Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Projet recherche'
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Chouraqui, Fabrice. "Principes de gestion de projet en recherche et développement." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P267.
Full textTricoire, Aurélie. "Action publique et pratiques scientifiques : interactions autour d'un projet de recherche européen." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20067.
Full textThis PhD dissertation answers the double issue of: 1) how the main EU policy device regarding research, known as the Research and Technological Development Framework-Programme (FP), influences the scientific practices of its users; and 2) how the scientists weight on the actual contents of this policy. The question therefore is: through what processes does a European research project come to reality? The proposed answer is based on interviews, archives, semi-quantitative treatment of emails and in-situ observations of a EU research project called EA-Biofilms, funded through the sixth FP. The outline of the demonstration follows the chronology of this project. Its emergence is institutionally structured, upstream, by the political construction of the FP (Chapter 1) and of the research funding market the FP encompasses (Chapter 2). The cooperation can then be seen crystallizing, first, around an object that federates the involved scientists (Chapter 3) and, second, around a contract between the EU administration and the research consortium (Chapter 4). The implementation of the project is then scrutinized through the study of the cooperation devices that are used to steer the project (Chapter 5), and of the ways the coordination tools frame actual scientific work (Chapter 6). The various mechanisms which bring a EU research project to reality thus rely on devices – for selection, quality or insurance – and objects – scientific, contractual or technical – which both oil and frame the interactions between actors
Liperini, Olivier Arnaud. "L'imposition sur les dividendes : Recherche sur un projet de réforme." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0036.
Full textSummary: In response to the difficulties which marked the mode of imposition of the dividends since 1965 and creation of the tax credit, the legislator with desired to reform it by the institution of a mode of abatements. This one whose mission first is to fight the double economic taxation of the dividends, aims also to support the rate of saving and investment in social rights of the households, but also of the companies. However, considering the reform of the distributions intervened in 2004 does not answer the tax challenge taken up in this field, the fiscalist must reconsider once again the way in which the dividends in France are imposed, to propose a model of reform more efficient than that contained in the substantive law. With this intention, the process to be adopted initially consists in identifying the symptoms of the existing system. In this case, the study will put forward the harmful effects of a situation of double economic taxation and the mistakes of the mode of abatements, and will confirm the urgency to reconsider the imposition of the dividends. Consequently it will be made the proposal for a mode entirely reformed, whose principal characteristics are the suppression of the corporation tax paid by the entity on its benefit, and the introduction of a legal tender contractual taking away at a reduced rate, concerning the shareholders. The improvement of the mode of imposition of the dividends will consist in simplification, lightness but also in the remuneration of the risk supported by the investor or the saver in social rights
Emprin, Clémence. "Les Dynamiques Communicationnelles dans la Recherche en Ecologie : Projet et Programme de Recherche sur la Biodiversité." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770153.
Full textBlair, Louisa. "La création littéraire comme vocation chrétienne : un projet de recherche-création." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27675.
Full textThis study in practical theology is an exploration of literary creation as a Christian vocation. If we are called to follow Christ, how should we respond to the imperious call to literary creation? Is the call to Christ and the call to create a single vocation, or do these “calls” come from different sources? Does the call to write also come from God, and is God the source of literary inspiration? I undertook this project because in my experience the two calls often compete, and I wanted to find a way to discern between them, if not reconcile them. I therefore observed my own literary practice to determine the dissonances, resonances and overlaps between my practice as a writer and my Christian vocation with the goal of creating, if possible, a practical theology of literary vocation. To do so I developed the « Jazz Method », a heuristic methodology for observing my practice from a distance. Over the four years of my doctoral studies, I had written numerous works of various kinds, including a play, some short stories, and a book. While I was writing these, I kept a journal. Having assembled some of the works into a representative collection, and inspired by Gérard Genette’s work on the function of paratexts, I observed my practice again, this time retroactively, by footnoting the collection, in another language. Then, based on a synthesis of all my observations, I undertook a theological reflection on my practice using the ideas of theologian Christoph Theobald on the elements of a Christian vocation. Firstly, I discovered that my dispositions as a Christian affect my writing practice. For example, the calls to write come from both inside and out, and deciding if and how to respond to these calls requires discernment for which I turn to my Christian values. Second, Theobald stresses the crucial role played by misunderstandings, passeurs (or mediators), and exile in the vocational call (for example in the story of Samuel’s call, mediated by Eli). As I show, these elements are also important in the practice of literary creation. Third, the call to write, like the call to Christ, is a call to understand and deepen our own singularity, but like a religious vocation, can easily turn into a service of oneself rather than of others. In addition, the novelty sought in literary creation is not necessarily of the same nature as that of the “Good News”. Finally, however, I observed that there is a literary truth found in a well-written piece that resonates with the ineffable truths of faith. These resonances and dissonances helped me to create a practical theology of literary creation, whereby the key to discernment in daily practice is our own truth, or the concordance with ourselves that is found in the “holy hospitality” of Christ’s presence. Through the wellknown contagion of authenticity, literary spaces can be as hospitable as physical or social spaces. If we are authentic, as Jesus was, we can withdraw from the crowd to respond to calls to creation without self-reproach and immune to the reproaches (real or imagined) of our community of faith, and through the contagion of our authenticity, give permission to others to find their own authenticity and their own vocation.
Lecante, Véronique. "Recherche clinique et protection des personnes : le rôle du CCPPRB en cas de modification d'un projet de recherche." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P173.
Full textCrouzet, Nicolas. "Recherche et caractérisation d'exoplanètes par photométrie : développement et exploitation du projet ASTEP." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00553268.
Full textLarrieu, Françoise. "Systèmes intelligents en recherche d'informations : le projet AQUEDUC ; les mécanismes de consultation." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30217.
Full textGomez, Cuellar Jésus Roberto. "Le management de la R & D : une approche méthodologique par la gestion de projet." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30052.
Full textCheikho, Mohamad. "Pluridisciplinarité et foresterie : recherche, gestion, pédagogie de projet et formation des ingénieurs forestiers." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10093.
Full textAtanasov, Petko. "Exploration, exploitation et management de projet - Ground theory : approche pour une nouvelle conceptualisation de l'analyse et de la gestion de projet : deux études de cas dans l'administration publique." Limoges, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIMO1006.
Full textAccording to Standish Group (“Chronicles CHAOS” – 2004) the rate of failure of the projects in various industries varies between 61 and 92%. Why a project can fail? … The historical approach of the project management based on a normative approach showed its limits. From the questions of effectiveness of the current normative approach of the project management, we carried out a review of literature which led us to conclude that the discipline needs a handing-over on epistemological and methodological level. The routine way of the interpretation of the current normative approach tends to darken the deontology of the discipline. Thus, through our first tudy, mobilizing the “grounded theory”, we wished to exceed this instrumentalist vision. Started from an observation on the limits of the current project management, we were brought to analyze a true project (the mission of tramway of Bordeaux) and discovered the importance of the duality for a project, built on dimensions of the structural theory. The research undertaken near the mission of the tram indeed allowed us to highlight the importance of an approach based on the process of the structuring. We thus saw emerging two poles evolving jointly: the structure and the actor. Thus we could, by the means of the grounded theory approach, distinguish some theories which potentially can bring additional options in the exploration, the exploitation and the project management: the theory of conventions; the neo-institutional theory and the structuration theory. The neo-institutional theory refers mainly to the structure, the conventions’ theory refers to the actor. However, the project management represents the management of a particular structure which is subjected to the contextual constraints (time and space). Our final choice was thus made on the structuration theory which we consider as more adapted for investigating the project management with its constraining and habilitating consequences. We then focused ourselves on the applicability of the theory of the structuring in a concrete situation of the management of the project. Our objective was to propose a structuralist approach while veloping the use of an abductive reasoning. Thus we went back again on the ground (Service “Payroll” of the accounting department - University Victor Ségalen Bordeaux 2) to create (and observe) a new service in the accounting department, following the passage of the universities to the responsibilities and widened competences (RCE). This ction-research approach fell under a scientific expedition dissimulated for reasons of objectivity in which our role was that of not-declared observer. By this work, we consolidate our idea that the classical approach (normative) of the project management restricts the analysis with parameters which do not take account of the context in which the project evolves. We lean towards a management of good sense which it calls upon the concept of reflexivity of the actors as evoked by Anthony Giddens in the structuration theory. That corresponds to faculties of the actors to position in a context and to act according to their knowledge and competences, and not necessarily according to the decided objectives. In the case of the project management this becomes a crucial factor
Bartement, Daniel. "Projet de ville et représentation Montpellier : recherche sur les figures emblématiques du patrimoine et de l'écologie dans le projet de ville." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30010.
Full textGrillo, Balassiano Ana Luiza. "Le lycée français de Rio de Janeiro : histoire d’un projet interculturel." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131036/document.
Full textThis research examines the socio-historical process of the Lyceum, analyzing how intercultural practices were experienced there. Therefore, this study focuses on one question: How the "confrontation - contact" with each other has been tested in the school’s environment? This question about intercultural experiences defines "confrontation - contact" with the other. French High School, today, Colégio Franco-Brasileiro, has, also seen in his name, a mixed identity. The name here has a very strong identity meaning. "Franco" (as it’s called) was in a different time, if we compare with others schools spaces, because “Franco” used to form individuals in two cultures (the brazilian culture and the French culture). This analysis was done from the biographical material constructed by non-structured interviews with old students of the school. Each of themgives form to his school experiences, his "life-world" and especially his "world school", which means that these acts biographical shows how practices intercultural were experienced in Lyceum
Conductier, Bruno. "Recherche conceptuelle d'informations dans les banques de données en ligne : application au projet INDUSCOPE." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30076.
Full textRobert, Jean-Jacques. "Vues conceptuelles sur des bases d'information biomédicale : contribution au projet ARIANE." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30022.
Full textLenne, Lydie. "Humanicité, de l’utopie à l’hétérotopie. Recherche en Information-Communication accompagnant un projet d’innovation urbaine." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30021/document.
Full textHumanicité is a new neighborhood, born on the initiative of the Catholic University of Lille which wanted, through this urban project, to expand and diversify its health and medico-social activities. It is about creating a place full of diversity where all the members of society are present, including people with disabilities. This utopian project is also about co-creating, with all the stakeholders involved, innovations developed in response to issues related to this new living space. To guide the emergence of this process and also to organize the participation of the inhabitants and users, the whole neighbourhood houses a Living Lab. This utopia, a projected form of another society which would be better and fairer, pursues the objective of being translated into reality. Following authors like Ricœur, we assume that utopia is fundamentally achievable and that doing so embarks on a process of translation, mobilizes objects, and spreads by the growing of interactions until it confronts the reality of becoming material. When it becomes real, this utopia creates a heterotopia - a space of otherness - which reveals the appropriations and perceptions of space. In this study the objective is to understand the process by which an urban innovation project becomes that of its inhabitants and stakeholders who have and will have to live in it
Cossu-Beaumont, Laurence. "Richard Wright (1908-1960) à la recherche du temps présent : projet, œuvre et réception." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070024.
Full textRichard Wright became one of the most famous African American writers with his best-selling novel "Native Son" in 1940 and autobiography "Black Boy" in 1945. However celebrated, he left what he saw as an oppressive racist society to settle permanently in France in 1947. His fame as spokesman of his community, the analysis of his writing as naturalist and marxist, the conclusions that he cut himself from his roots and inspiration in exile all point out to the current collective (mis)understanding of his work. In the 1930s, Wright is involved in political and literary radicalism. Yet this should not suffice to explain his poetics for he expresses subtle and balanced concerns as to the definition of his writing pertaining to marxism but also black nationalism. Rather than influenced, Wright is fed by radicalism as well as the black vernacular and literary tradition. The black vernacular theory is indeed enlightening as to the voices at play in Wright's writings: they are more feminine, more mystic, more emotional than is usually thought. They are also more varied than just "his". The reception of Wright's works in their times uncovers the complex (re)construction critical and historical theories may entail. Such projections have contributed to veil Wright's works with the concerns of the reader's time. Today we suggest a continued and renewed relevance for "our" time
Maffré, de Lastens Jean-Michel. "Développer des indicateurs de performance pour décrire les services et ressources électroniques dans les bibliothèques de recherche américaines : une étude du projet de l'Association of Research Libraries /." Villeurbanne : ENSSIB, 2001. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/maffre.pdf.
Full textParadis, Sylvie. "Paysages et projet territorial dans les "Hautes-Corbières" (Aude, France) : contribution à une recherche-animation." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20086.
Full textToday, many different regional projects tend to confirm the fact that the landscape is used in part to differentiate the regional identity or lifestyle of a region's inhabitants. Landscape in general could be used to achieve a more intelligent approach to the development of French rural regions, whether these development projects are wide in scope or not. But this landscaping approach raises many issues (ie. How does the landscape contribute to regional development ? What are the application parameters of such a tool ?). To consider basing regional projects on the surrounding landscape, one first needs to evaluate any references that have been made to the lanscape in recent development projects or politics. The framework that is being suggested here has been developed thanks in part to interventions that were made in order to reach the local players of the Audois hinterland in the "Hautes-Corbières". The model supports both regional specificity (global environmental analyses, local dynamics, evolution patterns) and local players (local interests, identity, and reasoning) as welle as a third factor : the implementation of outreach programs that will promote the involvement of local players in order to achieve dynamic regional construction projects. This approach, which relies on the above example, also puts into play the following additionnal capabilities. From the methodology standpoint, a scientific approach in geography is pivotal. From the cultural standpoint, previous experience in driving development and management is needed to tackle regional building projects
Claveau, Charles-Antoine. "Construction d'un spectrographe et recherche de quasars pour le projet d'étude de l'énergie noire, DESI." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS255/document.
Full textThe accelerating expansion of the universe is one of the main topics of modern cosmology. It may stem from a new component, so-called dark energy, which would make up 70% of the energy content of the universe. To study its nature through its equation of state, one can measure a standard ruler given by baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) at various redshifts or for different slices of the universe. This approach was used successfully for the first time in 2005 by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-II) project. Then, the BAO signal was confirmed in 2012 by the BOSS project (SDSS-III) and then by the eBOSS project (SDSS-IV), both with galaxies and HI absorbers revealed in quasar spectra. Our group is preparing the next generation of BAO experiments by taking part in building the spectrograph of the new Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) program. This project will perform a 3D survey of several tens of millions of galaxies and quasars with the 4-meter Mayall telescope in Arizona (USA). I participated in the adjustments of the spectrograph of DESI in collaboration with our industrial partner (WINLIGHT). I was also in charge of developing an optical bench in order to check the alignment of the CCD sensors mounted within the crysotat vessels. Arrays of microlens are used to project very precisely grids of spots on the CCDs. We are able to infer the position of the CCDs according to the observed distortion of the grids of spots. In parallel, I developped algorithms for the selection of quasar candidates, the more distant objects that will be observed by DESI, based on their photometry properties by making use of machine learning tools
Ellouze, Nesrine. "Design social et design d'évènement dans le Sud-Est tunisien : l'hétérotopie de l'espace ksourien. Une recherche-projet." Thesis, Nîmes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NIME0002/document.
Full textAs an architectural and heritage space peculiar to Berber (Amazigh) culture, the ksar (plural ksour) was used in the past as a granary and storage space by its owners, the local semi-nomadic tribes of Southern Tunisia. With time and the change to modernity, a shift in the socio-cultural values and worldview of the local population led to the neglect or mere abandonment of the ksour. The thesis hypothesizes that the concept of heterotopia coined by Michel Foucault could help provide an interpretation of these sites leading to the opening of an innovative project space that would restore value to the ruins of the ksour, behind which, as highlighted by our field inquiry, there lie institutional, social, and intergenerational conflicts. It is in such prospect, through a project-grounded research approach grounded on an event design project that took place during four days in April 2018, that we ventured to capitalize upon the available collective intelligence resulting from the dynamics of the system of stakeholders connected with this archeological and architectural heritage, otherwise promised to a mere touristic-economic exploitation. We believe that such an approach, consonant with social innovation by design methodologies (or social design), will make it possible to secure a sustainable and culturally fruitful future to the ksour without compromising their historical, anthropological, and patrimonial richness and meaningfulness
Dubois, Beau Sandrine. "Vers une faisabilité de travail en équipe - projet soutenu par des dispositifs numériques éducatifs : approche info - communicationnelle." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32076.
Full textResearch objective: the current research work aim is to feasibility study of team project work utilizing educational digital devices within the Information Communications Sciences disciplinary field. Relevance and "reliance": the Information Communications Sciences disciplinary field justifies our research: numerous accompanied discussions and observation of usages focused on cooperative / collaborative educational work have been detailed in the Educational Sciences and Information Processing but little information / data is specific to Information Communications Sciences. Work hypothesis based on the concepts of: project management, relevant contract and feeling of self-efficiency (Bandura) ; mental representations / illustrations, anchorage / basis and discourses from experts. Theoretical tools: the comprehensive approach linked to many theories has been mobilized. Methodology: within a three year time spam, we conducted two independent filed studies. The first quantitative descriptive investigation occured within the framework of ORDINA 13. We observed activities, administrated questionnaires and conducted guided interviews: this investigation is comparable to a pre-inquiry matter of opinion. The second qualitative comprehensive investigation took place within an pilot / experimental junion high school equipped with a DWE named P. R. O. V. E. N. C. E. We conducted semi-directive interviews using the saturation methodlogy of the variation scale as weel an analysis of intellectual thematic content. This investigation allowed us to conclude how mental representations / illustrations of different participants met organized the spreech regarding usage of digital devices with an educational objective
Carreteiro, Teresa Cristina. "La souffrance comme projet de vie : recherche comparative en milieu défavorisé au Brésil et en France." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070081.
Full textThis study aims to explore ways in which individuals from underprivileged strata in france and in brazil express their psychological suffering and come to position themselves as social dependents. Three aspects are examined: 1) individuals tend to express their subjectivity through the body and have difficulty in formulating innovative projects. The life-stories which are collected illuminate this situation. 2) housing space acts as a condensed manifestation of the various lacks that these individuals experience, and reveals their social exclusion. 3) by processing the subjects as "sick" people in need of assistance, social wel fare institutions come to identify them as "diminished citizens". For people who are "assisted" , suffering is the only capital that is available to them. Suffering, transformed into illness, comes to define their life-project. Illness enables the subjects to fill the identity gaps which may exist between their position as sons within the genealogical system, and their position as citizens within the social system
Atienza, Badel Ricardo. "L'identité sonore urbaine : recherche sur l'incorporation critique du concept d'identité sonore dans l'élaboration du projet urbain." Grenoble 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE29041.
Full textThis research constitutes an exploration of the notion of "sonic urban identity", understood as a living expression of men–environment interaction, beyond a prevailing patrimonial perspective. The final purpose of this research is a feasibility study concerning the pertinence of this concept in terms of space qualitative description and conception. This study displays a transversal itinerary, aiming at (i) defining this notion and questioning its daily forms, (ii) describing the identity traits of sonic space in urban configurations –the background and foreground characteristic variation modes- and (iii) defining the appropriateness of those descriptive features for spatial conception. A first general question incites this research: what makes sound pertinent to spatial conception? Is it only a different sensory "point of view"? A first answer states that sonic dimension allows actually to think space in temporal terms. Sonic identity of a place, as an ordinary time characterization, should allow the introduction of daily experience dimension into the spatial project. This work represents thus an exploration of time sound experience, time being questioned in three ways: (i) through the inhabitant’s sound memory, (ii) the description of the sound material composing this experience and, finally, (iii) through an inversion between sound and time, in terms of sonic representation of space temporal experience
Gilabert, Marine. "Recherche de biomarqueurs pronostiques et prédictifs de la réponse thérapeutique des tumeurs pancréatiques : "le projet pacaomics"." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5012/document.
Full textWe developed an efficient strategy in which PDAC samples from 17 consecutive patients were collected by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) or surgery and preserved, by an original approach, as breathing tumors by xenografting and as a primary culture of epithelial cells. Transcriptomic analysis was performed from breathing tumors by an Affymetrix approach. We observed a significant heterogeneity in the RNA expression profile of tumors. However, the bioinformatic analysis of this data was able to discriminate between patients with long- and short-term survival corresponding to patients carrying poorly-differentiated PDAC tumors respectively. We identified 942 genes with statically different expression. Among these genes, 439 were under-expressed and 505 genes over-expressed (fold change ≥2) in short survivors. Primary culture of cells allowed us to analyze their relative sensitivity to anticancer drugs in vitro by a "Chemogram", by similarity with the antibiogram for microorganisms, establishing an individual profile of drug sensitivity. As expected, the response was patient-dependent. Interestingly, we also found that the transcriptome analysis predict the sensitivity of cells to the five anticancer drugs the most frequently used to treating patients with PDAC. In conclusion, using this approach, we found that the transcriptomic analysis could predict the sensitivity to anticancer drugs and the clinical outcome of patients with PDAC
Muret, Arnaud. "La qualité en recherche : la construction d'une norme Française." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001249.
Full textENES, DA SILVEIRA PAULO. "Structuration dynamique des connaissances : plan/projet/action." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066626.
Full textYacoub, Mohamed. "Conception des systèmes : calculs technico-économiques et aide à la décision dans la conduite d'un projet "recherche"." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30064.
Full textThe increasing requirements in management of Research & Development invite to implement a methodology of specific project control. Indeed, it has obvious characteristics: to be very closed with the innovation and very far from the stages of industrialization and marketing. The methodology of control that we explored is to base the decisions on a technico-economic modelling in the long-term, to take into account the technological development in the form of optimization stages or selection of scenarios producing the specified target for the project. Long-term modelling is carried out by the coupling of the tools: Microsoft Project, for planning and WinNag, for economic and financial evaluation We propose that the establishment of the planning is based on the definition of the functions established by the design upstream and associating the non-functional data with it:. .
Lanoë, Marianne. "The evaluation of competitive research funding : .an application to French programs." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0363/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the efficiency of the implementation of new research policies, which change the rationale of funding allocation to academic researchers in France. The creation of the French funding agency 'Agence Nationale de la Recherche' (ANR) in 2005 gives a higher weight to grants allocated in a competitive way, in addition to the traditional block funds allocated to laboratories. This approach is based on the rationale of introducing some competition between researchers and to award only those who prepare the best proposals. Furthermore the program 'Investissement d'Avenir' (PIA), initiated by the French government in 2010, has been implemented to foster research excellence. Thus some competing universities obtain high level of funding in order to improve their international visibility. The first chapter of the thesis studies to what extent do funding agencies support novel research. We investigate the influence of the originality of conducted research over the decision of the researchers to apply and over the evaluation of the projects by the agency. In the second chapter, we assess and quantify the impact of receiving a competitive grant from the ANR on several indicators measuring the ex-post research performances of grantees. Our study is based on a database covering all the applications to the ANR between 2005 and 2009. The third chapter studies the implementation of a policy based on the allocation of a substantial competitive subvention to some selected universities and research laboratories. We investigate how this policy impacts the ex-post research performances of the researchers and faculty members with an application to the University of Bordeaux
Rondeau, Christophe. "Veille technologique et concurrentielle dans les activités de R & D : un processus d'apprentissage : le cas du projet HYMNE." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10011.
Full textBentahar, Omar. "Une approche contingente et dynamique des rôles du chef de projet : le cas de projets de construction de grands barrages au Maroc." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN0680.
Full textThe project management literature is dominated by the normative theory which is focused on the methods and management techniques and the key factors of success. Thus, it occults more or less the project management contingency and both the organizational and human resources management problematics (Shenhar, 2001). This theoretical observation coupled with the empirical one related to the failure of the major infrastructure projects are at the origin of this research on the roles of the projects managers in the constructions projects of large dams in Morocco. Our thesis asks the two following questions: how can we explain the roles diversity of the project manager in the large dams construction? How do the project manager’s roles and the characteristics of the project evolve during the course of the project? So we have achieved an empirical study on thirty three projects founded on mixed methods ; qualitative and quantitative. The results underscore the relation between the project manager’s roles and the contingent characteristics of the project (NTCP), and show that the project manager’s roles evolve I, function of the evolution of the contingent characteristics of the project (TCP). This research contributes to the development of a contingent and dynamic theory of the project manager’s roles. Thus, it calls into question the universal foundations of the project management. From the managerial point of view, it can help the project managers to organize their roles into a hierarchy and to adapt them to the contingent characteristics of the project, and the human resources directors in appointing the right project managers to different types of projects
Randrianirina, Raivo Tania. "Le projet européen, catalysateur de changement organisationnel auprès des PME françaises? : étude comparative." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/RANDRIANIRINA_Raivo_Tania_2010.pdf.
Full textOur objective concerns the study of organizational and/or managerial changes of french SME, generated after the participation in european R&D project. We purpose a modelling of european organization cooperative, whose anchoring point is the universalist european model of Calori and al. (1994-1995). This model bases itself on the acquisition during the cooperation of a multicultural socioeconomic cognition, which will be shared in the organization by the Weick’s institutionalization, will be at the origin of new management practices and in turn sources of performances. A comparative methodology between SME taking part in european project cooperation and those with national projects was privileged in order to increase the validity of the results. The empirical results concerning twenty one SME show that: the multicultural socioeconomic cognition was acquired; only it is not crossed at the organizational level, the multicultural aspect distinguishes european SME cooperative of those national, the spin-offs of european project cooperative are as important than objectives in consortium agreements, a new human resources management was appeared during the european project cooperative, and project management becomes inescapable for both populations of SME
Guillemet, Richard Mbengue Ababacar. "La gestion de projets fondés sur des connaissances scientifiques en voie d'emergence le cas d'un projet de recherche relatif à un emballage biodégradable à base de biopolymères issus d'amidon de blé /." Reims : [s.n.], 2007. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000704.pdf.
Full textDupont, Benoit. "La gestion de projet pour des produits d'innovation : construction et application d'un modèle normatif." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30214/30214.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents a prescriptive model for projects that develop innovative products. Its prescriptive character and its universality stem from 11 axioms or axiomatic propositions. It is constructed to find a solution to the general problematic of project management effectiveness (getting results) and efficiency (getting results with less energy). The model is composed of a structure on the operational level and of a design on the managerial level. Two teams, three functions and five roles are the constitutive elements of the model. The construction of the prescriptive model is the result of extensive theoretical and practical research. The study of literature starts with a presentation of classical authors on work organization; it extends into an analysis on the Aston group and the contingency theory and it ends with a study of the matrix structure and the project management concept. This work generates a general conceptual approach on the specificities of project management, its work mode and its work organization. The empirical research uses the action-research methodology and was conducted in EXFO, an innovative company based in Quebec City. Action research implemented the prescriptive model in the company’s R & D and put it into practice on an actual innovative project of the Project Management Office. The research demonstrates that the prescriptive model is simple, practical and reliable. It also makes clear that in-depth assimilation of the model’s concepts, roles and functions is challenging and time-consuming.
Sway, Cortés Ricardo. "Proposition d'une méthode pour la représentation et l'interprétation de la dynamique de projets socio-techniques en agronomie : application au cas des serres." Montpellier, ENSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENSA0015.
Full textBy means of a qualitative method of research, a device has been developed for the analysis and representation of the dynamics of socio-technical projects on agriculture, particularly on greenhouses. It consists of a control panel with four indicators: the physical time and the project phases, the graphical representation of the actors network and links, the characterization and analysis of such network, and finally the project dynamics. The device has been tested in a real case of socio-technical project known as "cold shelters", carried out in the region of Agen, France. The control panel fulfils the initial objectives of this research work: it gathers ail the actors of the project. It also gathers the formal relations as well as those in competition and relations of conflict. Finally, it represents the dynamics of the project in two different but complementary ways, by comparison of the indicators between stages of the project and in respect of the desired target
Monnier, Camille. "Transitions dans le systeme educatif et crises du projet existentiel. Les espaces-temps transitionnels et leurs pedagogies." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20046.
Full textNowadays the educative process lasts about twenty years along its different phases of personalization and socialisation. Its consists of two stages either consecutive or not, each stage being marked by transitional periods. The "school" stage from nursery school to university or technological formations extends on about 15 years now and then interrupted by the changing consecutive courses every fourth or fifth year. Its characteristics are continuity and promotion. Among those changes we have chosen to expatiate on the one which occurs between high school and university. Its challenge and issue are dealt with in the first part of our study. The "post school" or "pre vocational" stage which lasts on an average four or five years is interrupted by socio-economical changes which occur every sixth month on an average. We treat the issue of that period of incertainty in the second part of our survery. Its brings about a question to which we try to answer in the third part of our thesis that is the notion of project. Our argument is that a project can only exist through its breaking phases. Confronting these two types of transition the pre-determined controllable one and the uncertain incontrollable one is the subject of the fourth part of our work. The general hypothesis which underlies our reflection is that there is an inadequate adaptation to the different transitional situations regarding the complexity of the issues and the simplicity of current answers. These transitional situations call for as high a capacity of adaptation as is needed when one is confronted to a new situation (cf j. Piaget). This hypothesis of "educability" has been tested by teams of high school teachers during forming courses. It is dealt with in the fifth part of this work. The results show that it is possible to develop a relationship between psychology and pedagogy, between research workers and teachers
Guthrie, Cameron. "La coexistence des médias de communication dans le processus de conception : un projet de recherche-action dans une entreprise industrielle." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010051.
Full textSalamon, Joseph. "Les espaces publics à Beyrouth entre spécificités locales et modernisation : une ville en projet à la recherche d'un nouveau référentiel." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/salamon_j.
Full textSalamon, Joseph Bonneville Marc. "Les espaces publics à Beyrouth entre spécificités locales et modernisation une ville en projet à la recherche d'un nouveau référentiel /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx//theses/lyon2/2004/salamon_j.
Full textPerocheau, Guillaume. "Comprendre la continuité d'un processus collectif d'innovation avec une théorie du véhicule : application au cas d'un projet collaboratif européen." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX24020.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to understand what makes the continuity of a collective innovation process. It is based upon three theorical fields : the innovation process theories (like the Actor Network Theory, the CK Design theory), theories that describe innovators aggregations (seen as networks or as communities) and Process Analysis, recently developed in the LEST laboratory, which proposes a set of concepts that can be used to describe and understand the temporal developing of social processes. Our research is empirically grounded in the case study of a European collaborative project in the electronic field. This case was followed during a participative observation during four years. Then, the collective data was coded for an explanatory interpretation. This work allows us to propose the following thesis : what explains the temporal continuity of an innovation process, its remanence to change, its ability to overcome obstacles, is the existence of a vehicle that holds the process. This vehicle is an assembling of social ingredients. These ingredients are of various types : individuals, organisations, technical tools, inscriptions, etc. This vehicle is changing due to motors effects. It allows a reasoning deployment because it's temporal coupling with past. We illustrate this theory using the metaphor of the Chistopher Colombus explanatory voyage. Finally, this thesis brings new proposals to existing theories describing collective innovation process, due to the fact that the vehicle theory restores the dialogue between the cognitive and the social sides of the innovation process. It also allows us to propose managerial recommendations dedicated to the innovation practitioners and to institutions in charge of implementing supportive policies for innovation
Jouison, Estèle. "L'opérationnalité du Business Model en contexte de création d'entreprise : recherche action sur le terrain des porteurs de projet de création d'entreprise." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40008.
Full textThe expression Business Model appaered in the mid-90's during the strat-up phenomenon. Largely employed by practitioners, the concept is not yet considered as a real research object by the academic community. This thesis uses the concept in Entrepreneurship and aims at answering the question. Is the Business Model and Operational Concept in the Firm Foundation Context ? The first part of the work tries to clarify the concept through the analysis of the existing works on it. The Business Model is about the value proposition of a firm, about how it is build, about the revenue models and the value exchanges with all the stakeholders. We also present our theoretical proposition based on three theories. The stakeholder theory and the resource-based-view allow addressing the question of the components of the Business Model, while the conventions theory helps understanding the nature of the Business Model, as a business convention shared by the stakeholders of a company. To answer the initial question, we choose to implement ourselves the Business Model with entrepreneurs through an action research process that implies both pratical and theoretical results. The Business Model appears as a convention related to the creation, the remuneration and the share of value
Gélinas, Justin. "Le design et l'expérience de marche des patients en environnement hospitalier comme leviers à la guérison : une recherche-projet en design." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69180.
Full textGaudet-Boulay, Jasmine. "Représentations mentales de soi et des autres chez des enfants ayant un trouble envahissant du développement : présentation d'un projet de recherche." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6919/1/030585951.pdf.
Full textGuillemet, Richard. "La gestion de projets fondés sur des connaissances scientifiques en voie d'émergence : le cas d'un projet de recherche relatif à un emballage biodégradable à base de biopolymères issus d'amidon de blé." Reims, 2007. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000704.pdf.
Full textThese last years, the project management knew a significant development as well by its use in various organizations and sectors as by the theoretical analyses which focus on it. The aim of this work is to show the difficulties induced by such a project management in projects based on the creation of new scientific knowledge likely to give birth to a new paradigm. Starting from the analysis of a research project relative to a biodegradable starch-based packaging, this work shows, firstly, that inherent uncertainty relative to the production of science limits the effectiveness of the project management. Indeed, knowledge to be created for the realization of a project becomes concomitant with the project itself but also with the kind of products and markets and thus with the actors taking part in the project. Consequently, it seems impossible to optirnize the triptych cost/time/quality. Secondly, it highlights that science-based projects are carried out in ex-ante unknown complex interorganisational configurations, which makes problematic any ex-ante constitution of the network in which the project will be managed. Moreover, these inter-organisational configurations require compromises making it possible the convergence of the different objectives and temporal horizons from the various actors taking part in this type of project. Consequently, the project management constitutes a rational myth, which is the result of making the bet to explore only one potentiality of the emergent paradigm whereas there are different ones
Cabaret, Sébastien. "Algorithmes de contrôles avancés pour les installations à gaz du Large Hadron Collider au CERN suivant le framework et l'approche dirigée par les modèles du projet Gas Control System." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0104.
Full textThis thesis highlights my final research results at CERN (European Nuclear Research Center). It deals with advanced control algorithms integrated for the 21 Gas System installations of the new particles accelerator named LHC (Large Hadron Collider). The process is enclosed into the strategic GCS project (Gas Control System): producing the overall control systems by recursive declinations via an automation production application. The controls equipments engage are industrials Programmable Logic Controllers combine with SCADA systems (System Control And Data Acquisition). In this context some advanced control algorithms are well adapted by its capability to comply with these typical needs: the Smith Predictor (dead time compensation), the predictive methods (robustness and convivial tuning), the RST controller (open structure and polynomial resolution) and the online parametric identification methods. The work presented is structured in four points. First, it deals with the synthesis of advanced control loop and identification methods for an industrial Programmable Logic Controller. Second, it exposes the implementation validity. Third, it develops the systemic use of advanced control loops in a large scale project build with two innovative methodologies: a framework of development and a model driven realization. Fourth, it concludes by providing to the Gas process experts a standard interface allowing an efficient use of advanced control algorithms
Orellana, Fernandez Rosa Pamela. "Le projet d'école et l'émergence de problématiques professionnelles dans la recherche de l´innovation : un défi pour la formation continue des enseignants." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100140/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the process of decision, execution, control and evaluation of educational projects in schools - les projets d'école - conducted by French primary education teachers. This research, geographically located in the department of Val d'Oise, was conducted under the principles of ethnographic research. The data collected was analyzed according to the precepts of the Grounded Theory Method. This allows describing the scope of teachers work when performing this mandatory task imposed by the Ministry of National Education since 1989. The teacher’s use of this obligation reveals many paradoxes. While for many teachers it is nothing more than a bureaucratic exercise, the project is also an opportunity to innovate pedagogically and install new forms of social interaction within the educational community. The main difficulty lies in the fact that the school project process brings to light a number of cross-cutting issues in which teachers do not feel competent. This motivates, in many cases, a series of initiatives, a kind of activism which teachers aren't able to later evaluate. The feeling of experimenting blindly not to feed the change process and leaves a strong professional frustration that declines motivation when teacher are to consider to engage in new activities. The educational project highlights the need for teachers to have professional tools, in order to both interpret the various aspects of the educational phenomena they face, and be able to build their own pedagogical and evaluative settings. The teacher’s autonomy is fare more than the mere institutional authorization to take action, it rather refers to the ability to understand their own work processes to improve the quality of learning and life at school. This thesis advocates the need to associate the continuous training of teachers to the actual activities - reflection and decision-making-that take place in the teacher’s workplace
Esta tesis aborda el proceso de realización, ejecución, regulación y evaluación de los proyectos educativos de las escuelas – les projets d’école - llevados a cabo por los profesores de la educación primaria en Francia. Esta investigación situada geográficamente en el departamento de Val d'Oise, se realizó bajo los principios de la investigación etnográfica. El conjunto de las informaciones recogidas fueron analizadas según los preceptos de la metodología fundamentada en los hechos. Esto permite describir el panorama de trabajo de los profesores a la hora de realizar esta tarea impuesta por el ministerio de la Educación nacional desde el año 1989. La utilización que los profesores hacen de este dispositivos revela numerosas paradojas. Si bien para muchos no es más que una actividad burocrática, el proyecto es también la oportunidad de innovar a nivel pedagógico y de instalar nuevas formas de interacción social en el seno de la comunidad educativa. La principal dificultad reside en el hecho que el proceso projet d'école saca a luz una serie de problemáticas transversales para las cuales los profesores no se consideran competentes. Esto motiva, en numerosas ocasiones, una serie iniciativas, una especie de activismo, que posteriormente los docentes logran apenas evaluar. El sentimiento de experimentar a ciegas y de no retroalimentar los procesos de cambio dejan en los profesores una fuerte frustración profesional y una consecuente desmotivación para emprender nuevas acciones. El proyecto educativo pone en relieve la necesidad de los profesores de contar con las herramientas profesionales que les permitan por un lado interpretar las distintas dimensiones de los fenómenos educativos a los que se enfrentan y por otro, ser capaces de construir sus propios dispositivos pedagógicos y evaluativos. La autonomía de los docentes es más que la autorización institucional para realizar acciones, ésta se refiere más bien a la capacidad de entender y volver inteligibles sus propios procesos de trabajo para la mejora de la calidad de los aprendizajes y de la vida en la escuela. Esta tesis preconiza la necesidad de asociar la formación continua de los profesores a las actividades reales - a la reflexión y a la toma de decisiones- que se llevan a cabo en el lugar de trabajo de los maestros
Lacroix, Jonathan. "L’approche Urban Living Lab pour insuffler l’innovation en urbanisme ? Contribution à la conception d’une ingénierie de pilotage de l’innovation urbaine : application à l’Opération d’Intérêt National d’Alzette Belval." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0185.
Full textThe urban development project is confronted with increasingly complex territorial and urban problems. How then can we enrich or even renew practices by experimenting with new configurations of actors, methods and tools? Solutions will be sought here in the field of urban innovation, which covers a wide range of initiatives, including method innovation in urban planning. In this theoretical and operational context calling for experimentation, the research approach followed aims to link the potential offered by certain innovative practices with the needs of urban planning. The Urban Living Lab project mode makes it possible to manage a multi-stakeholder and collaborative space and innovation process. The conduct of research and intervention in the context of the Alzette Belval National Interest Operation experimented with the integration of an Urban Living Lab approach into the governance, management and operational processes of an urban development project. This research work leads to the identification of the potential of the Urban Living Lab in terms of dialogue between the processes of project management of an urban development project and an innovation process producing actionable knowledge. Experience shows the ability of the Urban Living Lab approach to renegotiate the governance boundaries of the urban development project and to ensure that it is anchored in territorial governance
Poumo, leumbe Jean-Jacques parfait. "Les déplacés environnementaux : problématique de la recherche d’un statut juridique en droit international." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0066/document.
Full textToday, environmentally displaced persons are becoming more numerous. Their legal status poses several problems at international level. The notion of sovereignty faces to that of obligation to protect; assistance by international community after environmental disasters is becoming the standard. A diagnosis of current international situation, especially in the protection of refugees and in environment law, clearly shows the existing of legal vacuum. The creation of a new legal international instrument for protection of these environmentally displaced persons could be the solution if the social, economic, political and even ideological barriers did not exist. This thesis analyzes the concept of environmentally displaced persons through the problem posed by the research of their legal status in international law. We analyze with legal prospective method, proposed solutions presented by some academics which opens serious reflections for an effective instrument of protection
Angelescu, Georgiana. "Une analyse du processus d'apprentissage organisationnel dans un contexte spécifique : la gestion de projet (étude de cas sur l'entreprise Dacia - groupe Renault)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010063.
Full textVieren, René. "Pratiques pedagogiques et representations. Un projet de formation alternee, negocie avec des etudiants en s. T. A. P. S." Caen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CAEN1059.
Full textThe research-question comes from pedagogical questions about teacher education in physical education for students who mostly intend to be sports-teachers in secondary school or grammar-school. After evaluating his practice, the teacher-searcher undertakes to identify his students' representations when they are talking about lessons they prepare and teach. Three methods are used : - a correspondances factor analysis of answers questionaire about expectations for their education, - a classical analysis of contents with an original classifica- tion system allowing to compare students of three succesive years, - a qualitative analysis to identity the procedures and strate- gies of preparations and theaching. The searcher induces some hidden representations into the students teaching practices and the results are going to follow up activities