Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PRWs'
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Heintz, Erik, Josefine Jönsson, and Josefin Virdeborn. "Pris, pris, pris, kaffe och sedan miljö : Miljöarbete, för vem?" Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-726.
Full textVi vill med denna uppsats undersöka och belysa hur företagens miljöarbete ser ut. Vidare kommer vi att beskriva och förklara hur miljöarbetet redovisas och vem det riktas till.
Miljöproblemen runt om i världen blir mer och mer uppmärksammade, vilket har lett till att såväl privatpersoner som företag har förstått innebörden av sitt handlande. Denna insikt har inneburit att företagen har börjat ifrågasätta sitt miljöarbete och hur detta ska redovisas. Eftersom det i dagsläget saknas konkreta regler för detta ser arbetet och redovisningen mycket olika ut. Det går att diskutera om ett välutvecklat miljöarbete kan leda till fördelar för företaget.
Studien baseras på ett hermeneutiskt förhållningssätt med en deduktiv ansats. Datainsamlingen har en kvalitativ karaktär, vilken grundar sig på nio intervjuer med elva respondenter.
I de valda företagen ser såväl miljöarbetet som redovisningen av detta olika ut, vilket främst beror på den begränsade lagstiftningen. Vi anser att redovisningen bör utökas, för att på så sätt uppfylla intressenterna krav. Ett välutarbetat miljöarbete kan leda till konkurrensfördelar, dock anser vi inte att enbart en miljöcertifiering kan medföra sådana fördelar och den innebär inte heller ett större miljöengagemang, än för ett icke certifierat företag.
Beroende på vilken typ av företag, är det olika intressenter som påverkar miljöarbetet. I tjänsteföretag menar vi att det är medarbetare och kunder som ställer högst krav, medan det är myndigheter och ägare i tillverkande företag. Det räcker inte att enbart uppfylla intressenternas ställda krav, utan ett utökat socialt ansvarstagande är också önskvärt.
Trots att miljödebatten i samhället är uppmärksammad, kunde vi konstatera att en produkts inverkan på miljön spelar mindre roll vid inköp. Det är fortfarande priset som avgör.
Levin, Rebecca, and Ida Nilsson. "Miljöpartiet : Maktens pris." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28387.
Full textOoi, Robert. "The promise of PRTs." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2010. http://worldcat.org/oclc/650075659/viewonline.
Full textOlvén, Anna. "Fast pris på lantmäteriförrättningar." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-702.
Full textLundberg, Erika, and Petra Jonsson. "Skönhetens pris : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2126.
Full textМатущак, А. М. "Bitcoin: pros and cons." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10731.
Full textStrihed, Matilda, and Lisa Woldmar. "Umgänge till varje pris?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26411.
Full textThe purpose of the study was that from a caring and participation perspective to analyze the assessment of the best interests of the child regarding visitation matters, in cases where a parent used violence against the other parent. The purpose is broken down into three main questions; What does the best interests of the child mean to the professionals who gets in contact with children who have witnessed violence? What does witnessing violence mean to the professionals and how is this taken into account by those who work with children? How much influence considers the professionals that the child should be given in the processes that affect them? In order to answer our purpose we performed seven interviews with professionals who, through their work meet children who have witnessed violence, and are more or less in direct contact with the decision regarding visitation between children and a violent parent. The material was then analyzed based on current laws, earlier research, as well as childhood sociology and ladder of participation.Our result showed that the professionals found that the child’s best interest was to have contact with both parents. They had a broad idea of what the concept witnessed violence included, but this were not considered in the practical work. Our results also showed that there are different factors that play into how much the child was involved.
Einarsson, Monica, and Marie Johansson. "Inkludering - till varje pris?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27391.
Full textDagne, Carl. "Implementering av tillståndsmaskiner med PRBS." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1841.
Full textTillståndsmaskiner är vanliga komponenter i många digitala konstruktioner. En vanlig typ av tillståndsmaskin är räknare. Räknare är ofta ganska kostsamma att implementera, med avseende på antalet grindar. För att reducera denna kostnad kan istället en PRBS (Pseudo Random Binary Sequence) användas. Denna byggs upp av ett register där en xor - operation utförs mellan två positioner, som beror på längden av registret. Resultatet från denna operation skiftas sedan in i registret. På detta sätt fås en till synes slumpmässig sekvens. Talen är dock inte på något sätt slumpmässiga utan kan hela tiden förutsägas. I detta examensarbete har en undersökning för att konstruera en billig tillståndsmaskin med hjälp av PRBS:er gjorts i MatLab. Tre olika program har skrivits för att beräkna olika kostnader vid implementering av en tillståndsmaskin.
Finite state machines are common components in digital designs. A common type of finite state machine is a counter. Counters are often quite expensive to implement, with respect to the number of gates. To reduce this cost, a PRBS (Pseudo Random Binary Sequence) can be used. It is constructed of a register where a xor - operation is performed between two positions, which depend on the length of the register. The result from this operation is then shifted back into the register yielding a random-like sequence. The numbers are not random, but can always be predicted. In this thesis work finite state machine using PRBS are designed in MatLab. Three different programs have been written to calculate the costs for implementation of a PRBS.
Hidenfalk, Maria. "Barnets bästa : till vilket pris?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-65053.
Full textFagerberg, Klas, and Aroa Issa. "Miljövänligare frakt - Till vilket pris?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-73952.
Full textThe world trade is increasing rapidly and so is the amount of transportation. With help of the internet it is now easier than ever to order a product which will be sent from the other side of the world. This study aims to investigate to which extent consumers consider what effects their behaviour will have on the environment and how interested they are in protecting the environment when ordering products by paying a higher price for a more environmentally friendly transport. This is done by conducting four interviews with customers of different age and asking questions about their attitudes towards a more expensive and environment friendly transport. More specifically, questions were asked about how much more they would be willing to pay for that kind of transport. Furthermore, questions were asked about what they know about the work that is being done and has been done to reduce the effects on the environment caused by shipping. The result shows that they are willing to pay a higher price for a more environmentally friendly transport. For this to be possible the price needs to be affordable and they need to have a trust in the company offering this kind of transport. There are differences among the interviewed persons in how much they are willing to pay depending on what product they are buying and what the cost is for the original transport cost. This study also shows that the respondents have a very limited knowledge about the work that is being done and has been done to benefit the environment within the shipping business.
Bokström, Mattias. "Prediktion av pris av stråkinstrument." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105491.
Full textStenfors, Fredrik, and Michael Sundberg. "KonsulterSamspelet mellan faktorer och pris." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-125058.
Full textDinitc, R. "Pros and cons of globalization." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48984.
Full textO, Goncharenko T. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PROS AND CONS." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/28073.
Full textMagalhaes, Ana Cristina Ribeiro. "Internalização e tráfego de PrPs." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SMOC-6XLP4M.
Full textA proteína prion celular (PrPsen ou PrPc) é uma proteína expressa em vários tipos celulares, especialmente em neurônios. Esta proteína apresenta uma estrutura rica em alfa hélices, no entanto pode sofrer uma mudança de conformação secundária gerando uma isoforma conhecida como PrPres (ou PrPsc). Esta isoforma apresenta uma estrutura predominante de folhas beta e adquire a capacidade de se associar formando amilóides, bem como resistência a tratamento com proteases. Através de um mecanismo biológico ainda pouco esclarecido, PrPres é capaz de promover a conversão de moléculas de PrPsen para PrPres. A formação e deposição de agregados insolúveis de PrPres no sistema nervoso estão relacionados a uma série de doenças neurodegenerativas raras e fatais. A internalização e tráfego intracelular destas isoformas podem revelar informações importantes sobre o papel fisiológico de PrPsen, bem como os mecanismos de infecção e propagação de PrPres entre células. Interessados nestes mecanismos, nosso grupo construiu uma versão da proteína prion celular ligada a green fluorescent protein (GFP) para monitorarmos a distribuição, endocitose e tráfego desta proteína em células neuronais SN56 vivas. Células SN56 expressando esta proteína de fusão (GFP-PrPc) apresentaram a fluorescência distribuída pela membrana plasmática e em compartimentos intracelulares próximos ao núcleo, de maneira similar a proteína endógena. GFP-PrPc foi internalizada e direcionada para uma região perinuclear na presença de cobre, indicando um papel importante deste íon na fisiologia de PrPc. Um mutante de deleção N-terminal (aminoácidos 32 a 121) ligado a GFP apresentou maior acúmulo na membrana plasmática e menor concentração na região perinuclear, sugerindo uma deficiência na endocitose. Além disso, o cobre não foi capaz de induzir a endocitose deste mutante, indicando que a região N-terminal é importante para a endocitose constitutiva e induzida por cobre de PrPc. Experimentos de dupla marcação indicaram que a região perinuclear positiva para GFP-PrPc era constituída de endossomas de reciclagem e Golgi. O mecanismo de endocitose de GFP-PrPc também foi avaliado e a endocitose constitutiva e induzida por cobre de GFP-PrPc foi dependente de dinamina I. Células expressando o fragmento C terminal da proteína AP180, que compete com a proteína endógena responsável pelo recrutamento de clatrina para a membrana plasmática, xiv apresentam 75% de inibição da endocitose dependente de clatrina. Nestas células, a endocitose constitutiva de GFP-PrPc não sofreu alteração e a induzida por cobre apresentou uma inibição parcial, sugerindo que o mecanismo de endocitose de GFPPrPc é complexo, podendo envolver tanto um mecanismo dependente como independente de clatrina. Provavelmente, o mecanismo independente não envolve caveolae, já que não pudemos detectar caveolina, um marcador para caveolae, em células SN56. Nós também avaliamos a internalização e tráfego de PrPres usando diferentes cepas de PrPres conjugadas à molécula fluorescente alexa568. Células SN56 foram capazes de processar agregados da cepa de PrPres Chandler de camundongo distribuindo a fluorescência em vesículas espalhadas pelo citoplasma e neuritos. Outras cepas de PrPres, 263K e 87V, não foram processadas e internalizadas com a mesma eficiência em células SN56. As células incubadas com Chandler PrPres foram capazes de produzir novas moléculas de PrPres, indicando que estavam infectadas persistentemente, enquanto as cepas 263K e 87V não foram capazes de infectar estas células. Estes dados mostram que a endocitose e tráfego de PrPres foram coincidentes com a infecção das células, sugerindo que as vias utilizadas por PrPres para internalizar e trafegar na célula podem ter importância neste processo. As vesículas de Chandler PrPres colocalizaram com marcadores para endossomas tardios e lisossomas (dextran e lisotracker) e não colocalizaram com marcadores da via clássica de clatrina (transferrina) ou vesículas provenientes de endocitose por lipid rafts (toxina da cólera) indicando que após internalização provavelmente por um mecanismo independente de clatrina ou rafts, Chandler PrPres é direcionado para organelas acídicas. A expressão do mutante constitutivamente ativo de Rab 7 (GFPRab7 Q67L) confirmou que PrPres está presente em endossomas tardios e lisossomas no corpo e neuritos. Em neuritos, Chandler PrPres não colocalizou com GFP-VAChT, um marcador de vesículas sinápticas. Experimentos com outra linhagem celular (N2a) persistentemente infectada por PrPres indicaram alteração na formação de PrPres na presença de mutantes de Rab 7. Estes dados com Rab7 em SN56 e N2a infectadas sugerem que o tráfego de PrPres pelos endossomas tardios e lisossomas pode ter uma participação no processo de formação de novas moléculas de PrPres.
Andersson, Eidelöf Carl-Oscar, and Niklas Nilsson. "Högt pris hög kvalitet? : En empirisk analys av sambandet mellan pris och kvalitet på konsumentvaror." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-23686.
Full textAlmeida, Bruno Rotta. "Cem anos de pris?o : uma an?lise comparativa da popula??o carcer?ria da casa de corre??o e do pres?dio central de Porto Alegre no intervalo de um s?culo." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4872.
Full textA disserta??o trata de uma an?lise comparativa e hist?rica da popula??o carcer?ria de Porto Alegre no distanciar de um s?culo. O objetivo do trabalho est? circunscrito aos dados averiguados no per?odo de 1907 a 1918, correspondentes ? antiga Casa de Corre??o de Porto Alegre, e aos indicadores do Pres?dio Central de Porto Alegre, relativos a novembro de 2010. O estudo proposto tenta observar as principais caracter?sticas da popula??o prisional nos dois momentos hist?ricos distintos, a fim de apontar, por meio de uma abordagem criminol?gica e refletiva da confronta??o de dados, aproxima??es ou distanciamentos verificados nesse embate, bem como buscar desvendar que influ?ncias ou inger?ncias podem ser extra?das da an?lise de dados ajustada aos contextos hist?rico-sociais. Para tanto, inicialmente, a disserta??o realiza o estudo do panorama hist?rico e jur?dico do Rio Grande do Sul no in?cio do s?culo XX; aponta, tamb?m, as influ?ncias dogm?ticas externas e os discursos criminol?gicos dominantes na ?poca. Ap?s, o trabalho realiza um breve estudo sobre o surgimento da pris?o; este estudo permite melhor examinar a Casa de Corre??o de Porto Alegre e o ingresso de presos em meados do in?cio do s?culo XX. Em seguida, este ensaio faz um exame do contexto social e pol?tico do Rio Grande do Sul contempor?neo, bem como do atual panorama jur?dico; enfim, analisa os dados sobre a popula??o prisional do Pres?dio Central de Porto Alegre. Ao final, a disserta??o compara os dados da Casa de Corre??o (1907- 1918) e do Pres?dio Central (2010) e faz uma an?lise criminol?gica de cem anos de encarceramento no Rio Grande do Sul.
Cappellari, Mariana Py Muniz. "Do passado ao presente do PCPA : as viola??es de direitos humanos na execu??o penal e o papel da OEA." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4938.
Full textThis dissertation, linked to the area of concentration Penal System and Violence, line - Criminal Legal Systems Research Contemporary, had the intention to approach the structuring of the PCPA, his past to his present, to pay attention to the human rights violations that then comes to criminal enforcement, as well as seeking to identify what is the role of the OAS in this context, given representation, with specific with PCPA, addressed to the Inter- American System of Human Rights Protection . Thus, at first we demonstrate how it originated the PCPA, which were their purposes, the intended recipient, and stood structured, even before the lack of jobs versus prison population, until we get to your current situation. Subsequently, we discus about the problems generated in the criminal enforcement on the repeated violation of Human Rights. Therefore, it proved necessary to address the state of the art Human Rights in Constitutional sphere. Traced, then the conceptualization between Human Rights and Fundamental Rights, entering itself in some constitutional principles applicable to criminal enforcement, which proved to be of paramount importance, because while the object contrast, allowed to verify in a timely species of human rights violations originated, such as overcrowding, loss of internal control and dominion of PCPA factions; precariousness of health care, material assistance withheld; absence of conditions of work , study, and other instruments of rehabilitation; supply conditions; magazine and conjugal visits, in addition to the damage to so-called benefits enforceable. We conclude, at this point, the confirmation of human rights violations, as well as the ineffectiveness of the law as a response. Thus, we then develop some considerations about the representation sent to the CIHR: If PCPA and structuring of the Inter-American Human Rights System, in order to raise the possible routes to be followed by representation through the analysis of the ACHR, in its role assertion of rights as well as on its incorporation into domestic constitutionalism. Still, we see the process, the roles and responsibilities of the Commission and the Court, the alleged representation, even bringing into play specific jurisprudence on the matter. Finally, we present the advances possible even if not accepted the representation in terms of visibility of a reality so important, considering, at this point, the need for a flexible concept of sovereignty, as well as posture and will state when it comes to compliance with decisions issued by International Systems of Human Rights Protection. Finally, we conclude that given the existence of a substantial body of legislation on the matter, based on the national or international law, as well as confirmed the human rights violations based on criminal enforcement, and even considering the lack of coercion by higher part of the Inter-American System of Human Rights Protection, regarding the compliance with its decisions, urges a shift in the construction of the mindset of the actors and operators of the penal system, given that it is only through them that the system operates, and which may pursue a criminal enforcement fairer and more human.
A presente disserta??o, vinculada ? ?rea de concentra??o Sistema Penal e Viol?ncia, linha de pesquisa Sistemas Jur?dico-Penais Contempor?neos, teve por intuito abordar a estrutura??o do PCPA, do seu passado ao seu presente, a fim de atentar para as viola??es de Direitos Humanos que da? adv?m ? execu??o penal, bem como, buscando apontar qual ? o papel da OEA, nesse contexto, haja vista Representa??o, no que diz especificamente com o PCPA, endere?ada ao Sistema Interamericano de Prote??o de Direitos Humanos. Dessa forma, num primeiro momento demonstramos como se originou o PCPA, quais eram os seus fins, a quem se destinava, como se encontrava estruturado, inclusive diante a aus?ncia de vagas versus popula??o carcer?ria, at? chegarmos a sua situa??o atual. Posteriormente, discorremos acerca dos problemas gerados na execu??o penal diante a reiterada viola??o de Direitos Humanos. Para tanto, revelou-se necess?rio abordar o estado da arte dos Direitos Humanos na esfera Constitucional. Tra?amos, ent?o, a conceitua??o entre Direitos Humanos e Direitos Fundamentais, ingressando propriamente em alguns princ?pios constitucionais aplic?veis ? execu??o penal, os quais se revelaram de suma import?ncia, porque enquanto objeto de contraste, permitiram verificar de forma pontual as esp?cies de viola??es de Direitos Humanos originadas, tais como: superpopula??o carcer?ria; perda do controle interno e do dom?nio do PCPA pelas fac??es; precariedade da assist?ncia ? sa?de; assist?ncia material sonegada; aus?ncia de condi??es de trabalho, estudo e outros instrumentos de reabilita??o; as condi??es de alimenta??o; a revista e visitas ?ntimas; para al?m dos preju?zos aos chamados benef?cios execut?rios. Conclu?mos, nesse ponto, pela confirma??o das viola??es de Direitos Humanos, bem como da inefic?cia do direito interno como resposta. Dessa forma, passamos, ent?o, a tecer considera??es acerca da Representa??o encaminhada ? CIDH: Caso PCPA e estrutura??o do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, a fim de suscitar os poss?veis caminhos a serem trilhados pela Representa??o, atrav?s da an?lise da CADH, no seu papel de afirma??o de direitos, bem como diante a sua incorpora??o ao constitucionalismo interno. Ainda, verificamos o processo, as fun??es e a compet?ncia da Comiss?o e da Corte Interamericana, quanto ? alegada Representa??o, inclusive, trazendo ? cola??o jurisprud?ncia espec?fica a respeito da mat?ria. Adiante, apresentamos os avan?os poss?veis mesmo se n?o acolhida ? Representa??o, em termos de visibilidade de uma realidade t?o importante, haja vista, nesse ponto, a necessidade de flexibiliza??o do conceito de soberania, bem como de postura e vontade estatal no que diz com o cumprimento das decis?es proferidas pelos Sistemas Internacionais de Prote??o dos Direitos Humanos. Por fim, conclu?mos que diante a exist?ncia de um farto arsenal legislativo sobre a mat?ria, em sede de direito interno ou internacional, bem como confirmadas as viola??es de Direitos Humanos em sede de execu??o penal, e, ainda considerando a car?ncia de uma coer??o maior por parte do Sistema Interamericano de Prote??o dos Direitos Humanos, no que tange ao cumprimento das suas decis?es, urge uma virada na constru??o da mentalidade dos atores e operadores do sistema penal, haja vista que ? apenas atrav?s deles que o sistema opera, e que se poder? buscar uma execu??o penal mais justa e humana.
Berg, Erik. "Interaktionens pris : Mot en ny konstkritik." Thesis, Södertörn University College, The School of Culture and Communication, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1035.
Full textThe paper discusses the problems contemporary Swedish art criticism faces when judging performance art and interactive art. Problems include among others that performance art is collectively ignored in Swedish newspaper art criticism. This prevents art critics from fair contextualising of contemporary performance art. Down in the rabbit hole, performance by Tris Vonna-Michell and its reception exemplifies these problems. Performance and interactive art seems to be disturbing art critics. Works of art which demands the viewer to take active part in its realisation makes it hard – not to say impossible - to maintain an objective point of wiew. Objectivity has been a condition to be able to judge a work of art since Kant’s theories 1791. In order to isolate all the problems concerning performance art and interactive art, the conditions of contemporary Swedish newspaper art criticism are described. To show that the general conditions and its problems have been discussed earlier, the paper also includes the latest big debate about Swedish art criticism. The paper shows that the problem for art critics to remain objective and independent from the work of art presented is not exclusive for performance and interactive art. It is an emblematic problem for Swedish art criticism 2006. This problem includes economic and careerist opportunities witch makes it hard for Swedish art critics to remain independent.
Innala, Jonas, and Linus Jansson. "Pris som kvalitetsindikator : – En experimentell studie." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1875.
Full textDet kan vara svårt att som konsument bedöma en produkts kvalitet på objektiva grunder. När sådan osäkerhet uppstår fungerar ofta produktens pris som en lättillgänglig och lättföståelig
kvalitetsindikator. En lågt prissatt produkt uppfattas då ha låg kvalitet, medan en högt prissatt produkt uppfattas besitta hög kvalitet.
Detta är en kvantitativ studie där vi gjort ett experiment med 126 studenter vid Umeå Universitet i syfte att kartlägga relationen mellan pris och uppfattat produktkvalitet. Vi har formulerat ett antal hypoteser grundade i huruvida konsumenter använder sig av pris för att
kvalitetsutvärdera en produkt. Vi testar sedan om ett sådant agerande beror på vilket sinne som används vid produktutvärderingen, samt om kön och hur ofta konsumenten använder
produkten i fråga påverkar detta.
I det experiment vi genomfört användes tre produktkategorier som alla svarar mot olika sinnen. Dessa produktkategorier var olivoljor (smaksinnet), utskrifter från skrivare (synen) och parfymer (luktsinnet). Inom varje produktkategori användes ett billigt, ett mellanprissatt
och ett dyrt alternativ. En kontrollgrupp fick kvalitetsutvärdera produkterna utan att veta priset på dessa. Därefter jämfördes kontrollgruppens svar mot svaren från en experimentgrupp som fått veta priset på produkterna.
Våra resultat från detta experiment visar att konsumenter faktiskt använder sig av priset som kvalitetsindikator. För samtliga tre produktkategorier fick det dyra alternativet högre kvalitetsomdömen när priset var känt och med ett enstaka undantag fick de billiga alternativen
lägre betyg när priset var känt. Vidare har framkommit att både kvinnor och män använder priset som kvalitetsindikator och att det inte förekommer några skillnader mellan könen i detta agerande. Däremot tycks produktanvändningsfrekvens påverka kvalitetsuppfattningen, även
om denna tendens inte kunnat säkerställas statistiskt i vårt experiment.
Följande slutsatser kan dras utifrån våra resultat:
Det finns ett generellt samband mellan pris och uppfattad kvalitet avseende produkter där smaksinnet främst används vid kvalitetsutvärderingen
Det finns ett generellt samband mellan pris och uppfattad kvalitet avseende produkter där synen främst används vid kvalitetsutvärderingen
Det finns ett generellt samband mellan pris och uppfattad kvalitet avseende produkter där luktsinnet främst används vid kvalitetsutvärderingen
Det finns ingen skillnad mellan könen i sambandet mellan pris och uppfattad kvalitet
Det finns inget statistiskt signifikant samband mellan pris och uppfattad kvalitet baserat på hur ofta en konsument använder den aktuella produkten, men tydliga tendenser på detta förekommer
Rooij, Michaela Johanna Maria de. "Volunteer melanoma screening pros and cons /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1997. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5922.
Full textSilva, Fabiana Nunes de Oliveira. "Pris?o, cidade e territ?rio." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2009. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/73.
Full textResearch about the way of using a territory for the execution of penalties and impacts caused by prison buildings located at municipalities of the state inland. Discuss the infractions and penalties applied at Brazilian territory on colonial, imperial and republican period, with the use of prison buildings for this. They are presented, after that, the history of prison architecture at Brazil, with the contextualization of first model of prison building, the creation of Brazilian Penitentiary System and its new buildings, according to sanitarian urbanism, emphasizing the plea of progressive urbanism, with the Carandiru and the paradigm shift that this one caused on the order of penalty execution, causing the desterritorializa??o of violator individual. The demolishment of the biggest prison of Latin America urges the state to build several new prisons on interior paulista territory, without a prior urban planning, truly prison-cities are created, leading to conclude the importance of urban planning for first measure and then sanction the impacts and the socioeconomic problematic.
Pesquisa sobre as formas de utiliza??o do territ?rio para o cumprimento de penas e impactos causados por edif?cios prisionais localizados nos munic?pios paulistas. Discute-se primeiramente as infra??es e penas praticadas no territ?rio brasileiro no per?odo colonial, imperial e por fim o republicano com a utiliza??o dos edif?cios prisionais para tal. Apresentam-se em seguida a hist?ria da arquitetura prisional no Brasil com a contextualiza??o do primeiro modelo de edif?cio prisional, a cria??o do Sistema Penitenci?rio brasileiro e suas novas edifica??es de acordo com o urbanismo sanitarista, ressaltando o fundamento do urbanismo progressista com o complexo Carandiru e a mudan?a de paradigma que este gera na ordem de cumprimento das penas, provocando a desterritorializa??o do indiv?duo infrator. A fal?ncia do at? ent?o maior pres?dio da Am?rica Latina incita o Estado a construir diversos novos pres?dios em territ?rios do interior paulista, sem um planejamento urbano pr?vio, verdadeiras cidades-pres?dio s?o criadas, levando a concluir a import?ncia do planejamento urbano para previamente medir e posteriormente sancionar os impactos e as problem?ticas s?cio-econ?micas.
Berg, Maria. "Digitalisering till varje pris : Digitalization unconditionally." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för barndom, utbildning och samhälle (BUS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39621.
Full textТугаєнко, В. М. "Globalization or westernization? Pros and cons." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18271.
Full textKannelønning, Kristian, and Lise Vassmoen. "Premium pris og oppstartsbedrifter : Strategiske retningslinjer for en oppstartsbedrift med mål om å ta en premium pris." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-20881.
Full textNiklas, Johansson, and Gjers Erik. "Pris kontra kvalitet : En kvalitativ studie om hur upphandlare inom offentlig sektorbalanserar spänningen mellan pris och kvalitet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417647.
Full textLindblad, Malin. "Kommunala verksamheters pris : Hur valet av värderingsmodell har påverkat den kommunala verksamhetens slutliga pris i samband med avknoppning." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26769.
Full textLindqvist, Kajsa, and Niklas Lindau. "Legitimitetens pris : Om hembesök inom ekonomiskt bistånd." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1257.
Full textTiman, Malin, and Sally Henriksson. "Nyhetens pris : Betaljournalistik och pressetik på landsortstidningar." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-15076.
Full textCarlsson, Peter, and Åke Gustavsson. "En skola för alla : till vilket pris?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för samhälls- och livsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28087.
Full textMorgan, Adrian. "Astudiaeth o Salmau Cân (1621) Edmwnd Prys." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/6dcebb18-edc9-420f-b958-0a59ad657e13.
Full textBezuidenhout, Christiaan Willem. "Prys-verdienste-verhoudings van genoteerde industriele maatskappye." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/58709.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: In spite of the significant role of price-earnings ratios on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. relatively little is known of the behaviour of these ratios over time. The price-earnings ratio is the price of the company's share. divided by the company's earnings per share. In a theoretically stable environment the interpretation of the price-earnings ratio is less problematic than in an everyday unstable. non-perfect market. The problem with a non-perfect market, is that the expectations and assumptions of investors start to play a role. This is difficult to quantify. To analyse price·earnings ratios now become problematic . Based on the formula for price-earnings ratio, one can say that it represents that which the investor is willing to pay, for one rand of the earnings of the company. A high price-earnings ratio is a function of either a big expected growth in earnings for the company, or a very small earnings for the company in that financial year. The purpose of this study is: 1) The accomplishment of a databank which reflects the relative rank of the different companies. 2) To establish the relationship of the rank of a given year with future ranks. The study was conducted on all industrial companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Price·earnings ratios calculated with share prices at financial year-end, as well as price-earnings ratios calculated with share prices three months after the financial year·end, were used in the study. Companies included in the study were divided into groups which have been listed for 20. 15, 10 and 5 years respectively. Descriptive statistical methods were used to find out more about the data. To establish the extent of the relationships between the different ranks, Spearman's rankorder coefficient was used. Finally a databank was established to show the different relative ranks of the different groups. Descriptive statistics indicated that price-earnings ratios are not disrtibuted normally. The median was therefore used in all the groups as representative of the data. The median showed a definite upward trend over time. The medians of the price-earnings ratios calculated on the share prices three months after financial year-end, closely follow the medians of the price-earning ratios calculated on share prices at financial year-end. This indicates that either investors do not take the earnings of the companies into account, or that investors' expectations of earnings are correct. It is, however, doubtful whether investors have sufficient information at financial year-end. Spearman's rankorder coefficient showed a definite positive and significant trend. especially if the time-span of the tests are taken into account. Companies which were therefore ranked high, wilt most probably be high again the following year, if the time-span does not exceed five years. The databank which was established to show the relative ranks of the different companies, showed that the so-called top companies do not necessarily fall into the top positions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alhoewel prys-verdienste-verhoudings 'n belangrike rol op die Johannesburgse Effektebeurs speel, is relatief min inligting beskikbaar oor die werking daarvan oor die lang termyn. Die prys-verdienste-verhouding is die prys van die maatskappy se aandeel, gedeel deur die verdienste per aandeel. Die interpretasie van prys-verdienste-verhoudings is minder problematies in 'n teoreties stabiele omgewing as in 'n oorwegend onseker, nie-perfekte marksituasie. Die probleem in laasgenoemde tipe mark is dat beleggersverwagtings en -aannames toenemend 'n rol begin speel. Aangesien verwagtings en aannames moeilik is om te kwantifiseer, bemoeilik dit ook die interpretasie van prys-verdienste-verhoudings. Volgens die formule verteenwoordig prys-verdienste-verhoudings dit wat beleggers bereid is om te betaal, vir een rand verdienste van die maatskappy. 'n Groot prys-verdienste-verhouding is 'n funksie van groot verwagte verdienstegroei van die maatskappy, of 'n baie klein verdienste per aandeel vir die maatskappy in daardie betrokke finansiele jaar. Die doel van die studie is: 1) Die daarstelling van 'n databank van prys-verdienste-verhoudings wat die relatiewe rangorde van die verskillende maatskappye reflekteer. 2) Vasstelling van die verband tussen rangordes van 'n bepaalde jaar en toekomstige rangordes . Die studie is gedoen op alle industriële maatskappye op die Johannesburgse Effektebeurs. Prys-verdienste-verhoudings bereken volgens aandeelpryse op finansiële jaareinde, asook die bereken op aandeelpryse drie maande na afloop van die finansiële jaareinde van die betrokke maatskappy , is by hierdie studie ingesluit. Maatskappye is in vier groepe verdeel naamlik maatskappye wat onderskeidelik al 20, 15, 10 en 5 jaar genoteer is. Ter toeligting van hierdie data in die verskillende groepe, is beskrywende statistiese metodes gebruik en geinterpreteer. Spearman se rangorde korrelasiekoëffisient is gebruik om die omvang van die verband tussen rangordes vas te stel. 'n Databank is laastens opgestel vir die verskillende groepe wat relatiewe rangorde aantoon. Volgens die beskrywende statistiese metodes is die prys-verdienste-verhoudings nie normaal verdeel nie. Die mediaan is dus in alle groepe as verteenwoordigend van die data gebruik, in plaas van die gemiddelde. Die mediaan het in alle groepe 'n skerp stygende tendens oor tyd getoon. Mediane van prys-verdienste-verhoudings bereken op aandeelpryse drie maande na die finansiële jaareinde, het 'n sterk ooreenkoms getoon met mediane van prys-verdienste-verhoudings bereken op finansiële jaareind aandeelpryse. Dit kan 'n gevolg wees van of die feit dat beleggers hulle nie veel steur aan die verdienstes van maatskappye nie, of dat beleggers se verwagtings van die maatskappye se verdienstes korrek was. Dit is egter te betwyfel of beleggers op finansiële jaareinde oor genoegsame intigting beskik. Spearman se rangorde korrelasiekoëffisient toon 'n definitiewe positiewe en beduidende tendens, veral as die tydsduur van die toetse wat gedoen is in ag geneem word. Maatskappye met 'n hoë rangorde sal daarom waarskynlik ook die daaropvolgende jare 'n hoë rangorde hê, veral as die tydperk nie langer as vyf jaar is nie. Volgens die databank wat saamgestel is om die relatiewe rangordes van die verskillende maatskappye se prys-verdienste-verhoudings aan te toon. hey, sogenaamde top maatskappye nie hoog in die hiërargie van top maatskappye gefigureer nie.
Almeida, Marcius Alexandros Antunes de. "Cr?ticas e alternativas ? pris?o preventiva." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4835.
Full textA pris?o preventiva representa um aspecto do processo penal cuja necessidade nunca chegou a justificar-se de maneira plenamente convincente, uma vez que viola direitos e garantias da pessoa humana de forma prematura e sem um ju?zo seguro acerca de eventual responsabilidade penal. N?o obstante, tem sido utilizada, de forma restrita em alguns pa?ses e abusiva ou excessiva em outros, antecipando os efeitos de eventual condena??o e transformando o processo penal em um mecanismo que conjuga, de forma simult?nea, a averigua??o do fato delituoso imputado com a puni??o do suposto autor do delito no c?rcere. Apesar da pris?o preventiva trazer maior efetividade ao cumprimento dos fins do processo, tamb?m ? atrav?s dela que se cometem as mais evidentes viola??es da liberdade pessoal e de outros direitos fundamentais reconhecidos nos mais diversos ordenamentos jur?dicos. Em raz?o disso, alguns pa?ses j? vem adotando medidas menos gravosas para tutelar o processo penal, como forma de evitar a utiliza??o da pris?o em face de cidad?os que sequer tiveram afirmada a responsabilidade penal, que ocorre, nos termos da Constitui??o Brasileira, somente ap?s o tr?nsito em julgado da senten?a penal condenat?ria. Sem embargo disso, a pris?o preventiva segue sendo utilizada nas mais diversas legisla??es, mesmo sendo uma medida desnecess?ria e excessiva, em alguns casos, ou ineficaz para o fim visado, em outros, inclusive, em face de inocentes reconhecidos pela t?o almejada, mas tardia, senten?a penal absolut?ria, uma vez que n?o somente os culpados s?o submetidos ao processo e ? pena, ainda que processual. No Brasil, que ? pr?digo na utiliza??o da pris?o preventiva, fato proporcionado, em parte, pela presen?a de fundamentos que representam cl?usulas abertas que n?o comportam demonstra??o e refuta??o, tramitam, ainda que de forma tardia, projetos de reforma parcial e geral do C?digo de Processo Penal, trazendo novas alternativas para tutela do processo. N?o obstante, as expectativas de efetiva implanta??o dessas novas medidas n?o se mostram animadoras, pois, al?m de contarmos com uma certa resist?ncia na destina??o de recursos financeiros para diminuir a afli??o dos processados, o que se depreende das condi??es carcer?rias brasileiras, depende, tamb?m, de uma mudan?a na cultura judici?ria nacional, que, como demonstra a experi?ncia, n?o ocorre com a mera altera??o da lei.
Larchet, Nady. "Décalages : loin des yeux près du corps." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67738.
Full textLoin des Yeux Près du Corps is an art installation project about the notion of gap between my personal perception of air pollution and what the science says about it. This notion is declined in many ways in this research, putting in relation artistic and theoretical elements, exploring the differences between translation and transduction, the relations between humans and machines and the connexions between all those elements. This installation is made from "real" musical instruments that have been modified to react to the air pollution levels. Some “parallel” explorations are also documented here, having contributed to nurture the main research.
CARLES, REMI. "Etudes d'oscillations non lineaires pres d'une caustique." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10045.
Full textZdorenko, Alexey. "Working as a developer. Pros and cons." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13066.
Full textРуденко, М. Д. "Форма Continuous англійського дієслова: Pros and Contra." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67113.
Full textHäggblad, Daniel. "Logistiken ska fungera, men till vilket pris?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9482.
Full textHemmingsson, Jesper, and Redhe Adrian Häusler. "Interiörs påverkan på lägenheters pris och värdering." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299341.
Full textHousing evaluations has historically been made in person by real estate agents or other experts. With growing online tools for evaluations, the question arises how well they perform, and what can be done to improve them. Modern approaches use sales data for similar housing when evaluating a certain house or apartment, with variables mainly being different forms of metadata such as living area, location and year or construction. This study explores the possibility to use the interior condition as a variable in housing evaluations by training Convolutional Neural Networks to classify the condition of kitchens and bathrooms for apartments in Stockholm, Sweden and testing the relationship between said conditions and the error of Booli’s evaluation algorithm. The classification models were trained on crowd sourced data of the condition and the advertisement images for 200 images provided by Booli. The study finds that a statistically significant relationship exists between interior condition and the evaluation error, and the evaluations of apartments tends to be 3% too small on high condition apartments, while being on average 3% too large for low condition apartments. The results of the study indicates that including interior as a variable might reduce the error of Booli’s evaluation algorithm. However, the experiment for doing so in this study failed to do so in any sizeable manner.
Robin, Pauline. "Hydrodynamique extrême en mer près des côtes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4733/document.
Full textDuring extreme weather events like cyclones and storms, the extreme states sea withimportant breaking cause a level setup and coastal flooding magnified by strong wind and can cause human and material damage (Xynthia, february 2010).Initially, the aim of this work is to understand the hydrodynamics mechanisms when storms. To understand this, a measurement campaign was carried out in large air/sea facility at Marseille Luminy. The objective was to quantify maximum runup due to the wind and waves during onshore wind (up to 15m/s) for different conditions of waves (regular, irregular or only wind) and also to know the effect of wind on the waves characteristics and currents near the shore.A Boussinesq-type model in time domain has been developed taking into account the combined effects of wave/wind/breaking. The model that we use is based on the model developed by Bingham et al. (2009). It incorporates a variable bathymetry to simulate the propagation of the waves from offshore to the coastal environment. Amplification of waves by wind is added in two different ways. Jeffreys (1925, 1926), Miles (1957) and to take into account the dissipation of wave, we included a dissipation term, Madsen et al. (1997a), Muscari and Di Mascio (2002). Finally, we introduced the simple runup model of Hibberd et Peregrine (1979), Lynett et al. (2002). In order to validate the model, we have compared our results with differents experiments
Guerra, Francisco. "Bloody Good: Pros of Synthetic Blood Substitutes." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/243889.
Full textPetersen, Hans-Georg. "Pros and cons of a negative income tax." Universität Potsdam, 1995. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/847/.
Full textConceptual Framework
Theory and Impacts of NIT
German Social Security - System or Jungle?
The NIT as Last Resort - Pros and Cons
Acceptance and Feasibility - Some Public Choice Remarks
Andersson, Ann-Charlotte, and Charlotte Magnusson. "Budgivningsprocessen vid ett fastighetsköp : lockpriser kontra accepterat pris." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11419.
Full textThis is a survey where we compare the pricing of properties that are for sale in Sweden and Spain. To make delimitation, we have chosen to compare the pricing in the inner city of Stockholm of Sweden with the pricing in Palma in Mallorca, Spain. The cap rates phenomenon has been very criticized in the Swedish media in the latest couple of years. Because of this criticism, many real estate agents in the inner city of Stockholm are working to avoid cap rates and introduced the concept of using acceptable prices. However, acceptable price rates are perceived as a replacement name for the cap prices. Although the Mäklarsamfundet, of Sweden, disagrees with the use of cap rates, we have trough our interviews with real estate agents in the inner city of Stockholm received that this concept is still used in the pricing of properties. We have, through our interviews with property owners in Stockholm and Palma, met several property owners who have felt cheated when they bought a property at a significantly higher final price than the asking price. We have as well met several property owners who are satisfied with the Swedish pricing. But most people prefer to buy or sell a property at fair agreed price, using acceptable pricing. Many of the Spanish property buyers who we have interviewed are critical to the Spanish pricing, where the bidding goes down. This despite that most of them, managed to negotiate down the final price. Most of the criticism is based on that the prices are not related to market price, which, despite the cap rates, is in Sweden.
Johansson, Elin, and Johanna Persson. "Plats? Pris? Mat? : Vad styr valet hos företag?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-21274.
Full textOort, Erica van. "Pros and cons of natural and recombinant allergens." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/70101.
Full textLaapotti, Jenni. "Mobilapplikationsanvändning bland ungdomar i Karlstad : Pris före funktion?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-26383.
Full textIn this thesis investigated the usage of free mobile application among young people. Factors that influence the usage are highlighted and the influence of each factor is explained in comparison to the other influencing factors. The difference between the usage of free mobile applications and applications that cost is also emphasized due to this comparison.A qualitative study was done with two focus groups where the disjunctive factor for the two groups was income. The respondents discussed in groups different themes in the context mobile application usage. Examples of themes discussed are price, normative pressure and attitude. The results of the group interviews was interpreted and analyzed through an interpretative framework of business economic theories. The framework is largely based on a model of mobile application usage intention (Nysveen et al. 2005a), a theory of price search behavior (Darke et al. 1995) and a theory of ethical decision making (Tan 2002).Some of the contributing conclusions of the study are that the most prominent influent factors are price, normative pressure and perceived usefulness and that there exists a difference between theory and the real influencing factors of the respondents. This study and its conclusions contribute with new knowledge of consumer behavior and can be used for further research or as a source of inspiration for strategy elaboration.
Newton, B. T. "Applied gas tracing or permeable reactive barriers (PRBs)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602710.
Full textLarrivée, Éric. "Tomographie électromagnétique du pergélisol près d'Umiujaq, Nunavik (Québec)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24147/24147.pdf.
Full textRiesbeck, Marcel. "Internprissättning : Två perspektiv på "rätt pris" utifrån armlängdsprincipen." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9658.
Full textTransfer pricing is common in today's corporations and grows more as world trade has become globalized. The use of transfer pricing to increase profits is a discussion that took off in the 1950's. A discussion based on the company consciously improve their taxes through the various methods available. A utilization of regulation flaws and unclear interpretations. The topic is unique because it requires expertise in both business administration and law. That the subject is wide makes it even more complex and broader knowledge required to fully understand its problems.