPA dynamics in India. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Non-Performing Assets, Basel III, Indian Banking Sector, Asset Quality, Public Sector Banks, Private Sector Banks, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code
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Dhar, Satyajit, and Avijit Bakshi. "Determinants of loan losses of Indian Banks: a panel study." Journal of Asia Business Studies 9, no. 1 (2015): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-04-2012-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence the variability of loan losses (termed as non-performing advances or NPA in India) of Indian banks in the public sector during the period of five years from 2001 to 2005. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on a panel approach, which considers both spatial and time dimensions of observations. Panel regression was used to explore the impact of different bank-specific factors on NPAs of 27 public sector banks (PSBs). Standard tests were used to find out suitability of different models of panel data analysis. Eight bank-specific factors were identified for analysis on the basis of review of extant literature. Findings – Certain bank-specific factors, in particular, net interest margin and capital adequacy ratio exhibit negative and significant impact on gross non-performing advances (GNPA) ratio of Indian PSBs. The results also suggest that relative quantum of sensitive sector (SEN) (comprised of commercial real estate, commodity and capital market) advances has a positive relationship with NPA ratio, and such a relationship is statistically significant. Research limitations/implications – The sample is restricted to India and may not be reflective of other countries. The study considers bank-level factors, and there are some macro factors (e.g. gross domestic product, interest rate and inflation rate) which could have explained the variability of GNPA ratio. Practical implications – Provisioning against loan losses is a major issue for stability of the banking system. Identification of appropriate causes of variability of such loan losses is important for managing credit portfolio of a bank. A positive and significant relationship between SEN advances and NPA calls for a more cautionary approach toward lending to those sectors. Originality/value – This paper is believed to be the first attempt to empirically examine the role of bank-specific factors. This study attempts to enrich empirical research in the field and provides an insight into the role of various bank-specific factors on loan losses in the context of Indian PSBs. The study provides contrary evidence regarding the role of priority sector advances on a GNPA ratio.
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Garg, Nitya. "Factors Affecting NPAs in Indian Banking Sector." Paradigm 25, no. 2 (2021): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09718907211035594.
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Banking sector is the backbone of any economy, so it is necessary to focus on its performance which is largely affected by its non-performing assets (NPAs). In the year 2018–2019, NPA of scheduled banks was Rs 355,076 Crore which is 3.7% of net advances. The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants based on analysis from previous literatures, and majorly macroeconomic and bank specific factors which are affecting NPAs using the relative weight analysis and to frame a model to predict future NPAs using multiple regression model using SPSS. The study also attempts to focus on actions and remedies that banks should make to control future NPAs. Findings of the study will act as a scaffolding for financial analysts and policymakers to prevent the conversion of its performing assets into NPAs and also help in proper management of banks and also in the recovery of economy.
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Butola, Punyata, Praveen Dube, and Vijay Kumar Jain. "A Study on Impact of Credit Risk Management on the Profitability of Indian Banks." International Journal of Management and Sustainability 11, no. 3 (2022): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/11.v11i3.3068.
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The main aim of this study is to find a statistical association between credit risk management (CRM) and profitability within Indian banks. Secondary data from 38 Indian scheduled commercial banks was collected, for the time period from 2005-2019 and examined using a panel data regression. For the purpose of this study, return on assets (ROA) is considered a dependent variable and an indicator of profitability, while the credit to deposit ratio (CDR), net interest margin (NIM), operating profits to total assets (OPA), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), provision coverage ratio (PCR) and net non- performing assets to net advances (NNPA) are considered the determinants of CRM and classified as independent variables. The statistical finding indicates that the CDR, OPA and CAR are all positively related to the profit rate (ROA) while NIM, NNPA and PCR all found to be negatively related to the profit rate (ROA) and statistically show a significant association except PCR.
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Kharche, Nilesh R., and Ushmita Gupta. "Study on Comparative Analysis of Rising Non Performing Assets of Bank of Maharashtra and ICICI Bank." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 3, no. 4 (2023): 873–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v3i4.798.
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The banking industry plays a crucial role in the financial and economic growth of a country. A well-functioning banking sector acts as a catalyst in achieving rapid economic development by providing a stable financial system, mobilizing savings, channeling funds to productive sectors, facilitating transactions, and supporting monetary policy. However, one challenge that banks face is the issue of Non-Performing Assets (NPA), which refers to loans that are not repaid by borrowers as per the agreed terms. In conclusion, high levels of NPAs can have several limitations on the banking sector and the economy, including reduced incomes, unrecoverable principal amounts, negative indicators, operational inefficiency, political interference, and constraints on financing for certain sectors. Effective management of NPAs is crucial for maintaining a healthy banking sector and supporting sustainable economic growth. The present comparative study is aim to know NPAs of Bank of Maharashtra(BOM) and ICICI bank the study applied quantitative research method. In this paper, the NPAs of public and private sector banks in India has been compared over a period of last five financial years. It has been observed that the percentage of net NPAs to net advances in public sector banks is varied between 3.1-0.9. In case of private sector banks, it varied between 2.4-0.4. The collected data is analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi square test, etc. This study also identifies the cause of the increasing non-performing assets in the banks and a few suggestions.
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Suresh, K., and Subhendu Kumar Pradhan. "Evaluation of Financial Performance of Banking Sector in India – A Camel Approach." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 4 (2023): e894. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i4.894.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The study examines the financial performances of selected Public Sector Undertaking Banks (PSUB) and Private Sector Banks (PSB). Furthermore, this study examines banks' efficiency concerning various financial aspects such as stability, liquidity, and profitability and their impact on financial performance.
 
 Theoretical framework: Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the financial performance of commercial banks. But after the COVID pandemic, only a few studies were conducted on the performance of banks. However, there is still much to assess regarding the comparative financial performance of public and private sector banks in India.
 
 Design/methodology/approach: The study of financial performance of banks conducted on six PSUB and six PSB are selected based on advances as a percentage of deposits with the top three and bottom three banks from the PSUB and PSB. This research compares PSUB to PSB using a T-test for independent samples. The data is collected from secondary sources gathered from annual and RBI annual reports from 2017 to 2021.
 
 Findings: Results from a comparison test show that, even though PSUB has made a lot of progress, they are still not performing up to the standard that PSB set. According to the report, PSB outperformed PSUB in the areas of CAR, NPA to NA, PPE, ROA, and liquid assets to total deposits concerning the CAMEL approach.
 
 Research, Practical & Social implications: Future studies can consider other indicators of CAMEL components, like the percentage of gross NPA, net profit margin, interest income to total funds, operating expenses to total funds, credit deposit ratio, cash to deposit ratio, and some other samples of banks, to assess the financial performance of banks.
 
 Originality/value: This research focuses on the financial performances of selected PSUBs and PSBs. The findings of this scholarly article state that the performances of the PSBs are the best, which means the PSUBs are lacking towards the customers in their performances. This research may be helpful to the policymakers in the PSUBs to identify their problems and rectify them.
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K Suresh and Subhendu Kumar Pradhan. "Evaluation of Financial Performance of Banking Sector in India – A Camel Approach." International Journal of Professional Business Review 8, no. 5 (2023): e01647. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.1647.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The study examines the financial performances of selected Public Sector Undertaking Banks (PSUB) and Private Sector Banks (PSB). Furthermore, this study examines banks' efficiency concerning various financial aspects such as stability, liquidity, and profitability and their impact on financial performance. Theoretical framework: Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the financial performance of commercial banks. But after the COVID pandemic, only a few studies were conducted on the performance of banks. However, there is still much to assess regarding the comparative financial performance of public and private sector banks in India. Design/methodology/approach: The study of financial performance of banks conducted on six PSUB and six PSB are selected based on advances as a percentage of deposits with the top three and bottom three banks from the PSUB and PSB. This research compares PSUB to PSB using a T-test for independent samples. The data is collected from secondary sources gathered from annual and RBI annual reports from 2017 to 2021. Findings: Results from a comparison test show that, even though PSUB has made a lot of progress, they are still not performing up to the standard that PSB set. According to the report, PSB outperformed PSUB in the areas of CAR, NPA to NA, PPE, ROA, and liquid assets to total deposits concerning the CAMEL approach. Research, Practical & Social implications: Future studies can consider other indicators of CAMEL components, like the percentage of gross NPA, net profit margin, interest income to total funds, operating expenses to total funds, credit deposit ratio, cash to deposit ratio, and some other samples of banks, to assess the financial performance of banks. Originality/value: This research focuses on the financial performances of selected PSUBs and PSBs. The findings of this scholarly article state that the performances of the PSBs are the best, which means the PSUBs are lacking towards the customers in their performances. This research may be helpful to the policymakers in the PSUBs to identify their problems and rectify them.
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Sreevani, D., and Venkata Rao Valluri. "Comparative Analysis of Net NPA's to Net Profit Ratio of Public and Private Sector Banks in India”." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 01 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem40575.
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This study examines the Net NPA to Net Profit ratio of India's public and private sector banks from 2020 to 2024. The study aims to compare the performance of public and private sector banks and identify the factors influencing their Net NPA's to Net Profit ratio. The results show significant differences in the net NPAs to net profit ratio between public and private sector banks. Private sector banks have a higher Net NPA to Net Profit ratio compared to public sector banks. The study also identifies economic factors such as GDP growth rate, inflation rate, and interest rate as significant influencers of the Net NPA's to Net Profit ratio. The findings of this study have implications for bank management, policymakers, and researchers. The study suggests that banks should focus on improving asset quality, enhancing risk management practices, and diversifying revenue streams to improve their Net NPA to Net Profit ratio. Keywords: Net NPA's to Net Profit ratio, public sector banks, private sector banks, India, banking performance.
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Valluri1, Venkata Rao, Dr C. H. Srinivas, and N. Udaya Bhaskar3. "A Comparative Analysis of Non-Performing Assets in District Cooperative Central Banks: Evidence from Rayalaseema Region." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 01 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem40665.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the trend and pattern of non-performing assets (NPAs) in four District Cooperative Central Banks (DCCBs) in the Rayalaseema region of India over seven years from 2015-16 to 2021-22. The study uses various metrics, including gross NPAs, net NPAs, and NPAs as a percentage of total loans, total assets, and deposits. The results show significant differences in NPA levels between the four banks, with CDDCB exhibiting the lowest NPA levels. The study also finds that NPA levels have declined over the period, indicating an improvement in asset quality. The findings have implications for investors, policymakers, and banking sector stakeholders, highlighting the need for effective credit risk management and recovery mechanisms. Keywords: Non-Performing Assets (NPA), District Cooperative Central Bank (DCCB), Chittoor District Cooperative Central Bank (CDCCB), Kadapa District Cooperative Central Bank (KDCCB), Kurnool District Cooperative Central Bank (KUDCCB), Anantapur District Cooperative Central Bank (ADCCB), Net NPA, Gross NPA.
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Peppal, Shivani, and Nidhi Sharma. "A STUDY ON EFFICIENCY OF MERGER AS A TOOL FOR FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN INDIAN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 06 (2023): 506–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17095.
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Merger has become an efficient tool to cop up with financial difficulties in all the industries. In past few years Indian banking Industry is going through so many merger and the recent merger which has been taken place is of bank of Baroda, Dena Bank and Vijaya Bank. This study has been conducted to know the effectiveness of Merger to cope up which financial distress in these selected banks in terms of their Non-Performing Assets. The study has two objectives one is to understand the concept of Non-Performing Assets of Indian banks and second is to examine the impact of merger on financial performance of selected Indian public sector banks. For the analysis for factors i.e. Gross NPA, Net NPA, Percentage of Gross NPA, Percentage of Net NPA and Net Profit or Loss have been considered for the period of ten financial years which was divided into before and after merger period as the merger of selected banks was took place in 2019. The results of the study show that there is a significance difference between the before merger performance and after merger performance of the selected banks.
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Fernández-Fígares, Ignacio, Jose Miguel Rodríguez-López, Lucrecia González-Valero, and Manuel Lachica. "Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: I. Net portal appearance of metabolites." PeerJ 6 (October 31, 2018): e5861. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5861.
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Most valuable cured products from Iberian pigs come from pure bred animals raised for a final grazing-fattening period where pigs eat mainly acorns, a low protein energy rich fruit. This is a nutritional challenge for animals fed equilibrated diets from weaning. The aim of the study was to determine net portal appearance (NPA) of metabolites in gilts fed acorns and evaluate adaptational changes after one week of feeding. Two sampling periods were carried out (after one day and after one week of acorn feeding) with six gilts (34 kg average BW) set up with three catheters: in carotid artery and portal vein for blood sampling, and ileal vein for para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) infusion to measure portal plasma flow (PPF). Pigs were fed at 2.5 × ME for maintenance a standard diet in two portions, at 09:00 (0.25) and 15:00 h (the remaining 0.75). On the day prior to the first sampling period, pigs were fed 2.4 kg of oak acorns. After feeding 0.25 of ration a 6 h serial blood collection was initiated. Following an identical protocol, a second sampling session was performed 1 week later. Adaptation to acorn consumption decreased NPA of ammonia (47%,P < 0.001). Although there was a transfer of urea from the gastrointestinal tract to the circulation in both sampling periods, no differences in NPA of urea was found (P > 0.05). NPA of glucose was not influenced by sampling period (P > 0.05), but NPA of lactate was greatly increased (231%,P < 0.001). There was a negative NPA of albumin although adaptation to acorn feeding did not alter it. Although NPA of triglycerides and cholesterol were unchanged, a subtle increase in arterial and portal cholesterol was noticed (9.6%,P < 0.01). Pigs fed a protein deficient diet for one week adapted decreasing NPA of ammonia for saving metabolic energy as less ammonia would become available for conversion to urea.
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Jayantilal, Shanaliya Hetalben. "A Case Study on Gross and Net Non-performing Assets of State bank of India." Journal of Social Commerce 2, no. 3 (2022): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56209/jommerce.v2i3.33.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of present study is to examine Gross non-performing assets and net non-performing assets of State Bank of India. For the present case study researcher has select five years period of study started from 2015-16 to 2019-20. Researcher has selected five NPA ratios; Gross NPA, Net NPA, Provision coverage ratio, Cash deposit ratio and Interest spread ratio. Chi- square test; time series analysis (Manually calculated) is applied on selected ratios of non-performing assets of State Bank of India. The study found out that there is no significant association in all selected ratios of state bank of India. It means in all the selected financial years ratios of non-performance assets is similar and null hypothesis is accepted. In this era banking sector has major suffer from non-performing assets. State bank of India is oldest bank with higher market capital. The paper investigates NPA of State Bank of India. This study helps to investors & managerial board for decision making.
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Mishra, Bhabani. "AN ANALYSIS OF NON PERFORMING ASSETS OF INDIAN SCHEDULED COMMERCIAL BANKS." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 11 (2021): 476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13766.
Full textAbstract:
Non-performing Asset breaks the recycling procedure of deposit and investment as it does not generate substantial income and blocks the cash flow. The motive of the paper is to conduct comparative analysis among Gross NPA, Net NPA, and Net Profit by adopting correlation, ANOVA, the average for selected bank groups which are analyzed in MS-EXCEL and SPSS. The aggregate data of 16 years from 2004-05 to 2019-20 is taken from the RBI website. Public Sector banks acquire more GNPA and NNPA and less Net Profit as compared to other two due to various reasons explained in this paper. Pearson correlation in SPSS shows that there is strongly negative and significant correlation between net profit and GNPA of public sector bank group which reflects that rising bad assets can reduce the banks’ profitability. But in case of foreign banks group, a strong but positive association between net profit and GNPA is observed. The Private bank group shows no significant association between these two variables. ANOVA test result shows there is a significant difference in the movement of GNPAs and NNPAs (in amounts) for different groups of banks during the study period. But in the case of Net profit, no significant difference was observed for these bank groups.
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Lachica, Manuel, Jose Miguel Rodríguez-López, Lucrecia González-Valero, and Ignacio Fernández-Fígares. "Iberian pig adaptation to acorn consumption: II. Net portal appearance of amino acids." PeerJ 6 (December 18, 2018): e6137. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6137.
Full textAbstract:
In Iberian pig outdoor production, pigs are fed equilibrated diets until the final fattening period when grazing pigs consume mainly acorns from oak trees. Acorns are rich in energy but poor in crude protein where lysine is the first limiting amino acid (AA). Net portal appearance (NPA) is very useful to ascertain AA available for liver and peripheral tissues. The aim of this study was to determine NPA of AA in Iberian gilts fed with acorns and to ascertain if there was an effect of acorn feeding over time. Two sampling periods were carried out (after one day and after one week of acorn feeding) with six gilts (34 kg average BW) set up with three catheters: in carotid artery and portal vein for blood sampling, and ileal vein for a marker infusion to measure portal plasma flow (PPF). Pigs were fed at 2.5 × ME for maintenance a standard diet in two meals, at 09:00 (0.25) and 15:00 h (the remaining 0.75). The day previous to first sampling, pig diet was replaced by 2.4 kg of acorn. A serial blood collection was done at −5 min, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6 h after feeding 0.25 of total daily acorn ration. Following identical protocol, one week later the second sampling was done. NPA of sum of essential AA (EAA) was poor. Although increased NPA of histidine (P < 0.001), leucine, phenylalanine and valine (0.05 < P < 0.08) was found after one week of acorn consumption, the sum of EAA did not change. Furthermore, fractional absorption (NPA/AA intake) of EAA, non-essential AA (NEAA) and total AA was 97, 44 and 49% lower, respectively, at the beginning of eating acorn than a week later. Supplementation, with some of the EAA and NEAA to Iberian pigs during the grazing period would be beneficial to overcome the increased portal-drained viscera (PDV) utilization of AA observed in the present study.
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Shrey Bhupatkar, Shrey Bhupatkar, and Shailesh N. Ransariya. "Measuring NPA Levels and Its Impact on Profitability: A Study of HDFC and ICICI Banks." Journal of Advanced Research in Economics and Administrative Sciences 4, no. 2 (2023): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/jareas.v4i2.606.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: this study attempts to analyse the situations of NPA levels and its impact on Profitability of HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank.
 Approach/Methodology/Design: As the suggested title, data of two banks HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank with aspect of NPA has been taken for the years of 2018 to 2022. The research is secondary in nature and the data collection is done by way of annual reports and the independent samples t-test is applied for the study.
 Findings: The Gross NPA levels and Net NPA levels have shown significant difference. This suggests the NPA levels of both banks are unequal. The return on assets were also found significantly different in both the banks. 
 Practical Implications: This study focuses on aspect of efficiency of private sector banks in accordance with NPA levels. The NPA levels and management of NPA is found to be more effective in tackling NPA situations but the comparative study of NPA will reflect the situations of NPA in private sector banks as well.
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Jerome, Jincy R., and Asha R. Nair. "Role of NPA Provisions in Financial Soundness and Profitability: A study on Primary Co-operative Agricultural and Rural Development Banks in Kollam District, Kerala." Commerce & Business Researcher 14, no. 2 (2021): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.59640/cbr.v14i2.62-68.
Full textAbstract:
Primary Co-operative Agricultural and Rural Development Banks (PCARDBs) means a society has an area of operation confined to a taluk and the principal object of which is to provide long-term credit for agricultural and rural development. One of the dangerous problems faced by co-operative banking is the inability of the borrower to repay their overdue interest and principal, leading to Non-performing Assets (NPA). The presence of NPA had an adverse effect on the profitability and existence of PCARDBs, but they are still surviving with the help of provisions created against NPA. Provisioning means the portion of income set aside by the bank to meet contingent losses that may arise in the event of non-recovery of loans. By analysing the data collected from the financial statements of the six PCARDBs in Kollam district, it can be understood that the growth in NPA involves the necessity of provisions which bring down the overall profitability of the bank. But if the banks are capable to create such provisions from net profit, it helps to maintain the financial soundness of banks. The study is based on the data collected from financial statements of six PCARDBs in Kollam District and the results show higher provisioning for overdue which results net loss in the financial statements of banks
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Lachica, Manuel, José Miguel Rodríguez-López, Lucrecia González-Valero, and Ignacio Fernández-Fígares. "Net Portal Appearance of Amino Acids in Iberian and Landrace Pigs Fed Different Protein Content in the Diet." Animals 13, no. 7 (2023): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13071263.
Full textAbstract:
Iberian pigs have low rates of muscle protein deposition compared with modern breeds. Differences in net portal appearance (NPA) of amino acids (AA) might partially explain that. NPA of AA was measured in six Iberian and six Landrace gilts (28 kg) fitted with catheters in portal and mesenteric (para-aminohippuric acid infusion) veins, and carotid artery. Blood samples from porta and artery were simultaneously taken at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, and 6-h after feeding two isoenergetic diets (14–14.5 MJ metabolizable energy/kg dry matter) with different crude protein (145 (LCP) and 187 (HCP) g/kg dry matter) content. NPA of essential AA (EAA) and non-essential AA (NEAA) was lower (p < 0.05) in Iberian than Landrace pigs, and in LCP than HCP diet. Fractional absorption (NPA/AA intake) of EAA, NEAA, and total AA was, respectively, 36, 49, and 44% lower in LCP than HCP diet in Iberian pigs; and 8, 2, and 4% greater in Landrace pigs. Fractional absorption of EAA, NEAA, and total AA was 42, 68, and 60% lower in Iberian than Landrace pigs fed LPC diet; and 1, 36, and 26% when fed the HCP diet. NPA of AA may partially explain the low growth rate of Iberian pigs.
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A, Saba. "Forensic Toxicology: Advances in the Identification of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS)." International Journal of Forensic Sciences 10, no. 1 (2025): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000432.
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New Psychoactive Substances is one of the biggest challenges for forensic toxicology. Artificially manufactured drugs that are aimed at mimicking the effects of substances that are under legal regulations commonly present unique challenges regarding identification and detection
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D., Premaselvaraji, and Murugasen V. "A STUDY ON EFFECT OF NPA ON PROFIT AND MARKET CAPITALISATION." International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education 2, no. 1 (2017): 109–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.583219.
Full textAbstract:
A bank is a financial institution that serves as a financial intermediary. A central bank circulates money on behalf of a government and acts as its monetary authority by implementing monetary policy, which regulates the money supply. A commercial bank accepts deposits and pools those funds to provide credit, either directly by lending, or indirectly by investing through the capital markets. The study was analyzed based on comparing the gross and net NPA’s of five different banks for the last five years with market capitalisation of the banks and for this purpose percentage analysis, correlation and regression were used as tools to analyse the secondary data. The conclusion is that the percentage difference between the banks was low in the last year. The correlation of all the banks are nearby 1 which shows that the gross and net NPA of the banks and market capitalisation are directly proportional with each other and gross and NPA has an impact on market capitalisation of the banks.
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Yater, J. E. "Secondary electron emission and vacuum electronics." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 5 (2023): 050901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0130972.
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Secondary electron emission serves as the foundation for a broad range of vacuum electronic devices and instrumentation, from particle detectors and multipliers to high-power amplifiers. While secondary yields of at least 3–4 are required in practical applications, the emitter stability can be compromised by surface dynamics during operation. As a result, the range of practical emitter materials is limited. The development of new emitter materials with high yield and robust operation would advance the state-of-the-art and enable new device concepts and applications. In this Perspective article, I first present an analysis of the secondary emission process, with an emphasis on the influence of material properties. From this analysis, ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors and oxides emerge as superior emitter candidates owing to exceptional surface and transport properties that enable a very high yield of low-energy electrons with narrow energy spread. Importantly, exciting advances are being made in the development of promising UWBG semiconductors such as diamond, cubic boron nitride (c-BN), and aluminum nitride (AlN), as well as UWBG oxides with improved conductivity and crystallinity. These advances are enabled by epitaxial growth techniques that provide control over the electronic properties critical to secondary electron emission, while advanced theoretical tools provide guidance to optimize these properties. Presently, H-terminated diamond offers the greatest opportunity because of its thermally stable negative electron affinity (NEA). In fact, an electron amplifier under development exploits the high yield from this NEA surface, while more robust NEA diamond surfaces are demonstrated with potential for high yields in a range of device applications. Although c-BN and AlN are less mature, they provide opportunities to design novel heterostructures that can enhance the yield further.
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Vinay, A., Paras S. Khurana, T. B. Sudarshan, et al. "AFMB-Net." Tehnički glasnik 16, no. 4 (2022): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20220403080215.
Full textAbstract:
With advances in deepfake generating technology, it is getting increasingly difficult to detect deepfakes. Deepfakes can be used for many malpractices such as blackmail, politics, social media, etc. These can lead to widespread misinformation and can be harmful to an individual or an institution’s reputation. It has become important to be able to identify deepfakes effectively, while there exist many machine learning techniques to identify them, these methods are not able to cope up with the rapidly improving GAN technology which is used to generate deepfakes. Our project aims to identify deepfakes successfully using machine learning along with Heart Rate Analysis. The heart rate identified by our model is unique to each individual and cannot be spoofed or imitated by a GAN and is thus susceptible to improving GAN technology. To solve the deepfake detection problem we employ various machine learning models along with heart rate analysis to detect deepfakes.
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R.Perumal and P.Anilkumar. "NPA Management in Banks: An Indian Perspective." Shanlax International Journal of Management 6, no. 2 (2018): 7–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1473306.
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Non-performing Asset (NPA) has risen since over ten years as a disturbing risk to the managing an accounting industry in our Nation sending troubling signs on the supportability and bearableness of the influenced banks. An abnormal state of NPAs proposes a high likelihood of an expansive number of credit defaults that influence the gainfulness and total assets of banks and furthermore dissolves the estimation of the benefit. The issue of NPAs isn’t just influencing the banks yet additionally the entire economy. The paper manages understanding the idea of NPAs, its extent and real reasons for a record getting to be non-performing and furthermore techniques for diminishing NPAs.
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.N, Bhaarathi, and M. Thilagavathi. "The Factors Influencing the Non-Performing Assets in the Indian Banking Sector: An Economic Analysis." International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 9, no. 10 (2018): 21080–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/10/607.
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Non-Performing Assets are a burning topic of concern for the public sector banks, as managing and controlling NPA is very important. The current paper with the help of secondary data, from RBI website, tried to analyse the 8 years, (2010-2018) net non-performing asset data of 26 public sector banks, by using Hausman test statistics, and with the help of Stata software. The main objective of the study is to find out the factors influencing the Non-Performing Assets in the Indian Banking Sector. This paper also focuses on the reason behind the NPA and its impact on banking operations.
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Meghanathi, Priyanka, and Seema M. Dodiya. "A Study on Non-Performing Assets (NPA) of Selected Private Sector Banks in India." Journal of Social Commerce 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56209/jommerce.v1i1.4.
Full textAbstract:
The banking industry is critical to the success of any economy since it satisfies societal requirements. A bank is a financial entity that provides its clients with a variety of banking and other financial services. India's banking industry has been grappling with mounting non-performing assets. The rise of Non-Performing Assets has a significant impact on a bank's profitability. This research was undertaken in order to analyze the non-performing assets of a sample of chosen private sector banks in India. For that purpose, the researcher chose the top four private sector banks, namely HDFC bank, ICICI bank, Axis bank, and Indusland bank, based on their net sales from 2016-17 to 2020-21. To analyze non-performing assets in a selected private sector in India, gross non-performing assets (NPAs), net non-performing assets (NPAs), and net profit ratios were chosen. To test the hypothesis, the researcher employed a one-way ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The study's primary conclusions include that HDFC bank's average GNPA and average NNPA are the lowest in the industry, while ICICI banks are the highest.
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Meghanathi, Priyanka, and Seema M. Dodiya. "A Study on Non-Performing Assets (NPA) of Selected Private Sector Banks in India." Journal of Social Commerce 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56209/jsc.v1i1.4.
Full textAbstract:
The banking industry is critical to the success of any economy since it satisfies societal requirements. A bank is a financial entity that provides its clients with a variety of banking and other financial services. India's banking industry has been grappling with mounting non-performing assets. The rise of Non-Performing Assets has a significant impact on a bank's profitability. This research was undertaken in order to analyze the non-performing assets of a sample of chosen private sector banks in India. For that purpose, the researcher chose the top four private sector banks, namely HDFC bank, ICICI bank, Axis bank, and Indusland bank, based on their net sales from 2016-17 to 2020-21. To analyze non-performing assets in a selected private sector in India, gross non-performing assets (NPAs), net non-performing assets (NPAs), and net profit ratios were chosen. To test the hypothesis, the researcher employed a one-way ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The study's primary conclusions include that HDFC bank's average GNPA and average NNPA are the lowest in the industry, while ICICI banks are the highest.
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Sidhu, Anureet Virk, Shailesh Rastogi, Rajani Gupte, Aashi Rawal, and Bhakti Agarwal. "Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) and Bank Performance: A Study of the Indian Banks." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 15, no. 11 (2022): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15110527.
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The present study examines the impact of the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) on the performance of Indian commercial banks from 2010 to 2021. The study further investigates how the relationship between liquidity and performance varies under the influence of bank-specific factors such as ownership structure (Promoter vs. Institutional investors). Bank performance is evaluated using a two-fold approach—Profitability measures (NIMs and ROA) and NPA levels of banks. Using the Dynamic panel data regression technique, we find that the relationship between NSFR and NIMs is negative, implying that bank NIMs tend to decline as banks comply with NSFR regulation. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the inverse relationship between NSFR and bank NIMs becomes more profound when promoters’ stakes are high. Finally, the results highlight that for banks with higher institutional holdings, NPA levels witness an upward trend as the NSFR ratio increases. From a policy perspective, study results will help policymakers understand how changes in liquidity levels impact the wider banking sector and guide them on the overall direction in which to progress with the reforms.
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Ahmed, Mohammed Mustafa. "Impact of Non-Performing Assets on the Profitability of Banks: With reference to Cihan Bank." Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences 18, no. 60, 1 (2023): 799–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjaes.18.60.1.44.
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Banking services are subject to a variety of hazards, including credit quality, liquidity, interests’ risk, market risk, operating risk, and management risk. The greatest exceptional risk is default on a loan. The level of non-performing assets or the redemption loans determine a bank's sound financial status (NPAs). And that the rise in nonperforming assets (NPAs) necessitated more judgment, resulting in poorer bank profitability overall. The main thing to remember is that decreasing the number of nonperforming assets (NPAs) is necessary for banks to increase their profitability. The impact of nonperforming assets (NPAs) on Cihan Bank's profitability is investigated in this research. This was done in order to achieve the objective of the study represented in evaluating the nonperforming assets of Cihan Bank. And their impact on profitability. As well as to determine the relationship between net profit and total net NPA, ROA, and ROE. Cihan Bank's collected from the annual report are used in this study, which spans four years from 2017 to 2020. The correlation coefficient was used to assess the data. The study discovered that the NPA characteristics and also the profitability variables have a substantial negative relationship.
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Dr O. P. Gupta and Neetu Dongre. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BANKS." International Journal of Research in Commerce and Management Studies 06, no. 02 (2024): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.38193/ijrcms.2024.6206.
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In the dynamic world of finance, banks play a pivotal role in economic stability and growth, and analysing their financial performance is crucial for investors, regulators, and policymakers. This study offers a comparative analysis of the financial performance of banks over five years (2018-19 to 2022- 23), underscoring their importance in the financial ecosystem. It evaluates profitability, asset quality, and liquidity, key indicators of a bank's health and efficiency. Profitability is assessed through Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Interest Margin (NIM), while Asset Quality is gauged using Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets (NPA) ratios, and the Credit Deposit Ratio. Liquidity is examined via Liquid Assets to Total Assets and Liquid Assets to Demand Deposits ratios. Employing ratio analysis and a correlation matrix, the research uncovers trends and interrelationships in these financial metrics. The findings reveal an overall enhancement in profitability and asset quality, with notable increases in ROA and ROE and a decline in NPA ratios. Liquidity analysis shows varying trends. This study provides critical insights into the banking sector's financial health, highlighting areas of strength and potential risk, essential for informed decision-making and strategic planning in the financial industry.
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Raaj Saasthaa Arumuga Kumar, Eeshu, Piotr Darnowski, Mihir Kiritbhai Pancholi, and Aleksandra Dzido. "Thorium application in the medium-sized sodium-cooled fast reactor." E3S Web of Conferences 137 (2019): 01030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913701030.
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The report presents an analysis of the medium-sized Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) core with Thorium-based Mixed-Oxide fuel. The introduction of Transuranics (TRU) to the fuel was to allow long-lived nuclear waste incineration. The studied core is based on the modified Advanced Burner Reactor (ABR) 1000MWth core design, which was analysed in the OECD/NEA “Benchmark for Neutronic Analysis of Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor Cores with Various Fuel Types and Core Sizes”. The full-core simulations with SERPENT 2.1.31 Monte Carlo computer code and ENDF library were performed, including static criticality and fuel burnup calculations for five fuel cycles. The core inventories at the Beginning of Cycle (BOC) and End of Cycle (EOC) were studied, and the impact of thorium fuel was assessed. The proposed core design is a burner reactor which uses thorium fuel. The excess core reactivity stays positive for long time despite large net consumption of transuranic elements as new fissile Uranium 233 is constantly breed from Thorium 232. Breeding of uranium allows longer fuel cycles.
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Gupta, O. P., and Neetu Dongre. "IMPACT OF NPA (NON-PERFORMING ASSETS) ON THE PROFITABILITY PERFORMANCE OF THE SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANK." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 04 (2024): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18557.
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The banking sectors performance is crucial for any economy as it reflects the countrys financial health. Banks play a crucial role in mobilising funds from various sectors of the economy, including both priority and non-priority sectors, to finance diverse economic activities.For many years, the banking industry has faced significant challenges due to unrecovered loans.The presence of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) has significantly hindered the development and growth of the economy.This study delves into the impact of NPAs on the profitability performance of selected public and private sector banks in India from 2018-19 to 2022-23. Analysing key ratios like Gross NPA, Net NPA, and Return on Assets (ROA), sheds light on the relationship between NPAs and bank performance. The findings highlight higher NPA levels in public sector banks, adversely affecting their profitability. Moreover, a significant correlation between NPAs and profitability underscores the imperative of effective NPA management for enhancing bank profitability. These insights are crucial for bank management, policymakers, and regulators to devise strategies for mitigating NPAs and fortifying the banking sector.
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Dr., Dhananjay M. Chandanshive. "Status of Gross and Net Advances of Public Sector Banks During 2010-11 To 2019-20." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research S6, no. 19 (2025): 593–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15111173.
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<em>Indian public sector banks play a vital role in overall social economic development of the nation. Present research paper focuses on the status of gross and net advances of public sector banks during 2010-11 to 2019-20. In this research paper it is important to mention the meaning and importance of gross advances and net advances of public sector banks. It is found that Indian public sector banking year on year importantly increased more numbers of beneficiaries and advances also. In this research paper the difference between gross advances and net advances also explain. After so many banking sector reforms banks profitability and efficiency was increased. Ultimately it is found that Indian public sector banking provides different types of short run as well as long run advances to needed ones</em>
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Mahmoud A. Elawi, Khalid H. Mahdi, and Rasha W. Kleib. "INVESTIGATION OF GAMMA-RAYSATTENUATION IN METALLIC POWDERS USING GAMMA- GAMMACOINCIDENCE METHOD." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 22, no. 12 (2023): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i12.937.
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Gamma-rays attenuation in metallic powders is investigated using coincidence technique with two 3ʺx3ʺ NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors. Na-22 source isused with 0.4µCi activity and resolving time registered was 6.7 ns. Linear attenuation coefficient (L.A.C) measurements were carried out at 511keV energy for Fe3O4 and ZrSiO4 metallic powders with uniform 100µm grains size and Fe sheets locally available (for comparison) with different thicknesses. The L.A.C values (in cm-1) calculated from direct spectra were 0.2705, 0.2641and 0.6239 for the materials respectively. The L.A.C values calculated from coincidence spectra using net peak area NPA were 0.2363, 0.2152 and 0.6231 and with using gross peak area GA were 0.2092, 0.1974 and 0.5261 respectively. The mass attenuation coefficient M.A.C (in cm²/g) for Fe sheets from direct spectra was 0.0792 and from coincidence spectra was 0.0791 and 0.0660 for NPA and GA respectively. The ratio of L.A.C from coincidence spectrum / L.A.C from direct spectrum were 0.7733, 0.7474 and 0.8432 using GA and 0.8735, 0.8148 and 0,9987 using NPA respectively.
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Blahoianu, Andrei, and Alejandro Huerta. "OECD/NEA Activities to Support Long Term Operation." Journal of Disaster Research 5, no. 6 (2010): 707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0707.
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The Integrity and Aging of Components and Structures Working Group (IAGE) of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)/Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) was established under the Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations (CSNI) for three reasons: (i) to advance the current understanding of those aspects relevant to ensuring the integrity of structures, systems, and components ; (ii) to provide for guidance in choosing the optimal ways to handle challenges to the integrity of operating as well as new nuclear power plants, and (iii) to take an integrated approach to design, safety, and nuclear power plant life management. The group operates through annual plenary meetings and technical workshops and by issuing state-of-the-art reports and topical opinion papers. This paper details some recent IAGE activities and products, focusing on those dealing with the degradationmechanisms of metal and concrete components.
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Wadhwa, Ritu, and Kartik Ramaswamy. "Impact of NPA on Profitability of Banks." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Management Sciences 4, no. 3 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2020.v04i03.001.
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The main source of growth for Indian Economy is Banks. Everyone has different needs like someone require loan to buy a house, to buy an equipment for farming etc. and these needs are fulfilled by the financial sector of India which comprises of banks, NBFC, cooperative societies etc. NPA (Non-Performing Asset) is a critical factor which has adversely impacted the development and growth of the economy. This research discusses the impact of NPAs on the profits of banks. This research attempts to analyze the impact of few important financial heads on NPAs of banks and to suggest on effective management of NPAs. According to RBI data, five banks (public and private) with highest NPAs were taken for the study for period 2014-2015 to 2018-2019. The research applied correlation analysis to compute the relationship between net profits and NPAs and multiple regression analysis to determine the impact of important financial heads on NPAs.