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Journal articles on the topic 'Radium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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1

Romanovskii, V. N., and E. A. Shashukov. "Radium in the Radium Institute." Radiochemistry 51, no. 2 (2009): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362209020222.

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2

AMES, DONALD P. "RADIUM." Chemical & Engineering News 81, no. 36 (2003): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n036.p160.

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3

Anwar, Yusuf, and Eve J. Lowenstein. "Radium." JAMA Dermatology 151, no. 7 (2015): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.52.

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4

Zhao, Hanson Hanqing, Lauren Howard, Amanda de Hoedt, et al. "Radium-223 treatment patterns in a large real-world population." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 7_suppl (2019): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.7_suppl.190.

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190 Background: For men with symptomatic metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), radium-223 was shown to improve overall survival in the phase III, double blind ALSYMPCA trial. Despite the observed benefits, the application and practice patterns of Radium-223 outside of clinical trials are largely unknown. Here we aim to better characterize the use of radium-223 in a large and heterogeneous real-world population. We identify treatment patterns associated with radium-223 and link these patterns with time to skeletal related event (SRE) and mortality. Methods: We reviewed charts of all men with diagnosed with mCRPC in the entire Veterans Affairs (VA) system alive as of January 1, 2013 who received radiun-223. We generated Kaplan Meier curves for survival and time to SRE based on treatment patterns. We examined the association between common treatment patterns and mortality and time to SRE with Cox models. Results: We identified 318 men with bone mCRPC who received radium-223. Median age at radium start was 69 ys and median follow up was 25.3 months. Median survival was 11 months. 277 patients died during the study period (87%). 50% (158/318) completed ≤4 injections. There was a significant difference mortality among four consolidated treatment patterns (p=0.005) and but no difference SRE (p=0.10). On univariable and multivariable analysis, men who received AR target + docetaxel + radium-223 had increased mortality vs. men who received AR target + radium-223 (p=0.010 and 0.005, respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that non-black race, bone pain, SRE prior to radium, and higher PSA were all linked with worse mortality. Conclusions: We described the largest known cohort of men in the real world who received radium-223. We identified common treatment patterns with differing risk for overall mortality. Further prospective studies are needed to better understand whether differences in survival are attributed to worsening disease status requiring more aggressive therapy, lead-time bias, or true differences in treatment efficacy.

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5

Gunderman, Richard B., and Angela S. Gonda. "Radium Girls." Radiology 274, no. 2 (2015): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.14141352.

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6

Lamasson, François. "Radium bromatum." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 13, no. 03 (2007): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-937357.

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7

Cramer, Christine. "Radium-Girls." Im Focus Onkologie 16, no. 11 (2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15015-013-0736-z.

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8

Swanson, Eleanor. "Radium Girls." Missouri Review 25, no. 1 (2002): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2002.0119.

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9

Pinto, Álvaro, and Patricia Cruz. "Radium-223 Chloride." Drugs in R&D 12, no. 4 (2012): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11636250-000000000-00000.

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10

Ceranski, Beate. "Das authentische Radium." Historische Anthropologie 16, no. 1 (2008): 92–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/ha.2008.16.1.92.

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11

&NA;. "American Radium Society." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, no. 1 (1993): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-199302000-00025.

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12

Farber, Stewart. "Radium Research Update." Science News 147, no. 2 (1995): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3978949.

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13

Stebbings, James H. "Radium and Leukemia." Health Physics 74, no. 4 (1998): 486–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199804000-00012.

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14

Day, Charles. "Trapping radium atoms." Physics Today 60, no. 4 (2007): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4796391.

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15

Burki, Talha Khan. "The Radium Girls." Lancet Oncology 18, no. 2 (2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30036-0.

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16

Harvie, David I. "The radium century." Endeavour 23, no. 3 (1999): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-9327(99)01201-6.

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17

Candela, Andrea. "The Radium Terrors." Nuncius 30, no. 2 (2015): 320–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03002002.

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At the beginning of the 20th century the collective imagination was fascinated and terrified by the discovery of radium. A scientific imagery sprang up around radioactivity and was disseminated by public lectures and newspaper articles discussing the ambiguous power of this strange substance. It was claimed that radium could be used to treat cholera, typhus and tuberculosis, but at the same time there were warnings that it could be used for military purposes. The media and the scientists themselves employed a rich vocabulary influenced by religion, alchemy and magic. The ambivalent power of radioactive elements exerted a great influence on science fiction novelists. This paper will examine some significant works published in Europe, America and Russia during the first decades of the 20th century and their role in the creation of the complex imagery of radioactivity that seized the public imagination long before the invention of the atomic bomb.

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18

McGann, Shane, and Evan R. Horton. "Radium-223 Dichloride." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 49, no. 4 (2015): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028014565444.

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19

Herbolsheimer, M. "Radium-223-Dichlorid." Der Onkologe 20, no. 10 (2014): 1024–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00761-014-2787-y.

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20

Murthy, M. S. S. "Discovery of radium." Resonance 6, no. 3 (2001): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02837667.

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21

Daillant, O., J. J. Cuvelier, and A. M. Brun. "Radium and radium decay products in some macromycetes : first results." Cryptogamie. Mycologie 14, no. 1 (1993): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.354363.

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22

Huck, Peter M., Gordon L. McClymont, Franklin W. Schwartz, Bruce E. Nesbitt, William B. Anderson, and Byron Kratochvil. "Modelling of radium-226 leaching from barium-radium sulfate sludges." Waste Management 9, no. 3 (1989): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-053x(89)90076-7.

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23

Pratt, R. M. "Review of radium hazards and regulation of radium in industry." Environment International 19, no. 5 (1993): 475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(93)90273-k.

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24

Alhamd, M. W., Sadeq Naeem Atiyah, Zaki Abduljabbar Alqaisi, and Mazen katea AL-Gharrawy. "Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in the Soil of Near Basra Oil Company Fields." Iraqi Journal of Industrial Research 10, no. 1 (2023): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53523/ijoirvol10i1id299.

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The present study aimed to determine the levels of contamination with Natural Occurring Radioactive Materials NORM in one of the south oil company fields. The external gamma absorbed dose rate Dγ measured in units of µSv/h was caused by gamma rays of Radium 222, Radium 228 (Thorium 232), and Potassium 40, respectively. The largest value is 9.220 µSv/h. It was found that the highest specific activity (concentration) for Radium 226 is 1136 Bq/kg and the lowest is 0.06 and the highest specific activity for Radium 228 is 721 Bq/kg and the lowest is 0.02 Bq/kg. As for Radium 224, its highest specific activity is 631 Bq/kg and the lowest is 0.02 Bq/kg. Radium-228 is higher than that of Radium-224 or Radium-226, as the Radium-224 is from the Uranium-232 series, and the Radium-228 and Radium-224 are from the Thorium-232 series, meaning that the percentage of the daughters of the Thorium chain is lower than the percentage of the daughters of the Thorium chain Uranium, because the half-life of Radium-226 is 1600 years, which is greater than the half-life of Radium-228, which is 5.75 years. A comparison was made between the local results with the results of soil in Amman. Methods of treating pollution with natural radioactive materials in the oil industry were also discussed.

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25

Cook, M., and R. Kleinschmidt. "Simultaneous Determination of 226Ra and 228Ra in Water by Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry." Australian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 7 (2011): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch11120.

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Radium is a naturally occurring alkaline earth metal that is present in soils, water, plants, and foods in low concentrations. In the analysis of radium in trace amounts, co-precipitation is the favoured way of separating an element from its matrix. In this case, radium is co-precipitated with barium. The purity and yield of the extraction is controlled by adsorption onto the barium sulfate precipitate and pH manipulation controls the solubility of certain products. This technique enables the removal of interfering lead-210 to yield a purified radium source for analysis, which is done using liquid scintillation spectrometry. The analytical results of spiked water samples are in good agreement with the known activities of radium-226 and radium-228 standard reference materials. Minimum detectable limits for radium-226 and radium-228 are calculated to be 0.01 and 0.06 Bq L–1, respectively. The method provides a fast, reliable, and accurate alternative to traditional radium isotope analysis based on α and gamma spectrometry.

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26

Matyskin, Artem V., Burçak Ebin, Mikhail Tyumentsev, et al. "Disassembly of old radium sources and conversion of radium sulfate into radium carbonate for subsequent dissolution in acid." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 310, no. 2 (2016): 589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-016-4927-x.

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27

Pospieszny, Tomasz, Ewelina Wajs-Baryła, and Izabela Nowak. "RADOWA GORĄCZKA." Wiadomości Chemiczne 78, no. 1 (2024): 71–100. https://doi.org/10.53584/wiadchem.2024.01.4.

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When Marie Skłodowska-Curie began research on the radiation of uranium compounds discovered by Henri Becquerel, she uncovered two new chemical elements, sparking a revolution in atomic science. From the very beginning, radium was hailed as a miraculous element; its salts emitted heat, colored porcelain and glass, and emitted a unique glow. Radium quickly found applications in medicine, where it was not only used to treat diseases but also employed in „mild radium therapy” for preventive purposes. Radium, however, possessed not only healing properties but also purported to have the ability to beautify, rejuvenate, prevent, and captivate. A global „radium fever” ensued, leading to the addition of radioactive salts to almost all everyday products. The stories of the „radium girls” and golfer Eben Byers, however, cast a shadow over the fame of radium.

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28

Zhao, Hanson Hanqing, Lauren Howard, Amanda de Hoedt, et al. "Racial disparities in radium-223 treatment in a large real-world population." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 7_suppl (2019): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.7_suppl.268.

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268 Background: Black men with prostate cancer are more likely to have unfavorable tumor characteristics and are at greater risk of prostate cancer mortality. Radium-223 is a FDA approved treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) that showed a survival benefit in the ALSYMPCA trial, where 94% of the participants were Caucasian. We aim to examine treatment patterns and outcomes of radium-223 in a large, heterogeneous population in the real world. Methods: We reviewed charts of all men with diagnosed with mCRPC in the entire Veterans Affairs (VA) system alive as of January 1st, 2013 who received radium-223. We compared common treatment patterns and characteristics between black and nonblack men. We analyzed predictors of time from radium-223 start to overall survival and time to skeletal related event (SRE) with Cox models. Results: 318 patients with bone mCRPC who received radium-223 were identified. 27% (87/318) were black. Black men were younger (67 vs 70 years, p = 0.001) and had higher PSA and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels at radium start (p = 0.014 and 0.017, respectively). There were no significant differences in biopsy Gleason, number of bone metastasis, primary localized treatment (yes/no), PSA doubling time, bone pain, or number of radium injections. Black men had lower mortality risk (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.98; P = 0.038) on multivariable analysis. Comparison of common treatment patterns between black and nonblack men revealed that black men were more likely to receive other therapies prior to radium, including chemotherapy. Conclusions: Using a large, heterogeneous, real world cohort, we describe differences in treatment patterns and outcomes with radium-223 between black and nonblack men with mCRPC. While black men had a lower risk of mortality in this cohort, they had higher PSA and ALP levels when receiving radium-223. They were also more likely to receive other therapies prior to radium-223, indicating a possible delay in radium use in black men.

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29

Rutherford, P. M., M. J. Dudas, and J. M. Arocena. "Radium in Phosphogypsum Leachates." Journal of Environmental Quality 24, no. 2 (1995): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400020014x.

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30

Hedström, Hanna, Ingmar Persson, Gunnar Skarnemark, and Christian Ekberg. "Characterization of Radium Sulphate." Journal of Nuclear Chemistry 2013 (May 22, 2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/940701.

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This paper examines the crystal structure of radium sulphate and compares its structure to barium sulphate, strontium sulphate, and lead sulphate. The radium sulphate powder was measured by both powder X-ray diffraction and EXAFS. The unit cell was determined to be orthorhombic, belonging to the Pnma (no. 62) space group with the cell parameters a=9.07 Å, b=5.52 Å, c=7.28 Å, and V=364.48 Å3. These data support the fact that radium sulphate is isostructural with barium, strontium, and lead sulphate. The bond distances were determined using EXAFS. The mean Ra–O and S–O bond distances were found to be 2.96(2) Å and 1.485(8) Å, respectively, and the Ra–O–S bond angle was 127(2)∘. Findings of EXAFS data are quite consistent and support the XRD data. These findings show that it is possible for radium to coprecipitate with barium, strontium, and lead in sulphate media to form a substitutional solid solution.

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31

Wollenberg, H. A., and K. L. Revzan. "Radium regionalization in California." Geophysical Research Letters 17, no. 6 (1990): 805–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gl017i006p00805.

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32

Steinhauser, Georg, and Andreas Musilek. "Do pyrotechnics contain radium?" Environmental Research Letters 4, no. 3 (2009): 034006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/3/034006.

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33

Macklis, Roger M. "The Great Radium Scandal." Scientific American 269, no. 2 (1993): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0893-94.

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34

Paul, H. W. "Our lady of radium." Nature 324, no. 6098 (1986): 624–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/324624b0.

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35

&NA;. "American Radium Society Meeting." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 12, no. 5 (1989): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-198910000-00028.

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36

del Regato, J. A. "The American Radium Society." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 14, no. 2 (1991): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-199104000-00001.

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37

&NA;. "American Radium Society Meeting." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 18, no. 6 (1995): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-199512000-00016.

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38

Kotovskii, A. A., N. A. Nerozin, I. V. Prokof’ev, et al. "Isolation of radium-224." Radiochemistry 57, no. 4 (2015): 448–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362215040207.

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39

Schmidt, Walter. "Radium bromatum D 1000." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 6, no. 04 (2007): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-937057.

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40

Fisher, Pete. "Nasal Radium Hotline Number." Science News 146, no. 15 (1994): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3978474.

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41

Genet, M. "Radium: A Miracle Cure!" Radiation Protection Dosimetry 79, no. 1 (1998): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032367.

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42

Cantrill, Vikki. "The realities of radium." Nature Chemistry 10, no. 8 (2018): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-018-0114-8.

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43

Arnheim, Katharina. "Radium-223 beim Prostatakrebs." Info Onkologie 17, no. 4 (2014): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15004-014-0866-2.

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44

Kovalevskii, Alexander. "Radium accumulation by plants." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, no. 18 (2006): A333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.673.

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45

Graebner, William. "Radium Girls, Corporate Boys." Reviews in American History 26, no. 3 (1998): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.1998.0049.

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46

Heinzer, H., F. König, and S. Klutmann. "Alphastrahler Radium-223-Dichlorid." Der Urologe 53, no. 4 (2014): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00120-014-3436-1.

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47

Eskenazy, Greta M., and D. Velichkov. "Radium in Bulgarian coals." International Journal of Coal Geology 94 (May 2012): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2011.12.010.

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48

Murthy, M. S. S. "The legacy of Radium." Resonance 3, no. 12 (1998): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02838099.

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49

Lowson, R. T. "The thermochemistry of radium." Thermochimica Acta 91 (September 1985): 185–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(85)85214-x.

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50

Sidhu, K. S., and M. S. Breithart. "Naturally Occurring Radium-226 and Radium-228 in Water Supplies of Michigan." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 61, no. 6 (1998): 722–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900821.

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