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Journal articles on the topic 'Open Pose'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Shah, Manav. "Slouch Detection Using Open Pose Architecture." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 13, no. 14 (2020): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/13.14/37.

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2

Engen, Karin, Sudarsana Reddy Vanga, Thomas Lundbäck, et al. "Synthesis, Evaluation and Proposed Binding Pose of Substituted Spiro‐Oxindole Dihydroquinazolinones as IRAP Inhibitors." ChemistryOpen 9, no. 3 (2020): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/open.201900344.

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3

Patil, Ashok Kumar, Adithya Balasubramanyam, Jae Yeong Ryu, Bharatesh Chakravarthi, and Young Ho Chai. "An Open-Source Platform for Human Pose Estimation and Tracking Using a Heterogeneous Multi-Sensor System." Sensors 21, no. 7 (2021): 2340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072340.

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Human pose estimation and tracking in real-time from multi-sensor systems is essential for many applications. Combining multiple heterogeneous sensors increases opportunities to improve human motion tracking. Using only a single sensor type, e.g., inertial sensors, human pose estimation accuracy is affected by sensor drift over longer periods. This paper proposes a human motion tracking system using lidar and inertial sensors to estimate 3D human pose in real-time. Human motion tracking includes human detection and estimation of height, skeletal parameters, position, and orientation by fusing lidar and inertial sensor data. Finally, the estimated data are reconstructed on a virtual 3D avatar. The proposed human pose tracking system was developed using open-source platform APIs. Experimental results verified the proposed human position tracking accuracy in real-time and were in good agreement with current multi-sensor systems.

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Asmar, Daniel. "Pose Tracking in Augmented Reality of Cultural Heritage." International Journal of Computational Methods in Heritage Science 1, no. 1 (2017): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcmhs.2017010108.

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This paper briefly surveys pose tracking methods used for augmented reality applications in cultural heritage. The paper primarily benefits scholars and practitioners in the areas of electronic heritage. Pose tracking techniques are categorized as either being dependent or independent of their surrounding; accordingly, various solution methods in the literature are presented along with their advantages and disadvantages. I conclude the paper with a discussion on the open problems in pose tracking in cultural heritage and recommend future directions of research in this field.

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Bai, Yan, and José-VÍctor RÍos-Rull. "Demand Shocks and Open Economy Puzzles." American Economic Review 105, no. 5 (2015): 644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20151121.

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We pose good markets frictions on top of an otherwise standard two-country international real business cycle (IRBC) model. Shopping for goods takes effort, which prevents perfect matching between customers and producers. An increase in search effort implies increased measured productivity. Demand shocks increase expenditures and search effort simultaneously increasing output, consumption, productivity, and the trade deficit and appreciating the real exchange rate. Thus we solve the Backus-Smith puzzle and we show that the cross country correlation of consumption is higher than that of output. Standard IRBC models cannot account for these puzzles along with movements in TFP.

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Azizaa, Mela. "The use of open-ended question pictures in the mathematics classroom." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 9 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i9.3036.

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Teachers have to ensure to pose open-ended questions that allow multiple solutions in a mathematics classroom regarding problem-solving and mathematical creativity. Teachers can use visual representations or pictures to ask open-ended questions in order to encourage students to be curious about finding possible answers. This research is focused on the use of open-ended question pictures, students’ responses and students’ mathematical creativity in response to the questions. This study used observation of a lesson that involved a teacher and twenty-seven class-three students (aged 7–8 years old) in a primary school in the UK. During the observation, a whole-class activity between the teacher and students was recorded and notes were also taken. There were three open-ended questions using pictures that the teacher orally posed during a lesson. The findings showed that open-ended question pictures could stimulate students’ responses and mathematical creativity. Keywords: Open-ended question pictures, representations.

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Banerjee, Abhijit, Bikash Chakraborty, and Sanjay Mallick. "Further investigations on Fujimoto type strong uniqueness polynomials." Filomat 31, no. 16 (2017): 5203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1716203b.

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Taking the question posed by the first author in [1] into background, we further exhaust-ably investigate existing Fujimoto type Strong Uniqueness Polynomial for Meromorphic functions (SUPM). We also introduce a new kind of SUPM named Restricted SUPM and exhibit some results which will give us a new direction to discuss the characteristics of a SUPM. Moreover, throughout the paper, we pose a number of open questions for future research.

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Arciero, M., G. Ladas, and S. W. Schultz. "Some Open Problems About the Solutions of the Delay Difference Equation." gmj 1, no. 3 (1994): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gmj.1994.229.

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Abstract We discuss the dynamics of the positive solutions of the delay difference equation in the title for some special values of the parameters A, p and k and we pose a conjecture and two open problems.

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Langley, Pat. "Open-World Learning for Radically Autonomous Agents." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 09 (2020): 13539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7078.

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In this paper, I pose a new research challenge – to develop intelligent agents that exhibit radical autonomy by responding to sudden, long-term changes in their environments. I illustrate this idea with examples, identify abilities that support it, and argue that, although each ability has been studied in isolation, they have not been combined into integrated systems. In addition, I propose a framework for characterizing environments in which goal-directed physical agents operate, along with specifying the ways in which those environments can change over time. In closing, I outline some approaches to the empirical study of such open-world learning.

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Al-Obaydy, Wasseem N. Ibrahem, and Shahrel Azmin Suandi. "Automatic pose normalization for open-set single-sample face recognition in video surveillance." Multimedia Tools and Applications 79, no. 3-4 (2019): 2897–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-08414-2.

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Pedersoli, Fabrizio, Sergio Benini, Nicola Adami, and Riccardo Leonardi. "XKin: an open source framework for hand pose and gesture recognition using kinect." Visual Computer 30, no. 10 (2014): 1107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00371-014-0921-x.

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Kim, Woojoo, Jaeho Sung, Daniel Saakes, Chunxi Huang, and Shuping Xiong. "Ergonomic postural assessment using a new open-source human pose estimation technology (OpenPose)." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 84 (July 2021): 103164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2021.103164.

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Muradov, Firudin Kh. "On Characterization of Open Sets in Euclidean Spaces." ITM Web of Conferences 22 (2018): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20182201007.

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A ternary semigroup is a nonempty set T together with a ternary oper- ation [abc] satisfying the associative law [[abc] de] = [a [bcd] e] = [ab [cde]] for all a, b, c, d, e ε T. A map f between topological spaces X and Y is called open if the image of each set open in X is open in Y. The pur- pose of this paper is to give an abstract characterization of the ternary semigroups of open maps defined on open sets in Euclidean n-spaces.

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14

Eskandani, G. Zamani, P. Găvruţa, and Gwang Hui Kim. "On the Stability Problem in Fuzzy Banach Space." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/763728.

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15

Min, Xin, Shouqian Sun, Honglie Wang, Xurui Zhang, Chao Li, and Xianfu Zhang. "Motion Capture Research: 3D Human Pose Recovery Based on RGB Video Sequences." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (2019): 3613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173613.

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Using video sequences to restore 3D human poses is of great significance in the field of motion capture. This paper proposes a novel approach to estimate 3D human action via end-to-end learning of deep convolutional neural network to calculate the parameters of the parameterized skinned multi-person linear model. The method is divided into two main stages: (1) 3D human pose estimation based on a single frame image. We use 2D/3D skeleton point constraints, human height constraints, and generative adversarial network constraints to obtain a more accurate human-body model. The model is pre-trained using open-source human pose datasets; (2) Human-body pose generation based on video streams. Combined with the correlation of video sequences, a 3D human pose recovery method based on video streams is proposed, which uses the correlation between videos to generate a smoother 3D pose. In addition, we compared the proposed 3D human pose recovery method with the commercial motion capture platform to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. To make a contrast, we first built a motion capture platform through two Kinect (V2) devices and iPi Soft series software to obtain depth-camera video sequences and monocular-camera video sequences respectively. Then we defined several different tasks, including the speed of the movements, the position of the subject, the orientation of the subject, and the complexity of the movements. Experimental results show that our low-cost method based on RGB video data can achieve similar results to commercial motion capture platform with RGB-D video data.

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Liu, Tian, Yongfu Chen, Zhiyong Jin, Kai Li, Zhenting Wang, and Jiongzhi Zheng. "Spare Pose Graph Decomposition and Optimization for SLAM." MATEC Web of Conferences 256 (2019): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925605003.

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The graph optimization has become the mainstream technology to solve the problems of SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping). The pose graph in the graph based SLAM is consisted with a series of nodes and edges that connect the adjacent or related poses. With the widespread use of mobile robots, the scale of pose graph has rapidly increased. Therefore, optimizing a large-scale pose graph is the bottleneck of application of graph based SLAM. In this paper, we propose an optimization method basing on the decomposition of pose graph, of which we have noticed the sparsity. With the extraction of the Single-chain and the Parallel-chain, the pose graph is decomposed into many small subgraphs. Compared with directly processing the original graph, the speed of calculation is accelerated by separately optimizing the subgraph, which is because the computational complexity is increasing exponentially with the increase of the graph’s scale. This method we proposed is very suitable for the current multi-threaded framework adopted in the mainstream SLAM, which separately calculate the subgraph decomposed by our method, rather than the original optimization requiring a large block of time in once may cause CPU obstruction. At the end of the paper, our algorithm is validated with the open source dataset of the mobile robot, of which the result illustrates our algorithm can reduce the one-time resource consumption and the time consumption of the calculation with the same map-constructing accuracy.

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17

Fan, Runze, Ting-Bing Xu, and Zhenzhong Wei. "Estimating 6D Aircraft Pose from Keypoints and Structures." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (2021): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040663.

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This article addresses the challenge of 6D aircraft pose estimation from a single RGB image during the flight. Many recent works have shown that keypoints-based approaches, which first detect keypoints and then estimate the 6D pose, achieve remarkable performance. However, it is hard to locate the keypoints precisely in complex weather scenes. In this article, we propose a novel approach, called Pose Estimation with Keypoints and Structures (PEKS), which leverages multiple intermediate representations to estimate the 6D pose. Unlike previous works, our approach simultaneously locates keypoints and structures to recover the pose parameter of aircraft through a Perspective-n-Point Structure (PnPS) algorithm. These representations integrate the local geometric information of the object and the topological relationship between components of the target, which effectively improve the accuracy and robustness of 6D pose estimation. In addition, we contribute a dataset for aircraft pose estimation which consists of 3681 real images and 216,000 rendered images. Extensive experiments on our own aircraft pose dataset and multiple open-access pose datasets (e.g., ObjectNet3D, LineMOD) demonstrate that our proposed method can accurately estimate 6D aircraft pose in various complex weather scenes while achieving the comparative performance with the state-of-the-art pose estimation methods.

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Zhang, Wentao, Guodong Zhai, Zhongwen Yue, Tao Pan, and Ran Cheng. "Research on Visual Positioning of a Roadheader and Construction of an Environment Map." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2021): 4968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114968.

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The autonomous positioning of tunneling equipment is the key to intellectualization and robotization of a tunneling face. In this paper, a method based on simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) to estimate the body pose of a roadheader and build a navigation map of a roadway is presented. In terms of pose estimation, an RGB-D camera is used to collect images, and a pose calculation model of a roadheader is established based on random sample consensus (RANSAC) and iterative closest point (ICP); constructing a pose graph optimization model with closed-loop constraints. An iterative equation based on Levenberg–Marquadt is derived, which can achieve the optimal estimation of the body pose. In terms of mapping, LiDAR is used to experimentally construct the grid map based on open-source algorithms, such as Gmapping, Cartographer, Karto, and Hector. A point cloud map, octree map, and compound map are experimentally constructed based on the open-source library RTAB-MAP. By setting parameters, such as the expansion radius of an obstacle and the updating frequency of the map, a cost map for the navigation of a roadheader is established. Combined with algorithms, such as Dijskra and timed-elastic-band, simulation experiments show that the combination of octree map and cost map can support global path planning and local obstacle avoidance.

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Hess, Elijah, and Alan Rhoda. "IS an Open Infinite Future Impossible? A Reply to Pruss." Faith and Philosophy 37, no. 3 (2020): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37977/faithphil.2020.37.3.6.

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Alexander Pruss has recently argued on probabilistic grounds that Christian philosophers should reject Open Futurism—roughly, the thesis that there are no true future contingents—on account of this view’s alleged inability to handle certain statements about infinite futures in a mathematically or religiously adequate manner. We argue that, once the distinction between being true and becoming true is applied to such statements, it is evident that they pose no problem for Open Futurists.

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20

Oščádal, Petr, Dominik Heczko, Aleš Vysocký, et al. "Improved Pose Estimation of Aruco Tags Using a Novel 3D Placement Strategy." Sensors 20, no. 17 (2020): 4825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174825.

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This paper extends the topic of monocular pose estimation of an object using Aruco tags imaged by RGB cameras. The accuracy of the Open CV Camera calibration and Aruco pose estimation pipelines is tested in detail by performing standardized tests with multiple Intel Realsense D435 Cameras. Analyzing the results led to a way to significantly improve the performance of Aruco tag localization which involved designing a 3D Aruco board, which is a set of Aruco tags placed at an angle to each other, and developing a library to combine the pose data from the individual tags for both higher accuracy and stability.

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Coscas, Raphaël, Pierre Maitrias, Isabelle Javerliat, Oleg Rouditch-pergola, Olivier Goeau-Brissonniere, and Marc Coggia. "Primary Open Stenting to Simplify Distal Anastomosis on Heavily Calcified Artery: The POSE Technique." Annals of Vascular Surgery 30 (January 2016): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avsg.2015.07.023.

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22

Marso, Lori Jo. "Freedom’s Poses." Political Research Quarterly 70, no. 4 (2017): 720–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912917732418.

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Kathy Ferguson’s anarchist women enact walking as freedom’s pose. In my response, I ask how the way we imagine poses and postures, comporting our bodies this way or that, alone or together, shapes the way we practice freedom. I worry that the focus on walking, a dominant and frequent metaphor for freedom in many diverse political registers, occludes our ability to see freedom in other poses, registers, and spaces. I argue that highlighting walking as freedom’s preferred pose hovers too close to the replication of the posture (and maybe the perspective too?) of the masculine self. These moves, and this movement, make it harder to discover other sites and kinds of freedom, and to fully appreciate contingency, non-necessity, and the unexpected possibilities available in every encounter. Drawing on the work of Adriana Cavarero, Simone de Beauvoir, and Hannah Arendt, I explore postures of inclination—Beauvoir’s housewives stooped over pots and pans—and consciously chosen inactivity—Arendt lying on her daybed thinking. These postures and poses open up our ability to see freedom in the encounter, an affective and agonistic freedom enacted only with others, and too easily hidden or missed.

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SULLIVAN, JOHN M., and FRANK MORGAN. "OPEN PROBLEMS IN SOAP BUBBLE GEOMETRY." International Journal of Mathematics 07, no. 06 (1996): 833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x9600044x.

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The Burlington Mathfest in August 1995 included an AMS Special Session on Soap Bubble Geometry, organized by Frank Morgan. At the end of the session, participants were asked to pose open problems related to bubble geometry. We have collected those problems here, adding a few introductory comments. Participants in the special session included the following: Fred Almgren, Princeton U. Megan Barber, Williams C. Ken Brakke, Susquehanna U. John Cahn, NIST Joel Foisy, Duke U. Christopher French, U.Chicago Scott Greenleaf, SUNY Stony Brook Karsten Groeß-Brauckmann, Bonn Joel Hass, UC Davis Aladár Heppes, Budapest Michael Hutchings, Harvard U. Jenny Kelley, Rutgers U. Andy Kraynik, Sandia Rob Kusner, U.Massachusetts Rafael Lopez, Granada Joe Masters, U.Texas Helen Moore, Bowdoin C. Frank Morgan, Williams C. Ivars Peterson, Science News Robert Phelan, Dublin Joel Shore, McGill U. John Sullivan, U.Minnesota Italo Tamanini, Trento Jean Taylor, Rutgers U. Jennifer Tice, Williams C. Brian Wecht, Williams C. Henry Wente, U.Toledo Brian White, Stanford U.

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Ghanbari Baghestan, Abbas, Hadi Khaniki, Abdolhosein Kalantari, et al. "A Crisis in “Open Access”: Should Communication Scholarly Outputs Take 77 Years to Become Open Access?" SAGE Open 9, no. 3 (2019): 215824401987104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019871044.

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This study diachronically investigates the trend of the “open access” in the Web of Science (WoS) category of “communication.” To evaluate the trend, data were collected from 184 categories of WoS from 1980 to 2017. A total of 87,997,893 documents were obtained, of which 95,304 (0.10%) were in the category of “communication.” In average, 4.24% of the documents in all 184 categories were open access. While in communication, it was 3.29%, which ranked communication 116 out of 184. An Open Access Index (OAI) was developed to predict the trend of open access in communication. Based on the OAI, communication needs 77 years to fully reach open access, which undeniably can be considered as “crisis in scientific publishing” in this field. Given this stunning information, it is the time for a global call for “open access” by communication scholars across the world. Future research should investigate whether the current business models of publications in communication scholarships are encouraging open access or pose unnecessary restrictions on knowledge development.

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25

Moult, Eric M., Andras Lasso, Tamas Ungi, Csaba Pinter, Mattea Welch, and Gabor Fichtinger. "Improved Temporal Calibration of Tracked Ultrasound: An Open-Source Solution." Journal of Medical Robotics Research 02, no. 04 (2017): 1750008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424905x17500088.

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In tracked ultrasound systems, temporal misalignment between image and tracker data results in incorrect image pose. We present a fully automatic temporal calibration. We image a flat plate in water with a tracked probe undergoing periodic uniaxial freehand translation. Using robust line detection scheme, we compute temporal misalignment as difference between probe and corresponding image position. From 240 sequences, standard deviation was under 5 ms for standard imaging parameters. Source code is available in Public Library for Ultrasound Research, PLUS ( www.plustoolkit.org ).

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Odry, Ákos. "An Open-Source Test Environment for Effective Development of MARG-Based Algorithms." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041183.

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This paper presents an open-source environment for development, tuning, and performance evaluation of magnetic, angular rate, and gravity-based (MARG-based) filters, such as pose estimators and classification algorithms. The environment is available in both ROS/Gazebo and MATLAB/Simulink, and it contains a six-degrees of freedom (6 DOF) test bench, which simultaneously moves and rotates an MARG unit in the three-dimensional (3D) space. As the quality of MARG-based estimation becomes crucial in dynamic situations, the proposed test platform intends to simulate different accelerating and vibrating circumstances, along with realistic magnetic perturbation events. Moreover, the simultaneous acquisition of both the real pose states (ground truth) and raw sensor data is supported during these simulated system behaviors. As a result, the test environment executes the desired mixture of static and dynamic system conditions, and the provided database fosters the effective analysis of sensor fusion algorithms. The paper systematically describes the structure of the proposed test platform, from mechanical properties, over mathematical modeling and joint controller synthesis, to implementation results. Additionally, a case study is presented of the tuning of popular attitude estimation algorithms to highlight the advantages of the developed open-source environment.

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Wolniakowski, Adam, Andrej Gams, Lilita Kiforenko, et al. "Compensating Pose Uncertainties through Appropriate Gripper Finger Cutouts." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 12, no. 1 (2018): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2018-0013.

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Abstract The gripper finger design is a recurring problem in many robotic grasping platforms used in industry. The task of switching the gripper configuration to accommodate for a new batch of objects typically requires engineering expertise, and is a lengthy and costly iterative trial-and-error process. One of the open challenges is the need for the gripper to compensate for uncertainties inherent to the workcell, e.g. due to errors in calibration, inaccurate pose estimation from the vision system, or object deformation. In this paper, we present an analysis of gripper uncertainty compensating capabilities in a sample industrial object grasping scenario for a finger that was designed using an automated simulation-based geometry optimization method (Wolniakowski et al., 2013, 2015). We test the developed gripper with a set of grasps subjected to structured perturbation in a simulation environment and in the real-world setting. We provide a comparison of the data obtained by using both of these approaches. We argue that the strong correspondence observed in results validates the use of dynamic simulation for the gripper finger design and optimization.

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28

Matynia, Elzbieta. "Poland Provoked: How Women Artists En-Gender Democracy." Current History 105, no. 689 (2006): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2006.105.689.132.

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It is women artists who, by entering into an open debate with central elements of the Polish cultural tradition, pose the main questions concerning the nature of democratic citizenship, toleration, and pluralism.

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Hong, Seon-Eui, Sukhoon Oh, and Hyung-Do Choi. "RF Exposure Assessment for Various Poses of Patient Assistant in Open MRI Environment." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2021): 4967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114967.

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In this study, the radio-frequency (RF) energy exposure of patient assistants was assessed for an open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system based on numerical computations of the head and body RF coil. Various poses of the patient assistants were defined to see how poorly they affected the RF energy exposure. For the assessments, the peak spatial-averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) levels were carefully compared with each patient assistant pose based on the finite-difference time domain calculations of RF coil models when the patient was placed in such coils in a 0.3 Tesla open MRI system. Overall, the SAR levels of the patient assistant were much lower than those of the patient. However, significantly increased SAR levels were observed under specific conditions, including a larger loop size of the patient assistants’ arms and a closer distance to the RF coils. A comparably high level of SAR to the patient’s body was also found. More careful investigations are needed to prevent the increase of SAR in patient assistants for open MRI systems at higher field strengths.

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Lowrie, Tom. "Designing a Framework for Problem Posing: Young Children Generating Open-Ended Tasks." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 3, no. 3 (2002): 354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2002.3.3.4.

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This article describes the type of problems young children (aged six) generated in problem-posing contexts. With support, the children began to generate increasingly sophisticated problems that were open-ended in nature. The problem-solving situations provided opportunities for the children to pose problems they enjoyed solving and promoted both a more complex and motivating learning environment. The results indicate that the problem-posing actions of students can be nurtured by teachers' actions.

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Hein, Jonas, Matthias Seibold, Federica Bogo, et al. "Towards markerless surgical tool and hand pose estimation." International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 16, no. 5 (2021): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11548-021-02369-2.

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Abstract Purpose: Tracking of tools and surgical activity is becoming more and more important in the context of computer assisted surgery. In this work, we present a data generation framework, dataset and baseline methods to facilitate further research in the direction of markerless hand and instrument pose estimation in realistic surgical scenarios. Methods: We developed a rendering pipeline to create inexpensive and realistic synthetic data for model pretraining. Subsequently, we propose a pipeline to capture and label real data with hand and object pose ground truth in an experimental setup to gather high-quality real data. We furthermore present three state-of-the-art RGB-based pose estimation baselines. Results: We evaluate three baseline models on the proposed datasets. The best performing baseline achieves an average tool 3D vertex error of 16.7 mm on synthetic data as well as 13.8 mm on real data which is comparable to the state-of-the art in RGB-based hand/object pose estimation. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, we propose the first synthetic and real data generation pipelines to generate hand and object pose labels for open surgery. We present three baseline models for RGB based object and object/hand pose estimation based on RGB frames. Our realistic synthetic data generation pipeline may contribute to overcome the data bottleneck in the surgical domain and can easily be transferred to other medical applications.

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Wang, Yi Zhong, Qi Zhao, Rui Zhang, and Yong Hua Chen. "Modeling of Thrusting Trajectory for Articulated Needle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 940–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.940.

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Comparing with the needles having been studied previously, an articulated needle is more flexible and easier to be steered. In this paper, the sections of an articulated needle are assumed as rigid rods, and an articulated needle is simplified as a spatial linkage mechanism with open link chain. The positions and poses of needle sections are analyzed using the kinematic principle of series robots. The transformation matrixes of positions and pose of needle sections are calculated. A series of coordinate positions of needle sections are got and used to analyze the inserting trajectories of an articulated needle.

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Nasser, Soliman, Ibrahim Jubran, and Dan Feldman. "Autonomous Toy Drone via Coresets for Pose Estimation." Sensors 20, no. 11 (2020): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113042.

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A coreset of a dataset is a small weighted set, such that querying the coreset provably yields a ( 1 + ε )-factor approximation to the original (full) dataset, for a given family of queries. This paper suggests accurate coresets ( ε = 0 ) that are subsets of the input for fundamental optimization problems. These coresets enabled us to implement a “Guardian Angel” system that computes pose-estimation in a rate > 20 frames per second. It tracks a toy quadcopter which guides guests in a supermarket, hospital, mall, airport, and so on. We prove that any set of n matrices in R d × d whose sum is a matrix S of rank r, has a coreset whose sum has the same left and right singular vectors as S, and consists of O ( d r ) = O ( d 2 ) matrices, independent of n. This implies the first (exact, weighted subset) coreset of O ( d 2 ) points to problems such as linear regression, PCA/SVD, and Wahba’s problem, with corresponding streaming, dynamic, and distributed versions. Our main tool is a novel usage of the Caratheodory Theorem for coresets, an algorithm that computes its set in time that is linear in its cardinality. Extensive experimental results on both synthetic and real data, companion video of our system, and open code are provided.

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COSTA, JULIÁN, and IGNACIO GARCÍA-JURADO. "COALITIONAL VALUES AND COST ALLOCATION PROBLEMS." International Game Theory Review 15, no. 02 (2013): 1340002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198913400021.

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In this paper, we explain why the field of cost allocation problems with a coalition structure is a wide and promising unexplored research direction. In particular, we pose some open questions for airport games with a coalition structure.

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Qin, J., M. Li, D. Li, X. Liao, J. Zhong, and H. Zhang. "LARGER RECEPTIVE FIELD BASED RGB VISUAL RELOCALIZATION METHOD USING CONVOLUTIONAL NETWORK." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-47-2021.

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Abstract. Visual Relocalization is a key technology in many computer vision applications. Traditional visual relocalization is mainly achieved through geometric methods, while PoseNet introduces convolutional neural network in visual relocalization for the first time to realize real-time camera pose estimation based on a single image. Aiming at the problem of accuracy and robustness of the current PoseNet algorithm in complex environment, this paper proposes and implements a new high-precision robust camera pose calculation method (LRF-PoseNet). This method directly adjusts the size of the input image without cropping, so as to increase the receptive field of the training image. Then, the image and the corresponding pose tags are input into the improved LSTM-based PoseNet network for training, and the Adam optimizer is used to optimize the network. Finally, the trained network is used to estimate the camera pose. Experimental results on open RGB dataset show that the proposed method in this paper can obtain more accurate camera pose compared with the existing CNN-based methods.

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Griffin, M., M. Malahias, W. Khan, and S. Hindocha. "Update on the Management of Open Lower Limb Fractures." Open Orthopaedics Journal 6, no. 1 (2012): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001206010571.

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Open lower limb fractures pose a significant challenging pathology for orthopaedic and plastic surgeons to manage due to the combined soft tissue damage, bone loss and potential vascular compromise. These fracture require extensive team-work and expertise between several surgical specialties and the advice of non-surgical specialties to ensure good clinical outcomes. Extensive research has improved the outcomes of open lower limb fractures and current recommendation on the optimal management is always being updated to enhance patient outcomes. This review serves to provide an overview of the management of open tibial fractures using current evidence and recently updated UK guidelines. The optimal time for surgical debridement, surgical intervention, providing antibiotics and soft tissue coverage will be outlined as well as the indications for amputation.

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Athanassiadou, E., A. Boccuto, X. Dimitriou та N. Papanastassiou. "Ascoli-type theorems and ideal (α)-convergence". Filomat 26, № 2 (2012): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1202397a.

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We investigate fundamental properties of I-exhaustiveness and I-convergence of real-valued function sequences, giving some characterizations. Furthermore, we establish new versions of Ascoli and Helly theorems, giving also applications to measure theory. Finally, we pose an open problem.

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Berk, Gerald. "Communities of Competitors: Open Price Associations and the American State, 1911–1929." Social Science History 20, no. 3 (1996): 375–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014555320001871x.

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Recent comparative studies in Western industrialization have discovered a variety of economic “governance structures” between competitive markets and corporate hierarchies. Such “associative” forms of enterprise pose both a descriptive and an evaluative problem to students of capitalist development. Can business cooperate, or does a single competitor who hopes to do better by cheating undermine all associative agreements? Suppose cooperation is possible: can it be accomplished to improve products and production processes, rather than merely to redistribute wealth from consumers to business?

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Tomaszewski, Jessica M., Julie K. Lundquist, Matthew J. Churchfield, and Patrick J. Moriarty. "Do wind turbines pose roll hazards to light aircraft?" Wind Energy Science 3, no. 2 (2018): 833–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-833-2018.

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Abstract. Wind energy accounted for 5.6 % of all electricity generation in the United States in 2016. Much of this development has occurred in rural locations, where open spaces favorable for harnessing wind also serve general aviation airports. As such, nearly 40 % of all United States wind turbines exist within 10 km of a small airport. Wind turbines generate electricity by extracting momentum from the atmosphere, creating downwind wakes characterized by wind-speed deficits and increased turbulence. Recently, the concern that turbine wakes pose hazards for small aircraft has been used to limit wind-farm development. Herein, we assess roll hazards to small aircraft using large-eddy simulations (LES) of a utility-scale turbine wake. Wind-generated lift forces and subsequent rolling moments are calculated for hypothetical aircraft transecting the wake in various orientations. Stably and neutrally stratified cases are explored, with the stable case presenting a possible worst-case scenario due to longer-persisting wakes permitted by lower ambient turbulence. In both cases, only 0.001 % of rolling moments experienced by hypothetical aircraft during down-wake and cross-wake transects lead to an increased risk of rolling.

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Wang, Michael Y. "Less invasive mini-open adult spinal deformity surgery." Neurosurgical Focus 35, v2supplement (2013): Video1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.v2.focus13186.

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Adult spinal deformities (ASD) pose a challenge for the spinal surgeon. Because the spine is often rigid, mobilization of the segments is critical for effective correction, particularly in the sagittal plane. While minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has many favorable attributes that would be of great benefit for the ASD population, improvements in lordosis and sagittal balance have remained problematic using MIS approaches, including MIS lateral methods. This video illustrates one method for achieving improvement of coronal and sagittal correction without the extensive exposure and soft tissue envelope disruption needed in open surgery, particularly for less severe deformities. By using multi-level TLIFs through a mini-open surgery, curves of less than 60° can be managed with minimal blood loss and within a reasonable surgical timeframe. While feasibility will have to be proven with larger series and improved surgical methods, this technique holds promise as a means of reducing the significant morbidity associated with surgery in the ASD population.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/I0rkDSAVas0.

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Pöntinen, Susanna, Sirpa Kärkkäinen, Kaisa Pihlainen, and Sinikka Räty-Záborszky. "Pupil-Generated Questions in a Collaborative Open Inquiry." Education Sciences 9, no. 2 (2019): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9020156.

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Formulating questions is an integral part of pupils’ learning process and scientific inquiry. Investigating pupil-generated questions in a collaborative science learning setting, combining self-regulation theory and phases of inquiry, can extend the previous research into pupils’ questions. This study considered questions from pupils (n = 24, aged 11–12) as types of interaction to share and reflect on both their own and others’ ideas during a collaborative open inquiry. The study was qualitative in nature. The data was collected by making video recordings of pupils’ team discussions during the study process in 12 science lessons. A content analysis demonstrates that through their questions, the pupils were actively involved in guiding their work from various points of views. These results suggest that fifth graders can successfully conduct a complex open inquiry in teams. Consequently, this study underlines that allowing pupils to work at their own pace, and to take responsibility for their learning, opportunities can arise for pupils to pose questions and regulate their learning through questions.

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Oladunjoye, M. A., and M. A. Adeniran. "Towards Efficient Management of Solid Wastes: an Overview of Dumpsites in Ibadan Metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 47, no. 2 (2021): 271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2021.271.

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The impacts of dumpsites derived from contamination of soil, groundwater, surface water, plants, humans and the environment at large are becoming alarming. In response to the waste challenges and its implication on the environment, many researchers have carried out detailed investigations on open dumpsites using geochemical, hydrological and geophysical approaches. This write up aims at assessing the current environmental implication of open dumpsite towards efficient management of solid wastes.<br/> The report reviews and synthesizes existing understanding of four active dumpsites in Ibadan to provide a general assessment of the current state of knowledge on the dumpsites. Previous studies reviewed in this paper identified the threat that open dumpsites may pose to the environment from potential leaching of hazardous chemicals into the soil, groundwater and the eco-system at large. Recent research revealed that groundwater, soils and plant found in close proximity with the dumpsites tend to accumulated heavy metals which indirectly has a high influence on the environment.<br/> Due to the significant impacts posed by the continual usage of the dumpsites, government should provide standard landfill site, recycling and treatment facilities for effective management of the waste being generated.

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Huang, Ying, YongXia Li, Jian Yang, et al. "Harmful Chemicals in Soil and Risk Assessment of an Abandoned Open Dumpsite in Eastern China." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/297686.

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The concentrations of pollutants in soil samples collected in and around a dumpsite in Heze, Shandong, China, were investigated, and the potential ecological and health risks of these pollutants were assessed. Seventeen soil samples from five different locations were analysed for pollution characteristics, and the target pollutants included inorganic pollutants and heavy metals as well as volatile organic compounds/semivolatile organic compounds (VOCs/SVOCs). Results showed that the mean concentration level of each pollutant from the interior area was relatively higher than that from the boundary area of the dumpsite. Inorganic pollutants and heavy metals were detected in all of the soil samples. According to potential ecological risk assessment with environmental background values of Shandong as screening values, heavy metals in majority of the samples pose low ecological risk to the ecosystem except Hg. Hg poses a considerable or very high risk because of its high levels of accumulation. In consideration of future land use pattern, human health risks derived from environmental exposure to heavy metals were assessed. Carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazards for adults are acceptable, while noncarcinogenic hazards for children exceed the safety threshold. The health risks are primarily attributed to oral exposure to As and Cr.

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Banakh, Taras, and Igor Protasov. "Functional Boundedness of Balleans: Coarse Versions of Compactness." Axioms 8, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms8010033.

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We survey some results and pose some open problems related to boundedness of real-valued functions on balleans and coarse spaces. Special attention is paid to balleans on groups. The boundedness of functions that respect the coarse structure of a ballean could be considered as a coarse counterpart of pseudo-compactness.

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Istyastono, Enade Perdana. "CONSTRUCTION AND OPTIMIZATION OF STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING PROTOCOLS TO IDENTIFY CYCLOOXYGENASE-1 INHIBITORS USING OPEN BABEL, SPORES AND PLANTS." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 12, no. 2 (2012): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21354.

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Structure-Based Virtual Screening (SBVS) protocols to identify cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors have been constructed and optimized based on their Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values of the docked pose and the crystal structure pose of the reference ligand. Employing a COX-1 structure obtained from the Protein Data Bank (pdb) with code 2OYE as the reference protein and PLANTS1.2 as the molecular docking simulation program, the SBVS protocols were mainly built. The preparation steps involved SPORES and Open Babel, while the results analysis involved PyMOL to calculate the RMSD and R computational statistics software to perform the statistics calculations. The results show that these construction and optimization processes could provide an SBVS protocol to identify COX-1 inhibitors that is accurately able to redock the reference ligand with the RMSD value of 0.633 Å.

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46

Yuen, J., S. Muquit, and P. Whitfield. "Does open-access provide an opportunity or pose a barrier? A comprehensive survey on the cost of publication in exclusively open-access surgical journals." International Journal of Surgery 55 (July 2018): S102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.488.

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Shi, Xiao-Ting, Fang-Fang Liu, and Feng Qi. "An integral representation of the Catalan numbers." Global Journal of Mathematical Analysis 3, no. 3 (2015): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/gjma.v3i3.5055.

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<p><span>In the paper, the authors establish an integral representation of the Catalan numbers, connect the Catalan numbers with the (logarithmically) complete monotonicity, and pose an open problem on the logarithmically complete monotonicity of a function involving ratio of gamma functions.</span></p>

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48

Nguyen, Tuong Thanh, Van-Hung Le, Duy-Long Duong, Thanh-Cong Pham, and Dung Le. "3D Human Pose Estimation in Vietnamese Traditional Martial Art Videos." Journal of Advanced Engineering and Computation 3, no. 3 (2019): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/jaec.201933.252.

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Preserving, maintaining and teaching traditional martial arts are very important activities in social life. That helps preserve national culture, exercise and self-defense for practitioners. However, traditional martial arts have many different postures and activities of the body and body parts are diverse. The problem of estimating the actions of the human body still has many challenges, such as accuracy, obscurity, etc. In this paper, we survey several strong studies in the recent years for 3-D human pose estimation. Statistical tables have been compiled for years, typical results of these studies on the Human 3.6m dataset have been summarized. We also present a comparative study for 3-D human pose estimation based on the method that uses a single image. This study based on the methods that use the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for 2-D pose estimation, and then using 3-D pose library for mapping the 2-D results into the 3-D space. The CNNs model is trained on the benchmark datasets as MSCOCO Keypoints Challenge dataset [1], Human 3.6m [2], MPII dataset [3], LSP [4], [5], etc. We final publish the dataset of Vietnamese's traditional martial arts in Binh Dinh province for evaluating the 3-D human pose estimation. Quantitative results are presented and evaluated.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.

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Aleksandravičius, Povilas. "Open Society According Henri Bergson: Its Political Expressions and Anthropological Substantiation." Politologija 99, no. 3 (2020): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/polit.2020.99.2.

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The paper seeks to reveal the Bergson’s conception of open society. In the first part, three concrete political expressions of the open society are identified that are spreading in international relations and inside the society. The second part is aimed at showing that the open society is not a society without borders or limits and it does not pose any dangers to cherishing of identities: Bergson’s concept of duration, the source of his political philosophy, establishes identities by providing the foundation for the dynamic process of their maturation through openness. The anthropological substantiation of the open society that was begun in this part is continued in the third part of the paper that analyses the factors of closing and opening, their roots in nature, human nature and vital impetus.

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Saroglou, Christos. "On some problems concerning symmetrization operators." Forum Mathematicum 31, no. 2 (2019): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forum-2018-0021.

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AbstractIn [G. Bianchi, R. J. Gardner and P. Gronchi, Symmetrization in geometry, Adv. Math. 306 2017, 51–88], a systematic study of symmetrization operators on convex sets and their properties is conducted. In the end of their article, the authors pose several open questions. The primary goal of this manuscript is to study these questions.

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