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1
Suaib, Eka. Problematika pemutakhiran data pemilih di Indonesia. Penerbit Koekoesan, 2010.
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2
Müller, Carsten. Die Problematik einer Implementierung von Informationstechnologie im Bürobereich: Gestaltungsvorschlag auf der Basis einer Einstellungsanalyse (Fallstudien). Müller Botermann, 1987.
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3
Wehler, Philipp. Die freie Benutzung im digitalen Zeitalter: Neue Herausforderungen für [Paragraph] 24 UrhG unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Problematik des Abklammerns von Vorlagen unter urheberrechtlichem Leistungsschutz. Dr. Kovac, 2012.
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4
Sofiotis, Ilias. Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung und dem Recht auf Informationszugang, erläutert anhand der Problematik der Informationshilfe: Unter Berücksichtigung der Vorgaben des Europäischen Gemeinschaftsrechts zum Datenschutz und zum Informationszugang. I. Sofiotis, 2004.
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5
Data Flow and Control Flow Analysis of Problematic Commits. Crazy Copy Center Productions, 2024.
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6
Sahay, Sundeep, T. Sundararaman, and Jørn Braa. The ‘Information-Use Problematic’ in Health Information Systems. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758778.003.0003.
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It is well understood that use of information is essential not only for justifying the investments made in building information systems, but they are also essential for improving the quality and equity of healthcare delivery. The paradox is that there is a data overload that impedes relevant information use, and to solve this more IT systems are deployed, thus creating more data, which further confounds the information use problem. One reason for this is that health information systems in LMICs are typically not conceived as built for users at different levels with varying needs, but primarily to satisfy the monitoring and control needs of central apex authorities and funding agencies. While in recent years, tremendous improvements have been made in LMICs, there still tends to exist a weak understanding and use of indicators, poor data quality that is all too readily and mistakenly attributed to non-truthful reporting when there are many other remediable factors at work. The Expanded PHI approach seeks to address these issues. It posits that meanings can be best made only through ‘conversations over data’, and user friendly systems requires ‘communities of practice’ to build and sustain.
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Huber, Judith. Problems with historical data. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657802.003.0003.
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Chapter 3 discusses the challenges presented by the historical data used in the study and how they are dealt with in the book: (a) the evidence, particularly for Old English, is limited and does not represent the genres and registers normally used in motion-encoding typology studies; (b) establishing the decontextualized meaning of verbs from earlier stages of a language can be problematic, including in view of the highly detailed entries in period dictionaries, which aim at listing all the contextualized meanings of a verb. Exemplary analyses illustrate how this problem is approached in the present study in comparison to previous works.
8
Advanced Visual Effects Compositing: Techniques for Working with Problematic Footage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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9
Lanier, Lee. Advanced Visual Effects Compositing: Techniques for Working with Problematic Footage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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10
Lanier, Lee. Advanced Visual Effects Compositing: Techniques for Working with Problematic Footage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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11
Lanier, Lee. Advanced Visual Effects Compositing: Techniques for Working with Problematic Footage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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12
Lanier, Lee. Advanced Visual Effects Compositing: Techniques for Working with Problematic Footage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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13
Lanier, Lee. Advanced Visual Effects Compositing: Techniques for Working with Problematic Footage. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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14
Tsuchiya, Motohiro. Systematic Government Access to Private-Sector Data in Japan. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190685515.003.0013.
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The Japanese legal system has been based on the German legal system since the mid-nineteenth century, but the American legal system was grafted onto it following Japan’s defeat in World War II in 1945. The postwar Constitution contained an article regarding the secrecy of communications and protected privacy in terms of respect of individuals. Now, as the Personal Information Protection Law in the Executive Branch, which was enacted in 1988, and the Personal Information Protection Law, which was enacted in 2003, strictly regulate privacy, there have been fewer problematic cases regarding governmental access to private-sector data. Data gathering for law enforcement or intelligence activities has also been weaker following World War II. Private-sector corporations/organizations might share data with government agencies, but based on voluntary arrangements, not by any mandatory system. More focus is being cast not on governmental access to private-sector data, but on citizen’s access to data.
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Sahay, Sundeep, T. Sundararaman, and Jørn Braa. Measuring Progress Towards Universal Health Coverage and Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758778.003.0008.
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Two important global developments are likely to emerge as key drivers in shaping the requirements of public health informatics, defining its processes, and judging its performance. These are the challenges of measuring progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) and towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (post-2015 SDGs). To meet this challenge, four data sources—population surveys, primary care service data, hospital information, and Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS)—have to be rethought, restructured, and aligned within a framework architecture informed by an Expanded PHI perspective. But architecture is in itself a problematic—with different ideologies and contexts shaping it in varied, often contradictory ways. It is only an expanded understanding of public health informatics that could help address these complexities.
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Harder, Louise, and Atul Malhotra. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy for sleep disturbance in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0225.
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Robust data have shown that sleep disruption and inadequate sleep duration in the general population impact neurocognitive function and produce cardiometabolic sequelae. Despite widespread recognition of the importance of sleep as an essential homeostatic function, there are relatively few data regarding the importance of sleep in critically-ill patients. Obstructive sleep apnoea is a common respiratory condition that is prevalent in the ICU and can be particularly problematic pre-intubation, post-extubation, and in the peri-operative setting. Considerable discussion regarding the impact of sleep versus sedation has occurred, with some insights emerging from improvements in our understanding of basic neurobiology. Sleep disturbance may also have an impact in critically-ill mechanically-ventilated patients by contributing to the development of delirium, which is associated with poor outcomes. However, further data are required to determine the ideal strategy to optimize sleep in the ICU and whether such strategies will in turn improve hard outcomes of critically-ill patients.
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Kandel, Denise B., Mei-Chen Hu, Pamela C. Griesler, Bradley T. Kerridge, and Bridget F. Grant. Epidemiology of Substance use Disorders. Edited by Dennis S. Charney, Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar, and Joseph D. Buxbaum. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0041.
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The epidemiology of drug use in the general population includes two distinct streams of research. The more common stream measures consumption patterns by asking individuals whether (and how frequently) they have ever used specific classes of drugs. The second stream measures the extent of problematic drug use by asking individuals about behaviors and symptoms that would meet the criteria for a substance use disorder. This chapter presents data on the epidemiology and phenomenology of substance use disorders from comparative and developmental perspectives, focusing on DSM-5 definitions, prevalence for types of drugs and by age, gender, and race/ethnicity, comorbidity with psychiatric disorders, and developmental stages.
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Gunter, Barrie. The Study of Online Relationships and Dating. Edited by William H. Dutton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199589074.013.0009.
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This chapter, which investigates a range of evidence about online dating behaviour, and a synthesis of approaches to research in this area, also evaluates the nature of the market and the experiences of those who have engaged in online dating. Further issues linked with patterns of online self-disclosure and self-presentation, and concerns about deception in online dating, are then assessed. Corporate data have indicated that the online dating business is mostly on an upward trajectory. Data show greater age difference tolerance of online daters and a willingness to adopt a broader selection of partners compared with offline-only daters. Many online dating site users increasingly fail to be fully engaged by sites that offer search opportunities for partner matches using check-box profiling. The issues of deception and trust in relation to personal profiles have been regarded as problematic factors that could cause tension among online daters.
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Arregi, Karlos. Focus Projection Theories. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.005.
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This chapter examines the phenomenon offocus projection: a sentence with prosodic marking of focus on a word can lead to ambiguity, in that different constituents containing the word can be interpreted as focused. Two general approaches to focus projection are compared. In Default Prosody analyses, focus projection is epiphenomenal, a consequence of general principles requiring that focus be prosodically prominent, coupled with default principles of default prominence. In the F-projection approach, focus projection is encoded more directly, in terms of licensing rules for F-marking on constituents. Overall, the evidence in the literature favors the Default Prosody approach, and this chapter concentrates on comparing these two general approaches, as well as briefly summarizing other aspects of focus projection. The chapter ends with discussion of Basque data that are problematic for widely assumed generalizations about focus projection, and a possible way of understanding the data in the Default Prosody approach.
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Paul, Peter V., and Ye Wang. Publishing in Refereed Journals. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455651.003.0016.
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This chapter provides a few guidelines for conducting, interpreting, and reporting primary and secondary research on children and adolescents who are deaf. The focus is on publishing in refereed journals that adhere to the reporting standards of the publication manual of the American Psychological Association. The chapter addresses a few salient quality indicators or desirable research characteristics such as theoretical frameworks, literature review, and sample demographics. Problematic areas such as plagiarism and piecemeal publications are covered, as are the notion of balance within manuscripts and the use of scholarly caution and language in interpreting data. Finally, the chapter ends with recommendations for researchers who are interested in investigating the educational achievement of students who are deaf.
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Kaun, Anne, Christian Pentzold, and Christine Lohmeier, eds. Making Time for Digital Lives. Rowman & Littlefield, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881811075.
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It is said that the ontology of data resists slowness and also that the digital revolution promised a levelling of the playing field. Both theories are examined in this timely collection of chapters looking at time in the digital world. Since data has assumed such a paramount place in the modern neoliberal world, contemporary concepts of time have undergone radical transformation. By critically assessing the emerging initiatives of slowing down in the digital age, this book investigates the role of the digital in ultimately reinforcing neo-liberal temporalities. It shows that both "speed-up" and "slow down" imperatives often function as a form of biopolitical social control necessary to contemporary global capitalism. Problematic paradoxes emerge where a successful slow down and digital detox ultimately are only successful if the individual returns to the world as a more productive, labouring neoliberal subject. Is there another way? The chapters in this collection, broken up into three parts, ask that question.
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Sahay, Sundeep, T. Sundararaman, and Jørn Braa. Complexity and Public Health Informatics in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758778.003.0007.
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This chapter enriches the Expanded PHI perspective through the lens of complexity. Current technical health systems and institutional developments, including the increasing inter-connections between them, and the uncertainities associated with both context and goals are enhancing complexity exponentially. Simple linear approaches to design and develop systems can no longer work, as they imply trying to bring order into processes which by definition defy them. Cloud computing and big data are offered as examples to depict this rising complexity, providing rich opportunities to materialize them. Many organizations are adopting outsourcing models as a means to manage this complexity. However, outsourcing comes in multiple hues and shades, from a simple use of third party hardware to the externalization of the whole value chain of activities, including the analysis and use of data. Public health informatics in LMICs, which are population-based and taking place in largely resource-constrained and unstructured settings, are by definition problematic to outsource and should be approached with caution. An incremental approach where a ‘cultivation strategy’ addresses uncertainities, and ‘attractors’ draw in user-participants are more likely to succeed.
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Salton, Herman T. Intelligence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733591.003.0008.
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This chapter considers the ways in which the UN Secretariat handled the four critical stages of the ‘intelligence sequence’ in Rwanda, namely, the planning, collection, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence in the run-up to the genocide. It argues that it is precisely in the domain of intelligence that the ambiguous roles of DPA and DPKO were most visible and problematic. Fresh evidence further suggests that, on the eve of UNAMIR, a new system of data-collection and analysis was established by Boutros-Ghali that was supposed to rely heavily on both DPA and DPKO as the ‘eyes and ears’ of the SG. The chapter comes to the conclusion that part of the reason behind the DPA–DPKO feud in New York can be linked to their competing intelligence roles in the early 1990s.
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Bavin, Edith. The Acquisition of Ergativity: An Overview. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.25.
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The chapter illustrates variation associated with ergative alignment and properties of ergative languages that might impact on acquisition of the system. Language input, the social context and developmental patterns are also discussed, as are criteria for determining when a system has been acquired. Examples provided represent different language families and geographic areas. Also included are more detailed examples: for Kaluli, which has a split ergative system, dependent on word order and pragmatic factors; for Arctic Quebec Inuktitut which employs detransitivisation processes to change the role of the arguments of bivalent verbs; and for Warlpiri which has frequent ellipsis of core arguments, so reducing the frequency of ergative marking in the input. The data illustrate that split morphological systems and variable use of ergative marking do not seem to be problematic overall. By the age of 2.5 or 3 years, children show knowledge of the system.
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Lubrano, Ennio. Axial disease. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737582.003.0013.
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This chapter summarizes the state of the art for axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis (axial PsA). The definition and measurement of axial PsA still remain problematic and this, in turn, could affect the best approach of recognition and treatment of this intriguing subset of the psoriatic disease. Axial PsA has been studied over the last few years looking at the difference in function and radiological findings compared mainly to Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), trying to differentiate it from a coincidental AS with psoriasis. Moreover, an assessment on a possible Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) in PsA patients and clinical-radiological differences to axial PsA has been evaluated. The role of potential new imaging techniques, such as MRI, in the assessment of axial PsA has been considered in this chapter. The diagnosis and treatment of axial PsA has been reported by using the data obtained from the literature.
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Bhopal, Raj S. The concept of risk and fundamental measures of disease frequency: Incidence and prevalence. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739685.003.0007.
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In epidemiology, risk refers to the likelihood, or in statistical language probability, of an individual in a defined population developing a disease or other adverse health problem. The prime measures of disease frequency, including probability of outcomes, in epidemiology are incidence rates and prevalence proportions. The incidence rate is the number of new cases in relation to a population, time, and place. Prevalence proportion measures all disease or a risk factor in a population, either at a particular time (point prevalence) or over a time period (period prevalence, lifetime prevalence). Rates and proportions are most accurately presented by age and sex groups (‘specific’ rates and proportions), but for ease of interpretation they may be grouped as overall, actual (crude) rates. The collection of both disease, risk factor and population data to achieve accurate figures of incidence rates and prevalence proportions is problematic, and remains a major challenge.
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Lopresti, Robert. When Women Didn’t Count. ABC-CLIO, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216035084.
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Erroneous government-generated "data" is more problematic than it would appear. This book demonstrates how women's history has consistently been hidden and distorted by 200 years of official government statistics. Much of women's history has been hidden and filtered through unrealistic expectations and assumptions. Because U.S. government data about women's lives and occupations has been significantly inaccurate, these misrepresentations in statistical information have shaped the reality of women's lives. They also affect men and society as a whole: these numbers influence our investments, our property values, our representation in Congress, and even how we see our place in society. This book documents how U.S. federal government statistics have served to reveal and conceal facts about women in the United States. It reaches back to the late 1800s, when the U.S. Census Bureau first listed women's occupations, and forward to the present, when the U.S. government relies on nonprofit groups for statistics on abortion. Objective and accurate, When Women Didn't Count isn't focused on numbers and census results as much as on recognizing problems in data, exposing the hidden facets of government data, and using critical thinking when considering all seemingly authoritative sources. Readers will contemplate how the government decided that a "farmer's wife" could be a farmer, how the ongoing battle over abortion has been reflected in the numbers the government is allowed to keep and publish, the consequences of the Census Bureau "correcting" reports of women in unusual occupations in 1920, and why the official count of women-owned businesses dropped 20 percent in 1997.
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Shea, Nicholas. Neural Mechanisms of Decision-Making and the Personal Level. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, et al. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0062.
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Can findings from psychology and cognitive neuroscience about the neural mechanisms involved in decision-making tell us anything useful about the commonly-understood mental phenomenon of making voluntary choices? Two philosophical objections are considered. First, that the neural data is subpersonal, and so cannot enter into illuminating explanations of personal-level phenomena like voluntary action. Secondly, that mental properties are multiply realized in the brain in such a way as to make them insusceptible to neuroscientific study. The chapter argues that both objections would be weakened by the discovery of empirical generalizations connecting subpersonal properties with personal-level phenomena. It gives three case studies that furnish evidence to that effect. It argues that the existence of such interrelations is consistent with a plausible construal of the personal-subpersonal distinction. Furthermore, there is no reason to suppose that the notion of subpersonal representation relied on in cognitive neuroscience illicitly imports personal-level phenomena like consciousness or normativity, or is otherwise explanatorily problematic.
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Ostermann, Susan L. Capacity beyond Coercion. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197661116.001.0001.
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Abstract State capacity is often equated with coercion. The literature suggests that compliance with law is unlikely in areas where the state cannot coerce compliance. Utilizing extensive data collected in adjacent districts in India and Nepal, and exploring three different regulatory arenas, this book demonstrates that coercively weak states can significantly increase compliance by behaving pragmatically and designing implementation around known barriers to compliance. One such barrier is imperfect legal knowledge. Though legal knowledge is often assumed to be accurate, this assumption is problematic. Principal-agent problems prevent many weak states from behaving consistently, and target populations often lack education and competent legal advice. As a result, they struggle to learn about the law. States that employ regulatory pragmatism, however, may circumvent this compliance barrier. They do so by designing implementation strategies for on-the-ground realities. The book explores two such efforts—delegated enforcement and information dissemination through local leaders. The data indicate that strategies consistent with regulatory pragmatism, in contrast to those that are legally doctrinaire or deterrence-based, significantly increase legal knowledge and compliance, even where the state is locally weak. This is demonstrated in through a primary case involving compliance with conservation law, as well as through two shadow cases involving compliance with education and child labor regulation.
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Big Data – Systeme und Prüfung. Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.37307/b.978-3-503-14402-0.
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Big Data und Strategien zur Verarbeitung der gewaltigen Datenmengen sind nicht nur in Großkonzernen ein immer drängenderes Thema. Auch kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen sind zunehmend gefordert, zur Stärkung ihrer Innovations- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit entsprechende Investitionen einzuplanen. Dieser anschauliche Band widmet sich der facettenreichen Problematik mit hochaktuellen Beiträgen aus der behördlichen wie privatwirtschaftlichen Praxis: Ein spannender Querschnitt für einen intelligenten Umgang mit wachsenden Datenbeständen in Unternehmen.
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Flynn, Shawn W. Children in Ancient Israel. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784210.001.0001.
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Flynn contributes to the emerging field of childhood studies in the Hebrew Bible by isolating stages of a child’s life and, through a comparative perspective, studies the place of children in the domestic cult and their relationship to the deity in that cult. The study gathers data relevant to different stages of a child’s life from a plethora of Mesopotamian materials (prayers, myths, medical texts, rituals), and uses that data as an interpretive lens for Israelite texts about children at similar stages such as: pre-born children, the birth stage, breast feeding, adoption, slavery, children’s death and burial rituals, and childhood delinquency. This analysis presses the questions of value and violence, the importance of the domestic cult for expressing the child’s value beyond economic value, and how children were valued in cultures with high infant mortality rates. From the earliest stages to the moments when children die, and to the children’s responsibilities in the domestic cult later in life, this study demonstrates that a child is uniquely wrapped up in the domestic cult and, in particular, is connected with the deity. The domestic-cultic value of children forms the much broader understanding of children in the ancient world, through which other more problematic representations can be tested. Throughout the study, it becomes apparent that children’s value in the domestic cult is an intentional catalyst for the social promotion of YHWHism.
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Weierter, Stuart. Executing Truth. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666990676.
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With the increasing use of algorithms to govern public life, a proliferation of promises surrounding ‘big data,’ and an ever tighter union of academic specialists and the state bureaucracy, we are, it seems, on our way to an administrative utopia. At what cost, though? Executing Truth critically appraises this reformation of politics by way of the social sciences. It argues that what is lost with this reformation is a deeper consideration of the problematic relation of truth to politics; a problem which cuts deeper than any social science might plumb. In seeking to recover what is lost, this book offers a comprehensive study of the problem. The author works his way back from the debates in politically applied social science (or policy science) to the foundational thinkers. These include Harold Lasswell, John Dewey, Max Weber, and Georg Hegel. At the end of this journey, Executing Truth calls for a return to the everyday (or the most comprehensive basis for distinguishing between theoretical perspectives), and outlines the implications of this return for those political advisors – state executive actors – tasked with ‘speaking truth to power.’
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Friedrich, Alexander, Petra Gehring, Christoph Hubig, Andreas Kaminski, and Alfred Nordmann, eds. Steuern und Regeln. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845296548.
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In the traditional philosophy of technology, the two main modus operandi found in conventional technology are categorised and described under the terms ‘control’ and ‘regulation’ as a way of differentiating between them. This occurs for two reasons: on the one hand, in order to specify the difference between the forms of technology that have been developed by since the Neolithic revolution and the ‘accidental’ technology (as discussed by Ortega y Gasset) of higher species or prehistoric man, and on the other to reveal the relationship between technology and (natural) science more precisely. In the meantime, however, modern technologies and new epistemic practices are challenging historical descriptions of the nature of technoscience and the dichotomy between ‘control’ and ‘regulation’ respectively. Bearing in mind the so-called new emerging sciences and technologies (NEST) and other developments in IT, cognitive technology, nanotechnology and biotechnology, this volume examines who or what can be conceptualised as the subject of processes of control and regulation. In terms of large-scale systems and the organisation of large social structures, methods of control are becoming increasingly problematic because digital information technologies especially are creating new, diverse ways of manipulating and regulating processes or conditions, for example monitoring, big data and profiling, while the counteractive consequences of the same development, for example the ever-increasing amount of data, acceleration, automatisation and the logic of sociotechnical infrastructures, are increasingly throwing the possibility of coordinated control into doubt.
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Schneider, Robert O. When Science and Politics Collide. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216035008.
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This book explains why science and politics collide, why this is an especially critical problem at this precise time in U.S. history, and what should be done to ensure that science and politics coincide. The United States is waging a political war against science, and the stakes are increasing. When it comes to areas in which science and politics must interact, such as genetics, climate, and energy, there are always political interests pushing to spin the relevant science, but this becomes problematic when Americans abandon rationality for ideology or misinformation manufactured to confuse and persuade them. In a series of five contemporary examples, When Science and Politics Collide: The Public Interest at Risk makes the case that none of the ways in which science and politics currently communicate serve the public interest and that some of them actually result in great harm. It explains that whether disagreements are about climate change, vaccines, pandemics, or fracking, experimentally proven and reproducible data and evidence can save lives—and poor, politically motivated policies can doom them. The book concludes with recommendations for creating a more perfect union between scientific facts and political agendas.
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Davidson, Cynthia A. Women's Voices in the BlueWave Resistance on Twitter. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978737761.
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In this book, Cynthia A. Davidson argues that tweeting, especially political tweeting among Democratic women, is an inherently optimistic act. Davidson’s analysis draws on Lauren Berlant’s assertion in Cruel Optimism (2011) that what we most desire is also an impediment to our thriving, whether or not the subject of specific conversations is negative. Narratives created by members of the Democratic BlueWave Resistance either support the primary purpose of the group--to uphold support of liberal democratic conventions and the issues, policies, and personalities related to them--or take place more or less comfortably within the zone of the community that supports these things. Using specific examples, empirical data, and analysis framed by Berlant’s theories as well as primary and secondary sources from current journalism and scholarship, Davidson explores Twitter as a problematic object of desire and attachment, examines the rhetorical underpinnings of its discourse, and shows how women of this group use storytelling via Twitter as a way to make connections, be heard, and stay afloat in a status quo that perpetuates un-ease and precarious existence. Scholars of media studies, gender studies, and political science will find this book of particular interest.
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Virdi, Sundeep, and Robert L. Trestman. Personality disorders. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0036.
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Personality disorders are highly prevalent and highly problematic in jails in prisons. Personality disorders, by definition, are associated with significant functional impairment of the affected individual and may negatively impact those around them. That impairment results from the way these individuals think and feel about themselves and others. Patients with personality disorder are often challenging to manage in the community. The difficulties associated with their care are accentuated in the confines and highly structured environments presented by jails and prisons. Inmates with personality disorders often require a disproportionate level of attention from correctional staff and their behavior can contribute to a dangerous environment inside a facility. Additionally, when compared to offenders with other psychiatric disorders or non-mentally disordered offenders, offenders with personality disorders have higher rates of violence, criminality, and recidivism. There are 4 personality disorders that are of particular clinical relevance to the correctional psychiatry setting: borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and paranoid personality disorder. Research also reflects that these disorders have the highest correctional prevalence rates among the personality disorders. For each of these four disorders, this chapter presents in turn a description and some management concerns and challenges, data on correctional prevalence, appropriate psychotherapy, and potential psychopharmacologic interventions.
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Arenofsky, Janice. Work–Life Balance. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216038665.
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This powerful resource investigates how a positive work–life balance can help create engaged, productive employees, how imbalances in work–life balance create serious issues for workers, and identifies different ways to greatly improve one's work–life balance. Of the 35 countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), all except the United States provide nationwide paid maternity leave. This is but one example of how the United States has not made adequate provisions to safeguard the work–life balance of its workforce—to the detriment of the overall economic prosperity of the nation. This insightful book shows how problematic an out-of-balance work-to-life ratio is, gives readers the raw data and information to prioritize their values, and describes tools available for selecting a position that matches an individual's talents and is congruent with her desired work–life balance. Work–Life Balance examines the controversies associated with work–life balance in the modern era and emphasizes how winning the struggle to achieve work–life balance requires buy-in from employees, management, and government. Readers will appreciate how optimizing their work–life balance may incorporate employee assistance programs, flextime, improved time management skills, technology-enabled tools, and community programs. The author explains how choosing an appropriate occupation is the first step toward having a positive work–life balance and avoiding the twin scourges of depression and job dissatisfaction. Comparisons between typical benefits in the United States with those in other countries provide data that can be used to advocate and negotiate for greater flexibility, fairness in gender equality, and better employer-employee relationships.
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Gružauskas, Valentas, and Aurelija Burinskienė. Determining the Trade-offs of Inventory Management Approaches in the Face of Covid-19. KTU leidykla „Technologija“, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/e01.9786090217436.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has left a clear mark on virtually every area of human activity. Arguably, most prominent changes may be observed in the global supply chain where the delivery times have changed, and even minor outbreaks of the pandemic pose ever-increasing risks in logistics, supply, and infrastructure. The authors of the scientific study analyze supply chain management approaches and deal with the key aspects which are most suitable to tackle the COVID-19 crisis. This study identifies which area caused by the pandemic has been most problematic and proposes strategies and methods to help companies properly manage their stockpiles. Another important aspect of this scientific study is that the analysis of inventory management methods in a critical environment is performed by developing an agent-based model. Thus, the data from this study are completely new and allow a closer look and understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the supply and stockpiling/storage issues. In this research, the authors focus on the supplier relationship and inventory level management. Here, they examine several different business scenarios, such as: central vs. distributed warehouses, local vs. global suppliers, etc. Due to the wide range of information, this book should attract not only those who are profoundly interested in the field but also inquisitive newcomers with an interest in the trade and product supply policy.
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Wittlich, Hagen. Problematik des Performance Measurement Von Social Media. Kennzahlen des Social Media Monitoring Unter Berücksichtigung des Big Data Phänomens. GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2013.
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Merry, Alan F., Simon J. Mitchell, and Jonathan G. Hardman. Hazards in anaesthetic practice: general considerations, injury, and drugs. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0044.
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The hazards of anaesthesia should be considered in the context of the hazard of surgery and of the pathology for which the surgery is being undertaken. Anaesthesia has become progressively safer since the successful demonstration of ether anaesthesia in Boston, Massachusetts, United States in 1846 and the first reported death under anaesthesia in 1847. The best estimation of the rate of anaesthesia-related mortality comes from the anaesthesia mortality review committees in Australia and New Zealand, where data have been collected under essentially consistent definitions since 1960, and reports are amalgamated under the auspices of the Australian and New Zealand College of Surgeons. An internationally accepted definition of anaesthetic mortality is overdue. Extending the time for inclusion of deaths from 24 h to 30 days or longer substantially increases estimated rates of mortality. Attribution of cause of death may be problematic. Even quite small degrees of myocardial injury in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery increase the risk of subsequent mortality, and in older patients, 30-day all-cause mortality following inpatient surgery may be surprisingly high. Patients should be given a single estimate of the combined risk of surgery and anaesthesia, rather than placing undue emphasis on the risk from anaesthesia alone. Hazards may arise from equipment or from drugs either directly or through error. Error often underlies harmful events in anaesthesia and may be made more likely by fatigue or circadian factors, but violations are also important. Training in expert skills and knowledge, and in human factors, teamwork, and communication is key to improving safety.
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Lenette, Caroline. Participatory Action Research. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197512456.001.0001.
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Participatory Action Research (PAR) models are increasingly used in disciplines such as social sciences and health to actively engage people with lived experiences as co-researchers and act on findings to improve their lives. In recent years, the potential of PAR to yield meaningful benefits via collaborative research activities with people who are multiply marginalized and excluded from dominant forms of knowledge production has gained more recognition. This rise in popularity calls for in-depth discussions about contemporary methodological issues and taken-for-granted principles that can yield tokenistic outcomes and ethical dilemmas. What do genuine participation and research co-production look like when co-researchers are actively involved in data collection, analysis, and sharing? How do we address ethical issues when projects and relationships become problematic and messy? In addition to answering these questions, this book repositions PAR as an intersectional decolonial methodology and an effective tool to disrupt harmful western or Eurocentric research frameworks in favor of approaches such as Indigenous PAR. It outlines how intersectional feminist principles enrich PAR and honor diverse gender expressions to address enduring inequalities rather than reinforce colonial, elitist, and transphobic notions of feminism. The discussion on influencing policymaking using PAR findings points to the importance of effective knowledge translation plans and intersectional feminist policy analysis frameworks. Using reflexive vignettes from diverse participatory researchers, this book provides practical and conceptual insights into the politics of PAR and its potential to yield new possibilities for individual, community, and policy change when participatory approaches are used in collaborative and ethical ways.
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Iannacci, Luigi. Reconceptualizing Disability in Education. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978725560.
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Reconceptualizing Disability in Education provides an essential critical exploration of problematic discourses, practices, and pedagogies that inform how disability is presently understood and responded to within the field of education. Luigi Iannacci interrogates and destabilizes ableist grand narratives that dominate every aspect of how disability is linguistically, bureaucratically, procedurally, and pedagogically configured within education. Ultimately, this book seeks to forward human rights for people with disabilities in educational contexts by clarifying and operationalizing inclusion so that it is not just a model necessitated by a hierarchy of legality, but rather a set of beliefs and practices based on critical analyses and a reconceptualization of current understandings and responses to disability that prevent inclusion and human rights from being realized. As the book is grounded in reconceptualist theorizing, it draws on multiple perspectives—including critical disability theory, post-modernism, critical theory, critical pedagogy, and social constructivism—to deconstruct and destabilize what is currently taken for granted about disability and those ascribed disabled identities within education. A variety of personal, professional, research experiences and data are offered and drawn on to critically address questions regarding philosophical, epistemological, pedagogical, organizational, economic, and leadership issues as they relate to disability in education. Critical incidents, interviews, documents, and artifacts are drawn on and narratively presented to explore how disability is presently configured in language, identification, and placement processes, discourses, pedagogies, and interactions with students deemed disabled, as well as their parents/caregivers. This critical narrative approach fosters alternative ways of thinking, speaking, being, and doing that forward a human rights focused model of disability that sees as its mandate the amelioration of people with disabilities within education.
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Oruç, Pinar. Digitising Cultural Heritage. Hart Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509959310.
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This open access book investigates the role played by copyright on the digitisation of cultural heritage from three angles: the theoretical differences between cultural property law and copyright; a comparative analysis of the EU, UK, and US; and analysis of current practices and concerns, based on empirical research. As heritage digitisation projects become increasingly common for purposes such as preservation and access, the impact of copyright is also becoming more problematic. In order to provide a full and current picture of the copyright problem, the book first introduces the reader to the debates on the scope and ownership of cultural heritage and provides an overview of the copyright implications of the digitisation process and newer uses, including 2D and 3D scanning; virtual and augmented reality; text and data mining; and artificial intelligence. The author then divides the main critical analysis into three parts, referred to as the ‘clashes with copyright’. The first, clash in theory, lies between cultural property law and copyright justification theories. The second clash is in the different legal approaches to digitising in-copyright, public domain, orphan, out-of-commerce and unpublished works in the chosen jurisdictions, focusing on the relevant rights and defences. The third clash is in the interests of stakeholders, based on public reactions to existing projects and cases, supported by interviews with heritage professionals engaging in digitisation. By placing itself in this particular intersection of law, heritage, and technology, the book will be of interest to both intellectual property academics and cultural heritage professionals. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.
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Camargo-Plazas, Pilar, Jennifer Waite, Michaela Sparringa, Martha Whitfield, and Lenora Duhn. Nobody listens, nobody wants to hear you: Access to healthcare/social services for women in Canada. Ludomedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.e554.
Full textAbstract:
In Canada, an unacceptable number of women live below the poverty threshold. Some subgroups of women, such as Indigenous, visible minorities, immigrants and refugees, older adults, and single mothers are more likely to live in poverty, as they face multiple systemic barriers preventing their financial stability. Further, socioeconomic status, employment, gender, and access to healthcare and social services negatively impact women’s well-being and health. Yet little is known about how these factors affect healthcare behaviours and experiences for women living on a low income. Our goal is to describe and understand how gender and income influence access to healthcare and social services for women living on a low income. Methods: Partnered with a not-for-profit organization, we explored the experiences of women living on a low income in Kingston, Canada. Using participatory, art-based research and hermeneutic phenomenological approaches, our data collection methods included photovoice, semi-structured interviews and culture circles. A purposive sample was recruited. Analysis was conducted following the social determinants of health framework by Loppie-Reading and Wien. Results: Participants perceived the healthcare and social services systems as unnecessarily complex, disrespectful, and dismissive–one where they are mere spectators without voice. They do not feel heard. They also identified problematic issues regarding living conditions, housing, and fresh food. Despite these experiences, participants are resilient and optimistic. Implications: Learning from participants has indicated priority issues and potential, pragmatic solutions to begin incremental improvements. Changing system design to enable self-selection of food items is one example. Conclusion: For an individual to feel others view them as unworthy of care, especially if those ‘others’ are the care providers, is ethically and morally distressing–and it certainly does not invite system-use. While our early findings reveal considerable system improvements are required, we are inspired by and can learn from the strength of the participants.
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Camargo-Plazas, Pilar, Jennifer Waite, Michaela Sparringa, Martha Whitfield, and Lenora Duhn. Nobody listens, nobody wants to hear you: Access to healthcare/social services for women in Canada. Ludomedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e554.
Full textAbstract:
In Canada, an unacceptable number of women live below the poverty threshold. Some subgroups of women, such as Indigenous, visible minorities, immigrants and refugees, older adults, and single mothers are more likely to live in poverty, as they face multiple systemic barriers preventing their financial stability. Further, socioeconomic status, employment, gender, and access to healthcare and social services negatively impact women’s well-being and health. Yet little is known about how these factors affect healthcare behaviours and experiences for women living on a low income. Our goal is to describe and understand how gender and income influence access to healthcare and social services for women living on a low income. Methods: Partnered with a not-for-profit organization, we explored the experiences of women living on a low income in Kingston, Canada. Using participatory, art-based research and hermeneutic phenomenological approaches, our data collection methods included photovoice, semi-structured interviews and culture circles. A purposive sample was recruited. Analysis was conducted following the social determinants of health framework by Loppie-Reading and Wien. Results: Participants perceived the healthcare and social services systems as unnecessarily complex, disrespectful, and dismissive–one where they are mere spectators without voice. They do not feel heard. They also identified problematic issues regarding living conditions, housing, and fresh food. Despite these experiences, participants are resilient and optimistic. Implications: Learning from participants has indicated priority issues and potential, pragmatic solutions to begin incremental improvements. Changing system design to enable self-selection of food items is one example. Conclusion: For an individual to feel others view them as unworthy of care, especially if those ‘others’ are the care providers, is ethically and morally distressing–and it certainly does not invite system-use. While our early findings reveal considerable system improvements are required, we are inspired by and can learn from the strength of the participants.
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Mandell, Hinda. Sex Scandals, Gender, and Power in Contemporary American Politics. ABC-CLIO, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216013389.
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The increasing tabloidization of politics and focus on politicians involved in sex scandals is both problematic and important. This book examines how gender impacts political sex scandals in the United States, in the past and today; explains how political sex scandals contribute to the mistrust of government; and identifies why these titillating events do have serious consequences for our political system. When a major political sex scandal occurs, it occupies as much as 25 percent of all news coverage in the United States. Even if people may deny it, they enjoy "consuming" and talking about political sex scandals. Written by a former journalist who has frequently explored the intersections of politics, sex, and gender in the United States, Sex Scandals, Gender, and Power in Contemporary American Politics investigates how political sex scandals contribute to the mistrust of government and why these titillating events have great significance in our frenzied media environment. The book makes use of comprehensive descriptive data (including statistics) to explain how political sex scandals are a representation of society's broader gender dynamics, conveying subtle messages about power and morality. It addresses the roles of men and women in political sex scandals over time, the increasing tabloidization of politics, and the often-overlooked consequences of sex scandals for the political system. Readers will see how the types of sex scandals that politicians are typically involved in differ by political party, and that all major political sex scandals have involved male—not female—politicians engaged in bad behavior. Author Hinda Mandell also documents how scandals' multiple negative effects for the politicians themselves and for society include turning politics into a spectator sport, contributing to the mistrust of government, the questioning of politicians' competence and judgment as a group, and politicians' diminishing effectiveness in office.
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Estudio sobre la problemática de los encaminamientos de los flujos físicos de mercancías en las instalaciones portuarias: El papel de las CIM portuarias y de la telemática portuaria. Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes, 1991.
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Omstedt, Anders. The Development of Climate Science of the Baltic Sea Region. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.654.
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Dramatic climate changes have occurred in the Baltic Sea region caused by changes in orbital movement in the earth–sun system and the melting of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. Added to these longer-term changes, changes have occurred at all timescales, caused mainly by variations in large-scale atmospheric pressure systems due to competition between the meandering midlatitude low-pressure systems and high-pressure systems. Here we follow the development of climate science of the Baltic Sea from when observations began in the 18th century to the early 21st century. The question of why the water level is sinking around the Baltic Sea coasts could not be answered until the ideas of postglacial uplift and the thermal history of the earth were better understood in the 19th century and periodic behavior in climate related time series attracted scientific interest. Herring and sardine fishing successes and failures have led to investigations of fishery and climate change and to the realization that fisheries themselves have strongly negative effects on the marine environment, calling for international assessment efforts. Scientists later introduced the concept of regime shifts when interpreting their data, attributing these to various causes. The increasing amount of anoxic deep water in the Baltic Sea and eutrophication have prompted debate about what is natural and what is anthropogenic, and the scientific outcome of these debates now forms the basis of international management efforts to reduce nutrient leakage from land. The observed increase in atmospheric CO2 and its effects on global warming have focused the climate debate on trends and generated a series of international and regional assessments and research programs that have greatly improved our understanding of climate and environmental changes, bolstering the efforts of earth system science, in which both climate and environmental factors are analyzed together.Major achievements of past centuries have included developing and organizing regular observation and monitoring programs. The free availability of data sets has supported the development of more accurate forcing functions for Baltic Sea models and made it possible to better understand and model the Baltic Sea–North Sea system, including the development of coupled land–sea–atmosphere models. Most indirect and direct observations of the climate find great variability and stochastic behavior, so conclusions based on short time series are problematic, leading to qualifications about periodicity, trends, and regime shifts. Starting in the 1980s, systematic research into climate change has considerably improved our understanding of regional warming and multiple threats to the Baltic Sea. Several aspects of regional climate and environmental changes and how they interact are, however, unknown and merit future research.
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Stray, Christopher, Michael Clarke, and Joshua T. Katz, eds. Liddell and Scott. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810803.001.0001.
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The Greek-English Lexicon of Liddell and Scott is one of the most famous dictionaries in the world, and for the past century-and-a-half has been a constant and indispensable presence in teaching, learning, and research on ancient Greek throughout the English-speaking world and beyond. Despite continuous modification and updating, it is still recognizably a Victorian creation; at the same time, however, it carries undiminished authority both for its account of the Greek language and for its system of organizing and presenting linguistic data. This book includes chapters on all aspects of the history, constitution, and problematics of this extraordinary work, examining its complex history and appreciating it as a monument to the challenges and pitfalls of classical scholarship. The chapters combine a variety of approaches and methodologies—historical, philological, theoretical—in order to situate the book within the various disciplines to which it is relevant; from semantics, lexicography, and historical linguistics to literary theory, Victorian studies, and the history of the book. Paying tribute to the Lexicon’s enormous effect on the evolving theory and practice of lexicography, it also includes a section looking forward to new developments in dictionary-making in the digital age, bringing comprehensively up to date the question of what the future holds for this fascinating and perplexing monument to the challenges of understanding an ancient language.