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Howells, Mark, Holger Rogner, Neil Strachan, et al. "OSeMOSYS: The Open Source Energy Modeling System." Energy Policy 39, no. 10 (2011): 5850–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.06.033.
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Dreier, Dennis, and Mark Howells. "OSeMOSYS-PuLP: A Stochastic Modeling Framework for Long-Term Energy Systems Modeling." Energies 12, no. 7 (2019): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12071382.
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Recent open-data movements give access to large datasets derived from real-world observations. This data can be utilized to enhance energy systems modeling in terms of heterogeneity, confidence, and transparency. Furthermore, it allows to shift away from the common practice of considering average values towards probability distributions. In turn, heterogeneity and randomness of the real-world can be captured that are usually found in large samples of real-world data. This paper presents a methodological framework for an empirical deterministic–stochastic modeling approach to utilize large real-world datasets in long-term energy systems modeling. A new software system—OSeMOSYS-PuLP—was developed and is available now.It adds the feature of Monte Carlo simulations to the existing open-source energy modeling system (the OSeMOSYS modeling framework). An application example is given, in which the initial application example of OSeMOSYS is used and modified to include real-world operation data from a public bus transport system.
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Olokotor, Nwachukwu Councillor. "Modelling Pathways to Energy Transition in Nigeria Using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)." International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research 12, no. 1 (2024): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n13848.
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During the COP26, world leaders reaffirmed their commitments to reduce CO2 emissions and discussed financial support for developing countries. Three important topics were highlighted: international carbon markets, common time frames, and transparency (WRI, 2021). This pledge is crucial for countries such as NIGERIA, who contributes less than 1% to global carbon emissions, yet it is one of the most affected by climate change (Germanwatch, 2021). NIGERIA being the world’s sixth-most populous nation (218.5 on 2022), has ambitious energy plans.
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Cannone, Carla, Lucy Allington, Nicki de Wet, et al. "clicSAND for OSeMOSYS: A User-Friendly Interface Using Open-Source Optimisation Software for Energy System Modelling Analysis." Energies 17, no. 16 (2024): 3923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17163923.
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Energy modelling plays a crucial role in assisting governmental and policymaking bodies to strategise long-term investments within the context of energy transition. Among the well-established open-source optimisation models, OSeMOSYS—the Open-Source Energy Modelling System—stands out. This paper introduces clicSAND, a novel user interface designed for OSeMOSYS, aimed at reducing the learning curve and supporting novice energy modelers in efficiently conducting long-term investment analyses. clicSAND, freely available and open-source, features a user-friendly Excel interface for data input, integrated solvers, and a visualisation dashboard for result interpretation. The outcomes, projected up to 2070, hold the potential to inform policy decisions and mobilise financial resources for sustainable development endeavors, such as ensuring affordable and secure energy supply and mitigating climate change impacts. This advancement not only democratises access to energy modelling tools but also empowers policymakers and stakeholders to conduct thorough long-term investment analyses with ease. This paper elaborates on clicSAND’s key advantages, architecture, and functionalities. Additionally, it discusses the evolutionary journey from clicSAND 1.0 to 3.0, emphasising a commitment to continuous improvement and user-centric adaptation, thereby enhancing its utility and relevance. The inclusion of a South African case study, conducted during the EMP-A (Energy Modelling Platform for Africa) 2021 international capacity-building event, showcases clicSAND’s efficacy in facilitating knowledge transfer and skill development among inexperienced users, while providing a tangible example of its application in addressing specific regional energy challenges and policy contexts. Finally, current applications and future extensions of the software are also presented.
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Welsch, M., M. Howells, M. Bazilian, J. F. DeCarolis, S. Hermann, and H. H. Rogner. "Modelling elements of Smart Grids – Enhancing the OSeMOSYS (Open Source Energy Modelling System) code." Energy 46, no. 1 (2012): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.017.
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Dixon, Lara, Rudolf Yeganyan, Naomi Tan, et al. "The Philippines’ Energy Transition: Assessing Emerging Technology Options Using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)." Climate 13, no. 1 (2025): 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010014.
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The Philippines aspires for a clean energy future but has become increasingly reliant on imported fossil fuels due to rising energy demands. Despite renewable energy targets and a coal moratorium, emissions reductions have yet to materialize. This study evaluates the potential of offshore wind (floating and fixed), floating solar PV, in-stream tidal, and nuclear power to contribute to a Net-Zero energy plan for the Philippines, utilizing the Open-Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). Seven scenarios were analyzed, including least-cost, renewable energy targets; Net-Zero emissions; and variations in offshore wind growth and nuclear power integration. Floating solar PV and offshore wind emerged as key decarbonization technologies, with uptake in all scenarios. Achieving Net-Zero CO2 emissions by 2050 proved technically feasible but requires substantial capital, particularly after 2037. Current renewable energy targets are inadequate to induce emissions reductions; and a higher target of ~42% by 2035 was found to be more cost-effective. The addition of nuclear power showed limited cost and emissions benefits. Emissions reductions were projected to mainly occur after 2038, highlighting the need for more immediate policy action. Recommendations include setting a higher renewables target, offshore wind capacity goals, a roadmap for floating solar PV, and better incentives for private investment in renewables and electric transport.
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Tetik, Hepnur, and Gokhan Kirkil. "The Role of Hydrogen in the Energy Mix: A Scenario Analysis for Turkey Using OSeMOSYS." Energies 17, no. 24 (2024): 6348. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246348.
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The urgent need to tackle climate change drives the research on new technologies to help the transition of energy systems. Hydrogen is under significant consideration by many countries as a means to reach zero-carbon goals. Turkey has also started to develop hydrogen projects. In this study, the role of hydrogen in Turkey’s energy system is assessed through energy modeling using the cost optimization analytical tool, Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). The potential effects of hydrogen blending into the natural gas network in the Turkish energy system have been displayed by scenario development. The hydrogen is produced via electrolysis using renewable electricity. As a result, by using hydrogen, a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions was observed; however, the accumulated capital investment value increased. Furthermore, it was shown that hydrogen has the potential to reduce Turkey’s energy import dependency by decreasing natural gas demand.
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Löffler, Konstantin, Karlo Hainsch, Thorsten Burandt, Pao-Yu Oei, Claudia Kemfert, and Christian von Hirschhausen. "Designing a Model for the Global Energy System—GENeSYS-MOD: An Application of the Open-Source Energy Modeling System (OSeMOSYS)." Energies 10, no. 10 (2017): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10101468.
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Bechir, Mahamat Habib, and A. Lopez Aguera. "Environmental Sustainability Impact as Optimization Function of OSeMOSYS Energetic Modelling System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 9 (2023): 364–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55662.
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Abstract: The energy transition is a convoluted process in which decision-makers are facing several challenges, including transitioning to sustainability. In building a sustainable energy transition, the identification of adequate strategies is compulsory. Moreover, this can be achieved through an appropriate energetic mix design to the user's needs at the local, regional, or global level. Suitable energy design aims to identify, among different scenarios, the optimal time frame strategy that maximizes both socio-economic benefits and sustainability. These scenarios are assessed before possible implementation via different energetic modeling tools that are widely available nowadays, designed for economic optimization. The Open-Source Energy Modeling System (OSeMOSYS) is also intended for long-term economic optimization. OSeMOSYS flexibility enables the development of methodologies that adhere to the user's optimization constraints. Hence, this paper bounces an optimization methodology in line with sustainability, where the Impact Mitigation Potential in terms of Climate Change (IMPcc), the environmental sustainability indicator, is evaluated through the selection of energetic transition scenarios. To ensure the study's reproducibility, scenarios are provided as an exercise using data from Atlantis, a hypothetical country having features of both a developing and developed country. Besides the strictly economical optimization, IMPcc scenarios are established with emission penalty sub-scenarios of $100, $50, and $30/ton CO2 eq. As a result, Scenarios comparison highlights a significance decrease in emission by at least 70% that increase of the global cost by at least 2% comparing to the standard optimization.
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Paiboonsin, Pusanisa, Gbemi Oluleye, Mark Howells, Rudolf Yeganyan, Carla Cannone, and Simon Patterson. "Pathways to Clean Energy Transition in Indonesia’s Electricity Sector with Open-Source Energy Modelling System Modelling (OSeMOSYS)." Energies 17, no. 1 (2023): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17010075.
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Responding to the Paris Agreement and climate change mitigation, Indonesia aims to reach net zero by 2060 or sooner. Due to Indonesia’s dependence on coal and growing consumption, alternative sources of clean energy are imperative for meeting its rising energy needs and reducing energy-related greenhouse gas emissions to achieve the energy transition. This project aims to examine Indonesia’s opportunities and potential to achieve low carbon ambition in the energy sector and identify alternative pathways for the energy transition in Indonesia. In this study, the open-source energy modelling system (OSeMOSYS), which is a long-term energy system modelling tool, is employed to compare electricity generation, investment, and carbon dioxide emissions between business-as-usual and five alternative scenarios. Six scenarios, including business as usual, least-cost, two coal-phrase out and two net zero aligned with national climate targets and optimal scenarios, were simulated across different target years. The results show that the net zero (NZ) scenario is more cost-effective and emits fewer greenhouse gases than the other scenarios in meeting Indonesia’s future energy demand. However, achieving net zero by 2050 (NZ50) results in significantly lower CO2 emissions (10,134 MtCO2), which is less than half of the emissions in the net zero by 2060 (NZ60) scenario (16,849 MtCO2) at a similar cost (6229 and 6177 billion USD, respectively). This paper’s insights emphasise that large-scale renewable energy deployment and coal retirement are critical pathways to reaching carbon neutrality and achieving the energy mix transition.
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Gardumi, Francesco, Manuel Welsch, Mark Howells, and Emanuela Colombo. "Representation of Balancing Options for Variable Renewables in Long-Term Energy System Models: An Application to OSeMOSYS." Energies 12, no. 12 (2019): 2366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122366.
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The growing complexity and the many challenges related to fast-changing and highly de-carbonised electricity systems require reliable and robust open source energy modelling frameworks. Their reliability may be tested on a series of well-posed benchmarks that can be used and shared by the modelling community. This paper describes and integrates stand-alone, independent modules to compute the costs and benefits of flexible generation options in the open source energy investment modelling framework OSeMOSYS. The modules are applied to a case study that may work as a benchmark. The whole documentation of the modules and the test case study are retrievable, reproducible, reusable, interoperable, and auditable. They create a case to help establish a FAIR-compliant, user-friendly, and low-threshold model and data standards in modelling practices. As is well known, one of the options for balancing high shares of variable renewables is flexible power generation by dispatchable units. The associated costs need to be considered for short-term operational analyses and for long-term investment plans. The added modules contribute to extending the modelling capacity by introducing (a) costs of ramping, (b) non-linear decrease of efficiency at partial load operation, and (c) refurbishment of existing units in the cost minimisation objective function of OSeMOSYS. From application to the test case study, two main insights are drawn: costs of ramping and decreased partial load efficiency may influence the competitiveness of generation technologies in the provision of reserve capacity; and refurbishment of existing units may represent attractive investment options for increasing flexibility. Both effects are also seen in the long-term and may impact infrastructure investment decisions to meet decarbonisation targets. These effects would not be captured without the introduction of the modules.
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Saad, Ranea, Fernando Plazas-Niño, Carla Cannone, Rudolf Yeganyan, Mark Howells, and Hannah Luscombe. "Long-Term Energy System Modelling for a Clean Energy Transition and Improved Energy Security in Botswana’s Energy Sector Using the Open-Source Energy Modelling System." Climate 12, no. 6 (2024): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli12060088.
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This research examines Botswana’s significant reliance on coal and imported fossil fuels for electricity generation, contributing to high carbon emissions and energy insecurity influenced by volatile fuel prices and supply challenges. The study utilizes the Open-Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) to explore cost-effective renewable energy strategies to meet Botswana’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and enhance energy security by 2050, analysing six scenarios: Least Cost (LC), Business-As-Usual (BAU), Net Zero by 2050 (NZ), Coal Phase Out by 2045 (CPO), Fossil Fuel Phase Out by 2045 (FFPO), and Import Phase Out by 2045 (IMPPO). Our key findings highlight the critical role of solar technologies—photovoltaic (PV), storage, and concentrated solar power (CSP)—in transitioning to a sustainable energy future, especially under the Net Zero and Import Phase Out scenarios. This research demonstrates the economic and environmental benefits of transitioning away from fossil fuels, with the Fossil Fuel Phase Out scenario yielding a USD 31 million saving over the Business-As-Usual approach and reducing investment costs by USD 2 billion, albeit with a slight increase in light fuel oil imports. The study underscores the need for substantial capital investments, particularly in the Net Zero and Import Phase Out scenarios, necessitating private sector financing. Policy recommendations include adopting detailed strategies for solar PV and storage expansion, updating renewable energy targets, phasing out coal and natural gas, and bolstering the regulatory framework. These strategies are crucial for Botswana to achieve decarbonization and energy independence, aligning with global climate goals and national energy security objectives.
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Hersaputri, Laksmita Dwi, Rudolf Yeganyan, Carla Cannone, et al. "Reducing Fossil Fuel Dependence and Exploring Just Energy Transition Pathways in Indonesia Using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)." Climate 12, no. 3 (2024): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli12030037.
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Indonesia’s commitment to the Paris Agreement and its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) is not adequately reflected in the significant CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel-intensive energy sectors, despite the enormous potential of renewable energy sources in the country. The ongoing coal regime has led to electricity oversupply and air pollution problems. Despite the huge challenges for Indonesia, a just energy transition away from fossil fuel is crucial. This study aims to explore the ideal energy mix and key emission reduction pathway in Indonesia in achieving a just energy transition using the least-cost optimisation energy modelling tool OSeMOSYS. Six scenarios are modelled over the period 2015–2050 including coal phase-out, NDC, the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), and carbon tax implementation. The results highlight that solar power, geothermal power, and hydropower are the alternatives for coal decommissioning. Despite the large-scale investment in renewable energy under the NDC and JETP scenarios, emissions could be reduced by 55% and 52%, respectively, by 2050. Moreover, Indonesia’s current carbon tax rate will not lead to a significant emission reduction. Three recommended policies include (1) accelerating CFPP retirement; (2) imposing an aggressive carbon tax rate; (3) prioritising investment in solar technologies.
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Ferreira- Martínez, D., C. Barruso, and A. Lopez-Agüera. "Assessing the effects of energy efficiency and different tariff policies on energy mix for decarbonization." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 21, no. 1 (2023): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj21.385.
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The objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of different energy policies designed to favor decarbonization by increasing renewable sources. In particular, the implementation of energy efficiency policies and the application of hourly differential electricity tariffs. The Open-Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) has been adopted to visualize the effects of each of the actions in the short, medium, and long term, from 2024 till 2046. From our results, the application of hourly differentiation tariffs does not favor either the increase in the implementation of renewable sources or decarbonization processes. The implementation of energy efficiency policies (1-1.25% annual demand decrease), in the long term, allows to reach 80% of energy production from renewable sources. In all the scenarios, the energy sources with a greater level of intermittency, such as wind or solar, strongly increased their contribution in the medium-term, thereby stabilizing their long-term contribution. Finally, the implementation of photovoltaic solar energy becomes necessary only in the long-term. It seems clear that this contribution, up to 20% of the renewable, is associated with the nuclear blackout.
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Usher, William, Trevor Barnes, Nandi Moksnes, and Taco Niet. "Global sensitivity analysis to enhance the transparency and rigour of energy system optimisation modelling." Open Research Europe 3 (February 13, 2023): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15461.1.
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Background: Energy system optimisation models (ESOMs) are commonly used to support long-term planning at national, regional, or continental scales. The importance of recognising uncertainty in energy system modelling is regularly commented on but there is little practical guidance on how to best incorporate existing techniques, such as global sensitivity analysis, despite some good applications in the literature. Methods: In this paper, we provide comprehensive guidelines for conducting a global sensitivity analysis of an ESOM, aiming to remove barriers to adopting this approach. With a pedagogical intent, we begin by exploring why you should conduct a global sensitivity analysis. We then describe how to implement a global sensitivity analysis using the Morris method in an ESOM using a sequence of simple illustrative models built using the Open Source energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) framework, followed by a realistic example. Results: Results show that the global sensitivity analysis identifies influential parameters that drive results in the simple and realistic models, and identifies uninfluential parameters which can be ignored or fixed. We show that global sensitivity analysis can be applied to ESOMs with relative ease using freely available open-source tools. The results replicate the findings of best-practice studies from the field demonstrating the importance of including all parameters in the analysis and avoiding a narrow focus on particular parameters such as technology costs. Conclusions: The results highlight the benefits of performing a global sensitivity analysis for the design of energy system optimisation scenarios. We discuss how the results can be interpreted and used to enhance the transparency and rigour of energy system modelling studies.
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Tan, Naomi, John Harrison, and Mark Howells. "Comparing Long-Term Power Sector Pathways in Viet Nam: A Simple Cost-Optimization Approach with OSeMOSYS." Energies 17, no. 23 (2024): 6158. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17236158.
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Viet Nam is at a critical juncture in planning for its future energy mix due to its fast-growing economy and recent climate commitments. This paper reviews the opportunities and challenges towards a clean energy transition in Viet Nam. Focusing on the power system, this study incorporates the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) to explore six different energy scenarios based on existing plans and proposed targets: (i) Power Development Plan VII (revised); (ii) Power Development Plan VIII (draft); (iii) Renewable Energy Development Strategy; (iv) Renewable-Led Pathway; (v) Net Zero; and (vi) Clean Efficient Transition. These scenarios assess trade-offs and synergies of policy decisions, offering insights into potential energy mix alternatives through 2050. Key findings highlight that a fossil fuel phase-out by 2050, supported by approximately 1100 PJ of solar technologies and electricity imports by 2050, aligns with climate commitments and ensures energy security. Energy-efficient technologies could also reduce electricity consumption by 20%, cutting costs and emissions by USD 18 billion and 37 Mton CO2e, respectively. Based on modelling, this study emphasizes renewable energy prioritization, energy efficiency, fossil fuel phase-out, and reinforced emission limits as recommendations to allow Viet Nam to achieve its climate goals. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment that enhances transparency and reproducibility, supporting the optimal pathway for the development of Viet Nam’s energy sector.
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Prussi, M., L. Laveneziana, D. Misul, D. Chiaramonti, M. Odisio, and G. Restaldo. "A model-based approach to long-term energy planning: the case-study of the Turin Airport." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2648, no. 1 (2023): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2648/1/012034.
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Abstract Urged by the concerns relating to climate change and the energy crises, several companies and industries have been undertaking a deeply transformation of their energy system. Energy planning, especially with a long-term perspective, has assumed a renewed importance. The traditional approaches about energy planning, typically relying on a single-project analyses and a short-term vision, appear today unsuitable for evaluating the disruptive transformation of the energy system. In this paper, we propose an energy system optimization approach, based on a detailed energy planning, and we discuss its application to an energy intensive industry: airports. In the context of the European TULIPS project, the energy system of the fellow airport of Turin was modelled in the open-source OSeMOSYS framework. The model was then validated on a set of reference years of operation of the airport. The results of the modelling exercise showed minor variations with respect to real-world data, with a percent error well below 2.5%. Having assessed the ability of the model to reproduce the behavior of the energy system, future studies will be devoted to the development of a decarbonisation roadmap for Turin Airport.
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Habib Bechir, Mahamat, R. Ramos Alor-Rodriguez, and A. Lopez-Agüera. "Modelling a Decarbonization Agenda for Bembibre’s Industrial Park." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 21, no. 1 (2023): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj21.362.
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The design of the Sustainable Strategy Agenda for the Bembibre industrial zone in the Bierzo region employing the Open-Source Energy Modeling System (OSeMOSYS) is presented. This municipality, which has been affected by the collapse of the coal mining industry, is at the epicentre of the reindustrialization and Just Transition (none left behind) initiatives of the Spanish government. Among the challenges to be tackled are the zone's entire decarbonization by 2030, the incorporation of circular economy initiatives, and the development of quality jobs that attract and retain new residents. To facilitate decision-making, different roadmaps have been evaluated, including the repurposing of an old coal mine galley as a reverse hydro storage system, the deployment of enterprises dedicated to the recycling of solar panels, and the incorporation of second-life batteries from electric vehicles as energy storage. Among the scenarios evaluated, the most complex turns out to be the most interesting. With an initial outlay of 190 M€, it incorporates a 210 MW photovoltaic park linked to a mixed storage system comprised of 0.25 GWh of reverse hydraulic systems and 68MWh of second life reconditioned batteries. About 850 jobs in the implementation stage and 70 more permanent in the exploitation phase are envisaged.
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Plazas-Niño, Fernando, Naomi Tan, Mark Howells, Vivien Foster, and Jairo Quirós-Tortós. "Uncovering the applications, developments, and future research directions of the open-source energy modelling system (OSeMOSYS): A systematic literature review." Energy for Sustainable Development 85 (April 2025): 101629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2024.101629.
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Dalder, Jacob, Gbemi Oluleye, Carla Cannone, Rudolf Yeganyan, Naomi Tan, and Mark Howells. "Modelling Policy Pathways to Maximise Renewable Energy Growth and Investment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Using OSeMOSYS (Open Source Energy Modelling System)." Energies 17, no. 2 (2024): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17020342.
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This study sought to generate, evaluate, and recommend possible national policies for the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to implement to most effectively boost growth and investment in renewable energy technologies (RETs) through 2065 using Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). The novelty of this study stems in-part from the scarcity of RET modelling completed for specific West African countries rather than for broader regions. Market-based instruments were identified as the policy type most practical for DRC. From modelling the resulting energy systems for policy pathways involving a 16% RET subsidy, a 70% fossil fuel tax, and both in combination relative to no-policy baseline scenarios, the scenarios including the tax had the lowest net costs (USD304–306 B) and the highest proportion of RETs (above 90%). Additionally, despite the current reliance on hydropower to fulfil 98% of its energy needs, hydropower played a very minor role in all of a modelled scenarios (no future investment beyond residual capacity). Finally, a post-modelling market potential assessment was performed on the technology that dominated off-grid supply across policy pathways: a 0.3 kW small solar home system (SHS). Based on learning rates for solar photovoltaics (PV), demand for a small SHS in DRC (>160 million units in total) was found to be sufficient to substantially reduce the unit cost as deployment scales. Ultimately, this study yielded four recommendations for the DRC government: (1) Pursue financial incentives to catalyse DRC’s renewable energy supply. (2) Tax fossil fuel energy production. (3) Re-evaluate focus on hydropower. (4) Promote DRC as a healthy market for solar home systems.
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Bass, Moses s., and Angeles Lopez-Agüera. "LONGTERM OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR THE GAMBIA’S ENERGY TRANSITION." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 21, no. 1 (2023): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj21.412.
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The energy sector in the Gambia is entirely dependent on imported petroleum products for electricity generation. The country is not only vulnerable to global oil market disruptions but also has an unstable electricity supply system. As of 2020, a huge portion of the country’s electricity demand remains unsatisfied. Following recent government intervention to improve the energy system, this paper examined the optimal capacity expansion planning using the open-source energy modelling system (OSeMOSYS) on a time horizon of thirty years, (2020-2050). The three scenarios studied include the business as usual (BAU), which reflects the continuation with the existing power generation pattern, the second scenario (roadmap) aligns with the Gambia’s strategic electricity roadmap (2021-2040) and the third scenario considered high renewable penetration in the energy mix. Contrary to policy makers expectations, renewables accounted for only 19.2% of electricity generation in the roadmap by 2030 and 11% by 2050. CO2 emission in 2050 reduced by 31% in the roadmap scenario and 71% in the new scenario. The global cost of the new scenario is 29% more expensive than the roadmap scenario but becomes more competitive than the roadmap in terms of energy cost when the capital investment is fully subsidised in all scenarios.
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Mekonnen, Tewodros Walle, Solomon Tesfamariam Teferi, Fitsum Salehu Kebede, and Gabrial Anandarajah. "Assessment of Impacts of Climate Change on Hydropower-Dominated Power System—The Case of Ethiopia." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (2022): 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12041954.
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The Ethiopia energy mix is dominated by hydro-generation, which is largely reliant on water resources and their availability. This article aims to examine the impacts of severe drought on electric power generation by developing a Drought Scenario. OSeMOSYS (an open source energy modelling tool) was used to perform the analyses. The results were then compared with an existing reference scenario called “New Policy Scenario”. The study looked at how power generation and CO2 emissions would be altered in the future if reservoir capacity was halved due to drought. Taking this into account, the renewable energy share decreased from its 90% in 2050 to 81% in 2065, which had been 98% to 89% in the case of New Policy Scenario. In another case, CO2 emissions also increased from 0.42 Mt CO2 in 2015 to 7.3 Mt CO2 in 2065, a 3.3 Mt CO2 increase as compared to the New Scenario. The results showed how a prolonged period of drought would reduce the river flows and lead to an energy transition that may necessitate the installation of other concurrent alternative power plants. The study suggested ways to approach energy mix, particularly for countries with hydro-dominated power generation and those experiencing drought.
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Kibungu, Benjamin Hodia, Bernard Nkanka Ndaye, Cush Luwesi Ngonzo, Raphael Muamba Tshimanga, and Esam Badr. "Energy resource development in the DRC: A scenario planning for hydroelectric potential development by 2050 based on OSeMOSYS." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 14, no. 4 (2025): 751–66. https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.2025.61121.
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Energy planning is a privileged scientific tool, enabling quantified analyses of the energy future of countries or regions of the world. These analyses provide a scientific basis for energy policies and implementation strategies. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), despite its considerable hydroelectric potential, makes little use of its resources due to various challenges, leaving a large part of the population without access to electricity, which hampers community and economic development. This article analyzes the opportunities for developing the hydroelectric potential of the DRC up to 2050. Using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System), prospective modelling was carried out to assess the technical, economic and environmental impacts of an ambitious energy scenario centered on hydropower (Scenario HYDRO). The study develops an energy modelling approach for the DRC, considering demand, supply and energy policies, based on reliable data and aimed at optimizing the use of resources, in particular hydroelectric potential. The results indicate a potential installed capacity of 23 GW by 2050, dominated by hydropower (83%). This scenario meets the growing needs of national electrification, with 70% of the energy designated for the residential sector. The study highlights a significant reduction in CO2 emissions, estimated at 1,229 Mt cumulative by 2050. However, achieving these targets will require around USD 100 billion in investment. The results provide a sound basis for the development of energy policies in the DRC that will promote universal access to sustainable energy, reduce carbon emissions, reduce pressure on forests and ensure energy security. The results of this study recommend massive investment in hydropower, standardization of the electricity sector and improved data collection to achieve universal electrification and significantly reduce CO2 emissions in the DRC by 2050.
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Silva, Tatiana Bruce da, Patrícia Baptista, Carlos A. Santos Silva, and Luan Santos. "Climate Change Mitigation Policies in the Transportation Sector in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." Environments 7, no. 11 (2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments7110099.
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This study analyzes climate change mitigation policies focused on light-duty electric vehicles (LDEVs) in the transportation sector in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, in the 2016–2050 period. We use the Open Source Energy Modeling System (OSeMOSYS) to analyze scenarios that consider greater uptake of LDEVs in different time frames, implementation of a CO2 emission restriction policy, exclusion of fossil fuels from the power mix, and a combination of these policies. We find that carbon pricing, along with higher rates of LDEVs adoption, causes the highest emission reductions (up to 47%), albeit at higher costs. LDEVs become the preferred vehicle technology as soon as they reach cost parity with internal combustion engine vehicles in different scenarios. Greater LDEVs uptake, however, leads to increased electricity consumption (up to 3%), which is provided by fossil fuels when there is no emission restriction policy. If restrictions are placed on the expansion of fossil fuel power plants, fewer LDEVs are adopted (up to less than 26%) because there is not enough electricity to supply the demand. Given the state’s power mix in 2016 (58% provided by fossil fuels), investment in zero-carbon energy is necessary for mitigation policies in the transportation sector to be effective.
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Shivakumar, Abhishek, Thomas Alfstad, and Taco Niet. "A clustering approach to improve spatial representation in water-energy-food models." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 11 (2021): 114027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac2ce9.
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Abstract Currently available water-energy-food (WEF) modelling frameworks to analyse cross-sectoral interactions often share one or more of the following gaps: (a) lack of integration between sectors, (b) coarse spatial representation, and (c) lack of reproducible methods of nexus assessment. In this paper, we present a novel clustering tool as an expansion to the Climate-Land-Energy-Water-Systems modelling framework used to quantify inter-sectoral linkages between water, energy, and food systems. The clustering tool uses Agglomerative Hierarchical clustering to aggregate spatial data related to the land and water sectors. Using clusters of aggregated data reconciles the need for a spatially resolved representation of the land-use and water sectors with the computational and data requirements to efficiently solve such a model. The aggregated clusters, combined together with energy system components, form an integrated resource planning structure. The modelling framework is underpinned by an open-source energy system modelling tool—OSeMOSYS—and uses publicly available data with global coverage. By doing so, the modelling framework allows for reproducible WEF nexus assessments. The approach is used to explore the inter-sectoral linkages between the energy, land-use, and water sectors of Viet Nam out to 2030. A validation of the clustering approach confirms that underlying trends actual crop yield data are preserved in the resultant clusters. Finally, changes in cultivated area of selected crops are observed and differences in levels of crop migration are identified.
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Caillard, Amandine, Rudolf Yeganyan, Carla Cannone, Fernando Plazas-Niño, and Mark Howells. "A Critical Analysis of Morocco’s Green Hydrogen Roadmap: A Modelling Approach to Assess Country Readiness from the Energy Trilemma Perspective." Climate 12, no. 5 (2024): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli12050061.
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Morocco, despite its heavy reliance on imported fossil fuels, which made up 68% of electricity generation in 2020, has recognised its significant renewable energy potential. The Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) commitment is to reduce emissions by 45.5% from baseline levels with international assistance and abstain from constructing new coal plants. Moreover, the Green Hydrogen Roadmap aims to export 10 TWh of green hydrogen by 2030, as well as use it for local electricity storage. This paper critically analyses this Roadmap and Morocco’s readiness to reach its ambitious targets, focusing specifically on an energy trilemma perspective and using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source energy Modelling System) for energy modelling. The results reveal that the NDC scenario is only marginally more expensive than the least-cost scenario, at around 1.3% (approximately USD 375 million), and facilitates a 23.32% emission reduction by 2050. An important note is the continued reliance on existing coal power plants across all scenarios, which challenges both energy security and emissions. The assessment of the Green Hydrogen Scenarios highlights that it could be too costly for the Moroccan government to fund the Green Hydrogen Roadmap at this scale, which leads to increased imports of polluting fossil fuels for cost reduction. In fact, the emission levels are 39% higher in the green hydrogen exports scenario than in the least-cost scenario. Given these findings, it is recommended that the Green Hydrogen Roadmap be re-evaluated, with a suggestion for a postponement and reduction in scope.
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Cannone, Carla, Pooya Hoseinpoori, Leigh Martindale, et al. "Addressing Challenges in Long-Term Strategic Energy Planning in LMICs: Learning Pathways in an Energy Planning Ecosystem." Energies 16, no. 21 (2023): 7267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16217267.
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This paper presents an innovative approach to addressing critical global challenges in long-term energy planning for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The paper proposes and tests an international enabling environment, a delivery ecosystem, and a community of practice. These components are integrated into workflows that yield four self-sustaining capacity-development outcomes. Planning long-term energy strategies in LMICs is particularly challenging due to limited national agency and poor international coordination. While outsourcing energy planning to foreign experts may appear to be a viable solution, it can lead to a reduction in government agency (the ability of a government to make its own informed analysis and decisions). Additionally, studies commissioned by external experts may have conflicting terms of reference, and a lack of familiarity with local conditions can result in misrepresentations of on-the-ground realities. It is argued here that enhancing national agency and analytical capacity can improve coordination and lead to more robust planning across line ministries and technical assistance (TA) providers. Moreover, the prevailing consulting model hampers the release and accessibility of underlying analytics, making it difficult to retrieve, reuse, and reconstruct consultant outputs. The absence of interoperability among outputs from various consultants hinders the ability to combine and audit the insights they provide. To overcome these challenges, five strategic principles for energy planning in LMICs have been introduced and developed in collaboration with 21 international and research organizations, including the AfDB, IEA, IRENA, IAEA, UNDP, UNECA, the World Bank, and WRI. These principles prioritize national ownership, coherence and inclusivity, capacity, robustness, transparency and accessibility. In this enabling environment, a unique delivery ecosystem consisting of knowledge products and activities is established. The paper focuses on two key knowledge products as examples of this ecosystem: the open-source energy modeling system (OSeMOSYS) and the power system flexibility tool (IRENA FlexTool). These ecosystem elements are designed to meet user-friendliness, retrievability, reusability, reconstructability, repeatability, interoperability, and audibility (U4RIA) goals. To ensure the sustainability of this ecosystem, OpTIMUS is introduced—a community of practice dedicated to maintaining, supporting, expanding, and nurturing the elements within the ecosystem. Among other ecosystem elements, training and research initiatives are introduced, namely the Energy Modelling Platform for Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia-Pacific as well as the ICTP Joint Summer School on Modelling Tools for Sustainable Development. Once deployed via workflows, the preliminary outcomes of these capacity-development learning pathways show promise. Further investigation is necessary to evaluate their long-term impacts, scalability, replication, and deployment costs.
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Howells, Mark, Brent Boehlert, and Pablo César Benitez. "Potential Climate Change Risks to Meeting Zimbabwe’s NDC Goals and How to Become Resilient." Energies 14, no. 18 (2021): 5827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185827.
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Almost all countries have committed to develop Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) to reduce GHG emissions. They determine the level of GHG mitigation that, as a nation, they will commit to reducing. Zimbabwe has ambitious and laudable GHG mitigation targets. Compared to a coal-based future, emissions will be reduced by 33% per capita by 2030. If historical climate conditions continue, it can do this at low or negative cost if suitable sources of climate financing are in place. The NDC plots a positive future. However, much of Zimbabwe’s NDC mitigation center on hydropower generation and other measures that are dangerously vulnerable to climate change. Should the climate change in accordance with recent projections, these investments will be at risk, severely constraining electricity supply and causing high degrees of economic damage. This paper uses the Open-Source energy Modelling SYStem (OSeMOSYS) to consider two adaptation pathways that address this vulnerability. In the first, the country turns to a historically accessible option, namely the deployment of coal. In so doing, the electrical system is made more resilient, but emissions ramp up. The second pathway ‘climate proofs’ the power sector by boosting solar and wind capacity, using hydropower to provide balance for these new renewable resources, and introducing significant energy efficiency measures. This second pathway would require a set of extra accompanying investments and changes to the power market rules, but allows for both system resilience and NDC targets to be met. The paper shows that Zimbabwe’s low emissions growth can be made resilient, and while this path promises strong benefits, it also requires strong commitment and political will. From this paper insights are drawn and requirements for future analysis are made. Two critical insights are that: (i) NDCs that focus on mitigation should include resilience in their design. If they do not, they can introduce deep vulnerability; (ii) a departure from historical electricity market structures appears to hold potential for strong environmental, cost and reliability gains.
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Khanh, Nguyen Binh, Phuong Le Ngo, Luong Ngoc Giap, et al. "A review of open-source energy system modeling tools." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (2025): 469. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v14.i2.pp469-480.
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Nowadays, the transition to open markets, the rapid growth of renewable energy sources like wind and solar, and the shift towards electrification in transportation and industry for decarbonization have increased the demand for advanced energy system models with detailed spatial and temporal data. This paper utilizes a comprehensive literature review and selects a representative set of open-source tools for evaluation. A comparative analysis of 17 open-source energy system modeling tools and their commercial alternatives was conducted. The paper analyzes many open-source aspects such as code commits, updates, programming languages, license details, citations, and energy system modeling features such as power flows (PFs), continuation PF, dynamic analysis, short-circuit analysis, contingency analysis, transportation model, optimal PF (OPF), multi-period OPF, unit commitment (UC), investment optimization, and graphic user interface. Based on the results, the paper suggests appropriate tools used for according power/energy system analysis objective: MATPOWER for power system analysis and Python for power system analysis (PyPSA) for energy system analysis.
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Becker, Gregor, Christian Klemm, and Peter Vennemann. "Open Source District Heating Modeling Tools—A Comparative Study." Energies 15, no. 21 (2022): 8277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218277.
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Heating networks are highly relevant for the achievement of climate protection goals of urban energy systems. This is due to their high renewable energy potential combined with high plant efficiency and utilization rates. For the optimal integration and sector coupling of heating networks in holistic urban energy systems, open source energy system modeling tools are highly recommended. In this contribution, two open source approaches (the “Spreadsheet Energy System Model Generator”-integrated DHNx-Python module (DHNx/SESMG) and Thermos) are theoretically compared, and practically applied to a real-world energy system. Deviations within the results can be explained by incorrectly pre-defined parameters within Thermos and cannot be adjusted by the modeler. The simultaneity is underestimated in the case study by Thermos by more than 20%. This results in undersized heating plant capacities and a 50% higher number of buildings connected to the network. However, Thermos offers a higher end-user usability and over 100 times faster solving. DHNx/SESMG, in contrast, offers the possibility to adjust more model parameters individually and consider multiple energy sectors. This enables a holistic modeling of urban energy systems and the model-based optimization of multi-sectoral synergies.
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DeCarolis, Joseph F., Paulina Jaramillo, Jeremiah X. Johnson, et al. "Leveraging Open-Source Tools for Collaborative Macro-energy System Modeling Efforts." Joule 5, no. 2 (2021): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.01.004.
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DeCarolis, Joseph F., Paulina Jaramillo, Jeremiah X. Johnson, et al. "Leveraging Open-Source Tools for Collaborative Macro-energy System Modeling Efforts." Joule 4, no. 12 (2020): 2523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.11.002.
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Hussain, Tanveer, Juan Gallego-Calderon, and S. M. Shafiul Alam. "Open Source High Fidelity Modeling of a Type-5 Wind Turbine Drivetrain." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2626, no. 1 (2023): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2626/1/012018.
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Abstract The increasing integration of renewable energy resources in evolving bulk power system (BPS) is impacting the system inertia. Type-5 wind turbine generation has the potential to behave like a traditional synchronous generator and can help mitigate the impact on system inertia. A hydraulic torque converter (TC) and gearbox with torque limiting feature are integral parts of a Type-5 wind turbine unit. A high fidelity model of Type-5 wind turbine drivetrain is not openly and widely available for grid integration and transient stability studies. This hinders appropriate assessment of Type-5 wind power plant’s contribution to bulk grid resilience. This work develops and validates a TC model based on those generally used in automobile’s transmission system. Moreover, the concept of torsional coupling is leveraged to integrate the TC and gearbox system dynamics. The entire integrated model will be open sourced and publicly available for grid integration studies.
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Amar, Nissim, Aaron Shmaryahu, Michael Coletti, and Ilan Aharon. "Sizing Procedure for System Hybridization Based on Experimental Source Modeling in Grid Application." Energies 14, no. 15 (2021): 4685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154685.
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Hybridization of sources is spreading worldwide by utilizing renewable sources and storage units as standard parts of every grid. The conjunction of energy source and storage type open the door to reshaping the sustainability and robustness of the mains while improving system parameters such as efficiency and fuel consumption. The solution fits existing networks as well as new ones. The study proposes the creation of an accurate optimal sizing procedure for setting the required rating of each type of source. The first step is to model the storage and energy sources by using real experimental results for creating the generic database. Then, data on the mission profile, system constraints, and the minimization target function are inserted. The mission profile is then analyzed to determine the minimum and maximum energy source rating. Next, the real time energy management system controller is used to find the set of solutions for each available energy source and the optimal compatible storage in the revealed band to fulfil the mission task. A Pareto-curve is then plotted to present the optimal findings of the sizing procedure. Ultimately, the main research contribution is the far more accurate sizing results. A case study shows that relying on the standard method leads to noncompliance of sizing constraints, while the proposed procedure leads to fulfilling the mission successfully. First, by utilizing experimentally based energy and a storage unit. Second, by using the same real time energy management system controller in the sizing procedure.
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Mohammed, Ibrahim Nourein, Elkin Giovanni Romero Bustamante, John Dennis Bolten, and Everett James Nelson. "Technical note: NASAaccess – a tool for access, reformatting, and visualization of remotely sensed earth observation and climate data." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 27, no. 19 (2023): 3621–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3621-2023.
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Abstract. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has launched a new initiative, the Open-Source Science Initiative (OSSI), to enable and support science towards openness. The OSSI supports open-source software development and dissemination. In this work, we present NASAaccess, which is an open-source software package and web-based environmental modeling application for earth observation data accessing, reformatting, and presenting quantitative data products. The main objective of developing the NASAaccess platform is to facilitate exploration, modeling, and understanding of earth data for scientists, stakeholders, and concerned citizens whose objectives align with the new OSSI goals. The NASAaccess platform is available as software packages (i.e., the R and conda packages) as well as an interactive-format web-based environmental modeling application for earth observation data developed with Tethys Platform. NASAaccess has been envisioned as lowering the technical barriers and simplifying the process of accessing scalable distributed computing resources and leveraging additional software for data and computationally intensive modeling frameworks. Specifically, NASAaccess has been developed to meet the need for seamless earth observation remote-sensing and climate data ingestion into various hydrological modeling frameworks. Moreover, NASAaccess is also contributing to keeping interested parties and stakeholders engaged with environmental modeling, accessing the information available in various remote-sensing products. NASAaccess' current capabilities cover various NASA datasets and products that include the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) data products, the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) land surface states and fluxes, and the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX-GDDP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) climate change dataset products.
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Fedotova, Ekaterina, Ekaterina Voronkova, Davide Fioriti, and Maximilian Parzen. "Open source modeling for planing sustainable power development in resource-rich economies: case study for Kazakhstan." E3S Web of Conferences 422 (2023): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342202002.
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Power sector decarbonization is currently seen as a necessary condition of sustainable development in the modern world. options of resources-rich economies. Energy modeling is an effective measure to elaborate long-term decarbonisation policies. However, energy modeling evidence available for resources-rich economies remain up to the date limited, especially in part of realistic representation of the power system operation. We apply open code and open data approach to fill this gap considering a case study for Kazakhstan power system. The modeling input datasets have been validated against independent data sources with a satisfactory result. The simulation outputs are plausible both in terms reproducing the main features of the “pragmatic” scenario and in providing useful insights for the implementation of net-zero pathways. Renewable energy sources have been found to be economically viable even under the considered “pragmatic” scenario with quite conservative assumptions. Existing coal generation has been shown to dominate the investments costs hampering implementation of renewable power. A role of the power interconnection has been demonstrated for an economically optimal generation mix and a level of marginal electricity costs across the country. The results are intended to support energy transition implementation in the resources-rich economies under realistic technological assumptions.
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Weibezahn, Jens, and Mario Kendziorski. "Illustrating the Benefits of Openness: A Large-Scale Spatial Economic Dispatch Model Using the Julia Language." Energies 12, no. 6 (2019): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061153.
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In this paper we introduce a five-fold approach to open science comprised of open data, open-source software (that is, programming and modeling tools, model code, and numerical solvers), as well as open-access dissemination. The advantages of open energy models are being discussed. A fully open-source bottom-up electricity sector model with high spatial resolution using the Julia programming environment is then being developed, describing source code and a data set for Germany. This large-scale model of the electricity market includes both generation dispatch from thermal and renewable sources in the spot market as well as the physical transmission network, minimizing total system costs in a linear approach. It calculates the economic dispatch on an hourly basis for a full year, taking into account demand, infeed from renewables, storage, and exchanges with neighboring countries. Following the open approach, the model code and used data set are fully publicly accessible and we use open-source solvers like ECOS and CLP. The model is then being benchmarked regarding runtime of building and solving against a representation in GAMS as a commercial algebraic modeling language and against Gurobi, CPLEX, and Mosek as commercial solvers. With this paper we demonstrate in a proof-of-concept the power and abilities, as well as the beauty of open-source modeling systems. This openness has the potential to increase the transparency of policy advice and to empower stakeholders with fewer financial possibilities.
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Koval, Serhii, Gennadii Voropaiev, Vitalii Korobov, and Natalia Dimitrieva. "MODELING GASEOUS CAVITY IN FLUID FLOW." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Mathematical modeling in engineering and technologies, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2222-0631.2023.01.19.
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The paper considers the formation of a ventilated cavity in a flow of water behind a streamlined body. Numerical modeling of the two-phase flow is based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. The system of equations for the water-air mixture consists of the Navier-Stokes equation, continuity equation, energy conservation equation, and diffusion equation, and the equations of state (ideal gas equation, Boussinesq approximation). This system is closed by the Smagorinsky model of turbulence (the model of large eddies). The geometry was designed in accordance with the experimental cavitator using the SALOME open package. The calculation mesh was built by the method of cutting out the geometry from the calculation domain and step-by-step densification near the streamlined body using the snappyHexMesh utility. The results of the simulation of the formation of the air cavity behind the disk cavitator are presented. The influence of the parameters such as air injection velocity, water flow velocity on the formation of the air cavity, its size and stability is illustrated. An approximation dependence is proposed that describes the main parameters of the system. Numerical simulation of the non-stationary problem of the two-phase flow of two compressible fluids without a phase change was done using the compressibleInterFoam numerical model of the open-source package OpenFOAM. The obtained results were analyzed and compared with experimental data. The perspectives of subsequent studies related to the development of a three-phase numerical model using open source packages of programs for accounting for natural cavitation are ilustrated.
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Stevanato, Nicolo, Lorenzo Rinaldi, Stefano Pistolese, Sergio Luis Balderrama Subieta, Sylvain Quoilin, and Emanuela Colombo. "Modeling of a Village-Scale Multi-Energy System for the Integrated Supply of Electric and Thermal Energy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (2020): 7445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217445.
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Energy system models for off-grid systems usually tend to focus solely on the provision of electricity for powering simple appliances, thus neglecting more energy-intensive and critical needs, such as water heating. The adoption of a Multi-Energy System (MES) perspective would allow us not only to provide comprehensive solutions addressing all types of energy demand, but also to exploit synergies between the electric and thermal sectors. To this end, we expand an existing open-source micro-grid optimization model with a complementary thermal model. Results show how the latter achieves optimal solutions that are otherwise restricted, allowing for a reduction in the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of 59% compared to a conventional microgrid, and an increase of reliance on renewable sources of 70%.
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Agostinelli, Sofia, Fabrizio Cumo, Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Giuseppe Orsini, and Giuseppe Piras. "Renewable Energy System Controlled by Open-Source Tools and Digital Twin Model: Zero Energy Port Area in Italy." Energies 15, no. 5 (2022): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051817.
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The present paper deals with an infrastructure digitization policy to optimize maintenance processes and energy efficiency to transform port areas to ZED (Zero Energy District). The Lazio Region started the process for all its ports in 2020. The Anzio port started and developed as a pilot project as it is a particularly representative sample for the Mediterranean Sea reality due to its geomorphological conformation. The study aimed to develop energy-saving procedures and strategies and integrate production systems from Renewable Energy Systems (RESs) for sustainable mobility. In the article, these strategies are described in detail and energy analysis is carried out, starting from the current state and demonstrating the potential energy self-sufficiency of the infrastructure. Finally, the investigation’s potential utilizing a Digital Twin (DT) of the area is highlighted. Furthermore, the BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System) combining possibility to maximize the energy efficiency measures beneficial impact are discussed.
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Pereira, Helder, Bruno Ribeiro, Luis Gomes, and Zita Vale. "Smart Grid Ecosystem Modeling Using a Novel Framework for Heterogenous Agent Communities." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (2022): 15983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315983.
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The modeling of smart grids using multi-agent systems is a common approach due to the ability to model complex and distributed systems using an agent-based solution. However, the use of a multi-agent system framework can limit the integration of new operation and management models, especially artificial intelligence algorithms. Therefore, this paper presents a study of available open-source multi-agent systems frameworks developed in Python, as it is a growing programming language and is largely used for data analytics and artificial intelligence models. As a consequence of the presented study, the authors proposed a novel open-source multi-agent system framework built for smart grid modeling, entitled Python-based framework for heterogeneous agent communities (PEAK). This framework enables the use of simulation environments but also allows real integration at pilot sites using a real-time clock. To demonstrate the capabilities of the PEAK framework, a novel agent ecosystem based on agent communities is shown and tested. This novel ecosystem, entitled Agent-based ecosystem for Smart Grid modeling (A4SG), takes full advantage of the PEAK framework and enables agent mobility, agent branching, and dynamic agent communities. An energy community of 20 prosumers, of which six have energy storage systems, that can share energy among them, using a peer-to-peer market, is used to test and validate the PEAK and A4SG solutions.
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De-Jesús-Grullón, Ramón E., Rafael Omar Batista Jorge, Abraham Espinal Serrata, Justin Eladio Bueno Díaz, Juan José Pichardo Estévez, and Nestor Francisco Guerrero-Rodríguez. "Modeling and Simulation of Distribution Networks with High Renewable Penetration in Open-Source Software: QGIS and OpenDSS." Energies 17, no. 12 (2024): 2925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122925.
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There are important challenges in modeling large electrical distribution circuits, especially with the presence of distributed renewable generation. Constructing simulations to assess the effect of the penetration of distributed generation on electrical distribution networks has become of great importance for Distribution Network Operators (DNOs). This paper proposes a simulation strategy based on open-source platforms and the integration of scripting tools for the rapid modeling of large-scale electrical distribution circuits with distributed renewable generation. The implementation is based on the adaptation of a tool called QGIS2OpenDSS, which creates OpenDSS distribution network models directly from an open-source geographic information system, QGIS. The plugin’s capabilities are demonstrated using a real distribution feeder with more than 60% penetration of renewable generation based on photovoltaic systems. These simulations are carried out using real data from a circuit provided by a DNO in the Dominican Republic, which is used to demonstrate how this approach provides a more accessible and flexible way to simulate and assess the effect of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) networks, enabling utilities to evaluate system performance and identify potential issues. The integration of this open-source tool within the DNO software stack enables users to apply it according to specific project needs, enhancing their capability to analyze and manage high DER penetration levels, aiding in better planning, operation, and decision-making processes related to renewable energy projects.
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Tumminello, D., T. Bacci, B. Facchini, F. Stortiero, and G. Castelli. "Numerical modeling and exergetic analysis of efficiency improving solutions for a micro-CAES system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2648, no. 1 (2023): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2648/1/012045.
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Abstract The development of cost-effective energy storage systems with low environmental impact is crucial for the energy transition to enable the widespread use of renewable energy sources. Within this context, there is an increasing interest in Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES), especially for its potential application in small-scale off-grid systems. In this study, a numerical model of a micro-CAES system for off-grid applications, with an output power of 5kW, is developed; the open source, object-oriented software OpenModelica is used and the model is validated by comparison with available experimental data. Following the validation, the model is used to identify the main exergetic losses and a series of efficiency enhancing solutions are evaluated, using the round-trip efficiency as an indicator. The study allows to identify the main technical aspects to focus on, in ordedr to improve the system, as well as the limit performance that the adopted CAES concept would allow to achieve.
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Hall, Matthew. "Generalized Quasi-Static Mooring System Modeling with Analytic Jacobians." Energies 17, no. 13 (2024): 3155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133155.
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This paper presents a generalized and efficient method for quasi-static analysis of mooring systems, including complex scenarios such as when shared mooring lines interconnect multiple floating wind or wave energy devices. While quasi-static mooring models are well established, most published formulations are focused on specific applications, and no publicly available implementations provide efficient handling of large mooring system networks. The present formulation addresses these gaps by: (1) formulating solutions for edge cases not typically supported by quasi-static models; (2) creating a fully generalized model structure such that any combination of mooring lines, point masses, and floating bodies can be assembled; and (3) deriving analytic expressions for the system Jacobians (stiffness matrices) so that systems with many degrees of freedom can be solved efficiently. These techniques form the theory basis of MoorPy, an open-source mooring analysis library. The model is demonstrated on nine scenarios of increasing complexity with features of interest for offshore renewable energy applications. When compared with steady-state results from a lumped-mass dynamic model, the results show that the quasi-static formulation accurately calculates profiles and tensions and that its analytic approach provides more efficient and reliable computation of system stiffness matrices than finite-differencing methods. These results verify the accuracy of the MoorPy model.
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Perez Estevez, Manuel Antonio, and Massimiliano Renzi. "Open-source tool for battery module simulation and design." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2330, no. 1 (2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2330/1/012010.
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Abstract Electric and hybrid vehicles are two of the most promising solutions to meet the new emission requirements of the transportation sector. The energy storage system is their most critical component in terms of performance. Therefore, battery modeling plays an important role for designing and controlling battery modules. Up to now, the design of battery modules is conditioned by the use of expensive tools that involve long simulation times; in response to this, the present work introduces an open-source tool developed in Python to study the performance of battery modules and contribute to their design. To show the scope and use of the tool, a theoretical case study is presented. In particular, the effect of slight differences in cells behavior, due to manufacturing process or aging, is shown at the module level. A SOC difference of 2.5%, due to current imbalances, was obtained among the cells after discharge for a small battery module with new cells. This result points out the importance of accurate and fast module models to correctly predict the remaining travel range and the need for an online parameters identification procedure. In addition, the temperature distribution in the module along with the heat generated by the cells, also estimated by the tool, can be used for proper design and control of the battery cooling system.
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Hillen, Maximilian, Patrik Schönfeldt, Philip Groesdonk, and Bernhard Hoffschmidt. "Integration of a Europe-wide public building database with retrofit strategies and a thermal inertia model into an open-source optimization framework." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1363, no. 1 (2024): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1363/1/012013.
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Abstract The building sector currently accounts for 40% of global energy consumption and one third of total greenhouse gas emissions, with a significant portion allocated to thermal energy supply. Achieving global climate goals requires the transition to renewables in energy supply systems. The cost efficiency first principle suggests that improving energy efficiency is a key measure on that way, which includes building envelope retrofits. Open-Source tools for optimization of building energy systems exist, e.g. the open energy system framework (oemof), a tool equipped with a comprehensive library of generic components that empowers energy system modeling and optimization. However, these tools typically lack the linkage between retrofit strategies and energy system optimization, do not consider the thermal inertia of the building in the operational optimization and require extensive input data. In this contribution, we present a new open-source feature of oemof that combines the 5RC thermal building model (based on ISO 13790) with the TABULA building database and makes them available for optimization workflows. This enables oemof to optimize the energy system design and operation, including the thermal inertia and controlling the indoor temperature within a comfort zone. The optimization is performed for three residential building retrofit states in hourly time steps with a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) approach. The chosen approach works with little input data for 20 European countries and allows the optimization of a wide range of residential buildings for three retrofit states. A case study demonstrates the applicability of the new method.
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Severina, Y. D., V. A. Shakirov, and L. N. Takaishvili. "Modeling the Development of Energy Systems of Remote Areas in the Context of the Energy Transition." Energy Systems Research 7, no. 4(28) (2024): 38–48. https://doi.org/10.25729/esr.2024.04.0005.
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This study focuses on the relevance of modeling the long-term development of energy systems in the context of the energy transition. The comparative analysis of software products for the modeling of energy systems and complexes is presented. Open source software such as SpineOpt, PyPsa, Switch, TEMOA, and TIMES are discussed in more detail. Based on this comparative analysis, SpineOpt is selected for further use as it is most feature-rich. The use of SpineOpt is considered in modeling the long-term development of the energy system of Novikovo located on the Tonin-Aniva peninsula in the Sakhalin region. An overview of the energy system, outline of plausible development options, and chosen key technologies are provided. The time frame of modeling extends to 2050 with multiple scenarios of development of the area considered. The scenarios differed in the constraints imposed on CO2 emissions and new capacity additions of renewables. For each scenario, the model produced the optimal dynamics of evolution of the electricity generation mix, along with estimates of costs, greenhouse gas emissions, and hydrogen and germanium production volumes. Total CO2 emissions during the modeled timespan, which extended to 2050, were about 946 thousand tons under the most stringent constraints, and 2,458 thousand tons under moderate ones. At the same time, capital expenditures for the construction of energy facilities amounted to $51.6 million and $45.8 million, respectively. The solutions resulting from modeling enable identifying the most promising areas for development and technologies to be adopted.
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Ott, Etienne, Heiner Steinacker, Matthias Stickel, Christian Kley, and M. Norbert Fisch. "Dynamic open-source simulation engine for generic modeling of district-scale energy systems with focus on sector coupling and complex operational strategies." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2600, no. 2 (2023): 022009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2600/2/022009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper introduces a new simulation engine for generic modeling that allows fast and efficient simulation of the energy supply of district-scale sector-coupled energy systems during their early planning stage. The engine combines rule-based control algorithms, system dynamics modeling and an agent-based approach to simulate energy systems, while providing extensive possibilities to model complex operational strategies without requiring linearisation. The simulation engine determines the energy flow and operational state of all components at each time step, providing a comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the system’s behavior. Users can select and size technologies, determine the connections between technical components, and define operational strategies individually. The underlying mathematical model is based on energy balances, with a special emphasis on the order in which the supplied, requested, and transformed energy is calculated. Additionally, the simulation engine is suitable for black box optimisation e.g. for optimal sizing of components. To demonstrate its applicability, the simulation engine is used to model an exemplary sector-coupled energy system using practice-related operational strategies, and the results show the expected behavior according to the implemented mathematical models and operational strategies. The simulation engine is released as open-source software, making it suitable for participatory development.
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Cutajar, Charise, Tonio Sant, Luke Aquilina, Daniel Buhagiar, and Daniel Baldacchino. "Subsea Long-Duration Energy Storage for Integration with Offshore Wind Farms." Energies 17, no. 24 (2024): 6405. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246405.
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Long-duration energy storage systems are becoming a vital means for decarbonizing the global economy. However, with floating wind farms being commissioned farther offshore, the need to co-locate energy storage with the energy harnessing units is becoming more essential. This paper presents a transient thermal analysis of the charging process of a subsea open-cycle hydro-pneumatic energy storage system. The proposed system is designed for integration with floating wind turbines in deep water sites. Situating the system subsea presents unique opportunities for integration with offshore wind plants through the exploitation of well-known subsea pipeline technology and the surrounding seawater environment, which acts as a natural heat sink/source. The results obtained from numerical modeling in Python© Version 3.7.4 present the variation in various operating parameters with time. The outcomes reveal that the proposed system is able to achieve a work ratio and an energy storage capacity ratio of up to 0.80 and 0.95, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed open-cycle system is predicted to boost the energy storage density by a factor ranging between 2.00 and 8.10 when compared to the energy storage density of conventional closed-cycle units. Namely, the energy storage density of the long-duration energy storage can reach up to 16.20 kWh/m3 when operated in an open-cycle configuration.
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da Silva, Loan Tullio F. W., Marcelo Aroca Tomim, Pedro Gomes Barbosa, Pedro Machado de Almeida, and Robson Francisco da Silva Dias. "Modeling and Simulating Wind Energy Generation Systems by Means of Co-Simulation Techniques." Energies 16, no. 19 (2023): 7013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16197013.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the development of a wind energy conversion system co-simulation based on the Functional Mock-up Interface standard aiming at contributing to the development of co-simulation of large electrical power systems by means of open-source and standardized computational tools. Co-simulation enables the computational burden of a monolithic simulation to be shared among several processing units, significantly reducing processing time. Through the Functional Mock-up Interface standard, developed models are encapsulated into Functional Mock-up Unit, providing an extra means for the protection of intellectual property, a very appealing feature for end users, both in industry and academia. To achieve the decoupling of the subsystems, the Bergeron ideal transmission line model will be used, with travel time equal to the simulation time-step. The computational performance and effectiveness of the proposed co-simulation technique was evaluated with a wind power plant with 50 wind turbines. The system digital models were developed into Modelica language, while co-simulation was implemented in Python.