Relevant bibliographies by topics / NO2 detection

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'NO2 detection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "NO2 detection"

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Nielsen, Michael, Lars Hauer Larsen, Mike S. M. Jetten, and Niels Peter Revsbech. "Bacterium-Based NO2− Biosensor for Environmental Applications." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 11 (2004): 6551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.11.6551-6558.2004.

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ABSTRACT A sensitive NO2 − biosensor that is based on bacterial reduction of NO2 − to N2O and subsequent detection of the N2O by a built-in electrochemical N2O sensor was developed. Four different denitrifying organisms lacking NO3 − reductase activity were assessed for use in the biosensor. The relevant physiological aspects examined included denitrifying characteristics, growth rate, NO2 − tolerance, and temperature and salinity effects on the growth rate. Two organisms were successfully used in the biosensor. The preferred organism was Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens, which is an organism with a denitrifying pathway deficient in both NO3 − and N2O reductases. Alternatively Alcaligenes faecalis could be used when acetylene was added to inhibit its N2O reductase. The macroscale biosensors constructed exhibited a linear NO2 − response at concentrations up to 1 to 2 mM. The detection limit was around 1 μM NO2 −, and the 90% response time was 0.5 to 3 min. The sensor signal was specific for NO2 −, and interference was observed only with NH2OH, NO, N2O, and H2S. The sensor signal was affected by changes in temperature and salinity, and calibration had to be performed in a system with a temperature and an ionic strength comparable to those of the medium analyzed. A broad range of water bodies could be analyzed with the biosensor, including freshwater systems, marine systems, and oxic-anoxic wastewaters. The NO2 − biosensor was successfully used for long-term online monitoring in wastewater. Microscale versions of the NO2 − biosensor were constructed and used to measure NO2 − profiles in marine sediment.
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Higgins, Steven A., Allana Welsh, Luis H. Orellana, et al. "Detection and Diversity of Fungal Nitric Oxide Reductase Genes (p450nor) in Agricultural Soils." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 10 (2016): 2919–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00243-16.

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ABSTRACTMembers of the Fungi convert nitrate (NO3−) and nitrite (NO2−) to gaseous nitrous oxide (N2O) (denitrification), but the fungal contributions to N loss from soil remain uncertain. Cultivation-based methodologies that include antibiotics to selectively assess fungal activities have limitations, and complementary molecular approaches to assign denitrification potential to fungi are desirable. Microcosms established with soils from two representative U.S. Midwest agricultural regions produced N2O from added NO3−or NO2−in the presence of antibiotics to inhibit bacteria. Cultivation efforts yielded 214 fungal isolates belonging to at least 15 distinct morphological groups, 151 of which produced N2O from NO2−. Novel PCR primers targeting thep450norgene, which encodes the nitric oxide (NO) reductase responsible for N2O production in fungi, yielded 26 novelp450noramplicons from DNA of 37 isolates and 23 amplicons from environmental DNA obtained from two agricultural soils. The sequences shared 54 to 98% amino acid identity with reference P450nor sequences within the phylumAscomycotaand expand the known fungal P450nor sequence diversity.p450norwas detected in all fungal isolates that produced N2O from NO2−, whereasnirK(encoding the NO-forming NO2−reductase) was amplified in only 13 to 74% of the N2O-forming isolates using two separatenirKprimer sets. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the value ofp450nor-targeted PCR to complement existing approaches to assess the fungal contributions to denitrification and N2O formation.IMPORTANCEA comprehensive understanding of the microbiota controlling soil N loss and greenhouse gas (N2O) emissions is crucial for sustainable agricultural practices and addressing climate change concerns. We report the design and application of a novel PCR primer set targeting fungalp450nor, a biomarker for fungal N2O production, and demonstrate the utility of the new approach to assess fungal denitrification potential in fungal isolates and agricultural soils. These new PCR primers may find application in a variety of biomes to assess the fungal contributions to N loss and N2O emissions.
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Sayago, Isabel, Carlos Sánchez-Vicente, and José Pedro Santos. "Highly Sensitive and Selective SnO2-Gr Sensor Photoactivated for Detection of Low NO2 Concentrations at Room Temperature." Nanomaterials 14, no. 24 (2024): 1994. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14241994.

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Chemical nanosensors based on nanoparticles of tin dioxide and graphene-decorated tin dioxide were developed and characterized to detect low NO2 concentrations. Sensitive layers were prepared by the drop casting method. SEM/EDX analyses have been used to investigate the surface morphology and the elemental composition of the sensors. Photoactivation of the sensors allowed for detecting ultra-low NO2 concentrations (100 ppb) at room temperature. The sensors showed very good sensitivity and selectivity to NO2 with low cross-responses to the other pollutant gases tested (CO and CH4). The effect of humidity and the presence of graphene on sensor response were studied. Comparative studies revealed that graphene incorporation improved sensor performance. Detections in complex atmosphere (CO + NO2 or CH4 + NO2, in humid air) confirmed the high selectivity of the graphene sensor in near-real conditions. Thus, the responses were of 600%, 657% and 540% to NO2 (0.5 ppm), NO2 (0.5 ppm) + CO (5 ppm) and NO2 (0.5 ppm) + CH4 (10 ppm), respectively. In addition, the detection mechanisms were discussed and the possible redox equations that can change the sensor conductance were also considered.
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Peng, Kaiyan, Qiang Li, Mingwei Ma, et al. "Acidic Gas Determination Using Indium Tin Oxide-Based Gas Sensors." Sensors 24, no. 4 (2024): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24041286.

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This work has presented gas sensors based on indium tin oxide (ITO) for the detection of SO2 and NO2. The ITO gas-sensing material was deposited by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The properties of gas sensing could be improved by increasing the ratio of SnO2. The response characteristics of the gas sensor for detecting different concentrations of NO2 and SO2 were investigated. In the detection of NO2, the sensitivity was significantly improved by increasing the SnO2 ratio in ITO by 5%, and the response and recovery time were reduced significantly. However, the sensitivity of the sensor decreased with increasing SO2 concentration. From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, the gas-sensitive response mechanisms were different in the atmosphere of NO2 and SO2. The NO2 was adsorbed by ITO via physisorption but the SO2 had a chemical reaction with the ITO surface. The gas selectivity, temperature dependence, and environmental humidity of ITO-based gas sensors were systematically analyzed. The high detection sensitivity for acidic gas of the prepared sensor presented great potential for acid rain monitoring.
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Ju, Wonbin, and Sungbae Lee. "Capacitive NO2 Detection Using CVD Graphene-Based Device." Nanomaterials 13, no. 2 (2023): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13020243.

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A graphene-based capacitive NO2 sensing device was developed by utilizing the quantum capacitance effect. We have used a graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET) device whose geometrical capacitance is enhanced by incorporating an aluminum back-gate electrode with a naturally oxidized aluminum surface as an insulating layer. When the graphene, the top-side of the device, is exposed to NO2, the quantum capacitance of graphene and, thus, the measured capacitance of the device, changed in accordance with NO2 concentrations ranging from 1–100 parts per million (ppm). The operational principle of the proposed system is also explained with the changes in gate voltage-dependent capacitance of the G-FET exposed to various concentrations of NO2. Further analyses regarding carrier density changes and potential variances under various concentrations of NO2 are also presented to strengthen the argument. The results demonstrate the feasibility of capacitive NO2 sensing using graphene and the operational principle of capacitive NO2 sensing.
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Li, Wenbo, Hao Li, Rong Qian, Shangjun Zhuo, Pengfei Ju, and Qiao Chen. "CTAB Enhanced Room-Temperature Detection of NO2 Based on MoS2-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid." Nanomaterials 12, no. 8 (2022): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12081300.

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A new NO2 nanohybrid of a gas sensor (CTAB-MoS2/rGO) was constructed for sensitive room-temperature detection of NO2 by 3D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), assisted with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). In comparison with MoS2 and MoS2/rGO, the BET and SEM characterization results depicted the three-dimensional structure of the CTAB-MoS2/rGO nanohybrid, which possessed a larger specific surface area to provide more active reaction sites to boost its gas-sensing performance. Observations of the gas-sensing properties indicated that the CTAB-MoS2/rGO sensor performed a high response of 45.5% for 17.5 ppm NO2, a remarkable selectivity of NO2, an ultra-low detection limit of 26.55 ppb and long-term stability for a 30-day measurement. In addition, the response obtained for the CTAB-MoS2/rGO sensor was about two to four times that obtained for the MoS2/rGO sensor and the MoS2 sensor toward 8 ppm NO2, which correlated with the heterojunction between MoS2 and rGO, and the improvement in surface area and conductivity correlated with the introduction of CTAB and rGO. The excellent performance of the CTAB-MoS2/rGO sensor further suggested the advantage of CTAB in assisting a reliable detection of trace NO2 and an alternative method for highly efficiently detecting NO2 in the environment.
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Lima, J. P., H. Vargas, A. Miklós, M. Angelmahr, and P. Hess. "Photoacoustic detection of NO2 and N2O using quantum cascade lasers." Applied Physics B 85, no. 2-3 (2006): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-006-2357-0.

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Dransfeld, P., J. Lukacs-Paal, and H. Gg Wagner. "Direct Measurements of the Isotope Exchange Reactions between 18OH and NO, NO2, N2O and O2." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 11 (1986): 1283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-1103.

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The isotope exchange reactions between 18OH and NO, NO2, N2O and O2 were studied at room temperature in a discharge flow system with laser magnetic resonance detection of 18OH and 16OH. Exchange rate constants of where obtained for NO and NO2, respectively. Upper limits of k < 1 · 108 cm3/mol s can be reported for the reactionsThe results are compared with recombination rate data in the limit of high pressures and with vibrational deactivation measurements.
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Aleem, Mahaboobbatcha, Yilu Zhou, Swati Deswal, Bongmook Lee, and Veena Misra. "Novel Sequential Detection of NO2 and C2H5OH in SnO2 MEMS Arrays for Enhanced Selectivity in E-Nose Applications." Chemosensors 12, no. 12 (2024): 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12120268.

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This study explores the surface chemistry and electrical responses of ultra-high-sensitivity SnO2 MEMS arrays to enable a novel sequential detection methodology for detecting nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ethanol (C2H5OH) as a route to achieve selective gas sensing in electronic nose (E-nose) applications. Utilizing tin oxide (SnO2) thin films deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD), the array achieves the lowest reported detection limits of 8 parts per billion (ppb) for NO2. The research delves into the detection mechanisms of NO2 and C2H5OH, both individually and in subsequent exposures, assessing the sensor’s dynamic response across various operating temperatures. It demonstrates rapid response and recovery times, with averages of 48 s and 277 s for NO2 and 40 and 48 for C2H5OH. Understanding the role of individual gases on the SnO2 surface chemistry is paramount in discerning subsequent gas exposure behavior. The oxidizing behavior of C2H5OH following NO2 exposure is attributed to interactions between NO2 and oxygen vacancies on the SnO2 surface, which leads to the formation of nitrate or nitrite species. These species subsequently influence interactions with C2H5OH, inducing oxidizing properties, and need to be carefully considered. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to further improve the sensor’s capability to precisely identify and quantify gas mixtures, improving its applicability for real-time monitoring in complex scenarios.
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Ren, Xiaowei, Ze Xu, Zhongtai Zhang, and Zilong Tang. "Enhanced NO2 Sensing Performance of ZnO-SnO2 Heterojunction Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks." Nanomaterials 12, no. 21 (2022): 3726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12213726.

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Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is the major reason for acid rain and respiratory illness in humans. Therefore, rapid, portable, and effective detection of NO2 is essential. Herein, a novel and simple method to construct a ZnO-SnO2 heterojunction is fabricated by pyrolysis of bimetallic metal organic frameworks. The sensitivity of ZnO-SnO2 heterojunction towards 0.2 ppm NO2 under 180 °C is 37, which is 3 times that of pure ZnO and SnO2. The construction of heterojunction speeds up the response-recovery process, and this kind of material exhibits lower detection limit. The construction of heterojunction can significantly improve the NO2 sensitivity. The selectivity, stability, and moisture resistance of ZnO-SnO2 heterojunction are carried out. This could enable the realization of highly selective and sensitive portable detection of NO2.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NO2 detection"

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Morelli, Laura. "Study of graphene-based gas sensors functionalized with gold nanoparticles for NO2 detection." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17577/.

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Obiettivo della tesi è la ricerca di un metodo volto a migliorare le attuali prestazioni dei sensori di gas realizzati in grafene. Negli ultimi anni il grafene ha attirato particolare attenzione nel campo dei sensori di gas. Tuttavia, l’utilizzo del grafene presenta limitazioni che rendono difficile lo sviluppo di sensori utilizzabili commercialmente. Tra queste, la mancanza di selettività, nonché la difficoltà del segnale a raggiungere la saturazione e a ritornare al livello iniziale durante la fase di ripristino, rappresentano i maggiori ostacoli. La funzionalizzazione del grafene risulta essere tra i metodi più promettenti per rimediare alle predette limitazioni. Nella tesi, l’oggetto della ricerca è un resistore chimico, il cui materiale sensibile è costituito da grafene multi-strato realizzato tramite deposizione chimica da fase vapore. Il processo di funzionalizzazione scelto si basa sulla deposizione di nanoparticelle di oro sulla superficie del grafene multi-strato. Le caratteristiche fisiche ed elettriche del materiale e le prestazioni del sensore vengono analizzate e confrontate prima e dopo il processo di funzionalizzazione. In particolare, la tesi sviluppa i seguenti punti: Nel Capitolo 1 vengono introdotte le caratteristiche fisiche ed elettriche del grafene, e le sue potenzialità nelle applicazioni di tipo "gas-sensing". Nel Capitolo 2 viene presentato lo stato dell’arte sul processo di funzionalizzazione. Il Capitolo 3 contiene le analisi delle caratteristiche fisiche ed elettriche del materiale, esaminando le differenze riscontrate dopo la funzionalizzazione. I risultati dei test su gas, prima e dopo la funzionalizzazione, sono presentati nel Capitolo 4. SI usa NO2 come "target gas", N2 come gas portante. Per alcuni test, una percentuale di umidità relativa viene aggiunta al flusso di gas. Infine, i risultati vengono confrontati e discussi in dettaglio.
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Villena, Tapia Guillermo Harold [Verfasser]. "Development and Application of a new Long Path Absorption Photometer (LOPAP) Instrument for the Sensitive Detection of NO2 / Guillermo Harold Villena Tapia." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1046605909/34.

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Helli, Omar. "Multicapteurs de gaz pour la conception d'un nez électronique de surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique : application à la detection de NO2 et H2S dans une atmosphère humide chargée de CO2." Metz, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2003/Helli.Omar.SMZ0303.pdf.

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Les systèmes multicapteurs de gaz intelligents connaissent actuellement un développement accru pour de nombreux domaines d'application. Inscrite dans le large domaine de la lutte contre la pollution atmosphérique, notre étude a pour but principal la détection de deux gaz polluants antagonistes le sulfure d'hydrogène H2S, réducteur, et le dioxyde d'azote, NO2, oxydant. Après avoir situé ce sujet dans le cadre de la pollution atmosphérique, puis présenté le principe des nez électroniques, nous justifions notre choix d'une matrice de capteurs à base d'oxyde métallique, et mettons en évidence les avantages et inconvénients de ces capteurs. L'inconvénient majeur est leur sensibilité croisée, qui peut devenir un avantage par l'utilisation de méthodes de reconnaissance de formes. Les deux gaz sont étudiés seuls ou en mélange, successivement dans trois atmosphères, de plus en plus complexes. Les concentrations étudiées correspondent à une pollution industrielle près d'une source émissive. De chaque réponse des capteurs obtenue lors de la procédure systématique de caractérisation, nous avons extrait trois variables représentatives communes à toutes les mesures et une quatrième correspondant à un "pic" négatif spécifique de la réponse de tous les capteurs à H2S, non utilisé dans l'analyse de données, car il n'apparaît pas toujours dans les mélanges. Nous avons construit une base de données d'apprentissage de notre système (environ 1000 mesures) étudiée à l'aide de l'analyse factorielle discriminante, méthode multidimensionnelle supervisée. Nous obtenons identification et quantification des atmosphères gazeuses, en procédant par étapes qui tiennent compte notamment des atmosphères de références. Une identification rapide est obtenue avec deux variables représentatives, valable pour la détection d'un seuil. Grâce aux règles de décision fiables obtenues, nous proposons une méthode d'indentification d'atmosphères inconnues directement exploitable par des utilisateurs
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Helli, Omar Lumbreras Martine. "Multicapteurs de gaz pour la conception d'un nez électronique de surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique Application à la detection de NO2 et H2S dans une atmosphère humide chargée de CO2 /." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2003/Helli.Omar.SMZ0303.pdf.

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Durand, Brieux. "Conception et réalisation d'une nouvelle génération de nano-capteurs de gaz à base de nanofils semi-conducteurs." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30240.

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Au cours des dernières années, les efforts de recherche et de développement pour les capteurs de gaz se sont orientés vers l'intégration de nanomatériaux afin d'améliorer les performances des dispositifs. Ces nouvelles générations promettent de nombreux avantages notamment en matière de miniaturisation et de réduction de la consommation énergétique. Par ailleurs, la détection sous gaz (sensibilité, seuil de détection, temps de réponse, ...) s'en retrouve améliorée à cause de l'augmentation du ratio surface/volume de la partie sensible. Ainsi, de tels capteurs peuvent être intégrés dans des systèmes de détections ultrasensibles, autonomes, compactes et transportables. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons d'utiliser des réseaux verticaux de nanofils semi-conducteurs pour créer des dispositifs de détection de gaz hautement sensibles, sélectifs, avec une faible limite de détection (de l'ordre du ppb) et intégrable dans des technologies CMOS, tout en étant générique et adaptable à plusieurs types de matériaux afin de discriminer plusieurs gaz. Une première partie expose la mise au point d'un procédé grande échelle, reproductible, compatible avec l'industrie actuelle des semi-conducteurs (CMOS), pour obtenir un capteur basé sur une architecture 3D à nanofils. Le dispositif est composé de deux contacts symétriques en aluminium à chaque extrémité des nanofils, dont l'un est obtenu par l'approche dite du " pont à air ", permettant la définition d'un contact tridimensionnel au sommet du nanofil. La seconde partie présente les performances sous gaz des dispositifs développés et les mécanismes de fonctionnement. Le capteur démontre des performances record en matière de détection du dioxyde d'azote (30% à 50 ppb) en comparaison à l'état de l'art (25% à 200 ppb). De plus, cette approche permet de mesurer de très faibles concentrations de ce gaz (&lt; 1 ppb) de manière sélective, dans des conditions proches des conditions réelles : humidité (testé jusqu'à 70% d'humidité) et mélange avec d'autres gaz plus concentrés et la réversibilité du capteur est naturelle et se fait à température ambiante sans nécessité des conditions particulières<br>In recent years, efforts of research and development for gas sensors converged to use nanomaterials to optimize performance. This new generation promises many advantages especially in miniaturization and reduction of energy consumption. Furthermore, the gas detection parameters (sensitivity, detection limit, response time ...) are improved due to the high surface/volume ratio of the sensitive part. Thus, this sensors can be integrated in ultrasensitive detection systems, autonomous, compact and transportable. In this thesis, we propose to use 3D semiconductor nanowires networks to create highly sensitive and selective gas sensors. The objective of this work is to provide a highly sensitive sensor, featuring a low detection limit (in the ppb range) and embeddable in CMOS devices. In addition process is generic and adaptable to many types of materials to discriminate several gas and converge to electronic nose. The first part of the dissertation is based on development of a large scale, reproducible, compatible with Si processing industry and conventional tools (CMOS), to obtain a sensor based on a 3D nanowire architecture. The device is composed by two symmetrical aluminum contacts at each extremity of the nanowires, including a top contact done by air bridge approach. The second part of this work presents the gas performances of components and working mechanisms associated. A very high response (30%) is obtained at 50 ppb of NO2, compare to the state of the art, 25% reached for 200 ppb. This approach can measure selectively very low concentrations of gas (&lt;1 ppb) in real working conditions: moisture (tested up to 70% moisture) and mixing with other more concentrated gas (interfering gas). In addition, the reversibility of the sensor is natural and occurs at room temperature without requiring specific conditions
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Ru, Jifeng. "Adaptive estimation and detection techniques with applications." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,285.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of New Orleans, 2005.<br>Title from electronic submission form. "A dissertation ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering and Applied Science"--Dissertation t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Storozhenko, V. A., A. V. Myagkiy, and R. P. Orel. "Filtering of interference of inhomogeneous regular structure in thermal non-destructive control of cellular structures." Thesis, Eskisehir technical university, 2021. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18954.

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Honeycomb constructions are the most widely used materials in contemporary aviation and space technology. They are the basis for the housings of practically all products of this sector, where reliability of all parts should meet the in-creased requirements. Special attention is paid to the quality of composite materials and to the absence of defects such as the places of adhesion failure (exfoliation) between the skin and the honeycomb filler. Therefore, increase in the efficiency and reliability of thermal flaw detection, based on in-depth analysis of the processes of detecting defects and development of the principles of optimization of both the procedure of control and subsequent processing of the obtained information, is an important and relevant task.
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Makrakis, Dimitrios. "Generalized non-coherent detection." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6789.

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The objective of this thesis is to introduce new power efficient non-coherent receiver structures for linear (Quadrature Amplitude Modulated and Phase Shift Keyed) as well as Continuous Phase Modulated signals. A generalized non-coherent detection theory, addressing single or multi-amplitude/phase signals as well as operation in time dispersive channels has been developed. Structures of optimal non-coherent sequence estimators and symbol-by-symbol receivers are proposed. The analysis carried out provides the relation and link between existing non-coherent receivers and the optimal non-coherent detection concept. Using the framework set by the generalized non-coherent detection theory and applying approximations and reasonable simplifications wherever needed, we were able to propose new families of powerful, yet simple non-coherent receivers. Such receivers are the: (1) Block Decoders for PSK and CPM signals. They process the received signal information in a block form. Evaluation of them in both ideal and time dispersive channels has verified considerable gains (as compared to conventional differential receivers), especially when used with trellis coded schemes. The evaluation results have indicated improvements higher than 3 dB when the operation takes place in a Gaussian channel. In a faded channel, the results have shown improvements higher than 7 dB and a reduction in error floors close to one order of magnitude. (2) Asymptotically optimal decoders for a time dispersive channel and/or multi-amplitude/phase signals. They have been able to considerably improve the system's performance. When evaluated for uncoded and coded schemes they demonstrated excellent performance. Compared to the conventional differential receiver the results demonstrated improvements in excess of 5 dB. With the introduction of these receivers the extension of non-coherent technology to the power and bandwidth efficient family of the multi-amplitude/phase signals has been made possible. (3) Combined Squared Envelope and Multiple Differential Detection (recursive) Algorithms. They process the information provided by the use of a squared envelope and more than one (multiple) differential receivers in a recursive form. When evaluated with various linear and CPM signals they demonstrated considerable improvements. For white Gaussian noise channels, they achieved gains higher than 9 dB (compared to the conventional differential receiver). In a faded channel they were able to reduce the error floors by more than three orders of magnitude. (4) Symbol-by-symbol receivers based on phase correction and signal combining controlled by decision feedback. These receivers achieve their improvements by applying partial (decision directed) intersymbol interference (ISI) cancellation from the phase of the signal and by combining the outputs of more than one differential detector according to the decisions made regarding previous symbols. Evaluations have demonstrated improvements higher than 5 dB. In all of the above proposed receivers, a particular emphasis has been put on the simplicity factor. Possible efficient implementation scenarios of the receivers using today's digital signal processing technology are discussed in various parts of the present work. To evaluate the proposed schemes, an analytical framework has been developed. It covers evaluation in AWGN (ideal or time dispersive) as well as faded channels. Through this analysis, new distance expressions (equivalent to the Euclidean distance we encounter in coherent systems) which characterize the performance of the proposed non-coherent receivers have been identified. These distance metrics can be used for the design of improved coded schemes, developed to "match" the characteristics and operation principles of the proposed non-coherent receivers.
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Morrow, David John. "Non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose detection." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317087.

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Hill, Helena Anne. "Non cultural detection of Campylobacter." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247366.

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Books on the topic "NO2 detection"

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Decker, Arthur J. Damage detection using holography and interferometry. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2003.

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Center, NASA Glenn Research, ed. Damage detection using holography and interferometry. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2003.

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Tallman, Shirley. Murder on Nob Hill. St. Martin's Minotaur, 2004.

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Joyce, Pope. Fossil detective. Troll Associates, 1994.

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Smith, Alexander McCall. The Limpopo Academy of Private Detection. AudioGO, 2012.

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Smith, Alexander McCall. The Limpopo Academy of Private Detection. Large Print Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning, 2013.

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Lyons, D. B. Survey guide for detection of emerald ash borer. Great Lakes Forestry Centre], 2007.

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Vrij, Aldert. Detecting lies and deceit: Pitfalls and opportunities. 2nd ed. John Wiley, 2008.

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Smith, Alexander McCall. The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency. Polygon, 2001.

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Smith, Alexander McCall. The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency. Anchor Books, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "NO2 detection"

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Dhanawade, R. N., N. S. Pawar, G. M. Hingangavkar, et al. "High Performance CeO2 Nanoparticles for Real-Time NO2 Detection." In Techno-Societal 2022. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34648-4_55.

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Mulik, R. N., M. A. Chougule, G. D. Khuspe, and V. B. Patil. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide for the Detection of NO2 Gas." In Techno-Societal 2018. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16848-3_87.

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Sao, Ajay Kumar, Jatinder Pal Singh, Babita Sharma, et al. "CdS-SnO2 Nanocomposite Sensor for Room Temperature Detection of NO2 Gas." In Sensing Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98886-9_22.

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Addabbo, Tommaso, Ada Fort, Marco Mugnaini, and Valerio Vignoli. "YCoO3 Resistive Gas Sensors for the Detection of NO2 in ‘Resistance Controlled Mode’." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04324-7_9.

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Biswas, Shreerupa, and Sapana Ranwa. "CVD-Grown MoS2 Nanosheets-Based Gas Sensor for Low-Limit Detection of NO2 Gas." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2710-4_36.

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Choon, Cheow Shek, and Ismayuzri Bin Ishak. "Feasibility Study of CO, CO2, NO2, and O2 Sensors for Hazardous Gas Detection System in Vehicle Cabin." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4597-3_49.

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Oggiano, Maurizio, and Walter Adriani. "Lie Detection." In Misunderstandings About Non-Verbal Communication. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43571-3_11.

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Toomay, J. C. "Detection Tracking." In Radar Principles for the Non-Specialist. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6985-1_3.

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McElholm, Malachy, Jim Harkin, Liam McDaid, and Snaider Carrillo. "Bio-Inspired Online Fault Detection in NoC Interconnect." In Energy-Efficient Fault-Tolerant Systems. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4193-9_7.

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Chakravortty, Somdatta. "Endmember Detection." In Non-Linear Spectral Unmixing of Hyperspectral Data. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003432623-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "NO2 detection"

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Lin, Chin Lin, You Jen Chen, Pei Jung Wu, Chii Rong Yang, and Chan-Shan Yang. "Terahertz metamaterials gas sensor based on ZIF-8/MoSe2 composite for NO2 detection." In Oxide-based Materials and Devices XVI, edited by Féréchteh H. Teherani and David J. Rogers. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3042005.

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Bak, Na-Hyun, and Moon-Deock Kim. "Enhancement of NO2 gas detection performance using UV-activated n-ZnO/AlN SAW sensors for real-time monitoring." In Optical Sensors 2025, edited by Robert A. Lieberman, Francesco Baldini, and Jiri Homola. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3056670.

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Stulik, Jiri, and Tomas Blecha. "Modified CNTs for NO2 detection." In 2018 7th Electronic System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/estc.2018.8546501.

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Slezak, V., A. Peuriot, Guillermo D. Santiago, and J. Codnia. "Photoacoustic systems for NO2 traces detection." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Aristides Marcano O. and Jose Luis Paz. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.591016.

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Nijkerk, David, Emanuela Palombo, Nurcan K. Alpay, and Anton Leemhuis. "Compact NO2 plume detection instrument for concurrent observations of NO2 and CO2." In Remote Sensing Technologies and Applications in Urban Environments VIII, edited by Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Thilo Erbertseder, and Ying Zhang. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2679923.

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Hu, Shunxing, Qiuwu Liu, Yafeng Chen, Jie Wang, and Jian Huang. "Measurement of atmospheric NO2 profile using three-wavelength dual-differential absorption lidar." In LIDAR Imaging Detection and Target Recognition 2017, edited by Yueguang Lv, Jianzhong Su, Wei Gong, et al. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2295725.

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Bian, Xiaoge, Weikai Hu, Xiao Qian, et al. "Measurement of NO2 using incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy." In Sixth Symposium on Novel Photoelectronic Detection Technology and Application, edited by Huilin Jiang and Junhao Chu. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2564700.

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Qazi, Muhammad, Goutam Koley, Sangmoon Park, and Thomas Vogt. "Investigation of functionalization layers for NO2 detection." In 2007 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2007.4388373.

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ARMSTRONG, R., and S. VOSEN. "NO2 detection in the combustion of liquid propellant." In 29th Aerospace Sciences Meeting. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1991-207.

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Sayago, I., E. Terrado, M. C. Horrillo, et al. "NO2 detection with Single Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks." In 2007 Spanish Conference on Electron Devices. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sced.2007.384024.

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Reports on the topic "NO2 detection"

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Clegg, Samuel M., Kristy Lynne Nowak-Lovato, Julianna E. Fessenden-Rahn, Stephen J. Obrey, and Robert P. Currier. Remote Detection of NO2 Stable Isotopes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053541.

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Nestleroth, Dr J. Bruce. PR-3-823-R01 Remote Field Eddy Current Detection of Stress-Corrosion Cracks. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011870.

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The feasibility of detecting stress-corrosion cracks (SCC) using the Remote Field Eddy Current (RFEC) technique was demonstrated. The RFEC technique interrogates the entire thickness of the pipe and is applicable for in-line inspection. If it can be shown that the RFEC technique is effective in detecting SCC, then the technique is an ideal method for detecting the defects of interest. A defect detection model is proposed for explaining the mechanism for crack detection. For axially orientated, closed cracks, such as SCC, the conventional defect detection model proved to be too simplistic and not applicable. Therefore, a new detection model that examines the flow of circumferential eddy currents was developed based on experimental results. This model, though not rigorous, provides a general understanding of the applicability of the RFEC technique for finding SCC. The data from the cracks and various artificial defects are presented in three formats: isometric projections, pseudocolor images, and line-of-sight data. Though only two cracks were found, the experimental results correlate well with the circumferential eddy current theory. A theoretical analysis of the effects of motion on the output signal of the receiver is presented. This analysis indicates that the inspection speed of simple implementations may be limited to a few miles per hour.
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Price, Donald. SM-403-148100-R01 Mineral Wells 2012 RAM Gas and Oil Leak Detection Field Study Results. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010851.

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In June 2012, the RAM Program conducted a comprehensive field study to evaluate the performance of current off the shelf sensor technologies for detecting gas and oil leaks on pipelines. This study had three key objectives: 1. Evaluate the capabilities of current technologies that are offered commercially for methane leak detection monitoring using standard pipeline patrol aircraft 2. Provide a test location for development of emerging technologies that are not yet commercially available for pipeline leak detection 3. Assess the feasibility of using airborne sensors to detect staged liquid oil leaks The field study was conducted on two of Enbridge�s operating pipelines located near Mineral Wells, Texas. This location provided realistic conditions for assessing the capabilities and limitations of automated sensor systems that are currently available for leak detection. Three airborne leak detection vendors (Lasen, Pergam, and New Era Technology), and one ground vehicle vendor (Picarro), completed the field study. The field study was performed as part of the 2012 PRCI RAM program that is primarily focused on leak detection technologies using aerial platforms. The study tested a range of sensors designed for gas leak detection using systems mounted on helicopters and fixed wing aircraft. Enbridge staged a series of controlled gas releases simulating pipeline gas leaks. Qualified operators released a series of prescribed natural gas leaks from 8 known locations along the pipelines in order to simulate transmission leaks of varying sizes. Additionally, Enbridge placed 8 liquid petroleum targets along the test pipelines. These gas and oil targets allowed for a direct comparison of technology performance against a known set of conditions. Standard leak patrol methods (ground survey with foot patrol) were also used to identify any emission sources other than the controlled releases. The results from the field study show that 3 of the 4 vendor sensor technologies tested are now feasible alternatives for gas leak detection. The findings for liquid leak detection were promising, but inconclusive due to plume overlaps between gas and oil targets. The sensors used by the vendors in this field test were optimized for detecting methane gas and not oil vapors. Therefore, until additional studies are performed on liquid hydrocarbon volatilization, it is premature to conclude that the tested technologies are or are not appropriate for oil leak detection.
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Tao, Yang, Victor Alchanatis, and Yud-Ren Chen. X-ray and stereo imaging method for sensitive detection of bone fragments and hazardous materials in de-boned poultry fillets. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695872.bard.

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As Americans become increasingly health conscious, they have increased their consumptionof boneless white and skinless poultry meat. To the poultry industry, accurate detection of bonefragments and other hazards in de-boned poultry meat is important to ensure food quality andsafety for consumers. X-ray imaging is widely used for internal material inspection. However,traditional x-ray technology has limited success with high false-detection errors mainly becauseof its inability to consistently recognize bone fragments in meat of uneven thickness. Today’srapid grow-out practices yield chicken bones that are less calcified. Bone fragments under x-rayshave low contrast from meat. In addition, the x-ray energy reaching the image detector varieswith the uneven meat thickness. Differences in x-ray absorption due to the unevenness inevitablyproduce false patterns in x-ray images and make it hard to distinguish between hazardousinclusions and normal meat patterns even by human visual inspection from the images.Consequently, the false patterns become camouflage under x-ray absorptions of variant meatthickness in physics, which remains a major limitation to detecting hazardous materials byprocessing x-ray images alone.Under the support of BARD, USDA, and US Poultry industries, we have aimed todeveloping a new technology that uses combined x-ray and laser imaging to detect bonefragments in de-boned poultry. The technique employs the synergism of sensors of differentprinciples and has overcome the deficiency of x-rays in physics of letting x-rays work alone inbone fragment detection. X-rays in conjunction of laser-based imaging was used to eliminatefalse patterns and provide higher sensitivity and accuracy to detect hazardous objects in the meatfor poultry processing lines.Through intensive research, we have met all the objectives we proposed during the researchperiod. Comprehensive experiments have proved the concept and demonstrated that the methodhas been capable of detecting frequent hard-to-detect bone fragments including fan bones andfractured rib and pulley bone pieces (but not cartilage yet) regardless of their locations anduneven meat thickness without being affected by skin, fat, and blood clots or blood vines.
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Hamlin, Alexandra, Erik Kobylarz, James Lever, Susan Taylor, and Laura Ray. Assessing the feasibility of detecting epileptic seizures using non-cerebral sensor. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42562.

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This paper investigates the feasibility of using non-cerebral, time-series data to detect epileptic seizures. Data were recorded from fifteen patients (7 male, 5 female, 3 not noted, mean age 36.17 yrs), five of whom had a total of seven seizures. Patients were monitored in an inpatient setting using standard video electroencephalography (vEEG), while also wearing sensors monitoring electrocardiography, electrodermal activity, electromyography, accelerometry, and audio signals (vocalizations). A systematic and detailed study was conducted to identify the sensors and the features derived from the non-cerebral sensors that contribute most significantly to separability of data acquired during seizures from non-seizure data. Post-processing of the data using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) shows that seizure data are strongly separable from non-seizure data based on features derived from the signals recorded. The mean area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for each individual patient that experienced a seizure during data collection, calculated using LDA, was 0.9682. The features that contribute most significantly to seizure detection differ for each patient. The results show that a multimodal approach to seizure detection using the specified sensor suite is promising in detecting seizures with both sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the study provides a means to quantify the contribution of each sensor and feature to separability. Development of a non-electroencephalography (EEG) based seizure detection device would give doctors a more accurate seizure count outside of the clinical setting, improving treatment and the quality of life of epilepsy patients.
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Holmgren, Amanda, Robert Wilkerson, Rodney Siegel, and Jason Ransom. North Coast and Cascades Network landbird monitoring: Report for the 2022 field season. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301415.

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The North Coast and Cascades Network (NCCN) continued to implement the Network?s Landbird Monitoring Protocol in 2022, in partnership with The Institute for Bird Populations. The protocol was initially field-tested with data collected from the annual panel only, as part of protocol development during 2005?2006, and has subsequently been implemented fully (including data collection on the annual panel as well as five alternating panels) for the past 15 years (2007?2021), except for 2017 when data collection was temporarily suspended to reallocate resources for a 5-year data synthesis. In 2022, we conducted 1,189 point counts at point count survey stations along 68 transects in the large wilderness parks of the NCCN, including Mount Rainier National Park (MORA), North Cascades National Park Complex (NOCA), and Olympic National Park (OLYM). We also conducted 72 point counts at Lewis and Clark National Historical Park (LEWI), including 36 at Cape Disappointment, 28 at Fort Clatsop, 5 at Sunset Beach, and 3 at Yeon. Across the three large parks, we documented the presence of 130 species and one hybrid, 105 of which were detected during point counts. For 57 species (all species for which we amassed at least 96 point count detections over the period 2005?2022), we present the total number of detections of each species on each park?s annual panel transects during the 2005?2022 field seasons. We caution, however, that these detection totals have not been adjusted for differences in survey effort, observer effects, or potential differences in detectability of birds between years; such adjustments will be made in conjunction with trend analyses in a future multi-year report. The number of bird detections on annual-panel transects across all three large parks decreased by 650 between 2021 and 2022, though the magnitude of change varied among the parks. At both MORA and OLYM detections decreased between 2021 and 2022. When factoring in the number of point counts conducted each year, both parks saw a decrease in the average number of birds per count (a decrease of 9% at MORA and 24% at OLYM). At NOCA there was very little change in the number of detections between 2021 and 2022. A measurable part of the overall decrease in detections across the Network in 2022 was due to a high number of red crossbill detections in 2021, particularly at MORA and OLYM. We detected them in higher numbers in both of these parks than in any of the previous 15 years, but in 2022 our detections dropped to numbers more similar to previous years. Several other species were also detected in slightly lower numbers in the three large parks in 2022 than in 2021, which contributed to the overall decrease in detections. Golden-crowned kinglet and Pacific wren detections in particular decreased across all three parks between 2021 and 2022. Despite these slight changes, overall detection numbers of most species across the parks were not markedly different between the two years. Interpretation of these results will be completed as part of the next multi-year trend analysis, which will account for annual variation in survey effort, observer effects, and detection probability.
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Lowdermilk, W. Accelerator-Detector Complex for Photonuclear Detection of Hidden Explosives, CRADA No. TC02065.0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1061533.

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Asari, Vijayan, Paheding Sidike, Binu Nair, Saibabu Arigela, Varun Santhaseelan, and Chen Cui. PR-433-133700-R01 Pipeline Right-of-Way Automated Threat Detection by Advanced Image Analysis. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010891.

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A novel algorithmic framework for the robust detection and classification of machinery threats and other potentially harmful objects intruding onto a pipeline right-of-way (ROW) is designed from three perspectives: visibility improvement, context-based segmentation, and object recognition/classification. In the first part of the framework, an adaptive image enhancement algorithm is utilized to improve the visibility of aerial imagery to aid in threat detection. In this technique, a nonlinear transfer function is developed to enhance the processing of aerial imagery with extremely non-uniform lighting conditions. In the second part of the framework, the context-based segmentation is developed to eliminate regions from imagery that are not considered to be a threat to the pipeline. Context based segmentation makes use of a cascade of pre-trained classifiers to search for regions that are not threats. The context based segmentation algorithm accelerates threat identification and improves object detection rates. The last phase of the framework is an efficient object detection model. Efficient object detection �follows a three-stage approach which includes extraction of the local phase in the image and the use of local phase characteristics to locate machinery threats. The local phase is an image feature extraction technique which partially removes the lighting variance and preserves the edge information of the object. Multiple orientations of the same object are matched and the correct orientation is selected using feature matching by histogram of local phase in a multi-scale framework. The classifier outputs locations of threats to pipeline.�The advanced automatic image analysis system is intended to be capable of detecting construction equipment along the ROW of pipelines with a very high degree of accuracy in comparison with manual threat identification by a human analyst. �
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Lukow, Steven, Ross Lee, Jonathan Gigax, and David Grow. Improving Non-Destructive Detection Technology Through SAVY Feature Detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1884728.

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Michaels, Trevor. Red-tailed boa (Boa constrictor) surveys at Salt River Bay National Park, St. Croix U.S. Virgin Islands: 2023 report of activities. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303799.

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St. Croix is home to a variety of threatened and endangered (T&amp;E) species that are at risk for predation by the invasive red-tailed boa (Boa constrictor), such as the St. Croix ground lizard (Amevia polyps), the ground-nesting least tern (Sterna antillarum), and the hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). Genetic analysis determined the original red-tailed boa population on St. Croix sourced from a single female released by a pet owner and its range expands every year. Presently, the main population of red-tailed boa is established on the west end of St. Croix and extends as far east as Salt River. One individual was found in Salt River Marina and additional sightings have occurred in Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve (SARI) more recently. This inventory aims to search for red-tailed boas in two focal areas that park staff are actively restoring. The park will use information from this inventory to develop a boa removal program and protect sensitive native species like the ground-nesting least tern, the St. Croix ground lizard and the hawksbill sea turtle nests and increase the success of restoration. Snakes are cryptic species, often occurring in low density, and utilize complex habitat patterns. To increase the likelihood of detecting red-tailed boa, the Maryland/Delaware/D.C. Wildlife Services detector dog handling team partnered with the USDA-APHIS National Detector Dog Training Center to train and develop detector dogs to assist in determining the presence/absence of red-tailed boa for this project. Canines were trained to locate red-tailed boa and indicate its presence to the handler via barking three times near the identified target. Two dog detector teams traveled to Salt River Bay National Park (SARI) in St. Croix to conduct surveys for red-tailed boa in habitats likely to contain red-tailed boa in June 2023. Habitat varied throughout the surveys. Close to the bay, mangrove forests dominated and, as elevation increased, transects took place in almost exclusively dry tropical shrub forest. Each transect was surveyed by one dog team. The canine teams had no red-tailed boa detections within SARI. Canines showed proficiency at surveying for red-tailed boa populations in SARI. Given the proximity of confirmed detections to SARI, it is likely red-tailed boa will be in the park in the future, if they are not already. Additional surveys, whether by humans, canines, or both, are recommended in areas of the park that have not been previously surveyed.
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