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Vaníček, Jiří. "Introducing topics from informatics into primary school curricula : how do teachers take it?" Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6448/.
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The process of introducing compulsory ICT education at primary school level in the Czech Republic should be completed next year. Programming and Information, two topics from the basics of computer science have been included in a new textbook. The question is whether the new chapters of the textbook are comprehensible for primary school teachers, who have undergone no training in computer science. The paper reports on a pilot verification project in which pre-service primary school teachers were trained to teach these informatics topics.
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Gujberová, Monika, and Peter Tomcsányi. "Environments for programming in primary education." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6449/.
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The aim of our article is to collect and present information about contemporary programming environments that are suitable for primary education. We studied the ways they implement (or do not implement) some programming concepts, the ways programs are represented and built in order to support young and novice programmers, as well as their suitability to allow different forms of sharing the results of pupils’ work. We present not only a short description of each considered environment and the taxonomy in the form of a table, but also our understanding and opinions on how and why the environments implement the same concepts and ideas in different ways and which concepts and ideas seem to be important to the creators of such environments.
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Savkov, Aleksandar Dimitrov. "Deciphering clinical text : concept recognition in primary care text notes." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68232/.
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Electronic patient records, containing data about the health and care of a patient, are a valuable source of information for longitudinal clinical studies. The General Practice Research Database (GPRD) has collected patient records from UK primary care practices since the late 1980s. These records contain both structured data (in the form of codes and numeric values) and free text notes. While the structured data have been used extensively in clinical studies, there are significant practical obstacles in extracting information from the free text notes. The main obstacles are data access restrictions, due to the presence of sensitive information, and the specific language of medical practitioners, which renders standard language processing tools ineffective. The aim of this research is to investigate approaches for computer analysis of free text notes. The research involved designing a primary care text corpus (the Harvey Corpus) annotated with syntactic chunks and clinically-relevant semantic entities, developing a statistical chunking model, and devising a novel method for applying machine learning for entity recognition based on chunk annotation. The tools produced would facilitate reliable information extraction from primary care patient records, needed for the development of clinically-related research. The three medical concept types targeted in this thesis could contribute to epidemiological studies by enhancing the detection of co-morbidities, and better analysing the descriptions of patient experiences and treatments. The main contributions of the research reported in this thesis are: guidelines for chunk and concept annotation of clinical text, an approach to maximising agreement between human annotators, the Harvey Corpus, a method for using a standard part-of-speech tagging model in clinical text chunking, and a novel approach to recognising clinically relevant medical concepts.
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Petersson, Håkan. "On information quality in primary health care registries /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/tek805s.pdf.
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Brown, Benjamin. "Harnessing opportunities for quality improvement from primary care electronic health records." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/harnessing-opportunities-for-quality-improvement-from-primary-care-electronic-health-records(eb5b7680-bd97-4a4b-9d5f-3b8a10ad5ae9).html.
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Background: UK primary care accounts for 90% of patient contacts in the NHS, and over 300 million consultations every year. Consequently, when primary is suboptimal it has important impacts on population health. At the same time, virtually all general practices use electronic health records (EHR) to capture patient data. Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems use it to highlight when individual patients do not receive care consistent with clinical guidelines, though ignore the wider population. Electronic Audit and Feedback (e-A&F) systems address the wider population, but their results are difficult to interpret. EHR data has the richness to suggest ways in which care quality could be improved, though this is currently not exploited. The aim of this thesis was to make progress towards better use of primary care EHR data for the purposes of quality improvement (QI) by focusing on e-A&F as a vehicle. Research Objectives were: 1) Develop a model and recommendations to guide EHR data analysis and its communication to health professionals; 2) Use these models and recommendations to develop a system for UK primary care; 3) Implement and evaluate the system to test the models and recommendations, and derive generalisable knowledge. Methods: The overall approach of this thesis was informed by guidance from the Medical Research Council on the development of complex interventions, and Boyrcki et al.’s evidence-based framework for the development of health information technologies (Chapter 2). Theory was first identified through a critical examination of the empirical and theoretical literature regarding CDS and e-A&F systems (Chapter 3), then built upon in a systematic literature search and metasynthesis of qualitative studies of A&F (and e-A&F) interventions (Chapter 4). This resulted in the development a new theory of A&F (Clinical Performance Feedback Intervention Theory; CP-FIT), which was used to inform the development of an e-A&F system for UK primary care – the Performance Improvement plaN GeneratoR (PINGR; version 1). PINGR was then iteratively optimised through a series of three empirical studies. First, its usability was evaluated by software experts using Heuristic Evaluation and Cognitive Walkthrough methodologies (Chapter 5). GPs then performed structured tasks using the system in a laboratory whilst their on-screen interactions and eye movements were recorded (Chapter 6). Finally, PINGR was implemented in 15 GP practices, and CP-FIT used to guide the mixed methods evaluation including examinations of usage records, and interviews with 38 health professionals. Results: There are both empirical and theoretical arguments for combining features from CDS and e-A&F systems to increase their effectiveness; a key recommendation is that e-A&F systems should suggest clinical actions to health professionals (Chapter 3). This is supported by CP-FIT, which has three core propositions: 1) A&F interventions exert their effects through health professionals taking action; 2) Health care organisations have limited capacity to engage with A&F; and 3) Health care professionals and organisations have a strong set of beliefs and behaviours regarding how they provide patient care (Chapter 4). Based on these findings, the unique feature of PINGR is that it suggests improvement actions to users based on EHR data analysis (‘decision-supported feedback’). Key findings from PINGR’s usability evaluation with software experts translated into a set of design guidelines for e-A&F interfaces regarding: summarising clinical performance, patient lists, patient-level information, and suggested actions (Chapter 5). When tested with GPs, these guidelines were found to impact: user engagement; actionability; and information prioritisation (Chapter 6). Following its implementation in practice, PINGR was used on 227 occasions to facilitate the care of 725 patients. These patients were 1.8 (95% CI 1.6-1.9) times more likely to receive improved care according to at least one clinical guideline. Barriers and facilitators to its success included: the resources available to use it; its perceived relative advantages; how compatible it was with pre-existing beliefs and ways of working; the credibility of its data; the complexity of the clinical problems it highlighted; and the ability to act on its recommendations (Chapter 7). Conclusion: It is both feasible and acceptable to health professionals to make better use of EHR data for QI by enabling e-A&F systems to suggest actions for them to take. When designing e-A&F interfaces, attention should be paid to how they summarise clinical performance, and present patient lists and detailed patient-level information. Implementation of e-A&F interventions is influenced by availability of resources, compatibility with existing workflows, and ability to take action based on their feedback results. Unresolved tensions exist regarding how they may deal with patient complexity. Policymakers should consider the relevance of these findings for National Clinical Audits and pay-for-performance initiatives.
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O'Neill, Braden Gregory. "Examining the role of health literacy in online health information." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e2bff1e7-f377-4ce2-ad2f-b2d563d378a6.
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The internet has radically changed the way people obtain and interact with information about diseases, treatments, and conditions. Yet, our understanding of how people access and use health information to make decisions- in other words, their health literacy- has not progressed. The overall aim of this thesis is to assess the extent to which health literacy is a valid and useful construct for policy and practice related to online health resources. A mixed-methods research programme of five studies was undertaken, influenced by realist evaluation methodology. First, to ascertain engagement with user-generated online health content (UGC) in the UK, analysis of a large European survey was undertaken. Then, the uncertainty regarding the relationship between health literacy and outcomes was addressed by a systematic review and qualitative analysis of health literacy measures. Results of these two studies informed interviews carried out with 13 'key informants': policymakers and primary care clinicians in the UK with a particular interest in health literacy and/or online information. A systematic review, incorporating a traditional narrative review and a realist review, evaluated existing trials addressing how effects of online resources vary by health literacy level. Finally, data were analysed from a feasibility randomized controlled trial, comparing usage and outcomes of accessing a 'personal experiences'-based asthma website (representing curated user-generated content) versus a 'facts and figures'-based website. Participant health literacy was assessed using an index identified from the systematic review of measures, and website usage was tracked. Approximately 25% of UK internet users engage with UGC at least monthly. The most frequent users were younger, more likely to be male, and to be carers for someone with a long-term illness. Three themes were identified from health literacy measurement: 'appropriate health decisions', 'ability to obtain healthcare services', and 'confidence'. Key informants noted the lack of clarity about how health literacy influences outcomes, and suggested that personal preferences and digital access and skills may be more relevant than health literacy for policy and practice. Existing trials of online resources in which participant health literacy was measured were mostly at high risk of bias; some possible explanations of how these interventions should work in people with low health literacy were that they may experience higher data entry burden related to chronic diseases, and that they may prefer simulated face-to-face communication. Finally, there were no differences between health literacy groups in the feasibility trial regarding usage or outcomes related to either the 'facts and figures' or 'personal experiences' websites. Taken together, these results question the validity and appropriateness of health literacy as a key objective or consideration in the development or use of online resources. While health literacy has value as a general idea, this thesis demonstrates that it may no longer be the right construct to guide intervention development and implementation to improve health outcomes.
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Rimšelienė, Rita. "E.mokymosi elementų diegimas pradiniame ugdyme." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110902_091206-69585.
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Darbe nagrinėjamas e.mokymosi elementų diegimas pradiniame ugdyme, pristatomas mišraus mokymosi modelis jaunesniojo amžiaus mokiniams. Pirmajame darbo skyriuje aptariama e.mokymosi bei mišraus mokymosi modelio samprata, analizuojama e.mokymosi priemonių pasiūla pradiniam ugdymui. Antrasis darbo skyrius skirtas tiriamajai veiklai apie e.mokymosi situaciją pradiniame ugdyme. Pateikiamos išvados bei rekomendacijos. Trečiajame skyriuje aprašoma projektinė dalis. Pristatomas suprojektuotas mišraus mokymosi aplinkos modelis pradinių klasių mokiniams, realizuota sąsaja tarp Impresio eJournal ir VMA Moodle. Tradicinėse pamokose naudojama elektroninė mokomoji medžiaga patalpinta eJournal aplinkoje, o savarankiškam mokinių mokymuisi pasirinkta VMA Moodle, nes ji yra atviro kodo plačiai taikoma Lietuvos švietimo įstaigose. Pristatomos schemos, diagramos, naudota programinė įranga e.mokymosi medžiagos rengimui. Paskutinė darbo dalis skirta mišraus mokymosi aplinkos vertinimui. Testavimo rezultatai parodė, jog aplinka pradinių klasių mokiniams suprojektuota tikslingai panaudojant e.mokymosi elementus, yra poreikis ją nuolat atnaujinti gerinant ugdymo kokybę.<br>This paper considers the implementation of elements of e-learning in primary education and introduces the model of blended learning for younger age of the students. The first chapter deals with the model concept of e-learning and blended learning, and with the analysis of e-learning tools’ supply for primary education. The second chapter covers the work of the research activity of the situation of e-learning in primary education. This chapter also involves conclusions and recommendations. The third chapter describes the designed part. It is introduced designed model of blended learning environment that is used for the students of primary education, also it is implemented an interface between Impresio eJournal and virtual learning environment Moodle. The e-learning material, which is used in traditional class, is hosted in eJournal environment, and it is chosen virtual learning environment Moodle for students’ self-learning because Moodle is open source system that is used widely in the educational institutions of Lithuania. This chapter also introduces charts and diagrams, and the software that is used for the preparation of the material. The last part is devoted to an assessment of the blended learning environment. The testing results showed that the environment is designed for the students’ of primary education by using the elements of e-learning purposeful, and also there is a need to upgrade it constantly in order to improve the quality of education.
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Liang, Liang. "Managing innovation networks : a case of information system transformation in Chinese hospitals." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41967/.
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The importance of innovation networks in health information system transformation has been recognised in research. It has been agreed that better-organised innovation networks can be related to better results of patient information system transformation. However, current research do not know much about how those innovation networks are organised, especially the structure of teamwork and information exchange in innovation networks. Thus, this study aims to improve the understanding about how innovation networks are organised and the influences on innovation results. Based on innovation network theory, this study develops and integrates three aspects, network dynamics, network structure and network influence, to explore innovation networks in patient information system transformation. Network dynamics represent complex interactions among people in the process of innovation; network structures show each person's roles and connections in the network; and and network influences link network structures to patient information system upgrade outcomes. Following this theoretical framework, this study answers three research questions: 1) what are the network patterns appearing frequently in network dynamics? 2) What are the patterns of the network structures? 3) To what extent innovation networks can influence the innovation outcomes? The data are collected form four patient record transformation projects in China. This study adopts network analysis method to demonstrate the fabrics of collaborations among the participants in innovation and quantify the regular network patterns and structures. Then, this study uses network regression modelling to explore the relations between innovation networks and innovation outcomes. This study contributes to innovation network research and by presenting 1) the patterns of innovation network dynamics. It demonstrates various patterns of innovation networks in each innovation stages; 2) the innovation network structures. This study identifies five types of brokers and two structures co-existing in the innovation network; 3) network influence. This study suggests that network structures significantly influence the outcomes.
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Sampaio, Camila Santana Justo Cintra. "Otimização do e-SUS para profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-29112017-193221/.
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A Atenção Primária à Saúde é reconhecida como base para um sistema de informação em saúde (SIS) eficiente, razão pela qual justifica-se a importância de reestruturação a fim de atender os novos conceitos tecnológicos de integração das informações e interoperabilidade entre os SIS. Tal relevância resultou na Estratégia e-SUS AB composta: pelo Sistema de Informação em Saúde para Atenção Básica (SISAB); e pelo e-SUS AB. Dessa maneira, passou a ser o SIS vigente para fins de financiamento e de adesão aos programas de estratégias da Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. A pluralidade dos cenários de informatização e conectividade resultou na disponibilização de dois sistemas de software - Coleta de Dados Simplificada (CDS) e Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão -, responsáveis por alimentar o SISAB. Relatos de usuários do e-SUS AB identificaram falhas na capacitação e dificuldades para sanar dúvidas, reforçando a importância de uma educação permanente para qualificar as práticas em saúde, além da imprescindibilidade de olhar para as possíveis lacunas nos sistemas próprios. Este estudo teve como objetivos: elaborar um protótipo com oportunidades de melhorias para o módulo CDS do e-SUS AB, integrado no sistema proprietário utilizado no local da pesquisa; e desenvolver e avaliar um manual web, elaborado a partir de um diagnóstico de dúvidas e dificuldades dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS). Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, na modalidade pesquisa-ação. A população amostral foi constituída pelos ACS alocados em seis Núcleos da Saúde da Família do distrito Oeste do município de Ribeirão Preto e por especialistas de informática, que aceitaram participar da pesquisa por meio da assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante observação das atividades do ACS utilizando o sistema e-SUS AB, módulo CDS, além de entrevistas não estruturadas. Para o desenvolvimento do protótipo foi utilizado o programa AXURE RP Pro 7.0, que gera protótipos interativos e para o desenvolvimento do manual web foi utilizado linguagem de marcação interpretada por navegadores. Tanto o protótipo quanto o manual web e-SUS foram avaliados por meio de aplicação de questionário. Os resultados evidenciam a importância de conhecer os aspectos relacionados ao modo de trabalho, ou de comportamento, que possam influenciar na qualidade final dos dados inseridos nos SIS. Da mesma maneira, visam a obter insumos para a definição dos requisitos e metas de usabilidade, a fim de atender os diferentes papéis-de-usuário identificados e, ainda, reforça a relevância de olhar para os sistemas próprios, adquiridos no mercado privado ou desenvolvidos no município. A aproximação entre o pesquisador e as pessoas implicadas na situação investigada proporcionou detectar lacunas entre os componentes indispensáveis para efetivar as ações que objetivam a consolidação da informatização em saúde e, sobretudo, delinear potenciais soluções para os problemas apontados<br>Primary Health Care is recognized as the basis for an efficient health information system, highlighting the importance of restructuring in order to meet the new technological concepts of information integration and interoperability among SIS. This action resulted in the e-SUS AB Strategy composed by the Health Information System for Basic Care (SISAB) and e-SUS AB and became the current health information system for funding and adherence to National Policy strategies programs of Basic Attention. The plurality of computerization and connectivity scenarios resulted in the availability of two software systems: Simplified Data Collection (CDS) and Electronic Health Record, responsible for feeding SISAB. Reports from users of e-SUS AB identified deficiencies in training and difficulties to resolve doubts, reinforcing the importance of a permanent education to qualify health practices beyond the importance of looking at possible gaps in the systems themselves. The purpose of this study was to develop a prototype with improvement opportunities for the CDS module of e-SUS AB, integrated in the proprietary system used at the research site, and to develop and evaluate a web manual, based on a diagnosis of doubts and difficulties of community health agents (ACS). This is an applied research, with a qualitative approach, in the research-action modality. The sample population consisted of the ACS assigned to six Family Health Centers of the western district of the city of Ribeirão Preto and by computer specialists, who agreed to participate in the study through the signing of the Informed Consent Term. Data collection was based on the observation of ACS activities using the e-SUS AB system, CDS module, in addition to unstructured interviews. For the prototype development, the AXURE RP Pro 7.0 program was used, which generates interactive prototypes and for the web manual development, it was used marking language interpreted by browsers. Both the prototype and the e-SUS web manual were evaluated through a questionnaire application. The results show the importance of knowing the aspects related to the way of work, or behavior, that can influence the final quality of the data inserted in the health information system as well as to obtain inputs for the definition of usability requirements and goals, in order to meet the different Identified user roles. Also reinforces the importance of looking at the own systems, acquired in the private market or developed in the municipality. The approximation between the researcher and the people involved in the investigated situation revealed gaps between the indispensable components to carry out the actions that aim at the consolidation of the informatization in health and the delineation of potential solutions to the mentioned problems
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Pilz, Carlos. "Desafios e propostas para a informatização da Atenção Primária no Brasil na perspectiva do prontuário eletrônico do e-SUSAB." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/148252.
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As evidências têm demonstrado que a incorporação de ferramentas de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) potencializam a comunicação entre os diversos serviços e níveis de atenção à saúde. Além disso, a incorporação de internet e computador nos serviços de saúde pode aumentar sua eficiência e sua eficácia. O Brasil recentemente implantou um novo Sistema de Informação em Saúde da Atenção Básica (SISAB), sendo o e-SUS AB sua principal estratégia de operacionalização. Oferece, para os municípios que possuem Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) informatizadas, um software público denominado Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC). Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar o cenário de informatização da APS brasileira para implantação do Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC) do e-SUS AB. O primeiro manuscrito apresenta dados a respeito da presença e distribuição de equipamentos de TIC para a prática clínica de APS através da análise dos dados do segundo ciclo do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ). Apresenta ainda proposta de uma classificação das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) segundo seu grau de informatização para implantação do PEC. Os resultados mostram uma situação preocupante no que tange a difusão de equipamentos de TIC no âmbito da APS no Brasil, sendo que das 24.054 UBS participantes do 2º ciclo do PMAQ, 2.042, (8,49%) podem ser consideradas informatizadas, 4.055 (16,86%) parcialmente informatizadas e 17.957 (74,65%) não informatizadas. O percentual de consultórios informatizados por categoria profissional é: 11,8% no consultório do médico, 18,5% no consultório de enfermagem e 10% para o caso dos cirurgiões-dentistas. Os dados mostram que investimentos em políticas de informatização dos serviços de APS precisam ser realizados. O segundo manuscrito apresenta dados sobre a implantação de PEC por UBS do Rio Grande do Sul e tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre a implantação do Prontuário Eletrônico do e-SUS AB e a participação em atividades de apoio promovidas por um Núcleo de Telessaúde junto às equipes de APS do RS. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo coorte retrospectiva. As intervenções realizadas pelo TelessaúdeRS/UFRGS compreendiam uma dimensão pedagógica (treinamento em serviço, workshops e webpalestras) e uma dimensão de suporte (teleconsultorias). A população foi composta pelas 1.894 UBS que realizaram o envio de dados para o SISAB no período de setembro a novembro de 2015. Desse total, 952 contaram com atividades de apoio do TelessaúdeRS/UFRGS enquanto 942 não receberam. Os resultados mostram que o apoio é efetivo já que 86,1% das UBS que utilizam PEC, participaram de atividades desenvolvidas pelo núcleo. A abordagem multidimensional, pedagógica + suporte, mostrou melhores efeitos que a unidimensional (somente pedagógica, com treinamento): 70,1% dos municípios que participaram da combinação treinamento e teleconsultoria passaram a utilizar o prontuário. Na análise dos tipos de treinamentos ofertados, a modalidade treinamento em serviço produziu melhores efeitos, na medida em que 88,1% das UBS participantes utilizaram o PEC.<br>Evidence suggests that the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) supports the communication between health care services in different levels. In addition, the adoption of internet and computers by health services may increase its efficiency and efficacy. Brazil recently adopted a new Primary Health Care (PHC) Information System (SISAB) in which e-SUS AB represents the main operationalization strategy. It offers a public software named Electronic Patient Record (PEC). The objective of this Thesis was to identify the computerization scenario of Brazil’s PHC in order to allow implementation e-SUS AB’s PEC. The first manuscript presents data in respect to presence and distribution of ICT in PHC clinical practices using data from the Brazilian Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality of PHC (PMAQ). It also presents data of a classification of primary care services according to their degree of computerization for PEC implementation. Results showed that, out of 24,054 PHC services analyzed, 2,042 (8.49%) were computerized, 4,055 (16.86%) were partially computerized and 17,957 (74.65%) weren’t computerized. The percentage of computerized office by professional category was: 11.8% in physician’s office, 18.5% in nurse’s and 10% in dentist’s office. Data shows that additional investments are needed to advance the computerization of PHC services. The second manuscript presents data in respect to the implementation of PEC by PHC services in Rio Grande do Sul State. The objective is to evaluate the association between the implementation of e-SUS AB and the participation in support activities promoted by TelessaúdeRS. This is a retrospective cohort. Support provided by TelessaúdeRS comprised a pedagogic (in service training, workshops and webconferences) and a supportive dimension (teleconsultancy). The population comprised 1,894 PHC that sent data to SISAB between September and November 2015. Of these, 952 received support from TelessaúdeRS. Results revealed that support is effective, as 86.1% of the PHC that used PEC received support. The pedagogic+supportive approach lead to better results when compared with the single approach, with 70.1% of the cities that received it implementing PEC. When the type of support was analyzed, in service training revealed resulted in better performance, with 88.1% of the primary care services utilizing PEC.
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Cortizo, Carlos Tato. "Sistemas de informática e informação da atenção básica do Sistema Único de Saúde e o software livre: possibilidades e perspectivas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-24102008-171441/.
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Introdução: A Atenção Básica do Sistema Único de Saúde SUS é definida pelo Ministério da Saúde como um conjunto de ações e serviços de saúde no âmbito individual e coletivo, desenvolvidos com práticas gerenciais, sanitárias e sociais participativas, através de ações complexas nos cuidados e atenção à saúde da população do seu território e fundamentada nos princípios da universalidade, integralidade e da eqüidade. Os sistemas de informática em saúde da atenção básica são tecnologias estratégicas na gestão e governança sobre a situação de saúde da população em cada nível de responsabilidade sanitária. O cerne de funcionamento dos sistemas de informática é o software. A literatura pesquisada relata que os softwares dos sistemas de informática em saúde apresentam vários aspectos: inflexibilidade para mudanças, altos custos, baixa eficácia, são frágeis em relação à segurança e a privacidade, não adotam padrões tecnológicos e de saúde, apresentam dificuldades na escalabilidade, são refratários a adaptações às culturas e línguas locais e induzem ao aprisionamento tecnológico dos sistemas de informação em saúde. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi o de identificar e analisar quais são as contribuições e limitações do software livre para os sistemas de informática e informação na atenção básica do SUS. Metodologia: Estudo de caso exploratório e qualitativo, comparando dois municípios que utilizam software livre e software privativo nos sistemas de atenção básica do SUS, a partir de critérios obtidos na literatura pesquisada. Resultados: A utilização de software livre nos sistemas de atenção básica do SUS de Campinas e São Paulo apresentou limites nos seguintes tópicos, utilizados como critérios de análise: educação, segurança, privacidade e padrões abertos. A utilização do software livre demonstrou vantagens para os municípios estudados nos seguintes tópicos: custos, escalabilidade, autonomia tecnológica, adaptação do software ao idioma e à cultura local, estabilidade e impacto na qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: O software livre é uma alternativa tecnológica viável, robusta e flexível e oferece novas perspectivas para a construção de sistemas de informática e informação da Atenção Básica em saúde<br>The Primary Health Care of the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) is defined by the Health Ministry as a set of actions and services in the individual and collective scopes developed through managerial sanitary and social participative practices by means of complex actions in the attention and care of thee health of the population within their territory based on the principles of universality, integrality and equity . The health informatics system of the basic attention are strategic tools of management and managery of the health status of the population at each level of sanitary responsibility. The core of operation of the informatics system is the software .The researched literature reports the health and informatics system software to present inflexibility for change, high cost and low efficacy, fragility concerning privacy and safety, lack of technological and health patterns and difficulties in scalability . The software is also depicted as being refractory to local languages and cultures, and to induce technological trap of the health informatics systems. Within this context the aim of the study was the identification and analysis of the contributions and limitations of free software for the informatics and information systems of the primary health of SUS. METODOLOGY: Exploratory qualitative study comparing two municipalities making use of free software and private software in their SUS primary health system based on the criteria obtained from the literary review. RESULTS: The use of free software in the basic attention of the SUS of Campinas and São Paulo presents limitations in the following topics used as analysis criteria: education, safety, privacy and open patterns. The use of free software proved advantageous for the surveyed municipalities in the following topics: costs, scalability, technologic autonomy, stability, adaptation of the software to the local language and culture and impact on the quality of health services. CONCLUSION: Free software is a viable, robust and flexible technological alternative that offers new perspectives for th construction of information and informatics systems of the primary health care.
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Agiorgitis, Georgios. "ICTs use in the public Greek Primary Schools: the teachers' experiences." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-68717.
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Education is a sector that has the potential to become a critical area of action for the full exploitation of ICT. Educational systems of developed and developing countries have an ever-increasing tendency to apply ICT to education, in an attempt to prepare their students for the future's society. This thesis attempted to explore what kind of ICT is used in the Greek Primary Schools and develop an understanding on the relationship between the ICT and the teachers. The philosophical background is post-phenomenology and the methods chosen for collecting data for this research are policy document analysis and interviews. The empirical findings show that various ICT are being used in the classrooms of the Greek Primary Schools, others widely and others occasionally. The research compares the legal framework revolving around ICT in Primary Schools in Greece, with the teachers' own experiences and shows that the guidelines suggested by the Greek Ministry of Education cannot be followed easily, due to economical and pedagogical reasons. It also investigates the ICT's effects on the teachers and the students through the teachers' own words and perceptions. The effects are mostly positive, there are mentioned however, some negative ones to take into consideration. Finally, the research presents a number of sectors where the participant teachers suggested there is room for improvement. By comparing the legal framework with the situation in the Primary Schools, this research adds a new perspective to the previous literature. The findings show that the current situation can be improved and the teachers' statements may trigger further research.
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Braga, Renata Dutra. "Registro eletrônico em saúde: proposta de um modelo de informação para uso na atenção primária com vistas à interoperabilidade." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3870.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-14<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>There are various health information systems in use in the country, which serve different purposes, but are not interoperable. To ensure interoperability in the development of a model that serves different health professions was held this research, which aimed to define a conceptual model for the registration of health information in primary care. Methods: This action research with analytical approach was held in conjunction with a panel of experts to represent the health professions recognized by the National Health Council (CNS), which through discussion meetings identified and systematized essential information needed to evaluate the overall health of individual, in the context of multidisciplinary primary care demands generating a preliminary model. This model was validated by Delphi method and a consensus model was proposed. Results: The conceptual model to health information registration obtained goes beyond the demands of administration, since its focus is the individual - source of all the information that generates health demands. The central structure of the information registry model comprised four groups of information, which were called pillars: Data Gathering, Diagnosis, Care Plan and Evaluation. Each of these pillars presented subgroups important to the different professions, whose complexity limit of detail of information stood on the complexity of primary health care. Conclusion: This study represents a joint effort to establish an architecture of essential information for creating an electronic record in interoperable and necessary to meet the individual's health in primary care.<br>Há vários sistemas de informação em saúde em uso no país, que servem a propósitos distintos, contudo não são interoperáveis. Para assegurar a interoperabilidade na elaboração de um modelo que atende diferentes profissões de saúde realizou-se esta pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi definir um modelo conceitual para o registro da informação em saúde na atenção primária. Métodos: Esta pesquisa-ação, com abordagem analítica, foi realizada em conjunto com um painel de profissionais que, por meio de reuniões de discussão identificou e sistematizou informações essenciais para a avaliação da saúde geral do indivíduo, no contexto das demandas multiprofissionais da atenção primária, gerando um modelo preliminar. Esse modelo foi validado pelo método Delphi e um modelo consensual foi proposto. Resultados: O modelo conceitual de registro da informação em saúde obtido extrapola as demandas da gestão administrativa, visto que o seu foco foi o indivíduo – fonte de todas as informações que geram as demandas em saúde. A estrutura central do modelo compreendeu quatro grupos de informações, denominados de pilares: Coleta de Dados, Diagnóstico, Plano de Cuidados e Avaliação. Cada um desses pilares apresentaram subgrupos importantes para as diferentes profissões, cujo limite de complexidade e detalhamento da informação situou-se na atenção primária em saúde. Conclusão: Este estudo representa um esforço conjunto para o estabelecimento de uma arquitetura de informações essenciais para a criação de um registro eletrônico em saúde interoperável e necessárias para o atendimento do indivíduo na atenção primária.
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Pickering, William Roy. "Improved pharmaceutical information exchange with developing countries." Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260314.
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Cetinkaya, Yalcin. "Information And Communication Technology Education In Primary Schools: Students." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610180/index.pdf.
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This study aimed to provide a general picture of ICT education in primary schools. Through this aim, students&rsquo<br>perceived ICT competencies, their attitudes towards the ICT course, the characteristics of the teaching-learning process in the ICT course, the deficiencies of the IT classrooms and the effectiveness of the ICT Student Workbook were analyzed. This study was designed as a cross-sectional survey study. In order to collect the data, a self-reported questionnaire consisted of 63 items was developed by the researcher. The sample consisted of 442 Grade 8 students in 11 primary schools located in the metropolitan area of Izmit. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized to analyze the data. Multivariate Analysis of Variances with Pillai&rsquo<br>s Trace test was employed to investigate whether the significant differences among dependent variables across independent variables existed.
Results of the study indicated that primary school students generally perceived themselves competent in ICT tasks and they had favorable attitudes towards the ICT
course. Significant differences were found in students&rsquo<br>perceived ICT competencies and attitudes with respect to gender, educational background of parents, computer ownership and availability of home assistance related to the ICT course. This study also revealed several obstacles which prevent taking full benefits of IT classrooms, and problems with the implementation of the new ICT program.
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Boucher, Duane Eric. "An information privacy model for primary health care facilities." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007181.
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The revolutionary migration within the health care sector towards the digitisation of medical records for convenience or compliance touches on many concerns with respect to ensuring the security of patient personally identifiable information (PII). Foremost of these is that a patient’s right to privacy is not violated. To this end, it is necessary that health care practitioners have a clear understanding of the various constructs of privacy in order to ensure privacy compliance is maintained. This research project focuses on an investigation of privacy from a multidisciplinary philosophical perspective to highlight the constructs of information privacy. These constructs together with a discussion focused on the confidentiality and accessibility of medical records results in the development of an artefact represented in the format of a model. The formulation of the model is accomplished by making use of the Design Science research guidelines for artefact development. Part of the process required that the artefact be refined through the use of an Expert Review Process. This involved an iterative (three phase) process which required (seven) experts from the fields of privacy, information security, and health care to respond to semi-structured questions administered with an interview guide. The data analysis process utilised the ISO/IEC 29100:2011(E) standard on privacy as a means to assign thematic codes to the responses, which were then analysed. The proposed information privacy model was discussed in relation to the compliance requirements of the South African Protection of Personal Information (PoPI) Bill of 2009 and their application in a primary health care facility. The proposed information privacy model provides a holistic view of privacy management that can residually be used to increase awareness associated with the compliance requirements of using patient PII.
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Safa, Nehme. "Information technology as a tool for teaching primary mathematics." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31008.
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In this paper, the researcher describes the attitudes and opinions of a sample of primary Math teachers in Lebanon towards using technology as a tool for teaching math, investigates the importance of integrating technology into Math curriculum in terms of learning theories, and presents an exemplary integrated math lesson plan prepared by the surveyed math teachers. In particular, he discusses the learning theories underpinning integration strategies; explaining how each strategy addresses classroom needs, and how each suggests a way to integrate technology resources. 35 primary math teachers are selected on a random basis from a cluster population. The teachers are selected in a way that represents different primary grades (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7), different school systems, different socioeconomic areas, and geographic locations. The researcher prepares and justifies the use of a survey as an appropriate method for studying the above educational issue. Three methods of collecting data were used: documentary sources, observation, interviewing and mail questionnaires. On analzying the results, two findings emerged. First, the main use of the educational technological tools is to enhance higher order thinking skills. Upper and middle teachers rate the use of the educational technological tools to enhance higher order thinking skills higher than do the lower grade teachers. Second the use of the educational technological tools to enhance basic skills was less frequent. Lower grade teachers report using the educational technological tools for this purpose significantly more than do teachers in the middle and upper grades. The researcher refers the main use of the educational technological tools to foster higher order thinking skills to a growth in various social psychosocial and cognitive skills. The factors that contribute to these outcomes are identified: the software's instructional design and cooperation and collaboration among students. Finally, implications and recommendations for education are presented along with suggestions for further research.
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Stålsby, Lundborg Cecilia. "Information and interaction influencing drug prescribing in Swedish primary care /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3470-3/.
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Mak, Yuen-ki Vinci. "Implementation of information and communication technology in primary English reading." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39848826.
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Chan, Man-yi Helen, and 陳敏儀. "Information skills: a comparision of ESF and local primary schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27737809.
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Mak, Yuen-ki Vinci, and 麥婉琪. "Implementation of information and communication technology in primary English reading." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39848826.
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Hepburn, Robert Cameron. "Environmental epidemiology in primary care using a geographic information system." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268876.
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Lundh, Anna. "Doing research in primary school : information activities in project-based learning." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3593.
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<p>Academic dissertaion for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Library and Information Science at the University of Gothenburg and the University of Borås to be publicly defended on Friday 21 October 2011 at 13.15 in lecture room M402, University of Borås, Allégatan 1, Borås</p>
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Reid, Jr Marvin Leon. "Adoption of Electronic Health Record Systems Within Primary Care Practices." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2228.
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Primary care physicians (PCPPs) have been slow to implement electronic health records (EHRs), even though there is a U.S. federal requirement to implement EHRs. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to determine why PCPPs have been slow to adopt electronic health record (EHR) systems despite the potential to increase efficiency and quality of health care. The complex adaptive systems theory (CAS) served as the conceptual framework for this study. Twenty-six PCPPs were interviewed from primary care practices (PCPs) based in southwestern Ohio. The data were collected through a semistructured interview format and analyzed using a modified van Kaam method. Several themes emerged as barriers to EHR implementation, including staff training on the new EHR system, the decrease in productivity experienced by primary care practice (PCP) staff adapting to the new EHR system, and system usability and technical support after adoption. The findings may contribute to the body of knowledge regarding EHR system implementation and assist healthcare providers who are slow to adopt EHRs. Additionally, findings could contribute to social change by reducing healthcare costs, increasing patient access to care, and improving the efficacy of patient diagnosis and treatment.
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Otoo, Samuel O. "Successful Strategies for Implementing Health Information Technology in Primary Care Practice." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7949.
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Health information technology (HIT) owner-practitioners who adopt effective strategies for HIT implementation can improve primary facility care delivery and profitability. However, some HIT owner-practitioners have ineffective implementation strategies, so they have not realized the total revenue increases of more than 8%. Grounded in general systems theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore successful strategies primary care practitioners (PCPs) use to implement HIT to improve primary facility care delivery and profitability. The participants included 6 owner-practitioners located in Queens County, NY, who successfully implemented HIT to improve facility care delivery and profitability. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and a review of relevant practice documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, yielding 3 themes: HIT education and training, costs of transitioning to HIT, and focusing on expected benefits of successful HIT implementation. By providing information on effective HIT strategies, the findings from this study could impact social change because PCPs may rely on faster and more accurate health information data to offer better diagnoses and enhance treatments for patients.
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Walden, Rachel R. "Finding and Evaluating Evidence for Primary Care." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8829.
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Objectives: (1) Make use of freely available evidence-based resources and tools to inform primary care (2) Conduct better PubMed Searches for evidence to support primary care and evaluate relevant results based on principles of evidence-based medicine
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Brewer, Rhett. "Paint, painters and primary perception." View thesis, 1996. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030903.175546/index.html.
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Nassali, Musoke Maria G. "Health information access and use in rural Uganda : an interaction-value model." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14829/.
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The study investigated the accessibility and use of health information within the lower echelons of Primary Health Care service delivery. Hence, it focused on women and health workers' experiences with information in rural Uganda. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using an interview schedule that consisted of open questions and one relating to health information critical incidents. The qualitative interviews added depth, detail and meaning at a very personal level of experience. A holistic inductive paradigm was used in the study with a grounded theory analysis. This approach was adopted because of its ability to generate findings inductively from empirical data. An 'Interaction-value model' emerged from the study. The model was driven by the value and impact of information unlike previous information models which have been driven by information needs. This study has demonstrated that although an information need could trigger off an information activity, the subsequent information process could only be sustained by the value of information. Hence, access and use of information depends on the value and impact of information to overcome or reduce constraints. The value of information is therefore the core category, while the moderation of constraints and interaction with sources for latent or apparent needs are the two main categories that make up the model. The study has also shown that not all information users are active seekers. The main difference between the two groups of interviewees was that health workers' needs were generally apparent and led to active information seeking, whereas the women's needs were generally latent. Women mainly accessed information passively. Passivity, however, was generally limited to the act of accessing information. After passive information access, the subsequent user behaviour was active. Hence, women passively accessed information, but actively used it. Women's information behaviour was therefore dynamic. This was confirmed throughout the study when, for example, their information needs changed from latent to active and vice versa. The difference in the findings appears to stem from the fact that for women, the process of information access and use was dependant on the relationship and interaction between their social and information environment in everyday life; while for the health workers, professional matters added a further dimension to their information activities. The ways in which women and health workers accessed and used information as elaborated in this study have a number of implications for improving information provision, policies, training of health workers, and further research.
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Sokhey, Anand Edward. "Motivation and the Social Information Search." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250181516.
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Kantanka, Nana Sarfo. "Personal health record as a backbone for primary healthcare in developing countries." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9630.
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<p>Increasingly, the ability to improve the efficiency, safety and quality of care is being recognized across the primary health sector. Increased focus on "seamless delivery of care", particularly for those with complex care needs, has highlighted the requirement for improved information exchange between health service providers. Personal Health records (PHR) as a transmission of personal health information can be powerful tools for linking the fragmented information that exists between services and allow providers immediate access to essential clinical information. This research is to make known how personal health records (PHR) can be of a greater support or possible as a backbone for continual of service for primary health care. The acquisition of knowledge by this research is about how personal health records can contribute to the planning of efficient patients information which in the long run helps in acquiring the rightful treatment and which also results in the benefit of primary health organization members in the whole. The results illustrate the conceptions of the need to in cooperate and encourage the use of personal health records which in the long effect can serve as a backbone for the existing primary healthcare.</p>
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Trestini, Dorotea. "Informatica senza computer: una sperimentazione alla scuola primaria." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20406/.
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La sempre maggiore presenza di dispositivi informatici nella vita quotidiana delle persone ha reso fondamentale l'insegnamento di questa disciplina nei processi formativi.
Al contrario di altre materie però, essa viene vista come "la scienza del computer" intesa come uso di un elaboratore, il quale non è la scienza in se ma un semplice strumento. Questa distinzione è molto netta in altre discipline ma non nell’informatica (ad esempio non si pensa a un astronomo come studioso di telescopi, bensì di stelle e galassie).
In questo contesto ho iniziato ad avvicinarmi in modo più conscio al pensiero computazionale, iniziando a conoscerne molti aspetti interessanti per la formazione di un bambino. L'insegnameto di questa disciplina, infatti ha un duplice vantaggio: da un lato la conoscenza di una meteria divenuta basilare, dall'altro quello di essere uno strumento interdisciplinare.
In mondo in cui i bambini sono bravissimi a "consumare" la tecnologia, in altre parole ad utilizzarla senza conoscerla davvero, mi sono chiesta se fosse possibile, proprio partendo da loro, poter fare un progetto il cui focus non fosse il computer ma capire alcuni concetti dell'informatica.
Inoltre dopo aver parlato con alcune insegnanti delle scuole primarie sono venuta a conoscenza del loro grande interesse per questa tipologia di attività ma della neccessità di essere assistite da qualcuno che conosca bene la materia. Mossa da queste motivazioni mi sono avvicinata al mondo unplugged , vedendo in esso la possibilità di spiegare ai bambini alcuni concetti chiave senza introdurre la programmazione o il computer in generale. In quest’ottica si colloca il presente lavoro di tesi, che vede come obiettivo l'insegnamento di concetti informatici ai bambini delle classi terze della scuola primaria.
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Nikolova, Zornitza T. [Verfasser]. "Processing of emotional information in patients with primary cervical dystonia / Zornitza Nikolova." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1018829024/34.
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Grubb, Penelope Ann. "The impact of information technology upon primary health care in Great Britain." Thesis, University of Hull, 1991. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4567.
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This is a study of the impact of information technology on health care in Great Britain. Its major aim is to identify means by which information technology may improve the quality of health care in specific areas within the health services.The study concentrated upon general practice and was split into three stages. The first was a survey of general practice computing, conducted to give an overview of the use of computers in general practice. Following this, was a more detailed study of general practice miniclinics. The final stage was an in-depth investigation into the use of computers in the care and treatment of diabetes.
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Arderne, Meagan. "Developing and implementing an information communication technology model for a primary school." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1215.
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Thesis (MTech (Quality (Faculty of Engineering) Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008.<br>While the necessary Information Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure at the
Holy Cross Sisters' School (HCSS) has been established, there has been little evidence of
the successful integration of ICT into the school. While traditional teaching methods are
still being practiced, ICT integration into the curriculum has been non- existent and
mundane administrative tasks are still being performed manually. Furthermore,
management has no real vision in place with regards to ICT integration at the school. Due
to the fact that the HCSS has not optimally used its ICT capabilities results in
administrative processes being inefficient and impacting adversely on the quality of the
education provided.
The objectives of this research study are to develop a model that mitigates the research
problem with focus on improving administrative processes, integrating ICT into the
curriculum, and combining ICT with traditional teaching methods to exponentially
improve upon the efficiency of teaching and learning.
The research methodology for this dissertation will fall within the ambit of action
research, using both qualitative and quantitative research paradigms. The research
question that will form the crux of this dissertation reads as follows: 'What mechanistic
approach can be deployed at the HCSS to integrate ICT within the organization to
improve the quality of education and improve on the efficiency of internal processes?'
Observations, focus groups and a survey will serve as data collection methods for this
research. Data collected will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
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Shahid, Syeda Hina. "Exploring information literacy (IL) practices in primary schools : a case of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15534/.
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Information literacy (IL) is an opportunity for those who want to be independent learners. This study explored the IL practices in primary schools of Lahore, Pakistan. The literature review process identified that there is dearth of research based studies on IL in Pakistan. In Pakistan IL practices can be grouped into two categories: formal and informal. Unfortunately, these efforts have not been reported in the literature. The researcher based on her personal knowledge can confirm that most of the IL efforts in Pakistan are informal and at higher education level. Therefore, the study aimed to illuminate IL practices of teachers and pupils in primary schools in Lahore through an exploratory multiple case study approach. This study adopted a social constructivist stance (which is often combined with an interpretive approach) to investigate IL practices. Lahore is one of the big cities of Pakistan and capital city of the province Punjab (Pakistan). The ontological and epistemological stance of the present study takes a qualitative approach to understand the phenomenon in depth. After considering four possible qualitative methods (Phenomenography, Phenomenology, Grounded Theory and case study) case study approach was identified as having the best fit with the study’s objectives. The data was gathered through interviews, focus groups, task based activities, documents analysis and observation, in order to see the situation from different lenses. Additionally, the national Pakistani context for primary school education was outlined, and key elements of the Pakistani National Curriculum were analysed for evidence of IL. Situational analysis was adopted as a second approach to analysing the data, to explore the research aim in a wider context. The six primary schools’ (Public, Private trust, Private un-registered and Private elite class) cases were identified and selected after seeking data collection permission. The study participants were grade one and two teachers (class teachers and English language teachers), school children (5-7 years of age) and librarians. In total 11 teachers’ interviews, two librarians’ interviews and 12 focus groups with pupils were conducted from selected primary schools. The findings revealed that there was no IL practice in public, private trust and private un-registered schools. In addition, findings highlighted that teachers were teaching through traditional methods and the content of activity based and inquiry based teaching was missing. However, in the elite class private school, teachers were motivated and conducting classroom activities including creative writing and practice of thinking skills in order to organize information. It emerged that the school librarian and library teacher in public and elite class private schools had no role in IL instruction and they were not aware of this concept. Additionally, the results of six activity based tasks which were conducted after focus groups to assess children’s IL skills revealed that children had limited exposure to a variety of information sources. They ranked their elder brother/sisters and sources (books) used by them as very high. On the other hand, elite class private school children ranked internet (Google) and books high as their information sources. Analysis of related documents (English language, Mathematics and General Knowledge national curriculum and teacher guides) showed that English language curriculum and teacher guides have many provisions to integrate IL instruction, however the curriculum was not in practice in the selected schools. The researcher is the first person who investigated the information literacy situation at primary school level in Pakistan using a novel combination of thematic and situational analysis. The national implementation IL model based which emerged from the findings can be used by practitioners who wish to foster greater engagement with IL at the primary school level, and as a guide for future researchers. An Information literacy process- based framework for primary school children in Pakistan is proposed, based on case study findings. Finally, the situational analysis has revealed key factors which are implicated in the Pakistani context for IL in primary school education.
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Liu, Chun-lung. "Implementing ICT into teaching in a primary school." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40039869.
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Hiltunen, T. (Tuomas). "Learning and teaching programming skills in finnish primary schools:the potential of games." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201605221873.
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Teaching and learning of programming skills is becoming a mandatory part of Finnish primary school curriculum in the fall of 2016. Teaching of these skills will start from the grade one. The decision of starting teaching programming skills for 6–12 year old students is creating a new situation to the field of basic education in Finland. The current situation is creating challenges for teachers, students and for the planning of the new curriculum. It seems that currently there is not much existing official information and material for Finnish class- teachers considering teaching programming skills. In this study I am trying to map out the new situation from the point of view of teachers. The main research question of this study is: What is the role and importance of teaching and learning programming skills in Finnish primary schools?
For this thesis I have reviewed existing literature on the learning and teaching of programming for school children. As a research method I have used qualitative content analysis for analyzing the results of the interviews with teachers. I have mapped out their opinions and suggestions considering the teaching of programming skills, why it is important and how it could be taught. The role of games or game-based environments has been strongly recognized in this study. I have also tried to clarify the position of programming as a learning subject in Finnish basic education. In this study, I am concentrating on learning and teaching of programming skills at grades 1–6 at Finnish primary schools. As results, I will point out that the teaching and learning of programming skills in basic education can be beneficial for society and for the development of children’s cognitive skills, but there are also many challenges involved. In addition, I am introducing two frameworks based on the gathered data.
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Dolan, Gina Catherine. "Patients' use of health information from the Internet : exploring the impact on primary care." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2006. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/patients-use-of-health-information-from-the-internet(a6558aa3-934c-4313-810f-3a46f505d847).html.
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An increasing number of patients actively seek health information from the internet. Patients value the internet for health; however evidence suggests that health professionals perceive it as a challenge to their role. This study aims to investigate patients' use of the internet in primary care and to investigate the association between socio-economic status and internet use. Patients (n=851) attending two general practices in South Wales were surveyed about use of the internet for health in Phase 1. In Phase 2 interviews were conducted with a sample of these patients (n=50) and practice staff (n=10) to explore their views about patients' use of the internet and its impact on primary care. In the final phase, an on-line discussion forum with relevant stakeholders (n=73) explored views about the current and future role of the internet for patient information. Patients accessed their doctor significantly more for information about health in comparison to any other source. The internet was also highly valued, with 52% of study participants having used it for health information. Generally, primary care patients used the internet to complement rather than replace - information received by their doctor. There were differences amongst patients according to age, gender and socio-economic status in internet access, variety of health information used, and reliance on health professionals. Most health internet users acknowledged that their decision making was more informed and autonomous. A more patient-centred approach to consultations is advocated in the form of partnership with health professionals. This has yet to be realised in primary care, partly due to reluctance by patients and partly due to the current constraints on primary care consultations. This study shows that the internet is clearly an agent of change, which is shifting the way patients interact with health professionals in primary care. Patients would prefer to use the internet in partnership with health professionals, yet this need is currently not met within a primary care environment. It is important that patients and health professionals receive adequate training in using the internet for health information to make best use of this resource in the future.
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Webb, Janet Marie. "Information about primary care physicians considered most useful by managed health care consumers." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1370.
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Butler, E. Sonny. "The Role of Information in the Selection Process of a Primary Care Physician." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279148/.
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There is a paucity of information about the various factors that influence the selection of primary care physicians. Also, the relative significance of these factors is not known, making it difficult to properly address ways to improve the information flow to patients when they select a primary care physician.
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Vogelzang, Barnabas Heinrich. "Evaluation of the competence and attitudes of primary care physicians towards information technology." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26518.
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The aim of this project was to produce some principles that would assist software developers (SD's) in the design of software for South African general medical practitioners (GP's). The author wanted to give SD's a cognitive model of general medical practice in the hope that this will improve the relevancy of future medical software. This cognitive model is in the form of a set of principles that SD's can keep in mind when developing software for GP's. An evaluation was done of the attitudes and competence of GP's towards information technology. This was done via detailed telephonic interviews, which were analyzed in order to deduce these principles.
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Fröhler, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Algorithms for the analysis of the primary and tertiary structure of genomes. / Sebastian Fröhler." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1012431592/34.
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Srirangarajan, Bhooma. "Visualizing Primary Design Research: Analyzing Interviews in Primary Design Research using Qualitative Research and Ethnographic Principles and Graphic Design to Communicate the Results." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406880596.
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Zakre, Kenan. "The Use Of Learning Management Systems In Primary Schools : A Qualitative Study Among Teachers In Sweden." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-81310.
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Information and Communication Technology is used in the education field in Sweden toimprove learning quality. The aim of this research is to investigate the use of LearningManagement Systems in primary schools, in the specific context of the role of LearningManagement System (LMS) in learning and teaching processes from teachers‟perspectives. Furthermore, This Thesis aims to explore teachers‟ perceptions of how touse this learning management system which is used in primary Swedish schools.Six teachers from two different primary schools in small municipality in the south ofSweden participated in semi-structured interviews. The theoretical model of UnifiedTheory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) inspired this qualitativeresearch along with the other related past studies. This quantitative model was only usedto sensitize the research process, for collecting and analysing qualitative data in thisstudy.The different elements of the theory such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy,social influence and facilitating conditions along with studies helps in conducting studybasedon qualitative approach for analysing the interviews. The research results indicatethat teachers were content with the usage of this learning management system, but thereis a lack of knowledge regarding this system. The system is helpful in performanceevaluation, planning, communication and overall working for routine tasks. Theresponses of interviews showed that teachers are not trained for using the features ofLearning management system in the way that it is designed for. The findings showed thatteachers require the support from professionals to integrate the system into their routineplanning. Furthermore, they also emphasise on the need to make the system user-friendlywith easy navigation. The findings of this study were compared to previous studies, anda further comparison was carried out regarding how it relates to the determinants andmoderating factors such as peer influence, internal perceptions and motivations, timeconstraints, organisational structure and facilitating conditions. Hence, support andtraining are needed to enhance learning and teaching through this Learning managementsystem.
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Bernard, Jürgen Verfasser], Dieter W. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Fellner, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Schreck. "Exploratory search in time-oriented primary data / Jürgen Bernard. Betreuer: Dieter W. Fellner ; Tobias Schreck." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1112268898/34.
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Bernard, Jürgen [Verfasser], Dieter W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Fellner, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Schreck. "Exploratory search in time-oriented primary data / Jürgen Bernard. Betreuer: Dieter W. Fellner ; Tobias Schreck." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-51739.
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Ning, Kon-ying. "A case study examining the transfer of information literacy across subjects in primary school." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203335.
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Ning, Kon-ying, and 甯幹英. "A case study examining the transfer of information literacy across subjects in primary school." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40203335.
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Voigt, Karen, Stephanie Taché, Andreas Klement, Thomas Fankhaenel, Stefan Bojanowski, and Antje Bergmann. "Gaining information about home visits in primary care: methodological issues from a feasibility study." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-148173.
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Background: Home visits are part of general practice work in Germany. Within the context of an expanding elderly population and a decreasing number of general practitioner (GPs), open questions regarding the organisation and adequacy of GPs’ care in immobile patients remain. To answer these questions, we will conduct a representative primary data collection concerning contents and organisation of GPs’ home visits in 2014. Because this study will require considerable efforts for documentation and thus substantial involvement by participating GPs, we conducted a pilot study to see whether such a study design was feasible. Methods: We used a mixed methods design with two study arms in a sample of teaching GPs of the University Halle. The quantitative arm evaluates participating GPs and documentation of home visits. The qualitative arm focuses on reasons for non-participation for GPs who declined to take part in the pilot study. Results: Our study confirms previously observed reasons for non-response of GPs in the particular setting of home visits including lack of time and/or interest. In contrast to previous findings, monetary incentives were not crucial for GPs participation. Several factors influenced the documentation rate of home visits and resulted in a discrepancy between the numbers of home visits documented versus those actually conducted. The most frequently reported problem was related to obtaining patient consent, especially when patients were unable to provide informed consent due to cognitive deficits. Conclusions: The results of our feasibility study provide evidence for improvement of the study design and study instruments to effectively conduct a documentation-intensive study of GPs doing home visits. Improvement of instructions and questionnaire regarding time variables and assessment of the need for home visits will be carried out to increase the reliability of future data. One particularly important methodological issue yet to be resolved is how to increase the representativeness of home visit care by including the homebound patient population that is unable to provide informed consent.
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Higgins, Steven. "Teacher development and the effective use of information and communications technology in primary schools." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423586.
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