Academic literature on the topic 'Pulsares'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Pulsares.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Pulsares"

1

Doroshenko, Oleg V., and Sergei M. Kopeikin. "Relativistic effect of gravitational deflection of light in binary pulsars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 160 (1996): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100041269.

Full text
Abstract:
Timing formula for data processing of observations of binary pulsars that accounts for the relativistic deflection of light in the gravitational field of the pulsar’s companion is presented, and the measurability of this effect along with its variance estimates is discussed. The deflection of the pulsar’s pulse trajectory in the gravitational field of its companion leads to variation in the pulsar’s rotational phase. This variation appears as a narrow sharp growth of the magnitude of the post-fit residuals in the vicinity of the moment of the superior conjunction of the pulsar with its companion. In contrast to the relativistic Shapiro effect, the amplitude of the effect of gravitational deflection of the pulsar radio beam has two peaks with opposite signs, which become sharper as the inclinationiof the pulsar’s orbit approaches to the right angle. The effect under consideration influences the estimation of parameters of the relativistic Shapiro effect in the binary pulsars with nearly edgewise orbits. Its inclusion in the fitting procedure provides a more careful measurement of the sine of the orbital inclinationi, as well as the masses of the pulsar and its companion. This permits an improved testing of alternative theories of gravity in the strong field regime. The effect of the gravitational deflection of light has been numerically investigated for binary pulsars with nearly edgewise orbits. It is shown that the effect is observed in general only when cosi is less than 0.003. This estimate becomes less restrictive as the pulsar’s spin axis approaches the line of sight.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Nice, David J., and Stephen E. Thorsett. "Rotational and Orbital Fluctuations of Eclipsing Binary Pulsar PSR B1744-24A." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 160 (1996): 523–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100042275.

Full text
Abstract:
Eclipsing binary pulsars systems highlight an important stage in the evolution of isolated millisecond pulsars. In these systems, the pulsar’s companion is losing mass due to Roche lobe overflow and/or a stellar wind induced by intercepted energy from the pulsar flux. Eventual evaporation of the companions could yield isolated millisecond puslars. PSR B1744-24A was the second eclipsing millisecond pulsar to be discovered (Lyneet al. 1990). It is in a 1.8 hr orbit with a ∼ 0.1 M⊙companion. Its eclipses show some variability, and the pulsar is undetectable at about 25% of observing epochs, presumably because it is completely enveloped by the companion’s outflow (Nice & Thorsett 1992).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Dias, Susana Oliveira. "Divulgação monstra: pulsações por entre vida, caos e política." RUA 15, no. 2 (2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rua.v15i2.8638855.

Full text
Abstract:
A maquinaria biotecnológica – laboratórios, pesquisas, pesquisadores, DNAs, modelos, sons, conceitos, palavras, filmes, imagens, notícias etc. – se efetua e expressa intensamente sob os signos da organicidade e do julgamento moral (bem ou mal). O que poderia a divulgação científica em meio a essa paisagemcorpo-pensamento? Que pulsares em forças-escritas-pesquisas poderiam ser potencializados ao pensarmos em uma divulgação científica como de-formações, multiplicações, proliferações e dispersões das biotecnologias? Apostas políticas que querem fazer da escrita-pesquisa possibilidades de fuga da vida, do humano, do futuro.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Lyne, A. G. "From Crab Pulsar to Magnetar?" Symposium - International Astronomical Union 218 (2004): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900181100.

Full text
Abstract:
We review the evolution of the Crab pulsar's rotational history during the past 35 years. Representing 3.7% of the pulsar's age, it is possible to estimate the likely development of the magnetic field and characteristic age much better than previously. The increasing magnetic field of this pulsar and of other young pulsars, most dramatically the Vela pulsar, raises the interesting possibility that these objects might evolve into magnetars. We discuss the observational case for such a proposal, but note that the origin of these field enhancements may be associated with glitch activity. However, it is understood no better than the origin of the magnetar fields, but may be one and the same.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

McCulloch, P. M. "Closing Comments: Observations." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 128 (1992): 410–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002731600155659.

Full text
Abstract:
During the course of this colloquium many papers have been presented on observational aspects of pulsar astronomy. In the following discussion I have not attempted to be comprehensive but have selected a number of areas of interest to me.The basic pulsar properties appear to be consistent over the full range of pulsar periods from 1 ms to 4s, implying that the emission mechanism is the same for all pulsars. There was a general consensus among the observers that the radio emission occurs low down in the pulsar's magnetosphere above the magnetic polar region.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Zhang, Xinyuan, Ping Shuai, Liangwei Huang, Shaolong Chen, and Lihong Xu. "Mission Overview and Initial Observation Results of the X-Ray Pulsar Navigation-I Satellite." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8561830.

Full text
Abstract:
The newly launched X-ray pulsar navigation-I (XPNAV-1) is an experimental satellite of China that is designed for X-ray pulsar observation. This paper presents the initial observation results and aims to recover the Crab pulsar’s pulse profile to verify the X-ray instrument’s capability of observing pulsars in space. With the grazing-incidence focusing type instrument working at the soft X-ray band (0.5–10 keV), up to 162 segments of observations of the Crab pulsar are fulfilled, and more than 5 million X-ray events are recorded. Arrival times of photons are corrected to the solar system barycentre, and the 33 ms pulse period is sought out for Crab. Epoch folding of all the corrected photon times generates the refined pulse profile of Crab. The characteristic two-peak profile proves that the Crab pulsar has been clearly seen, so that the conclusion is made that XPNAV-1’s goal of being capable of observing pulsars is achieved.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Desvignes, Gregory, Michael Kramer, Kejia Lee, et al. "Radio emission from a pulsar’s magnetic pole revealed by general relativity." Science 365, no. 6457 (2019): 1013–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7272.

Full text
Abstract:
Binary pulsars are affected by general relativity (GR), causing the spin axis of each pulsar to precess. We present polarimetric radio observations of the pulsar PSR J1906+0746 that demonstrate the validity of the geometrical model of pulsar polarization. We reconstruct the (sky-projected) polarization emission map over the pulsar’s magnetic pole and predict the disappearance of the detectable emission by 2028. Two tests of GR are performed using this system, including the spin precession for strongly self-gravitating bodies. We constrain the relativistic treatment of the pulsar polarization model and measure the pulsar beaming fraction, with implications for the population of neutron stars and the expected rate of neutron star mergers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Lazarov, Andon D. "ISAR Imaging of a Rotating Asteroid Irradiated by Pulsar’s Electromagnetic Emission." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 19, no. 2 (2019): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2019-0014.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The aim of the present study is imaging of moving objects, asteroids illuminated by continuous coherent wideband pulsar’s signals. As pulsars are located on more than thousands of light years from Earth, objects crossing pulsars’ emission beams are considered as second sources of electromagnetic waves, carrying object’s shape and velocity information that can be extracted by application pulsar emission-based inverse aperture synthesis. Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) scenario, geometry and kinematics are analytically described. Models of pulsar signals and ISAR signals secondary emitted by asteroids are developed. White Gaussian noise of high level is added to the deterministic reemitted signal in order to approach the real signal scenario. Two-Dimensional (2D) Fourier transform for image extraction is applied. Special iterative noise removing procedure is suggested for asteroid’s image enhancement. To verify mathematical model and imaging algorithms numerical experiments are carried out.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Dewey, Rachel J., and James M. Cordes. "Monte Carlo Simulations of Radio Pulsars and Their Progenitors." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 125 (1987): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900161030.

Full text
Abstract:
The formation of neutron stars in binary systems is often used to explain the nature of specific radio pulsars and characteristics of the pulsar population as a whole. We have investigated the extent to which such scenarios provide a self-consistent description of the pulsar population. Using a computer simulation, we modeled the evolution of the main sequence stellar population and compared the predicted neutron star population to the observed radio pulsar population, focusing our attention on the pulsar velocity distribution and the incidence of binary pulsars. These characteristics relate very directly to the binary nature of pulsar progenitors, and are not strongly dependent on models of pulsar magentic field and luminosity evolution.The need to reproduce both the high velocities typical of pulsars and the low incidence of binary pulsars strongly constrains the formation of pulsars in binary systems. Unless one assumes that virtually all pulsars originate in close binary systems, the observed velocity distribution cannot result from the disruption of binary systems by symmetric supernova explosions; some additional acceleration process (e.g. asymmetric supernova mass ejection or asymmetries in pulsar radiation) must act during or soon after a pulsar's formation. It is possible to reproduce the velocity distribution by assuming that all pulsars are born in binary systems with initial orbital periods less than about 30 years. However, the predicted incidence of binaries is then too large by more than an order of magnitude, unless one also assumes that the process of mass transfer from the primary to the secondary is almost always non-conservative, or that the minimum mass necessary for a stripped helium core to explode as a supernova is larger (over 4 M⊙) than currently believed. Further analyses of the radio pulsar population, the X-ray binary population and the abundances of elements ejected in supernovae should help determine which of these alternatives is most reasonble. Additional studies of the main sequence stellar population, accounting more accurately for evolutionary and observational selection effects, will reduce the uncertainties in modeling the formation of the neutron star population.It has also been suggested that the observed correlation between pulsar velocities and magnetic moments (see Cordes, these Proceedings) is induced by the differing evolutionary paths by which stars in binary systems form radio pulsars. Our simulation does not reproduce this correlation, and we do not find any paths likely to produce low velocity, low magnetic field neutron stars not in binary systems.We are submitting a full description of our model and results to The Astrophysical Journal.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Edwards, Russell T. "Discovery of Eight Recycled Pulsars – The Swinburne Intermediate Latitude Pulsar Survey." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 177 (2000): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100058929.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractWe have conducted a pulsar survey of intermediate Galactic latitudes (5° < |b| < 15°) at 20 cm. The survey has been highly successful, discovering 58 new pulsars, eight of which are recycled, in only ∼14 days of integration time. One pulsar has a very narrow (2° FWHM) average profile for the pulsar’s period (278 ms). The six new recycled binary systems provide valuable information on the formation of white dwarf pulsar binaries. Two systems have massive white dwarf companions (> 0.57 M⊙and > 1.2 M⊙), while another has a low mass (∼ 0.2 M⊙) companion in a 23.3-d orbit, residing the well-known orbital period “gap”.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pulsares"

1

Coelho, Jaziel Goulart. "Magnetares e os pulsares de anãs brancas." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2013. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2854.

Full text
Abstract:
Os Pulsares Anômalos de Raios-X (AXPs) e Repetidores de Raios-gama moles (SGRs) são alguns dos grupos mais interessantes de pulsares que têm sido intensivamente estudados nos últimos anos. Eles são entendidos como estrelas de nêutrons (ENs) com campos magnéticos super fortes ($Bgtrsim10^{14}$) G. No entanto, nos últimos dois anos duas SGRs com baixos campos magnéticos $ Bsim(10^{12}-10^{13})$ G foram detectadas. Além disso, três anãs brancas (ABs) muito rápidas e {it magnéticas} também foram observadas recentemente. Com base nestes novos pulsares descobertos, podemos comparar e contrastar os campos magnéticos, momento de dipolo magnético, idades características, e luminosidades quiescentes de raios-X destas duas SGRs (no modelo de ABs), com três anãs brancas rápidas, para concluir que elas apresentam fortes similaridades corroborando para uma descrição alternativa de algumas SGRs/AXPs como anãs brancas muito massivas e magnéticas. O momento de dipolo magnético $m$ do pulsar dependendo apenas do momento de inércia $I$, e as propriedades observacionais, tais como o período $P$ e sua primeira derivada $dot{P}$, podem ajudar a identificar a escala de $I$ para as SGRs/AXPs. Analisamos o momento de dipolo magnético $m$ de SGRs e AXPs quando um modelo baseado em anãs brancas massivas, rápidas e altamente magnetizadas é considerado. Mostramos que os valores de $m$ obtidos por algumas SGRs e AXPs estão de acordo com a faixa observada $10^{34}{ m emu}leq m leq10^{36}{ m emu}$ de anãs brancas magnéticas isoladas e polares. Este resultado, juntamente com o fato que para ABs {it magnéticas} $Bsim(10^6-10^8)$ G e seus momentos de dipolo magnéticos serem quase independente do período de rotação estrela ($10^{4}lesssim P lesssim10^{6} { m s}$) - uma fenomenologia não compartilhada por pulsares de estrelas de nêutrons - sugere uma possível natureza de anã branca {it magnética} para alguns dos SGRs/AXPs que têm períodos muito menores ($Psim 10$ s). Além disso, uma vez que para os pulsares a potência de radiação dipolar é proporcional somente a $m$ e com a frequência de rotação estelar, podemos explicar no modelo de ABs - considerando apenas as diferentes escalas do momento de dipolo magnético para ABs e ENs - por que a luminosidade quiescente $L_X$ para vários SGRs/AXPs (em particular as de baixo campo $B$), em comparação as estrelas de raio-X isoladas (XDINs) e pulsares de alto-$B$ obedecem a razão ${L_X}^{ m SGRs/AXPs}/{L_X}^{ m XDINs}sim m_{ m WD}/m_{ m NS}sim10^3$: todas essas fontes de raios-X têm essencialmente os mesmos períodos de rotação ($Psim10$ s) e a luminosidade de raios-X está correlacionada com a luminosidade de {it spin-down}, que é igual potência de radiação dipolar no modelo de dipolo. Além disso, investigamos algumas propriedades básicas do equílibrio de anãs brancas magnéticas, em particular a condição para instabilidade dinâmica da estrela na presença de intensos campos magnéticos.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Oliveira, Heitor Oliveira de. "Modelo para o índice de frenagem de pulsares." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2015. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3276.

Full text
Abstract:
Pulsares são objetos astrofísicos normalmente modelados como estrelas de nêutrons compactas, tendo como origem o colapso de outra estrela. Em um modelo que chamaremos canônico, supõe-se que os pulsares são descritos por corpos extremamente massivos e esféricos que giram em torno de si mesmos, compostos por um dipolo magnético cujo o eixo magnético via de regra se encontra desalinhado com o eixo de rotação. Esse desalinhamento seria responsável pela observação de radiação emitida em intervalos de tempo bem definidos em uma dada orientação (efeito farol), que é a característica observacional típica desse tipo de estrela. Observa-se que a frequência de rotação dos pulsares está decaindo lentamente com o tempo (spin down), implicando uma redução gradativa da velocidade angular de rotação ($Omega$). Esse decaimento pode ser quantificado por um parâmetro adimensional denominado índice de frenagem ("n"; em inglês: braking index), dado por $ n = Omega ddot{Omega}/ dot{Omega}^2$, onde o ponto indica derivada com relação ao tempo. O modelo canônico prevê que este índice possui um valor único para todos os pulsares, igual a três. No entanto, dados observacionais indicam que índices de frenagem reais são inferiores a três, o que representa um enigma. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é a exploração de um modelo mais preciso para o decaimento do período orbital de pulsares. A partir da configuração de irradiação eletromagnética da energia rotacional de uma estrela de nêutrons proposta por Thomas Gold em 1968 e que é base para o modelo canônico, demonstramos a influência da variação do tamanho de uma estrela de nêutrons, admitindo a variação do seu raio, sobre o índice de frenagem da mesma, a partir da proposta de um modelo teórico. Observamos que o índice de frenagem diminui à medida em que o raio da estrela aumenta, o que também implica um momento de inércia maior. Essa contribuição não altera a irradiação da energia dipolar magnética, mas reduz a velocidade angular da estrela e, portanto, a frequência dos pulsos luminosos do pulsar, conforme se observa.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Lobato, Ronaldo Vieira. "Emissão de rádio nas magnetares e pulsares de anãs brancas." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2015. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3196.

Full text
Abstract:
Recentemente, foi proposto um modelo alternativo baseado em pulsares de anãs brancas para os repetidores de raios gama moles (SGRs) e os pulsares de raio-X anômalos (AXPs) (Malheiro, 2012), designados normalmente como magnetares. Neste modelo as anãs brancas magnéticas podem ter campos magnéticos $Bsim 10^{7}-10^{10} { m G}$ e rodarem muito rápido em frequências $Omegasim 1 { m rad/s}$, permitindo que produzam grandes diferenças de potencial eletromagnéticos (EM) e gerar pares de elétrons-pósitrons ($e^{pm}$). Estes potenciais EM são comparáveis com os produzidos em pulsares de estrelas de nêutrons com fortes campos magnéticos e até maiores. No nosso estudo nós consideramos dois processos possíveis associados com a aceleração de partículas, normalmente usados para explicar a emissão de rádio em pulsares de estrelas de nêutrons: em um processo nós temos a produção de pares perto das calotas polares da estrela, isto é, dentro do cilindro de luz onde as linhas do campo magnético são fechadas, e no outro a criação de pares acontece fora da magnetosfera, i.e., bem longe da superfície da estrela onde as linhas do campo magnético são abertas (Chen, 1993). Esta análise da possibilidade de emissão de rádio foi realizada para todas as 23 SGRs/AXPs do catálogo on-line dos magnetares do grupo de astrofísica e cosmologia da universidade de McGill (Olausen, 2014) que contém as informações atuais e disponíveis destas fontes. Concluímos que o modelo de emissão fora da magnetosfera é o que é compatível com as observações astronômicas que indicam uma falta de emissão de rádio para quase todas as SGRs/AXPs, quando estas fontes são entendidas como pulsares de anãs brancas. Nós mostramos explicitamente nesta dissertação que o raio $R$ destes fontes como anãs brancas aumenta o raio polar da calota $R_{p}sim Rsenalpha$ e o ângulo polar da calota $senalpha=sqrt{frac{R}{R_{L}}}$. No caso dos SGRs/AXPs que têm períodos longos $Psim10 { m s}$, o raio do cilindro de luz $R_{L}approx5 imes10^{10} { m cm}$ é muito grande comparado a uma estrela de nêutrons $Rsim10^6 { m cm}$, mas apenas 100 vezes maior que o raio de uma anã branca densa, a escala normal para a razão $R/R_L$ de um pulsar de rádio de estrela de nêutrons. Além disto, para todas estas fontes vistas como pulsares de estrelas de nêutrons, ambas os modelos produzem emissão de rádio para todas elas. O nosso trabalho é uma primeira tentativa para encontrar uma explicação para o quebra cabeças (ou enigma) de porquê para quase todas as SGRs/AXPs é esperado emissão de rádio, mas isto foi observado apenas para quatro delas. Estas quatro fontes, como já foi sugerido recentemente (Goulart, 2013), parece pertencer a uma categoria de pulsares de estrelas de nêutrons de alto campo magnético, diferente de todas as outras SGRs/AXPs que nossa dissertação indica pertencer a uma nova classe de pulsares de anãs brancas, muito rápidas e magnéticas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Martín, Rodríguez Jonatan. "Theory & observations of the PWN-SNR complex." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283894.

Full text
Abstract:
In this work, we study theoretical and observational issues about pulsars (PSRs), pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs). In particular, the spectral modeling of young PWNe and the X-ray analysis of SNRs with magnetars comparing their characteristics with those remnants surrounding canonical pulsars. The spectra of PWNe range from radio to γ-rays. They are the largest class of identified Galactic in γ-rays increasing the number from 1 to ∼30 during the last years. We have developed a detailed spectral code which reproduces the electromagnetic spectrum of PWNe in free expansion (tage .10 kyr). We shed light and try to understand issues on time evolution of the spectra, the synchrotron self-Compton dominance in the Crab Nebula, the particle dominance in PWNe detected at TeV energies and how physical parameters constrain the detectability of PWNe at TeV. We make a systematic study of all Galactic, TeV-detected, young PWNe which allows to find correlations and trends between parameters. We also discuss about the spectrum of those PWNe not detected at TeV and if models with low magnetized nebulae can explain the lack of detection or, on the contrary, high-magnetization models are more favorable. Regarding the X-ray analysis of SNRs, we use X-ray spectroscopy in SNRs with magnetars to discuss about the formation mechanism of such extremely magnetized PSRs. The alpha-dynamo mechanism proposed in the 1990’s produces an energy release that should have influence in the energy of the SN explosion. We extend the work done previously done by Vink & Kuiper (2006) about the energetics of the SN explosion looking for this energy release and we look for the element ionization and the X-ray luminosity and we compare our results with other SNRs with an associated central source.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Lin, Tingting. "Pulsar Wind Nebulae: observations and models of 3C58 and discovery of superefficiency." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671177.

Full text
Abstract:
Aquesta tesi està centrada en l’estudi de les nebuloses produïdes pel vent dels pulsars (acrònim anglès, PWNe), que es formen com a resultat de que la major part de l’energia rotacional del púlsar es perd per l’emissió d’un vent relativista de partícules. Els vents, supersònics respecte al medi interestel·lar, produeixen un xoc terminal on les partícules s’acceleren. Atès que la nebulosa conté fotons i camps magnètics, les partícules poden emetre a totes les freqüències, des de ràdio fins a energies TeV, mitjançant processos no tèrmics com el sincrotró i el Compton invers. Aquesta tesi estudia l’evolució d’aquesta radiació no tèrmica al llarg de la vida del púlsar, analitzant els canvis produïts a la distribució d’energia espectral com a resultat de l’expansió i la contracció del PWN a causa dels equilibris de pressió i la interacció amb l’entorn. La tesi considera en primer lloc el cas del complex format pel púlsar/PWN, PSR J0205 + 6449/3C 58, que és especial per la seva curta edat, la seva significativa potència i la seva similitud amb la nebulosa del Cranc (la millor estudiada). Es presenten els resultats de l’anàlisi de 8 anys de dades de Fermi-LAT. Utilitzant una efemèride contemporània per a la pulsació, s’ha pogut detectar significativament 3C 58 durant l’interval de fase fora del pic de PSR J0205 + 6449. He analitzat les dades amb un model de PWNe en funció del temps basat en el codi TIDE, desenvolupat pel grup en el que he treballat durant els darrers 8 anys. El meu model proporciona un ajust raonable a les dades; un en el que el PWN 3C 58 encara no reverbera. La reverberació és el període de l’evolució de les nebuloses quan el xoc invers creat per l’explosió de la supernova viatja cap al púlsar, comprimint-les. És un període relativament curt, però significatiu i que no ha estat gaire estudiat. La resta de la tesi estudia PWNe més antigues, o més joves com 3C 58, però evolucionant-les cap al futur per a analitzar el seu comportament durant la reverberació. Aquest estudi ha conduït al descobriment i caracterització de la supereficiència. La supereficiència succeeix quan, a causa de la seva compressió deguda al xoc invers que torna de l’explosió de la supernova, la nebulosa està sotmesa a un escalfament adiabàtic significatiu. Degut a la compressió, el camp magnètic de la PWN també augmenta, així com hi ha més partícules a energies més altes que les que hi havia abans. Vaig trobar que aquest procés pot produir PWNe que durant poc temps emeten més energia en raigs X i en altres freqüències que el que tenen com a energia de rotació en aquell moment. Aquesta aparent contradicció és conseqüència del fet que potència rotacional del púlsar ja no és el dipòsit d’energia del sistema. Aquest període finalitza quan la pressió del camp magnètic, que augmenta significativament, és capaç d’equilibrar la pressió cinemàtica proporcionada pel xoc invers. He estudiat tant PWNe ben caracteritzades com una àmplia gamma de models de PWN representatius dels púlsars observats per estudiar les seves propietats de reverberació i supereficiència. Finalment, he estimat, mitjançant simulacions de Monte Carlo, quantes PWNe galàctics s’espera que reverberin o estiguin en una etapa de supereficiència en un moment donat i he realitzat prediccions per a possibles deteccions futures amb la propera generació d’instruments. Aquesta tesi es presenta com un compendi de resultats publicats. Tres articles publicats a The Astrophysical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal Letters i Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society conformen els capítols 2, 3 i 4 de la tesi.<br>Esta tesis se centra en el estudio de las nebulosas producidas por los vientos de púlsares (de su acrónimo en inglés, PWNe), que se forman como resultado de que la mayor parte de la energía de rotación del púlsar se pierde a través de la emisión de un viento relativista de partículas. Los vientos, al ser supersónicos con respecto al medio interestelar, producen un choque terminal donde las partículas se aceleran. Dado que la nebulosa contiene campos magnéticos y de fotones, las partículas pueden emitir en todas las frecuencias, desde radio hasta las energías TeV, a través de procesos no térmicos como sincrotrón y Compton inverso. Esta tesis estudia la evolución de esta radiación no térmica a lo largo de la vida del púlsar, analizando los cambios producidos en la distribución espectral de energía como resultado de la expansión y contracción del PWN debido a los equilibrios de presión y la interacción con el entorno. La tesis primero considera el caso del complejo formado por el púlsar/PWN, PSR J0205 + 6449/3C 58, que es especial por su corta edad, significativa potencia y parecido con la Nebulosa del Cangrejo (la mejor estudiada). Se presentan los resultados del análisis de 8 años de datos de Fermi-LAT. Utilizando una efeméride contemporánea para la pulsación, se ha podido detectar significativamente 3C 58 durante el intervalo de fase fuera del pico de PSR J0205 + 6449. He analizado estos datos con un modelo de PWNe dependiente del tiempo basado en el código TIDE, desarrollado por el grupo en el que he trabajado durante los últimos 8 años. Mi modelo proporciona un ajuste razonable a los datos; uno en el que el PWN 3C 58 aún no está en reverberación. La reverberación es el período de evolución de las nebulosas que ocurre cuando el choque inverso creado por la explosión de la supernova viaja hacia el púlsar, comprimiéndolas. Es un período relativamente corto pero significativo y apenas estudiado. El resto de tesis estudia PWNe más viejas, o más jóvenes como 3C 58 pero evolucionándolas hacia el futuro para analizar el comportamiento que muestran durante reverberación. Este estudio ha llevado al descubrimiento y caracterización de la supereficiencia. La supereficiencia ocurre cuando, debido a su compresión debido al impacto del choque inverso de la explosión de la supernova, la nebulosa está sujeta a un calentamiento adiabático significativo. Debido a la compresión, el campo magnético del PWN también aumenta, así como también hay más partículas a energías más altas que antes. Descubrí que tal proceso puede producir PWNe que durante un corto tiempo emiten más rayos X y fotones a otras frecuencias de lo que existe como energía de rotación en ese momento. Esto es consecuencia de que la potencia rotacional del púlsar ya no es la reserva de energía del sistema. Este período de reverberación termina cuando la presión del campo magnético, aumentada debido al incremento del propio campo, es capaz de equilibrar la presión cinemática proporcionada por el choque inverso. He estudiado tanto varias PWNe bien caracterizadas como una amplia gama de modelos PWN representativos de los púlsares observados para estudiar sus propiedades de reverberación y supereficiencia. Finalmente, estimé a través de simulaciones de Monte Carlo cuántas PWNe galácticas se espera que estén reverberando o en una etapa de supereficiencia en un momento dado y realicé predicciones para posibles detecciones futuras con la próxima generación de instrumentos. Esta tesis se presenta como un compendio de resultados publicados. Tres artículos publicados en The Astrophysical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal Letters y Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society conforman correspondientemente los Capítulos 2, 3 y 4 de la tesis.<br>This thesis focuses on the study of Pulsar wind Nebulae (PWNe), which form as a result of the bulk of the pulsar rotational energy begin lost via the emission of a relativistic wind of particles. The winds, being supersonic with respect to the interstellar medium, produce a termination shock where particles are accelerated. Since the nebula is threaded with photon and magnetic fields, particles are able to emit at all frequencies, from radio to TeV energies, via non-thermal processes such as synchrotron and inverse Compton. This thesis zooms into studying the evolution of this non-thermal radiation along the pulsar lifetime, analyzing the changes produced to the spectral energy distribution as a result of the expansion and contraction of the PWN due to pressure balances and interaction with the environment. The thesis first considers the case of the complex formed by the pulsar/PWN, PSR J0205+6449/3C 58, which is especial due to its young age, significant power, and similarity to the Crab Nebula (the best studied PWN). The thesis presents the results of the analysis of 8 years of Fermi-LAT data. The main aspect is that using a contemporaneous ephemeris for the pulsation, we could significantly detect 3C 58 during the off-peak phase interval of PSR J0205+6449. I analyzed the observed data with a time-dependent model of PWNe based on the code TIDE, developed by the group in which I worked over the last 8 years. My model provides a reasonable fit to data; one in which the PWN 3C 58 is not yet reverberating. Reverberation is the period of PWN evolution when the reverse shock created by the supernova explosion travels back towards the pulsar, compressing the wind bubble. It is a relatively short but significant period, barely studied. The rest of the thesis studies older PWNe, or younger ones like 3C 58 but evolved into the future so as to grasp the behavior of reverberation when they pass through it. This study has led to the discovery and characterization of superefficiency. Superefficiency happens when, due to its compression because of the returning reverse shock of the supernova explosion, the nebula is subject to significant adiabatic heating. To what extent this heating affected the luminosities of the PWN at different energy ranges was not clear. The thesis describes in detail how due to the compression, the magnetic field of the PWN also increases, as well as there are more particles at higher energies than there were previously. I found that such process can produce PWNe that for a short time emit more in X-rays and other frequencies than what they have as rotational energy at the time. The former is not a paradox, but the consequence of the fact that the rotational spinning down of the pulsar is no longer the energy reservoir of the system. This period ends when the magnetic field pressure, increased because of the magnetic field, significantly risen up, is able to detain the kinematic pressure provided by the reverse shock. I took on both, several well-characterized PWNe and a broad range of PWN models representative of the observed pulsars to study their reverberation and superefficiency properties. Having attained such modelling, I estimated via Monte Carlo simulations how many Galactic PWNe are expected to be reverberating or in a superefficiency stage at any given time and realized predictions for possible future detections with the next generation of instruments. This thesis is presented as a compendium of published results. Three papers published in The Astrophysical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, and Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society correspondingly conform Chapters 2, 3 and 4 of the thesis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Galindo, Fernández Daniel. "Study of the extreme gamma-ray emission from Supernova Remnants and the Crab Pulsar." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663414.

Full text
Abstract:
In our Galaxy, supernova remnants and pulsars are the two most numerous populations of non-thermal objects. The goal of this thesis is to study the extreme gamma-ray emission from these two astrophysical objects with Fermi -LAT and MAGIC. In particular, supernova remnants Cassiopeia A and SNR G24.7+0.6 and the Crab pulsar. Cassiopeia A, one of the historical supernova remnants and the prime candidate of its class to be a PeVatron accelerator, has been discarded as so since we provided the first measurement of a turn-off in the gamma-ray spectrum at 3 TeV, implying the emission observed is produced by the decay of neutral pions, produced in proton- proton interactions of a parent population of accelerated protons with an energy cut-off at about 10TeV. Such a maximum energy of accelerated cosmic rays in Cassiopeia A falls short to explain the high energy end ( PeV) of the Galactic cosmic ray spectrum. Considering that Cassiopeia A was the main PeVatron candidate, the results obtained in this work challenge the existence of supernova remnants as galactic Pevatrons and therefore the popular conviction that supernova remnants are the main source of Galactic cosmic ray up to the knee. In the case of SNR G24.7+0.6, the remnant is evolving in a dense medium and might be interacting with the CO-rich surrounding. The observations performed allowed us to detect for the first time the counterpart of the radio emission, MAGIC J1835–069, from 60MeV up to 5TeV. This very high energy emission results from proton-proton interactions between the runaway protons from the supernova remnant and a nearby molecular cloud. These observations of the field of view of SNR G24.7+0.6, also resulted in the detection of another new source, MAGIC J1837–073, that is likely to be associated with a stellar cluster as suggested by its localization in a region rich in molecular content and crowded of sources. The total energy obtained in accelerated protons can be explained assuming a quasi-continuous injection of cosmic rays during the cluster lifetime. The second part of this thesis is focused on the study and understanding of the Crab pulsar, the young and most energetic pulsar in our galaxy. Observations carried out with MAGIC resulted in the first ever detection of very energetic pulsed emission from a pulsar, reaching up to about 1.5 TeV. Moreover, the light curve of the Crab above 400 GeV shows two peaks synchronized with those measured at lower energies. Such extremely energetic pulsed emission has to be produced by electrons with very high Lorentz factor scattering low energy photons in the vicinity of the light cylinder, either inside or outside of it. Currently, none of the postulated models is yet capable of reproducing at the same time the light curve and the spectral shape for both peaks above 400 GeV.<br>Esta tesis tiene como objetivo el estudio de la emisión extrema de rayos gamma proveniente de remanentes de supernova y el pulsar del Cangrejo. Dos remanentes de supernova han sido observados tanto con Fermi, como con MAGIC; Cassiopeia A y SNR G24.7+0.6. Cassiopeia A, el principal candidato de su clase a revelarse como PeVatrón, ha sido descartado como tal, al haberse detectado un corte en el espectro de rayos gamma en torno a 3 TeV, lo cual implica que, la emisión observada es producida por el de- caimiento de piones neutros, originados en colisiones protón-protón por una población de protones que presenta un corte exponencial en su espectro en torno a una energía de 10 TeV. Esta energía máxima a la que son acelerados estos rayos cósmicos pone en serias dudas la existencia de remanentes de supernova que se comporten como PeVa- trones, y por tanto, la teoría de que éstos son la fuente principal de rayos cósmicos galácticos. En el caso de SNR G24.7+0.6, con las observaciones llevadas a cabo, hemos conseguido detectar por primera vez la contrapartida de la emisión radio a energías desde 60 MeV hasta 5 TeV, MAGIC J1835–069, producida por protones que escapan del remanente de supernova y que interaccionan con una nube molecular cercana. En estas mismas observaciones, hemos podido detectar otra fuente nueva, MAGIC J1837–073, la cual está asociada, muy probablemente, con un cumulo estelar tal y como sugiere su lo- calización. Su emisión puede ser explicada asumiendo una inyección casi continua de rayos cósmicos durante la totalidad de la vida estimada del cumulo estelar. Por otra parte, el estudio del púlsar del Cangrejo, llevado a cabo con MAGIC ha re- sultado en el descubrimiento de emisión pulsada hasta 1.5 TeV, refutando cualquiera de los modelos presentados hasta el momento. Además, la curva de luz que carac- teriza la emisión proveniente del púlsar por encima de 400 GeV, presenta dos picos sincronizados en fase con los picos hallados a energías más bajas. Esta emisión, ex- tremadamente energética, únicamente puede ser producida por electrones acelerados hasta factores de Lorentz muy altos en regiones cercanas al cilindro de luz, ya sea en su interior o en su exterior, y que posteriormente colisionan y transfieren su energía a fotones térmicos.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Livingstone, Margaret Anne. "Timing young pulsars: challenges to standard pulsar spin-down models." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=94909.

Full text
Abstract:
Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars which are often noted for their very regular rotation rates. Young pulsars however, frequently exhibit two types of deviations from steady spin down, ``glitches'' - sudden jumps in spin frequency, which provide insight into pulsar interiors, and ``timing noise,'' a smooth stochastic wander of the pulse phase over long time periods. The youngest pulsars also offer a window into the physics that govern pulsar spin down via the measurement of the "braking index'' - a parameter that relates the observable spin frequency of the pulsar with the slowing down torque acting on the neutron star. This thesis discusses long-term timing observations of two young pulsars. First, we present observations of PSR J0205+6449, acquired with the Green Bank Telescope, the Jodrell Bank Observatory and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We present phase-coherent timing analyses showing timing noise and two spin-up glitches. We also present an X-ray pulse profile analysis showing that the pulsar is detected up to approximately 40 keV and does not vary appreciably over four years. We report the phase offset between the radio and X-ray pulse, showing that the radio pulse leads by 0.10+/-0.01 in phase. We compile measurements of phase offsets for this and other X-ray and gamma-ray pulsars and show that there is no relationship between pulse period and phase offset. Next, we present 10 years of monitoring of PSR J1846-0258 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We report the first measurement of the braking index for this pulsar, n=2.65+/-0.01, only the sixth such measurement ever made, and show that the pulsar experienced a small glitch in 2001. In May 2006, PSR J1846-0258 was briefly transformed: it exhibited a series of X-ray bursts, a dramatic increase in the source flux, and significant softening of its X-ray spectrum - behaviours best explained in the context of the magnetar model. PSR J1846-0258 was thus identified as the first rotation-po<br>Les pulsars, des étoiles à neutrons tournant rapidement sur elles-mêmes, sont reconnus pour leur vitesse de rotation très régulière. Les jeunes pulsars, par contre, présentent fréquemment des comportements qui dévient du ralentissement uniforme de leur vitesse de rotation: des glitchs, variations brutales de la fréquence de révolution qui nous aident à comprendre l'intérieur des plusars, et le bruit chronométrique, une variation stochastique de la phase de rotation sur une longue échelle de temps. Les pulsars les plus jeunes nous offrent aussi un aperçu de la physique qui gouverne le ralentissement de la vitesse de rotation par l'indice de freinage, un paramètre qui relie la fréquence de rotation d'un pulsar au torque qui agit sur lui, et dont la valeur diminue graduellement. Cette thèse discute du chronométrage à long terme de deux jeunes pulsars. Tout d'abord, nous présentons des observations de PSR J0205+6449 acquises avec l'Observatoire de Green Bank, l'Observatoire Jodrell Bank ainsi que le Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. Nous présentons l'analyse du chronométrage à phase cohérente montrant du bruit chronométrique ainsi que deux glitchs. Nous présentons aussi une analyse du profil du pulse en rayons X montrant que le pulsar est détectable jusqu'à ~40 keV et ne varie pas significativement sur quatre ans. Nous rapportons une mesure de la différence de phase entre le pulse radio et le pulse en rayons X, montrant que le pulse radio précède le pulse en rayons X par 0.10+/-0.01. Une compilation des différences de phase pour ce pulsar et d'autres qui émettent en rayons X et en rayons gamma montre qu'il n'y a aucune relation entre la période de rotation et la différence de phase. Ensuite, nous présentons 10 années de suivi de PSR J1846-0258 avec le Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. Nous rapportons la première mesure de l'indice de freinage pour ce pulsar, n=2.65+/-0.01, le sixième indice mesuré à ce jour, et montrons que ce pul
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Lopes, Caio Vinicius Costa. "Resposta não linear do vácuo a distribuições de correntes na ausência de um campo externo de fundo e suas aplicações a pulsares e estrelas de quarks." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-07102014-143531/.

Full text
Abstract:
Nesta dissertação de mestrado, nós encontramos a correção não linear aos campos elétrico e magnético produzidos por distribuições de cargas estacionárias, como o monopolo elétrico e o dipolo magnético homogeneamente polarizado em repouso, no vácuo, ou seja, imersas em um campo externo de fundo nulo. A função de resposta não linear é dada pelo tensor de polarização de quarta ordem, devido ao espalhamento de dois fótons, e é escrita dentro da aproximação da ação efetiva em eletrodinâmica quântica. Como aplicações realizamos estimativas numéricas para a correção dos campos produzidos em pulsares e estrelas de quarks, e concluímos quão relevantes são tais correções. Além disto, justicamos a divergência da autoenergia de uma carga eletrostática puntiforme (catástrofe ultravioleta) através do efeito de não linearidade.<br>On this master’s dissertation, we fi…nd a nonlinear correction to the electric and magnetic fi…elds produced by stationary charge distributions, like the electric monopole and the magnetic dipole uniformly polarized, at rest, in the vacuum, that is, it is immersed in a null external background fi…eld. The nonlinear response function is given by the fourth rank polarization tensor due to the scattering of two photons, and it is written within the approximation of e¤ective action in quantum electrodynamics. As applications, numerical estimates are evaluated for the correction of the …fields produced in quark stars and pulsars, and we conclude how relevant are such corrections. Furthermore, we explaned the self-energy’s divergence of a puntiform electrostatic charge (ultraviolet catastroph) through the nonlinear effect.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Moreno, de la Cita Víctor. "Coupling fluid-dynamics and non-thermal processes to study sources of high-energy emission." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403843.

Full text
Abstract:
In this thesis we have developed a tool for the computation of non-thermal emission in astrophysical sources. The code reads the hydrodynamic data coming from relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and compute the injection, evolution and radiation of non-thermal particles. The emission channels explored in the thesis are mainly Inverse Compton (IC) and synchrotron. Making use of this tools, we have studied the following sources: Star-jet interactions in agn Some galaxies with an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) present two jets of relativistic particles. The pressence of this jets is linked with the merge of galaxies, as well as the posibility of starbursts. Therefore, it is plausible that an important amount of stars could interact with the relativistic jets. We have expored that situation performing simulations of an encounter between the jet and an isolated star. The result or our simulations is a potentially observable gamma-ray emission related with this interactions. Pulsar wind interacting with a clumply stellar wind Gamma-ray binaries are two-body systems in which one of the objects is compact (either a neutron star or a black hole) and the other one is a star, with their spectral energy distribution (SED) peaking above 1 MeV (gamma rays). Here we focus on the cases in which the companion star is massive, presenting strongly inhomogeneous winds with clumps. The interaction of one of these clumps with a pulsar wind is simulated, and the results obtained showed that this type of inhomogeneities enhance the gamma radiation. An specific study of the source PSR B1259 − 63 was performed. Clumpy wind-jet interactions in hmmqs High-mass microquasars (HMMQs) are binaries compound by a high-mass star and a compact object accerting material. The compact object form two collimated jets and here we explore the possibility that the jet interacts with a stellar wind inhomogeneity, or clump. We found that for the clump with the studied characteristics, the inhomogeneity is able so survive enough time to emit gamma rays before disruption. Moreover, the luminosity levels found could be enough to explain the observations of Cyg X- 1 and Cyg X-3 adopting conservative parameters. A specific study for Cyg X-1 was carried out.<br>En estos más de tres años de investigación hemos trabajado en uno de los grandes problemas de la astrofísica de altas energías: cuál es el mecanismo de producción de radiación no térmica en fuentes relativistas. Nosotros hemos propuesto una serie de modelos centrándonos en la relación de outflows relativistas con su entorno, proponiendo que si éstos interaccionaban con ciertos obstáculos, formarían choques. En estos choques, aunque en el caso relativista aún no se tiene un conocimiento profundo de su funcionamiento, se sabe que se produce aceleración de partículas no térmicas, dando lugar también a emisión de altas energías. Distinguimos la emisión no térmica (responsable de los fenómenos que emiten rayos gamma, que son los que más nos interesan) de la térmica porque, a diferencia de ésta, no se produce por la agitación aleatoria de las partículas debido a su temperatura. La emisión no térmica involucra a menudo la interacción de las partículas con los campos electromagnéticos de sus alrededores. En nuestro caso, nos hemos centrado en la emisión IC (Inverse Compton, interacción partícula-fotón) y en la emisión sincrotrón (interacción partícula-campo magnético) porque eran las más relevantes en nuestros casos de interés. El método que hemos seguido para estudiar los distintos casos ha sido el siguiente: nuestros colaboradores hacían simulaciones hidrodinámicas (2D, relativistas, con simetría cilíndrica) de la fuente de interés, obteniendo una red de datos en dos dimensiones. Después reducían el problema a una serie de líneas de fluído , que contenían los datos hidrodinámicos que nos facilitaban a nosotros. Con estas líneas de fluido nosotros calculábamos la inyección de partículas no térmicas siguiendo una serie de prescripciones fenomenológicas sobre su distribución de energías, su evolución a lo largo de la línea de fluido y del tiempo, y por último su radiación no térmica (IC y sincrotrón). Con este método podíamos obtener las distribuciones espectrales de nuestras fuentes, así como mapas de emisión. Hemos empleado este método para estudiar tres tipos de fuentes: 1) Interacciones jet-estrella en AGNs Algunas galaxias que tienen un núcleo de galaxia activo (AGN, por sus siglas en inglés) presentan un par de chorros de partículas relativistas, muy colimados y opuestos, también conocidos como jets. La formación de estos jets está ligada a episodios de colisión de galaxias, un proceso llamado merging que también suele implicar que se dispare el ritmo de formación estelar. De esta forma, es esperable que el número de interacciones de estos jets con las poblaciones de estrellas circundantes sea alto. Nosotros nos centramos en una sola interacción, para la que simulamos un jet persistente interaccionando con una estrella individual. El resultado de estas simulaciones es que el área efectiva donde se produce la emisión no térmica es mucho mayor que el área asociada a la región donde el choque es más intenso, por lo que la cantidad de radiación que puede generar es mayor de la que se esperaba. En cuanto a los resultados radiativos, observamos que la orientación del jet con respecto al observador (situado en la Tierra) es de vital importancia, debido al efecto Doppler que sufre la radiación, al ser el jet relativista. También observamos que un campo magnético relativamente alto puede atenuar mucho la componente IC de la radiación y, por tanto, disminuir la emisión por encima del GeV. Los niveles energéticos que encontramos hacen pensar que una población de estrellas interactuando con el jet de un AGN podrían dar lugar a emisión gamma detectable desde la Tierra. 2) Púlsar interaccionando con un viento estelar inhomogéneo Las binarias de rayos gamma son sistemas de dos cuerpos en los que uno es un objeto compacto (básicamente, un agujero negro o una estrella de neutrones) y el otro es una estrella, con la peculiaridad de que su distrubución espectral de emisión (SED) tiene el máximo por encima de 1 MeV, es decir, están fuertemente dominados por procesos no térmicos. La emisión en rayos gamma de estas binarias ha sido estudiada con anterioridad, pero aquí nos centramos, de nuevo, en la interacción de un viento relativista (en este caso, proveniente del púlsar) con un obstáculo de gran inercia (en este caso, una inhomogeneidad del viento estelar). Estas inhomogeneidades, o grumos (clumps en inglés), pueden tener una densidad considerablemente mayor que el resto del viento estelar, y se espera que estén presentes en los vientos de las estrellas más masivas. La interacción del viento del púlsar con el grumo del viento estelar produce una región chocada alrededor de este último. En función del tamaño y la densidad del grumo, esta región chocada puede acercarse más al púlsar, siendo afectada así por un viento más potente, menos diluído, modificando los patrones de pérdidas de energía de las partículas. Con nuestros cálculos hemos podido comprobar cómo al introducir estas inhomogeneidades se consiguen efectivamente emisiones significativamente mayores en la mayoría de configuraciones. Este modelo se ha aplicado a una fuente concreta, la binaria PSR B1259-63, no siendo posible explicar los estallidos en la banda de los GeV observados por Fermi. Por otra parte, para esa misma fuente se encontró que si se modelaba el disco de decreción que se espera que tenga la estrella compañera como una inhomogeneidad grande interactuando con el viento del púlsar, la SED se acercaba más a las luminosidades en TeV observadas 20 días después del periastro, apuntando a una relación entre el objeto compacto y el disco de decreción como fuente de rayos gamma en el rango TeV. 3) Inhomogeneidades de un viento estelar en un jet de HMMQ Los microquásares de alta masa (HMMQ, por sus siglas en inglés) consisten en un objeto compacto orbitando alrededor de una estrella masiva. Parte del material de la estrella, que en este caso tiene vientos muy poderosos, es acretado por el objeto compacto formando una pareja de jets. En nuestro estudio, hemos intentado modelar la emisión gamma explorando el escenario en el que ciertas inhomogeneidades en el viento estelar (de nuevo, grumos) eran capaces de entrar en el jet, provocando un choque y, por lo tanto, acelerando partículas no térmicas. El estudio, en este caso, tuvo dos componentes importantes, el cálculo de las condiciones necesarias para que la interacción entre el grumo del viento estelar y el jet fuera posible y eficiente, y la simulación del proceso, llevadas a cabo por nuestros colaboradores; y el posterior cálculo de la radiación no térmica, llevada a cabo mediante el código desarrollado en esta tesis. La primera parte del estudio estimaba que básicamente deberíamos esperar que más o menos siempre hubiese una inhomogeneidad del tamaño y densidad estudiados interaccionando con el jet. Grumos más grandes serían menos probables y quizá demasiado masivos para el jet, disgregándolo en el proceso, mientras que grumos más pequeños, menos densos, o impactando en las zonas más cercanas a la base del jet, serían destruídos antes de poder penetrar. En este caso, aunque el trabajo se hizo de forma genérica para cualquier microquasar de alta masa, nos centramos en los dos HMMQs que emiten en rayos gamma que se conocen hasta la fecha, Cyg X-1 y Cyg X-3. El resultado de nuestro trabajo es que con los parámetros que nosotros manejamos pueden reproducirse las luminosidades de estas fuentes imponiendo eficiencias no térmicas conservadoras. Incluso comparamos las SED predichas con las observaciones Fermi de Cyg X-1, mostrando que son compatibles empleando valores razonables del campo magnético, ángulo de visión y eficiencia en la aceleración de partículas no térmicas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Desvignes, Grégory. "L'observation des pulsars au Radiotélescope de Nançay : applications à la recherche de nouveaux objets, à l'étude des systèmes binaires relativistes et à la détection d'un fond d'ondes gravitationnelles." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00496806.

Full text
Abstract:
Un pulsar est une étoile à neutrons en rotation rapide et dotée d'un fort champ magnétique qui peut se manifester en émettant sur tout le spectre électromagnétique. Dans cette thèse, je m'intéresse au rayonnement radio produit par l'étoile. Je commence ainsi par décrire l'instrumentation de dédispersion cohérente à base de GPUs installée au Radiotélescope de Nançay avec deux autres modes d'observation que j'ai développés : un mode pour la recherche de nouveaux pulsar et un mode spectromètre. Une autre partie de ce travail détaille le retraitement en cours du sondage Foster fait à la fin des années 90 à Nançay ainsi que de nouvelles observations ciblées, sur des candidats HESS notamment. Je présente ensuite les résultats obtenus sur les pulsars relativistes J0737-3039A et J1906+0746 avec respectivement des tests de la Relativité Générale et la mesure de la précession géodétique. Des données de polarimétrie ont ainsi permis de déterminer la géométrie du système de PSR J1906+0746. Enfin, je termine par l'analyse des temps d'arrivées de 20 pulsars millisecondes observés à Nançay dans le cadre de l'EPTA, une collaboration européenne pour un réseau de chronométrage pulsar avec pour objectif la détection d'un fond d'ondes gravitationnelles, possible d'ici 5 à 10 ans.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Pulsares"

1

Belém, Centro Cultural de. Pulsares: Beats : colecção de arte contemporânea. Centro Cultural de Belém, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Leeuwen, Joeri van. Radio pulsars. s.n.], 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Albert Gerardus Johannes van Leeuwen. Radio pulsars. s.n.], 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Pulsações. Uapê, 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Gil, José. Pulsações. Relógio dÁ́gua, 2014.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Becker, Werner, ed. Neutron Stars and Pulsars. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76965-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Isaac Asimov. Quasars, pulsars, and black holes. G. Stevens Pub., 1988.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Isaac Asimov. Black holes, pulsars, and quasars. Gareth Stevens Pub., 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Morozov, Alexander D. Pulsars: Theory, categories and applications. Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Isaac Asimov. Quasars, pulsars, and black holes. Dell Pub., 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Pulsares"

1

Carreto Fidalgo, David. "Pulsars and Pulsar Wind Nebulae." In Revealing the Most Energetic Light from Pulsars and Their Nebulae. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24194-0_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Vink, Jacco. "Neutron Stars, Pulsars, and Pulsar Wind Nebulae." In Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55231-2_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Backer, Don C. "Pulsars." In Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3936-9_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Courvoisier, Thierry J. L. "Pulsars." In High Energy Astrophysics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30970-0_14.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Lang, Kenneth R. "Pulsars." In Astrophysical Data. Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0640-5_22.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Mertz, Lawrence. "Pulsars." In Excursions in Astronomical Optics. Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2386-3_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Luminet, Jean-Pierre. "Pulsare." In Schwarze Löcher. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-85014-0_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Verschuur, Gerrit L. "Pulsare." In Die phantastische Welt der Radioastronomie. Birkhäuser Basel, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6665-1_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Baker, Joanne. "Pulsare." In 50 Schlüsselideen Astronomie und Kosmologie. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8274-2902-5_43.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Raychaudhuri, A. K., S. Banerji, and A. Banerjee. "Pulsars." In Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2754-0_12.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Pulsares"

1

Markozov, I. D. "Modeling pulse profiles in X-Ray pulsars with accretion column." In Всероссийская с международным участием научная конференция студентов и молодых ученых, посвященная памяти Полины Евгеньевны Захаровой «Астрономия и исследование космического пространства». Ural University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3229-8.09.

Full text
Abstract:
The pulse profiles of the radiation coming from X-ray pulsars with an accretion column were modeled. Gravitational lensing and redshift in the Schwarzschild metric, as well as the reflection of X-Ray photons from the surface of a neutron star, were taken into account. On the basis of the obtained pulse profiles an analysis of possible errors in the measurements of the luminosities of X-ray pulsars associated with the inability of the observer to correctly take into account the anisotropy in the radiation emerging from the neutron star, as well as the angles between the pulsar’s rotation axis, the magnetic axis and the line of sight, was carried out.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Lobato, Ronaldo V., J. G. Coelho, and M. Malheiro. "Radio pulsar death lines to SGRs/AXPs and white dwarfs pulsars." In THE SECOND ICRANET CÉSAR LATTES MEETING: Supernovae, Neutron Stars and Black Holes. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4937186.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Dolch, Timothy. "Pulsars at Low Radio Frequencies, Cyclic Spectroscopy, and Pulsar Timing Arrays." In 2019 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/usnc-ursi-nrsm.2019.8712895.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kijak, J., W. Lewandowski, M. Serylak, et al. "Turn-over in pulsar spectra: From young pulsars to millisecond ones." In 40 YEARS OF PULSARS: Millisecond Pulsars, Magnetars and More. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2900132.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kawai, N., R. Okayasu, and Y. Sekimoto. "Ginga observations of isolated pulsars: PSR1509-58 and the Crab pulsar." In COMPTON GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATORY. AIP, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.44121.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Harding, Alice K. "High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from Pulsars, Pulsar Winds and Plerions." In HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY: 2nd International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1878401.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

D’Amico, N. "The parkes multibeam pulsar survey and the discovery of new energetic radio pulsars." In GAMMA 2001: Gamma-Ray Astrophysics 2001. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1419462.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Fernandez-Barral, Alba, Oscar Blanch, Anshu Chatterjee, Emma de Oña Wilhelmi, and David Fidalgo. "MAGIC observations on pulsar wind nebulae around high spin-down power Fermi-LAT pulsars." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0733.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Zhang, Yi, S. Z. Chen, Xiang-Yu Wang, and Ruo-Yu Liu. "Morphology of Gamma-ray Halos around Middle-aged Pulsars: Influence of the Pulsar Proper Motion." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0669.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Anderson, Kevin D., and Darryll J. Pines. "Methods of Pulse Phase Tracking for X-ray Pulsar Based Spacecraft Navigation using Low Flux Pulsars." In SpaceOps 2014 Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-1858.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Pulsares"

1

Grove, J. E., J. D. Kurfess, B. F. Phlips, M. S. Strickman, and M. P. Ulmer. OSSE Observations of X-Ray Pulsars. Defense Technical Information Center, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada464467.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Strickman, M. S., J. E. Grove, W. N. Johnson, et al. OSSE Observations of the Vela and Geminga Pulsars. Defense Technical Information Center, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada464424.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Mahajan, S. M., G. Z. Machabeli, and A. D. Rogava. Escaping radio emission from pulsars: Possible role of velocity shear. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/468589.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Strickman, M. S., J. E. Grove, W. N. Johnson, et al. OSSE Observations of the Vela Pulsar. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada464425.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ulmer, M. P., S. M. Matz, R. A. Cameron, et al. OSSE Observations of the Crab Pulsar. Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada461745.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Schroeder, P. C., M. P. Ulmer, S. M. Matz, et al. OSSE Upper Limits to Pulsar Gamma-Ray Emission. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada464427.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gonthier, P. L. Radio-Loud and Radio-Quiet Gamma-Ray Pulsars from the Galactic Plane and the Gould Belt. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839940.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Spitkovsky, Anatoly. Time-dependent Force-free Pulsar Magnetospheres: Axisymmetric and Oblique Rotators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/881123.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Apte, Zachary. Balloon-Borne Gamma-Ray Polarimeter (PoGO) to Study Black Holes, Pulsars, and AGN Jets: Design and Calibration(SULI). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/877479.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Van Etten, Adam. Multi-Zone Modeling of the Pulsar Win Nebula HESS J1825-137. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1029129.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!