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Journal articles on the topic 'Pendjari Biosphere Reserve'

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Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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1

YANKPE GBERE, Ibouraïma. "Gouvernance des aires protégées et réduction de la pauvreté dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari au Bénin." Revue d’Economie Théorique et Appliquée 8, no. 2 (2018): 127–46. https://doi.org/10.62519/reta.v8n2a3.

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Résumé : Suite aux effets néfastes de la mise en œuvre des programmes de réformes économiques dans les années 90, la gouvernance sera désormais partie intégrante des stratégies de développement et de réduction de la pauvreté, y compris celles des aires protégées. En partant des données collectées de mai à juin 2018 dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari au Bénin, cet article vérifie empiriquement la relation entre la gouvernance des aires protégées et la réduction de la pauvreté. L’estimation économétrique, à travers un modèle logistique, des trois dimensions de la pauvreté retenues par la Banque mondiale à savoir : Opportunité, Autonomisation et Sécurité montre que la gouvernance des aires protégées contribue à la réduction de la pauvreté des communautés riveraines. De même, la mise en place des systèmes de gouvernance des aires protégées, impliquant tous les groupes socioéconomiques, apparaît comme le plus important facteur d’amélioration de la situation des populations riveraines. Mots clés : Aires protégées, Gouvernance, Pauvreté, Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari, Bénin. Classification J.E.L.: I32 - Q57 - Q58. Protected areas’ governance and poverty reduction in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin. Abstract: As a result of the adverse effects of the implementation of economic reform programs in the 1990s, governance will now be an integral part of development and poverty reduction strategies, including those of protected areas. Based on data collected from May to June 2018 in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin, this article empirically verifies the relationship between protected area governance and poverty reduction. The econometric estimation, through a logistic model, of the three dimensions of poverty retained by the World Bank namely: Opportunity, Empowerment and Security highlights that the governance of protected areas contributes to the reduction of poverty in riverside communities. Similarly, the establishment of protected area governance systems, involving all socio-economic groups, appears to be the most important factor for improving the situation of local populations. Keywords: Protected areas, Governance, Poverty, Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Benin. JEL Classification: I32, Q57, Q58.
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2

Assédé, Emeline P. S., Aristide C. Adomou, and Brice Sinsin. "Magnoliophyta, Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari, Atacora province, Benin." Check List 8, no. 4 (2012): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/8.4.642.

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The Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari is an example of best management practice of protected areas in West Africa with typical Sudanian savanna vegetation. It is part of the vast and transboundary protected areas of W, Pendjari and Arly National Parks of Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger. This work provides an overview of the flora of the reserve by means of a thorough botanical inventory. The plant species composition is typical of Sudanian savanna. We recorded 684 plant species, which were distributed among 366 genera and 89 families. The two most species-rich families were Fabaceae (115) and Poaceae (112). The most important life forms were phanerophytes and therophytes. The chorological spectrum was dominated by Sudanian species. With Ipomoea beninensis Akoègninou, Lisowski and Sinsin, Thunbergia atacorensis Akoègninou and Lisowski and Cissus kouandeensis A.Chev., three endemic species of Benin were recorded, demonstrating the importance of the reserve for plant conservation.
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Assédé, Emeline, Aristide Adomou, and Brice Sinsin. "Magnoliophyta, Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari, Atacora province, Benin." Check List 8, no. (4) (2012): 642–61. https://doi.org/10.15560/8.4.642.

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The Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari is an example of best management practice of protected areas in West Africa with typical Sudanian savanna vegetation. It is part of the vast and transboundary protected areas of W, Pendjari and Arly National Parks of Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger. This work provides an overview of the flora of the reserve by means of a thorough botanical inventory. The plant species composition is typical of Sudanian savanna. We recorded 684 plant species, which were distributed among 366 genera and 89 families. The two most species-rich families were Fabaceae (115) and Poaceae (112). The most important life forms were phanerophytes and therophytes. The chorological spectrum was dominated by Sudanian species. With <em>Ipomoea beninensis </em>Akoègninou, Lisowski and Sinsin, <em>Thunbergia atacorensis </em>Akoègninou and Lisowski and <em>Cissus kouandeensis </em>A.Chev., three endemic species of Benin were recorded, demonstrating the importance of the reserve for plant conservation.
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4

Sogbohossou, Etotépé A., Hans H. de Iongh, Brice Sinsin, Geert R. de Snoo, and Paul J. Funston. "Human–carnivore conflict around Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, northern Benin." Oryx 45, no. 4 (2011): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310001109.

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AbstractClose proximity between humans and large predators results in high levels of conflict. We investigated the extent of, and factors leading to, this conflict through focal group and individual interviews in all villages around Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, northern Benin. Livestock losses from 2000 to 2007 (n = 752) were reported to be mainly caused by spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta (53.6%), baboon Papio anubis (24.8%), and lion Panthera leo (18.0%). These predators mainly predated sheep and goats (52.1%) and pigs (42.3%), with lions being the main predators of cattle (78.9%). Lion and hyaena diets were more diverse than that of baboons, which killed only small stock. The level of conflict increased during 2000–2007. Predation rate differs between predator species and is significantly influenced by month, rainfall of the month before the predation event, and length of the dry period in a year. The geographical position of the village, the distance of the village to the Park and the number of herbivores legally killed every hunting season also influenced predation intensity. Our findings suggest that improvement of husbandry techniques and education will reduce conflicts and contribute to improved conservation of these threatened predators.
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5

Tehou, Aristide. "Les elephants Loxodonta africana dans la reserve de Biosphere de la Pendjari nord-est Republique du Benin: abondance, densite et repartition spatiale." Pachyderm 33 (December 30, 2002): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.69649/pachyderm.v33i1.1112.

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Reviews the status of elephants (with reference to surveys in 1987, 1990, 2000-2002) in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in northwest Benin and compares recent figures with the density and abundance in other protected areas in the immediate area (Arly, Pama, W Park). Both aerial and ground surveys have been undertaken and the populations observed and/or estimated vary widely thus the author suggest that the ground survey counts in the central region (Pendjari NP) over the past three years be considered. However, due to migration patterns, here too the counts very widely with 433, 428 and 2607 animals being observed in 2000, 2001 and 2002 respectively. The author suggests counts and estimates should become more accurate as management capacity develops with the creation of a national centre for faunal reserves.
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6

Degbelo, Finagnon Galvius, Chabi Adéyèmi Marc Sylvestre Djagoun, Sêwanoudé Scholastique Mireille Toyi, et al. "What shapes the mammal species poaching in protected areas: biophysical or anthropogenic factors? A case study in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve." Nature Conservation 48 (May 25, 2022): 149–60. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.48.68243.

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Understanding what shapes the mammal species poaching in protected areas is critical to developing targeted management strategies for reducing poaching. We collected the data for poaching incidents on the GPS coordinates from 2011 to 2017 to map poaching incidents in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve. Poaching incidents were then related to environmental and anthropogenic variables using regression analyses. The study shows that poaching is more concentrated along the main river in the Pendjari National Park. Only nearest distance to the main river significantly predicted the location of high poaching incidents. These results could be used as the starting point by the park managers when planning the anti-poaching activities.
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7

Aisien, M. S. O., S. G. A. Nago, and M.-O. Rödel. "Parasitic Infections of Amphibians in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Benin." African Zoology 46, no. 2 (2011): 340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.046.0213.

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8

Aisien, M. S. O., S. G. A. Nago, and M. O. Rödel. "Parasitic infections of amphibians in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Benin." African Zoology 46, no. 2 (2011): 340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2011.11407507.

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9

Degbelo, Finagnon Galvius, Chabi Adéyèmi Marc Sylvestre Djagoun, Sêwanoudé Scholastique Mireille Toyi, et al. "What shapes the mammal species poaching in protected areas: biophysical or anthropogenic factors? A case study in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve." Nature Conservation 48 (May 25, 2022): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.48.68243.

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Understanding what shapes the mammal species poaching in protected areas is critical to developing targeted management strategies for reducing poaching. We collected the data for poaching incidents on the GPS coordinates from 2011 to 2017 to map poaching incidents in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve. Poaching incidents were then related to environmental and anthropogenic variables using regression analyses. The study shows that poaching is more concentrated along the main river in the Pendjari National Park. Only nearest distance to the main river significantly predicted the location of high poaching incidents. These results could be used as the starting point by the park managers when planning the anti-poaching activities.
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10

Zoffoun, Omobayo G., Chabi A. M. S. Djagoun, and Etotépé A. Sogbohossou. "Distribution patterns of fire regime in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, West Africa." Journal of Arid Land 15, no. 10 (2023): 1160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-023-0027-2.

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11

Efio, Sylvain, Etotépé A. Sogbohossou, Yves Z. Magnon, Bertrand Hamaide, Rigobert C. Tossou, and Brice A. Sinsin. "Vulnerability of Agricultural Households to Human–Wildlife Conflicts around Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Northern Benin." Land 13, no. 9 (2024): 1473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13091473.

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The Pendjari Biosphere Reserve is one of the protected areas of Benin where biodiversity conservation policies intertwine with the economic development of local populations. It is located in the Atacora region in northern Benin, which has a high prevalence of poverty and food insecurity among households. Agriculture and livestock farming are the primary activities of the local communities in the villages surrounding the reserve. However, wild animals sometimes cause damage to people’s fields or livestock. To deal with the damage caused by wild animals, local populations have developed several mitigation measures that may not be effective, leading them into a vulnerable situation. Vulnerability is often associated with the impacts of natural disasters and their management, anticipation, and recovery. In the context of human–wildlife conflict, vulnerability refers to the level of risk farmers face from issues such as crop raiding, livestock depredation, and human injury caused by wildlife, as well as farmers’ ability to cope with such damage. To assess the vulnerability of households, we used the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). Data were collected from July to December 2019 through questionnaires and interviews. We surveyed 320 households to collect data on their socio-demographics, livelihoods, social networks, natural capital, food and water security, and the incidence and severity of human–wildlife conflicts. The results showed that farmers around the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve are highly sensitive to human–wildlife conflicts, with a low adaptive capacity, revealing their vulnerability. More precisely, farmers are vulnerable in terms of major components of the LVI such as water, food, social networks, and livelihoods. Conservation policies are expected to pay more attention to local populations’ vulnerability to human–wildlife conflicts in order to improve their tolerance towards wildlife and guarantee the success of conservation efforts.
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12

Atanasso, Justin A., Sylvanus Mensah, Akomian F. Azihou, Bruno A. Djossa, Romain Glèlè Kakaï, and Achille E. Assogbadjo. "Heterospecific Tree Density and Environmental Factors Affect Afzelia africana Sm. Population Structure in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, West Africa: Implications for Management and Restoration." Tropical Conservation Science 12 (January 2019): 194008291882260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082918822604.

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Information on how abiotic and biotic factors affect species population structures and regeneration are critical for understanding plant growth in natural habitats. Here, we used the data from three spatially distinct populations of Afzelia africana Sm. in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin, to determine how the species population structures respond to abiotic and biotic factors. Afzelia africana population structures were studied using several parameters including basal area, tree height, density of successive diameter classes, and size class slope. We tested for individual effects of abiotic (mound density, soil type, and terrain slope) and biotic (heterospecific tree density) factors on the species population structure. We also tested for similarity of species composition among studied A. africana population stands. Results revealed a tree density structure with mature individuals, and size class distribution indicating a recruitment bottleneck at the juvenile stage (10–20 cm diameter), possibly due to mammal browsing, natural and artificial fires. Heterospecific tree density was positively associated with A. africana adult density but negatively related to the species growth parameters (mean diameter, basal area, and tree height). These results indicate some degrees of niche overlap between A. africana and coexisting species but also partly reflect A. africana tolerance and adaptation to limited resources environment. Soil type significantly influenced both basal area and regeneration density, greater values being observed on silt-sand-rocky soils. Basal area was higher on steeper slope, probably a result of species conservative strategies. These findings were discussed in line with management and restoration action needs in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve.
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13

Assèdé, Eméline S. P., S. S. Honoré Biaou, Hidirou Orou, et al. "Ecological and structural differentiation of the Sudanian woodlands in the Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari, Benin." Vegetation Classification and Survey 4 (July 19, 2023): 139–65. https://doi.org/10.3897/VCS.91126.

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Aims: This study aims to: i) differentiate the plant associations in the Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari (BRP), ii) determine the ecological characteristics of their habitats and iii) present distribution maps on different soil types. Study area: The BRP, located in the Sudanian Zone of Benin. Methods: 202 phytosociological relevés were sampled according to the Braun-Blanquet method within the BRP. Ordination was performed using Detrended Correspondence Analysis to evaluate vegetation patterns. Soil parameters were used to characterize the vegetation types. Results: The numerical analysis of 202 plots and 249 plant species showed two major floristic groups that correlated with a moisture gradient: drylands versus wetlands. The dryland group was a mixture of woodland and shrub savanna, the dominant ecosystems of the study area. The wetland group encompassed species primarily from riparian forest, tree savanna and grass savanna on floodplains. Syntaxonomical analysis of the dryland group showed rocky and gravelly soil associations (Burkeo africanae-Detarietum microcarpi) and soils associated with or without fine gravels (Andropogono gayani-Terminalietum avicennioidis, Andropogono gayani-Senegalietum dudgeonii and Terminalietum leiocarpae). Syntaxonomical analysis of the wetland group showed riparian forest associations on sandy-clay soil (Coletum laurifoliae, Borassetum aethiopi and Hyparrhenio glabriusculae-Mitragynetum inermis) and floodplain associations on silt-clay soil (Terminalio macropterae-Mitragynetum inermis, Brachiario jubatae-Terminalietum macropterae, Sorghastro bipennati-Vachellietum hockii). Conclusions: Eleven new associations were identified in this study. If the distribution of plant associations was determined by different soil properties, the soil humidity would be one of the main ecological factors determining the establishment of plant species and thus plant association development. Taxonomic reference: Akoègninou et al. (2006), Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants (APG IV, 2016). Abbreviations: BRP = Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari; CBD = Convention on Biological Diversity; CCA = Constrained Correspondence Analysis; DCA = Detrended Correspondence Analysis; GPS UTM = Global Positioning System Universal Transverse Mercator.
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14

Assèdé, Eméline S. P., S. S. Honoré Biaou, Hidirou Orou, et al. "Ecological and structural differentiation of the Sudanian woodlands in the Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari, Benin." Vegetation Classification and Survey 4 (July 19, 2023): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vcs.91126.

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Aims: This study aims to: i) differentiate the plant associations in the Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari (BRP), ii) determine the ecological characteristics of their habitats and iii) present distribution maps on different soil types. Study area: The BRP, located in the Sudanian Zone of Benin. Methods: 202 phytosociological relevés were sampled according to the Braun-Blanquet method within the BRP. Ordination was performed using Detrended Correspondence Analysis to evaluate vegetation patterns. Soil parameters were used to characterize the vegetation types. Results: The numerical analysis of 202 plots and 249 plant species showed two major floristic groups that correlated with a moisture gradient: drylands versus wetlands. The dryland group was a mixture of woodland and shrub savanna, the dominant ecosystems of the study area. The wetland group encompassed species primarily from riparian forest, tree savanna and grass savanna on floodplains. Syntaxonomical analysis of the dryland group showed rocky and gravelly soil associations (Burkeo africanae-Detarietum microcarpi) and soils associated with or without fine gravels (Andropogono gayani-Terminalietum avicennioidis, Andropogono gayani-Senegalietum dudgeonii and Terminalietum leiocarpae). Syntaxonomical analysis of the wetland group showed riparian forest associations on sandy-clay soil (Coletum laurifoliae, Borassetum aethiopi and Hyparrhenio glabriusculae-Mitragynetum inermis) and floodplain associations on silt-clay soil (Terminalio macropterae-Mitragynetum inermis, Brachiario jubatae-Terminalietum macropterae, Sorghastro bipennati-Vachellietum hockii). Conclusions: Eleven new associations were identified in this study. If the distribution of plant associations was determined by different soil properties, the soil humidity would be one of the main ecological factors determining the establishment of plant species and thus plant association development. Taxonomic reference: Akoègninou et al. (2006), Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants (APG IV, 2016). Abbreviations: BRP = Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari; CBD = Convention on Biological Diversity; CCA = Constrained Correspondence Analysis; DCA = Detrended Correspondence Analysis; GPS UTM = Global Positioning System Universal Transverse Mercator.
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15

Dossou-Yovo, H. O., A. E. Assogbadjo, and B. Sinsin. "The Contribution of Termitaria to Plant Species Conservation in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin." Environment and Ecology Research 4, no. 4 (2016): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/eer.2016.040403.

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16

Kassa, Barthelemy D., Belarmain Fandohan, Akomian F. Azihou, et al. "Survey ofLoxodonta africana(Elephantidae)-caused bark injury onAdansonia digitata(Malavaceae) within Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Benin." African Journal of Ecology 52, no. 4 (2013): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12131.

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17

Sogbohossou, Etotépé A., Hans Bauer, Andrew Loveridge, et al. "Social Structure of Lions (Panthera leo) Is Affected by Management in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Benin." PLoS ONE 9, no. 1 (2014): e84674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084674.

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18

Houindote, Elodiade, D. Paolo Lesse, Thierry D. Houehanou, François Muhashy Habiyaremye, Luc Janssens De Bisthoven, and Marcel B. R. Houinato. "La pratique du feu de végétation dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari (Benin, Afrique de l’Ouest) : fréquence spatio–temporelle et perception locale de l’effet sur la végétation des terroirs riverains." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 6 (2023): 2756–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i6.23.

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Les feux de végétation sont des phénomènes complexes nécessitant un suivi régulier. Pour ceci, dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari, la fréquence et l’occurrence des feux actifs ont été analysées sur la base des images du capteur MODIS pour une période de 19 ans. En outre, la perception locale des impacts de la répétition du feu précoce sur les espèces végétales a été investiguée auprès de 150 riverains. Les images ont été traitées dans le logiciel ArcGIS pour évaluer l’intensité des feux actifs dans la réserve. Les données d’enquêtes ont été soumises à des Analyses en Composantes Principales et à des analyses de variance. Les résultats montrent que le feu précoce emblave en moyenne annuellement 295103 ha (61,76% de la superficie totale) avec une densité comprise entre 0,03 et 9,98 feux/km². Ce qui confirme la forte utilisation du feu précoce dans la réserve. Selon les enquêtés, cette régularité occasionne à long terme sur la végétation, une diminution de l’abondance des espèces comme Parkia biglobosa et Vitellaria paradoxa. Ces résultats permettront d’apporter une attention particulière à l’étude du lien entre le feu précoce et l’exploitation durable des espèces citées.&#x0D; Vegetation fires are complex phenomena that require regular monitoring. To this end, in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, the frequency and occurrence of active fires were analyzed on the basis of MODIS sensor images for a period of 19 years. In addition, the local perception of the impacts of repeated early fire on plant species was investigated with 150 local residents. Images were processed in ArcGIS software to assess the intensity of active fires in the reserve. Survey data were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results show that early fire embraces an average of 295103 ha (61.76% of the total area) annually with a density between 0.03 and 9.98 fires/km². This confirms the high use of early fire in the reserve. According to the respondents, this regularity causes a long-term decrease in the abundance of species such as Parkia biglobosa and Vitellaria paradoxa on the vegetation. These results will allow us to pay particular attention to the study of the link between early fire and the sustainable exploitation of these species.
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Vodouhê, Fifanou G., Ousmane Coulibaly, Charlotte Greene, and Brice Sinsin. "Estimating the Local Value of Non-Timber Forest Products to Pendjari Biosphere Reserve Dwellers in Benin." Economic Botany 63, no. 4 (2009): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12231-009-9102-7.

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20

Djagoun, C. A. M. S., D. Codron, J. Sealy, G. A. Mensah, and B. Sinsin. "Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis of the Diets of West African Bovids in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Northern Benin." South African Journal of Wildlife Research 43, no. 1 (2013): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3957/056.043.0107.

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21

H., O. Dossou-Yovo, G. Vodouhe F., and Sinsin B. "Assessment of the medicinal uses of plant species found on termitaria in the Pendjari biosphere reserve in Benin." Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 8, no. 8 (2014): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jmpr10.124.

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22

Gnonlonfoun, Isidore, Barthélémy Kassa, Fortuné Azihou, Sylvanus Mensah, Romain Lucas Glèlè Kakaï, and Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo. "Perceived Effects of Elephants (Loxodonta africana Cuvier) Presence and Impacts on Ecosystem Services Supply in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, West Africa." Tropical Conservation Science 12 (January 2019): 194008291986597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082919865979.

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Information on how biotic factors influence delivery of ecosystem services (ES) in natural systems is important for holistic landscape management. In this study, we assessed the perceived effects of elephants’ presence on ES supply in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in West Africa. A total of 112 respondents, including riparian communities and reserve officials, were interviewed. First, we used ranking techniques based on stakeholders’ perceptions to evaluate differences in perceived importance of ES. Second, we assessed the perceived impact of elephants on ES supply from both direction and intensity perspective. Third, we assessed the economic importance of threatened ESs and elephants’ damages related economic losses incurred by households. Twenty-seven ES were enumerated, 13 provisioning ES, 12 cultural ES, and two from the regulating and maintenance ES category. Provisioning ES were perceived as the most important although not significantly different from other categories. PES were also found to be most affected negatively by elephants’ impacts. However, elephants’ presence increased supply of cultural ES. The average cost of the losses due to elephants’ negative impacts ranged from $174.80 to $586.05 per year and per victim household. These results were discussed in relation to management actions necessary to facilitate coexistence between elephant and local populations.
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Ramanou Aboudou Yacoubou Mama, Aboudou, Youssoufou Adam, Sylvestre Bio Dakou, et al. "DYNAMIQUE DE LOCCUPATION DES TERRES AUTOUR DE LA RESERVE DE BIOSPHERE DE LA PENDJARI AU NORD-OUEST DU BENIN." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 4 (2020): 870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10851.

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Assédé, Eméline Sêssi Pélagie, Chabi Adéyèmi Marc Sylvestre Djagoun, Akomian Fortuné Azihou, et al. "Folk perceptions and patterns of use of orchid species in Benin, West Africa." Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 20 (December 20, 2017): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/fvss.20.48.

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In Benin, people have a rich ethnobotanical knowledge of plant species, reflecting the cultural and ecological diversity of their environment. Several studies were focused on the question of how valuable are plant species for local communities. However, there has been very little research interest in the orchid species in spite of the importance of orchids in the livelihood of the local people. This study examined the use and differences in knowledge of local people of orchids in the Sudanian zone of Benin. An ethnobotanical study was conducted amongst the four main socio-economic and ethnic groups from six villages around the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin. One hundred and sixty people participated in this study. Data were gathered using semi-structured individual interviews and analysed using quantitative ethnobotanical methods. 29 different types of use were recorded and can be grouped into four main use categories: medicinal, veterinary, spiritual and food. There were differences in orchid utilization among the ethnic groups, gender and age. The knowledge of orchid uses was significantly affected by the ethnic group and the age of the respondent. Unlike young educated generations, most adults and elders, especially women, had a more comprehensive knowledge of orchid uses. Calyptrochilum christianum, the most used orchid, was mentioned in more than 50% of the types of orchid use. The Gourmantché and Waama tribe had more knowledge on orchid use whereas the Berba tribe had less knowledge. Three orchid species (Habenaria cirrhata, Eulophia horsfallii and Nervilia bicarinata) were reported as food. Orchids had low use value ranging from 0.01 (Eulophia spp) to 0.2 (C. christianum). The controlled access to the biosphere reserve and rural exodus can explain the lack of indigenous knowledge transfer of orchid use and value from elders to the young generation.
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Djagoun, Chabi A. M. S., Barthélemy Kassa, Guy A. Mensah, and Brice A. Sinsin. "Seasonal Habitat and Diet Partitioning between Two Sympatric Bovid Species in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (Northern Benin): Waterbuck and Western Kob." African Zoology 48, no. 2 (2013): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.048.0204.

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Djagoun, Chabi A. M. S., Barthélemy Kassa, Guy A. Mensah, and Brice A. Sinsin. "Seasonal habitat and diet partitioning between two sympatric bovid species in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (northern Benin): waterbuck and western kob." African Zoology 48, no. 2 (2013): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2013.11407594.

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Gbeffe, Alain K., Thierry D. Houehanou, Muhashy Habiyaremye, et al. "Effects of termite mounds on composition, functional types and traits of plant communities in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (Benin, West Africa)." African Journal of Ecology 55, no. 4 (2017): 580–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12391.

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Paré, Samuel, Boukaré Kaboré, Christin Stechert, Marit Kolb, Müfit Bahadir, and L. Y. Bonzi-Coulibaly. "Agricultural Practice and Pesticide Residues in Soils and Pool Sediments from the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve Area in Benin, West Africa." CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 42, no. 11 (2014): 1593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.201200371.

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Djagoun, Chabi A. M. S., Bruno A. Djossa, and Guy A. Mensah. "Vigilance Efficiency and Behaviour of Bohor Reedbuck Redunca redunca (Pallas 1767) in a Savanna Environment of Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (Northern Benin)." Mammal Study 38, no. 2 (2013): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3106/041.038.0203.

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Houehanou, Thierry D., Romain L. Glèlè Kakaï, Achille E. Assogbadjo, et al. "Change in the woody floristic composition, diversity and structure from protected to unprotected savannahs in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (Benin, West Africa)." African Journal of Ecology 51, no. 2 (2012): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12046.

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Vodouhê, Fifanou Gbèlidji, Anselme Adégbidi, Ousmane Coulibaly, and Brice Sinsin. "Parkia biglobosa(Jacq.) R. Br.exBenth. harvesting as a tool for conservation and source of income for local people in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve." Acta Botanica Gallica 158, no. 4 (2011): 595–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2011.10516297.

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ASSOGBA, Orgely Doris Imeilda, Kolawolé Valère SALAKO, Benjamin FANTODJI, Éméline P. S. ASSÉDÉ, Achille Ephrem ASSOGBADJO, and Paxie Wanangwa CHIRWA. "Does land use type impact the demographic and spatial structures of Adansonia digitata L. in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Northern Benin?" BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 344 (August 18, 2020): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2020.344.a31908.

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Changes in land use type (LUT) are a major driver of biodiversity loss and species decline. Responses to changes in LUT are species-specific, which may in turn be context-dependent. Understanding such responses is essential for the management of socio-economically important wild tree species. The baobab, Adansonia digitata L., is an important traditional agroforestry tree species in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study assesses how LUT affects the demographic and spatial structure of baobab stands. Using data from a census and mapping of baobab trees in 12 plots of 250 m × 250 m each, the study compared baobab tree density, total height and diameter, diameter size-class distribution (SCD), stand stability, and spatial relationships in a strictly protected area (national park), a buffer zone and farmlands (Matéri and Boukombé) in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin. The results show that the highest young and adult tree densities are in farmlands (particularly in Matéri), followed by the buffer zone and the national park. No significant differences in tree diameter and total height of baobab trees were found among the different LUT. The SCD had a reverse J-shape with a better negative slope and population stability metrics in farmlands (particularly in Matéri) but a flattened slope in the buffer zone. The spatial distributions of juvenile and adult baobab trees were random, and independent of each other. The spatial distribution of juvenile and adult baobabs was also independent of the other tree species, irrespective of LUT. It was concluded that baobab conservation is better in farmlands than in the national park but that the difference between park and farmlands may be context-dependent, probably linked to local environmental conditions, the socio-ecological context and interactions with baobab trees.
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Akpona, T. J. D., H. A. Akpona, B. A. Djossa, et al. "Impact of land use practices on traits and production of shea butter tree (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn.) in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin." Agroforestry Systems 90, no. 4 (2015): 607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9847-1.

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Djossa, Bruno Agossou, Jakob Fahr, T. Wiegand, B. E. Ayihouénou, E. K. Kalko, and B. A. Sinsin. "Land use impact on Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaerten. stand structure and distribution patterns: a comparison of Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari in Atacora district in Benin." Agroforestry Systems 72, no. 3 (2007): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-007-9097-y.

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Djagoun, Chabi A. M. S., Brice Sinsin, and Nicole Wrage-Mönnig. "Stable isotope niche segregation between rare topi antelope (Damaliscus lunatus korrigum) and other sympatric bulk grazers in Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (Northern Benin): Implication for topi conservation." Global Ecology and Conservation 22 (June 2020): e00918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00918.

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36

N’Woueni, Daniel K., and Orou G. Gaoue. "Plant Diversity Increased Arthropod Diversity and Crop Yield in Traditional Agroforestry Systems but Has No Effect on Herbivory." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (2022): 2942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052942.

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Improving agricultural production in response to the increasing food demand remains a major challenge in agroecology. The world has made significant efforts to meet this issue by developing several cultivation techniques, such as the use of chemical fertilizers and arable land conversion into agricultural land. However, most of these techniques have caused a significant loss of biodiversity and ecosystems services. Recent data suggest that biological conservation within and around agroforestry systems are potential solutions that can both reduce biodiversity loss and guarantee crop production. This logic is based on the hypothesis that increasing plant diversity in and around agricultural systems can limit the pest attack rate and increase crop yield. We tested this hypothesis using structural equation modeling on empirical data collected in agroforestry systems around the Pendjari biosphere reserve in West Africa. We measured crop diversity, crop yield, arthropod pest diversity, abundance, the rate of crop herbivory, and the diversity of plants in surrounding natural vegetation in 32 permanent plots. We estimated arthropod diversity and abundance using pitfall traps. We found a direct positive effect for plant diversity and a direct negative effect of arthropod herbivory on crop yield. The diversity of plants in surrounding natural vegetation had a direct positive effect on arthropod pest diversity but a marginal negative direct effect on the rate of crop herbivory. We found no significant direct or indirect effect for crop diversity. Our findings underline the important role of biodiversity conservation in agricultural production improvement. We suggest that the conservation of plant diversity around agroforestry systems may be an effective option to control herbivory damage. Its combination with other pest control techniques may further limit crop depredation and ensure the long-term conservation of wildlife.
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Chabi-Boni, S.D., S.G.A. Nago, and K.A. Natta. "Effet de la distance et de superficie cultivable sur les pratiques de chasse villageoise autour de la Pendjari en République du Bénin." Revue Scientifique et Technique Forêt et Environnement du Bassin du Congo 18 (March 28, 2022): 41–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391502.

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<strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;</strong> La chasse fait partie des menaces majeures pour les esp&egrave;ces de faune. Un ensemble de connaissances &eacute;mergentes soutient que les pratiques de chasse dans les territoires adjacents des r&eacute;serves de faune sont g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement l&rsquo;apanage des m&eacute;nages pauvres situ&eacute;s &agrave; proximit&eacute; des Aires Prot&eacute;g&eacute;es (AP). Cette &eacute;tude part de l&rsquo;hypoth&egrave;se g&eacute;n&eacute;rale selon laquelle la distance de l&rsquo;emplacement des chasseurs &agrave; la lisi&egrave;re des AP et leur superficie cultivable influencent les activit&eacute;s de chasse. L&rsquo;&eacute;tude a pour objectif d&rsquo;&eacute;valuer l&rsquo;effet de la distance et de la superficie cultivable des m&eacute;nages sur le nombre de pratiques de chasse et la probabilit&eacute; de chasser une esp&egrave;ce &agrave; strat&eacute;gie d&eacute;mographique K dans la p&eacute;riph&eacute;rie de de la R&eacute;serve de Biosph&egrave;re de la Pendjari. Les donn&eacute;es ont &eacute;t&eacute; recueillies &agrave; l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;un questionnaire sur une base individuelle de 400 chasseurs contact&eacute;s au hasard dans dix arrondissements. La r&eacute;alisation des graphiques, des fr&eacute;quences relatives, des Analyses Factorielles des Correspondances (AFC) et les R&eacute;gressions Lin&eacute;aires G&eacute;n&eacute;ralis&eacute;es (RLG) ont &eacute;t&eacute; faites sous le logiciel statistique R. Les r&eacute;sultats ont indiqu&eacute; que les chasseurs du milieu d&rsquo;&eacute;tude pratiquaient six types de chasse.&nbsp; La distance a un effet significatif sur le nombre de pratique de chasse (Z=3,06 ; p &le; 0,002) qui augmente avec l&rsquo;&eacute;loignement des chasseurs &agrave; la limite de la r&eacute;serve. De m&ecirc;me, le nombre de pratique de chasse augmente au niveau des chasseurs ayant une grande superficie cultivable (Z=3,017; p &le; 0,002). La distance n&rsquo;a pas un effet significatif sur la probabilit&eacute; de chasser une esp&egrave;ce &agrave; strat&eacute;gie d&eacute;mographique K (&beta;=-0,006&plusmn; 0,004, Z=-1,453, p=0,1461). Ces r&eacute;sultats permettent de circonscrire la zone d&rsquo;influence spatiale et sociale des pratiques de chasse afin de proposer les meilleurs programmes de gestion de la faune. &nbsp; <strong>Abstract</strong> Hunting is one of the major threats to wildlife species. A body of emerging knowledge maintains that hunting practices in territories adjacent to wildlife reserves are generally the prerogative of poor households located near Protected Areas (PA). This study is based on the general hypothesis that the distance of the location of hunters from the edge of PA and their cultivable area influence hunting activities. The study aims to assess the effect of distance and cultivable area of households on the number of hunting practices and the probability of hunting a species with demographic strategy K in the periphery of the Biosphere Reserve of the Pendjari. The data was collected using a questionnaire on an individual basis of 400 hunters contacted at random in ten boroughs. The graphs, relative frequencies, Factorial Correspondence Analyzes (CFA) and Generalized Linear Regressions (GLR) were made under the statistical software R. The results indicated that the hunters in the study group practiced six types of hunting. Distance has a significant effect on the number of hunting practices (Z = 3.06; p &le; 0.002) which increases with the distance of hunters at the edge of the reserve. Likewise, the number of hunting practices increases among hunters with a large cultivable area (Z = 3.017; p &le; 0.002). Distance does not have a significant effect 69 on the probability of hunting a species with a demographic strategy K (&beta; = -0.006 &plusmn; 0.004, Z = -1.453, p = 0.1461). These results make it possible to define the area of spatial and social influence of hunting practices and to propose the best wildlife management programs.
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38

NAGO, S. GILLES ARMEL, BRICE A. SINSIN, and MARK-OLIVER RÖDEL. "The tadpole of Ptychadena schillukorum (Werner, 1908 “1907”) (Amphibia: Anura: Ptychadenidae)." Zootaxa 2115, no. 1 (2009): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2115.1.6.

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The Ptychadenidae Dubois, 1987 are a frog family endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar (Frost 2008). Within the genus Ptychadena Boulenger, 1917 49 species are currently recognized as valid (Frost 2008), most of them breeding in temporary savanna ponds (Rödel 2000; Channing 2001; Channing &amp; Howell 2006). In the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (PBR) in northern Benin this genus is extraordinary diverse. Here we recorded seven sympatric and partly syntopic Ptychadena species (Nago et al. 2006). The tadpoles of six West African species, P. bibroni (Hallowell, 1845), P. pumilio (Boulenger, 1920), P. oxyrhynchus (Smith, 1849), P. tellinii (Peracca, 1904), P. tournieri (Guibé &amp; Lamotte, 1955) and P. trinodis (Boettger, 1881) have already been described (Lamotte &amp; Zuber-Vogeli 1953; Guibé &amp; Lamotte 1958; Lamotte et al. 1958, 1959; Lamotte &amp; Perret 1961; Perret 1966; Rödel 2000; Rödel &amp; Spieler 2000). Hence, P. schillukorum (Werner, 1908 “1907”) is the only West African savanna Ptychadena with an unknown tadpole. P. schillukorum ranges from Senegal, east to south-western Ethiopia and southern Somalia, south to Malawi, central Mozambique, south-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo and western Angola (Channing 2001; Nago et al. 2006). Recently it was reported from Egypt (Baha el Din 2006). It is hence either a very widespread savanna species or a member of a complex of cryptic species (see Nago et al. 2006 and Frost 2008 for synonyms of P. schillukorum). In West Africa it only occurs in drier savannas. In PBR these frogs breed in shallow savanna ponds, often in syntopy with Phrynobatrachus francisci Boulenger, 1912 and Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Smith, 1849) (Nago et al. 2006). The PBR is located in the Soudanian savanna zone in northern Benin (N 10°30-11°30, E 0°50-2°00). The climate is characterized by a short rainy season from late May or even June/July to early October. The mean annual precipitation is 1000 mm and the mean annual temperature is 27°C. For more details see Nago et al. (2006).
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Aisien, Martins S. O., Omoyemwen Edo-Taiwo, and Abigail A. Imasuen. "Ecological Scenarios and Parasite Diversity in Anurans of West Africa: A Review." Diversity 13, no. 6 (2021): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13060223.

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This paper is a survey of the parasite diversity, prevalence and infection intensity in anurans in diverse ecological settings in West Africa. The settings included natural habitats (rainforests, freshwater creeks, Guinea and Sudan savannas), monoculture plantations (cocoa, cotton and oil palm), urbanized and urbanizing rainforest biotopes and polluted environments due to oil industry activities. The natural habitats had higher amphibian species diversity, moderate parasite prevalence and low infection intensity, showing a balance in the host/parasite relationship. These habitats yielded most of the monogeneans, among which were new species. The freshwater creek biotope had low amphibian diversity, but hosts from this environment harbored several parasite taxa, a situation attributed to a prolonged wet season, high environmental humidity and persistent breeding pools for insect vectors in this area. The monoculture plantations were characterized by high parasite prevalence but lower infection intensity. For example, in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Bénin Republic, the Agricultural Zone (AZ) had higher parasite prevalence values, while the National Park (NP) and Buffer Zone (BZ) had higher infection intensities. Higher prevalence was attributed to the single or combined effects of vector population explosion, immune-suppression by agrochemicals, nutrient enrichment and eutrophication from fertilizer use. The lower infection intensity was attributed to the inhibitory effect of the pesticide-contaminated environment on the free-living larval stages of parasites. The adverse effect of pesticide contamination was also evident in the lower infection intensity recorded in the anurans from the cocoa plantations at Ugboke in comparison to those from the pesticide-free village settlement. Urbanization reduced host diversity and numbers and increased the vector population, resulting in unusually high parasite prevalence and infection intensities at Diobu and Port Harcourt and high prevalence recorded for Ophidascaris larvae in the anurans of Evbuabogun. Oil pollution in the mangrove community reduced both host and parasite diversity; infection intensity was also low due to the adverse conditions confronting free-living stages of parasites in their development milieu. The high prevalence values obtained for monogeneans (Polystoma spp.) in Ptychadena spp. from Ogoniland was presumed to have resulted from host tadpole sequestration and exposure to high oncomiracidia burden in the few hospitable ponds. Also reviewed is the phenomenon of amphibian paratenism, a strategy on which many helminth parasites rely on for their trophic transmission to their definitive hosts.
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Aristide, Tehou, Kossou Eric, Mensah Apolinaire, Houinato Marcel, and Sinsin Brice. "Indentification et caractérisation des formations végétales exploitées par l’éléphant Loxodonta africana dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari au Nord-Ouest de la République du Bénin." Pachyderm 52 (December 31, 2012): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.69649/pachyderm.v52i.305.

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Les formations végétales de la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari (RBP) sont soumises à une utilisation permanente par la population des éléphants. Ces formations représentent une importante source d’alimentation pour la faune en général et en particulier pour les éléphants mais aussi une source d’approvisionnement en viande de gibier et autres produits forestiers non ligneux pour les populations riveraines. Peu de données scientifiques existent sur les relations entre les formations végétales exploitées par les éléphants et les éléphants dans la RBP. Les objectifs de l’étude sont les suivants: identifier les différentes zones exploitées par les éléphants ; caractériser les différentes formations végétales exploitées par les éléphants ; et évaluer les dégâts occasionnés par les éléphants sur ces formations. La méthode de Braun-Blanquet a été utilisée pour les relevés phytosociologiques. Les matrices des données collectées à partir des relevés ont été traitées avec le logiciel STATISTICA. Le dendrogramme a été obtenu à l’aide du logiciel STATISTICA par la méthode de Ward sur la base des distances euclidiennes pour définir les groupements végétaux. La surface terrière, la structure verticale et la structure horizontale ont été les paramètres dendrométriques calculés. L’ensemble des données a été soumis au test de Monté Carlo pour analyser les corrélations entre les facteurs environnementaux et les différentes phytocénoses exploitées par les éléphants dans le but d’évaluer l’impact des éléphants sur les formations végétales. Les résultats ont montré que les zones de Porga et d’Arly étaient des zones de forte concentration en éléphants, tandis que celles de Batia et Konkombri étaient des zones de faible concentration en éléphants. Sur les 61 relevés x 183 espèces effectués sur l’ensemble des zones identifiées, le dendrogramme a fait ressortir 5 groupements végétaux discriminés suivants les facteurs type de formations végétales, niveau de dégradation due à la densité en éléphants et la superficie des zones abritant ces groupements. La structure verticale observée était une distribution s’ajustant dans l’ensemble à une distribution en cloche de Gauss. La structure horizontale était en J renversé et traduisant une formation naturelle. Selon la typologie des dégâts occasionnés par les éléphants, la présence des chablis étaient fortement corrélés avec les zones de forte concentration en éléphants. En somme, la caractérisation dendrométrique faite souligne que la végétation de la RBP demeure en bon état de conservation malgré son caractère giboyeux dans la sous région de l’Afrique de l’ouest. Mots clés supplémentaires : phytosociologie, dendrométrie, Chablis, régénération The plant communities of the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (PBR) are continuously consumed by the elephant population. These plant communities are an important source of food for wildlife in general and for elephants in particular, and they are also a source of bushmeat and other non-woody forest products for the neighbouring populations. Little scientific data exist on the relationship between the plant species that elephants eat andelephants in the PBR. The objectives of the study were to: identify the different zones elephants use, characterize the different plant communities elephants consume, and evaluate elephant damage on the plant communities. The Braun-Blanquet method was used for the phytosociological survey. Matrices of data collected from the survey were processed using STATISTICA software. The dendrogram was obtained using STATISTICA software by Ward’s method using Euclidian distances to define plant species. The earth’s surface, the vertical and horizontal structures, were the dendrometric parameters calculated. All data were subjected to the Monte Carlo test in order to analyse the correlations between environmental factors and the different phytocenoses elephants use to evaluate their impact on plant communities. The results showed that Porga and Arly zones had high concentrations of elephants while Batia and Konkombri had low concentrations. Out of 61 plants surveyed x 183 species in all the zones identified, the dendrogram identified five groups of plants differentiated according to typical characteristics of plant communities, the level of degradation caused by elephants and the area of the zones containing these groups of plants. The vertical structure observed corresponded mainly with a Gaussian bell-shaped distribution. The horizontal structure was an inverted J and resulted from a natural formation. As regards the type of damage caused by elephants, the presence of felled trees was strongly correlated with areas of high concentration of elephants. Overall, the dendrometric characterization carried out underlines the fact that the vegetation in the PBR is still in a good state of conservation despite the number of wild animals in this West African sub-region. Additional key words: phytosociology, dendrometrics, felled trees, regeneration
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Aboudou, Ramanou Aboudou Yacoubou Mama, Adam Sylvestre Bio Dakou Youssoufou, Tondro Mamam Azizou Sabi Yo Boni Abdou-Madjidou, and Ouassa and Moussa Gibigaye Pierre. "DYNAMIQUE DE LOCCUPATION DES TERRES AUTOUR DE LA RESERVE DE BIOSPHERE DE LA PENDJARI AU NORD-OUEST DU BENIN." April 16, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840992.

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The dynamics of land use units are the direct consequence of human activities on naturel resources. The aim of this research is to analyse the dynamics of land use between 1998 and 2018 around the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (PBR). For this purpose, the method used is based on the diachronic analysis of land use units. This method made it possible to analyse the parameters of the different land use units. Using remote sensing and mapping, the 1998 and 2008 ETM+ and 2018 OLI-TIRS satellite images of the research area were interpreted to obtain the land use maps. Analysis of the results showed that from 1998 to 2008, natural formations such as gallery forest dense forest wooded savannah open forest and saxicolous savannah experienced a strong regression with a rate of -51.13%. On the other hand, the wooded and shrubby savannah rocky surface and water surface experienced a progression with a rate of about 34%. As for anthropogenic formations, namely mosaics of fields and fallow land plantations and settlements recorded an increase of 13.19%. Similarly, between 2008 and 2013, natural formations such as gallery forest, open forest, wooded savannah and wooded and shrubby savannah experienced a sharp decline with a rate of -49.6%. However, the Saxicoliansavannah rocky surface and water surface experienced a progression with a rate of about 1%. With regard to anthropogenic formations, the mosaics of fields and fallow land plantations and settlements recorded a strong increase of about 45%.
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N’Woueni, Daniel K., and Orou G. Gaoue. "Species ethnobotanical values rather than regional species pool determine plant diversity in agroforestry systems." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03408-3.

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AbstractThe conversion of natural systems into farms and agroecosystems is the main cause of biodiversity loss. In human-dominated landscapes, understanding the interactions between agroforestry systems and adjacent natural vegetation is fundamental to developing sustainable agricultural systems. Species can move between these two systems with natural systems providing the regional pool of species that shape the agricultural values and conservation value of the agroforestry systems. We investigated the influence of neighboring natural habitats on traditional agroforestry systems in the buffer zone of Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin to understand the contribution of regional processes on the quality of agroforestry systems. We expected that agroforestry parklands adjacent to natural vegetation with high species diversity will also have higher plant species diversity. We found no similarity in plant species composition between agroforestry systems and adjacent natural habitats. A small proportion of species in adjacent natural habitats were found in agroforestry systems. The proportion of shared species was not significantly influenced by plant diversity in adjacent natural habitats or the distance from the agroforestry systems to the natural adjacent habitat. However, plant diversity in agroforestry systems was strongly associated with site ethnobotanical values indicating that farmers act as a supplemental but severe environmental filter of the regional species pool. Our study suggests that promoting the plantation of plants with high ethnobotanical use-value is a potentially viable strategy for sustainable agriculture and ecological restoration in Biosphere reserves.
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Babah Daouda, Bio Barriou, M'Mouyohoun Kouagou, Eméline P. S. Assede, and Orou G. Gaoue. "Biotic pressure outweighs the influence of resource availability on physical defense investment in a tropical tree." AoB PLANTS, May 16, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plaf027.

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Abstract Plants have long-lasting and complex interactions with herbivores, including insects and mammals. In response to high herbivory rates, plants either tolerate biomass loss or develop several defense mechanisms, such as physical defense. The resource availability hypothesis predicts that plant defense investment is dependent on resource availability and plant’s life history. However, the effect of resource availability on plant investment in defense is mediated through biotic pressure. We tested the effects of soil qualities and browsing pressure on the physical defense and reproductive investments in Acacia sieberiana at the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in West Africa. We selected six populations, including three in the Pendjari River floodplain where soil moisture is high but with high elephant browsing pressure, and three populations on the plateau in the hunting zone where soils are drier and relatively poorer with a lower density of elephants. We found greater investment in physical defense for trees in the floodplain. Furthermore, Acacia sieberiana trees produced less fruit in the floodplain than in the plateau. Contrary to the predictions of the resource availability hypothesis, we found more and longer thorns in populations in the richer floodplains than on the plateau. This was linked to higher elephant browsing pressure in the floodplains. This physical defense was probably induced to cope with the episodic but high levels of herbivory observed in this environment. Surprisingly, the negative influence of thorn number and size on the likelihood of elephant damage was observed only in the rich floodplains and not in plateau sites. Altogether, our study demonstrates that the influence of resource availability (soil moisture, pH, fertility) in shaping plant physical defense can be outweighed by high herbivory pressure.
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Houehanou, D. T., A. S. Yaoitcha, V. Edalo, et al. "Local knowledge of the impact of uncontrolled fires on ecosystem services: A case study in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in Benin (West Africa)." African Journal of Ecology, March 22, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.13146.

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45

E.P.S,, Assédé. "Relationship between stand regime and population structure of Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Meliaceae) and Terminalia macroptera (Combretaceae) in the Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari (Benin, West Africa)." International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 4, no. 12 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ijbc12.028.

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46

Djogbenou, Anyse, Akomian F. Azihou, Anicet G. Dassou, Achille E. Assogbadjo, Barthelemy Kassa, and Orou G. Gaoue. "Limited ant co-occurrence and defensive mutualism in Acacia plants in a West African savanna." AoB PLANTS 13, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plab036.

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Abstract Our understanding of the role of fire and effect of ant species composition, beyond their diversity and abundance, on the effectiveness of mutualism defence is limited. Most of our knowledge of ant–plant defence in tropical Africa is biased towards East African savannas which have richer soil, higher primary productivity and a more diverse arthropods and mammal community than West African savannas. We assessed the diversity of ant species associated with Acacia species in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in the Dahomey Gap, and their impacts on elephant damage. Elephant damage, ant diversity and abundance were measured in stands of five Acacia species. Eleven ant species were identified in the Acacia stands. The composition of these ant communities varied across Acacia species. Pair of ant species co-occurred in only 2 % of sampled trees, suggesting a strong competitive exclusion. Within this annually burnt environment, ants were rare on small trees. The intensity of elephant-caused branch breaking did not vary between trees with ants and trees without ants, suggesting limited Acacia–ant mutualism. Such limited biotic defence may mask strong physical and chemical defence mechanisms of Acacia trees against elephant damage. Ant assemblages in West Africa, unlike those in the more productive East Africa, are particularly species-poor. However, there is a convergence between these two regions in low rate of ant co-occurrence which might indicate strong competitive exclusion. Our study suggests that such low ant species richness while limiting the efficacy of mutualism in controlling mega-herbivore damage may mask a strong defence syndrome.
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