Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pea pod

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Academic literature on the topic 'Pea pod'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 13 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Pea pod"

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Kharibam, Jiya, Waluniba ., Hijam Shila Devi, et al. "Seasonal Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)." Environment and Ecology 43, no. 2 (2025): 408–12. https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/mcda6917.

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The field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2023-2024 at School of Agricultural Sciences, Medziphema, Nagaland University to study the seasonal incidence of major insect pests of garden pea. The incidence of pea aphid (0.66 aphids/plant), pea leaf miner (0.40 leaf miner/plant), gram pod borer (0.53 larvae/plant) and pea pod borer (0.47 larvae/plant) were first observed on 52nd, 2nd, 3rd and 4th SMW respectively. The population reached its peak on 8th SMW for pea leaf miner (5.62/three leaves), gram pod borer (6.89 larvae/plant), pea pod borer (6.68 larvae/plant) and 9th SMW for pea aphid (43.00/three leaves). Pea aphid and pea leaf miner had a negative correlation with maximum relative humidity and a positive correlation with rainfall, respectively. Both gram pod borer and pea pod borer had a negative correlation with maximum relative humidity and positive correlation with rainfall.
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Muhammad, M. M., A. J. Hamisu, and M. A. Lawan. "Comparative study of turbidity removal efficiency of green pea (Cicer arietinum) seed and pod extract for turbid water treatment." ADAN Journal of Agriculture 1, no. 1 (2020): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/adanja/0202.10.0121.

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Natural coagulants are considered affordable and efficient substitutes to chemical coagulants for use in water treatment. The study investigated the turbidity removal efficiency of pea seed and pod extracts from surface water. Chemical and proximate analyses of pea seed and pod were evaluated. Optimum values of coagulant dose, pH and stock solution concentrations were determined using jar test. Turbidity removal efficiencies and residual turbidity of the coagulant were also evaluated. The highest turbidity removal efficiency was found to be 98% and 97% at 10% w/v stock solution concentration of the pea seed and pod extract respectively. The optimum pH suitable for coagulation of surface was found to be 6.8 and 6.6 at 10% w/v stock solution of pea seed and pod extract respectively. The pea seed and pod extract were found to be most efficient in removing turbidity from surface water at 10% (w/v) stock solution with optimum dose of 1600mg/L. The p-value was found to be 0.99, 0.0156 and 0.33 for Turbidity removal efficiency, pH and Residual turbidity of pea seed and pod respectively. Pea seed and pod turbidity removal efficiencies are statistically insignificant, but their pH and Residual turbidity values are statistically significant. The findings in this study suggest that both the Pea pod and Pea seed extract are effective in water coagulation, but pea seed extract is more effective in drinking water coagulation, while pea pod extract was cheaper and readily available.
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Kumari, Anjali, Monika Sood, Julie D. Bandral, Neeraj Gupta, and Ankita Choudhary. "Influence of Different Drying Methods on Proximate and Mineral Composition of Pea Pods." Archives of Current Research International 25, no. 4 (2025): 457–62. https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2025/v25i41174.

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Pea pods, by-products of the pea processing industry, are a rich source of nutrients but are frequently disposed of incorrectly. In this study, pea pod powder (PPP) was developed by using different drying methods such as viz., sun, solar, tray, microwave, freeze and osmotic drying and was analyzed for its proximate and mineral composition. The results revealed that dried pea pod powder contained moisture, and the ash content of dried pea pods ranged from 8.95 to 5.10% and 7.74 to 5.87%, respectively. The highest crude protein, crude fat and crude fibre content of 15.02, 1.90 and 8.95 %, respectively, were recorded in freeze-dried (FD) pea pod powder. Further, FD PPP recorded the highest potassium, iron and magnesium content of 1832.37, 856.47 and 10.45 mg/100g, respectively, while the least potassium, iron and magnesium content of 1010.29, 718.56 and 5.84 mg/100g, respectively, were observed in the sun drying (SD) pea pod powder. According to the study, FD pea pod powder retained more of its proximate components, whereas sun-drying (SD) caused a larger loss of nutrients. When creating functional foods that offer health benefits, the best-dried pea pod powder can be utilized.
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Verma, Tarun, Rajesh Yadav, Ravika, and Rajesh Kumar. "Screening of Advanced Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes against Pod Borers." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 47, no. 2 (2025): 43–48. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i23264.

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Thirty six advanced field pea (tall and dwarf) genotypes (including HFP 9907B and HFP 529 as checks) were evaluated against gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) and lentil pod borer (Etiella zinckenella) during Rabi season of 2016-17 at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar for pod damage and seed yield. Pest susceptibility rating of each genotype was calculated on the basis of pod damage. The pod damage in tall field pea by H. armigera and E. zinckenella was found minimum in genotypes, HFP 1463 (3.62%) and HFP 1445 (3.98%), respectively, whereas maximum in genotypes, HFP 1132 (13.24%) and HFP 1130 (11.11%), respectively. However, among dwarf field pea, genotype, HFP 1428 and HFP 1426 showed minimum pod damage, whereas, genotype HFP 1125 and HFP 1036 showed maximum pod damage by H. armigera and E. zinckenella, respectively. Maximum field pea yield was obtained from HFP 1445 (2445.83 kg/ha). Pest susceptibility rating ranged from 3 to 9 for pod borers i.e. genotypes falls in moderate resistant (MR) to highly susceptible (HS) group. These field pea genotypes (HFP 1428, HFP 1426, HFP 1445 and HFP 1463) can be exploited in developing tolerant/resistant line against pod borers.
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Grcak, Milosav, Dragan Grcak, Radivoje Jevtic, et al. "Variation of spike index of cereal and index of pea pods in monocrops and intercrops system of cultivation." Genetika 51, no. 3 (2019): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1903185g.

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Parameters of plant productive organs (spike, pod etc.) are influenced by genotype of plant species and scientific technology farming measures as well environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to establish variability of spike harvest index for wheat, triticale, rye, oat and pea pods index, influenced by monocrops and intercrops system of cultivation. Four cereal species: wheat, triticale, rye and oat and one legume (pea) were included in investigation that carried out on field experimental conditions during one vegetation season. Each species were sown in monocrops and in intercrops wheat + pea, triticale + pea, rye + pea and oat + pea. Harvest index of spike variate between 65.2% (triticale intercrops) and 86.5% (oat solo). The values of spike weight and seed weight was different among the cereal species and higher in intercrops than in monocrop system of cultivation. However, only for rye in mixture with pea, harvest index (78.8%) was higher than in monocrops of rye (77.0%). Harvest index of pod variate in ratio 50.3% (pea solo) and 69.5% (in intercrops pea + rye). The values of pod weight and seed weight pod-1 was different and higher in intercrops than in monocrops system of cultivation. Harvest pod index of peas was significantly higher in mixture with each small grains species genotypes than in pea?s monocrops. On the base of result we can conclude that intercropping cereals + peas, have positive effect on spike and pod characteristics which values were higher in intercrops than in monocrops.
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Baggett, James R., and Deborah Kean. "`Oregon Giant' Edible Pod Pea." HortScience 27, no. 7 (1992): 853–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.7.853.

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Yang, Pu, Zhonghao Li, Caoyang Wu, et al. "Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in the Molecular Mechanism of Pericarp Elongation and Differences in Sucrose and Starch Accumulation between Vegetable and Grain Pea (Pisum sativum L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 24 (2019): 6135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246135.

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Pea (Pisum sativum L.), as a major source of plant protein, is becoming one of the major cultivated crop species worldwide. In pea, the pericarp is an important determinant of the morphological characteristics and seed yield. To investigate the molecular mechanism of pericarp elongation as well as sucrose and starch accumulation in the pods of different pea cultivars, we performed transcriptomic analysis of the pericarp of two types of pea cultivar (vegetable pea and grain pea) using RNA-seq. A total of 239.44 Gb of clean sequence data were generated, and were aligned to the reference genome of Pisum sativum L. In the two samples, 1935 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Among these DEGs, three antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected to have higher expression levels in the grain pea pericarps at the pod-elongating stages. Otherwise, five peroxidase (POD)-encoding genes were detected to have lower expression levels in the vegetative pericarps at the development stage of pea pod growth. Furthermore, genes related to starch and sucrose metabolism in the pea pod, such as SUS, INV, FBA, TPI, ADPase, SBE, SSS, and GBSS, were found to be differentially expressed. The RNA-seq data were validated through real-time quantitative RT-PCR of 13 randomly selected genes. Our findings provide the gene expression profile of, as well as differential expression information on, the two pea cultivars, which will lay the foundation for further studies on pod development and nutrition accumulation in the pea and provide valuable information for pea cultivar improvement.
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Daya S Singh. "Shelling characteristics of green pea pods." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 37, no. 03 (2024): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2000373.0933.

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Investigations were carried out to know the effect of moisture content and pod size on shelling efficiency of the power operated green pea pod shelling machine developed at Jabalpur centre of PHTS. Moisture levels of68.5 to 75.7% (wb) and 20.8-24.5 mm pod size was found most suitable for each variety of green pea pods. Shelling efficiency of Arkel variety was found best at all the levels of moisture content and pod size. Shelling efficiency decreased with increase in moisture content and decrease in size of pods in all the varieties of pea under study.
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De Ron, Antonio M., Jorge J. Magallanes, Óscar Martínez, Paula Rodiño, and Marta Santalla. "Identifying Superior Snow Pea Breeding Lines." HortScience 40, no. 5 (2005): 1216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1216.

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We evaluated 33 edible-pod pea (Pisum sativum L.) lines selected from single plants within 11 snow pea landraces and three elite cultivars for their horticultural value in three field trials at Pontevedra and Lugo (northwestern Spain). Field performance was estimated according to six traits related to earliness and duration, while horticultural value was determined by five pod traits. The global pod quality was estimated by a taste panel. Lines showed significant differences in nine quantitative traits. Significant differences were found among means of five landraces and the lines selected within them for pod length, width and weight. Cluster and principal component analysis identified a main group of 16 lines derived mainly from landraces PSM-0112 and PSM-0227 that had desirable earliness and pod quality. Some of the lines, such as MB-0298, MB-0324, MB-0325, MB-0326, MB-0332, and MB-0334 are appropriate for vegetable production as edible pod snow pea varieties and for use in breeding programs. Moreover, the lines MB-0298, MB-0321, MB-0322, and MB-0324 showed stable earliness and MB-0330 and MB-0332 stable pod quality across the three environments evaluated.
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Rao, L. J., and B. N. Mittra. "Evaluation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) genotypes for intercropping with two types of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan)." Journal of Agricultural Science 115, no. 3 (1990): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600075754.

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SUMMARYEight genotypes of groundnut and two of pigeon pea were evaluated in intercropping at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, during the monsoon and winter seasons in 1985 and 1986, to identify plant characters associated with high yield in intercropping. The pod yield of groundnut decreased when intercropped with pigeon pea, the extent of the decline differing with groundnut and pigeon pea genotypes. The reduction in groundnut pod yield and the degree and duration of shading was less when grown with pigeon pea type ICPL87 than with LRG30. During the monsoon, pod yield among intercropped groundnut genotypes ranged between 47% and 88% of their yields under monocropping because of differences in growth pattern and duration (90–125 days). The groundnut type most suitable for intercropping had early vigour, early maturity and high partitioning and pod growth rate. However, variation in pod yield among groundnut genotypes was not observed during the winter season because they showed less variation in duration and growth and there was less shading by the associated pigeon pea.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pea pod"

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Drew, Janice Elizabeth. "Cloning and characterisation of genes determining pod morphology in pea." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5882/.

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Genes expressed in developing pea pods were isolated as cDNAs by differential screening techniques. The cDNAs were characterised by DNA sequencing and expression studies were used to investigate the role of isolated cDNAs in pod development. A clone isolated from a pea {Piswn sativum L.) pod cDNA library was shown to contain the complete coding sequence of a polypeptide with considerable homology to various members of the Rab subfamily of small ras-related GTP- binding proteins. Conserved sequences in the isolated clone include the GTP-buiding site, GDP/GTP hydrolysis domain and C-terminal Cys residues involved in membrane attachment. The high percentage amino acid identity suggests that this cDNA may be the product of a gene, designated Psa-rai?, which is the plant counterpart of Rab7. Rab/Ypt proteins are thought to be involved in intracellular transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and in vesicular transport. If Psa-ra6 is a functional counterpart of yeast YPT7 (RabT) it should be able to complement a yeast YPT7 mutant. An attempt was made to demonstrate that this was the case. Northern analysis showed invariant expression of Psa-rab in developing pods 'with different phenotypes, indicating an essential function for Psa-rab in developing pods. Hybridisation of the Psa-rab cDNA to pea genomic DNA showed that this protein is probably encoded by a single gene. Nearly isogenic pea lines were selected to investigate the genetic basis for lignification of the pea {Pisum sativum L.) pod endocarp. The development of the pod endocarp in the normal and mutant pea pod phenotypes was examined by histochemical staining and light microscopy. The effect of plant growth regulators on endocarp development was also investigated. A pea pod cDNA library representing poly (A)+ RNA purified from L59 pea pods (genotype, PV; phenotype, lignified endocarp) was differentially screened with total cDNA probes prepared from total pod RNA from L59 and LI390 (genotype, PV; phenotype, no lignification of endocarp) pods 4-6 days after flowering (DAP). Two clones, designated pLP18 and pLP19, were selected for further characterisation on the basis of hybridisation to the L59 cDNA probe, but not the LI390 cDNA probe. Northern blotting was used to show that pLP18 represented a mRNA of 0.95 kb. The predicted polypeptide from the LP18 cDNA encoded a putative blue type I copper protein. The expression pattern of LP 18 mRNA in pods and tissues of the experimental pea lines was determined using RT-PCR quantitation. Hybridisation of the cDNA to pea genomic DNA showed that this protein is probably encoded by a single gene. Clone pLP19 yielded a 1.02 kb cDNA fragment encoding the C-terminal portion of an Hsp70 homologue belonging to a highly conserved family of proteins found in a number of eukaryotic species. Northern analysis of RNA from lignified and unlignified pods showed the presence of differentially expressed LP19 transcripts of varying lengths, which may represent differently processed transcripts. Southern analysis confirmed the presence of a single hybridised band in genomic digests of L59, L58 arid LI390. Several mRNA transcripts of the LP19 gene were isolated which differ in the length of their- 3' untranslated regions.
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Miles, Simon Nicholas. "Variation in pod wettability and permeability and its implications for improving spoilage characteristics in the dried pea (Pisum sativum L.) crop." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2727.

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This investigation was designed to determine some of the causes of spoilage in the pea crop. It was found that physiological and morphological characteristics of the pods were related to degrees of spoilage experienced by a range of varieties. This included the amount and configuration of epicuticular waxes affecting pod surface wettabilities which, together with total pod wall and parchment layer thicknesses, all contributed to high rates of water uptake and water contents in pod tissues. Water content was determined to be closely correlated to the degree of pod spoilage observed in the field. Pod phenotypes which were badly affected included waxless and parchmentless varieties which were unable to resist the uptake of water, and thick walled pods which retained water for longer periods. Thin walled varieties and those with neoplasms were more successful, not because they resisted water uptake, but because they were able to dispel it rapidly so reducing the length of wetness periods. The most detrimental environments for pod development were those with fluctuating parameters, particularly temperature. This caused the disruption of epicuticular wax conformation increasing surface wettability. It may also have had the effect of decreasing pod wall integrity. Humidity had much less of an independent effect but combined with certain temperatures it became more significant. High temperature/low humidity environments caused high water potential gradients from pod to atmosphere and possible tissue damage leading to high spoilage potential. High temperature/high humidity lengthened periods of water retention in the pods. Yield and spoilage of leafless and parchmentless phenotypes were most sensitive to environment. Pod characteristics determined to be advantageous in this investigation could be incorporated into a wider breeding strategy which includes the improvement of standing ability and root formation so that peas become a more attractive alternative source of protein.
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Manetti, Fábio Augusto [UNESP]. "Produtividade de linhagens unifloras e bifloras de ervilha (Pisum sativum L.) de vagens comestíveis em função da densidade de plantio." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103287.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:43:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 manetti_fa_dr_botfca.pdf: 124351 bytes, checksum: 8209117255ebb05525f4c0e5331f5c8b (MD5)<br>Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade de linhagens bifloras e unifloras de ervilha (Pisum sativum L.) torta em associação com diferentes densidades de plantio, semearam-se quatro linhagens pertencentes à área de melhoramento vegetal da FCA – Campus de Botucatu – UNESP, em duas épocas (Maio e Julho de 2009) juntamente com as testemunhas comerciais Torta de Flor Roxa e MK 13. As densidades utilizadas foram 25000, 50000 e 100000 plantas por hectare e as parcelas foram constituídas por uma linha de 4 m de comprimento por 0,8 m entre fileiras com 2, 4 e 8 plantas por metro de sulco, respectivamente. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Realizaram-se colheitas sucessivas a cada três dias quando as vagens atingiram o ponto comercial. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: número de dias para 50% de florescimento; número de internódios até a primeira flor; número de ramos laterais; porcentagem de plantas bifloras; número de vagens por parcela; número de vagens por planta; massa de vagens por parcela; massa de vagens por planta; massa média de vagens; comprimento médio de vagens; largura média de vagens; número de grãos. Por meio dos resultados constatou-se que as linhagens 1 e 2 apresentaram-se mais precoces com um menor número de internódios e maior porcentagem de plantas bifloras que as cultivares já comercializadas. A densidade de plantio influenciou o número de vagens por parcela, número de vagens por planta, massa de vagens por parcela e massa de vagens por planta, não influenciando as demais características. O aumento na densidade de plantio aumenta a produtividade de todas as linhagens não interferindo nas demais características comerciais. Linhagens bifloras não foram mais produtivas do que as unifloras<br>Four edible pod pea breeding lines (two single and two double flowered) and two commercial check varieties ‘Torta de Flor Roxa’ and ‘MK 13’ were tested under three planting densities (25000, 50000 and 100000 plants per hectare) in two planting dates during fall and winter months in São Paulo State Brazil. The experimental desing was a randomized block with three replications, and plots consisted of a 4 m long row set 0,8 m apart with 2, 4 and 8 plants per meter of furrow for each tested densities, respectively. Following characterizes were evaluated: number of days to 50% flowering, number of internodes until the first flower, number of lateral branches, biflora plants percentage, number of pods per plot, number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plot, mass of pods per plant, average weight of pods, pod length, average width of pods, number of grains. There was no interaction among lines and densities, but only general effects of lines and densities separately. No differences occurred among lines for number of pods per plant and per plot when average of densities were considered. Increasing of densities, however, increased yield per plot without changing characteristics of the pods as length width and weight. There was no difference on yield of double and single flowered lines in each density
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Manetti, Fábio Augusto 1981. "Produtividade de linhagens unifloras e bifloras de ervilha (Pisum sativum L.) de vagens comestíveis em função da densidade de plantio /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103287.

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Resumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade de linhagens bifloras e unifloras de ervilha (Pisum sativum L.) torta em associação com diferentes densidades de plantio, semearam-se quatro linhagens pertencentes à área de melhoramento vegetal da FCA - Campus de Botucatu - UNESP, em duas épocas (Maio e Julho de 2009) juntamente com as testemunhas comerciais Torta de Flor Roxa e MK 13. As densidades utilizadas foram 25000, 50000 e 100000 plantas por hectare e as parcelas foram constituídas por uma linha de 4 m de comprimento por 0,8 m entre fileiras com 2, 4 e 8 plantas por metro de sulco, respectivamente. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Realizaram-se colheitas sucessivas a cada três dias quando as vagens atingiram o ponto comercial. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: número de dias para 50% de florescimento; número de internódios até a primeira flor; número de ramos laterais; porcentagem de plantas bifloras; número de vagens por parcela; número de vagens por planta; massa de vagens por parcela; massa de vagens por planta; massa média de vagens; comprimento médio de vagens; largura média de vagens; número de grãos. Por meio dos resultados constatou-se que as linhagens 1 e 2 apresentaram-se mais precoces com um menor número de internódios e maior porcentagem de plantas bifloras que as cultivares já comercializadas. A densidade de plantio influenciou o número de vagens por parcela, número de vagens por planta, massa de vagens por parcela e massa de vagens por planta, não influenciando as demais características. O aumento na densidade de plantio aumenta a produtividade de todas as linhagens não interferindo nas demais características comerciais. Linhagens bifloras não foram mais produtivas do que as unifloras<br>Abstract: Four edible pod pea breeding lines (two single and two double flowered) and two commercial check varieties 'Torta de Flor Roxa' and 'MK 13' were tested under three planting densities (25000, 50000 and 100000 plants per hectare) in two planting dates during fall and winter months in São Paulo State Brazil. The experimental desing was a randomized block with three replications, and plots consisted of a 4 m long row set 0,8 m apart with 2, 4 and 8 plants per meter of furrow for each tested densities, respectively. Following characterizes were evaluated: number of days to 50% flowering, number of internodes until the first flower, number of lateral branches, biflora plants percentage, number of pods per plot, number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plot, mass of pods per plant, average weight of pods, pod length, average width of pods, number of grains. There was no interaction among lines and densities, but only general effects of lines and densities separately. No differences occurred among lines for number of pods per plant and per plot when average of densities were considered. Increasing of densities, however, increased yield per plot without changing characteristics of the pods as length width and weight. There was no difference on yield of double and single flowered lines in each density<br>Orientador: Norberto da Silva<br>Coorientador: Marcelo Agenor Pavan<br>Banca: Antonio Luiz Araújo Câmara<br>Banca:Antonio Ismae Inácio Cardoso<br>Banca: Simone da Costa Mello<br>Banca: Aniello Antonio Cutolo Filho<br>Doutor
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Slater, Jennifer M. "Effects of the maternal rearing environment on pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) trophic interactions." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=238395.

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The maternal rearing environment (MRE) of an organism can be a key determinant of an organism's host choice decisions, its own fitness, or the fitness of its offspring. Here, it is investigated if the MRE of an organism can influence lower or higher trophic levels. A series of reciprocal cross-over experiments was conducted using pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum), bean (Vicia faba) or pea (Pisum sativum) plants, and an aphid natural enemy, the parasitoid wasp Aphidius ervi, as model organisms. In each experiment, pea aphid offspring experienced either the same or an alternative plant host to that experienced by their mothers. This PhD showed that the MRE of pea aphids and parasitoid wasps was not a main contributory factor of host choice decisions or offspring fitness but influenced mother parasitoid wasp fecundity. Additionally, the MRE of pea aphids influenced the foliar nutrient concentration of pea plants when infested with the aphid's offspring. First, over shorter infestation periods, variation in foliar nitrogen and essential amino acid concentrations of pea leaves could be explained by pea aphid MRE. Over longer infestation periods, variation in foliar nitrogen and essential amino acid concentrations of pea leaves was explained by a combination of pea aphid MRE and aphid genotype. Second, the 13C concentration of pea leaf tissue, an indicator of stomatal aperture and leaf water stress, varied with pea aphid MREs over longer infestation periods. However, stomatal conductance and the expression of abscisic acid-responsive genes did not vary in a manner that was consistent with leaf water stress. Additional components of an organism's maternal rearing conditions are considered, including symbioses, as a more realistic MRE compared with that observed in nature. Taking account of MREs could provide a better understanding of the factors influencing the fitness of many organisms interacting in natural and managed ecosystems.
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Zhang, Nuannuan. "A unified PCA and DSP based POD module for hybrid cryptosystems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/MQ54763.pdf.

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Puelker, Raquel Zaneti. "À procura do Ped bovino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10131/tde-22092006-145430/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi buscar genes MHC classe I em bovinos expressos durante o desenvolvimento embrionário e gestação que apresentassem similaridade ao gene Ped murino. Para tanto, embriões de PIV e placentas de fetos produzidos por monta natural ou clonados tiveram seu RNA extraído. A partir do RNA extraído foi realizada a produção de cDNA para tentar o isolamento de fragmentos com similaridade ao gene descrito em murinos. Uma vez isolados, os fragmentos foram purificados ou clonados em plasmídeo. As amostras foram seqüenciadas e as seqüências obtidas foram avaliadas, editadas e comparadas a outras seqüências pelo programa BLAST. A expressão de proteína MHC-Ib foi verificada em embriões (D7) e nas amostras de placenta utilizando anticorpo monoclonal de camundongo anti-Qa-2 marcado com FITC. A seqüência consenso obtida produziu alinhamentos significantes com os genes do complexo Bola que faz parte do MHC classe I bovino. O alinhamento entre a seqüência consenso e as seqüências de Q7 (Ped) e HLA-G publicados anteriormente demonstrou poucas variações de nucleotídeos entre as seqüências. As amplificações de cDNA de embriões que atingiram o quarto ciclo celular em até 48 hpi (R8) e em 48-90 hpi (L8) e de embriões que atingiram o estádio de blastocisto expandido em 7 dias de cultivo (RR) e em 9 dias de cultivo (RL) mostraram que o fragmento cuja seqüência apresenta alta similaridade ao gene Ped, está presente em embriões RR e RL, mas não em embriões no estádio de 8 células. Em placentas, o resultado da PCR mostrou a amplificação de oito fragmentos em diferentes fases da gestação. O sequenciamento dos fragmentos gerou nove seqüências consenso similares ao gene Ped e também a seqüências obtidas a partir de embriões bovinos. O alinhamento das seqüências mostrou a existência de duas isoformas contendo edição alternativa no exon 2 ou no exon 3. O resultado indicou a existência de polimorfismo ou mais de um gene com alta similaridade ao gene Q7 sendo transcritos durante o período gestacional. A expressão de proteína MHC-Ib foi verificada na membrana de células do trofoblasto e da MCI de embriões e na porção materno fetal de placentas, com uma maior expressão na porção fetal. Placentas oriundas de fetos clonados apresentam maior fluorescência comparada àquelas oriundas de monta natural. Este trabalho identificou, em embriões bovinos, um possível gene homólogo ao Ped murino e a expressão de proteína semelhante àquela codificada por este gene e conclui que existem vários transcritos com similaridade ao gene Q7 sendo expressos na região materno-fetal da placenta, durante a gestação em bovinos, assim como nos embriões<br>The aim of the present work was to identify bovine MHC class I genes similar to the murine Ped gene expressing during embryonic development and pregnancy. Bovine in vitro produced embryos and placentas obtained from natural mating or cloning-derived fetuses had their RNA extracted. cDNA was synthesized to isolate fragments showing similarity with the gene described in mice. Once isolated the fragments were purified or cloned into plasmids. The samples were sequenced and obtained sequences edited and compared to other sequences by means of the BLAST software. The expression of MHC-Ib protein was evaluated in embryos (D7) and in placentas using a FITC conjugated mouse monoclonal antibody anti-Qa-2. The consensus sequence amplified from blastocyst cDNA produced significant alignments with genes of the Bola complex, which is part of the bovine MHC class I. The alignment between the consensus sequence and the previously published Q7 and HLA-G sequences demonstrated little nucleotide variations among the sequences. The cDNA amplifications of embryos at the fourth cellular cicle in 48hpi (F8); 48-90hpi (S8) and embryos that reached blastocyst expanded stage in 7 days (FF); in 9 days (FS) showed that the Ped candidate gene is present in FF and FS but not in 8-cell embryos. In placentas, the PCR resulted in amplification of eight fragments at different pregnancy stages. Sequencing of the fragments generated nine consensus sequences, similar to the Ped gene and also to sequences obtained from bovine embryos. The alignment of the sequences showed the existence of two isoforms containing an alternative splicing on exon 2 or 3. This result indicates the existence of polymorphisms or that more than one gene with high similarity to the Q7 gene are transcribed during pregnancy. Expression of MHC-Ib protein was verified in trophoblast membrane and embryos inner cell mass cells and in the maternal-fetal portion in placentas, with a greater expression in the fetal portion. Cloned fetuses placentas presented grater fluorescence compared to natural mated. Overall this work identified in bovine embryos a possible gene homologous to the murine Ped and the expression of protein similar to that coded by this gene and concluded that there are many transcripts similar to the Q7 gene being expressed in the maternal-fetal region of the placenta during pregnancy in bovine and such as in embryos
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Černá, Karolína. "Destinační management a jeho praktická aplikace v oblasti Pece pod Sněžkou." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150375.

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The aim of this paper is an evaluation of destination's management in particular czech tourist destination. The paper begins with the theoretical part which explains basic relations and issues in management of destination. Such information is then applied in the practical part on destination Pec pod Sněžkou. It begins with the introduction of the destination. Afterwards are described main subjects, form of their cooperation and results of their activities. The deduction of the paper features an evaluation of destination and it's management and recommendations to the future.
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Nelson, Erik Healy. "Population consequences of predator avoidance behavior in the pea aphid /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Öz, Hasan Atılgan Atılgan. "Isparta yöresindeki seralarda fan ped sisteminin etkinliğinin belirlenmesi /." Isparta : SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TF01140.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Pea pod"

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ill, Williams Sam 1955, ed. Pea pod babies. Handprint Books, 2003.

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Corner, K. K. Pea pod fort. Monson Trading, 1986.

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Corner, K. K. Pea pod house. Monson Trading, 1986.

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ill, Costello Linda, and Milkie Melanie ill, eds. A Pea Pod Christmas. Playland Books, 1988.

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Stoy, Michael. Uncle Peasly and the pea pod kids. Monson Trading, 1986.

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ill, Costello Linda, and Milkie Melanie ill, eds. Adventures of the Pea Pod Kids in Uncle Peasly's shortcut. Playland Books, 1988.

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Goldberg, Linda. Pea in a pod: Your complete guide to pregnancy, childbirth & beyond. 2nd ed. Square One Publishers, 2012.

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Goldberg, Linda. Pea in a pod: Your personal step-by-step journey through the childbirth experience. Square One, 2008.

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illustrator, Bailey Peter 1946, ed. Peas in a pod. Corgi Books, an imprint of Random House Children's Publishers UK, 2013.

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McKimmie, Christopher. Two peas in a pod. Allen & Unwin, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pea pod"

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Donato, Dominique M., Steven K. Hanks, Kenneth A. Jacobson, et al. "PED/PEA-15." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101016.

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Bhiri, Fatma, Samira Abidi, Amir Bouallegue, Gmar Bensidhom, and Fatma Kallel. "A Renewable Cellulose Source: Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose Microfibers from Pea Pod Waste." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (3rd Edition). Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43922-3_9.

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Donato, Dominique M., Steven K. Hanks, Kenneth A. Jacobson, et al. "PED." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101015.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "stop(ped)." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10100.

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Donato, Dominique M., Steven K. Hanks, Kenneth A. Jacobson, et al. "PED-15." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_101017.

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Bruckdorfer, Till, Michael Kaufmann, and Simon Leibßle. "PED User Study." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27261-0_47.

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Baldacchino, John. "Art’s Ped(ago)gies." In What Is Art Education? Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-48127-6_8.

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Kolikov, Victor, and Philip Rutberg. "Application of the PED and WDN." In Pulsed Electrical Discharges for Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18129-5_10.

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Cantrell, Mary, Rachel Hall, Anna Leahy, and Audrey Petty. "11. Peas in a Pod: Trajectories of Educations and Careers." In What We Talk about When We Talk about Creative Writing, edited by Anna Leahy. Multilingual Matters, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783096022-013.

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Duckert-Henriod, M. M., and C. Favarger. "Section Poa." In Contribution à la cytotaxonomie et à la cytogéographie des Poa (Poaceae = Gramineae) de la Suisse. Birkhäuser Basel, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9293-3_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pea pod"

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Kreitmair-Steck, Wolfgang, and Wolfgang Tauber. "Aircraft Hazards by using Portable Electronic Devices (PED)." In EMC_2002_Wroclaw. IEEE, 2002. https://doi.org/10.23919/emc.2002.10842559.

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Kreitmair-Steck, Wolfgang, and Wolfgang Tauber. "Aircraft Hazards by Using Portable Electronic Devices (PED)." In EMC_2002_Wroclaw. IEEE, 2002. https://doi.org/10.23919/emc.2002.10842338.

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"PED 2017 Workshop Organizers." In 2017 IEEE 37th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdcsw.2017.95.

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"PED-BGP 2017 Keynote." In 2017 IEEE 37th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdcsw.2017.97.

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Mackay, E., S. Alonzo, and B. Madden. "Two Peas in a Pod: Unusually Similar Foreign Body Presentations." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a4129.

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Tanabe, Takayoshi, Yasutaka Kobayashi, and Akira Tsuji. "PED-stabilized chemically amplified photoresist." In SPIE's 1996 International Symposium on Microlithography, edited by Roderick R. Kunz. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.241851.

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Schoening, James R., Danielle K. Duff, Dorothy A. Hines, et al. "PED fusion via enterprise ontology." In SPIE Defense + Security, edited by Tien Pham and Michael A. Kolodny. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2182064.

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Pleshanov, K. A., T. V. Davydkina, and G. V. Fedotov. "PED Department Schedule Preparation Automation." In 2024 7th International Conference on Information Technologies in Engineering Education (Inforino). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inforino60363.2024.10551927.

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Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray, Swakshar Ray, Rajat Majumder, and Balarko Chaudhuri. "A case study on challenges for robust wide-area phasor POD." In Energy Society General Meeting (PES). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2009.5275406.

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Yamamoto, Kazuo, Kimio Yamada, and Naruto Yonemoto. "PED Interference Reporting System in Japan." In 2007 7th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Ecology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emceco.2007.4371692.

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Reports on the topic "Pea pod"

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Paxton, Joseph. Management and Operation of the PED SLA Lab. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada397031.

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Paxton, Joseph. Management and Operation of the PED SLA Lab. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada397035.

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Nordback, Krista, Kristin Tufte, Nathan McNeil, Morgan Harvey, and Michelle Watkins. Bike-Ped Portal: Development of an Online Nonmotorized Traffic Count Archive. Portland State University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.170.

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Gil Benítez, Alejandro, and María Pascual Mora. LA TOMOGRAFÍA POR EMISIÓN DE POSITRONES (PET); FUNDAMENTOS, DESARROLLO Y APLICACIONES. Fundación Avanza, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.60096/fundacionavanza/2322024.

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El desarrollo e implementación de la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) ha supuesto una revolución en el mundo de las técnicas de imagen clínica permitiendo obtener una nueva clase de información.
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DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC. U.S. Army Wireless Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wireless Portable Electronic Devices (PED) Policy. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402218.

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M., Menton, Perla J., Sotes J., and Fatorelli L. Análisis de las redes políticas de REDD+ en Perú. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005060.

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Cerdeira, Pablo, Marcus Mentzingen de Mendonça, and Urszula Gabriela Lagowska. Políticas públicas orientadas por dados: Os caminhos possíveis para governos locais. Edited by Mauricio Bouskela, Marcelo Facchina, and Hallel Elnir. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002727.

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Este texto para discussão aborda alguns estudos preliminares do Projeto “Big Data para o Desenvolvimento Urbano Sustentável” conduzido pela Fundação Getulio Vargas em parceria com o BID, com as cidades de Miraflores (Peru), Montevidéu (Uruguai), Quito (Equador), São Paulo (Brasil) e Xalapa (México) e com o apoio do aplicativo Waze. Este projeto faz parte da Cooperação Técnica Regional RG-T3095 financiada pelo BID, por intermédio do programa de Bens Públicos Regionais, e executado pela FGV. No BID, o estudo foi coordenado pela Divisão de Habitação e Desenvolvimento Urbano e, na FGV, pelo Centro de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento - CTD, e desenvolvido em parceria com o Centro de Estudos de Política e Economia do Setor Público - CEPESP (Aspectos Institucionais), a Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro - FGV Direito Rio (Aspectos Regulatórios) e a Escola de Matemática Aplicada - FGV EMAp (Ciencia de Dados).
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Xin, Chen, and Wang Zhongtang. PED Versus MEDL for the Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis : Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review Protocols, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.4.0188.

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Abbo, Shahal, Hongbin Zhang, Clarice Coyne, Amir Sherman, Dan Shtienberg, and George J. Vandemark. Winter chickpea; towards a new winter pulse for the semiarid Pacific Northwest and wider adaptation in the Mediterranean basin. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7597909.bard.

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Original objectives: [a] Screen an array of chickpea and wild annual Cicer germplasm for winter survival. [b] Genetic analysis of winter hardiness in domesticated x wild chickpea crosses. [c] Genetic analysis of vernalization response in domesticated x wild chickpea crosses. [d] Digital expression analysis of a core selection of breeding and germplasm lines of chickpea that differ in winter hardiness and vernalization. [e] Identification of the genes involved in the chickpea winter hardiness and vernalization and construction of gene network controlling these traits. [f] Assessing the phenotypic and genetic correlations between winter hardiness, vernalization response and Ascochyta blight response in chickpea. The complexity of the vernalization response and the inefficiency of our selection experiments (below) required quitting the work on ascochyta response in the framework of this project. Background to the subject: Since its introduction to the Palouse region of WA and Idaho, and the northern Great Plains, chickpea has been a spring rotation legume due to lack of winter hardiness. The short growing season of spring chickpea limits its grain yield and leaves relatively little stubble residue for combating soil erosion. In Israel, chilling temperatures limit pod setting in early springs and narrow the effective reproductive time window of the crop. Winter hardiness and vernalization response of chickpea alleles were lost due to a series of evolutionary bottlenecks; however, such alleles are prevalent in its wild progenitor’s genepool. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: It appears that both vernalization response and winter hardiness are polygenic traits in the wild-domesticated chickpea genepool. The main conclusion from the fieldwork in Israel is that selection of domesticated winter hardy and vernalization responsive types should be conducted in late flowering and late maturity backgrounds to minimize interference by daylength and temperature response alleles (see our Plant Breeding paper on the subject). The main conclusion from the US winter-hardiness studies is that excellent lines have been identified for germplasm release and continued genetic study. Several of the lines have good seed size and growth habit that will be useful for introgressing winter-hardiness into current chickpea cultivars to develop releases for autumn sowing. We sequenced the transcriptomes and profiled the expression of genes in 87 samples. Differential expression analysis identified a total of 2,452 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between vernalized plants and control plants, of which 287 were shared between two or more Cicer species studied. We cloned 498 genes controlling vernalization, named CVRN genes. Each of the CVRN genes contributes to flowering date advance (FDA) by 3.85% - 10.71%, but 413 (83%) other genes had negative effects on FDA, while only 83 (17%) had positive effects on FDA, when the plant is exposed to cold temperature. The cloned CVRN genes provide new toolkits and knowledge to develop chickpea cultivars that are suitable for autumn-sowing. Scientific &amp; agricultural implications: Unlike the winter cereals (barley, wheat) or pea, in which a single allelic change may induce a switch from winter to spring habit, we were unable to find any evidence for such major gene action in chickpea. In agricultural terms this means that an alternative strategy must be employed in order to isolate late flowering – ascochyta resistant (winter types) domesticated forms to enable autumn sowing of chickpea in the US Great Plains. An environment was identified in U.S. (eastern Washington) where autumn-sown chickpea production is possible using the levels of winter-hardiness discovered once backcrossed into advanced cultivated material with acceptable agronomic traits. The cloned CVRN genes and identified gene networks significantly advance our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying plant vernalization in general, and chickpea in particular, and provide a new toolkit for switching chickpea from a spring-sowing to autumn-sowing crop.
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Costa, Paulo, Gisele Nunes, Vitória Martins, Renato Oliveira, José Bitencourt, and Guilherme Oliveira. Manual para o monitoramento da ictiofauna por meio de DNA ambiental (eDNA). ITV DS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29223/prod.tec.itv.ds.2020.24.costa.

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A ictiofauna amazônica é composta por uma enorme diverdidade de peixes sendo muitas espécies de ocorrência local. Programas de conservação e monitoramento são muitas vezes dificultados tanto pela falta de especialistas quanto pela dificuldade da captura dos espécimes. A criação de indicadores biológicos é de suma importância principalmente para mineração, que necessita realizar monitoramento periódico para verificar se suas atividades estão ou podem causar impactos sob a diversidade ao entorno do empreendimento. Na Serra dos Carajás, um dos maiores depósitos mineral do mundo, existem lagoas que demandam monitoramento devido suas peculariedades e possibilidades de impactos. Essas lagoas são formadas sob crostas lateríticas ricas em ferro, em platôs acima de 770 m acima do nível do mar, no qual o nível de água é mantido pelo do regime de chuvas da região. Pensando em estratégias de manejo mais eficientes e rápidos, este trabalho teve como objetivo validar uma nova abordagem de levantamento de biodiversidade da ictiofauna utilizando os rastros de DNA presentes no ambiente. Para isso, foi usado a técnica de DNA metabarcoding que permite avaliar a diversidade e riqueza de espécies sem necessidade de captura, e sim através da análise de pequenos fragmentos de DNA a partir de uma amostras ambiental, como água ou sedimentos dos rios e lagoas.
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