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Journal articles on the topic 'Pathogenic agent'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Sari, Noorkomala, and Rina Sri Kasiamdari. "Identifikasi dan Uji Patogenisitas Colletotrichum spp. dari Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum): Kasus di Kricaan, Magelang, Jawa Tengah." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no. 2 (2021): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.2.243.

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 The investigation of the agent causing diseases is the first step to determine and control the spread of diseases. Anthracnose causing fruit rot on the red pepper in Indonesia that reduces the yield up to 90%. Colletotrichum is reported as the causative fungal agent of anthracnosis on the red pepper. This study aims to determine the type of Colletotrichum spp. pathogenic fungi on the red pepper collected from Agricultural Field Kricaan, Magelang, Central Java. Methods of identification included macroscopic and microscopic characterization and followed by determining the pathogenicity of the pathogenic agent. In this study, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum are identified as the causative agents of anthracnose in the red pepper collected from the study location. C. acutatum PC3 strain is identified as the most virulent pathogenic agent. Keywords: anthracnosis, diagnosis, diseases, symptoms, pathogen

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2

Kalthoff, Donata, Anja Globig, and Martin Beer. "(Highly pathogenic) avian influenza as a zoonotic agent." Veterinary Microbiology 140, no. 3-4 (2010): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.022.

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3

Steiner, Bruna, Valerio R. Aquino, Alessandra A. Paz, Lucia Mariano da Rocha Silla, Alexandre Zavascki, and Luciano Z. Goldani. "Paecilomyces variotiias an Emergent Pathogenic Agent of Pneumonia." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/273848.

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Paecilomyces variotiiis a commonly occurring species in air and food, and it is also associated with many types of human infections. Pneumonia due toPaecilomyces variotiihas been rarely reported in the medical literature. The authors report a 48-year-old patient with refractory lymphoma who underwent allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation and developed pneumonia due toPaecilomyces variotii. They also review the published case reports of pneumonia caused by this fungus.

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Granata, G., and A. Sidoti. "Biscogniauxia nummularia: pathogenic agent of a beech decline." Forest Pathology 34, no. 6 (2004): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2004.00377.x.

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5

Sajeena, A., Deepthi S. Nair, and K. Sreepavan. "Non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum as a biocontrol agent." Indian Phytopathology 73, no. 2 (2020): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42360-020-00226-x.

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6

Nikiforov, K. A., L. V. Anisimova, G. N. Odinokov, et al. "Development of a Set of Primers for Drug-Resistance Genes Detection in the Agents of Dangerous Bacterial Infections as Exemplified by Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli Strains." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 3 (September 20, 2014): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2014-3-57-60.

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A set of primers for detection of genes encoding resistance to streptomycin ( strA, strB ), tetracyclin ( tetA, tetR ), chloramphenicol ( catА ), kanamycin ( npt , aphA ), vankomycin ( sanA ), polymyxin ( pmrD ) has been developed with the aim of rapid and effective detection of drug-resistant strains of dangerous bacterial infections agents. Efficacy of constructed primers has been confirmed against a panel of 40 Yersinia pestis, 49 Vibrio cholerae, and 2 Escherichia coli strains from the State collection of pathogenic bacteria of the RAPI “Microbe”. Drug-resistance genes ntp and catA have been detected in plague agent strains , strA, strB , npt , aphA , tetA and tetR - in cholera agent; strA , tetR , ntp and aphA - in pathogenic strain E. coli О157:H7. Determined is universal character of the designed primers for drug-resistance genes detection in these pathogenic bacteria species.

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You, Z., X. Ran, Y. Dai, and Y. Ran. "Clioquinol, an alternative antimicrobial agent against common pathogenic microbe." Journal de Mycologie Médicale 28, no. 3 (2018): 492–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.03.007.

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8

Wang, Shih-Chieh, and Nobuyasu Ito. "Pathogenic–dynamic epidemic agent model with an epidemic threshold." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 505 (September 2018): 1038–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.04.035.

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9

McLeod, Catherine J., Louise V. O'Keefe, and Robert I. Richards. "The pathogenic agent in Drosophila models of ‘polyglutamine’ diseases." Human Molecular Genetics 14, no. 8 (2005): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddi096.

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10

Titi, Thongkamngam, and Jaenaksorn Tanimnun. "Fusarium oxysporum (F221-B) as biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic fungi in vitro and in hydroponics." Plant Protection Science 53, No. 2 (2017): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/59/2016-pps.

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Efficacy of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum (F221-B) was assessed as a possible biocontrol agent against fungal pathogens, namely Curvularia lunata (C11, C12), F. semitectum (F113), F. oxysporum f.sp. lactucae (F221-R, F442-G), Rhizoctonia solani (R11, R12), Rhizoctonia sp. (R111, R112, R113) in vitro, while F221-B showed a moderate ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of tested fungi about 36–56%. Then, F221-B was further evaluated for its ability of controlling lettuce root rot and wilt caused by F442-G in hydroponics. It was revealed that F221-B reduced disease incidence and severity about 60–80% compared to the inoculated control and significantly promoted the growth of 3 lettuce varieties. Interestingly, using only F221-B gave the significantly highest fresh weight (twice over the healthy control). Conclusively, this study provides an important suggestion for further development of F221-B since it showed the ability of biocontrol agent and plant growth promoting fungus.

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11

Schoeman, Dewald, and Burtram C. Fielding. "Human Coronaviruses: Counteracting the Damage by Storm." Viruses 13, no. 8 (2021): 1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081457.

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Over the past 18 years, three highly pathogenic human (h) coronaviruses (CoVs) have caused severe outbreaks, the most recent causative agent, SARS-CoV-2, being the first to cause a pandemic. Although much progress has been made since the COVID-19 pandemic started, much about SARS-CoV-2 and its disease, COVID-19, is still poorly understood. The highly pathogenic hCoVs differ in some respects, but also share some similarities in clinical presentation, the risk factors associated with severe disease, and the characteristic immunopathology associated with the progression to severe disease. This review aims to highlight these overlapping aspects of the highly pathogenic hCoVs—SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2—briefly discussing the importance of an appropriately regulated immune response; how the immune response to these highly pathogenic hCoVs might be dysregulated through interferon (IFN) inhibition, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA); and how these could link to the ensuing cytokine storm. The treatment approaches to highly pathogenic hCoV infections are discussed and it is suggested that a greater focus be placed on T-cell vaccines that elicit a cell-mediated immune response, using rapamycin as a potential agent to improve vaccine responses in the elderly and obese, and the potential of stapled peptides as antiviral agents.

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12

Power, Christopher, Joseph M. Antony, Kristofor K. Ellestad, André Deslauriers, Rakesh Bhat, and Farshid Noorbakhsh. "The Human Microbiome in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenic or Protective Constituents?" Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 37, S2 (2010): S24—S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031716710002240x.

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ABSTRACT:The human microbiome is comprised of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, which exert diverse effects in close proximity to the site of intection as well as in remote tissues through immune-mediated mechanisms. Multiple infectious agents have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) with variable findings depending on the agent, techniques, and disease phenotype. Herein, the contributions of individual infectious agents to MS and their effects on the immune and nervous systems are reviewed, focusing on herpes viruses, coronaviruses, retroviruses, and synchronic infections. While infectious agents are often assumed to be pathogenic, their effects might also be beneficial to the host in the long-term, depending on age and the type of immunogen/pathogen exposure, as proposed by the hygiene hypothesis. The human microbiome has potential impact on future diagnostic and therapeutic issues in MS.

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Shen, Jin-Wen, Yuan Ruan, Wei Ren, Bing-Ji Ma, Xiao-Long Wang, and Chun-Feng Zheng. "Lycorine: A Potential Broad-Spectrum Agent Against Crop Pathogenic Fungi." Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24, no. 3 (2014): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1310.10063.

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14

Abouelhassan, Yasmeen, Qingping Yang, Hussain Yousaf, et al. "Nitroxoline: a broad-spectrum biofilm-eradicating agent against pathogenic bacteria." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 49, no. 2 (2017): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.10.017.

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15

Aashima, Satish Kumar Pandey, Suman Singh, and S. K. Mehta. "Biocompatible gadolinium oxide nanoparticles as efficient agent against pathogenic bacteria." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 529 (November 2018): 496–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.06.030.

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Mallet, M., C. Loiez, H. Melliez, Y. Yazdanpanah, E. Senneville, and X. Lemaire. "Staphylococcus simulans as an authentic pathogenic agent of osteoarticular infections." Infection 39, no. 5 (2011): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-011-0173-x.

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17

Kay, R. M., and P. Poole. "Lactobacillus acidophilus fed as a probiotic in the rearing of purchased calves." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600017785.

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For successful rearing of purchased calves, healthy animals with good utiization of feed are main objectives for profitability. Growth rate feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and health are adversely affected by pathogenic bacteria and antibiotics or chemotheraputic agents have been used as feed additives for several years. These may depress useful, non pathogenic bacteria and certain strains of pathogenic bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics. Probiotics are becoming increasingly advocated as being of benefit to calf rearers as a feed additive to improve the growth rates and health of rearing calves. An experiment at Drayton E.H.F. investigated the use of Lactobacillus acidophilus as a probiotic agent during the rearing period of purchased calves.

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18

Gutiérrez-Barranquero, José A., Francisco M. Cazorla, Juan Antonio Torés, and Antonio de Vicente. "Pantoea agglomerans as a New Etiological Agent of a Bacterial Necrotic Disease of Mango Trees." Phytopathology® 109, no. 1 (2019): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-06-18-0186-r.

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Bacterial apical necrosis of mango trees, a disease elicited by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, is a primary limiting factor of mango crop production in the Mediterranean region. In this study, a collection of bacterial isolates associated with necrotic symptoms in mango trees similar to those produced by bacterial apical necrosis disease were isolated over five consecutive years in orchards from the Canary Islands. The bacterial isolates were characterized and identified as Pantoea agglomerans. Pathogenicity tests conducted on onion bulbs and mango plants confirmed that P. agglomerans strains isolated from mango trees are a new etiological agent of a bacterial necrotic disease in the Canary Islands. Pathogenicity plasmids of the pPATH family have been previously reported in P. agglomerans. The majority of putatively pathogenic (n = 23) and pathogenic (n = 4) P. agglomerans strains isolated from mango trees harbored four plasmids, one of which was close in size to the 135-kb pPATH pathogenicity plasmid. The analysis of the presence of two major genes in pPATH plasmids (repA and hrpJ) was undertaken in P. agglomerans strains isolated from mango trees. The hrpJ gene was detected in the 140-kb plasmid of pathogenic P. agglomerans strains isolated from mango trees but it showed differences in nucleotide sequences compared with other pathogenic strains. In contrast, the repA gene was not detected in any of the putatively pathogenic and pathogenic P. agglomerans strains isolated from mango trees. Finally, genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis using the hrpJ gene and the housekeeping genes gyrB and rpoB showed that almost all P. agglomerans strains that were putatively pathogenic and pathogenic on mango trees clustered together, forming a differentiated phylogroup with respect to the other pathogenic P. agglomerans strains described from other hosts.

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19

Abdoulaye, Assane Hamidou, Mohamed Frahat Foda, and Ioly Kotta-Loizou. "Viruses Infecting the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Rhizoctonia solani." Viruses 11, no. 12 (2019): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11121113.

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The cosmopolitan fungus Rhizoctonia solani has a wide host range and is the causal agent of numerous crop diseases, leading to significant economic losses. To date, no cultivars showing complete resistance to R. solani have been identified and it is imperative to develop a strategy to control the spread of the disease. Fungal viruses, or mycoviruses, are widespread in all major groups of fungi and next-generation sequencing (NGS) is currently the most efficient approach for their identification. An increasing number of novel mycoviruses are being reported, including double-stranded (ds) RNA, circular single-stranded (ss) DNA, negative sense (−)ssRNA, and positive sense (+)ssRNA viruses. The majority of mycovirus infections are cryptic with no obvious symptoms on the hosts; however, some mycoviruses may alter fungal host pathogenicity resulting in hypervirulence or hypovirulence and are therefore potential biological control agents that could be used to combat fungal diseases. R. solani harbors a range of dsRNA and ssRNA viruses, either belonging to established families, such as Endornaviridae, Tymoviridae, Partitiviridae, and Narnaviridae, or unclassified, and some of them have been associated with hypervirulence or hypovirulence. Here we discuss in depth the molecular features of known viruses infecting R. solani and their potential as biological control agents.

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20

Castillo, Caroline G., Marina E. Eremeeva, Susan M. Paskewitz, et al. "Detection of human pathogenic Ehrlichia muris-like agent in Peromyscus leucopus." Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 6, no. 2 (2015): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.11.006.

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21

Tkachenko, E., T. Dzagurova, B. Klempa, and D. Kruger. "142 Sochi virus as a highly pathogenic and life-threatening agent." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 65 (April 2014): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.0000446724.29579.91.

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22

Cariani, G., A. Vandelli, G. Fontana, G. Bonora, and G. Mazzoleni. "Autoimmune gastritis: IsHelicobacter pylori a merely commensal or a pathogenic agent?" Digestive Diseases and Sciences 37, no. 8 (1992): 1304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01296579.

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23

PENA, Gil Patrus, and José de Souza ANDRADE FILHO. "Is Demodex really non-pathogenic?" Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 42, no. 3 (2000): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652000000300012.

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Although usually considered a non-pathogenic parasite in parasitological textbooks, Demodex folliculorum has been implicated as a causative agent for some dermatological conditions, such as rosacea-like eruptions and some types of blepharitis. Several anecdotal reports have demonstrated unequivocal tissue damage directly related to the presence of the parasite. However, this seems to be exceedingly rare, in contrast with the marked prevalence of this infestation. We have had the opportunity to observe one of such cases. A 38-year-old woman presented with rosacea-like papular lesions in her right cheek. Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous dermal inflammation with a well-preserved mite phagocytized by a multinucleated giant cell. This finding may be taken as an evidence for the pathogenicity of the parasite, inasmuch as it does not explain how such a common parasite is able to produce such a rare disease.

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Nepal, Manish, Shankar Thangamani, Mohamed N. Seleem, and Jean Chmielewski. "Targeting intracellular bacteria with an extended cationic amphiphilic polyproline helix." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 21 (2015): 5930–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob00227c.

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Eradicating pathogenic bacteria that reside within mammalian cells is currently quite difficult. Herein we describe an agent with the dual properties of efficient mammalian cell penetration and potent antibacterial activity. Significantly, these activities can be combined to target pathogenic bacteria within macrophages.

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25

Trunyakova, A. S., A. S. Vagaiskaya, and S. V. Dentovskaya. "Adhesins of pathogenic Yersiniae." Bacteriology 5, no. 4 (2020): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/2500-1027-2020-4-39-51.

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The genus Yersinia includes 26 species, three of which are pathogenic to humans: Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which cause yersiniosis and pseudotuberculosis, infections with mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, and Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. Pathogenic Yersiniae express proteins that mediate attachment to host cells, facilitate invasion or evasion of the host’s immune system, allowing pathogens to proliferate and spread within the host. In addition, these species, and Y. pestis serve as models for studying the evolution of pathogenicity factors in bacteria. The virulence of pathogenic Yersinia strains depends on the presence of molecules with adhesive properties in their outer membrane. Some of them, such as the YadA and Inv proteins of enteropathogenic species, as well as the pH 6 antigen of Y. pestis, have been adequately studied. However, the whole-genome sequencing has revealed many other adhesins present in these microorganisms, which functions are just under investigation. This review briefly summarizes current knowledge about Yersinia adhesins, their functions and their putative role in the infectious process. Particular attention is paid to one of the families of β-cylindrical proteins of the outer membrane of Yersinia, associated with the pathogenicity of bacteria, namely, autotransporter adhesins. Key words: adhesion, pathogenesis, pathogenic factor, Yersinia

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26

Sayed, Shaban R. M., Shaimaa A. M. Abdelmohsen, Hani M. A. Abdelzaher, et al. "Myco-Suppression Analysis of Soybean (Glycine max) Damping-Off Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum." Plants 10, no. 4 (2021): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040788.

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The role of Pythium oligandrum as a biocontrol agent against Pythium aphanidermatum was investigated to avoid the harmful impacts of fungicides. Three isolates of P. oligandrum (MS15, MS19, and MS31) were assessed facing the plant pathogenic P. aphanidermatum the causal agent of Glycine max damping-off. The tested Pythium species were recognized according to their cultural and microscopic characterizations. The identification was confirmed through sequencing of rDNA-ITS regions including the 5.8 S rDNA. The biocontrol agent, P. oligandrum, isolates decreased the mycelial growth of the pathogenic P. aphanidermatum with 71.3%, 67.1%, and 68.7% through mycoparasitism on CMA plates. While the half-strength millipore sterilized filtrates of P. oligandrum isolates degrade the pathogenic mycelial linear growth by 34.1%, 32.5%, and 31.7%, and reduce the mycelial dry weight of the pathogenic P. aphanidermatum by 40.1%, 37.4%, and 36.8%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the most effective antagonistic P. oligandrum isolate (MS15) interaction showed coiling, haustorial parts of P. oligandrum to P. aphanidermatum hyphae. Furthermore, P. oligandrum isolates were proven to enhance the germination of Glycine max seedling to 93.3% in damping-off infection using agar pots and promote germination of up to 80% during soil pot assay. On the other hand, P. oligandrum isolates increase the shoot, root lengths, and the number of lateral roots.

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27

Zhang, Qingyang, Qinghua Wang, Shengnan Xu, Limin Zuo, Xuefu You, and Hai-Yu Hu. "Aminoglycoside-based novel probes for bacterial diagnostic and therapeutic applications." Chemical Communications 53, no. 8 (2017): 1366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc08292k.

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Schuster, Frederick L. "Cultivation of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Free-Living Amebas." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 15, no. 3 (2002): 342–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.15.3.342-354.2002.

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SUMMARY Free-living amebas are widely distributed in soil and water, particularly members of the genera Acanthamoeba and Naegleria. Since the early 1960s, they have been recognized as opportunistic human pathogens, capable of causing infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. Naegleria is the causal agent of a fulminant CNS condition, primary amebic meningoencephalitis; Acanthamoeba is responsible for a more chronic and insidious infection of the CNS termed granulomatous amebic encephalitis, as well as amebic keratitis. Balamuthia sp. has been recognized in the past decade as another ameba implicated in CNS infections. Cultivation of these organisms in vitro provides the basis for a better understanding of the biology of these amebas, as well as an important means of isolating and identifying them from clinical samples. Naegleria and Acanthamoeba can be cultured axenically in cell-free media or on tissue culture cells as feeder layers and in cultures with bacteria as a food source. Balamuthia, which has yet to be isolated from the environment, will not grow on bacteria. Instead, it requires tissue culture cells as feeder layers or an enriched cell-free medium. The recent identification of another ameba, Sappinia diploidea, suggests that other free-living forms may also be involved as causal agents of human infections.

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Liang, Sharolynne Xiao Tong, Ling Shing Wong, Anto Cordelia Tanislaus Antony Dhanapal, Prakash Balu, and Sinouvassane Djearamane. "THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF Spirulina AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC VIRUSES." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 9, Spl-1- GCSGD_2020 (2021): S38—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(spl-1-gcsgd_2020).s38.s42.

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Viruses can spread worldwide and the early detection of emerging infectious diseases and outbreaks in humans and animals is important for effective surveillance and prevention. Viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), swine flu, and influenza virus are some of the viruses that spread diseases worldwide. However, the non-availability of effective antiviral drugs and the drug-resistance among the virus and host have become the major problems in controlling viral infections. The natural products from microalgae can be an alternative therapeutic agent to control viral infections in humans. Spirulina is a well-known cyanobacterium that has been consumed by humans as a food supplement for more than centuries without side-effects. Spirulina possesses high nutritional values and provides numerous health benefits to the consumers. Spirulina can be an alternative natural therapeutic agent for numerous virus infections as it contains several bioactive compounds with proven antiviral effect on enveloped viruses (Herpes simplex virus, measles virus, mumps virus) and non-enveloped viruses (astrovirus, rotavirus) by preventing the spread of the virus in the host cells. Spirulina also serves as a natural supplement that strengthens the immune system. This review focuses on the antiviral properties and immunostimulant effects of Spirulina as a potential therapeutic supplement on human health.

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Nowak-Thompson, Brian, Steven J. Gould, Jennifer Kraus, and Joyce E. Loper. "Production of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol by the biocontrol agent Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 12 (1994): 1064–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-168.

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2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol was detected in and isolated from culture extracts of the biological control bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5. Its structure was identified using a combination of chromatographic techniques and NMR spectroscopic methods. Carbon source influenced 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol production by Pf-5 in culture media. 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol inhibited growth of the plant pathogenic fungi Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani, and the plant pathogenic bacterium Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroceptica, which cause diseases that are suppressed by strain Pf-5. The results of this study provide further evidence for the prevalence of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol production among strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens that suppress plant diseases.Key words: 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, Pseudomonas fluorescens, biocontrol.

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31

Sidorova, Svetlana G. "The antifungal activity of ray fungum against the fusarium wilt causal agent of tomato." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2019-3-21-32.

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The antifungal activity of genus Streptomyces strains (from collection of department of microbiology, Belarusian State University) against the fusarium wilt causal agent of tomato micromycetes Fusarium oxysporum f. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder and Hansen were studied in laboratory model experiments. Dynamic of micromycete colonies growth, morphology, color and fruiting intensity were analyzed. The screening of tested strains of genus Streptomyces for their anti-wilt activity has showed that the strain 10 influences the inhibiting (more than 60 %) effect on all fusaruim isolates: high-pathogenic (Fol 1), middle-pathogenic (Т 2) and low-pathogenic (Т 11). Their colonies growth were blocked from the 4th day of joint cultivation. The strain 11 has been an antagonist for the isolates Fol 1 and T 2, and the strain 20 – for the isolate T 11. Strains 18 and 35 demonstrate no antifungal activity to all F.oxysporum f. lycopercisi isolates under study.

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Yamasaki, Hiroshi, Takeshi Agatsuma, Balbina Pavon, Masato Furuya, Myriam Moran, and Takashi Aoki. "Leishmania major-Like Parasite, a Pathogenic Agent of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Paraguay." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 51, no. 6 (1994): 749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1994.51.749.

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33

Lo, Shyh-Ching, Douglas J. Wear, Janet R. Benish, et al. "Virus-like Infectious Agent (VLIA) is a Novel Pathogenic Mycoplasma: Mycoplasma Incognitus." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 41, no. 5 (1989): 586–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1989.41.586.

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34

Romero, J., M. C. Raya, L. F. Roca, C. Agustí-Brisach, J. Moral, and A. Trapero. "Phenotypic, molecular and pathogenic characterization ofPhlyctema vagabunda, causal agent of olive leprosy." Plant Pathology 67, no. 2 (2017): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12748.

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35

Barneck, Mitchell D., Nathaniel L. R. Rhodes, Martin de la Presa, et al. "Violet 405-nm light: a novel therapeutic agent against common pathogenic bacteria." Journal of Surgical Research 206, no. 2 (2016): 316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2016.08.006.

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36

Menard, Fanny, Caroline Besson, Patricia Rince, et al. "Epstein-Barr Virus: Main Pathogenic Agent in Hodgkin Lymphoma Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome?." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 2272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2272.2272.

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Abstract Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of macrophages displaying extensive phagocytosis of hematopoietic cells that can be associated with non Hodgkin lymphomas. However, Hodgkin lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome (HL-HPS) has rarely been published. We report here a large series of 34 patients presenting HL-HPS. Histological analysis and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) studies were performed. The 34 patients were enrolled from 1992 to 2006. HPS diagnosis was based on usual clinico-biological criteria. Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy were performed in all cases and confirmed HPS, showing hemophagocytic features in scattered macrophages. HL was documented on histological material in all 34 patients. The biopsies were performed on different localizations: lymph nodes (n=18), bone marrow (n=27), liver (n=2) and tonsil (n=1). All histological slides were reviewed and classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) Lymphoma classification. The presence of EBV in the tumour cells was detected using EBER RNA in situ hybridization and the expression of viral proteins LMP-1, EBNA-2 by immunoperoxidase. Patients were 26 men and 8 women (sex ratio M/F = 3.3). The median age was 45 years (range 19–84). HIV status was negative in 26 patients and positive in 8 patients. All patients were in clinical stage IVB. HL subtypes (18 lymph nodes) were Mixed Cellularity (n=12, 67%), Nodular Sclerosis (n=2, 11%) and Lymphocyte Depleted (n=4, 22%). Extra nodal tissues were highly infiltrated by tumour cells in all cases. The presence of EBV in tumour cells was detected in 32 out of the 34 patients (94%). In all EBV positive cases, high levels of LMP-1 without EBNA2 expression were detected, defining a latency II. This study reports the largest series to date of HL-HPS. The features of HL-HPS are particular by the high proportion of mixed cellularity subtypes (67%) in contrast to the frequency of nodular sclerosis subtypes observed in the general population of non overt immunosuppressed patients, and by the striking high proportion of EBV associated HL (32 out of the 34 patients, 94%). Our findings suggest not only a pathogenic role of EBV, but also a defective immune system in the control of EBV infection in HL-HPS patients.The high predominance of male in our population of HPS-HL (sex ratio M/F = 4.3 after exclusion of HIV positive patients) and the strong association with EBV could suggest X-linked immune defect in these patients.

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Nadala, ECB, LM Tapay, and PC Loh. "Characterization of a non-occluded baculovirus-like agent pathogenic to penaeid shrimp." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 33 (1998): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao033221.

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Bera, Debbethi, Kunal Pal, Souravi Bardhan, et al. "Functionalised biomimetic hydroxyapatite NPs as potential agent against pathogenic multidrug-resistant bacteria." Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 10, no. 4 (2019): 045017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2043-6254/ab5104.

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Yildirim, Basak, İbrahim Acikbas, Mustafa Şengül, Metin Akbulut, Ilknue Kaleli, and Huseyin Bagci. "Is Helicobacter pylori a Pathogenic Agent of the Cervix Uteri?" Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 61, no. 3 (2006): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000090670.

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Friedling, F., A. S. Kekulé, W. Ch Marsch, and V. Stadie. "Pantoea agglomerans - an underestimated pathogenic agent in penetrating trauma involving vegetative material." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 30, no. 6 (2015): 1025–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdv.13081.

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Hari, Neethu, Tincy K. Thomas та A. Jayakumaran Nair. "Comparative Study on the Synergistic Action of Garlic Synthesized and Citrate Capped Silver Nanoparticles with β-Penem Antibiotics". ISRN Nanotechnology 2013 (15 вересня 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/792105.

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Resistance to antimicrobial agents by pathogenic bacteria has emerged in recent years and is a major challenge for the health care industry. For developing a cheap broad-active agent that can be applicable against different pathogens, it is necessary to develop an alternative source for normal antibacterial agents. This paper mainly focuses on the combined action of green as well as citrate synthesized silver nanoparticles and β-penem antibiotics, which are β-lactam antibiotics with penem rings. These silver nanoparticles synergistic potential helps in the enhancement of antibacterial activity of broad spectrum antibiotics. The synergistic actions of citrate capped silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were compared with that of garlic (Allium sativum) synthesized silver nanoparticles together with action of antibiotics, ampicillin and amoxyclav, and some of the pathogenic organisms showed an increase in the action of antibiotics.

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Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih. "THE POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI AS BIOCONTROL AND PHOSPATE SOLUBILIZATION AGENT IN Capsicum anuum." Fungal Territory 3, no. 3 (2020): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ft.2020.3.3.16-19.

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The productivity of chili (Capsicum annuum) in Indonesia is currently very low. Some factors that influenced it including the presence of pathogenic microorganisms which lead to the low availability of phosphate in the soil. This condition become a limiting factor for plant growth and production. Endophytic fungi can be used as antagonistic agents in inhibiting pathogenic fungi and to increase the efficiency of phosphate solubilization known as phospholytic fungi. This study aimed to find antagonistic agents from endophytic fungi that can suppress the growth of pathogenic fungi and test the ability of endophytic fungi to dissolve phosphate. Fungi isolates used were BB-Biogen collection isolates, consisting of 42 endophytic fungi isolates, and 3 pathogenic fungi isolates (Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum acutatum, Phytophthora capsici) on chili plants (C. annuum). The antagonism test was carried out using the dual culture method in the Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium for 5 days incubation at temperature (± 28 ° C). The parameters measured were based on the formation of inhibition zones and the calculation of the percentage of growth inhibition of fungi isolates. The test results obtained 7 representative fungi isolates (RIVA4, RIVA5, MIVD2, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Cladosporium oxysporum, and Chaetomium globosum). Based on the calculation of the percentage of growth inhibition, fungi isolates with RIVA5 code have a higher potential in inhibiting the growth of all three pathogenic fungi. Calculation of the percentage of endophytic fungi inhibition of RIVA5 were 70.3% (Fusarium sp.), 63.3% (C. acutatum), and 60% (P. capsici). Phosphate test was carried out by the cork borer method in pikovskaya medium for 4 days incubation at 27-28 ° C. The parameters measured were based on the formation of clear zones around the colony. There were 4 endophytic fungi isolates (MIVA4, MIVF7, Aspergillus sydowii, and A. niger) formed a clear zone around the colony, which indicates the presence of phospholytic activity. Based on the calculation of the phospholytic index, A. niger isolates have a high phosphate solubility index value of 5.

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Alcindo, Jefferson Filgueira, Gabriel Isola Braga, Luis Claudio Nogueira Mendes, Márcia Marinho, and Francisco Leydson Formiga Feitosa. "Physical, laboratory, and microbiological parameters of mammary gland secretions in postpartum does." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, no. 2 (2016): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n2p785.

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Mastitis is a multifactorial disease whose prevalence is affected by the type of pathogenic agent involved, the constitution of the animal, and environmental conditions. This study evaluated the physical and laboratory characteristics of colostrum from dairy goats in the postpartum period, and the physical characteristics of the mammary glands in the same period. Of the 71 mammary glands evaluated, 12 were positive for bacterial isolates and the most frequent pathogenic agents were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (n = 11). Median somatic cell counts (SCC) in animals positive for bacterial isolates were greater than in animals without bacterial isolates at parturition (696.0 vs. 256.0 x 103 mL –1) and 48 h postpartum (1,350 vs. 437.0 x 103 mL-1). In addition, 34 samples were positive for the California Mastitis Test (CMT; score >1+), indicating a positive relationship between this test and bacterial isolation. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were the most prevalent pathogenic agents, resulting in increase in SCC. Postpartum changes in mammary secretions were not good predictors of bacterial mastitis. Physical examination of mammary glands did not reveal significant changes for the diagnosis of mastitis in the postpartum period.

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Bourhy, Pascale, Hélène Louvel, Isabelle Saint Girons, and Mathieu Picardeau. "Random Insertional Mutagenesis of Leptospira interrogans, the Agent of Leptospirosis, Using a mariner Transposon." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 9 (2005): 3255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.9.3255-3258.2005.

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ABSTRACT The recent availability of the complete genome sequences of Leptospira interrogans, the agent of leptospirosis, has allowed the identification of several putative virulence factors. However, to our knowledge, attempts to carry out gene transfer in pathogenic Leptospira spp. have failed so far. In this study, we show that the Himar1 mariner transposon permits random mutagenesis in the pathogen L. interrogans. We have identified genes that have been interrupted by Himar1 insertion in 35 L. interrogans mutants. This approach of transposon mutagenesis will be useful for understanding the spirochetal physiology and the pathogenic mechanisms of Leptospira, which remain largely unknown.

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Gupta, Akshi, Ebenezer Jeyakumar, and Rubina Lawrence. "Journey of Limonene as an Antimicrobial Agent." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, no. 3 (2021): 1094–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.3.01.

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Injudicious consumption of antibiotics in the past few decades has arisen the problem of resistance in pathogenic organisms against most antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. Scenarios of treatment failure are becoming more common in hospitals. This situation demands the frequent need for new antimicrobial compounds which may have other mechanisms of action from those which are in current use. Limonene can be utilized as one of the solutions to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Limonene is a naturally occurring monoterpene with a lemon-like odor, which mainly present in the peels of citrus plants like lemon, orange, grapefruit, etc. The study aimed to enlighten the antimicrobial properties of limonene as per previous literature. Advantageous contributions have been made by various research groups in the study of the antimicrobial properties of limonene. Previous studies have shown that limonene not only inhibits disease-causing pathogenic microbes, however, it also protects various food products from potential contaminants. This review article contains information about the effectiveness of limonene as an antimicrobial agent. Apart from antimicrobial property, some other uses of limonene are also discussed such as its role as fragrance and flavor additive, as in the formation of nonalcoholic beverages, as solvent and cleaner in the petroleum industry, and as a pesticide. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-biofilm properties of limonene may help it to be used in the future as a potential antimicrobial agent with minimal adverse effects. Some of the recent studies also showed the action of limonene against COVID-19 (Coronavirus). However, additional studies are requisite to scrutinize the possible mechanism of antimicrobial action of limonene.

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Ben Gharsa, Haifa, Meriam Bouri, Amira Mougou Hamdane, Christina Schuster, Andreas Leclerque, and Ali Rhouma. "Bacillus velezensis strain MBY2, a potential agent for the management of crown gall disease." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0252823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252823.

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The reduction of the use chemical pesticides in agriculture is gaining importance as an objective of decision-makers in both politics and economics. Consequently, the development of technically efficient and economically affordable alternatives as, e.g., biological control agents or practices is highly solicited. Crown gall disease of dicotyledonous plants is caused by ubiquitous soil borne pathogenic bacteria of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens species complex, that comprises the species Agrobacterium fabrum and represents a globally relevant plant protection problem. Within the framework of a screening program for bacterial Agrobacterium antagonists a total of 14 strains were isolated from Tunisian soil samples and assayed for antagonistic activity against pathogenic agrobacteria. One particularly promising isolate, termed strain MBY2, was studied more in depth. Using a Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) approach, the isolate was assigned to the taxonomic species Bacillus velezensis. Strain MBY2 was shown to display antagonistic effects against the pathogenic A. fabrum strain C58 in vitro and to significantly decrease pathogen populations under sterile and non-sterile soil conditions as well as in the rhizosphere of maize and, to a lower extent, tomato plants. Moreover, the ability of B. velezensis MBY2 to reduce C58-induced gall development has been demonstrated in vivo on stems of tomato and almond plants. The present study describes B. velezensis MBY2 as a newly discovered strain holding potential as a biological agent for crown gall disease management.

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Godahewa, Dananjaya S. H. S,G I. "Chitosan Silver Nano Composites (CAgNCs) as Antibacterial Agent Against Fish Pathogenic Edwardsiella tarda." Journal of Veterinary Clinics 31, no. 6 (2014): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.17555/ksvc.2014.12.31.6.502.

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Gunnarsson, Logi. "The Philosopher as Pathogenic Agent, Patient, and Therapist: The Case of William James." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 66 (April 9, 2010): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246109990300.

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One way to understand philosophy as a form of therapy is this: it involves a philosopher who is trying to cure himself. He has been drawn into a certain philosophical frame of mind—the ‘disease’—and has thus infected himself with this illness. Now he is sick and trying to employ philosophy to cure himself. So philosophy is both: the ailment and the cure. And the philosopher is all three: pathogenic agent, patient, and therapist.

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Krzyzosiak, W. J., K. Sobczak, M. Wojciechowska, A. Fiszer, A. Mykowska, and P. Kozlowski. "Triplet repeat RNA structure and its role as pathogenic agent and therapeutic target." Nucleic Acids Research 40, no. 1 (2011): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr729.

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Silué, D., V. Launay, and Y. Tirilly. "Pathogenic Variability inMycosphaerella brassicicola, the Causal Agent of the Ringspot Disease of Crucifers." Journal of Phytopathology 147, no. 3 (1999): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.1999.147003141.x.

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