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Journal articles on the topic 'Primary Ocular Tuberculosis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Suthawal, Deepak. "A Case Report of Isolated Occular Tuberclosis." Journal of Clinical Case Reports & Studies 5, no. 1 (2024): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8808/180.

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The term “Primary Ocular Tuberculosis” used when tubercular lesions are present only in eye without any systemic involvement. Although rare but cases of isolated ocular tuberculosis exist in literature The most common manifestation is the inflammation of the uveal tract due to high blood supply. In the studies reporting higher incidence rates, the diagnosis of TB uveitis was often based on a positive tuberculin skin test [TST].

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2

Adil, Elkhoyaali. "Multifocal Choroiditis of Presumed Tuberculous Origin: Report of a Case." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 13, no. 01 (2025): 39–45. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2025.v13i01.006.

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Multifocal choroiditis is a rare affection of unknown etiology, and tuberculosis is one of its numerous causes. Our study highlights the need to look for tuberculosis in case of multifocal choroiditis, even without clinical history or signs suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. We present the case of an immunocompetent patient with isolated multifocal choroiditis, which strongly suggests tuberculosis. The positive diagnosis was made based on the positivity of the QuantiFERON-TB® Gold immunoassay, given the low sensitivity and specificity of conventional diagnostic methods. Further tests reveal

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3

Handayani, Rizki Matta, Niken Indah Noerdiyani, and Indriani Kartika Dewi. "Nodular Episcleritis in a Boy with Pulmonary Tuberculosis." Vision Science and Eye Health Journal 2, no. 1 (2022): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vsehj.v2i1.2022.6-10.

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Introduction: Episcleritis is an acute inflammation of the vascular connective tissue between the conjunctiva and the sclera’s surface, which can be found unilateral and bilateral. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the systemic infectious diseases that cause morbidity in developing countries and can affect the ocular area known as ocular tuberculosis There are still limited cases of ocular tuberculosis studies, specifically tubercular nodular episcleritis in adolescents. This case report aims to expose nodular episcleritis in pediatric tuberculosis patients in Indonesia. Case Presentation: A 16-year

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4

Chawla, Rohan, Mithalesh K. Singh, Lata Singh, et al. "Tubercular DNA PCR of ocular fluids and blood in cases of presumed ocular tuberculosis: a pilot study." Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology 14 (January 2022): 251584142211235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25158414221123522.

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Background: The definitive diagnosing of ocular tuberculosis (TB) is difficult; therefore, there is a need of better understanding of investigating TB DNA in presumed ocular TB patients. Objectives: The aim of this study is to correlate tubercular DNA PCR of aqueous/vitreous and blood in cases of presumed ocular TB. Design: A prospective study. Methods: DNA was extracted from aqueous of cases of choroidal tuberculoma (group 1) and serpiginous choroiditis (group 2) and from vitreous of cases of vasculitis (group 3) and macular hole/retinal detachment (group 4). Gel-based PCR and real-time PCR a

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5

Sachan, Anusha, Rohan Chawla, and Suman Lata. "Large exudative retinal detachment with choroidal granuloma unmasking disseminated tuberculosis: imaging and management." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 3 (2021): e241179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-241179.

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A 26-year-old man presented with diminution of vision in the left eye associated with malaise and occasional mild fever. On fundus examination, the patient had left eye inferior bullous retinal detachment with choroidal granuloma. Systemic examination revealed a non-tender swelling on the right wrist. Correlating ophthalmic and systemic findings, a presumptive diagnosis of left eye exudative retinal detachment with choroidal tuberculoma and tubercular osteomyelitis of the right wrist was made. On imaging, asymptomatic multiorgan involvement was observed in the chest, abdomen and spine. The pat

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6

Paovic, Jelena, Predrag Paovic, and Miroslav Vukosavljevic. "Clinical and immunological features of retinal vasculitis in systemic diseases." Vojnosanitetski pregled 66, no. 12 (2009): 961–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0912961p.

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Background/Aim. Vasculitis is a clinical, pathologic process characterized by inflammation and necrosis of blood vessel occurring anywhere in the body. The aim of the study was to present some clinical and immunologic features of retinal vasculitis in systemic diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis, Behcet's diseases, and others. Methods. A total of 1 254 patients with uveitis were included in the study. The immunochemical diagnostic methods were used to determine the pathogenesis of ocular manifestations. Ocular manifestations were examined using biomicroscope

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7

K. Rivero, Stephanie, and Irene Lee. "Typical radiological manifestations of sarcoidosis: a review of three cases." Belize Journal of Medicine 11, no. 1 (2023): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.61997/bjm.v11i1.257.

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Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. The lungs are the primary organ involved. It is known as the great mimicker since it exhibits a variety of symptoms, mimicking other inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic conditions such as tuberculosis and lymphoma. Objective: Present the typical radiological manifestations of pulmonary sarcoidosisin three patients with varying pattern and severity. Clinical cases: Three Asian women, two of which complained of a history of chronic cough and ocular symptoms, the third case complaining of cutaneous lesion

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8

Reddy, SL Sujitha, B. Sathish Pai, N. Shyamasunder Bhat, and Kanthilatha Pai. "Atypical Presentation of Behcet’s Disease with Atlanto Axial Joint Pain as Initial Presentation-A Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 15, no. 5 (2025): 16–19. https://doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i05.5538.

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Introduction: Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic and multi-systemic disorder with inflammatory characteristics. It is manifested by recurrent oral aphthae, skin lesions, ocular disease, gastrointestinal involvement, neurological disorders, and vascular disease. Arthritis is seen in half of the patients. However, it rarely affects the spinal column, and patients presenting with neck pain have been reported only in one case in the literature. Case Report: Here we report a case of 39 year old male patient with BD whose primary symptom was neck pain. Anti-tubercular therapy was started empirically

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9

Tasnim, Saria, Dhara Dave, Yousuf Tawfeeq, Tarek Naguib, and Waqas Rasheed. "A case of ocular neurosyphilis in a patient with HIV." Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles 9, no. 41 (2021): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12746/swrccc.v9i41.931.

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In the modern era, neurosyphilis in immunocompetent individuals is very rare compared to pre-antibiotic era. However, the incidence is still a few folds higher in immunodeficient individuals, especially in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The cases we found, involved mostly the brain with eye involvement was found in only five other instances. Ocular syphilis is a type of neurosyphilis that can threaten vision leading to blindness if not treated promptly. Its diagnosis can be challenging but it should be considered if the neuro-ophthalmological findings cannot be exp

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10

Dhrif, O., M. S. Hamdi, I. Kechaou, et al. "AB1362 LOCATION AND NUMBER OF SARCOIDOSIS GRANULOMA, A POSSIBLE DIAGNOSTIC ARGUMENT?" Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1786.3–1787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3790.

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BackgroundSarcoidosis is a non-necrotizing granulomatous disease which diagnosis is often challenging and requires elimination of other causes of granulomatous lesions. Location and number of granulomatous lesions in patients are not yet established as arguments in diagnosing this disease.ObjectivesWe therefor conducted a study aiming to compare locations and number of granulomas between patients with sarcoidosis and patients with other granulomatous diseases (OGD).MethodsCross sectional study in which were included patients in whom non-necrotizing granulomatous lesions have been identified vi

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11

McColl, Jeanine, Teresa Liang, and Dax Rumsey. "Neurological Behcet’s Disease in an Adolescent: A Case Report." Journal of Rheumatology 52, Suppl 2 (2025): 71–72. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.2025-0314.57.

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BackgroundBehcet’s disease (BD) is an idiopathic multisystemic inflammatory disease. There are 2 primary sets of diagnostic criteria. The 1990 International Study Group criteria consists of recurrent oral ulcers at least 3 times in 12 months and 2 or more of the following other features: recurrent genital ulcers, eye lesions (uveitis, retinal vasculitis), skin lesions (erythema nodosum, pseudo folliculitis, papulopustular lesions, or acneiform nodules) or a positive pathergy test (skin papule 2 mm or more 24-48 hrs post-needle insertion).[1,2] The 2014 International Criteria for Behcet Disease

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12

Tanushree, V., and Gowda HT Venkate. "Clinical Study of Primary Ocular Tuberculosis." July 8, 2016. https://doi.org/10.19070/2332-290X-SI08001.

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Introduction: “Primary Ocular Tuberculosis” describes an infection by the M. tuberculosis species that can affect any part of the eye (intraocular/extraocular) without any systemic manifestations. Materials and Methods: Prospective Study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital on patients diagnosed to have primary ocular tuberculosis attending the outpatient and inpatient department of ophthalmology. Results: In our study we reported 7 cases of primary ocular tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of eyelid (1 case), Tuberculosis of conjunctiva (2 cases), Tuberculosis of lacrimal sac (2 cases), Tubercul

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13

Nandu, Nitish Singh, Aamani Bavanasi, and Rana Wajahat. "Ocular Tuberculosis Without a Lung Primary." Cureus, May 1, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7920.

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V, Tanushree, and Venkate Gowda HT. "Clinical Study of Primary Ocular Tuberculosis." International Journal of Ophthalmology & Eye Science, July 8, 2016, 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.19070/2332-290x-si08001.

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15

Singh, Rakshit Kumar, Chehak Bewtra, and Praveena Kher. "A review on Ocular Tuberculosis: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Treatment." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, December 22, 2021, 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i60b34642.

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Background: globalization and migration movements are intimately linked to the expansion of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis has also been the primary cause of death in patients with HIV infection and the leading cause of death related to antibiotic resistance. Tuberculosis may affect any part of the uveal tract. T cell activity is of significance in Tuberculous infection. The phagocytosis of bazillion by macrophage is a significant factor in limiting the spread of infection. However, in patients who have had a previous tuberculous infection, the cell-mediated response is also associated with tissue

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16

Raina, Rohit, and Neha Chhabra. "Choroidal Tubercles, an Ocular Presentation in Tuberculosis- a Retrospective Observational Hospital-based Study." Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal, October 6, 2021, 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/or/2021/v15i230207.

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Aim: To find the prevalence of choroidal tubercles in tuberculosis patients. Introduction: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of infectious cause of death especially in endemic countries. Tuberculosis infection spreads hematogenously from primary infection site to rest of the body. Ocular presentation manifests in the form of choroidal tubercles being the most common fundus change. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective, observational hospital-based study. Total 100 tuberculosis patients were studied and their data were collected from Hospital record system from February

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17

Khalil, Ibrahim. "Primary Tubercular Chorioretinitis Without a Pulmonary Focus: A case of Ocular Tuberculosis." Bangladesh Journal of Medicine, June 6, 2024, 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v35i20.73458.

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Tuberculosis is a global health problem. Around 2 billion people could have TB, with 10.6 million falling ill each year. TB remains deadly despite being preventable and treatable, claiming over 3,500 lives daily and totaling 1.3 million deaths annually. Additionally, approximately 30% of TB cases are missed by healthcare screenings and diagnostics, leading to poor health outcomes and further TB spread in communities. Untreated individuals can infect 10 to 15 others per year, with 10% developing active TB in their lifetimes. TB is an infectious disease that can affect various organs in the body

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18

Dilahara, Tilakaratne, and Kumarasinghe Malith. "Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes of Presumed Ocular Tuberculosis Patients Attending Central Chest Clinic, Colombo." Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal, January 31, 2022, 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/or/2022/v16i130225.

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Aims: Main objective of this study was to describe the diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, and associated factors of presumed ocular tuberculosis patients attending Central Chest Clinic, Colombo.  Study Design, Place and Duration: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among all ocular tuberculosis patients referred to Central Chest Clinic, Colombo for treatment from 1st of January 2016 to 31st June 2018. Methodology: Pretested content validated secondary data extraction form was used. Socio-demographic and work-related characteristics were analysed using frequency distribut

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19

Murphy, Melissa L., and Duncan Rogers. "Tuberculosis reactivation demonstrated by choroiditis and inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane in a patient treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for malignant mucosal melanoma." Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12348-023-00374-x.

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Abstract Purpose To describe a complex case of ocular tuberculosis reactivation with anterior uveitis, choroiditis and inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) treatment of malignant mucosal melanoma. Methods A retrospective collection of medical history, clinical findings and multimodal imaging with literature review of the topic was conducted. Results A 52-year-old Romanian female developed reduced vision and photophobia after three cycles of ICPI therapy comprised of ipilimumab and nivolumab. Bilateral anterior uveitis, multiple left ey

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20

Mitchell, Jordan L., Laura MacDougall, Melanie J. Dobromylskyj, et al. "Ocular mycobacterial lesions in cats." Veterinary Pathology, May 19, 2022, 030098582210984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03009858221098431.

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Ocular mycobacterial infections are an under-recognized cause of morbidity in the domestic cat. This study aimed to explore the distribution, histopathological appearance, and severity of feline ocular mycobacterial lesions, and to characterize the immune cell population with immunohistochemistry. Routine histological staining with hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson’s trichrome, was performed to identify ocular lesions and assign an inflammation score based on the number of cells present. Acid-fast bacilli were detected with Ziehl-Neelsen, and immunohistochemistry for ionized calcium-binding ad

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21

Khalil, Dr Ibrahim. "Challenges in Diagnosing Primary Tubercular Chorioretinitis and Ocular Tuberculosis in Resource-Limited Settings of Bangladesh." Indian Journal of Tuberculosis, August 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.08.015.

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22

"Intermediate Uveitis: Clinical Findings, Diagnosis, and Treatment." Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal), January 1, 2021, 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37783/crj-0233.

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Intermediate uveitis (IMU) refers to inflammation localized to the vitreous and peripheral retina. The disease has an insidious onset. Symptoms include floaters and blurred vision. Clinical findings include mild to moderate anterior segment inflammation, vitreous cells, vitreous condensation and haze, snowballs, snowbanking, and peripheral periphelibitis. Ocular complications include cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, cataract, glaucoma, vasoproliferative tumor, intravitreal hemorrhage, retinoschisis, and retinal detachment. The diagnosis of IMU is made clinically. IMU may be either i

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23

Mashige, K. P. "Anterior diffuse scleritis diagnosed as conjunctivitis." African Vision and Eye Health 71, no. 1 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v71i1.61.

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This article presents a case of anterior diffuse scleritis that initially was diagnosed as conjunctivitis. Anterior diffuse scleritis (ADS) is a potentially vision-threatening inflammation of the sclera whose etiology may include autoimmune and systemic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculosis. The signs and symptoms of ADS include pain, tearing, tenderness, redness, painful sensitivity to light and decreased visual acuity. Ocular and physical examinations including blood tests to rule out underlying causes are important. Medications such as corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-

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24

Zaini, Lia Meuthia, and Arief Kartasasmita. "Clinical Features and Factors Affecting the Success of Retinal Vasculitis Therapy." International Journal of Retina 3, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2020.vol003.iss002.118.

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Introduction: Retinal vasculitis is an inflammatory eye condition that threatens vision. Inflammation occurs in the branches of retinal arteries, cause by primary ocular diseases or associated with other diseases. This study aims to describe clinical features and factors affecting therapeutic success in 52 patients with retinal vasculitis. Methods: This study was conducted using retrospective cohort in Retina Clinic of Cicendo Eye Hospital for vasculitis patients from January 1st- December 31st 2017. Data were collected retrospectively from the ophthalmic records of 52 patients (74 affec

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25

Damiani, E. "Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes, and gout." Reumatismo 75, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/reumatismo.2023.1570.

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Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes, was an experienced physician who treated gouty patients. A gouty character appears in The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter, a Sherlock Holmes novel. This offers the possibility of discussing gout from the peculiar perspective of a medical writer in light of the historical-medical context of the time. This study was conducted using Conan Doyle’s autobiographical, scientific, and literary primary sources, as well as past and current medical literature. The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter was autobiographical. Conan Doyle himself wa

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26

Netar, Suresh, Meenu Choudhary, Pushpanjali Verma, Vijyalatha Rastogi, and Mansi Gupta. "P246 Neglected keratitis caused by Exserohilum rostratum from the arid region of north-west India leading to vision loss—a case report." Medical Mycology 60, Supplement_1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myac072.p246.

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Abstract Poster session 2, September 22, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Objectives To report a case of complete loss of vision due to delay in diagnosis of fungal keratitis caused by Exserohilum rostratum in an immunocompetent patient from the arid area of north-west India. Method A 65-year-old female farmer was admitted to ophthalmology with a history of pain, redness, watering, and foreign body sensation in the left eye for 2 months. She had a history of trauma by splinters 2 months back. On ocular examination, a large corneal ulcer of about 7 × 8 mm size at 2-8‘o’ clock position in the left eye w

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