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Journal articles on the topic 'Plotopteridae'

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1

Mayr, Gerald. "Tertiary plotopterids (Aves, Plotopteridae) and a novel hypothesis on the phylogenetic relationships of penguins (Spheniscidae)." Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 43, no. 1 (2005): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2004.00291.x.

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2

Kaiser, Gary, Junya Watanabe, and Marji Johns. "A new member of the family Plotopteridae (Aves) from the late Oligocene of British Columbia, Canada." Palaeontologia Electronica 25, no. 3 (2015): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.26879/563.

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Kaiser, Gary, Watanabe, Junya, Johns, Marji (2015): A new member of the family Plotopteridae (Aves) from the late Oligocene of British Columbia, Canada. Palaeontologia Electronica 25 (3): 1-15, DOI: 10.26879/563, URL: https://doi.org/10.26879/563
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3

Mayr, Gerald, and James L. Goedert. "New late Eocene and Oligocene remains of the flightless, penguin-like plotopterids (Aves, Plotopteridae) from western Washington State, U.S.A." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36, no. 4 (2016): e1163573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2016.1163573.

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4

Ando, Tatsuro, and Keisaku Fukata. "A well-preserved partial scapula from Japan and the reconstruction of the triosseal canal of plotopterids." PeerJ 6 (August 25, 2018): e5391. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5391.

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The discovery of a well-preserved cranial end of a plotopterid scapula from the Early Oligocene Jinnobaru Formation in southwestern Japan has provided a fine example of its bone structure and has enabled the reconstruction of the triosseal canal (canalis triosseus) of the unique extinct penguin-like bird. It is believed that plotopterids performed penguin-like underwater propulsion using wings that were similar to those of penguins. Until this discovery, the lack of well-preserved plotopterid scapulae hindered reconstruction of the canalis triosseus, which is an important structure for the wing-upstroke. We reconstructed a composite model of the canalis triosseus based on the new scapula. The reconstructed size of the canal is as large as that in Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri), suggesting that the bird had a large and powerful m. supracoracoideus, which is the essential muscle for the powered upstroke required for wing-propelled diving. Plotopterids likely have had the same functional requirement as penguins, the powerful wing-upstroke in the water. They must have also been capable swimmers. This scapula accounts for the structural difference between plotopterids and penguins in terms of the canalis triosseus. The large canalis triosseus of plotopterids was composed of the elongated acromion of the scapula, while penguins have a long processus acromialis claviculae for the same function.
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5

Olson, Storrs L., and Yoshikazu Hasegawa. "A new genus and two new species of gigantic Plotopteridae from Japan (Aves: Pelecaniformes)." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16, no. 4 (1996): 742–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1996.10011362.

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6

Mayr, Gerald, and James L. Goedert. "First record of a tarsometatarsus of Tonsala hildegardae (Plotopteridae) and other avian remains from the late Eocene/early Oligocene of Washington State (USA)." Geobios 51, no. 1 (2018): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2017.12.006.

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7

Mayr, Gerald, James L. Goedert, Vanesa L. De Pietri, and R. Paul Scofield. "Comparative osteology of the penguin‐like mid‐Cenozoic Plotopteridae and the earliest true fossil penguins, with comments on the origins of wing‐propelled diving." Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59, no. 1 (2020): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12400.

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8

Smith, N. Adam. "Evolution of body mass in the Pan-Alcidae (Aves, Charadriiformes): the effects of combining neontological and paleontological data." Paleobiology 42, no. 1 (2015): 8–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2015.24.

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AbstractHypotheses regarding the evolution of many clades are often generated in the absence of data from the fossil record and potential biases introduced by exclusion of paleontological data are frequently ignored. With regard to body size evolution, extinct taxa are frequently excluded because of the lack of body mass estimates—making identification of reliable clade specific body mass estimators crucial to evaluating trends on paleontological timescales. Herein, I identify optimal osteological dimensions for estimating body mass in extinct species of Pan-Alcidae (Aves, Charadriiformes) and utilize newly generated estimates of body mass to demonstrate that the combination of neontological and paleontological data produces results that conflict with hypotheses generated when extant species data are analyzed in isolation. The wing-propelled diving Pan-Alcidae are an ideal candidate for comparing estimates of body mass evolution based only on extant taxa with estimates generated including fossils because extinct species diversity (≥31 species) exceeds extant diversity, includes examples from every extant genera, and because phylogenetic hypotheses of pan-alcid relationships are not restricted to the 23 extant species. Phylogenetically contextualized estimation of body mass values for extinct pan-alcids facilitated evaluation of broad scale trends in the evolution of pan-alcid body mass and generated new data bearing on the maximum body mass threshold for aerial flight in wing-propelled divers. The range of body mass in Pan-Alcidae is found to exceed that of all other clades of Charadriiformes (shorebirds and allies) and intraclade body mass variability is recognized as a recurring theme in the evolution of the clade. Finally, comparisons of pan-alcid body mass range with penguins and the extinct †Plotopteridae elucidate potentially shared constraints among phylogenetically disparate yet ecologically similar clades of wing-propelled divers.
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9

Kawabe, Soichiro, Tatsuro Ando, and Hideki Endo. "Enigmatic affinity in the brain morphology between plotopterids and penguins, with a comprehensive comparison among water birds." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 170, no. 3 (2013): 467–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12072.

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Kawabe, Soichiro, Ando, Tatsuro, Endo, Hideki (2014): Enigmatic affinity in the brain morphology between plotopterids and penguins, with a comprehensive comparison among water birds. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 170 (3): 467-493, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12072, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12072
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10

Kawabe, Soichiro, Tatsuro Ando, and Hideki Endo. "Enigmatic affinity in the brain morphology between plotopterids and penguins, with a comprehensive comparison among water birds." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 170, no. 3 (2013): 467–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12072.

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11

Dyke, Gareth J., Xia Wang, and Michael B. Habib. "Fossil Plotopterid Seabirds from the Eo-Oligocene of the Olympic Peninsula (Washington State, USA): Descriptions and Functional Morphology." PLoS ONE 6, no. 10 (2011): e25672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025672.

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12

Mayr, Gerald, James L. Goedert, and Olaf Vogel. "Oligocene plotopterid skulls from western North America and their bearing on the phylogenetic affinities of these penguin-like seabirds." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35, no. 4 (2015): e943764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2014.943764.

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13

Mayr, Gerald, and James L. Goedert. "New late Eocene and Oligocene plotopterid fossils from Washington State (USA), with a revision of “Tonsala” buchanani (Aves, Plotopteridae)." Journal of Paleontology, September 6, 2021, 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2021.81.

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Abstract We report new specimens of the Plotopteridae from Washington State (USA), an area where these flightless seabirds underwent significant diversification during the late Eocene and Oligocene. To date, five plotopterid species from western Washington have been formally named. Specimens previously assigned to Tonsala buchanani Dyke, Wang, and Habib, 2011 belong to at least two, but probably even three, different species. One of these, the large-sized “Whiskey Creek specimen” from late Eocene deposits mapped as the Makah Formation, is the oldest known plotopterid and is here tentatively assigned to ?Klallamornis clarki Mayr and Goedert, 2016. Another specimen originally referred to T. buchanani is also likely to belong to a different species and is among the most substantial records for North American plotopterids. We formally transfer T. buchanani to the taxon Klallamornis and show that the only unambiguously identified specimen of the species—the holotype—is currently poorly diagnosed from Klallamornis abyssa Mayr and Goedert, 2016, which is from coeval strata of the Pysht Formation. Although the holotype of K. abyssa is larger than that of K. buchanani, there remains a possibility that plotopterids were sexually dimorphic in size. We describe the first ungual phalanx of a plotopterid, which is referred to K. buchanani, and report previously unknown elements of the large ?K. clarki and the first records of this species from the Lincoln Creek Formation. Current data indicate that plotopterids originated in the middle or late Eocene on islands off western North America, and we hypothesize that the radiation of these birds in the North Pacific Basin may have been related to the evolution of kelp forests.
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14

Mayr, Gerald, James L. Goedert, and Adrian Richter. "Nearly complete late Eocene skull from the North Pacific elucidates the cranial morphology and affinities of the penguin-like Plotopteridae." Science of Nature 112, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-025-01977-1.

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Abstract The extinct Plotopteridae were penguin-like, wing-propelled diving birds of the North Pacific. Recently, the oldest and most complete plotopterid skull has been discovered in the late Eocene lower part of the Lincoln Creek Formation, southern Olympic Peninsula (Washington State, USA), and informs the poorly known cranial morphology of these birds. This skull is somewhat larger than previously described partial skulls from the Oligocene Pysht Formation of the northern Olympic Peninsula, from which it also differs in the shape of the nostrils. It may represent the genus Klallamornis, but a definitive taxonomic assignment is not yet possible. The specimen corroborates a sister group relationship of plotopterids to the suliform Suloidea and exhibits a notable character mosaic. Whereas the long rostrum most closely resembles that of the Fregatidae and some Phalacrocoracidae, the neurocranium is more similar to that of the Sulidae. An arcuate rostral ridge of the basicranium is otherwise only known from the Sphenisciformes, and a pair of prominent longitudinal ridges along the ventral surface of the rostrum is an autapomorphy of plotopterids. The small nostrils are situated at the caudal ends of conspicuous sulci, which are interpreted as vestiges of long, slit-like nostrils and are much less pronounced in extant Suliformes. Long, slit-like nostrils occur in stem group Sphenisciformes and may also have been present in stem group Fregatidae, in which case the nostrils were reduced twice within Suliformes, presumably to prevent salt water influx into the nasal cavity.
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15

Ohashi, Tomoyuki, and Yoshikazu Hasegawa. "New Species of Plotopteridae (Aves) from the Oligocene Ashiya Group of Northern Kyushu, Japan." Paleontological Research 24, no. 4 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.2517/2020pr005.

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16

Kaiser, GW, J. Watanabe, and MJ Johns. "A new member of the family Plotopteridae (Aves) from the late Oligocene of British Columbia, Canada." Palaeontologia Electronica, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/563.

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17

Mori, Hirotsugu, and Kazunori Miyata. "Early Plotopteridae Specimens (Aves) from the Itanoura and Kakinoura Formations (Latest Eocene to Early Oligocene), Saikai, Nagasaki Prefecture, Western Japan." Paleontological Research 25, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.2517/2020pr018.

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18

"Enigmatic affinity in the brain morphology between plotopterids and penguins, with a comprehensive comparison among water birds." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, March 12, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj12072.

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