Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Protéines partenaires'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Protéines partenaires.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Antoine, Karène. "Caractérisation des partenaires protéiques d'OZF, protéine surexprimée dans des tumeurs digestives." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05S010.
Full textThe hOZF gene encodes a protein highly expressed in the majority of pancreatic cancers and in more than 80% of colorectal cancers. The OZF protein, composed solely of 10 zinc finger motifs, has the structural and biochemical characteristics of a transcriptionnal regulator. In order to determine the function of the OZF protein, we searched for OZF interacting factors with a yeast two-hybrid screen. Several proteins were isolated and two of them were studied : hUbc9 and hRapl. (. . . )
Dufour, Fabrice. "Identification des partenaires neuronaux des protéines STOP." Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10216.
Full textNeuronal microtubules stability is due to the effectors Early and adult neuronal microtubule-associated protein STOP (Stable Tubule Only Polypeptide). Its ability to bind microtubules is regulated by Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII). STOP null mice exhibit synaptic plasticity defects with depleted synaptic vesicle pools. At first, we studied the synaptic localization of phosphorylated STOP in hippocampal neurons : phosphorylated STOP staining is concentrated in spike-like structures in dendrites and in submembrane domains at branching points, and co-Iocalizes with cortical actin at these sites. It's also distributed in clusters and partially overlapp with pre- and post-synaptic markers. We found that STOP and phosphorylated STOP co-sedimented with F-actin in vitro. Phosphorylation of STOP by CaMKII is a candidate mechanism for its translocation from microtubules to actin. Ln the second part of this work, we looked for neuronal partners in vivo by a yeast two¬hybrid system. Three partners proteins were shown to interact with N-STOP : the protein Tctex1 (T-complex testis expressed 1), a light chain of the molecular motor dynein and also implicated in trafficking of neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) at presynaptic compartments ; the protein Arc (Activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein), implicated in post-synaptic plasticity mechanisms ; the protein Nsg2 (Neuron-specific gene 2) of unknow function. Then, we focused on Tctex1 and confirmed the interaction with STOP by biochemical
Lachapelle, Sophie. "Identification de nouveaux partenaires protéiques de la protéine WERNER." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28276/28276.pdf.
Full textGontard, Pierre. "Régulations et recherche de nouveaux partenaires des protéines SOCS." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4019.
Full textSOCS (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling) proteins are expressed in response to cytokines and hormones. Generally speaking SOCS exert a negative feedback on signaling pathways, which induce their expression. Thus, SOCS proteins are potent inhibitors of insulin signal and dysregulation of their expression and/or action could play a key role in insulin resistance and diabetes. During my PhD, I first identified microRNAs targeting SOCS-1, -2 and –3 mRNAs and potentially implicated in the regulation of SOCS expression. In addition, to specify the molecular mechanisms driven by SOCS proteins, I planed to define new partners of SOCS-3. Thus, I demonstrated that the phosphatase calcineurin interacts with SOCS-3 in vitro and in vivo. In transgenic mice expressing constitutively SOCS-3 in skeletal muscle, this association is illustrated by a colocalization of calcineurin and SOCS-3 leading to the delocalization and sequestration of calcineurin at the periphery of muscle fibers. In correlation with altered calcineurin function, a decreased locomotor activity is observed in transgenic animals. Since it was known that skeletal muscle is able to synthesize and secrete molecules, I wanted to determine whether constitutive expression of SOCS-3 in muscle could alter its secretive function. My analysis showed that whereas increased circulating levels of Interleukin-6 (partially produced by skeletal muscle) are detected in control animals under a high fat diet, no variation is observed in transgenic mice. My investigations brought new insights into the molecular mechanisms driven by SOCS and suggested a new role for SOCS proteins, beside their repressive function, as signaling molecule
Benleulmi-Chaachoua, Abla. "Etude des partenaires protéiques associés aux homodimères et aux hétérodimères des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T018/document.
Full textMelatonin is a neurohormone secreated by the pineal gland in a circadian manner. This hormone is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms, sleep, retinal physiology, seasonal reproduction and various neuronal functions. Melatonin exerts its effects through two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) called MT1 and MT2. GPCRs are known to form homo- and heterodimers, but the physiological relevance of these complexes remains a matter of debate. An increasing number of reports show that the function of these GPCR complexes is not restricted to the regulation of heterotrimeric G proteins but include also the regulation of other proteins like transporters and ion channels. Here, we report the formation of MT1/MT2 heterodimers in mouse retinal rod photoreceptors and show that the enhancing effect of melatonin on light sensitivity in these cells requires the activation of the heteromer-specific Gq/PLC/PKC signaling pathway. This study demonstrates the physiological relevance of GPCR heterodimerization.We next searched for new MT1 and MT2 interacting proteins in an unbiased manner by performing several proteomic and genetic screens. An interactome of 378 proteins was built. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of several presynaptic proteins (voltage-gated calcium channel Cav2.2, SNAP25, Synapsin and Munc-18) in the MT1 interactome. Presynaptic localization of MT1 and spatial proximity with presynaptic proteins was confirmed in mouse and rat brains. Among these potential partners, we show that MT1 physically interacts with Cav2.2 in CHO cell line and inhibits Cav2.2-promoted Ca2+ entry in an agonist-independent manner suggesting a regulatory role of MT1 in neurotransmitter release.Another proteins identified in the screens was the dopamine transporter DAT. Physical interaction of DAT with melatonin receptors decreased DAT cell surface expression and diminished dopamine uptake in HEK293 cell. Supporting this result we found using the in vivo model of melatonin receptors knockout mice a respective increase of dopamine uptake in synaptosomal preparations of the striatum of supporting the physiological relevance of these GPCR/transporter complexes. In conclusion, this report shows that GPCR interactome building provides new insights into receptor function, like retinal and neuronal functions of melatonin receptors in our case. Formation of GPCR/GPCR, GPCR/ion channel and GPCR/transporter complexes may have a reciprocal functional impact, on the activity of the receptor and interacting partners thus elucidating new molecular mechanisms cellular cross-talk
Dard, Amélie. "Décryptage des interactions moléculaires entre les protéines HOX et leurs partenaires." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1177/document.
Full textHox genes are present in the vast majority of the animal kingdom, and are required for the differentiation of several longitudinal axes during embryogenesis. There are also involved in the homeostasis of several tissues in the adult organism. Mutations affecting their expression and/or function are found in numerous human cancers.Hox genes encode for transcription factors that recognize short and highly similar DNA-binding sites. The direct interaction between Hox proteins and two evolutionary classes of cofactors, the Pbx and Meis proteins, allows them to recognize more specific DNA-binding sites. This interaction was first described to rely on a common short Hox protein motif called hexapeptide (HX). However, subsequent functional and molecular analyses showed that the HX motif could be dispensable for the interaction with Pbx and Meis partner in vivo. These results strongly suggest that Hox proteins could use different motifs to interact with the same set of cofactors. Such alternative motifs are unknown in mammalian Hox proteins.My thesis work is dedicated to the issue of the role of the HX motif and other short motifs in Hox-cofactor interactions. More particularly, I developed two main projects using human Hox proteins and cell lines derived from different tissues as a model system. My first project consisted in the systematic analysis of the interaction property of all Hox paralogs with the Pbx/Meis cofactors. This work revealed new Pbx/Meis-interaction interfaces in human Hox proteins. My second project consisted in establishing a new molecular screen to identify transcriptional partners of the wild type or HX-mutated human HoxA9 protein in different cell lines.Overall, my thesis work opens new perspectives into our understanding of the molecular mode of action of Hox proteins and their cofactors, in a normal or pathological developmental context
Qi, Haoling. "Interactions de la phospho-protéine neuronale Tau avec des protéines partenaires comme cibles thérapeutiques dans la maladie d’Alzheimer." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10129/document.
Full textTau has a central role in neurodegeneration and is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease development. It is found aggregated in neurons affected by the disease, typically in paired helical filaments (PHFs) constituted of hyper-phosphorylated Tau. Nuclear Magnetic resonance Spectroscopy is used to characterize Tau phosphorylation pattern, as well as to study Tau interactions with molecular partners. Analysis of in vitro phosphorylated Tau by activated recombinant ERK2(Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase2) with NMR spectroscopy revealed phosphorylation of 14 S/T-P sites among 16 such motifs, which has a similar phosphorylation pattern In vitro by rat brain extract, and both of phosphorylated Tau show similar ability to produce pTau filaments. In addition, Tau is ERK2 substrate to present multiple docking sites instead of one high affinity single D-site motif. Additionally, I have investigated the functional consequences of Tau interaction by ERK. Oligonucleotide sequences interact with [209-246] and [267-289] regions. I have shown that this interaction is abolished by Tau phosphorylation by ERK2. This study shows that the ERK2 kinase has the capacity by itself to phosphorylate Tau on many sites and that the resulting phosphorylation pattern increases pTau aggregation propensity. Moreover, ERK2 phosphorylation of Tau can lead to a loss of physiological function, such as its capacity to bind DNA. These results support the hypothesis that ERK activation might have a detrimental effect for Tau function and participate in AD physio-pathology
Métais, Jean-Yves. "Identification de nouveaux partenaires pour les protéïnes LAP humaines Erbin et hScrib." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11004.
Full textCarcinomas represent 85% of the cancer cases in the adult. Hence, they imply epithelial homeostasis dysregulation due to three types of genes: caretaker genes, oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes. A newly described protein family belongs to the third type. The lap protein family (for lrr and pdz domains) is conserved through evolution and is implied in the establishment and the maintenance of epithelial cell polarity. In the laboratory we are looking for the role of the human lap members in epithelial cells. A hallmark of the family is their subcellular localization mediated by the lrr domain of each member. We tried to decipher the molecular mechanism allowing the localization of erbin and hscrib to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells. Unfortunately, like others, we used numerous techniques to identify the binding partner(s) for the localization with no success. After reaching the basolateral membrane, lap proteins interact with components of the junctionnal complexes. We show in this report that an interaction exists between erbin and beta-catenin, a major protein of adherens junctions and between hscrib and zo-2, a cytosolic protein of the tight junctions. We characterized the modalities of these interactions and looked for their function in epithelial cells
Huard, Caroline. "Identification de CtBP1 et UNC5A comme nouveaux partenaires biochimiques des protéines fanconi." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23799/23799.pdf.
Full textChaumet, Alexandre. "Identification de nouveaux partenaires d'Ilf3 et de NF90, deux protéines aux ARN." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066385.
Full textHuard, Caroline. "Identification de CtBP1 et UNC5A comme nouveau partenaires biochimiques des protéines Fanconi." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18352.
Full textHodak, Hélène. "Les partenaires et interactions périplasmiques au cours de la sécrétion de l'hémagglutinine filamenteuse par la voie à deux partenaires chez Bordetella pertussis." Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL2S005.
Full textJoubel, Anita. "Analyse protéomique du suppresseur de tumeur p53 : modifications post-traductionelles et protéines partenaires." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10035.
Full textThe tumor suppressor protein p53 is involved in many signaling pathways and is the most frequently mutated protein in cancers. The mechanisms for the regulation of p53 activity involve post-translational modifications and partner proteins for which literature is phletoric and fragmentary. ln the present study, we have developed a proteomics approach, coupling immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, to investigate p53 post-translational modifications and protein partners. First, we sequenced the full p53 protein immunoprecipitated from the Cos-l cells. This lead to the identification and localization of several known phosphorylations on serine residues S 15, S33, S315 and S392 as weIl as several known acetylations on lysine residues: K305, K370, K372, K373, K381 and K382. Acetylation sites are being reported for the tirst time on monkey p53 from Cos-l cells on lysine 319,357 and 386. Second, we looked for partner proteins that can bind to p53 in non cancerous (MCFlOA cells) versus cancerous (MCF7) human breast epithelial cells. Our results report a series of putative interacting partners among which the serine protease inhibitor maspin. The complex between p53 and maspin was validated by westem-blotting, localized in the nucleus and found in the noncancerous MCFlOA cells only. The p53/maspin interaction could represent a new regulatory mechanism for the activity of p53
Verreman, Kathye. "Identification et caractérisation de nouveaux partenaires du facteur de transcription ERM." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10057/document.
Full textERM is an ETS transcription factor which belongs to the PEA3 group and is involved in several processes such as migration and dissemination during organogenesis and cancer development. Regulation of its transcriptional activity requires post-translational modifications and interactions with partner proteins. In order to identify new ERM partners, we have developed various affinity chromatography techniques to isolate new potential partners. Among these candidates, CoAA (CoActivator Activator), MED23 and MED25 directly interact with ERM.MED23 and MED25 are subunits of the mediator. The mediator is a 30 sub-units multi-protein complex which mediates signals from transcription factors bound at upstream promoter elements or enhancers to RNA polymerase II and the general initiation factors bound at the core promoter. We found that MED23 and MED25 interact with ERM in vitro and in vivo and are required for transcriptional activation induced by ERM. However, these sub-units display various ability to recruit the mediator on ERM in vitro. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-like protein CoAA regulates gene expression and RNA splicing. We demonstrated that ERM interacts in vitro and in vivo with CoAA. ERM transcriptional activity is enhanced upon CoAA overexpression and is decreased by CoAA knock-down. We demonstrated that CoAA modulates ERM transcriptional activity by decreasing sumoylated ERM levels. This work demonstrated new ways to regulate the activity of ERM and the two other PEA3 group members. The molecular mechanisms involved in the modulation of PEA3 member activity by these partners remain to be clarified
Hajj, Mariana. "Le récepteur orphelin GPR158 : fonction et partenaires protéiques." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON1T009.
Full textG protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are known to form the largest family of cell communication proteins, and to participate to all functions of the body, making them high potential therapeutic targets. However, lots of these proteins are still orphan receptors, for which no ligand, neither function have been described, although some could be of very high interest, like GPR158, a class C orphan GPCR. The seven transmembrane domain (7TM) of this orphan receptor was related to class C GPCR (GPR158 and GABAB share 20% sequence identity in the TM core region) but its N-terminal domain was not homologous to the typical Venus Flytrap (VFT) known to bind the ligands in most of class C receptors. Which suggests that GPR158 has developed different ligand binding mode. GPR158 is expressed mainly in the brain. Interestingly, the expression of this receptor has been found in many cells and tissues to be potentially regulated in pathological conditions, of which 50% are cancerous diseases. We thus intended to decipher its cellular function and partners, to understand its potential physiological and physiopathological roles. Initially, our goal was to determine the functionality of GPR158, and the possible signaling and cellular mechanisms it was involved in, by looking for some constitutive activity for this orphan GPCR, in the absensce of any ligand. Curiously, we could not detect any G protein coupling, like constitutive G protein stimulation by overexpression of wild type, mutated, truncated and chimeric receptors. This despite the residues of intracellular loops and TM domain, important for the G protein coupling and for the activation of other GPCR, which are conserved in GPR158. This suggests that GPR158 in itself might not have a signalization, and thus it would regulate the activity of other GPCR. Alternatively, GPR158 would have an original way of signaling to be discovered with more sophisticated techniques.Then, we tried to understand the role of three VCPWE specific motifs that we have identified at the long C-terminal (C-ter) domain of GPR158. These motifs are well conserved among different species and thus would play important functional roles. Therefore, we have shown that the third motif indeed binds G protein alpha o subunit, likely in active state. Interestingly, we have also shown that RGS7 that deactivated alpha o, interacts constitutively with the C-terminal domain of GPR158 upstream of VCPWE motifs. Thus, RGS7 would regulate the alpha subunit association with GPR158. Hence, GPR158 would act as a signaling regulatory platform, controlling G protein pathways by binding active alpha subunit and RGS7. This would be of great importance as a local signaling regulatory mechanism. Finally, to better understand the function and possible signaling pathways of GPR158, a proteomic analysis of multi-protein complexes built around the C-ter domain of GPR158, was conducted. After purification of the orphan receptor and its associated proteins by immunoprecipitation, the identification by mass spectrometry of GPR158 interacting proteins led to the identification of six potential new partners. Among them, four proteins, p53, PPM1G, SGT1 and SIRT1, are regulators of the p53 tumor suppressor protein widely known for its role as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of stress response genes, and two proteins, SIRT1 and TRIM58 are involved in cellular aging process. Therefore, GPR158 could be involved in transcription, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, proliferation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis and cell aging
Claret, Sandra. "Contribution à l'étude de la voie de signalisation Rho3/Rho4 au travers de l'analyse de partenaires physiques chez la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae : recherche du facteur d'échange (GEF) et analyse de Tos2p, partenaire de la GAP Rgd1p." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21105.
Full textThe Rho GTPases Rho3p and Rho4p are involved in polarized growth in the yeast S. Cerevisiae. Analysis of the GAP Rgd1p, a negative regulator of the proteins Rho3 and Rho4, led to the identification of the membrane protein Tos2. Upon acidification of the medium, Tos2p and Rgd1p in collaboration with the sensor mid2p activate the essential PKC cell survival pathway. Moreover, identification of Rom1p and Rom2p (two proteins acting upstream of the PKC pathway) as potential exchange factors for Rho3p and Rho4p respectively, shows that the PKC pathway and the Rho3p/Rho4p regulated pathway are coordinated. Finally, we showed that Tos2p, through its interaction with the GAP domain, seems able to regulate the function of Rgd1p upstream of Rho3p and Rho4p. Tos2p overexpression induced an increase in cell size that is probably related to a defect in the targeting of secretion vesicles
Berthet, Cyril. "Études des relations des protéines BTG-APRO avec leurs partenaires CAF1 et PRMT1." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T231.
Full textHo, Joël Rainui. "Analyse transcriptomique des cancers de la vessie : application aux protéines Rab et partenaires." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066024.
Full textBerdance, Elodie. "Caractérisation de nouvelles protéines, partenaires potentiels de BILBO1, chez le parasite Trypanosoma brucei." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0390/document.
Full textTrypanosoma brucei is a parasite found in sub-Saharan Africa and is responsible for sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana in animals. It is the source of serious health and economic problems because it kills livestock. Vaccination is not possible because of antigenic variation and current treatments are difficult to implement or have toxic side effects. For these reasons it is urgent to find new therapeutic targets in order to develop effective treatments. T. brucei has a single copy flagellum that emerges from the cytoplasm through a unique structure called the Flagellar Pocket (FP). This pocket is an invagination of the pellicular membrane and because it is the sole site of endo- and exocytosis, it is essential for parasite survival. At the neck of the FP there is a cytoskeletal structure: the Flagellar Pocket Collar (FPC) that forms a “ring” around the flagellum. The FPC consists of numerous proteins, including the first to be identified - BILBO1, which is necessary for FP and FPC biogenesis. A number of potential BILBO1 partners were identified. In this thesis I characterize two of these proteins: FPC5, a putative kinesin and FPC9, a putative synaptotagmin. I show that FPC5 localizes mainly in the basal body area, but also at the FPC. This protein is not essential for parasite survival although reduced FP segregation and growth phenotypes appear after RNAi induction. We are not able to prove its functionality, however I could show its motor domain is able to bind microtubules. FPC9 is found in the transition zone of the flagellum. However RNAi knockdown against this protein was not efficient, so we are currently unable to define a function for this protein
Gandji, Leslie Yewakon. "La voie SHP2 dans la tumorigenèse : étude des protéines partenaires CDCP1 et GAB2." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS057.
Full textSHP2 is a protein tyrosine phosphtase which regulates cell proliferation, mirgration and survival. It controls MAPK/AKT and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways activated by tyrosine kinase receptors. Germinal and somatic mutations in SHP2 lead to syndromes and neoplasia. We show a novel interaction between SHP2 and the protéine CDCP1. CDCP1 is a transmembrane protein which overexpression and tyrosine phosphorylation by SRC family kinases in carcinomas lead to an increase of the tumor cells metastatic properties. We also demonstrated that SHP2 regulates CDCP1 tyrosine phosphorylation level and its presence at the cell membrane.In a second part of this work, we focused on GAB2 anchor protein, which is one of the most important partner and substrate for SHP2. GAB2 is overexpressed in primary and metastatic melanoma. We show the presence of a regulation loop, involving GAB2 regulation by the transcription factor MITF, KIT receptor and its activation depending on GAB2, which controls MITF activation and melanoma cell motility.This thesis work demonstrate the presence of a novel partner for the protein SHP2 and of a new regulation pathway in melanoma cells
Baelen, Stéphanie. "Etudes structurales et fonctionnelles du système de sécrétion à deux partenaires HxuA/HxuB de Haemophilus influenzae." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10117/document.
Full textThe type V two-partner secretion system or TPS system is a system dedicated to the secretion of large proteins mostly implied in virulence. The secreted protein or TpsA protein crosses the outer membrane thanks to its membrane partner, the TpsB protein. The TPS systems are subdivided into two subfamilies, the FHA/FhaC and HMW1A/HMW1B subfamily, with few structural characterized, in which belongs the system HxuA/HxuB dedicated to the acquisition of extracellular haem in Haemophilus influenzae. My thesis focuses on the structural and functional study of HxuA/HxuB system. In that aim, HxuA/HxuB secretion system has been recreated in E. coli. HxuA N-terminal domain, HxuA301, and full length HxuB membrane partner have been produced respectively in the supernatant and in the outer membrane. After purification of these proteins, crystallogenesis assays have been realized. Crystals have been obtained for HxuA301 and HxuB. Only the HxuA301 structure has been determined with a resolution of 1,5 Å. HxuA301 presents a structure in right-handed β-helix with one extra-helix motif constituted a four antiparallel β-strands. Crossing between HxuA/HxuB and HMW1A/HMW1B systems has been realized and highlighted that HxuB is not necessary for the folding of HxuA301. Indeed, we succeed to solve the structure of HxuA301 produced in E. coli without HxuB (HxuA301-noB) which is strictly identical to the one of HxuA301. This observation supports the hypothesis that N-terminal domain of TpsA could act as a scaffold pour the progressive folding of TpsA protein once the cell surface reached
Cardone, Christophe. "Caractérisation structurale par RMN des interactions entre protéines du complexe polymérase du virus respiratoire syncytial et des protéines partenaires cellulaires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS586/document.
Full textHuman respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the main pathogen responsible for bronchiolitis. The RNA polymerase complex (RdRp) of hRSV, necessary for the replication of its genome, is composed at least of the catalytic subunit (L), its main cofactor phosphoprotein (P) and nucleoprotein (N), which encapsidates the viral genome. At the heart of my doctoral project was the dynamic and structural study of domains of the proteins N and P of the hRSV as well as of their interactions with several cellular proteins, mainly by nuclear magnetic resonance.Firstly, I studied a potential interaction between 2 domains belonging to the N protein and to the Tax1BP1 cellular protein involved notably in regulation of autophagy. Secondly, I undertook a structural and dynamic study of isolated hRSV-P in order to determine transient contacts within the protein and to obtain the three-dimensional structure of the P oligomerization domain. Last, I participated in the characterization of the interaction between the hRSV-P protein and the hRSV transcription cofactor hRSV-M2-1, and between hRSV P and the cellular phosphatase PP1α to map the contact regions
Stuhl-Gourmand, Laetitia. "Role de Naca et de ses partenaires moléculaires dans la différenciation érythroïde normale et pathologique des syndromes myélodysplasiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20661/document.
Full textThe erythropoiesis is a complex process that leads to the formation of 100 billion red cells per day. It is finely regulated to adjust the production of red blood cells according to oxygen needs of peripheral tissues. To understand the complex processes involve in the regulation of erythropoiesis, it requires the study of molecular actors such as the NACA protein (the alpha chain of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex), highlighted as a positive regulator of erythroid human differentiation. We have identified ERGIC-53 as a novel interactor of NACA. ERGIC-53 is a lectin mannose-specific membrane involved in the transport of glycoproteins from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) to the ERGIC compartment (Golgi Endoplasmic Reticulum Compartment Intermediate). We have shown that ERGIC-53 and NACA are involved in the regulation of trafficking of EPO-R. NACA may be also a negative regulator of apoptosis mediated by FADD. We investigated the role of NACA in early stages of myelodysplastic syndromes (ES-MDS) which have ineffective erythropoiesis due to apoptosis of erythroid progenitors. We have demonstrated that transduction of NACA in CD34 + progenitor cells from ES-MDS restores erythroid differentiation and increased survival of erythroid progenitors. Moreover, this study suggests that the level of mRNA NACA may be a new predictive marker of response to rhEPO treatment. In conclusion, our work highlighted that a molecule of the cellular machinery is involved in erythroid differentiation of both normal and ES-MDS CD34+ cells
Parissi, Vincent. "L'intégrase de VIH-1 : Etude structure-fonction, recherche de partenaires cellulaires." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR28892.
Full textHIV-1 integrase (IN) catalyzes a crucial step of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectious cycle. The viral DNA integration in the cellular genome constitute a very attractive therapeutic target which is not yet used for actual therapy. The retroviral IN and its interactions with other viral and cellular proteins in the preintegration complex (PIC) could be submitted to inhibition by therapeutic molecules. In order to better define these components, we have searched new potential targets inside IN and its cellular cofactors. For this purpose a cellular system, involving the yeast cell where IN activity can be monitored by a lethality, was used as a tool and a model for the IN study. Using this system we have characterized0 and non sequence specific endonucleolytic activity of the enzyme and proposed a new IN propriety linked to the cellular recomlbinaison mechanism. Then we studied the IN structure-function relation using the yeast system to select IN randomly generated mutants. Three revertants of the inactivated D116A IN were isolated and amino acid residues, involved in the multimerization and DNA binding crucial processes, were identified. Finally the yeast system was used to search cellular partners of IN. The functionality of the previously described interaction between IN and Inil, was confirmed and four new potential cofactors were identified. We focalized our work on the study of the interaction between the retroviral enzyme and the human chaperonin HSP60. The characterization of this interaction confirmed its role in the viral infectious cycle and the its potential using as a therapeutic target
El-Asmar, Laila. "Etude des interactions de CCR5 avec des partenaires cytosoliques et membranaires." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211160.
Full textDeux nouveaux concepts sont apparus dans la littérature au cours des quelques années qui ont précédé le début de notre travail. D'une part, il est apparu que les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G pouvaient interagir directement avec un éventail de partenaires intracellulaires et réguler de cette façon des cascades de signalisation indépendamment des protéines G hétérotrimériques. D'autre part, un nombre croissant de récepteurs se sont révélés capables de former des homodimères et des hétérodimères. Nous avons dès lors appliqué ces deux concepts à l'étude de CCR5.
Nous avons donc recherché de nouveaux partenaires de CCR5 par deux approches complémentaires, le double hybride et le « GST-pulldown ». Dans les deux cas, nous nous sommes focalisé sur le domaine C-terminal du récepteur CCR5, d'une part parce que la majorité des interactions mises en évidence pour d'autres récepteurs concernent ce domaine, d'autre part parce que l'extrémité C-terminale de CCR5 est conservée dans l'évolution et comporte différents motifs dont la relevance fonctionnelle a été démontrée. Par ailleurs, nous avons appliqués les techniques d’immunoprécipitation et de BRET pour étudier les phénomènes d’homodimérisation de CCR5, ainsi que son hétérodimérisation avec le récepteur apparenté CCR2b. Les conséquences fonctionnelles de ces interactions ont ensuite été étudiées.
Par les techniques de double hybride et de pull-down, nous n’avons pas pu identifier de nouveaux partenaires de CCR5. Seules des interactions non-spécifiques ont pu être mises en évidence. Malgré une recherche intensive menée par d’autres groupes, un seul nouveau partenaire de CCR5 a été décrit entre-temps dans la littérature.
Lors des études d'oligomérisation de récepteurs, nous avons mis en évidence la formation d'homodimères de CCR5 et CCR2b par des expériences d’immunoprécipitations et de BRET, ainsi que d'hétérodimères CCR5-CCR2b. Les conséquences fonctionnelles de ces observations sur la liaison de chimiokines, la signalisation et l'internalisation des récepteurs ont été étudiées. Contrairement aux données de la littérature, nous n'avons pas montré de coopérativité positive entre les récepteurs co-exprimés, quant à leur capacité à induire la libération de calcium intracellulaire. Par contre, nous avons mis en évidence une coopérativité négative en termes de liaison de chimiokines. Il apparaît ainsi que chaque dimère ne peut lier qu'une seule chimiokine, et qu'en conséquence, les ligands d'un récepteur peuvent entrer en compétition avec la liaison d'un traceur sur l'autre récepteur au sein d'un hétérodimère. Ces dimères de récepteurs apparaissent cependant comme dissociables, suite à la liaison d'agonistes ou de chimiokines induisant leur internalisation, car aucun phénomène de co-internalisation ne peut être mis en évidence. Ces observations, qui sont originales dans le domaine des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G, peuvent sans doute être généralisées à l'ensemble des récepteurs de chimiokines, voire à d'autres classes de récepteurs. Elles sont importantes pour l'interprétation de la pharmacologie des récepteurs dans leur environnement naturel, et sont susceptibles de développements importants permettant de mieux comprendre la structure des dimères, la dynamique de leur association, et les mécanismes d'activation des récepteurs en général au sein de leur structure dimérique.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation biologie moléculaire
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Cormeau, Jordan. "Recherche des partenaires protéiques et étude fonctionnelle de la région cytoplasmique des protéines BP-80 chez arabidopsis thaliana et helianthus annus." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30028.
Full textDrevensek, Stéphanie. "Caractérisation de nouveaux constituants du cytosquelette chez Arabidopsis thaliana : les protéines TON et leurs partenaires." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112069.
Full textThe plant cell cytoskeleton is involved in many growth processes, morphogenesis and differentiation. Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants allowed us to uncover new proteins and their partners, and to better understand mechanisms that govern microtubules (MT) and microfilaments (MF) dynamics. The tonneau and fass mutants show considerable morphologic alterations associated with abnormalities in organization of cortical MTs. TON protein is strongly conserved in plants, and has similarities with two human centrosomal proteins. We have shown that a GFP-TON fusion is associated to the cortical cytoskeleton. A yeast 2-hybrid screen had previously lead to isolation of TON partners: a centrin and of 12 large unknown proteins, specific to plants, sharing 5 conserved motifs and named TIM (TON Interaction Motif). We showed that some of these motifs are conserved in CAP350, a centrosomal protein. The TIM family comprises about 30 members in the Arabidopsis genome. Interestingly, a GFP-TIM1 fusion binds both MTs and/or MFs. We have identified the TIM1 MT binding domain, which corresponds to a highly basic region. In order to study the role of these proteins in plant development, genetic study of one sub-family of 4 proteins (TIM1 to TIM4) has been undertaken. Phenotype analysis of single, double and quadruple mutants show significant defects in development. Taken together, results suggest an involvment of TON and TIM1 proteins in the dynamics of cortical MTs and in plant development. TIM1 could also coordiantes the MT and MF networks during the cell cycle. The TIM family could be essential for spatial organization of plant cortical cytoskeleton structures
Peixoto, Paul. "Ciblage de l'ADN par de molécules antitumorales et modulation de l'activité des partenaires protéiques." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00322954.
Full textLes dérivés DB, retenus pour cette étude, sont des molécules synthétisées par les Prs David Boykin et David Wilson (Atlanta) qui se fixent sur des séquences spécifiques dans le petit sillon de l'ADN. Ainsi, le composé diphényl-furane DB75 se lie en monomère à des séquences riches en paires de bases AT, alors que le dérivé phényl-furane-benzimidazole DB293 reconnaît la séquence 5'-ATGA en dimère. Cette reconnaissance «séquence-spécifique» pourrait cibler spécifiquement des interactions ADN-facteurs de transcription impliquées dans la régulation des gènes et la prolifération cellulaire.
Dans cette optique notre travail a été de déterminer la spécificité d'interaction à l'ADN de nouvelles molécules et d'en évaluer leur distribution cellulaire afin de pouvoir, dans un second temps, étudier la modulation de la liaison à l'ADN de facteur de transcription après fixation des dérivés.
Ainsi, nous nous sommes tout d'abord intéressés à la distribution cellulaire des composés DB dérivant du DB75 et du DB293 afin de déterminer s'ils pénètrent efficacement dans la cellule et se dirigent vers l'ADN nucléaire. Les résultats obtenus valident ceux publiés précédemment (Lansiaux et al., 2002a, 2002b) et montrent le faible impact des modifications du corps polycyclique sur la distribution des composés DB. Ainsi, les composés diphényl-furanes substitués sur le cycle furane, pénètrent efficacement dans le noyau alors que seules certaines substitutions sur les groupements phényles empêchent la molécule de pénétrer dans le noyau. Les conséquences cellulaires sont surprenantes puisque ces derniers composés présentent une très bonne cytotoxicité. Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié la spécificité et l'affinité de ces dérivés pour l'ADN. Nous avons ainsi découvert de nouveaux ligands des sites riches en paires de bases AT et des séquences ATGA qui ont permis de compléter nos connaissances des relations structure/affinité de ces composés.
Afin de déterminer si cette famille de ligands peut moduler sélectivement l'activité de liaison à l'ADN de facteurs de transcription, un criblage en mode compétitif de l'activité de 54 facteurs de transcription a été réalisé avec le DB293. Pour cela nous avons utilisé une approche innovante basée sur le principe des macroarrays : les membranes Transignal/Protein/DNA array I. Nous avons mis en évidence l'inhibition de la fixation de Pit-1 et Brn-3, deux facteurs de transcription à domaine POU dont les sites consensus contiennent un site riche en paires de bases AT et la séquence 5'-ATGA. Cependant, la seule présence d'un site 5'-ATGA ne prévient pas l'inhibition de l'activité de liaison à l'ADN par le DB293 puisque le facteur de transcription IRF-1 présentant aussi un site 5'-ATGA dans son site consensus n'est pas inhibé par le DB293. Nous avons montré que le DB293 interagit en dimère aux séquences 5'-ATGA des sites consensus Brn-3 et Pit-1 mais pas sur celui de IRF-1.
En parallèle, un ciblage de facteurs de transcription associés de manière privilégiée à un cancer donné et se liant au même type de séquence que les composés DB a orienté notre étude sur le complexe de transcription PBX/HoxA9. Ce complexe protéique se lie à une séquence nucléotidique à la fois riche en paire de base AT et contenant un site ATGA. Les membres de ce complexe sont sur-exprimés ou transloqués dans bon nombre de leucémies aiguës myéloïdes, lymphoïdes ou de syndromes myéloprolifératifs. Des tests d'interaction protéine/ADN nous ont permis de sélectionner des composés empêchant la fixation de HoxA9 sur sa séquence ADN cible. Les premiers résultats prometteurs dans la cellule montrent une toxicité induite par nos dérivés sur des cellules dont la prolifération est dépendante de l'activité de HoxA9 alors que cette toxicité est moindre dans des cellules n'exprimant pas HoxA9. Des tests clonogéniques effectués sur des cellules de moelle osseuse transformées par HoxA9 montrent un effet antiprolifératif du composé sélectionné qui est plus important sur les progéniteurs les moins engagés dans les voies de différentiation hématopoïétique.
De plus, le criblage de nouvelles séries de molécules dicationiques a permis d'identifier 3 nouveaux composés, les dérivés DB1255, DB1242 et RT-29 qui se lient à des séquences originales riches en paires de base GC. Il s'avère que le composé DB1255 inhibe efficacement la fixation du facteur de transcription Erg sur son site consensus EBS.
Cette étude montre pour la première fois l'inhibition de la fixation de facteurs de transcription par les composés DB et ouvre ainsi de nombreuses pistes prometteuses dans l'inhibition spécifiques de facteurs de transcription impliquées dans des processus de tumorogenèse.
Choul-Li, Souhaila. "Le facteur de transcription Ets-1 : identification de nouveaux partenaires protéiques et étude du clivage par les caspases." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10099/document.
Full textEts-1 is a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Ets-1 proteins do not act alone on their target promoters but with a wide range of protein partners. Identifying novel proteins that interact with Ets-1 should permit a better understanding of the intrinsic functions of the Ets-1 proteins. For this purpose, we develop an affinity purification strategy of Ets-1 interaction partners using streptavidin pull-down assay. We thereby identified new potentials interaction partners consisting for a heterotrimeric complex of DNA-PK, made up of Ku70, Ku86 and DNA-PKcs. Then, we characterized the functional consequences of the interactions. These results have permit to identify a new regulation of its activity that could provide new clues to understand the diverse functions of Ets-1.In another study, we demonstrated that the majority isoform Ets-1 p51 is a novel cleavage substrate of caspase-3, an effector protease of apoptosis. Indeed, Ets-1 p51, but not the spliced variant Ets-1 p42, is processed in vitro and in cells undergoing apoptosis by caspase-3. These cleavages lead to the generation of three C-terminal fragments Cp20, Cp17 and Cp14 and a N-terminal fragment, Np36. The Cp17 fragment, the major cleavage product generated during apoptosis, inhibits Ets-1 p51-mediated transactivation of target genes, acting thus as a natural dominant-negative of the full-length Ets-1 p51 protein. These data suggest a novel mechanism of Ets-1 p51 regulation through its caspase-mediated cleavages and generation of a dominant-negative fragment, which may play active role during apoptosis
Poinat, Patrice. "Identification et caractérisation de partenaires cytoplasmiques associés aux sous-unités d'intégrine [alpha]6 et [beta]1." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13065.
Full textIntegrins are major receptors for the extracellular matrix and the deletion of the a6 integrin has unveiled a role for this subunit in the development of the murine nervous system. The integrin that is involved in this process is most probably the a6b1 laminin receptor, but it is so far not clear how this integrin acts during the development of the brain. It is particularly not known what type of junctions are formed and what kind of proteins are recruited at the cytoplasmic side of the integrin. For this reason, we set up a yeast two-hybrid assay where the screening of a 9. 5 to 12. 5dpc murine cDNA library enabled us to find new cytoplasmic partners for the a6B or b1A integrin subunit. The subsequent analysis of one of these new interactions between the cytoplasmic tail of the b1A integrin and a kinase called NIK (for Nck Interacting Kinase) confirmed the importance of this interaction in other systems (colocalisation by immunofluorescence in cell culture, coprecipitation, GST-b1 pull-down)
Haas, Muriel. "Protéines multifonctionnelles P3 et P6 du virus de la mosai͏̈que du chou-fleur (CaMV) : localisation subcellulaire et interaction avec d'autres partenaires protéiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13030.
Full textMultifunctional proteins P3 and P6 of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV): subcellular localization and interaction with other proteins. The main goal of my thesis was to study the mechanisms involved in the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, called viroplasms in CaMV-infected cells and to determine the intracellular localization of the ORF III product in order to determine its function(s) during systemic infection of the plant. The dense viroplasms, formed by the multifunctional P6 protein, correspond to inclusion bodies in which viral replication and morphogenesis take place. By cellular and molecular approaches, we found that the 83 N-terminal amino acids of P6 mediate P6-P6 interactions. Nevertheless, this domain is unable per se to form agregates suggesting that others domains of P6 and/or cellular factors are involved in this process. Moreover, we demonstrate for the first time that P6 has a nuclear localization and that it interacts with the import and export machinery of the cell. The P3 protein is also a multifunctional protein. We show that it plays a fundamental role in the transmission of CaMV by its aphid vector. It is also required for systemic infection of the plant. Its subcellular localization was studied using a CaMV genome encoding a P3 protein fused to a fluorescent tag, EGFP. This chimeric genome is infectious but unstable, because of the elimination of the EGFP encoding sequence during the viral cycle. Nevertheless, we found that P3 could form aggregates and that it was trapped inside the dense and the lucent viroplasms formed by CaMV P6 or P2 proteins, respectively. Finally, we show that P3 interacts with CaMV P6 protein but no function has yet been found for this interaction
Elkhatib, Razan. "Caractérisation de la lamina nucléaire et de ses protéines partenaires au cours de la spermatogenèse humaine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0203.
Full textThe morphogenesis of mature spermatozoa takes place during spermiogenesis, the last phase of spermatogenesis.This differentiation involves drastic changes in the nuclear envelope associated with profound chromatin remodelling.Our work was focused on the nuclear envelope of spermatids during human spermatogenesis.We have characterized, the nuclear lamina, a protein meshwork component of the nuclear envelope, and its protein partners potentially implicated in the linkage lamin-chromatin: LEM-domain proteins, LBR, chromatinien protein BAF and BAF-L.Our study revealed the exclusive presence of B-type lamins concentrated at the posterior pole of mature spermatozoaat the end of spermiogenisis and we have identified and characterised the testis-specific isoform lamin B3 in human.We have also discovered and characterized the lamin A2, a meiotic isoform expressed from the LMNA gene in human and mouse. By studying abnormal globozoospermic spermatozoa, we were able to identify BAF as a potential biomarker of spermatozoa nucleus immaturity.Moreover, we have identified the second loss-of-function mutation in the nuclear envelope protein SUN5 in three related patients, and thus demonstrated its involvement in the formation of the spermatozoa head-tail junction.Our characterization of the nuclear lamina and its protein partners during human spermiogenesis, provides a better understanding of its role in the differentiation of spermatids into spermatozoa, and provides a solid basis for future investigation of cases of male infertility related to nuclear anomalies
Planade, Jessica. "Etude du rôle des protéines partenaires de l'actine dans la mécanique des gels branchés de levure." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC285/document.
Full textIn this experimental work we tried to quantify the mechanical properties of yeast branchedactin networks with regard to their biochemical composition. Actin is a semi-flexible biopolymerthat is assembled as part of the cytoskeleton. Proteins partners of actin (ABPs) shape itsfilaments into different type of networks. Arp2/3 is a protein complex that has the propertyto generate branched actin gels. Growing branched actin networks are of particular interest forboth biologists and physicists because of their ability to generate forces necessary to many vitalprocesses such as endocytosis. Here we study in vitro the mechanical properties of such networks,and we focus on the role of one type of actin binding proteins, the crosslinkers. This family ofproteins appears to play a role in both the elastic, viscous and plastic properties of the gels. Weare able to quantify and to compare the impact of three different crosslinkers on branched actinnetworks in yeast.In order to conduct said study, we combined two powerful experimental methods. We used asuperparamagnetic particle-based mechanical measurement technique that was developed in thelab and allows quantitative, high-throughput measurements on very thin gels. And the networkswere reconstituted in vitro by functionalization of the magnetic particles with Las17, which hasbeen showed to activate Arp2/3 for the yeast by our biologist collaborator. We furthermoreworked on both yeast extracts containing all the ABPs of the Arp2/3 networks, and with setsof a few purified proteins, in order to combine a « top-down » (use of mutations in yeast toprevent the expression of protein(s) of interest) and a « bottom-up » (addition of a protein ofinterest in a simplified system) approaches
Jean-Alphonse, Frédéric. "Récepteur V2 de la vasopressine : à la recherche de partenaires d'interaction et d'outils thérapeutiques." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON13514.
Full textRaymond, Karine. "Implication de la protéine RotundRacGAP de drosophile dans la signalisation cellulaire dépendante des protéines Rac et Cdc42 et recherche de ses partenaires génétiques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10129.
Full textRothé, Françoise. "Identification des protéines FBP1 et FBP2 comme partenaires des protéines de liaison aux éléments riches en adénine et uridine (ARE) TIA-1 et TIAR." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210897.
Full textDoctorat en sciences, Spécialisation biologie moléculaire
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Saindon, Andrée-Anne. "Caractérisation des isoformes de la protéine SPAM1 (Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1) et identification de ses partenaires d'interactions dans les spermatozoïdes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27978.
Full textSperm Adhesion Molecule 1 (SPAM1) is a sperm protein that has a hyaluronidase activity in its N-terminus, aiding in the dispersal of the cumulus cells surrounding the egg. It also has a zona pellucida (ZP) binding activity in its C-terminus. Our previous studies showed that there are two potential SPAM1 isoforms that have a molecular weight of ~70 and 80 kDa in the bovine species. From these studies, we hypothesized that these two SPAM1 isoforms had different C-terminal domains, different origins (testis or epididymis) and were localised in the acrosomal or post-acrosomal regions of spermatozoa. Seeing as it is the C-terminal domain that is involved in ZP binding, we aimed to characterize the two C-terminal domains in order to better understand SPAM1’s role in gamete interactions. Although the 3’ nucleotide sequences were identical, two Spam1 transcripts varying by the presence or absence of 90 nucleotides (exon 3 of the Spam1 gene) were found in both testicular and epididymal tissues. During our studies, we also identified PH-20, a potential SPAM1 homolog. In order to determine if PH-20 is one of the two potential SPAM1 isoforms that is recognized by our antibody directed against the N-terminal domain, we attempted the production of a PH-20 recombinant protein, without success. We also sought to determine if SPAM1 is part of a multimeric protein complex involved in spermatozoa-ZP interactions, as reported in humans. Our results suggest that SPAM1 is associated with AKAPs, which are anchoring proteins abundantly found in the fibrous sheath of sperm flagella. Characterizing the SPAM1 isoforms, its homolog PH-20, as well as the multimeric protein complexes SPAM1 is part of, are important in order to better understand SPAM1’s role in gamete interactions.
Pattingre, Sophie. "Contrôle de la macroautophagie dans les cellules cancéreuses coliques humaines : rôle de la protéine hétérotrimérique Gi3 et de ses partenaires." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05S018.
Full textWarnier, Marine. "Rôle du canal calcique de type T, Cav3.2 et de ses protéines partenaires dans la tumorogenèse prostatique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10158/document.
Full textProstate cancer progression leads to an androgen-refractory aggressive stage. This is associated with an increased number of neuroendocrine cells overexpressing Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels. Cav3.2 channels promote the secretion of prostatic acid phosphatase and other mitogenic factors responsible for the proliferation of epithelial cells. In order to determine the role of T-type channels and to understand their regulation during cancer progression, the aim of this work was to identify proteins that interact with Cav3.2 channels and their role in physiopathology. First, we demonstrate that Cav3.2 channels are coupled with BK channels in prostate cancer cells. We show that both channels are involved in proliferation. Moreover, we show that accessory α2δ2, γ4 and β4 subunits, putative partners of voltage-gated calcium channels, are expressed in prostate cancer cell lines and prostatic tissues. We show that the α2δ2 subunit is more frequently expressed in cancerous tissues than in healthy ones, and that its expression increases with cancer grade. We propose that the α2δ2 subunit may be used as a biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, using in vitro and in vivo studies, we highlight the promoting role of α2δ2 on tumor growth and angiogenesis. In addition, we show that Cav3.2 and α2δ2 can associate in a protein complex and that α2δ2 can modulate the activity of Cav3.2 channels. However, our study also suggests that the role of the α2δ2 subunit in prostate cell proliferation could be independent of its association with Cav3.2. In conclusion, this work leads to a better understanding of the role of T-type calcium channel and its partners in prostate cancer
Nicol, Jérôme. "Nouveaux polyomavirus : épidemiologie et partenaires cellulaires des protéines mineures de capside du polyomavirus à cellules de Merkel." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR3803/document.
Full textPolyomaviruses are ubiquitous in the general population and in immunocompromised patients, and four are associated with disease. 0f these viruses, MCPyV is responsible for Merkel ceil carcinoma, and its involvement in human cancer has led to a renewed interest in the Polyomaviridae family. My thesis work has focused on the epidemiology of six new human polyomaviruses (MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9 and MWPyV). These studies have shown that these viruses are widespread in the genera population and that infection occurs in early childhood. We have also focused on cross-reactivity between phylogenetically closely related human and simian polyomaviruses. We have shown that there is cross-reactivity between sirnian virus LPyV and HPyV9 and between MCPyV and two chimpanzee viruses (PtvPyVl and PtvPyV2). However, these simian polyomaviruses do not circulate in humans. Moreover, in order to improve understanding of the cycle of MCPyV, we set out to identify the cellular partners of its proteins. This work was initially performed on minor capsid proteins VP2 and VP3. Screening in yeast two-hybrid identified cellular partners of VP2 and VP3. Interactions between viral and cellular proteins were then validated in mammalian celis by complementation assay using Gaussia princeps luciferase. Cellular patners of VP2 and VP3 are involved in ceil proliferation, apoptosis, NFkB and intracellular transport of the virus
Jean, Steve. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de nouveaux partenaires protéiques des kinases xPAK1 et xMLK2 chez Xenopus laevis." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25722/25722.pdf.
Full textDuvauchelle, Jean-Baptiste. "L' ADN polymérase mu (Pol u) : Mise en évidence d'une activité de réplication par translocation en présence d'une lésion AAF et recherche de partenaires." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13100.
Full textBouvrais-Veret, Caroline. "Étude des partenaires protéiques du transporteur de la dopamine et caractérisation des phénotypes nicotinique et dopaminergique des souris invalidées pour le gène de la protéine STOP." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002454500204611&vid=upec.
Full textIn a first part, I tried to characterize the interaction between the dopamine transporter and two protein partners : ACIII and sh2bp1. In a second part, I studied mice devoice of the microtubule protein STOP, which could represent a pertinent model of schizophrenia. Given the high prevalence of smokers among schizophrenics and the implication of dopamine in this pathology, I decided to study the nicotinic and dopaminergic phenotypes of these mice. Mutant animals show alterations in the density of some nicotinic and cholinergic components, locomotor hypersensitivity to nicotine and defects in associative memory, reversed by administration of choline, an alpha7 receptor agonist. In addition to anomalies in the density of some dopaminergic receptors, mutant mice show a hypersensitivity to cocaine and a behavioural sensitization to this drug. This new data reinforce the pertinence of this model and support further experiments to complete the characterization of this model
Thureau, Aurélien. "Analyse structurale par RMN des interactions de la MsrB de Neisseria meningitidis avec ses partenaires biologiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2005_THUREAU_A.pdf.
Full textMethionine sulfoxides (MetSO) are easily formed in proteins exposed to reactive oxidative species commonly present in cells. Structural modification and modulation of their activity are the consequence of the oxidation of the protein methionines. Their reduction, back to methionines, is catalyzed by methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr). These enzymes play a beneficial role in aging process but are involve in the virulence of some bacteria. Msr's are divided in two classes, named MsrA and MsrB, which display opposite stereoselectivities toward the sulfoxide center site. In this PhD thesis, we present studies of the conformational changes of the Neisseria meningitidis MsrB by NMR with the purpose of characterising the catalytic mechanism of the MsrB and of understanding the interaction between MsrB and its partners (MetSO and thioredoxin). From the 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of the reduced from of MsrB, we conclude that the predicted secondary structures are in agreement with those obtained from the X-ray data of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae MsrB. Interaction studies of MsrB with a sulfoxyde substrat show that the active site is not the only one perturbed by the binding. The two next intermediates which are formed along the reaction are a MsrB which possesses a sulfenic acid and a MsrB with a locally specific disulfide bridge. Studies of these two intermediates reveal a structural change during the protein oxidation. Specific interaction between Trx and the oxidized MsrB leads to the reduction of the latter which recovers its starting 3D structure
Pointud, Jean-Christophe. "Identification des partenaires des protéines régulatrices Bric à Brac 1 et Bric à Brac 2 chez Drosophila melanogaster : caractérisation moléculaire des protéines BIP1 et BIP2/dTAFII155." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF1MM10.
Full textStorez, Hélène. "Identification de nouveaux partenaires d'interaction des β-arrestines : 1-oligomérisation des β-arrestines : 2-Caractérisation de l'intéraction β-arrestine- Filamine A." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077098.
Full textβ-arrestins 1 and 2 (BARRIand I3ARR2) are two highly homologous proteins with multiple biological functions. First known as key regulators of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization and endocytosis, βARRs were shown more recently to act as scaffolding proteins for ERK1/2 and JNK3 cascades, to activate Src and to bind to ubiquitin ligases. In addition to their propensity to interact with multiple partners, βARRs might also auto-assemble to form oligomers, as suggested by the observation that both IJARR1 and visual arrestin, the isoform which is specifically expressed in the retina, form dimers in crystals. In a two-hybrid screen, based on the Sos Recruitment System and using a C-terminal truncated mutant of βARR2 as the bait, one of the preys corresponded to the C-terminal portion of βARR2 itself, suggesting that βARR2 might also form dimers in solution. To investigate whether βARR2 might function as a dimer in a more physiological context, we took advantage of the bioluminescence energy transfer (BRET) approach, which was developed recently to study protein-protein interaction in living cells. The cDNAs encoding Renilla luciferase (lue) and the yellow variant of the Green Fluorescent Protein (YFP), the BRET donor and accepter moieties, respectively, were fused 5' or 3' to the cDNAs of βARR1 or βARR2. Various appropriate combinations of the resulting constructs were transfected in COS-7 cells. A constitutive BRET was measured with βARR2 constructs. As expected for a specific non-random interaction between the BRET donor and accepter, BRET signals increased as a function of the BRET accepter concentration up to a maximal value (BRETmax), and constant BRET signals were measured when cells were transfected with increasing amounts of a fixed ratio of acceptordonor. Interestingly, significantly different BRETmax values were measured when the BRET donor construct (βARR2-luc) was co-expressed with fusion proteins in which the BRET accepter was located either at the N-terminal (YFP-βARR2) or the C-terminal (βARR2-YFP) extremity of βARR2, indicating that the βARR-2 dimer is oriented. A similar constitutive BRET was also measured for βARR1 and when the BRET donor and the accepter were fused to different UARRisoforms. These data are consistent with a model in which both βARR2 and βARR1 form constitutive homo-dimers in living cells and might also be engaged in constitutive hetero-dimers. Several important questions are still under investigation, such as the proportion of dimers versus monomers, the effect of GPCR activation on βARR dimerization, the potentially different biological function of monomers, homo-dimers and hetero-dimers
Poisson, Nicolas. "Les protéines issues du gène de la phosphoprotéine rabique : étude du trafic intracellulaire et identification de partenaires cellulaires." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066261.
Full textCinquin, Bertrand. "Etude dynamique en microscopie du rôle de Rab11a et de ses partenaires dans le recyclage des endosomes vers la membrane plasmique." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077046.
Full textEukaryotic cells have intra-cellular transport System to insure numerous functions linked to their integrity and ability to communicate with the extracellular medium. We can list the capture of extracellular molecules, regulation on transmembrane protein localized at the cell surface or communication between different intra cellular compartments. The thesis treats about the recycling and endocytic pathways dependent of the small GTPase Rab11a. This way is commonly studied with the help of the Transferrin Receptor protein (TfR), a transmembrane cargo protein. We used as a reference against another protein, a C-lectin naturally and exclusively expressed by epidermic Langerhans cells. Stability any Distribution of Langerin is strictly dependent of Rab1 1a. That is not the case for TfR. The greater part of this thesis is based on dynamic data analysis. Spatio-temporal analysis of these dynamics and their comparison has asked the build of standardized and automatized protocols (micro-patterning, ultra-fast TIRFm) and generation of process to treat data (PBED, classification algorithm, image J plugin for visualization, normalization procedure). Analysis and comparison of the dynamics for the last steps of recycling for Langerine and TfR to the plasma membrane give us the opportunity to decipher the roles and action sites of multi-molecular platforms around Rab11a (Rablla,RabllFIP2, MyosinVb) and so the impact of mutated forms of their constituents with great sensitivity to temporal and statistical features. In this model we were able to determinate the time to settle the exocytosis complex allowing vesicles fusion at the plasma membrane the membrane organizer role for such proteins by different measured behaviors of Langerine comparing to TfR. With Soleil synchrotron, the second part of this thesis have been done to elaborate a multi-modal probe allowing the correlative study of Langerine dynamics and Birbeck granules biogenesis by the use of fluorescence microscopies, TEM and Soft X Rays microscopy. First results and perspective are presented
Boulakirba, Sonia. "Étude des mécanismes moléculaires qui contrôlent l’interaction entre EFA6 et ses partenaires." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4081/document.
Full textThe small G protein Arf6 and its exchange factor EFA6 control numerous cellular processes such as actin cytoskeleton remodeling, vesicular transport and apico-basal cell polarity. They are also involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis. In this work we identify different mechanisms by which EFA6 interaction with its various partners is regulated. We have highlighted a direct interaction between the N-BAR domain of endophilin and the Sec7 domain of EFA6. We demonstrated that this interaction is regulated by the membrane curvature. EFA6 interacts and recruits endophilin on a flat lipid membrane whereas the protein complex does not occur in the presence of curved vesicules. We showed that endophilin stimulates the nucleotidic exchange activity of EFA6 on Arf6. Next we demonstrated that the catalytic activity of EFA6 is regulated by a negative feedback loop specifically mediated by the Arf6-GTP. We observed in the presence of Arf6-GTP a decrease of EFA6 catalytic activity and we showed that this effect was due to an interaction between Arf6-GTP and PH-C-terminal domain of EFA6. Finally we demonstrated an intramolecular folding between the C-terminal domain and the PH domain of EFA6 that controls the interaction of the C-terminus domain with various partners including β-arrestin and surprisingly the inactive GDP form of Arf6
Ahmad, Tanveer. "Inhibition de la protéine UHRF1 par les partenaires épigénétiques et les épi-drogues." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ089.
Full textUHRF1 is a nuclear protein that is in cancer cells. It plays an essential role in DNA methylation, promotes cell proliferation and inhibits the expression of tumor suppressor genes. TIP60 is an important partner of UHRF1 which participates in chromatin remodeling,transcriptional gene regulation and other cellular activities through its acetyltransferase activity. Both proteins are involved in regulating the activity and stability of important proteins such as DNMT1 and p53. The purpose of this thesis was to study the interaction mechanism of TIP60 with UHRF1 and to explore the effect of over expression of TIP60 inthe regulation of UHRF1 expression. Another objective was to identify and develop UHRF1inhibitors that could target its activity. To achieve these objectives, we used different approaches, including biological and biophysical techniques. The results revealed thatUHRF1 interacts with the MYST domain of TIP60 during the S phase of the cell cycle. The over expression of TIP60 induces the degradation of UHRF1 (an oncogene), in a poly-ubiquitination dependent way, explaining in parts its tumor suppressing role. In addition, an anthraquinone UHRF1 inhibitor was found. This molecule inhibits the flipping activity of methylated cytosine produced by SRA domain of UHRF1. It also altered theUHRF1/DNMT1 interaction and reduced global methylation levels