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Books on the topic 'Quote system'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Hofmann, Cecilia. Issue brief on quota systems for women's political participation. Quezon City, Philippines: Women in Politics Program, Congressional Research and Training Service, 1994.

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2

Tan, Ling Hui. Rationing rules and outcomes: The experience of Singapore's vehicle quota system. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, IMF Institute, 2001.

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3

Fujimori, Hideo. The abolition of the quota system: Potential impact on Philippine garment export. Manila: Yuchengco Center, De La Salle University, 2008.

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4

Denny, Steve. The quota system and American immigration: A re-creation of the conflict between Congressional factions in the 1920's debating whether or not to adopt a quota system for immigrants. Carlsbad, Calif: Interaction Publishers, DBA Interact, 1992.

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5

Akiyama, T. Impact of the International Coffee Agreement's export quota system on the world's coffee market. Washington, DC (1818 H St. NW, Washington DC 20433): International Economic Dept., World Bank, 1989.

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6

Lightfoot, Mary Ann. Off-line field test design for evaluating two approaches to person-job matching: The Army Recruit Quota System (REQUEST) and the Enlisted Personnel Allocation System (EPAS). Alexandria, Va: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2003.

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7

Lightfoot, Mary Ann. Off-line field test design for evaluating two approaches to person-job matching: The Army Recruit Quota System (REQUEST) and the Enlisted Personnel Allocation System (EPAS). Alexandria, Va: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2003.

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8

Lightfoot, Mary Ann. Off-line field test design for evaluating two approaches to person-job matching: The Army Recruit Quota System (REQUEST) and the Enlisted Personnel Allocation System (EPAS). Alexandria, Va: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2003.

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9

Lobanov, Aleksey. Medical and biological bases of safety. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1439619.

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The textbook considers the subject and tasks of the discipline, highlights the medical and biological foundations of ensuring human security in the conditions of natural, man-made and biological-social emergencies, as well as when using modern weapons of destruction by a probable enemy. Briefly, but quite informative, the structure of the human body and the basics of its functioning are described. The specificity and mechanism of the toxic effect of harmful substances on a person, the energy effect and the combined effect of the main damaging factors of the sources of emergency situations of peacetime and wartime are shown. The article highlights the medical and biological aspects of ensuring the safe life of people in adverse environmental conditions, including in regions with hot and cold climates (the Arctic). The methods of forecasting and assessing the medical situation in emergency zones and lesions are presented. The means and methods of medical and biological protection and first aid to the affected are shown. The main tasks and organizational structure of formations and institutions of the medical rescue service of the GO, the All-Russian Service of Disaster Medicine and medical formations of the EMERCOM of Russia are considered. Organizational issues of medical and biological protection in emergency situations are highlighted. The features of the organization of medical support for those affected by terrorist attacks are considered. It is intended for students and cadets of educational institutions of higher education studying under the bachelor's degree program in the following areas of training: "Technosphere security", "Infocommunication technologies and communication systems", "Information systems and technologies", "State and municipal management", "Economics", "Mechatronics and robotics", "Operation of transport and technological machines and complexes", "Informatics and computer engineering", "Air Navigation", "System analysis and management". It can also be useful for researchers and a wide range of specialists engaged in practical work on planning and organizing medical and biological protection of the population.
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10

Lobanov, Aleksey. Biomedical foundations of security. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1007643.

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The textbook discusses the threats and risks to life and health of people in post-industrial society. The role and place of medical and biological technologies in the system of ensuring the safety of the population of the Russian Federation are shown from the standpoint of an interdisciplinary approach. Briefly, but quite informative, the structure of the human body and the principles of its functioning are described. The specificity and mechanism of toxic effects on humans of harmful substances, energy effects and combined action of the main damaging factors of sources of emergency situations of peace and war are shown. The medical and biological aspects of ensuring the safety of human life in adverse environmental conditions, including in regions with hot and cold climates (Arctic) are considered. Means and methods of first aid to victims are shown. The questions of organization and carrying out of measures of medical support of the population in zones of emergency situations and the centers of defeat are covered. Designed for students, students and cadets of educational institutions of higher education, studying under the bachelor's program. It can also be useful for teachers, researchers and a wide range of professionals engaged in practical work on the planning and organization of biomedical protection of the population.
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11

gac, Di. Geometric Solar System Science Art Creative Funny Image Quote Notebook and Journal - Diary Size 6x9 Inch 120 Pages... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .: Creative Funny Image Quote Notebook and Journal - Diary Size 6x9 Inch 120 Pages... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . Independently Published, 2020.

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12

Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, and Shimeon Pass. Constraint Management in a Bottleneck Environment (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.003.0005.

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This chapter introduces steps 4 through 7 of the theory of constraints—that, respectively, decide how to exploit and utilize the constraint, subordinate the system to the constraint, elevate and break the constraint, and do not let inertia become the system constraint. The chapter shows how to achieve more using the existing resources by focusing on the bottleneck. For example, reducing waste (“garbage time”) of the bottleneck can quite quickly increase the system’s throughput. The subordination of the rest of the system to the bottleneck is then discussed. For this purpose, the scheduling mechanism of drum–buffer–rope can be implemented in some areas of healthcare systems, like operating rooms, leading to increased throughput and reduction of waiting times as well as improved clinical quality.
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13

Kriegel, Uriah. Brentano's Philosophical System. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791485.001.0001.

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This is a book about the late-nineteenth-century/early-twentieth-century Austro-German philosopher Franz Brentano. It attempts to present Brentano’s philosophical system, especially as it pertains to the connection between mind and reality, in terms that would be natural to contemporary analytic philosophers; to develop Brentano’s central ideas where they are overly programmatic or do not take into account philosophical developments that have taken place since Brentano’s death a century ago; and to offer a partial defense of Brentano’s system as quite plausible and in any case extraordinarily creative and thought-provoking.
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14

A Bug in the System (Not Quite Human No 3). Pocket Books, 1985.

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15

Audring, Jenny, and Sebastian Fedden. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795438.003.0001.

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Grammatical gender systems vary widely across the languages of the world. Many conform to the canonical ideal in that each noun belongs to a single gender, and this gender is reflected in the agreement affixes on various words throughout the sentence. Other systems diverge from this ideal, some quite substantially. This chapter is the opening chapter of a unique collection of non-canonical gender systems from a variety of language families across the world. It outlines the theoretical perspective taken in the volume—Canonical Typology—and introduces the individual chapters, highlighting in what particular ways each language discussed in the book has a non-canonical gender system.
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16

Olsen, Jan Abel. The healthcare delivery system: an overview. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794837.003.0013.

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This chapter provides an overview of the healthcare delivery system. A figure illustrates how six different parts of the system relate to each other. The primary care level plays a key role in many countries by representing the gate, in which referrals to secondary care are being made. Tertiary care is principally of two types depending on patients’ prognosis: chronic care or rehabilitation. In addition to the three care levels, there are two parts with quite different roles: pharmacies provide pharmaceuticals, and sickness benefit schemes compensate the sick for their income losses. A recurrent policy challenge is to make each provider level take into account the resource implications of their isolated decisions outside of their own budgets. A brief discussion is included on the scope for ‘internal markets’.
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17

Murphy, Jim. Breakthrough!: How Three People Saved "Blue Babies" and Changed Medicine Forever. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2015.

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18

Breakthrough!: How Three People Saved "Blue Babies" and Changed Medicine Forever. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2019.

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19

Tipton, R. Kent. In Quotes We Trust: A Proven System of Character Development for All Grades. Madrone Books, 2000.

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20

Review of night noise quota system at Bristol International Airport: Consultation report 2002. Bristol: Bristol International Airport, 2002.

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21

Wohlforth, William C. Not Quite the Same as It Ever Was. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190675387.003.0004.

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The chapter addresses the claim that rising powers will seek to undermine the legitimacy of the current order and establish new rules using the classical Gilpinian framework as well as more recent rise-and-decline scholarship. It argues against this view and points to a more nuanced position: a harder-to-manage world has arrived, but the essential structural imperatives that have operated for twenty years are likely to remain. The chapter grounds this argument in the near certainty that all-out systemic war is off the table as a mechanism for hegemonic transition; the fact that the rising challenger to the system’s dominant state is approaching peer status on only one dimension of state capability, gross economic output; and the historically unprecedented degree of institutionalization in world politics coupled with the central role institutions play in the dominant power’s grand strategy. Each change favors the status quo states and makes revisionism harder.
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22

Katz, Richard S., and Peter Mair. The Problem. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199586011.003.0001.

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Most conventional conceptions of what democracy is and of how it should be organized imply particular characteristics and functions for parties and party systems, and particular kinds of relationships among parties, citizens, and the state. Our contention is that the party government model so conceived, while quite powerful prescriptively, has only a marginal connection to the way parties and party system really work in the early twenty-first century. Our basic argument is that at the level of party systems, the mainstream parties, and most minor parties as well, have effectively formed a cartel. While the appearance of competition is preserved, in terms of political substance it has become spectacle—a show for the audience of audience democracy.
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23

Chhibber, Pradeep K., and Rahul Verma. Statism, Recognition, and Party System Change in India. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623876.003.0009.

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Data drawn from the National Election Studies going back to 1967 and two surveys of political elites conducted in 1971 and the 1993 show that the ideological divide is quite stable. Activists, members, and supporters of the main political parties hold clearly distinct views on the two ideological dimensions that define the party system in India. The changes in the Indian party system since independence have occurred with movement of political parties within the ideological space defined by statism and recognition. This led to the end of the Congress led one party dominant system, its replacement by the rise of regional parties in many states and finally to a BJP led fourth party system.
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24

Power Quotes to Energize Your Life: A Motivational System to Make You More Dynamic. iUniverse, 2003.

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25

Deonaraine, Ramesh Ph D. Power Quotes to Energize Your Life: A Motivational System to Make You More Dynamic. iUniverse, 2003.

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26

Gibson, James L., and Michael J. Nelson. The Legal System and Its African American Constituents. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865214.003.0001.

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Despite popular reports that the legal system is in a state of crisis with respect to its African American constituents, research on black public opinion in general is limited owing to the difficulty and expense of assembling representative samples of minorities. We suspect that the story of lagging legal legitimacy among African Americans is in fact quite a bit more nuanced than is often portrayed. In particular, black public opinion is unlikely to be uniform and homogeneous; black people most likely vary in their attitudes toward law and legal institutions. Especially significant is variability in the experiences—personal and vicarious—black people have had with legal authorities (e.g., “stop-and-frisk”), and the nature of individuals’ attachment to blacks as a group (e.g., “linked fate”). We posit that both experiences and in-group identities are commanding because they influence the ways in which black people process information, and in particular, the ways in which blacks react to the symbols of legal authority (e.g., judges’ robes).
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27

Joo, ChulAn. The politics of implementing educational reform: A graduation quota system in Korean higher educational institutions. 1990.

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28

Barney, Jay B., and David Schmidtz. Behind Every Great Fortune is an Equally Great Crime. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825067.003.0010.

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This chapter examines the accuracy of the quote “behind every great fortune is an equally great crime”, attributed to Balzac. In our times great individual fortunes are generally generated via the instrument of the business firm. The question then becomes when are firm profits a crime? Firm profits are, in general, explained by one or more of three factors: luck, efficiency, and collusion. While it is difficult to regard luck as a crime, luck does not reflect merit. Profits due to efficiency seem like the least problematic case, and collusion seems the clearest case of when fortune coincides with crime. A variety of cases lie, at least in a dynamic sense, at the intersection of the three conditions. Unfortunately, history suggests that big business and big government can collude to keep profits flowing to the former and contributions flowing to the latter. While luck and efficiency may help initiate wealth, the system tolerates connivance, making Balzac’s statement more plausible than it ought to be.
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29

Gucci, Riccardo, and Claudio Cantini. Pruning and Training Systems for Modern Olive Growing. CSIRO Publishing, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643101302.

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Olive growing is expanding rapidly in many countries around the world in which olives have not previously been widely cultivated. Pruning olive trees is quite different from pruning other fruit trees of the temperate zone, because of their biological peculiarities. Errors in pruning may result in yield losses or higher cultivation costs. Pruning also determines the training system which, in turn, is one of the major factors for successful tree performance and orchard profitability. Pruning and Training Systems for Modern Olive Growing summarises the information available on current pruning techniques and training systems. It specifically addresses the problems faced by growers, professionals and students who are new to olive growing and provides information previously not available in English. The fundamental aim of this book is to explain the basic concepts at a practical level. It will allow the reader, whether experienced horticulturalist or beginner, to develop his or her own skills and pruning strategy.
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30

Mohd Hanefah, Mustafa. Tax systems taxpayer compliance and specific tax issues. UUM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9833282962.

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This book has eight chapters. Each chapter discusses one topic related to taxation. The topics covered in this book are tax systems, taxpayer compliance, compliance costs, transfer pricing, accounting malpractices and tax issues, taxation of ecommerce, and electronic tax administration. These topics are relevant to the advanced taxation course in the under-graduate and post-graduate programs (Masters and PhD). Each topic is discussed with relevant literature. The first three chapters touch on issues and problems related to the new tax administrative system i.e the self-assessment system, which is being implemented in developed countries including Malaysia, and is now being adopted for implementation in many developing countries worldwide. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 give an insight to issues related to tax systems, taxpayer compliance and compliance costs. The other four chapters 5, 6, 7 and 8 discuss topics that are categorised as selected tax issues. The selected tax issues include transfer pricing, accounting malpractices and tax issues, taxation of ecommerce and electronic tax administration. These issues have not been deliberated before, and it is timely that a book of this nature is published for tax authorities, researchers, students, lecturers, authorities and practitioners. Past literature and research findings are quoted to support the discussions in each chapter. The authors own research findings in certain topics found in this book are used to support the arguments and discussions.
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31

Off-Line Field Test Design for Evaluating Two Approaches to Person-Job Matching: The Army Recruit Quota System (REQUEST) and the Enlisted Personnel Allocation System (EPAS). Storming Media, 2003.

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32

Jensenius, Francesca R. Social Justice through Inclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646608.001.0001.

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India has one of the most extensive quota systems in the world: the reserved seats for the Scheduled Castes (SCs, the former “untouchables”) in the country’s legislative assemblies. Combining evidence from quantitative datasets from the period 1969–2012, archival work, and in-depth interviews with politicians, civil servants, and voters across India, this book explores the long-term effects these quotas have had for the political elite and for the general population. It finds that the quotas have played an important role in reducing caste-based discrimination, particularly at the elite level. Contrary to what one might expect, this is not because the quota system has led to more group representation—SC politicians working specifically for SC interests—but because it has created and empowered a new SC elite who have gradually become integrated into mainstream politics. The findings and discussions have broader implications beyond the case of India. Policies such as quotas are often implemented with the explicit goal of changing society and are supported with arguments that assume various positive, long-term consequences. The nuanced discussions in this book shed light on how the quotas for SCs have shaped the incentives for politicians, parties, and voters, noting the trade-offs inherent in how such policies of group inclusion are designed.
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33

Hancké, Bob. How Including Labour Can Improve Corporate Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805274.003.0010.

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Involving labour in decision-making has the potential to improve corporate governance, even in adversarial industrial relations systems such as the ones found in Anglo-American economies. This chapter approaches corporate governance as an information problem—how do shareholders and other interested parties to the activities of a company know that management is working in their best long-term interest? If both labour and business are represented in decision-making, the information asymmetries that each faces are significantly alleviated by the presence of the other, which leads to more balanced outcomes. Representatives of business know relatively little about how the company is run, but a lot about how the company is doing in its key product markets. Labour may have only a tenuous grip on competitive strategy, but it is quite cognisant of how the company is run internally. A board system where representation is shared imposes transparency.
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34

Redding, Gordon. The Smaller Economies of Pacific Asia and Their Business Systems. Edited by Alan M. Rugman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199234257.003.0024.

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What came to be known as the Asian miracle took place in a number of quite varied contexts in countries outside the major states Japan and China, and the way in which these smaller economies have built their development trajectories in the years after 1960 has been a matter of serious attention among policymakers worldwide. Japan and China are given specific attention elsewhere in this volume and so this article considers the rest of Pacific Asia. It aims to outline the systems of business which have come to characterize the following clusters of countries: first, South Korea which stands on its own as a distinct case; second, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore which are essentially Chinese in their ethnic make-up, their current political structures, and their business behaviour, but which nevertheless display great differences among themselves; third, the ASEAN group outside Singapore, again containing variety but with certain key common denominators.
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35

Nichols, Shaun. Rational Rules. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869153.001.0001.

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Moral systems, like normative systems more broadly, involve complex mental representations. Rational Rules offers an account of the acquisition of key aspects of normative systems in terms of general-purpose rational learning procedures. In particular, it offers statistical learning accounts of: (1) how people come to think that a rule is act-based, that is, the rule prohibits producing certain consequences but not allowing such consequences to occur or persist; (2) how people come to expect that a new rule will also be act-based; (3) how people come to believe a principle of liberty, according to which whatever is not expressly prohibited is permitted; and (4) how people come to think that some normative claims hold universally while others hold only relative to some group. This provides an empiricist theory of a key part of moral acquisition, since the learning procedures are domain general. It also entails that crucial parts of our moral system enjoy rational credentials since the learning procedures are forms of rational inference. There is another sense in which rules can be rational—they can be effective for achieving our ends, given our ecological settings. Rational Rules argues that at least some central components of our moral systems are indeed ecologically rational: they are good at helping us attain common goals. In addition, the book argues that a basic form of rule representation brings motivation along automatically. Thus, part of the explanation for why we follow moral rules is that we are built to follow rules quite generally.
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36

Sperling, George, Son-Hee Lyu, Chia-Huei Tseng, and Zhong-Lin Lu. The Motion Standstill Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0078.

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In the motion standstill illusion, a pattern that is moving quite rapidly is perceived as being absolutely motionless, and yet its details are not blurred but clearly visible. The illusion can be observed in a wide variety of special moving stimuli that either disadvantage or fatigue the motion systems to the point where no motion is perceived but where the shape, texture, color, and depth systems are still able to function sufficiently to extract a stable image from the moving display. It demonstrates that visual processing systems for attributes such as shape, texture, color, and depth extract stable representations from moving images; only visual motion systems are capable of producing the sensation of motion.
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37

Feldman, David, Meenakshi Balaraman, and Craig Anderson. Hope and Meaning-in-Life. Edited by Matthew W. Gallagher and Shane J. Lopez. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399314.013.21.

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Freidrich Nietzsche famously said, “He who has a why to live for can bear almost any how,” a quote that pioneering existential psychiatrist Viktor Frankl cited often. This chapter argues that it is through the whys in people’s lives—their goals—that they establish a sense of meaning. The chapter makes both an empirical and a theoretical case that, linked by an emphasis on goals, hope and meaning in life are closely connected. It begins by defining the meaning-in-life construct, continues with a discussion of the empirical relationships between hope and meaning, and concludes with a theoretical exploration of hope in the context of existential philosophical systems.
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38

Mann, Peter. Point Transformations in Lagrangian Mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822370.003.0009.

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This chapter discusses point transformations in Lagrangian mechanics. Sometimes, when solving problems, it is useful to change coordinates in velocity phase space to better suit and simplify the system at hand; this is a requirement of any physical theory. This change is often motivated by some experimentally observed physicality of the system or may highlight new conserved quantities that might have been overlooked using the old description. In the Newtonian formalism, it was a bit of a hassle to change coordinates and the equations of motion will look quite different. In this chapter, point transformations in Lagrangian mechanics are developed and the Euler–Lagrange equation is found to be covariant. The chapter discusses coordinate transformations, parametrisation invariance and the Jacobian of the transform. Re-parametrisations are also included.
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39

Bockenhauer, Detlef, and Robert Kleta. Approach to the patient with salt-wasting tubulopathies. Edited by Robert Unwin. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0031_update_001.

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Sodium is the main ion of the extracellular compartments, and it is through control of sodium reabsorption that the kidneys maintain volume homoeostasis and systemic blood pressure. The amount of sodium that is first filtered by the glomerulus and then reabsorbed in the tubule is quite staggering: assuming a glomerular filtration rate of 100 mL/min and a serum sodium concentration of 140 mmol/L, an average-sized person filters about 20,000 mmol of sodium per day, equivalent to the amount in 1.2 kg of cooking salt. In the steady state, the amount of sodium excreted is equal to the amount ingested. An average Western diet contains about 8–10 g of salt per day; a low-salt diet may be around 2 g per day. Under physiological conditions, the tubules reabsorb about 99% of filtered sodium. This enormous task is accomplished by a combination of distinct and sequentially oriented sodium or sodium-coupled transport systems along the nephron and the concerted and parallel action of some of these systems within the kidney. These are described, along with the consequences of disorders of the processes. A diagnostic approach to salt-losing states such as Fanconi, Bartter Gitelman and other syndromes, and hypoaldosteronism, is described.
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40

Maisel, L. Sandy. 3. Party organizations: What do they look like? What do they do? Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780190458164.003.0003.

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‘Party organizations: What do they look like? What do they do?’ examines each of those questions and reveals that political party organizations in the United States reflect the nation's federal system. The party is organized at each electoral level. The main purpose of the party is to assist their candidates to get into office. The party organization does not define party policy nor do its leaders exercise much authority of those elected under the party label. This is a situation that has changed quite markedly over the last century as changes have taken place in the electoral process.
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41

Maisel, L. Sandy. 3. Party organizations: What do they look like? What do they do? Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780195301229.003.0003.

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‘Party Organisations: What do they look like? What do they do?’ examines each of those questions and reveals that political party organizations in the US reflect the nation's federal system. The party is organized at each electoral level. The main purpose of the party is to assist their candidates to get into office. The party organization does not define party policy nor do its leaders exercise much authority of those elected under the party label. This is a situation that has changed quite markedly over the last century as changes have taken place in the electoral process.
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42

Vassiliadis, Vassilios, and Georgios Dounias. Algorithmic Trading based on Biologically Inspired Algorithms. Edited by Shu-Heng Chen, Mak Kaboudan, and Ye-Rong Du. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844371.013.11.

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The chapter discusses algorithmic trading, which refers to any automated process, consisting of a number of interconnected components, whose main aim is to perform financial transactions of any kind. Its chief advantage lies in the fact that human intervention is minimized to an acceptable extent. This is quite desirable because nowadays numerous factors affect financial decisions. Financial managers are able to deal with a limited amount of information. There are many ways to implement algorithmic trading systems. This chapter aims to highlight the efficiency of biologically inspired methodologies when incorporated in such systems. Biologically inspired intelligence comprises a range of algorithms whose common philosophy is based on the behavior of real-world, natural systems and networks. What is more, the performance of the applied nature-inspired intelligence (NII) methodologies is compared to traditional benchmark approaches such as the random portfolio construction.
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43

Mundt, Christoph. The Philosophical Roots of Karl Jaspers’. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0007.

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This chapter provides an overview of the philosophers who influenced Jaspers when he tackled the conception of General Psychopathology. The introductory remark informs about how the systematic screening of Jaspers' philosophical quotes were gained and evaluated. The first section then deals with the methodological split between the humanities and natural sciences when approaching psychiatric patients. The influence of Dilthey, Weber and other philosophers on Jaspers' emerging position is laid out. The argument of his position that the methodological split is intrinsic to the nature of man is pointed out. The second passage describes Jaspers' polemic critique of Freud and his contrasting high appreciation of Nietzsche and Kierkegaard as those philosophers who were genuine in uncovering unconscious feelings and motives. Furthermore this chapter contains some statements of Jaspers against the establishment of psychoanalysis at Universities. Furthermore his contention is mentioned that the psychotherapeutic relationship is asymmetric and not resting with a hermeneutic process between patient and psychiatrist. The following section mentions Jaspers' critical stance towards and relationship with Heidegger. His judgement on Heidegger's existential philosophy as a closed therefore sterile system is pointed out. The political aspect of their relationship is briefly touched upon. The section on phenomenology reports on Jaspers' critique of Husserl's epoché. Instead of Husserl Hegel and his dialectics gain appreciation in Jaspers' discourse on phenomenology. Jaspers' critical view on the writings of some of the most prominent psychiatrist phenomenologists is discussed. In particular the metaphorical character of phenomenologists' writings is reported with examples. The section on Greek philosophers is briefly mentioned here. They were quoted by Jaspers in a non-systematic use according to reasons of utility. The concluding part deals with Jaspers thoughts about transcendence, i. e. thinking about the "encompassing" beyond existence of the individual person. This part is conceived by Jaspers as out of reach for scientific endeavors.
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44

Churchland, Patricia Smith. The Impact of Social Neuroscience on Moral Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190460723.003.0002.

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Part I begins with Patricia Churchland exploring the impact of social neuroscience on moral philosophy. She argues that the basic platform for morality is attachment and bonding, and the caring behavior motivated by such attachment—and that oxytocin, a neurohormone, is at the hub of attachment behavior in social mammals and probably birds. Not acting alone, oxytocin works with other hormones and neurotransmitters and circuitry adaptations. Among its many roles, oxytocin decreases the stress response, making possible the trusting and cooperative interactions typical of life in social mammals. Churchland also argues that learning local social practices depends on the reward system because in social animals approval brings pleasure and disapproval brings pain. Subcortical structures, she argues, are the key to acquiring social values, and quite a lot is known about how the reward system works. Acquiring social skills also involves generalizing from samples, so that learned exemplars can be applied to new circumstances.
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Paciaroni, Tania, and Michele Loporcaro. Overt gender marking depending on syntactic context in Ripano. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795438.003.0007.

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Based on dedicated fieldwork, this chapter analyses the gender system of Ripano (Italo-Romance), showing that it displays overt gender marking, but only depending on syntactic context. While overt gender per se and the syntactic dependency of gender marking via agreement on targets have both been described for several languages, the Ripano system is unprecedented, and deserves thorough description: thus, the chapter presents the phonological, morphological, and morphosyntactic prerequisites as well as the syntactic conditions which constrain overt gender marking. It places this peculiarity of Ripano in perspective, describing the many other quite extraordinary properties of this dialect: not only does it mark—unusually for Indo-European—gender/number agreement on finite verbs, but also on several other agreement targets, including non-finite verb forms, complementizers, wh-words, and even nouns, which in certain syntactic constructions cumulate the usual inherent gender specification with highly unusual contextual gender marking, determined via agreement with the clause subject.
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Rosenberg, Michael, and Aslı Erim-Özdoğan. The Neolithic in Southeastern Anatolia. Edited by Gregory McMahon and Sharon Steadman. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0006.

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This article presents data on Neolithic sites in southeastern Anatolia, where, as elsewhere in southwestern Asia, the changes attendant on the Neolithic, while revolutionary in their consequences for the evolution of human cultural and social systems, were gradual. In the Early Aceramic we see the development of sedentary communities based on important economic changes, but ones that still retain major elements of the earlier hunter-gatherer, egalitarian social system. However, those elements are now buttressed with institutions (e.g., general-purpose public buildings, feasting) that permit the now somewhat larger communities to remain intact on a long-term basis and to act as a whole. In the Mature Aceramic (MA), we see some of those same institutions (public buildings and spaces) evolving to (of necessity) more strongly promote group identity at the community level in the still-larger communities that characterize the MA. Beginning in the MA III and continuing through the early part of the Pottery Neolithic, we see the gradual disintegration of the Aceramic Neolithic lifeway and its replacement by one that is quite different, wherein kinship appears to play a larger, more formal role. These social changes are intertwined with important economic changes (the development of the full southwestern Asia domesticate complex) and technological changes (the widespread adoption of ceramic technology), but the specifics of how they are related remains an open question.
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47

Ripoll Servent, Ariadna, and Christilla Roederer-Rynning. The European Parliament: A Normal Parliament in a Polity of a Different Kind. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.152.

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The European Parliament (EP) has grown from a “talking shop” to a fully-fledged legislative body in the European Union (EU)’s bicameral system. This process of communautarization and parliamentarization has generated considerable attention in the academic field. Furthermore, in today’s political environment—characterized by the polarization of public opinion, Brexit, the lingering effects of the Eurozone crisis, and the steady rise of Euroskeptical and radical forces throughout Europe—the role of the European Parliament (EP) is perhaps more critical to understand and assess than ever before. An overarching question in the literature is how “normal” the EP has become. Drawing on David Easton’s political systems approach, we examine this condition in three sub-literatures: the literature on inputs (demands), the literature on withinputs (inter-institutional processing of inputs), and the literature on outputs (EP decisions and actions, and the impact thereof). Building on this literature and contributing to the ongoing debate on the nature and significance of the EP, we propose to conceptualize the EP as “a normal parliament in a polity of a different kind.” This paradoxical conceptualization reflects abundant insights that, despite the EP gaining comprehensive lawmaking powers that are quite unparalleled in the world of international politics, its functioning and significance remain profoundly, distinctly, and probably durably, shaped by the multilevel nature of EU politics.
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48

Oforchukwu, Joachim Ifezuo. Implementation of Quota System and Its Effects on School Dropout in the Federal Secondary Schools in the South East and South South Regions of Nigeria. Xlibris Corporation, 2006.

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49

Tiwari, Sandip. Electromechanics and its devices. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759874.003.0005.

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Electromechanics—coupling of mechanical forces with others—exhibits a continuum-to-discrete spectrum of properties. In this chapter, classical and newer analysis techniques are developed for devices ranging from inertial sensors to scanning probes to quantify limits and sensitivities. Mechanical response, energy storage, transduction and dynamic characteristics of various devices are analyzed. The Lagrangian approach is developed for multidomain analysis and to bring out nonlinearity. The approach is extended to nanoscale fluidic systems where nonlinearities, fluctuation effects and the classical-quantum boundary is quite central. This leads to the study of measurement limits using power spectrum and, correlations with slow and fast forces. After a diversion to acoustic waves and piezoelectric phenomena, nonlinearities are explored in depth: homogeneous and forced conditions of excitation, chaos, bifurcations and other consequences, Melnikov analysis and the classic phase portaiture. The chapter ends with comments on multiphysics such as of nanotube-based systems and electromechanobiological biomotor systems.
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50

Huffaker, Ray, Marco Bittelli, and Rodolfo Rosa. Linear and Nonlinear Dynamic Behaviour. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782933.003.0002.

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In this chapter, we describe how highly erratic dynamic behavior can arise from a nonlinear logistic map, and how this apparently random behavior is governed by a surprising order. With this lesson in mind, we should not be overly surprised that highly erratic and random appearing observed data might also be generated by parsimonious deterministic dynamic systems. At a minimum, we contend that researchers should apply NLTS to test for this possibility. We also introduced tools to analyze dynamic behavior that form the foundation for NLTS. In particular, we have stressed the quite unexpected capability to achieve some form of predictability even with only one trajectory at hand. In subsequent chapters, we treat known nonlinear dynamical systems as unknown, and investigate how NLTS methods rely on a single solution (or multiple solutions) generated by them to reconstruct equivalent systems. This is a conventional approach in the literature for seeing how NLTS methods work since we know what needs to be reconstructed.
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