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Schiff, Albrecht Johannes. "Optimised PFC circuits for efficient power conversion." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611141.
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Parvareh, Forough. "Solar Repowering of PCC-retrofitted Power Plants." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15473.
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The integration of concentrated solar thermal technology with PCC-retrofitted power plants has the potential to recover the power plant penalty while capturing carbon through the PCC plant. The main contribution of this thesis is showcasing such synergy between solar and PCC-retrofitted power plants through development of a model investigating the solar plant dynamic behaviour and response to external disturbances including climatic changes for the Australian context. Firstly, the potential of solar thermal and/or power energy to compensate for both PCC penalties is investigated. The mode of integrated solar energy with the PCC-retrofitted power plant and the integration point in the superstructure, result in a number of possible configurations among which, three are shown to have a higher potential to meet the operational objective, maintaining the original output rate while PCC is operating. The basic sizing data, a preliminary size of each configuration, operational capability and complexity level involved in the integration of each configuration are established. A limitation was faced in assessing the performance of each option using levelised cost of energy due to the lack of a dynamic profile of high-pressure side feed water preheaters of the PCC-retrofitted power plant. Additionally, a dynamic study on the superstructure was required using the annual dynamic profile of PCC load requirements, carbon price and power demand. Despite these, this work has shown near optimal values for solar multiple and number of full load hours of thermal storage for each configuration. These results are used to select one option for a dynamic model. A comprehensive dynamic study is performed on Option 2 using TRNSYS modelling package. The main operating and control schemes are identified and details of the modelling are provided followed by an analysis of performance results and conclusion and a note for future directions.
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Albadri, Rand. "Jämförande analys av driftsäkerhet medRTU och PLC." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för data-, elektro- och lantmäteriteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-8190.
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Examensarbetet kommer att göra en jämförande analys av driftsäkerhet med trådade signaler till en Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) och en Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) med busstyrning. Rapporten genomfördes som ett uppdrag av Skellefteå Kraft AB för att se om det möjligt att byta till PLC- med busstyrning. Rapporten redogör för grundläggande beskrivning för skillnaden mellan de här två system och kommer att undersöka vilken som är driftsäkrare och lönsammare med hänsyn till krav enligt Svenska Kraftföretagens riktlinjer för dammsäkerhet (Ridas).Med hjälp av kurslitteratur, ABB handboken, internet websidor samt intervjuar med Skellefteå Kraft AB:s personal har arbetets resultat visat att busstyrning med PLC kommer att fungera driftsäkert samt kommer att bli lönsamt jämfört med trådade signaler till RTU. Resultat visat även att det finns ingenting som hindrar att installera busstyrning enligt Ridas men vissa funktioner bör installeras. Rapporten är avgränsat genom att inte ta upp eventuella krav från miljöbalken.<br>This thesis will make a comparative analysis of the operation safety of the wire connection to Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) and Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) with bus-controller. The report describes the basic description of the difference between these two systems and will explore which is safer and more economic with consideration to qualification according to Swedish energy companies' guidelines for dam safety (Ridas).Through course literature, ABB Bok, internet web sits and interviews with Skellefteå Kraft AB staff the result of this report have been created.The report results prove that PLC with bus-controller will operate operationally safe and profitable compared to wire connection to RTU. Results also showed that there is nothing which prevents to install bus-controller according to RIDAS but certain features should be installed.
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Tran, Thanh Kha. "Power Line Communication (PLC) for DC Microgrid systems." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1035.
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L'utilisation de fils électriques pour fournir des capacités de transmission de données, connues sous le nom de Courant Porteur en Ligne (CPL), a beaucoup évolué au cours des dernières années afin de pouvoir répondre à des besoins croissants de transfert de données l’impliquant la communauté scientifique, la recherche industrielle, ainsi que des organismes de réglementation et de normalisation. Les réseaux CPL offrent un certain nombre d’avantages qui en font un complément utile et un concurrent fort pour les solutions de réseau sans fil. Le principal intérêt des réseaux CPL réside sur le coût marginal de déploiement lorsqu'une infrastructure électrique câblée est déjà en place. Les réseaux CPL permettent la communication à des débits de données élevés à travers des obstacles qui dégradent généralement les signaux sans fil. Et constitue donc constitue une alternative peu coûteuse pour compléter les technologies existantes en vue d'une couverture complété d’un bâtiment ou d’un quartier. La plupart des solutions CPL étaient utilisées sur le réseau à courant alternatif (CA), mais avec l’arrivée des énergies renouvelables de nouvelles perspectives s’ouvrent avec les réseaux à courant continu (CC). Cette thèse propose une solution CPL simple et innovante pour une structure maillée micro-réseau pour la distribution et la consommation d'énergie à CC. Cette contribution fait partie du projet Composant Commande Communication des micro-grids DC (C3μ) financé par l’ANR (2016 – 2020). Ce projet propose de remplacer la distribution « classique » d’une architecture (CA) par une architecture de micro-réseau intelligent à CC permettant l’intégration de diverses sources (EnR, batterie, …) pour la distribution d’électricité dans les bâtiments. Cette thèse propose une architecture de Courant Porteur en Ligne pour les micro-réseaux à CC basée sur un nouveau modem physique sur courant porteur sur le bus CC et CAN (une norme ouverte issue de l’industrie automobile). Afin de valider l’architecture, un véritable banc de test pour micro-réseaux à CC avec PV, LED et la batterie a été mis en œuvre pour servir d’outil de test pour la communication. Les tests de transmission de données entre les nœuds de CPL ont permis d’évaluer les performances de notre pile de protocolaire par rapport aux exigences des applications de micro-réseaux CC. Les principaux résultats concernant l'applicabilité de ce concept et ses limites sont également été présentés<br>The use of electrical wires to provide data transmission capabilities, known as Power Line Communication (PLC), has recently attracted considerable attention from the research community and industry, as well as from regulatory and standardization bodies. PLC networks boast several outstanding features that make them both a useful complement and a strong competitor for wireless networking solutions. The most obvious appeal of PLC networks is their low deployment cost when a wired electrical infrastructure is already in place. Besides, PLC networks allow communication through obstacles that commonly degrade wireless signals and deliver high data-rates simultaneously. PLC also provides a low-cost alternative that complements existing technologies with the aim of ubiquitous coverage. However, most PLC solutions are used on the AC grid. Until now, there are only a few studies on PLC for the DC grid, especially the DC microgrid. This thesis focuses on proposing an innovative and straightforward PLC solution for applications in DC energy distribution systems. This subject refers to a part of the C3μ project funded by the National Research Agency of France (ANR). This C3μ project investigates the possibility of using a DC smart microgrid architecture for distributing electricity in buildings instead of an AC one.This thesis has proposed a powerline communication solution for DC microgrid based on a new powerline physical modem on DC bus and CANopen (an open standard coming from the automotive industry). Moreover, a real DC microgrid testbed with PV, LED, and the battery has been implemented as a research tool for communication. The practical data transmission tests between PLC nodes have been carried out to evaluate the performance of our solution against the requirements set by the DC microgrid applications. The main results concerning the applicability of this concept and its limitations have also been presented
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Andersson, Stefan, and Andreas Johansson. "Tillämpning av effektstabilisering i PLC." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1717.
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<p>Syftet med examensarbetet är att digitalt tillämpa en stabilisering av pendlingar i den aktiva effekten hos en synkrongenerator för vattenkraft kopplad till ett distributionsnät.</p><p>Implementeringen är tänkt att ske i en PLC som redan hanterar andra delar av magnetiseringen.</p><p>Effektstabiliseringen görs genom att en motverkande styrsignal skickas till magnetiseringsutrustningen vilken i sin tur påverkar generatorns uteffekt. Denna motverkande styrsignal kan tas fram på olika sätt.</p><p>Två modeller, av IEEE standardiserade, för effektstabilisering undersöks, PSS1A och PSS2B.</p><p>En Simulink-modell över ett distributionsnät med generator byggs upp för att testa effektstabiliseringen.</p><p>Diskretisering av den ena standarden utförs för att digital implementering ska kunna ske. Tester utförs även på denna modell för att kunna validera dess funktion i jämförelse med den kontinuerliga.</p><p>Den tidsdiskreta modellen görs om till ett matematiskt uttryck tillämpbart i PLC:n.</p><p>Jämförelse sker mellan simuleringarna och den tillämpade modellen genom mätningar.</p><br><p>The purpose of the degree project is to make a digital realization of a stabilizer for oscillations in the active power from a hydropower synchronous generator, connected to a power network.</p><p>The implementation is supposed to be done in a PLC which already handles part of the excitation system.</p><p>The power stabilization is achieved by sending a counteracting reference signal to the excitation system which controls the generator’s output power. This counteracting signal can be achieved in several ways.</p><p>Two existing models, standardized by IEEE, for power system stabilizing will be examined, PSS1A and PSS2B.</p><p>A Simulink-model of a distribution net with a generator is constructed to test the stabilizers.</p><p>To perform a digital implementation a discrete transformation of one continuous model is done. This discrete model is also tested to verify the function in comparison to the continuous one.</p><p>The discrete model is reorganized in a form possible to implement in the PLC.</p><p>Comparison between the simulated and the implemented model is made by measurement.</p>
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Imperatore, Mario Vincenzo. "Dielectric spectroscopy as a condition monitoring diagnostic technique for thermally aged PVC/EPR nuclear power plant cables." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13002/.
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I cavi in bassa tensione hanno ruolo fondamentale nel garantire l’operazione in sicurezza di essa pur dovendo sopportare quelle sollecitazioni comunemente presenti negli ambienti nucleari, come elevate temperature, elevati livelli di radiazione, presenza di umidità e di particelle contaminanti, sollecitazioni meccaniche. Queste sollecitazioni causano degradazione dei materiali, in particolare di guaina ed isolante.
Diverse tecniche diagnostiche vengono studiate ed applicate a questi sistemi: analisi di proprietà meccaniche come l’allungamento a rottura (EaB), tecniche come l’analisi termogravimetrica (TGA), la spettroscopia in trasformata di Fourier (FTIR), la misura di carica spaziale, e la spettroscopia dielettrica,vengono studiate.
Fra queste, la spettroscopia dielettrica si è dimostrata essere un’ottima tecnica diagnostica per valutare lo stato di cavi in bassa tensione per centrali nucleari. Questa tesi, svol quindi, mira a contribuire agli studi sulla spettroscopia dielettrica come metodo diagnostico, con particolare attenzione all’aspetto non distruttivo, mostrando come sia possibile misurare le proprietà dielettriche di cavi tripolari isolati in EPR e ricoperti da una guaina in PVC, senza che essi debbano essere distrutti; e come queste proprietà mostrino un’effettiva variazione con le condizioni di invecchiamento.
Grazie alla non invasività della tecnica, che richiede l’asportazione di pochi millimetri di materiale dai provini, i cavi in esame potranno, ipoteticamente, essere reinseriti nella propria ubicazione originale. Un ulteriore sviluppo di questo lavoro potrebbe essere, con appositi giunti ed appositi strumenti di misura, l’estensione di questa tecnica a misure su cavi in funzione così che non sia necessaria la disconnessione del cavo, ma sia possibile effettuare queste misure a distanza, ad intervalli regolari per avere un quadro generale delle condizioni dei cavi elettrici del sistema.
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Oliveira, Otávio Luís de. "Contribuições metodológicas à implementação da tecnologia PLC/BPL." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-23082010-095600/.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo fornecer contribuições metodológicas à implementação da tecnologia PLC/BPL em seus diversos ambientes reais de instalação. São apresentados os aspectos básicos envolvidos, princípio de operação, as topologias das redes PLC, vantagens e desvantagens e exemplos de aplicação. Além disso, são apresentadas as contribuições deste trabalho, as quais visam estabelecer procedimentos no desenvolvimento dos projetos de redes de comunicação que utilizam a tecnologia PLC, assim como procedimentos de instalação nos diversos ambientes reais e os procedimentos para o comissionamento das redes implantadas. São destacados os aspectos relacionados às redes comerciais, as quais possuem inúmeros requisitos de desempenho, manutenção preventiva e/ou corretiva, além dos aspectos financeiros dos projetos e os pontos importantes para atendimento da legislação atualmente em vigor. Finalmente, para cada procedimento apresentado, o mesmo é contextualizado através da apresentação de um caso prático associado.<br>This work aims to provide methodological contributions to PLC/BPL implementations in their several real installation environments. It is presented the basic aspects of the technology as well as the operation principle, the networks topologies, the advantages and the disadvantages and application examples. Furthermore, it is presented the contributions of this work, which goal is to establish procedures related to projects developments of PLC communication networks, some procedures related to the installation process in their real environments and the procedures for commissioning a deployed network. It is emphasized the commercial networks aspects, which demand several performance requirements, the preventive and/or corrective maintenance, as well as the financial aspects and the main topics to comply with the current regulation. Finally, every presented procedure is exemplified with a real case in order to demonstrate its practical functionality.
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Tekgül, Hasan, and Yu Khoon Ng. "Power Measurement Device." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-15407.
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This thesis project aims to develop an embedded system that can measure real-time power consumption of a house and provide information for the user. System consists of a microcontroller unit, a light sensor, RS232 serial interface, battery and an LED. An 18F series 8bit PIC microcontroller was used for this project because PIC is known to be versatile and very low power-consuming. The goal was to get periodic signal from the sensor mounted on the power meter of a house, calculate the power usage and send this data to serial port for communication purposes. The system is connected to PC through RS232 interface as the first step of the project. The power usage information and a simple user interface sent from the PIC are displayed on the HyperTerminal of the PC. The second step was to communicate with a wireless module which is connected to the central unit of the alarm system in a house. This part of the project requires modification of the communication protocol to suit the one that the company uses in the wireless module. As the power source we chose a 9V battery since the system needs 5V to operate. However it is just the prototype. Therefore the power source choice can be changed in future due to company needs. The LED used in the prototype is for testing purposes and it is also due to changes if not needed. As the result of the project, the first step is finished with minimum requirements. The external hardware is built with all the components and the software is implemented successfully. The system can get signals from the photo sensor; the result is calculated according to the duration between two signals; it is sent to the PC via RS232 serial port and displayed on the PC terminal.
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Costa, Luís Guilherme da Silva. "Circuitos de acoplamento para transceptores PLC (Power Line Communications)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4143.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-24<br>Atualmente, há um grande interesse no desenvolvimento de transceptores PLC (power line communication) para a transmissão banda larga e banda estreita de dados visando, sobretudo, aplicações smart grids e de acesso banda larga. Para o avanço da tecnologia PLC, há grande demanda pela introdução de acopladores com características e desempenhos que viabilizem a conexão dos tranceptores PLC `as redes de energia elétrica, com o mínimo de distorção possível. Neste contexto, a presente contribuição versa sobre o estudo, a investigação, especificação, projeto e análise de acopladores capacitados para transceptores PLC SISO (single input single output) banda larga e banda estreita. Para tanto, são introduzidos acopladores PLC nas seguintes faixas de frequências: de 9 kHz `a 2 MHz, de 1,7 MHz `a 100 MHz e de 1,7 MHz `a 150 MHz. As análises dos projetos e dos protótipos dos acopladores, concebidos para operar nas referidas bandas, mostram as dificuldades encontradas para garantir que as especificações de projeto sejam atendidas quando os componentes passivos são comerciais e a faixa de frequência de operação do acoplador aumenta. Além disso, as análises confirmam a necessidade de consideração de técnicas de prototipação de placas de circuitos impresso para sinais de frequência elevada. Finalmente, os resultados de medição mostram que os acopladores para baixa frequência discutidos podem ser utilizados em sistemas de medição de canais PLC.<br>Currently, there is a great interest to develop power line communications (PLC) transceivers for broadband and narrowband data communications for smart grids and network access. However, for advancing PLC technologies, there is a great demand for introduction of couplers for connecting the PLC tranceivers to the electric energy circuits with minimum distortion. This contribution addresses the study, investigation, specification, design, and analysis of capacitive couplers for single input single output (SISO), broadband and narrowband PLC transceivers. Capacity and SISO PLC couplers covering the following frequencies bandwidth are addressed: from 9 kHz up to 2 MHz, from 1,7 MHz up to 100 MHz and from 1,7 MHz up to 150 MHz. The analysis performance of the designed and prototyped PLC couplers for operating in the aforementioned frequencies bandwidths, shows the inherent difficulties to guarantee that the design specifications are fulfilled when passive components are commercial ones and the frequency bandwidth increase. Additionally, the analysis confirms the need for taking into account advancing prototyping techniques for dealing with high-frequency signals. Finally, the measurements show that the discussed narrowband PLC couplers can be used in a PLC channel system.
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Sekot, Karel. "Model úzkopásmové komunikace PLC." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218055.
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This thesis is focused on data communication utilizing low-voltage power distribution lines (PLC). It describes interference in narrowband systems commonly used for remote data collecting, for example. Preamble deals with basic priciples of PLC (signal injecting) and describes the measuring workplace, its wiring and used tools. Following sections define different types and possible sources of interference, operation of the equipment in terms of EMC and other characteristics of the transmission path. The text also analyzes practical interference tests, identifies main parameters affecting data transmision and compares teoretical and practical conclusions.
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Kubíček, Lukáš. "Realizace úzkopásmových PLC modemů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219806.
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This master's thesis deals with a narrowband power line communication technology (PLC) and focuses on the potential use in the sensor networks. This thesis addresses both the structure and basic properties of PLC standard and possible use of this application in practice. The main part of this work is implementation of the PLC networks with IC ST7570 of STMicroelectronics. As an example of practical use of PLC technology, this network is connected to the computer where the data from the sensor (meter) connected to a PLC modem, stored in a database using a PHP script as presented by the Internet. Problem solving in this thesis focuses primarily on the simplicity and universality of the resulting applications.
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Dziura, Michal. "Kaskádní model silnoproudého vedení pro PLC." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219436.
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The thesis is dealing with data transmission over the electric network. It describes PLC technology, its properties, and elements used in this type of network. The important part of this thesis is discussion over the mathematical model of distribution network with two-port cascades. Transmission functions created according to mathematical model were compared with each other. Thesis was concluded with observation of the impact of interconnected parts on transmission function of designed branched conductor. Final results were processed by Matlab and compared with each other.
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Novák, Pavel. "Úzkopásmový PLC modem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242170.
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The theses is focused on the use of PLC technology. The aim of the thesis is creating device which communicates in a narrowband transmission frequency band. Transmission of communication between plc elements runs through the low voltage distribution network. The frequency and phase modulations are used in order to change the character of data signal. Transmitter and receiver parameters are subjects to the CENELEC standard. The theses gives more attention to the area of hardware build communication element rather than the area of programming.
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Skrášek, Tomáš. "Úzkopásmová PLC komunikace se standardy G3-PLC, PRIME a IEEE-1901.2." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220388.
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Diploma thesis is about narrowband PLC communication standards. The theoretical part describes details of all available OFDM standards including G3-PLC, PRIME, IEEE-1901.2 and G.hnem. The practical part deals with PRIME and G3-PLC standards. In this part is also compared OFDM technology with system of single carrier frequency in environment with real interferences. The last part describes developement of two firmwares for PLC modems Texas Instruments TMDSPLCKIT-V3, which allow UART communication and remote data collection. The thesis also includes Windows application developed to display and save collected data.
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Medek, Martin. "Zvyšování řezivosti HSS nástrojů pomocí PVD technologií." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228840.
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Diploma work describes speed drill steels and its qualities before and after coating by methods PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition). The theoretic part is concerned with thermic processing of speed drill steels and their qualities with regard to individual alloying elements contained and its mechanical features. Second part of the theoretic part is concerned with particular methods of coating by the help of PVD technologies, kinds of coating with regard to additional elements and their qualities and surface treatments of coated material before and after its coating. The goal of the experimental part was the confrontation of cutting power features of cylindrical four-fluted face mills with straight shank, from speed drill steels non-coated and coated in two basic modes of milling – down-feed method and upfeed method. The results of measurements were interpreted by the help of four basic pictures (source values, power analysis, specific values). The result of all the experiment is that the application of PVD coatings enabled the increasing of cutting speed (with preservation of other cutting requirements) and led to decreasing of cutting force and cutting enforcements and extended durability of cutters.
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Sun, Jingmeng. "A wafer-thick trench isolation technology for automotive PIC applications /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202009%20SUN.
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Szalbot, Michal. "Wattmetr s podporou komunikace PLC." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220633.
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Our thesis is about development of equipment, which combine two technology. First technology is wattmeter which is used to energy measurement and second is Power line communication. Wattmeter needs two variables for measurement, voltage and current. Voltage measurement is less difficult than measurement of current. Voltage can be reduce and measured by A/D converter. Current has to be transform to voltage and than can be measured same way. To do that we use current transformer. Than we design program for the microcontroller, involvement and PCB. Wattmeter is connect to PLC modem which has been chosen. Fusing this two technology we create wattmeter network. Next step was program which is used to network control and data collecting. This data are used to create charts in web application.
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Picorone, Antonio Angelo Missiaggia. "Comunicação digital em canais PLC: técnicas de transmissão, detecção e caracterização de canais PLC outdoor brasileiros." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2014. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4168.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-22<br>Esta tese discute a medição e a caracterização das redes de distribuição de energia elétrica de baixa tensão (RDE-BT) e externa (outdoor) como meio de comunicação de dados para sistemas power line communication (PLC). São apresentados e discutidos diversos parâmetros obtidos a partir de uma campanha de medição realizada na RDE-BT de uma concessionária brasileira. Dentre os parâmetros analisados destacam-se o tempo de coerência, banda de coerência, espalhamento do atraso, comprimento da resposta ao impulso do canal e capacidade do canal, quando se considera as bandas de frequências de 1,7 a 30 MHz, 1,7 a 50 MHz e 1,7 a 100 MHz. As análises estatísticas evidenciam o potencial da rede de energia elétrica como meio de comunicação e discute os limites dessa potencialidade. Além disso, são propostos modelos de densidade espectral de potência dos ruídos, caracterização esparsa de canais PLC e proposto um modelo para geração de canais PLC variantes no tempo, cujo tempo de coerência entre as realizações dos canais é controlado. A estimação de canais PLC é apresentada como uma oportunidade de aplicação das técnicas de amostragem compressiva. Os resultados relacionados com as modelagens propostas constituem um ferramental de grande utilidade para projetar e analisar o desempenho de sistemas PLC.<br>This dissertation aims at discussing the measurement and characterization of outdoor electric power grid of low voltage as communication medium (power line communication - PLC). Statistical analyses carried out on several parameters such as average channel gain, coherence time, coherence bandwidth, delay spread, length of the channel impulse response, and channel capacity, when it is considered the frequency bands from 1.7 to 30 MHz, from 1.7 up to 50 MHz, and from 1.7 up to 100 MHz, are presented. These analyses reveal the circumstances in which outdoor and low-voltage electric power grids can be advantageous to support a reliable and efficient PLC system operation. Moreover, power spectral density models of additive noise and sparse representation of PLC channels are proposed. Also, a PLC time-varying channels model generator that makes use of coherence time is introduced. The proposed model generator, which is validated with measured PLC channels, is an effective tool to carry out performance analysis of PLC systems. Finally, PLC channel estimation is highlighted as an opportunity for the application of compressive sampling-based techniques. The use of traditional OFDM - based channel estimation techniques and the ones based on compressive sensing gives some directions for advancing channel estimation techniques for PLC channels.
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Van, Vleet Stacey A. "The "righteous power" of modern Tibetan music within the PRC (China)." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433515.
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AlShehab, Ali Saeed. "Development and analysis of high-frequency, high-density PFC power conversion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106076.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "September 2015."<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-85).<br>This thesis explores the design of power converters that deliver isolated low-voltage dc output (~24V) and operate from "universal" ac input voltage (85 - 264 Vac RMS). It is important that these converters have good overall efficiency (~90-95%), and good ac line power factor (>0.9, and ideally >0.95) to better utilize the available energy. This thesis looks into achieving high efficiency, high power factor, low voltage stresses, and smaller component sizes by utilizing high frequency operation. The research focuses on component and subsystem evaluation, development and testing as a part of many-person research in this space. The thesis presents a literature based study on current PFC circuit designs and tradeoffs. It also introduces a specific PFC architecture, which provides a low dc output voltage drawing energy from a wide range ac input voltage while maintaining a high power factor. The architecture includes two stages: The first is a "Power Factor Correction" (PFC) which functions as an input stage drawing energy from a wide-range input current. It uses a resonant transition inverted (RTI) buck converter topology to step down the voltage from line voltage (85 - 264 Vac RMS) to around 72V. Furthermore, the inductor for the RTI buck is analyzed. The middle stage is an energy buffer to provide the required energy level for twice line frequency energy buffering and 20ms of energy hold up. The capacitor requirements, analysis, and selection are explored and developed. The second stage is a transformation and regulation stage which also provides electrical isolation between the ac input and dc output. The thesis also explores the use of available conventional high-density telecom "brick" converters as a second stage. In conclusion, the project explores the possibility of using a buck configuration for the PFC, sacrificing the ability to use high energy density 400V capacitors while gaining the advantage of using the high-density telecom brick converters and different output voltage options.<br>by Ali Saeed AlShehab.<br>M. Eng.
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Mrákava, Petr. "Realizace počítačových modelů vedení pro PLC." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218227.
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The subject of this thesis is to become familiar with the different parameters describing the lines, and the possibility of modeling data and power models. The thesis also outlined the difference in the mechanical structure of different types of cables. The practical part focuses only on the power cables and measure their basic parameters. Then is created computer model which describes the behavior of cable lines at higher frequencies than are primarily intended. The final section is an experimental network created by the PLC for remote reading of electricity meters, and it measured different transmission properties.
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Bayram, Yasemin Çalış Hakan. "PIC kontrollü kesintisiz güç kaynağı tasarımı ve gerçekleştirilmesi /." Isparta : SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TF01126.pdf.
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Sawada, Naoya, Takaya Yamazato, and Masaaki Katayama. "Bit and power allocation for power-line communications under nonwhite and cyclostationary noise environment." IEEE, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/13974.
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Grote, Tobias [Verfasser]. "Digital control for interleaved boost power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers / Tobias Grote." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/105184813X/34.
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Sullivan, Kay Ueda 1980. "PIC simulation of SPT Hall thrusters : high power operation and wall effects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17839.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-79).<br>The fully kinetic Hall Thruster simulation built by [1] and used by [2] is further refined and used to obtain results for the P5 SPT Hall thruster at 3kw and 5kw operation. Performance data agree well with experiments [3], although very low values of anomalous diffusivity must be used for convergence. Particle temperatures and plasma potentials in the chamber are similar to experimental results, although charged particles and peak ionization rates are found further upstream than is observed experimentally. Electron transport mechanisms and the magnetic field configuration are analyzed for their physical consistency and effect on particle placement. Electron mobility rates are found to be physical although the reason for high Hall parameter is still unclear. Strong magnetic mirror effects, that are not reported in experimental data, are found in the simulation. Meanwhile, two sputtering models are added to the simulation and tested. A yield model based on [4]'s theories and implemented with [5]'s functions is found to agree well with experimental yield data for 300eV to 1000eV sources, but produces small yields at thruster operating conditions.<br>by Kay Ueda Sullivan.<br>S.M.
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Klintrot, Oskar, and Daniel Forsström. "Lastfördelning och effektmätning med Arduino och PLC." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34236.
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Detta arbete var beställt av Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmar. Skolan ville ha en enhet som kunde mäta aktiv-, reaktiv- och skenbar effekt, ström, spänning, frekvens och cosϕ på en generator och som kommunicerade vidare dessa värden till en PLC. Detta för att kunna lastfördela lasten mellan ett antal generatorer i kursen Tillämpad elteknik 15 hp där studenterna bygger en generatorinstallation med tre generatorer. Ett funktionsblock för lastfördelning skulle också programmeras. Prototypen som konstruerades baserades på en Arduino Ethernet och kommunikationen löstes med Modbus TCP/IP över Ethernet. Ett lastfördelningsprogram programmerades i form av ett funktionsblock som studenterna kunde importera till CoDeSys v2.3 och använda i sina installationer. Prototypen kunde läsa av värdena med ungefär samma noggrannhet som ett kommersiellt instrument som använder sig av samma mätteknik som prototypen. Uppdateringsfrekvensen var dock lägre än hos ett kommersiellt instrument. Kommunikationen med PLC:n fungerade utan problem. Då ingen undervisning hölls i arbetets slutskede kunde inte lastfördelningen testas på en fullskalig anläggning. Lastfördelningsprogrammet klarade dock av att hålla rätt frekvens på en ensam generator och fungerade som tänkt när programmet testades i en simulator. Prototypen gav fel mätvärden vid kapacitiv last. Vid jämförelse med en kommersiell tångamperemeter visade sig mätfelet bero på mätmetoden då båda gav liknande resultat. Som referens användes en professionell elkvalitetsanalysator. Alla uppdragsgivarens krav blev uppfyllda och arbetet kommer att kunna användas i undervisningen.<br>This thesis was ordered by Kalmar Maritime Academy. The request was for a device that could measure active, reactive and apparent power, as well as frequency, voltage, current and cosϕ on a generator. The measured values would be communicated to a PLC for use in a load sharing program between a number of generators in the course Tillämpad elteknik, 15 ECTS. In that course the students constructs a three-generator electric power grid. Included in the request was also to program a load sharing program. The prototype being constructed was based on the Arduino Ethernet, and the communication was enabled by means of the Modbus TCP/IP protocol over Ethernet. A load sharing program was created in the form of a function block which the student could import into the CoDeSys for use in the generator systems. The prototype could measure values with close to the same accuracy as a commercial available instrument that were using the same technique for measuring. The refresh rate was however lower than the commercial available instrument. Communication with the PLC worked without any issues. No full-scale testing could be done since no course was held during the final stages of the thesis, however the load sharing program could keep frequency on a single generator alone and worked in a simulated soft environment. Measuring errors occurred when measuring a capacitive load. When comparing to a commercial available clamp meter, the same errors occurred. As a reference a professional power and energy quality analyser was used. All the requests were fulfilled and the result of this thesis will be used in the educational programme at the Academy.
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Filomeno, Mateus de Lima. "Cooperative communication for broadband PLC and PLC/wireless systems: achievable data rate analyses." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6685.
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Previous issue date: 2018<br>Esta dissertação tem como objetivo discutir as comunicações cooperativas híbrida e não híbrida aplicadas a sistemas de comunicação de dados em banda larga e em ambientes residenciais. Nesse sentido, o modelo de canal com retransmissor único em dois estágios é investigado para sistemas de comunicação em banda larga através da rede de energia elétrica. Este modelo de canal cooperativo é formado pela concatenação de dois canais com retransmissor único, cobrindo enlaces de comunicação de dados com até dois saltos. Além disso, um modelo de canal híbrido com retransmissor único, utilizando rede elétrica e ar, é analisado para sistemas de comunicação de dados em banda larga em que enlaces de até um salto são considerados. Expressões de taxas de dados alcançáveis ergódicas são derivadas
para os modelos de canais cooperativos híbridos e não híbridos, a fim de compará-los.
Devido às características de canais e ruído das redes de energia elétrica, os resultados numéricos são baseados em um conjunto de dados constituído por estimativas de canais e medições de ruído cobrindo a faixa de frequência de 1, 7 a 100 MHz e diferentes posições do nó retransmissor. Para os canais sem fio, o modelo HIPERLAN/2 com a mesma largura de banda é utilizado, considerando uma freqüência central de 5 GHz, enquanto o ruído aditivo é considerado branco gaussiano. Com relação aos sistemas de comunicação através da rede energia elétrica, mostra-se que o modelo de canal com retransmissor único em dois estágios é a melhor opção quando o enlace da fonte ao destino encontra-se severamente degradado (por exemplo, alta atenuação de sinal devido à longa distância entre nós fonte e destino e/ou presença de ruído de alta potência). Quando a degradação do canal não é acentuada, o modelo de canal de dois saltos é mais apropriado. Acerca dos sistemas híbridos, constata-se que, quando o retransmissor está no meio do caminho entre fonte e destino, o modelo de canal híbrido com retransmissor único apresenta o melhor desempenho em termos de taxa de dados alcançável ergódica, enquanto o modelo de canal híbrido de um salto oferece os melhores resultados para outros casos.<br>This dissertation aims to discuss hybrid and non-hybrid cooperative communications applied to in-home broadband data communication systems. In this sense, the two-stage single-relay channel model is investigated for in-home broadband power line communication systems. This cooperative channel model consists of the concatenation of two single-relay channels, covering data communication links with up to two hops. Moreover, a hybrid power line/wireless single-relay channel model is analyzed for broadband data communication systems, considering one-hop links. Ergodic achievable data rate expressions are derived for both hybrid and non-hybrid cooperative channel models in order to compare them. Due to channel and noise characteristics of electric power grids, numerical results are based on a data set constituted by power line channel estimates and additive noise measurements covering the frequency band from 1.7 up to 100 MHz and different relay positions. For wireless channels, the HIPERLAN/2 model with the same bandwidth is used, but at a central frequency of 5 GHz, while the additive noise is considered to be Gaussian white. Regarding only power line communication systems, it is shown that the two-stage single-relay channel model is the best option when the source-to-destination link
is severely degraded (e.g., high signal attenuation due to the long distance between source and destination nodes and/or high-power noise presence). When the channel degradation is not severe, the two-hop channel model is more appropriate. Concerning hybrid systems, it is observed that, when the relay is halfway between source and destination nodes, the hybrid single-relay channel model presents the best performance in terms of ergodic achievable data rate, while the hybrid one-hop channel model yields the best results for other cases.
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Pataj, Jiří. "Návrh a realizace domácí sítě LAN technologií PLC." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218226.
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Master’s thesis deals with possibilities of data communication on low voltage power lines, so-called PLC. This technology allows data transfer on power lines. According frequency band the PLC can be subdivide into narrowband or broadband class. Given are theoretical knowledge’s of data communication on power lines and describes technical solutions. Consequently is suggestion of LAN, which is accessible for commercial usage made by DS2 and his suitable for home use. The main acquisition is implementing and measuring this experimentally created LAN in family house. The results are real bitrates depending on distance and quality of specific connection.
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Matejov, Michal. "Pasivní PFC filtry pro spínané napájecí zdroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217598.
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This work deals with theory of switched power sources. There is description of the ways for connection and their practice purposes. In the next parts there are defined requirements on input supply circuit for these sources, especially for the form of output current. There are mentioned the basic connecting methods of PFC circuits and these methods modify the output current to meet the requirements of specification ČSN EN 61000- 3- 2. In the next parts there are shown simulations of PFC circuits made by Pspice application. Further is the basic description of sources construction for the sources which were used for testing and measuring. The final part deals with evaluation of the measuring on the chosen computer’s source. It compares between the manufacturer’s solutions and PFC circuit made by ourselves.
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Sang, Tingting. "Integrated Electro-thermal Design Methodology in Distributed Power Systems (DPS)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9678.
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Although suitable CAD tools for thermal and electrical analyses in power electronic systems are available, traditional stand-alone simulation method seldom takes into consideration of the inter-dependency of semiconductor device power loss and junction temperature in an iterative process. However these dependencies are important, especially for applications where both cooling and power losses are driven by complex mechanisms.
For a power supply system, a dynamic design process is necessary to address both electrical and thermal issues. It is because the steady state temperatures of the system are obtained from loss-and-temperature iteration. Once a system solid body model is built, iterations between power loss and junction temperature calculations are performed to obtain the steady state temperature distribution. Since reliability and failure rate of components are directly related to temperatures, an accurate model is critical to provide proper thermal management, which achieves maximum power density. All cooling-related data such as placement of components, airflow rate, heat sink size, and device types are subjected to design changes in order to meet ultimately the temperature requirements.
The goal of this thesis is to demonstrate the benefits of integrated analysis and design tools applied in distributed power supply systems designs. First, it will significantly speed up the design process and eliminate the errors resulting from repeated manual data entry and information exchange. Second, the integrated electrical-thermal design tools encompass electrical, thermal, layout, and packaging design to obtain the optimal system design.<br>Master of Science
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Imran, Mara. "China's space program : a new tool for PRC "soft power" in international relations?" Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5473.
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When China launched an anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon in January 2007 to destroy
one of its inactive weather satellites, most reactions from academics and U.S. space
experts focused on a potential military “space race” between the United States and China.
Overlooked, however, is China’s growing role as global competitor on the non-military
side of space. China’s space program goes far beyond military counterspace applications
and manifests manned space aspirations, including lunar exploration. Its pursuit of both
commercial and scientific international space ventures constitutes a small, yet growing,
percentage of the global space launch and related satellite service industry. It also
highlights China’s willingness to cooperate with nations far away from Asia for political
and strategic purposes. These partnerships may constitute a challenge to the United States
and enhance China’s “soft power” among key American allies and even in some regions
traditionally dominated by U.S. influence (e.g., Latin America and Africa). Thus, an
appropriate U.S. response may not lie in a “hard power” counterspace effort but instead
in a revival of U.S. space outreach of the past, as well as implementation of more
business-friendly export control policies.
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Chambers, Rob W. "China's space program a new tool for PRC "soft power" in international relations?" Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FChambers.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Far East, Southeast Asia, Pacific))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.<br>Thesis Advisor: Moltz, James Clay. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author subject terms: China, People's Republic of China, space, satellites, soft power, counterspace, APSCO, APRSAF, U.S. space policy, space security, ASAT, ITAR Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-124). Also available in print.
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Gamboa, Gustavo. "REALIZATION OF POWER FACTOR CORRECTION AND MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING FOR LOW POWER WIND TURBINES." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4283.
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In recent years, wind energy technology has become one of the top areas of interest for energy harvesting in the power electronics world. This interest has especially peaked recently due to the increasing demand for a reliable source of renewable energy. In a recent study, the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) ranked the U.S as the leading competitor in wind energy harvesting followed by Germany and Spain. Although the United States is the leading competitor in this area, no one has been able successfully develop an efficient, low-cost AC/DC convertor for low power turbines to be used by the average American consumer. There has been very little research in low power AC/DC converters for low to medium power wind energy turbines for battery charging applications. Due to the low power coefficient of wind turbines, power converters are required to transfer the maximum available power at the highest efficiency. Power factor correction (PFC) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been proposed for high power wind turbines. These turbines are out of the price range of what a common household can afford. They also occupy a large amount of space, which is not practical for use in one's home. A low cost AC/DC converter with efficient power transfer is needed in order to promote the use of cheaper low power wind turbines. Only MPPT is implemented in most of these low power wind turbine power converters. The concept of power factor correction with MPPT has not been completely adapted just yet. The research conducted involved analyzing the effect of power factor correction and maximum power point tracking algorithm in AC/DC converters for wind turbine applications. Although maximum power to the load is always desired, most converters only take electrical efficiency into consideration. However, not only the electrical efficiency must be considered, but the mechanical energy as well. If the converter is designed to look like a purely resistive load and not a switched load, a wind turbine is able to supply the maximum power with lower conduction loss at the input side due to high current spikes. Two power converters, VIENNA with buck converter and a Buck-boost converter, were designed and experimentally analyzed. A unique approach of controlling the MPPT algorithm through a conductance G for PFC is proposed and applied in the VIENNA topology. On the other hand, the Buck-boost only operates MPPT. With the same wind profile applied for both converters, an increase in power drawn from the input increased when PFC was used even when the power level was low. Both topologies present their own unique advantages. The main advantage for the VIENNA converter is that PFC allowed more power extraction from the turbine, increasing both electrical and mechanical efficiency. The buck-boost converter, on the other hand, presents a very low component count which decreases the overall cost and volume. Therefore, a small, cost-effective converter that maximizes the power transfer from a small power wind turbine to a DC load, can motivate consumers to utilize the power available from the wind.<br>M.S.E.E.<br>School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Electrical Engineering MSEE
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Kurkjian, John G. "Leveraging PLC Technology to Interface Network Sensors and Subsystems on Legacy Platforms." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596455.
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ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV<br>Power line communications (PLC)-based transceivers provide an alternative to establishing dedicated aircraft Ethernet networks. Adding new aircraft functionality or installing special purpose instrumentation often requires significant engineering and aircraft down time to complete. PLC-based networks can reduce project cost and schedule by enabling localized aircraft modifications and leveraging existing aircraft wiring for the Ethernet medium. PLC standards continue to evolve and achieve greater throughput rates and noise mitigation. Ethernet communications have been tested over AC and DC power busses, data busses, and discrete wiring. PLC networks have been successfully demonstrated in avionics test beds and aircraft (including live video transfers) without causing interference to the basic systems or the underlying wiring functionality. PLC transceivers provide a cost effective solution to the adding Ethernet capabilities or Ethernet-based subsystems to existing aircraft.
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Lunde, Dominic Charles. "A Homegrown DSMC-PIC Model for Electric Propulsion." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2066.
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Powering spacecraft with electric propulsion is becoming more common, especially in CubeSat-class satellites. On account of the risk of spacecraft interactions, it is important to have robust analysis and modeling tools of electric propulsion engines, particularly of the plasma plume. The Navier-Stokes equations used in classic continuum computational fluid dynamics do not apply to the rarefied plasma, and therefore another method must be used to model the flow. A good solution is to use the DSMC method, which uses a combination of particle modeling and statistical methods for modeling the simulated molecules. A DSMC simulation known as SINATRA has been developed with the goal to model electric propulsion plumes. SINATRA uses an octree mesh, is written in C++, and is designed to be expanded by further research. SINATRA has been initially validated through several tests and comparisons to theoretical data and other DSMC models. This thesis examines expanding the functionality of SINATRA to simulate charged particles and make SINATRA a DSMC-PIC hybrid. The electric potential is calculated through a 7-point 3D stencil on the mesh nodes and solved with a Gauss-Seidel solver. It is validated through test cases of charged particles to demonstrate the accuracy and capabilities of the model. An ambipolar diffusion test case is compared to a neutral diffusion case and the electric field is shown to stabilize the diffusion rate. A steady state flow test case shows the simulation is able to stabilize and solve the electric potential for a plume-like scenario. It includes additional features to simplify further research including a comprehensive user manual, industry-standard version control, text file inputs, GUI control, and simple parallelism of the simulation. Compilation and execution are standardized to be simple and platform independent to allow longevity of the code base. Finally, the execution bottlenecks of linking particles to cells and particle moving were removed to reduce the simulation time by 95%.
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Dias, Camila Caldeira Nunes. "Da pulverização ao monopólio da violência: expansão e consolidação do Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) no sistema carcerário paulista." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-13062012-164151/.
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O presente trabalho visa compreender o processo de expansão e consolidação do Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) no sistema prisional paulista e a figuração social que se constituiu nas prisões como resultado da monopolização das oportunidades de poder pelo PCC. Para tanto, conceitos e concepções teóricas de Norbert Elias são utilizados como ferramentas analíticas para o tratamento do material empírico colhido a partir de fontes diversas. O trabalho é composto por dois eixos de análise: eixo horizontal/processual e eixo vertical/figuracional. O eixo de análise horizontal ou processual aborda o fenômeno de um ponto de vista macrossociológico, em que se focaliza o processo social de desenvolvimento do PCC tendo em vista fatores sociais, políticos e administrativos que direta ou indiretamente estão atrelados a ele. Ainda como parte desse eixo de análise, o processo de expansão do PCC é considerado em termos das várias etapas que o compõem, tendo em vista o papel da violência física direta no exercício do seu poder. O eixo de análise vertical ou figuracional tem como objetivo a compreensão da dinâmica social produzida a partir deste processo. Considerando uma figuração social como ponto de partida da análise, denominada figuração pré-PCC, procurou-se apresentar as transformações ocorridas no universo prisional e que constituíram uma nova figuração social. A nova figuração social produzida a partir da hegemonia do PCC é constituída por uma teia de interdependência individual mais longa e complexa, com uma maior divisão funcional e integração social entre os seus componentes. Diante desta nova forma de dependência, os controles sociais sobre o comportamento individual foram ampliados e centralizados na posição ocupada pelo PCC. A estrutura e organização do PCC, sua dinâmica política e o controle social que adquire a forma de imposição do autocontrole individual, são questões centrais nesta parte do trabalho. O eixo vertical é finalizado com uma discussão sobre a relação de dependência do PCC em face da administração prisional, em que o dispositivo do Regime Disciplinar Diferenciado (RDD) é central na manutenção do equilíbrio de poder que garante a hegemonia do PCC e a estabilidade da ordem social do universo prisional. Uma reflexão que perpassa todo o trabalho e que é desenvolvida no capítulo final coloca em discussão a pacificação social que é vista como o efeito mais expressivo do processo de consolidação do poder do PCC. Neste sentido, a fragilidade deste processo é apontada a partir da sua natureza conjuntural e das bases precárias nas quais está apoiado o poder hegemônico do PCC.<br>The present work aims to understand the process of expansion and consolidation of the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) in São Paulo prison system and the social figuration that is formed in prisons as a result of the monopolization of the opportunities by the power of PCC. To this end, concepts and theoretical conceptions of Norbert Elias are used as analytical tools for the treatment of empirical data collected from various sources. The work consists of two lines of analysis: axis horizontal / vertical axis and procedural / figurational. The horizontal axis analytical or procedural approaches the phenomenon from a macrosociological point of view, which focuses on the social development of the PCC with a view to social, political and administrative problems that are directly or indirectly linked to it. Also as part of the analysis area, the expansion of the PCC is considered in terms of several steps that compose it, owing to the role of direct physical violence in the exercise of its power. The vertical axis or figurational analysis aims at understanding the social dynamics produced from this process. Whereas a social figuration as a starting point of analysis, called figuration \"pre- PCC\", tried to show the changes in the prison world, which constituted a new social figuration. The new social representation produced from the hegemony of the PCC consists of a web of a longer and more complex individual interdependence, with greater functional division and social integration among its components. Given this new form of dependency, the social controls on individual behavior have been expanded and centralized in the position occupied by the PCC. The structure and organization of the PCC, its political dynamics and social control which takes the form of imposition of individual self-control are central issues in this part of the work. The vertical axis is concluded with a discussion of the dependence of the PCC in the face of the prison administration, where the device Regime Disciplinar Diferenciado (RDD) is central in maintaining the balance of power that ensures the hegemony of the PCC and the stability of the order social of the prison. A reflection that permeates all the work that is developed in the final chapter calls into question the social pacification that is seen as the most significant effect of the consolidation of power of the PCC. In this sense, the fragility of this process is identified from its contextual nature and the precarious foundations on which rests the hegemonic power of the PCC.
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Camponogara, Ândrei. "Measurement and characterization of aircraft PLC channels." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5516.
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Previous issue date: 2016-08-19<br>Esta dissertação tem como objetivo discutir a caracterização da rede de energia elétrica que alimenta os equipamentos de instrumentação de uma aeronave de ensaios de voo. Para a caracterização desses canais, uma campanha de medição foi realizada dentro da aeronave, de forma que dois arranjos de cabos foram adotados. Um representa a topologia em árvore, típica em aeronaves, enquanto que o segundo refere-se a uma proposta, a qual tem por objetivo compensar os problemas causados pelo modo comum através da redução do efeito de multi-percurso. No intuito de auxiliar o desenvolvimento das novas gerações de tecnologia de comunicação via rede de energia elétrica (power line communication -PLC) para aeronave e levando em conta o padrão aeronáutico RTCA/DO-160G, análises dos canais PLC medidos são realizadas em termos de ganho médio do canal, raiz quadrada do atraso médio de propagação, tempo de coerência, banda de coerência e capacidade do canal. Em relação ao ruído aditivo medido, análises da densidade espectral de potência e informações estatísticas são descritas. Além disso, distribuições de probabilidade são consideradas para modelá-lo e parâmetros do ruído impulsivo são discutidos. Em seguida, análises da impedância de acesso mostram importantes características dos cabos de ener-gia elétrica utilizados para alimentar os equipamentos de instrumentação da aeronave de ensaios de voo. Por fim, comparações entre os canais PLC medidos em residências Brasilei-ras mostram que a tecnologia PLC disponível no mercado (desenvolvida para residências) é útil para aplicações em aeronave.<br>This dissertation aims to discuss the characterization of the flight test aircraft power line channels related to the 28 Vdc electric power grids designed to supply energy to the in-strumentation equipments. For characterizing these channels, a measurement campaign was carried out aboard an aircraft and two data communication configurations of power lines were taken into account. While one represents a typical aircraft tree-shape topology of cable bundles, the second one is a proposal aiming at compensating the common-mode problems by reducing the multipath effects. In the light of aeronautic standard RTCA/DO-160G, analyses of measured power line communication (PLC) channels in terms of average channel gain, root mean square - delay spread, coherence time, coher-ence bandwidth, and channel capacity gives some directions to design novel generations of PLC technology for aircraft applications. Regarding the measured additive noises, anal-yses based on power spectral density and evaluated statistic information are addressed. Moreover, symmetric statistical distributions are considered to model the measured addi-tive noise. In addition, parameters of impulsive presence in the measured additive noise are discussed, and analysis of the access impedance shows some important characteristics of typical power lines used to supply energy to instrumentation equipments in a flight test aircraft. Finally, a comparison with the Brazilian in-home PLC channels shows that the PLC technology on-the-shelf (designed for in-home PLC) is also useful for aircraft applications.
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Šťastný, Ladislav. "Detekcia prechodu nulou pre účely synchronizácie hodín v prostredí PLC komunikácie." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371798.
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The doctoral thesis proposes a synchronization event detection method suitable for establishing a common time base across devices using power-line communication. The technique facilitates the creation of a synchronization procedure for smart grid terminal devices, thus bringing to the low-voltage segment new functionalities already known from the higher voltage levels of the distribution network. High-precision, zero-cross line voltage detection was employed as the synchronization event. The use of the PLL (phase-locked loop) was considered and analyzed as a potentially applicable option; however, such a solution proved to be insufficiently robust against interference. Further, an FFT-based approach was designed and reviewed. The technique performs zero-cross detection, but only for the fundamental harmonic component that remains the same across the entire network. The influence of incoherent sampling on the FFT, too, was tested during the development of the method; in this context, coherent sampling was found to constitute an essential prerequisite for accurate detection as it allows us to eliminate the spectral leakage error. The impact of an AD converter on the detection accuracy was also evaluated. The proposed approach ensures the accuracy required for all common measurements and operations to improve the production, distribution, and consumption of electricity through smart grids.
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Sláčik, Ján. "Síťová komunikace po napájecím vedení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242125.
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The master’s thesis is dealing with PLC technology and its modem realization based on several types of standards by using commercially available integrated circuits. This projects also describes fundamentals and prerequisites for building the PLC network fulfilling the European standard CENELEC. The work further describes designed system concept, which serves as the automated system for the appliances connected to an electrical network. Components are selected for implementation and then is introduced concrete solution and implementation power-line network. Within the work are then other parts, that together form a system concept. Work includes the hardware and software implementation and a description of the options implemented system.
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Oliveira, Thiago Rodrigues. "The characterization of hybrid PLC-wireless and PLC channels in the frequency band between 1.7 and 100 MHz for data communication." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/940.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-24<br>Essa tese de doutorado apresenta, inicialmente, uma metodologia a ser empregada para
a caracterização de redes de energia elétrica para fins de comunicação de dados. Esta
metodologia engloba todos os procedimentos e ferramentas de processamento de sinais
necessárias para a estimação de características importantes para a avaliação de canais
de comunicação de dados. Em seguida, são apresentados resultados da aplicação de tal
metodologia em dados provenientes de uma campanha de medição realizada em ambientes
internos em residências brasileiras. Algumas características importantes desses canais, tais
como ganho médio, banda de coerência, tempo de coerência, o valor quadrático médio
do espalhamento de atraso, capacidade do canal e densidade espectral de potência do
ruído, são analizadas considerando três bandas de frequência: de 1,7 até 30 MHz, de
1,7 até 50 MHz e de 1,7 até 100 MHz. Comparando os resultados de canais power line
communication (PLC) em ambientes residenciais brasileiros com aqueles medidos em
outros países, tais como Espanha, Estados Unidos, França e Itália, podemos notar que
canais PLC brasileiros apresentam, em geral, menores atenuações, são menos seletivos
em frequência e possuem menores espalhamentos de atraso. Por fim, um novo meio de
comunicação baseada nas tecnologias PLC e sem fio é apresentada e definida como híbrido
PLC-sem fio o qual permite a comunicação física e à distância com a rede de energia
elétrica para fins de comunicação de dados. Tal canal de comunicação é avaliado em
residências brasileiras e importantes características são extraídas e discutidas. Embora
o canal híbrido PLC-sem fio tenha se mostrado mais adverso que o canal PLC para a
comunicação de dados, a introdução da mobilidade, de uma forma que é impossível de se
obter em sistemas puramente PLC, constitui sua principal vantagem. Essa mobilidade é
um importante atrativo que coloca sistemas híbridos em uma posição privilegiada dentre
os candidatos para compor a infraestrutura de telecomunicações em redes inteligentes
(smart grids), ou para ser usada como uma ferramenta para promover a inclusão digital
da população carente de países pobres ou em desenvolvimento.<br>This work outlines initially a methodology to be applied to the characterization of electric
power grids for data communication purposes. This methodology englobes all the procedures
and required signal processing tools for a reliable estimation of features that allow
the suitability of a media for data communication. Next, PLC (power line communication)
channel results provided by the use of such methodology in a data set obtained from a
measurement campaing in in-home Brazilian places are presented. The analyzed channel
features are the average channel gain, the coherence bandwidth, the coherence time,
the root mean squared delay spread, the channel capacity and the noise power spectral
density by considering the following frequency bands: from 1.7 up to 30 MHz, from 1.7
up to 50 MHz and from 1.7 up to 100 MHz. Comparisons among the results for in-home
Brazilian PLC channels with other provided for other countries such as Spain, United
States, France and Italy showed that, in general, in-home Brazilian PLC channels present
smaller attenuation, are less frequency selective and showed smaller delay spread than these
countries. Finally, a new medium to provide data communication is presented and defined
as hybrid PLC-wireless, in which PLC and wireless technologies are combined. Such
novel communication channel is characterized in in-home Brazilian places and important
channel features are estimated and discussed. Though the hybrid PLC-wireless channel
has been shown more adverse than the PLC channel, the introduction of mobility is its
main advantage, something that is impossible in traditional PLC technologies. Thus, this
mobility is an important issue that puts hybrid PLC-wireless technologies in a privileged
position among the candidates to form the communication infrastructure for smart grids,
or to be used as a too to solve the digital divide problem that is more accentuated in poor
and in developing countries.
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Koh, Hyunsoo. "Modeling and Control of Single Switch Bridgeless SEPIC PFC Converter." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34125.
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Due to increasing concerns on the power quality, power factor correction (PFC) has become an important issue in light-emitting diode (LED) lighting applications. A boost converter is one of the most well-known PFC topologies, due to its simple circuitry, simple control scheme and small number of passive components. Even though a boost converter is recognized as a typical PFC converter, its output voltage must be higher than its input voltage. This feature is disadvantageous because the device requires an additional buck-stage for LED lighting systems.
As an alternative to the boost converter, a single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) allows output voltage to be lower or higher than the input voltage. Thus, the SEPIC converter is gaining popularity as a LED driver because it does not require additional power conversion stage. However, designing a controller to meet stability requirements and international standards is quite challenging for SEPIC converters. Additionally, if the digital controller is adopted for its built-in communication features, creating a digitally controlled SEPIC converter would be even more challenging.
This thesis focuses on the state-space averaging modeling of the SEPIC PFC converter and the design of controllers based on both analog and digital controls with precise modeling. The proposed SEPIC converter incorporates RC damping circuits to avoid the instability, and
thus the entire SEPIC converter becomes a 5th order system. Such a high-order system model was derived mathematically and verified with circuit simulator modeling. After verification of the circuit model, the controller was designed with analog transfer functions and converted to and the discrete domain for digital controller implementation. A 150-W single-switch bridgeless SEPIC PFC converter prototype was built accordingly to verify the design. In addition to the current loop controller design for stability, a feed-forward compensator for is introduced and derived for better waveform quality. Simulation results and experiment results are also presented to verify the complete controller with feed-forward compensation. The Texas Instruments (TI) digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 was adopted for digital controller implementation. For comparison purpose, the TI UC3854 controller was implemented to verify the analog controller design results.<br>Master of Science
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Schettino, Hugo Viveiros. "Filtros digitais para a separação de subbandas em sistemas PLC baseados em clustered-OFDM." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1768.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-26<br>Este trabalho investiga o uso de filtros digitais de resposta ao impulso finita (finite impulse response
- FIR) e de resposta ao impulso infinita (infinite impulse response - IIR) para separar
os sinais dos clusters de esquemas de multiplexação por divisão de frequência ortogonal clusterizado
(clustered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing - clustered-OFDM), aplicado à
sistema de comunicação via rede elétrica (power line communication - PLC). Nesse contexto,
introduz-se uma formulação para explicitar a influência do filtro digital no esquema clustered-
OFDM. A partir dessa formulação, uma equação que quantifica a vazão em função do uso dos
filtros digitais, a qual leva em consideração a relação sinal ruído multicanal, a especificação do
filtro e, principalmente, o comprimento dele, é apresentada. Através de simulações computacionais,
analisa-se o desempenho do esquema sujeito a um conjunto de filtros digitais previamente
selecionados, considerando três cenários: canal corrompido pelo ruído aditivo, gaussiano e
branco (additive white Gaussian noise - AWGN), canal PLC indoor corrompido ruído (medido
numa residência localizada na cidade de Juiz de Fora, MG) e canal PLC outdoor corrompido
pelo ruído (medido numa rede de distribuição de energia elétrica de baixa tensão na cidade de
Juiz de Fora, MG). De acordo com os resultados computacionais, dentre os filtros digitais analisados,
os filtros digitais Chebychev tipo II, FIR interpolado (interpolated FIR - IFIR) e FIR de
fase mínima e equiripple são, de maneira geral, os filtros digitais que proporcionam os melhores
benefícios (maior vazão e menor complexidade computacional). Considerando-se a influência
da precisão finita nesses três filtros digitais, conclui-se que o filtro digital IIR Chebychev tipo II
quantizado proporciona a menor perda de vazão e, portanto, é um filtro bastante adequado para
esquemas clustered-OFDM.<br>This work investigates the use of finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response
(IIR) digital filters to separate the signals belonging distinct clusters in a clustered orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing (clustered-OFDM) scheme, when it is applied to power line
communication (PLC) system. In this context, we introduce a formulation to take into account
the choice of the digital filter for the clustered-OFDM scheme. Based on this formulation, an
equation that quantifies the data-rate as a function ofmultichannel signal noise ratio, digital filter
design specification and length of the digital filter is presented. Performance analyses based on a
previously selected set of digital filters over three scenarios, channel corrupted by additivewhite
Gaussian noise (AWGN), indoor PLC channel corrupted by the noise (measured in a residence
located in Juiz de Fora city, MG) and outdoor PLC corrupted by the noise (measured in a low
voltage distribution network in Juiz de Fora city, MG), are presented. According to numerical
results, Chebychev type II, interpolated FIR (IFIR) and equiripple minimum phase FIR digital
filters offers the best benefits in terms of less data-rate loss and computer complexity reduction.
Considering the influence of the finite precision in these three digital filters, simulation results
shows that the quantized Chebychev type II IIR digital filter attains the smallest data-rate loss
and, as a consequence, it a very appropriate digital filter for clustered-OFDM schemes.
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JÃnior, Josà Ailton LeÃo Barboza. "A Double boost converter with PFC and series/parallel input connection for uninterrupted power system." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16257.
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fator de potÃncia e recurso para operar com dois valores de tensÃo de entrada. O mesmo à aplicÃvel a sistemas ininterruptos de energia do tipo dupla conversÃo ou on-line com caracterÃsticas de tensÃo de entrada bivolt (110 Vca e 220 Vca) e desta maneira à descartada a
utilizaÃÃo de um autotransformador com seletor de tensÃo. O conversor em estudo à composto por dois conversores CA-CC boost clÃssicos, em que, para uma tensÃo de entrada de 110 Vca as entradas sÃo conectadas em paralelo e para uma tensÃo de entrada de 220 Vca as entradas sÃo conectadas em sÃrie. A ideia à fazer com que se tenha uma divisÃo equilibrada na entrada de cada conversor quando a tensÃo da rede elÃtrica for 220 Vca. Assim cada conversor boost
clÃssico recebe metade da tensÃo total de alimentaÃÃo do conversor proposto. A estratÃgia de controle à baseada no controle por modo corrente mÃdia aplicada a ambos os conversores para proporcionar a correÃÃo do fator de potÃncia e a regulaÃÃo da tensÃo de saÃda. Para verificar o estudo teÃrico foi desenvolvido o projeto do circuito de potÃncia e controle validando atravÃs de resultados de simulaÃÃo e experimentais para um protÃtipo de 2,4 kW. Para a conexÃo paralelo e sÃrie das entradas, os resultados obtidos foram satisfatÃrios e o conversor operou adequadamente.<br>This work presents a study of a Double Boost AC-DC Converter with power factor correction and dual input voltage operation capability via a selector switch. Such converter can be applied to on-line uninterruptible power supplies with dual voltage input characteristics, this
way avoiding the usage of a low frequency autotransformer. The studied structure is composed by two AC-DC classical boost converters, in which for input voltage of 110 Vac
both its inputs are connected in parallel, and, for 220 Vac, they are connected in series. The control strategy is based in the average current mode control applied to both converters, in order to provide the power factor correction and output voltage regulation. Simulation and experimental results for 2.4 kW are presented, and so are validate the theoretical study and design. Connecting the inputs in parallel and series, the results were satisfactory and the
converter operated properly.
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Rosa, Magali da. "Monitoramento de temperatura do motor de aerogeradores de pequeno porte utilizando Power Line Communication -PLC." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49308.
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Os sistemas de controle e supervisão têm se revelado expressivamente importantes nos sistemas de produção. Garantir o funcionamento com qualidade dos processos industriais exige um controle permanente, sendo necessário manter constantes algumas variáveis. Um dos fatores que se destacam na utilização de monitoramento remoto é a possibilidade de centralizar o controle de um determinado processo em locais distintos, muitas vezes distantes do ponto de origem do problema, podendo ser acessado pelo responsável pelo processo e/ou muitas vezes resolvido pelo mesmo, sem a necessidade de locomover-se até o local do problema. Esse trabalho visou estudar e desenvolver um sistema utilizando a tecnologia de comunicação via rede elétrica e aquisição de dados, aplicado ao monitoramento e supervisão de temperatura do rotor de um aerogerador de pequeno porte por meio de um protótipo de simulação. O mesmo deu-se por meio de pesquisas e estudo de caso realizado em Laboratórios da Faculdade SATC, com a criação de um modelo de interface e aquisição de dados utilizando a rede elétrica para a transmissão e recepção de dados por intermédio da tecnologia PLC, como solução para o monitoramento remoto de uma variável definida como temperatura, simulando a temperatura do motor em um aerogerador de pequeno porte. Após a execução do protótipo, foram realizados testes comparativos entre a tecnologia PLC e a rede LAN em dois ambientes distintos: residencial e industrial. A análise do comportamento da rede LAN foi realizada através de um software de análise de redes, onde foram estabelecidos alguns parâmetros que representassem o desempenho da rede ao enviar e receber dados do sistema de monitoramento. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam as performances das tecnologias utilizadas como meios de transmissão, assim como apresentam um paralelo entre as mesmas. Os dados obtidos por este estudo mostram resultados satisfatórios da tecnologia PLC em relação à rede LAN, confirmando a possibilidade do uso desta tecnologia em sistemas de monitoramento remoto, permitindo assim um aumento na confiabilidade e comodidade operacional.<br>The control system and supervision have been revealed very important in product systems. To guarantee the function with quality, industrial process requires a permanent control being necessary keeping stable some variables. One important factor to point using remote monitoring is the possibility to centralize the control of one process in distinct place, many times far away from the problem original point. It can be accessed by responsible person for the process or many times solved by him without the necessity to be present where the problem started. This research studied and developed a monitoring system and supervision, using communication technology via electrical grid and data acquisition system. It was done by means of research and studies cases at SATC laboratory with data acquisition interface creation, using electric power distribution to transmit and receive the data by PLC technology as a solution to remote monitoring of a definite variable as temperature, simulating the temperature of a small wind power motor. After the prototype execution, comparatives tests were done between PLC technology and LAN network in two different environments: residential and industrial. The network behavior analysis was performed using a network analysis software, where were established some parameters that represent the performance of the network to send and receive data from the monitoring system.The data acquired in this research shows satisfactory results using PLC technology in relation to LAN network, confirming the possibility of use this technology in remote monitoring system allowing a reliability increase in operational convenience.
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Liu, Quan. "Multi-band OFDM and p-Persistent CSMA/CD-based Indoor Power Line Communication (PLC) Systems." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1265984789.
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Nation, Deju Denton. "A conceptual electrical energy storage (EES) receiver for solar parabolic trough collector (PTC) power plants." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5331/.
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This work outlines the conceptualization, modelling and design of a novel electrical energy storage (EES) receiver for use in solar parabolic trough collector (PTC) power plants. A hybridization of sodium sulphur (NaS) battery and parabolic trough collector (PTC) Technologies, the EES receiver concept could one day enable PTC power plants to operate 24 hrs using solar energy only, while simultaneously providing them significant ancillary power benefits. Modelling of the EES receiver operation is achieved using of a system of ten steady state (algebraic) equations and two transient (partial differential) temperature dependent equations. The method of solving the system consisted of precedence ordering and back substituting of the steady state equations to develop a single complex and highly non-linear algebraic equation, in terms of the main process heat flux ݍ′̇ ௗ,௧,. This equation was solved with the assistance of the Microsoft Excel goalseek tool. For the partial differential equations, a one dimensional finite difference approximation, consisting of a forward difference predictor, and a modified central difference corrector was used in discretization. Visual Basic code was then written to solve the system at each increment, each time utilizing the solution obtained for the complex non-linear algebraic equation in ݍ′̇ ௗ,௧. This allowed investigation of the initial heat-up and charge/discharge function of the conceptual solar field. Results of simulations indicate the concept is both promising and implementable and that the slightly higher heat losses in the order of 400 – 600 W/m (a direct result of the unavoidably larger size of the conceptual receiver), are seen to be insignificant when compared to the possible energy storage and power support benefits. Though NaS batteries are currently expensive, this condition is thought to be ephemeral, since cells are made from low cost and widely available materials. Thus falling battery prices (with future mass production) could make this novel energy storage concept worthy of evaluation in a prototype PTC power plant.
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Trompowsky, José Felipe Manoel Von. "Estudo da interferência eletromagnética gerada por redes PLC (power line communication) no interior de edificações." Florianópolis, SC, 2005. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/102252.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-16T00:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
225398.pdf: 1887585 bytes, checksum: 961754797f191ebbb557eb57fa08d7ea (MD5)<br>Os níveis de Interferência Eletromagnética (EMI) gerada por uma rede PLC, devido ao número limitado de testes já efetuados, ainda são pouco conhecidos no Brasil. Basicamente, o tema pode ser dividido em duas partes: A interferência provocada pela rede PLC em outros sistemas que compartilham o mesmo ambiente operacional e aquela provocada por outros sistemas licenciados causando distúrbios na operação de um sistema PLC. O primeiro caso se relaciona diretamente ao nível dos sinais interferentes que o organismo de regulação determinará como limite para operação dos sistemas PLC e o segundo caso se refere à redução do espectro disponível para a PLC causado pela interferência gerada por outros sistemas, implicando em taxas de transmissão muito baixas, e inviabilizando assim sua implantação. Considerando o provável público-alvo dessa aplicação, a implantação da PLC se viabilizará em locais de grande concentração urbana onde já existem outros sistemas operando na mesma faixa de frequência. Portanto, o prévio conhecimento
do comportamento de uma rede PLC se revela de extrema importância para o sucesso da tecnologia. Diante disto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é fornecer subsídios técnicos que comprovem a aplicabilidade da PLC em áreas internas a edificações, também conhecida como aplicações indoor da tecnologia Power Line Communication.
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Yilmaz, Hasan. "Design, Application And Comparison Of Single Stage Flybackand Sepic Pfc Ac/dc Converters For Power Led Lighting Application." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615097/index.pdf.
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In this work, single stage power factor corrected AC/DC converters for LEDs<br>single stage Flyback converter having different configuration from the traditional Flyback and single stage SEPIC converter is investigated. The study involves analysis, circuit design, performance comparisons and implementation. The study covers LEDs<br>their developments, characteristics and state-of-art in this new technology. The circuits are investigated by means of computer simulations. Operating principles and operating modes are studied along with design calculations. After applying prototypes in laboratory, the simulation results and theoretical analyses are confirmed. The single stage Flyback converter has high voltage input (220-240 Vac), and the output feeds up to 216 HB-LEDs, with the ratings of 24 V, 3.25 A with 90 W. The single stage SEPIC converter with universal input (80-265 Vac) has an output that feeds 21 power LEDs, with 67 V, 0.30 and 20 W ratings.
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Padua, Fabiano João Leoncio de [UNESP]. "Alocação de modem PLC utilizando SNR em uma rede elétrica de baixa tensão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123359.
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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T16:53:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2014-08-25Bitstream added on 2015-05-14T16:58:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
000825256.pdf: 963153 bytes, checksum: 0bf657b4fd63f09f83aaf9ca819874ff (MD5)<br>Esta tese apresenta um modelo matemático de programação linear inteira mista (PLIM) para o problema de alocação ótima de modems PLC em uma rede de distribuição elétrica de baixa tensão. O uso de um modem PLC pode provir aos consumidores acesso a dados externos, utilizando a infraestrutura da rede elétrica existente de baixa tensão. O uso de um modelo de PLIM garante a convergência ao ótimo, utilizando um software de otimização existente. O modelo proposto considera como principal restrição de operação a relação sinal/ruído (SNR) entre modems PLC. Uma matriz SNR é gerada através de um modelo de linha de transmissão baseado no circuito de duas portas (Quadripolo). Os resultados apresentados utilizam um sistema fictício com 7 postes e três sistemas reais com 13, 17 e 24 postes para testar a eficiência e precisão da metodologia proposta<br>This thesis presents a mathematical model of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) to the optimal allocation problem of PLC modems in a low voltage electrical network distribution. Modem PLC can provide to the subscribers the access to external data using the existing infrastructure of low-voltage grid. Using a MILP model ensures the optimum convergence using existing optimization software. The proposed model considers as the main constraint of operation the signal noise ratio (SNR) between modems PLC. Matrix SNR is generated through a model of transmission line based on circuit of two ports (Quadrupole). The results presented using an unreal system with 7 poles and three real systems with 13, 17 and 24 poles to test the efficiency and precision of the proposed methodology
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Padua, Fabiano João Leoncio de. "Alocação de modem PLC utilizando SNR em uma rede elétrica de baixa tensão /." Ilha Solteira, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123359.
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Orientador: Rubén Augusto Romero Lázaro<br>Banca: José Roberto Sanches Mantovani<br>Banca: Jozue Vieira Filho<br>Banca: Luis Gustavo Wesz da Silva<br>Banca: Ruy de Oliveira<br>Resumo: Esta tese apresenta um modelo matemático de programação linear inteira mista (PLIM) para o problema de alocação ótima de modems PLC em uma rede de distribuição elétrica de baixa tensão. O uso de um modem PLC pode provir aos consumidores acesso a dados externos, utilizando a infraestrutura da rede elétrica existente de baixa tensão. O uso de um modelo de PLIM garante a convergência ao ótimo, utilizando um software de otimização existente. O modelo proposto considera como principal restrição de operação a relação sinal/ruído (SNR) entre modems PLC. Uma matriz SNR é gerada através de um modelo de linha de transmissão baseado no circuito de duas portas (Quadripolo). Os resultados apresentados utilizam um sistema fictício com 7 postes e três sistemas reais com 13, 17 e 24 postes para testar a eficiência e precisão da metodologia proposta<br>Abstract: This thesis presents a mathematical model of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) to the optimal allocation problem of PLC modems in a low voltage electrical network distribution. Modem PLC can provide to the subscribers the access to external data using the existing infrastructure of low-voltage grid. Using a MILP model ensures the optimum convergence using existing optimization software. The proposed model considers as the main constraint of operation the signal noise ratio (SNR) between modems PLC. Matrix SNR is generated through a model of transmission line based on circuit of two ports (Quadrupole). The results presented using an unreal system with 7 poles and three real systems with 13, 17 and 24 poles to test the efficiency and precision of the proposed methodology<br>Doutor