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Ivanković, Ante. "Hrvatski rodovi općine Muć /." Split : Majumi, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017998036&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Hessberg, Andreas von. "Landschafts- und Vegetationsdynamik entlang renaturierter Flussabschnitte von Obermain und Rodach." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969730039.
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Bobková, Anežka. "Tvorba metodiky kurzu Komunikace mezi rodiči a MŠ." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193498.
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This thesis was created for the purpose of processing methodology course named "Communication between the parents and the kindergarten" for employees of nursery schools. Participants after finishing the course should be able to respond more appropriately to often difficult situations that may arise. A higher level of communication skills should increase the competibility of the kindergarten and create a friendly atmosphere. The work is aimed at kindergartens with personalized education which have their own origin in Spain. The author looks at the problem through benchmarking (continuous and systematic comparison to the top of this branch-- Spain, Poland). Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, interviews and observation. The result is a course methodology which includes six exemplary studies and their solutions with some other advice for a mutual communication.
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ALBORGHETTI, CLAUDIA. "VOCI E IMMAGINI DI GIANNI RODARI IN TRADUZIONE INGLESE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10791.
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La ricerca studia le riscritture delle opere di Gianni Rodari (1920-1980) in traduzione inglese attraverso la mediazione degli editori, critici letterari ma soprattutto dei traduttori tra il 1960 e il 2011. Nell’ambito degli studi sul contesto di produzione delle opere tradotte (Bassnett & Lefevere, 1998; Chesterman et al., 2000), la prima parte della ricerca presenta le caratteristiche traduttive della letteratura per l’infanzia attraverso un’analisi retrospettiva (Toury, 2012) utile a contestualizzare le opere di Rodari in inglese per il pubblico Anglo-Americano. La seconda parte illustra la mediazione linguistica dei traduttori in quattro di queste opere in inglese a partire dagli S-Universals (Chesterman, 2004). L’analisi delle traduzioni di Patrick Creagh (1965, 1971), Jack Zipes e Antony Shugaar (2008, 2011 rispettivamente), condotta attraverso le nove categorie traduttive proposte da J. L. Malone nel 1988, ha mostrato diversi gradi di addomesticamento ed estraniamento traduttivo (Venuti, 1995) a seconda dell’età del pubblico ricevente. Specificamente, le traduzioni addomesticanti si sono rivelate creative al punto da avvicinarsi all’intento narrativo di Rodari nei testi originali. La traduzione estraniante di Shugaar del 2011 ha mantenuto i riferimenti alla cultura italiana del testo rodariano, mostrando un cambiamento di pubblico ricevente dal testo fonte (pubblico giovane) al testo di arrivo (adulti).<br>The research investigates the extent to which Gianni Rodari’s (1920-1980) works changed in their English translations through the mediating presence of publishers, reviewers, and especially translators between the 1960s and 2011. With reference to the cultural context of production of translated works (Bassnett & Lefevere, 1998; Chesterman et al., 2000), translational patterns of children’s literature were firstly studied from a retrospective point of view (Toury, 2012) to contextualise Rodari’s books in English in the UK and the US. Secondly, the intervention of translators in four of these books was analysed within the mediation framework provided by S-Universals in translation (Chesterman, 2004). The discrete analysis of the translations by Patrick Creagh (1965, 1971), Jack Zipes and Antony Shugaar (2008, 2011 respectively), based on the nine translational trajections identified by J. L. Malone (1988), showed that the translators adopted different foreignising and domesticating strategies (Venuti, 1995) according to the intended public. More specifically, domesticating strategies presented a high degree of creativity in line with Rodari’s original narrative purpose, whereas Shugaar’s foreignising translation (2011) retained references to the Italian culture as in Rodari’s source text, marking a shift of audience from children to adults, from the Italian to the English target text.
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Jiang, Yunhang. "Errori nella traduzione cinese di alcuni racconti di Gianni Rodari." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Gianni Rodari è uno dei più grandi scrittori della letteratura per l'infanzia del XX secolo, è il primo e il solo autore italiano ad aver ricevuto il Premio Handersen. Alcune opere di Gianni Rodari sono state tradotte anche in cinese e sono popolari tra i bambini cinesi. Nel mio lavoro di tesi ho scelto due libri di Gianni Rodari tradotti in cinese, "Gip nel televisore e altre storie in orbita" e "Teresìn che non cresceva", e ho analizzato gli errori presenti nelle traduzioni in cinese.
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Schwartz, Cecilia. "Capriole in cielo : Aspetti fantastici nel racconto di Gianni Rodari." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of French, Italian and Classical Languages, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-847.
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<p>The purpose of this dissertation is to study the fantastic in the tales of the Italian children’s author Gianni Rodari. This analysis is grounded in the hypothesis that the fantastic is primarily characterized by two <i>esthetic qualities</i>, play and lightness, both of which are manifested at different levels in these texts, as well as in the relation between children and adults.</p><p>As a background for the textual analysis in the present work, an introductory review is provided of previous research, followed by a historical and theoretical consideration of fantastical children’s literature, together with a study of Rodari’s own relation to the fantastic. For previous research, the results clearly indicate an arbitrary relationship to Rodari’s texts, such that the fantastic is admittedly recognized, but is often confused with the fairy-tale. However, the present review of the history of Italian fantastical literature for children indicates that Rodari is writing in a fantastical and humorous tradition that begins with <i>Pinocchio</i>, a tradition that is <i>inter alia </i>characterized by its ability to bridge the gap between children’s and adult literature. Based on theoretical definitions of the fairy-tale (Propp, Thompson, Lüthi) and the fantastic (Todorov, Rabkin, Jackson, Held), the present work presents its own model for the study of Rodari’s texts, which are also compared with the author’s own poetics,<i> The Grammar of Fantasy.</i></p><p>A narratological analysis of a tale with both a children’s and an adult version (in itself an example of <i>crosswriting</i>) demonstrates that the fantastic and the humoristic are given freer rein when Rodari is writing for children. This appears to be linked to his concept of the child as the ideal reader, a reader primarily defined by an open and unprejudiced attitude to literature, rather than by age <i>per se</i>. The dissertation’s study of play and lightness (lack of weight) clearly confirms the hypothesis that these elements are a major component of the fantastic in Rodari’s texts; the results nevertheless indicate that play dominates on the level of language, and lightness on that of content.</p><p>One of the most important results of this dissertation is that Rodari’s texts, in addition to possessing certain stylistic characteristics, do not demonstrate any deeper similarities to fairy tales. Instead, the author’s tales share numerous characteristics with the traditional concept of the fantastic such as a clear reaction to the supernatural element, and a particular interest in both the material nature of language and existential liminal regions. At the same time, the results indicate several specific characteristics that distinguish the fantastic in Rodari from that which is written for adults, such as its explicit grounding in the child’s everyday existence and imaginative world, as well as its backgrounding of frightening aspects, with prominence instead being given to playfulness.</p>
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Schwartz, Cecilia. "Capriole in cielo : aspetti fantastici nel racconto di Gianni Rodari /." Stockholm : Institutionen för franska, italienska och klassiska språk, Stockholms universitet, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-847.
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Larsson, Andrea, and Uggla Uggla. "Is it appropriate to int roduce free subleasing in Bostadsrättslagen?" Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254302.
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Today, Sweden suffers from a shortage of housing in many of the country's growth areas, a shortage of housing that hardens the country's growth and the creation of new jobs. Svenskt Näringsliv believes that several measures are needed to solve the shortcoming. (Svenskt Näringsliv 2019) The structures in housing policy therefore need to be reviewed and a longterm solution is a must. In the short term, however, there is a possible saving in the country's tenant-owned apartments that, with more generous rules on subleasing, could provide a necessary supplement to temporary housing where needed. According to the current provisions of Bostadsrättslagen, a tenant-owner may sublease his apartment if the board of the tenant owners’ co-operative agrees to this. In cases where consent is not required, the tenant-owner has the opportunity to turn to Hyresnämnden, which will test the interests of the two parties against each other in order to decide the issue. Thus, it can be stated that it is not up to the tenant-owner himself to decide whether he can sublease his apartment. The revisions that have been made since Bostadsrättslagen was issued have been to the benefit of the tenant-owner. Despite this there are today various restrictions that prevents the tenant-owner from freely subleasing his apartment. The purpose of this essay has therefore been to clarify the reasoning behind the provisions of the regulations, test its relevance based on the current situation and finally to analyse whether it is appropriate to introduce free provisions on subleasing, for independent use, to the advantage of the tenant-owner. In order to investigate this, an overall literature study was first conducted to map the extent of the issue in sources of law. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of the sources of law, considered relevant regarded to the purpose of the thesis, was performed. The sources of law that were processed in this essay were laws, proposition of laws and government reports. Consequently, case law and parliament reports has not been addressed in this paper. Lastly, the question was answered with anchoring in the in-depth literature analysis. The conclusion is that it is appropriate to introduce free subleasing in Bostadsrättslagen if the benefits of this provision outweigh the scope of the work that a revision of the law could entail.<br>Sverige lider idag av en brist på bostäder i många av landets tillväxtorter, en bostadsbrist som slår hårt mot landets tillväxt och skapandet av nya jobb. Svenskt näringsliv menar på att flera åtgärder behövs för att lösa bristen. (Svenskt Näringsliv 2019) Strukturerna i bostadspolitiken behöver därmed ses över och en långsiktig lösning är ett måste. På kort sikt finns dock ett tänkbart sparkapital i landets bostadsrätter som, vid generösare regler om andrahandsupplåtelse för självständigt brukande, hade kunnat tillföra ett nödvändigt tillskott på tillfälliga bostäder där det behövs. Enligt dagens bestämmelser i bostadsrättslagen får en bostadsrättshavare upplåta sin lägenhet i andrahand om bostadsrättsföreningens styrelse samtycker till detta. I de fall samtycke ej erhålls har bostadsrättshavaren möjlighet att vända sig till hyresnämnden, vilken prövar de två parternas intressen mot varandra för att avgöra frågan. Således kan det konstateras att det inte är upp till bostadsrättshavaren själv att avgöra om denne kan hyra ut sin lägenhet. De revideringar som genomförts sedan bostadsrättslagen infördes har varit till fördel för bostadsrättshavaren, trots detta har denne idag således diverse inskränkningar som hindrar denne från att fritt upplåta sin lägenhet i andra hand. Denna uppsats syfte har därför varit att klarlägga resonemanget bakom bestämmelsernas utformning, pröva dess relevans utifrån dagens rådande situation och slutligen analysera om det är lämpligt att i bostadsrättslagen införa bestämmelser som möjliggör fri andrahandsupplåtelse. För att utreda detta genomfördes först en övergripande litteraturstudie för att kartlägga frågans utbredning i juridiska rättskällor. Därefter utfördes en djupgående analys av de rättskällor som ansågs relevanta med hänsyn till uppsatsens syfte. De rättskällor som behandlades var lagar, propositioner och statliga betänkanden inom området. Rättspraxis och riksdagsbetänkanden har följaktligen inte berörts i denna uppsats. Slutligen besvarades frågeställningen med förankring i den djupgående litteraturanalysen. Slutsatsen i denna uppsats är att det är lämpligt att i bostadsrättslagen införa bestämmelser som möjliggör fri andrahandsupplåtelse om fördelarna denna bestämmelse medför väger tyngre än omfattningen av det arbete en revidering av lagen skulle kunna innebära.
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Maga, Camelia Rodica [Verfasser]. "Adaptierbares Wiederverwendungskonzept für die Entwicklung von automatisierten Systemen / Camelia Rodica Maga." Aachen : Shaker, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1050341848/34.
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Della, Santa Alice. "La rima: dalla metrica alla pedagogia con un'indagine su Gianni Rodari." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5646/.
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Questo lavoro si presenta come un’indagine pluridisciplinare fra metrica,linguistica,letteratura e didattica, in cui la rima n’è l’oggetto e il filo conduttore. Attraverso questa ricerca si tenta di mostrare la capacità della rima di costituire un ponte fra espressione e contenuto, di allargare così il bagaglio non solo linguistico del fruitore, ma anche quello conoscitivo. Partendo dall’ambito linguistico e metrico, si analizza in prima istanza, l’apporto pratico che la rima ha avuto nell’evoluzione delle lingue volgari indoeuropee, per poi diventare il mezzo più semplice e istintivo per strutturare il verso poetico. Si passa così da un contesto folklorico ad uno colto, percorrendo tutti i secoli della nostra storia letteraria. Nella seconda parte la materia metrica cede il posto a quella didattico – pedagogica, e il passaggio è facilitato dalla poesia novecentesca che rimette in discussione il ruolo della rima, e la vede come il mezzo perfetto d’associazione fra parole, non solo di suono, ma anche di senso. A questo risponde la teoria del “binomio fantastico” di cui si avvale Gianni Rodari per creare le sue filastrocche, ed educare divertendo i suoi alunni. La rima con la sua omofonia finale, col suo accostamento casuale, concentra l’attenzione del bambino su di se e lo fa entrare a contatto col mondo delle parole, con la potenza della lingua.
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Alves, Stefania Ciambelli. "O universo fantástico de Rodari nas aulas de língua italiana: construindo leitores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-23042012-153256/.
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Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa, desenvolvida durante cinco meses, direcionada para o ensino de língua estrangeira, neste caso, o italiano, e para as estratégias de leitura utilizadas pelo professor, ao adotar a narrativa fantástica, como recurso de aprendizagem. Como objetivo, buscou-se refletir sobre como o uso do texto literário, em específico a narrativa fantástica, pode facilitar a aprendizagem da língua estrangeira, e o desenvolvimento de um leitor competente, com a utilização de estratégias adequadas à leitura. A partir do desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, pôde-se realizar uma análise do percurso percorrido, no início, no meio e no final, por cinco alunos, com a idade de 10 anos, do 5° ano do ensino fundamental, de uma escola bilíngue, português-italiano, para compreender o sentido do texto e como eles manifestaram uma evolução em sua competência leitora por meio das estratégias utilizadas pelo professor, no decorrer da leitura das três estórias escolhidas, do escritor Gianni Rodari. Realizamos, ainda, a análise da produção escrita final dos alunos para investigar não só a progressão linguística como também a capacidade de reconhecer e usar estruturas de manifestação da língua, especificamente a utilizada na narrativa fantástica de Rodari. O corpus que adotamos, encontra-se no livro Favole al telefono (Fábulas por telefone), de Gianni Rodari, e consiste em três narrativas fantásticas, sendo que a primeira é Il palazzo di gelato (O palácio de sorvete), a quinta é La strada di cioccolato (A rua de chocolate) e a décima é a La caramella istruttiva (A bala instrutiva). A análise, pautada na concepção interacionista, da estudiosa Kleiman, e na narrativa fantástica de Rodari, objetivou detectar se a participação do leitor-aprendiz, como sujeito da leitura, centrando-se nas estratégias de leitura, de um lado, e no desenvolvimento de habilidades linguísticas, de outro, se efetivou. Para tanto, trabalhou-se com a ideia de que a leitura não é aceitação passiva de vocábulos fragmentados, mas é construção ativa de sentido, em que o processo de interação é essencial.<br>This research, developed over five months, is aimed at the teaching of a foreign language in this case, the Italian language and the reading strategies adopted by a teacher when embracing the fantastic narrative as a learning resource. With respect to its purpose, a reflection has been sought on the ways the use of literary text may help the apprenticeship of a foreign language and the promotion of a competent reader by the use of appropriate strategies for reading. The development of the present research allowed the conduction of an analysis of the path followed by five 10-year-old 5th grade students of ensino fundamental (primary education according to Brazilian standards) from a bilingual Portuguese-Italian school. This analysis focused on their understanding of the meaning of the texts and how those students unfolded an evolution in their reading skills through the strategies used by the teacher in the course of the reading of the three stories previously chosen, from writer Gianni Rodari. An analysis of the final written production has been conducted as well, to investigate not only the linguistic progression but also the capability of recognizing and employing manifestations of language structures, specially the one used in Rodaris fantastic narrative. The set of texts that formed the basis for research is to be found in Rodaris book Favole al telefono (Fairy Tales Over the Phone), consisting of three fantastic narratives; the first one is Il palazzo di gelato (The Palace Made of Ice Cream), the fifth one is La strada di cioccolato (The Street Made of Chocolate) and the tenth one is La caramella istruttiva (Educational Candy). Both researcher Kleimans interactionist approach and Rodaris fantastic narrative have subsidized this analysis focusing on the strategies of reading, on one side, and on the development of linguistic skills, on the other side that aimed at verifying whether the participation of the apprentice reader, as the subject of the action of reading, had become effective. To this end, we worked with the notion that reading is not the passive acceptance of fragmented words, but is an active construction of meaning to which the process of interaction is essential.
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Ervina, Dabižinović. ""Diskursi o ženama Boke Kotorske: rodni identiteti (1815-2015)"." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Asocijacija centara za interdisciplinarne i multidisciplinarne studije i istraživanja, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=106219&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Rasutost i postojanje malog broj podataka o doprinosu žena razvoju emancipacije u Boki Kotorskoj čini da se održava stereotipna slika o ženama kao pasivnim i gurnutim u privatnu sferu. Cilj istraživanja je prikupljanje, selekcija i klasifikacija podataka na jednom mjestu o institucijama obrazovanja za žene, udruženjima žena i doprinosu pojedinih žena emancipaciji i ravnopravnosti u Boki Kotorskoj tokom dva vijeka (1815-2015). U fokusu pažnje su identiteti žena u određenom vremenu i prostoru.1. Hipoteza: U Boki Kotorskoj postoje mnogobrojni podaci o dostignućima žena, za period 1815-2015. rasuti po različitim izvorima i otuda nedovoljno dostupni javnosti.Tri su metoda analize: metodu analize diskursa; intersekcionalnosti, metod životne priče.Uzorak čine tri tipa empirijskog materijala: 1. Biografije pojedinačnih žena (ukupno 21); 2. Biografije udruženja žena (ukupno 6); Biografije škola za žene (ukupno 5). Analiza biografija žena sadrži 6 komponenata identiteta (djetinjstvo, brak i porodica, profesionalni identitet, rodno senzitivni jezik (ROJ), devedesete godine 20.vijeka, članstvo u udruženjima).Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su pojedinke, udruženja žena i škole za žene, značajno doprinijele razvoju i emancipaciji ukupnog društva u Boki Kotorskoj, o čemu u društvenoj, obrazovnoj i akademskoj zajednici ima dovoljno podataka, a do sada neproučenih. Osnovni je rezultat da su žene tokom dva vijeka u prostoru Boke Kotorske oblikovale svoje indentitete shodno potrebama i na korist društva, a preko različitih kreativnih akcija.Zaključujem da će ovdje sistematizovani empirijski podaci poslužili za vrednovanje učinka žena tokom dva vijeka ne samo u prostoru Boke Kotorske. Zato se podaci mogu iskoristiti u nastavnom procesu u osnovnim i srednjim školama, posebno na interdisciplinarnim rodnim studijama na univerzitetima u Crnoj Gori i u regionu. Podaci su djelatni i za osnivanje Muzeja žena u Crnoj Gori.<br>It seems that dispersion and scarcity of information about women’s contribution to emancipation in Boka Kotorska may support the stereotypical image of women being passive and moved to a private sphere. The aim of the research is to collect, select and classify the information about the institutions for education of women, women’s associations and individual contributions of women to emancipation and equality in Boka Kotorska over the period of two centuries (1815-2015). Identities of women in certain time and space have been in focus of attentionHypotesis 1: There is plenty of information about women’s accomplishments in Boka Kotorska for the period between 1815 -2015, dispersed through various resources, hence insufficiently accessible to the public. Three methods of analysis are the method of discourse analysis; intersectional analysis and the method of life stories. The sample includes three types of empirical materials: 1. Biographies of individual women (21 in total); 2. Biographies of women’s associations ( 6 in total); 3. Biographies of schools for women (5 in total). The analysis of women’s biographies comprises 6 components of personal identity (childhood, marriage and family, professional identity, gender sensitive language (GSL), the decade of nineties in 20th century, membership in various associations). The results of the research show that the individuals, women’s associations and schools for women, have considerably contributed to the overall emancipation of society in Boka Kotorska , but the evidence of the same has not been fully disclosed to the general intellectual and academic public. The crucial result is the one about women formatting their identities in accordance with the needs and benefits of society through various creative activities in Boka Kotorska in the period of two centuries. Herefor, I conclude that these systematized empirical data will be valuable for the evaluation of women’s accomplishments in the period of two centuries in Boka Kotorska, but elsewhere too. All the pieces of information are relevant to be used in educational process at various levels, starting from the primary and secondary schools, and especially important for the interdisciplinary gender studies at the universities in Montenegro and in the region. It is possible to use them effectively in founding the Museum of Women in Montenegro.
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Jelena, Stefanović. "Rodni stereotipi u romanima lektire drugog ciklusa osnovne škole." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Asocijacija centara za interdisciplinarne i multidisciplinarne studije i istraživanja, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101600&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U radu se, primenom feminističke književne kritike, analiziraju rodni stereotipi u svih četrnaest romana iz lektire za drugi ciklus obrazovanja. Pokazuje se da su rodni stereotipi prisutni u različitim aspektima ovih romana, kao što su zastupljenost i konstrukcija likova, sadržaj i način oblikovanja priče. Takođe, predstavljaju se metodički modeli nastavnih interpretacija ovih romana, koji uvažavaju rodnu perspektivu. Primena ovih modela omogućava da učenice i učenici prepoznaju rodne stereotipe, razumeju njihovu funkciju i zauzmu kritički odnos prema njima.<br>The dissertation analyzes gender stereotypes by applying feminist literary criticism in all fourteen novels included in the second cycle of the primary education curriculum. It is indicated that gender stereotypes are present in various aspects of the novels, such as characters’ presence and construction, content and method of creating stories. Furthermore, the methodical models of educational interpretations of these novels, which respect the gender perspective, are also presented. The application of these models allows pupils to recognize gender stereotypes, understand their function and take a critical attitude towards them.
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Massini, Giulia <1980>. "Il dialogo con l'infanzia. Utopia del folklore, nonsense e comico in Gianni Rodari." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3085/.
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Nel trentennale dalla morte di Gianni Rodari, la tesi elabora problemi e riflessioni circa la maggiore urgenza corrente tra gli attuali studi rodariani: la necessità, per la cultura nazionale, di conferire a Gianni Rodari e alla letteratura per l’infanzia il ruolo intellettuale determinante da essi rivestito. La tesi sceglie di concentrarsi sui maggiori libri poetici e sul capolavoro teorico, la Grammatica della fantasia, utilizzando come strumenti il confronto con Gramsci, con la tradizione del folklore, con i grandi scrittori per l’infanzia dell’Inghilterra e con le altre esperienze poetiche del Novecento, discutendo Rodari da una specola esclusivamente filologica e letteraria.
Parte prima: Rodari utopista.
Nella prima parte Gianni Rodari viene inquadrato in un confronto diretto con l’Antonio Gramsci dei Quaderni, che aveva lucidamente individuato la separatezza tutta italiana tra classe intellettuale e mondo popolare, con conseguente inesistenza di una letteratura nazionale-popolare e di una specifica letteratura per l’infanzia. Rodari, primo intellettuale a dedicare tutto se stesso al riempimento di questa lacuna, risponde con intento sociale e politico al problema, adottando un atteggiamento che la tesi definisce utopico. Tramite una disamina del pensiero delle utopie letterarie a confronto con la tradizione popolare del paese di Cuccagna, la tesi procede all’accurato rinvenimento nell’opera di Rodari dei luoghi utopici, tutti orientati a suggerire un utilizzo dell’utopia come chiave per forzare un presente insoddisfacente e accedere a un futuro costruito da ogni individuo in prima persona.
Parte seconda: Rodari poeta nonsense?
Scritta in Inghilterra presso l’Istitute of Germanic and Romance Studies della University of London, la seconda e corposa parte della tesi si propone come un ampliamento della traccia gettata nel 1983 dall’articolo di Cristina Bertea Gianni Rodari in Gran Bretagna. La tesi analizza dapprima il problema del nonsense, ancora scarsamente trattato in Italia, riflettendo criticamente sulla maggiore bibliografia anglosassone che ha studiato il tema. Successivamente, mette a raffronto il lavoro linguistico che Gianni Rodari ha compiuto lungo l’arco di tutta la vita e le tecniche di composizione poetica elaborate nella Grammatica della fantasia con gli strumenti retorico-formali del nonsense individuati nell’opera di Lewis Carroll, di Edward Lear e delle nursery rhymes inglesi.
Parte terza: Traccia per una mappatura della poesia per l’infanzia in Italia, a partire da Gianni Rodari.
L’ultima parte della tesi si avventura alla ricerca di un percorso possibile attraverso la poesia per l’infanzia del Novecento e le sue esperienze di comicità. I capitoli si soffermano sul nonsense di Toti Scialoja e di Nico Orengo, sui precedenti di Lina Schwarz e Alfonso Gatto, sul Petel di Zanzotto, sulla poesia di soglia di Vivian Lamarque e sull’eredità della Grammatica della fantasia con particolare riferimento a Calicanto, di Ersilia Zamponi e Roberto Piumini.
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Rodeck, Gesine Verfasser], and Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] [Nashan. "Chirurgisch-onkologische Therapie kolorektaler Lebermetastasen im Wandel der Zeit / Gesine Rodeck. Betreuer: Björn Nashan." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1064524575/34.
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Rodeck, Rebecca [Verfasser]. "Beitrag zur Entwicklung eines Mensch-Maschine-Systems zur Reparaturvorbereitung an CFK-Großstrukturen / Rebecca Rodeck." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1232846872/34.
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Gerab, Andr? Tabosa Fernandes de Santa Cruz. "Utiliza??o do res?duo grosso do beneficiamento da scheelita em aplica??es rodovi?rias." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19515.
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-30<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES<br>A minera??o ? uma atividade de grande valor econ?mico e social, auxiliando no desenvolvimento do pa?s. Por outro lado, pode ser extremamente danosa ao meio ambiente caso n?o exista um adequado estudo de gest?o de res?duo como medida mitigadora de seus efeitos. Exemplo de alguns desses efeitos nocivos s?o a polui??o das ?guas, do solo e do ar.
Existem outros tipos de polui??es geradas pelas atividades mineradoras, como a polui??o visual, devido ? estocagem dos rejeitos por muitas vezes realizados a c?u aberto, modificado a paisagem local; a polui??o sonora devido aos ru?dos provocados pelas maquinas, dentre outros.
Uma das formas de ser amenizar os impactos ambientais gerados pela minera??o ? a gest?o adequada de seus rejeitos, atrav?s, por exemplo, da sua utiliza??o em constru??o de rodovias.
Com esse intuito, este trabalho se prop?e a dar uma destina??o adequada os rejeitos oriundos do beneficiamento da scheelita, decorrentes da atividade mineradora do grupo de minera??o Tomaz Salustino, na mina Breju?, localizada no munic?pio de Currais Novos, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte.
O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido quatro etapas, sendo que a primeira engloba os ensaios qu?micos e mineral?gicos, de DRX e FRX em que se pretende descobrir a composi??o do material estudado. A etapa seguinte compreende a caracteriza??o f?sica do rejeito, por meio de ensaios de granulometria e massa espec?fica dos s?lidos, limite de liquidez e limite de plasticidade. A terceira etapa contempla os ensaios espec?ficos da pavimenta??o, por assim dizer, o ensaio de compacta??o Proctor e o ensaio de ?ndice de Suporte Calif?rnia. Por fim, a quarta etapa compreende a caracteriza??o mec?nica, representado pelos ensaios de cisalhamento direto, tanto na condi??o seca quanto inundada.
Foi verificada a viabilidade t?cnica da utiliza??o do rejeito grosso oriundo do beneficiamento da scheelita, compactado na energia modificada, para utiliza??o em camadas de sub-base. Para o rejeito moldado nas energias intermedi?ria e normal ? vi?vel a sua utiliza??o como camadas menos nobres, como refor?o de subleito e subleito.
A incorpora??o dos rejeitos do beneficiamento do Scheelita em rodovias proporcionar? uma alternativa ao uso de agregados convencionalmente utilizados na pavimenta??o, uma destina??o adequada dos rejeitos da scheelita, como tamb?m a preserva??o ambiental.<br>Mining is an activity of great economic and social value, assisting in the development
of the country. However, it can be extremely harmful to the environment if no proper
waste management study exists as mitigation measure its effects. Sample some of
these harmful effects are pollution: water, through the seepage of waste into the
groundwater; soil; of fauna and flora; sound (due to the noise of machines); visual
from the residue stored in the open, changing the local landscape; and air.
One way to mitigate environmental impacts caused by mining is the proper
management of their waste through their use on highways.
To that end, this paper proposes to give an appropriate destination to grit coming
from the beneficiation of scheelite, due to mining activity from mining group Tomaz
Salustino in Breju? mine, located in the city of Currais Novos in the state of Rio
Grande do Norte.
This work was developed in four stages. The first comprised the chemical and
mineralogical tests, DRX and FRX in which they sought to discover the composition
of the material studied. The next step involved the physical characteristics of the
waste by means of specific tests and grinding the solid mass, LL and LP. The third
stage included the specific tests applied to the pavement, with the compaction test
and test Index Support California. Finally, the fourth stage was the mechanical
characterization, represented by direct shear tests, both in the flooded condition and
not in flooded condition.
The technical feasibility of using the modified energie compacted in layers of subbase
power has been verified. In normal and intermediate energies is feasible to use
less noble as layers as the subgrade.
The incorporation of the waste in layers of road pavements provide an alternative to
conventionally used in paving aggregates, providing a proper disposal of tailings from
scheelite, as well as environmental preservation
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Seutin, Rodric [Verfasser], Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwenk, and Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Hebeler. "Electromagnetic Properties of Light Nuclei with Chiral Effective Field Theory Currents / Rodric Seutin ; Achim Schwenk, Kai Hebeler." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228537402/34.
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Due?as, Miguel Alfredo Flores. "Competi??o e regulamenta??o no transporte de passageiros: Um est?dio no transporte rodovi?rio intermunicipal." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14997.
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Previous issue date: 2006-05-19<br>The objective of this research is the verification of the competition in the intecity market, after the entrance of new competitors (vans and microbus) regulated and clandestine. For verification of this new view was effected one research of documentary character for the knowledge of the regulation and exploratory character of the system Natal - territory of the Serid?, for thus in making will know this problematic, well as its characteristics, attractivenesses and development of the territory of the Serid?, and its link with the Capital (Natal). Later, through a descriptive exploratory research of the type survey with the passengers to know as these are being taken care and its satisfaction in relation to the regulated companies. With the drivers if focus effected one group, and with the staff of the of sale ticket a research survey, aiming at to know the strategies used for the only company of bus that takes care of the territory of the Serid?, the implantation of these and the consequence of the user. In accordance with the generic tipologia of Porter and its strategies, were perceived that the bus company adopted the strategy of price leadership being competitive, using to advantage its bigger space in the market, already vans and the microbuses with its limited participation bet in a strategy of "differentiation" in its service, effecting faster trips and in the strategy of "approach" we find the not regulated services earn the service to the taste of the user<br>O objetivo desta pesquisa ? a verifica??o da competi??o no mercado intermunicipal, ap?s a entrada de novos concorrentes (vans e micro?nibus) regulamentadas e ou clandestinas. Para verifica??o deste novo panorama efetuo-se uma pesquisa de car?ter documental para o conhecimento da regulamenta??o e car?ter explorat?rio do sistema Natal Regi?o do Serid?, para assim nos familiarizar com sua problem?tica, bem como suas caracter?sticas, atratividades e desenvolvimento da regi?o do Serid?, e seu elo com a Capital (Natal). Posteriormente, se realizou uma pesquisa explorat?ria descritiva do tipo survey com os passageiros para saber como estes est?o sendo atendidos e sua satisfa??o em rela??o ?s empresas regulamentadas. Com os motoristas se efetuou um focus group, e com o pessoal do guich? uma pesquisa survey, visando conhecer as estrat?gias utilizadas pela ?nica empresa de ?nibus que atende a regi?o do Serid?, a implanta??o destas e o reflexo do usu?rio. De acordo com a tipologia de Porter e suas estrat?gias gen?ricas, percebeu-se que a empresa de ?nibus adotou a estrat?gia de lideran?a de pre?o para ser competitiva, aproveitando a sua melhor coloca??o no mercado, j? as vans e os micro?nibus com sua limitada participa??o apostam numa estrat?gia de diferencia??o no seu servi?o, efetuando viagens mais r?pidas e na estrat?gia de enfoque encontramos os servi?os n?o regulamentares ganha no servi?o ao gosto do usu?rio
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Deus, Gustavo Portela de. "An?lise e avalia??o dos elementos de penetra??o no solo de equipamentos rodovi?rios ap?s revestimento." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12675.
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Previous issue date: 2008-08-22<br>The main objective is to analyze the abrasive wear resistance to the low stress of the elements that make up the organs of road machinery that are exposed directly to contact with abrasives. These samples were analyzed after these elements are coated superficially by the process of welding electrode coated with (SAER) and the manual process of coating type LVOF thermal spraying. As well, is to provide suggestions for a better recovery and return of
these elements, which are reducing costs and avoiding downtime in the fronts of service. The samples were made from a substrate of carbon ABNT 1045 tempered steel, following the same specifications and composition of metals and alloys of constituents was followed the
standard governing the dimensions of these samples and in accordance with the corresponding size. The results were evaluated by testing the hardness, abrasion resistance to wear by the low stress and the loss of volume involving the microstructure of coatings analyzed<br>O objetivo principal do trabalho ? analisar a resist?ncia ao desgaste abrasivo ? baixa tens?o dos elementos que comp?em os ?rg?os de m?quinas rodovi?rias que est?o expostos diretamente ao contato com abrasivos. Estas an?lises foram efetuadas ap?s estes elementos serem revestidos superficialmente pelo processo de soldagem com eletrodo revestido (SAER) manual e pelo processo de revestimento por aspers?o t?rmica tipo LVOF. Como tamb?m visa apresentar sugest?es para um melhor aproveitamento e rendimento destes elementos, quais sejam, diminuindo custos e evitando paralisa??es nas frentes de servi?o. Os corpos-de-prova foram confeccionados a partir de um substrato de a?o carbono ABNT 1045 temperado,
seguindo as mesmas especifica??es e composi??es dos metais constituintes das ligas e foi seguida a norma que regulamenta as dimens?es destas amostras e de acordo com a grandeza correspondente. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio de ensaios de dureza, resist?ncia ao desgaste por abras?o ? baixa tens?o e pela perda de volume associando a microestrutura dos revestimentos analisados
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Silva, Filipe Bruno dos Santos. "Avalia??o de misturas de solo de res?duo de polimento de porcelanato para emprego em obras rodovi?rias." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA CIVIL, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22283.
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Previous issue date: 2016-08-26<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)<br>Com o crescente avan?o industrial, a gest?o de res?duos s?lidos se torna um desafio constante na sociedade. Esse cen?rio tamb?m ? realidade nas ind?strias brasileiras, incluindo as que produzem materiais cer?micos. A etapa de polimento na produ??o do porcelanato em ind?strias cer?micas gera grandes quantidades de um res?duo composto por restos de pe?as cer?micas, ?gua e resqu?cios de discos abrasivos utilizados na etapa de polimento. Esse res?duo corresponde a um p? branco de granulometria fina e composi??o qu?mica vari?vel, conhecido como Res?duo de Polimento de Porcelanato (RPP). Neste trabalho, foi estudada a utiliza??o de misturas de solo e RPP para emprego em obras rodovi?rias. O res?duo utilizado nesta pesquisa foi coletado em uma empresa localizada no munic?pio de Conde/PB e foi estudado em misturas com um solo areno-argiloso. No presente estudo, foram utilizadas diferentes dosagens de res?duo, especificamente, 0% (Solo Puro) 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 40% em rela??o ? massa seca de solo. Al?m da caracteriza??o dos materiais mediante a realiza??o de ensaios para determina??o de limite de liquidez e de plasticidade, granulometria conjunta e massa espec?fica dos s?lidos, foram realizados ensaios de compacta??o, ensaios para a determina??o do ISC (?ndice de Suporte Calif?rnia) e adensamento unidimensional. Realizou-se ainda uma prova de carga em placa no laborat?rio com a mistura de 10%, comparando-se com dados de prova de carga em placa do solo puro e da mistura de 5% obtidos na literatura t?cnica. Em virtude da qu?mica do material, foi realizado ainda um estudo preliminar sobre a influ?ncia de atividade pozol?nica nos resultados. Por fim, realizou-se uma an?lise de car?ter ambiental, baseado na coleta e an?lise qu?mica de extrato solubilizado obtido a partir de uma amostra de res?duo puro. Todos os ensaios de resist?ncia mec?nica foram desenvolvidos na condi??o inundada, a fim de minimizar poss?veis influ?ncias de suc??o matricial. A avalia??o do ?ndice de suporte Calif?rnia do solo e das misturas foi feita empregando-se energias de compacta??o normal e modificada. Os ensaios mostraram que houve uma redu??o da resist?ncia m?dia das misturas em compara??o ? resist?ncia do solo puro. Para os ensaios de adensamento, foi observado que a mistura com 5% de adi??o de RPP apresentou uma menor deforma??o do que a amostra de solo puro para mesmos n?veis de tens?o, ao contr?rio das outras misturas que se mostraram mais deform?veis. A mistura de 10% apresentou na prova de carga em placa capacidade de carga inferior a apresentada pela mistura de 5% e pelo solo, com maiores valores de recalques para mesmos valores de tens?o. O efeito de atividade pozol?nica nos resultados foi estudado a partir de ensaios com secagem pr?via de amostras ap?s inunda??o, para que as rea??es ocorressem. Os resultados mostraram que os ensaios realizados com secagem apresentam, em geral, uma ligeira melhora em rela??o a caracter?sticas mec?nicas. Com todos os dados obtidos nesta pesquisa, pode-se dizer que, de forma geral, o res?duo n?o alterou de forma significativa o comportamento mec?nico do solo para teores at? 10% de adi??o. Para valores acima disso, nota-se um pior desempenho mec?nico, por?m dependendo do uso, n?o impede sua aplica??o, tornando todas as misturas estudadas potenciais materiais para execu??o de aterros compactados em obras rodovi?rias. O solo puro e a mistura de 5% compactados na energia modificada podem ainda ser utilizados como material de sub-base em camadas de pavimento. As demais misturas podem ser utilizadas como refor?o de subleito, caso o seu valor de ISC seja superior ao do subleito em quest?o. Em rela??o ao car?ter ambiental da pesquisa, foi observado que para os par?metros estudados, as concentra??es obtidas est?o abaixo dos limites sugeridos pela norma NBR 10004.<br>The solid waste management has become a constant challenge in the modern society as a result of the increase in industrial production. This scenario is also a fact in Brazilian industries, including those producing ceramic materials. The polishing step in the production of porcelain tiles in ceramic industries produces large amounts of a residue consisting of ceramics remains, water and traces of abrasive discs used in the polishing step. This residue corresponds to a white powder of fine grain and variable chemical composition, known as Porcelain Tile Polishing Residue (RPP), and it was collected in a company located in Conde / PB. In this study, blends of a sandy-clayey soil and RPP were evaluated for use in road construction. Different dosages of residue were studied, specifically, 0% (pure soil) 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 40%, added in relation to the dry mass of soil. The materials were evaluated conducting tests to determine Atterberg limits, grain size distribution and specific solid weight. In addition, compaction tests, tests to determine the CBR (California bearing ratio) and oedometer consolidation tests were also carried out. A plate load test was also conducted in the laboratory with the 10% blend. Because of the chemistry of the material, a preliminary study was conducted on the influence of pozzolanic activity on the results. Finally, an environmental analysis was performed based on the collection and chemical analysis of solubilized extract obtained from a sample of pure residue. The mechanical tests were conducted under inundated conditions, in order to reduce the influence of soil suction. The evaluation of the California Bearing Ratio was made using normal and modified proctor energy. The tests showed a reduction of the average resistance of the blends compared to that of the pure soil. For the consolidation tests, it was observed that the blend with 5% of RPP had a smaller deformation than the specimen of pure soil in the same stress values, unlike the others mixtures which were more deformable. The results of the plate load test showed that the 10% blend presented a lower bearing capacity than the pure soil and the 5% blend, with bigger settlements for the same stress values. Considering all the data obtained in this research, it can be said that the residue did not significantly change the mechanical behavior of soil to levels up to 10% of RPP. For higher values, there is a worse mechanical performance. However, depending on the intended use in road construction, this behavior does not preclude the application of mixtures with more than 10% of RPP. In fact, all studied mixtures can be considered as potential materials for road construction. The pure soil and 5% blend compacted using the modified energy can also be used as sub-base material for pavement layers. The other mixtures can be used as subgrade improvement layer, if their CBR value is higher than the subgrade in question. Regarding the chemical analysis of the solubilized extract of the residue, it was observed the concentrations of the studied parameters were below the limits suggested by Brazilian standard NBR 10004.
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Gimeno, Bolaño Josep. "Hidroformilació selectiva d'amides i imides catalitzada per complexos de rodi." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3140.
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En aquest treball s'han abordat tres objectius, tots ells relacionats amb la reacció d'hidroformilació i en la seva aplicació a la síntesi de productes d'alt valor afegit.<br/>El primer dels objectius ha estat la síntesi de tres lligands ditioacetat quirals a partir de l'L-(-)-lactat d'etil i diols bicíclics, que en algun cas incorporaven un centre atropoisomèric, per a ser emprats en la reacció d'hidroformilació enantioselectiva catalitzada per complexos tiolat de rodi o bé en altres reaccions asimètriques. Els ditioacetats han pogut ser preparats però no de forma enantiomèricament pura, ja que s'ha observat una racemització del carboni estereogènic clàssic en la darrera de les cinc etapes previstes per la síntesi d'aquests compostos. En aquesta darrera etapa, la basicitat de l'anió tioacetat usat en la substitució nucleofílica dels productes ditosilats ha estat suficient per abstreure el protó a-carbonilic. No s'han trobat precedents d'una reacció similar amb aquest anió. <br/>El segon objectiu del treball ha estat la hidroformilació diastereoselectiva de tres trans-N-1-propeniltartarimides homoquirals. La ruta emprada per sintetitzar-les consisteix, en primer lloc, en la condensació de l'N-al·lilamina i l'àcid L-(-)-tartàric per obtenir l'N?al·liltartarimida. L'esterificació dels grups OH d'aquesta amb els anhídrids apropiats permet obtenir les N-al·liltartarimides funcionalitzades amb grups CH3COO-, (CH3)3COO- i PhCOO-. Finalment, la isomerització d'aquestes imides permet sintetitzar les trans-N-1-propeniltartarimides. Els precedents bibliogràfics indiquen que la isomerització d'imides és una reacció complicada, ja que sovint requereix quantitats elevades de catalitzador així com condicions de reacció dràstiques. En aquest treball s'han assajat diferents complexos metàl·lics de rodi i de ruteni com a catalitzadors d'isomerització. Els millors resultats s'obtenen utilitzant el complex RuClH(CO)(PPh3)3 (1% molar). S'assoleixen conversions properes al 90% en dues hores de reacció amb una regioselectivitat en l'isòmer trans del 90%. Aquests valors representen els millors resultats reportats fins al moment en aquest tipus de reacció. La hidroformilació de les trans-N-1-propeniltartarimides sintetitzades s'ha dut a terme amb catalitzadors de rodi no quirals amb la intenció d'obtenir els aldehids de manera diastereoselectiva. Els resultats obtinguts indiquen que és la naturalesa del substrat la que controla la formació de l'alquil complex i que l'estructura del catalitzador no influeix, de forma determinant, en la selectivitat. Per altra banda, no s'han observat en cap cas excessos diastereoisomèrics superiors al 10%, fet que indica que els diferents substituents no tenen un efecte clar sobre l'estereoselectivitat de la reacció.<br/>El tercer i darrer objectiu ha estat l'obtenció de l'N-acetil-2-pirrolina a partir de l'N-al·lilacetamida mitjançant la reacció d'hidroformilació. Aquest heterocicle nitrogenat pot usar-se com a buillding-block en la síntesi de diferents molècules amb activitat biològica, especialment alcaloides. La hidroformilació de l'N-al·lilacetamida s'ha portat a terme emprant catalitzadors de rodi i les difosfines Bisbi i Xantphos, i el difosfit tert-butil Biphephos com a co-catalitzadors. Amb el sistema Rh/Xantphos s'obtenen quimio- i regioselectivitats superiors al 90% en l'aldehid lineal o els seus derivats. La ciclació intramolecular del 2-acetamidobutanal, producte majoritari de la reacció d'hidroformilació, i la posterior deshidratació de l'alcohol resultant, permet obtenir l'N-acetil-2-pirrolina a partir de l'N?al·lilacetamida mitjançant un procés one pot amb una excel·lent economia atòmica. S'ha estudiat en profunditat la ciclació i posterior deshidratació. Així s'ha determinat que catalitzadors àcids de tipus Brönsted provoquen l'aparició de productes de doble condensació no desitjats i que el millor catalitzador per aquestes reaccions és el tamís molecular de 3 Å finament polvoritzat i assistit per una destil·lació en continu de l'azeòtrop toluè/aigua. Amb aquest mètode s'ha pogut obtenir el producte desitjat a partir de l'N?al·lilacetamida, CO, H2 i un 0.0002% de Rh amb un rendiment del 41%.<br>Three main goals were set at the beginning of this work, all of them related with the hydroformylation reaction and its application in the synthesis of fine chemicals.<br/>The first goal is the synthesis of three chiral ditioacetate ligands coming from the L?(-)-ethyl lactate and bicyclic diols, that in some cases contain an atropoisomeric centre. These ligands could be used in the enantioselective hydroformylation of olefins catalysed by rhodium complexes or in other asymmetric reactions. The ditioacetates were prepared but not enantiomerically pure, because of the racemization of the "classical" estereogenic centre in the last of the five steps of the synthetic pathway designed. In this last step, the basicity of the tioacetate anion used in the nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding ditosilate intermediates was enough to abstract the a?carbonilic hydrogen. As far as we know, there is no precedent of such a reaction with this anion.<br/>The second goal of this work is the diastereoselective hydroformylation of three homochiral trans-N-1-propenyltartarimides. The synthetic pathway consists, first of all, in the condensation of the N-allylamine and the L-(-)-tartaric acid to obtain the N?allyltartarimide. The esterification of the OH groups of this imide with the suitable anhydrides allows the synthesis of the corresponding N-allyltartarimides functionalised with the CH3COO-, (CH3)3COO- and PhCOO- groups. Finally, the isomerization of these imides leads to the trans-N-1-propenyltartarimides. The literature indicates that imide isomerization is a difficult reaction, usually it requires high levels of catalyst and heavy reaction conditions. In this work a number of rhodium and ruthenium complexes has been tested as catalysts. The best result were found using RuClH(CO)(PPh3)3 (1% molar). It is possible to reach yields up to 90% in two hours of reaction with a regioselectivity in the trans isomer up to 90%. As far as we know that results represent the best ones ever reported in such a reaction. The hydroformylation of the trans-N-1-propenyltartarimides has been done using non-chiral rhodium complexes as catalysts with the aim of obtaining the aldehydes in a diastereoselective way. The results obtained indicate that the nature of the substrate is controlling the alkyl complex formation during hydroformylation and that there is not any effect of the catalyst in the selectivity. Moreover, diastereomeric excess in the aldehydes formation does not exceed 10%, which indicates that there is not a clear effect of the substrate nature in the stereoselectivity of the reaction. <br/>The third and last goal of this work is the synthesis of N-acetyl-2-pyrroline through the hydroformylation of N-allylacetamide. This heterocycle containing nitrogen can be used as building-block for the synthesis of a number of molecules with biological activity, specially alkaloids. The hydroformylation of N-allylacetamide was attempted using rhodium catalysts and diphosphines (Bisbi and Xantphos) or diphosphites (tert-butil Biphephos) as co-catalysts. With the catalytic system Rh/Xantphos, chimio- and regioselectivities exceeding 90% in the linear aldehyde or their derivatives are obtained. 2-acetamidobutanal is the major product of the hydroformylation reaction, it cycles in an intramolecular way to obtain the corresponding alcohol, the dehydration of which leads to the N-acetyl-2-pyrroline in a one-pot process with an excellent atomic economy. The cycle formation and the dehydration reaction of the alcohol has been deeply investigated. It has been found that Brönsted catalysts promote double condensation products formation which are undesirable. After a number of tests the best catalyst for the one-pot reaction referred above is 3 Å molecular sieves finely powdered and assisted by a continuous distillation of the toluene/water azeotrop. According to this method it is possible to obtain N-acetyl-2-pyrroline from N-allylacetamide, CO, H2 and a 0.0002% of rhodium with a global yield of 41%.
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Couto, Daniel Santos do. "Estudo e implementação das metodologias 5S e SMED na RODI." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/7528.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial<br>Actualmente as empresas vivem num ambiente onde a flexibilidade operacional e a rapidez de resposta ao cliente se tornaram factores chave para a sobrevivência de qualquer organização. Períodos de resposta longos e ineficiência nas mudanças de produção não são tolerados. Nos mercados actuais a diversificação dos produtos é cada vez maior, sendo oferecidas maiores possibilidades de escolha aos clientes.
O lean thinking é uma abordagem às práticas de gestão, que orienta a sua acção para a eliminação gradual do desperdício através de procedimentos simples.
O objectivo do presente trabalho não é apenas analisar o processo de setup de uma secção da RODI, mas também, melhorar a sua produtividade, através da aplicação das metodologias 5S e Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED). Pretende-se mostrar que é possível obter importantes ganhos na redução do tempo de setup apenas com recurso a melhorias organizacionais e com recurso a pequenos investimentos. Para isso, apresenta-se um estudo de caso onde se detalham a caracterização da situação inicial e a passagem pelas várias etapas ao longo da implementação da metodologia.
Na parte final do trabalho são quantificados os ganhos e discutem-se os resultados. O trabalho termina com a apresentação das conclusões.<br>Currently companies live in an environment where flexibility and quick responsiveness towards costumers become key factors for their survival. Long periods of unresponsiveness and inefficiency in production changes are not tolerated. In current markets product diversification is increasing, therefore offering wide range of product possibilities to costumers.
Lean thinking is an innovative managerial practice, focusing its actions towards the gradual elimination of waste through simple procedures.
The objective of the current work is not only analyze de setup process of are of RODI’s manufacturing sections, but also, to improve RODI’s productivity, through the application of the 5S and Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) methodologies. We pretend to show that it’s possible to reduce the setup time only with organizational improvement and with small investments. To do that we present a case study where we characterize the initial situation and report the way through the several stages of the methodology.
In the final part of this work we quantify the gains and discuss the results. The work ends with the conclusions presentation.
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Slavica, Denić. ""Rodni identiteti i interkulturalnost: kritička analiza afirmativnih mera na visokoškolskim institucijama u Srbiji: 2000-2013. godine"." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Asocijacija centara za interdisciplinarne i multidisciplinarne studije i istraživanja, 2015. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=91795&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Mere afirmativne akcije u oblasti obrazovanja se u Srbiji primenjuju od 2003. godine i njihov cilj je povećana dostupnost obrazovnih institucija pripadnicima romske nacionalne manjine i olakšani upis u srednje škole, na fakultete i visokoškolskeustanove ĉiji je osnivaĉ Republika Srbija. I ako one jesu deo sistema, nedostaje jasno i sveobuhvatno sistemsko rešenje njihove strukture, sprovoĊenja, praćenja i vrednovanja efikasnosti.Cilj rada je da popišem, sistematizujem i analiziram razliĉite oblike primene afirmativnih mera za upis i studiranje na visokoobrazovnim institucijama u Srbiji i da predloţim mere za poboljšanje istih u praksi. U istraţivanju obrazlaţem potrebu za njihovim detaljnijim ureĊenjem i to tako što se aktualizuju sve karike u lancu afirmativnih mera: poĉevši od mature, pripreme za prijemni ispit, sam prijemni ispit, dobijanja mesta u studentskom domu, finansijskih i motivacionih barijera, pre svega za romske studentkinje kao dvostruko marginalizovane u društvu. Analiza obuhvata i zakone, preporuke i druge dokumente kojima se reguliše primena afirmativnih mera u obrazovanju predstavnika romske populacije kod nas.Polustukturirani upitnik je osnova intervjua sa 80 studenata/kinja romske nacionalnosti koji studiraju na fakultetima i visokim školama na Univerzitetu u Novom Sadu (a upisani su na osnovne, master i doktorske studije), studentima koji su diplomirali u periodu od 2008-2013. godine na fakultetima i visokim školama na Univerzitetu u Novom Sadu, kao i studentima privatnih fakulteta u AP Vojvodini.Ispitujem i rad pedagoških asistenata u osnovnim školama u Vojvodini, koji su kao oblik afirmativne akcije, uvedeni od strane Ministarstva prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja. Polustrukturirani upitnik je osnova intervjua sa 15 pedagoških asistenata u osnovnim školama i predškolskim ustanovama u Vojvodini.Analiziram i rad koordinatora za romska pitanja u lokalnim samoupravama u Vojvodini, koji su kao deo programa za unapreĊenje poloţaja Roma uvedeni 2007. godine. Osnova analize je polustukturirani upitnik sa 13 koordinatora za romska pitanja u AP Vojvodini.Ispitujem i rad zdravstvenih medijatorki koje su uvedene od strane Ministarstva zdravlja Republike Srbije 2008. godine, kao program namenjen unapreĊenju zdravlja romske zajednice. Osnova analize su intervjui sa dve medijatorke, iz Novog Sada i iz opštine Ţabalj.Zakljuĉujem da su u većem broju ukljuĉene Romkinje nego Romi u visoko obrazovanje, kao i u rad institucija i implementaciju programa i projekata koji se sprovode na planu unapreĊenje poloţaja Roma. Zalaganje je da u budućnosti vladajući stavovi u afirmativnim merama vode raĉuna o rodnim i identitetskim (interkulturnim) osobinama romske populacije, pre svega Romkinja.<br>The measures of affirmative actions thein field of education are applied in Serbia since 2003, and their goal is to increase the availability of educational institutions to the Roma national minority and to ease the enrollment in secondary schools, colleges and higher education institutions founded by the Republic of Serbia. Although they are part of the system, it lacks a clear and comprehensive system solution to their structure, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of effectiveness.The aim of this paper is to crawl, systematize and analyze various forms of the implementation of affirmative measures for enrollment and studying in higher education institutions in Serbia and to suggest measures to improve them in practice. In the study, I elaborate the need for their more detailed arrangement in a way that all the links in the chain of affirmative measures would be actualizated: starting from the graduation, preparation for the preliminary examination, enrollment exam, dorm room, financial and motivational barriers, especially for Roma female students who are double marginalized in the society. The analysis includes the laws, recommendations and other documents governing the use of the measures of affirmative action in education for the Roma population in Serbia.Semi-structured questionnaire is based on the interviews with 80 students / activists of Roma ethnicity who study at the faculties and colleges of the University of Novi Sad (and enrolled at the undergraduate, master's and doctoral studies), students who have graduated in the period from 2008 to 2013. at the faculties and colleges at the University of Novi Sad, as well as students private faculties in AP Vojvodina.I am exploring the work of teaching assistants in primary schools in Vojvodina, which are a form of affirmative action, introduced by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development. Semi-structured questionnaire is based on the interviews with 15 teaching assistants in primary schools and kindergartens in.I'm analyzing the work of coordinators for Roma in local governments in Vojvodina, who as part of the program for improving the position of Roma were introduced in 2007. The basis of the analysis of the semi-structured questionnaire with 13 Coordinator for Roma issues in AP Vojvodina. I am exploring the work of health mediators that have been introduced by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia in 2008, as a program aimed at improving the health of the Roma community. The bases of the analysis are the interviews with two mediators from Novi Sad and the municipality Ţabalj.I conclude that the greater number of Roma women are involved in higher education than Roma men, as well as in the work of institutions and the implementation of programs and projects that are implemented in the area of improving the position of Roma. Commitment is that in the future, the dominant positions in to the affirmative measures take account of gender and identity (intercultural) characteristics of the Roma population, especially Roma women.
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Buhk, Niklas [Verfasser], Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Albach, and Rodica [Akademischer Betreuer] Pena. "Die Effekte genetischer Diversität auf Kolonisierung, Verbreitung und Koexistenz zweier Cytotypen des Quellers (Salicornia L.) / Niklas Buhk ; Dirk Albach, Rodica Pena." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1217783253/34.
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Buhk, Niklas [Verfasser], Dirk Carl [Akademischer Betreuer] Albach, and Rodica [Akademischer Betreuer] Pena. "Die Effekte genetischer Diversität auf Kolonisierung, Verbreitung und Koexistenz zweier Cytotypen des Quellers (Salicornia L.) / Niklas Buhk ; Dirk Albach, Rodica Pena." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:715-oops-47499.
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Oller, Asensio Antonio. "Fórmula metatarsal y su valor predictivo en los transtornos de la marcha, La." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2519.
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Esta Tesis Doctoral tiene como finalidad principal estudiar la fórmula metatarsal, de la huella plantar; en el podoscopio, de la pedigrafía, del fotopodograma, la baropodometría y aquellas que se derivan del análisis radiológico dorso plantar en posición bipodal y, finalmente la determinación del ángulo de rodación transmetatarsal.<br/><br/>La presente memoria doctoral se ha centrado en el estudio de los métodos de registro podográfico con el fin de comparar distintos procedimientos. La importancia clínica de este estudio descansa en el hecho de que una buena práctica diagnostica en las primeras etapas de la vida, redundará muy posiblemente en una reducción de problemas clínicos de índole traumatológica en las etapas avanzadas de la vida. En poblaciones como la europea, en que la edad media de la población aumenta de forma continua, la prevención de las lesiones crónicas de cadera, rodilla dígito-metatarsales etc. constituirán posiblemente una de las zonas de acción más importantes de la medicina preventiva. Esta idea viene además reforzada por los criterios de coste económico; particularmente si se tiene en cuenta el valor de las prótesis, y el costo de las hospitalizaciones y la práctica quirúrgica necesarias para asegurar la calidad de vida en una proporción considerable de las personas de edad en las sociedades avanzadas. <br/><br/>La hipótesis que se plantea en este trabajo de investigación consiste en la idea de que la secuencia y empuje de apoyo metatarsal influyen en factores estructurales y funcionales que hacen más complejo el desarrollo del tipo de marcha a nivel individual. Se pueden definir prácticamente tantas representaciones de secuencias en la rodación como individuos se estudien. La fórmula metatarsal y su interrelación con la pelvis y el raquis forma parte de la base de conocimiento de cara a establecer categorías con interés biomecánico y ergonómico. <br/><br/>Fórmula metatarsal:<br/> <br/>Denominamos fórmula metatarsal a un criterio (en realidad no es una fórmula) que nos permite, como hemos indicado anteriormente clasificar todos los pies en tres categorías en función de la longitud del primero y segundo metatarsiano<br/>Index Minus: el primer metatarsiano es más corto que el segundo. En tercero, cuarto y quinto de longitud decreciente<br/>Index Plus Minus: el primer metatarsiano y el segundo son iguales. El tercero, cuarto y quinto de longitud decreciente.<br/>Index Plus: el primer metatarsiano es más largo que el segundo. El tercero, cuarto y quinto de longitud decreciente.<br/><br/>El estudio de la huella plantar ha evolucionado a lo largo de la historia, buscando siempre el establecimiento de parámetros de normalidad mediante el estudio y la somatometría de la impronta plantar. Nosotros hemos incluido en este estudio el ángulo de rodación determinado a través del triángulo de apoyo plantar metatarso-digital. Este ángulo nos informa y ayuda a predecir los eventuales trastornos futuros de la marcha, así como al diagnostico de alteraciones actuales. <br/><br/>Tipómetro gravitatorio y rotacional:<br/><br/>Para ello se ha diseñado un dispositivo mediante un goniómetro gravitatorio y una brújula, este tipómetro se ha construido para este trabajo, para las mediciones de las rotaciones,torsiones,inclinaciones y angulaciones. Mediante este instrumento de diseño original de diseño propio, se midieron los valores de las rotaciones verticales,las horizontales e inclinaciones. <br/><br/>Con este trabajo de investigación se ha pretendido confirmar cómo varía, de un individuo a otro, las distribuciones de las presiones plantares cuando el pie esta en el máximo apoyo plantar y en el máximo apoyo metatarsal, y cómo se distribuyen estas presiones plantares, puesto que pueden condicionar la dinámica de la marcha toda vez que al utilizar diferentes técnicas de medición en una misma persona estos factores suelen variar.
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Şoldănescu, Rodica [Verfasser]. "Studies towards the Synthesis of the Marine Peptide Pheromone Attractin from the Sea Hare Aplysia californica by Native Chemical Ligation / Rodica Şoldănescu." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031845119/34.
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Slobodan, Vasić. "Rodni identiteti u intersekciji sa etniĉkim i religijskim: na primeru istraživanja Banatskih Bugarki u Srbiji, Rumuniji i Bugarskoj." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Asocijacija centara za interdisciplinarne i multidisciplinarne studije i istraživanja, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101386&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U etniĉkoj grupi Banatskih Bugara, u Srbiji,Rumuniji i Bugarskoj, rodni odnosi su predmetkontinuiranih transformacija. Pružajući doprinosprouĉavanjima identiteta ţena iz manjinskihetniĉkih grupa, kao i komparativnom prouĉavanjuetniciteta u zemljama koje dele sliĉne društvenopolitiĉkeokolnosti socijalizma i postsocijalizma,ovo istraživanje ima za cilj da utvrdi na kojenaĉine Banatske Bugarke u razliĉitimdruštvenim kontekstima, oblikuju rodni,etniĉki i religijski identitet. Kako su jezik ireligija dva najznaĉajnija društvena i politiĉkadomena kulturne razlike u modernom svetu, arodni identiteti ne deluju nezavisno, već usadejstvu sa drugim identitetima, intersekcijurodnih identiteta sa etniĉkim i religijskimposmatram sa stanovišta oĉuvanja identitetagrupe. Analizama položaja žena u javnoj sferiživota posvećuje se znaĉajnija pažnja, azanemaruju se rodni odnosi u privatnoj sferiživota, posebno brojĉano malih etniĉkih grupa.Privatna sfera života je, međutim, znaĉajna, jerrodni identiteti u ovoj sferi utiĉu naoblikovanje etniĉkog i religijskog ideniteta i nanjihovu intersekciju. Reĉ je o regionu sarazliĉitim istorijskim iskustvima i tradicijamamultikulturalizma i koji se odlikuje ĉestimpromenama državnih granica. Kontekstualniokvir analize, pored rodnih režima, ĉinepotiskivanje religije u socijalizmu, teafirmacija etniĉkih i religijskih identiteta upostsocijalizmu. Akcenat istraživanja je naženama, ali da bi analiza intersekcije bilacelovita, u ovom etnografskom istraţivanju,zastupljeni su i muškarci. Ukupno je 51 osobau osnovnom uzorku, od ĉega, 31 žena i 20muškarca. Rezultati pokazuju zadržavanjepatrijarhalnih rodnih odnosa u privatnoj sferiživota u seoskim okruženjima, uz izuzetakBugarske, u pojedinim aspektima. Intersekcijeidentiteta se razlikuju u odnosu nakontekstualne karakteristike Srbije, Rumunije i Bugarske i zavise od višestrukih povezanostina relaciji privatna/javna sfera: od mogućnostiupotrebe maternjeg jezika, karakteristikaetniĉki i religijski mešovitih brakova iporodica, te od rodnih razlika u religioznosti.Najveći uticaj na oĉuvanje identiteta imajurodni identiteti žena, jer one socijalizaciju decui prenose etniĉki i religijski identitet u sledećojgeneraciji. Pošto su žene religioznije odmuškaraca u sve tri države, veći stepenreligioznosti je u pozitivnoj korelaciji saoĉuvanjem i etniĉkog i religijskog identiteta, ukontekstu etnifikovane crkve. Ulogemuškaraca u oĉuvanju identiteta, nalaze se ujavnoj sferi života i one su omogućene rodnompodelom rada u privatnoj sferi ţivota. Upostsocijalizmu, u kontekstu desekularizacije iafirmacije jezika i etniĉkog identiteta, muškarcisu zastupljeniji u javnim ulogama, ali se beležipostepena transformacija rodnih odnosa upravcu veće egalitarnosti, posebno u mlađojgeneraciji u uzorku, u urbanom okruženju i kodosoba sa većim stepenom obrazovanja.<br>Gender relations within the ethnic group ofBanat Bulgarians have been a subject oftransformation in Serbia, Romania andBulgaria, both during the socialist as well asduring the post-socialist period. Bycontributing to the study of female identity inminority ethnic groups as well as to thecomparative study of ethnicity in countrieswhich have similar social and politicalcircumstances in light of socialism and postsocialism,this thesis aims at determining themanner in which the Banat Bulgarian womenin different political and social contexts shapeand define their gender, ethnic and religiousidentity. Given the fact that the religion andlanguage are the two most significant socialand political domains in terms of culturaldifferences in the modern world and that thegender identities do not act independently, butrather in conjunction with other identities theintersection of the gender identity and theethnic and religious identity is observed fromthe perspective of fostering and preserving theidentity of the group. While much focus hasbeen put on the analyses regarding the status ofwomen in the public sphere, the genderrelations in the private sphere in smaller ethnicgroups still remain under-researched. Theprivate sphere is very important since thegender identities affect the shaping of theethnic and religious identity and theirintersection. This region has a plethora ofdiverse historical experiences and multiculturaltraditions and is often characterized by changesin state borders. The contextual framework ofthe analyses, in addition to gender regimes,includes suppression of religion as well as theaffirmation of ethnic and religious identities inpost-socialism. Even though the focus of theresearch was women, in order to make acomprehensive analysis of the intersection, thisresearch also included men. The researchincluded 51 interviewees (31 women and 20men). The results indicate a preservation ofpatriarchal gender relations in the privatesphere in rural areas, with the exception ofBulgari, in specific aspects. The identityintersections differ in relation to contextualdifferences between Serbia, Romania andBulgaria and mostly depend on multi-facetedconnections between the private and the publicsphere e.g. the use of the mother tongue,characteristics of ethnically and religiouslymixed marriages and families as well as genderdifferences in religiousness. The female genderidentity has the greatest impact on thepreservation of an identity i.e. the womensocialise their children and carry on theirethnic and religious identity. Since women aremore religious in all three countries, the greaterdegree of religiousness is in positivecorrelation with the preserving of the ethnicand religious identity, in the context of anethnically-specific church. Male rolesregarding the preservation of identity belong tothe public sphere. In post-socialism, in thecontext of de-secularisation, the state enablesand promotes the affirmation of language andethnic identity. Men have more prominentpublic roles, however the transformation ofgender relations slowly shifts towards equalityis noticeable, especially among the youngergenerations in the sample, in urban areas andamong persons with a higher degree ofeducation.
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Lima, Jose Ary Garcia de. "Uma contribui????o para o estudo dos instrumentos da contabilidade gerencial aplicados na gest??o das empresas de transporte rodovi??rio de cargas." FECAP - Faculdade Escola de Com??rcio ??lvares Penteado, 2011. http://132.0.0.61:8080/tede/handle/tede/483.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-25<br>In an essential and highly competitive economical branch as the road transport of loads, the effective administration depends of accurate and timely information to support the decisive process. The experienced verification of the difficulties of those companies in obtaining such information this research was orientated to reach the objective of verifying as the companies of road transport of loads use the instruments of the managerial accounting for the administration of costs, prices and investments. The research was accomplished through a study of multiple cases, in six companies of the branch, located in the State of S??o Paulo, through of semi-structured interviews, starting from the previous verification by questionnaires about the existence of the unit of research, the costing process, pricing and analysis of investments and with the application of previous tests validating the script of interviews used. It was verified that the researched companies know the instruments, however they still are not used in her fullness, mainly in the process of analysis of investments, dependent of the managers' intuition. As for the process of costing of the services, it was observed that the variable costing is the method more used, much more for the intrinsic needs of the business than for a conscious choice together to the conditionality of market of esteeming the costs through the cost-pattern and that the determination of prices by mark-up it is the method more used.<br>Em um ramo econ??mico essencial e altamente competitivo como o transporte rodovi??rio de cargas, a gest??o eficaz depende de informa????es precisas e tempestivas para apoiar o processo decis??rio. Na constata????o experimentada das dificuldades dessas empresas em obter tais informa????es norteou-se esta pesquisa para alcan??ar o objetivo de verificar nas empresas de transporte rodovi??rio de cargas a utiliza????o dos instrumentos da contabilidade gerencial para a gest??o de custos, pre??os e investimentos. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um estudo de m??ltiplos casos em seis empresas do ramo, localizadas no estado de S??o Paulo, atrav??s de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, a partir da verifica????o pr??via por question??rios estruturados sobre a exist??ncia da unidade de pesquisa, o processo de custeio, precifica????o e an??lise de investimentos, posteriormente ?? aplica????o de pr??-testes para validar o roteiro de entrevistas empregado. Constatou-se que as empresas pesquisadas conhecem os instrumentos, por??m, ainda n??o s??o utilizados em sua plenitude, principalmente no processo de an??lise de investimentos, dependente da intui????o dos gestores. Quanto ao processo de custeio dos servi??os, observou-se que o custeio vari??vel ?? o m??todo mais utilizado, muito mais pelas necessidades intr??nsecas do neg??cio do que por uma escolha consciente, juntamente ?? condicionante mercadol??gica de se estimar os custos atrav??s do custo-padr??o e que a precifica????o por mark-up ?? o m??todo mais utilizado.
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Camilotti, Bárbara Maria 1982. "Efeitos da posição sentada em ambiente aquático sobre a variação de estatura / Bárbara Maria Camilotti ; orientadores, Vera Lúcia Israel, André Luiz Félix Rodaki." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_PR, 2008. http://www.biblioteca.pucpr.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1338.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, 2008<br>Bibliografia: f. 54-61<br>Patologias relacionadas à coluna vertebral representam um problema socioeconômico importante, e estão diretamente relacionadas com os hábitos de vida, sobretudo pela permanência na posição sentada de maneira incorreta. Há grande interesse em estudar a sob<br>Pathologies related to the spine represent a major socioeconomic problem, and are directly related to the habits of life, particularly for permanence in the sitting position, frequently kept in an inadequate manner. There is great interest in studying the
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Bernatowicz, Rodica [Verfasser], and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Krauss-Etschmann. "Einfluss des Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing Moleküls N-(3-Oxododecanoyl)-L-Homoserinlactons auf die Funktion humaner Dendritischer Zellen / Rodica Bernatowicz. Betreuer: Susanne Krauss-Etschmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1048361276/34.
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Esquius, i. Calvés Glòria. "Síntesi i caracterització de complexos de Rh(I) i Ru(II) amb lligands amino- i fosfinoalquilpirazole." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3137.
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Els nous lligands 3,5-dimetil-4-(etilamino)metilpirazole (HL1) i 3,5-dimetil-4-(isopropilamino)metilpirazole (HL2), són capaços de coordinar a Rh(I) de forma exodidentada, i formar espècies "zwitterióniques" pirazolat-amoni. Les estructures cristal·lines dels complexos dinuclears [Rh(HL1)(COD)]2Cl2 i [Rh(HL2)(COD)]2Cl2 confirmen que els metalls presenten una geometria pla-quadrada, coordinant-se al lligand COD i a dues molècules de lligand pirazolat pont. Per reacció de complexació dels lligands prèviament desprotonats (L1 i L2) amb Rh(I) s'obtenen els complexos neutres [Rh(L1)(COD)]2 i [Rh(L2)(COD)]2. Tant els complexos iònics com els neutres, reaccionen amb monòxid de carboni per donar els complexos [Rh(HL1)(CO)2]2Cl2, [Rh(HL2)(CO)2]2Cl2, [Rh(L1)(CO)2]2 i [Rh(L2)(CO)2]2. Tots els complexos presenten una solubilitat notable en dissolvents polars i, fins i tot en aigua, mentre que són insolubles en hidrocarburs saturats.1, 2<br/>Tant els lligands 1-aminoalquilpirazole potencialment didentats (NN') com els potencialment tridentats (NN'N), reaccionen amb el dímer [RhCl(COD)]2 per donar lloc a les espècies [Rh2Cl2(L)(COD)2] (L=NN' o NN'N). Les dades de RMN junt amb les de conductivitat són coherents amb l'existència d'un equilibri en solució entre la forma iònica [Rh(L)(COD)]+ [RhCl2(COD)]- i una forma neutra [Rh(COD)Cl][m-(L)][Rh(COD)Cl]. Els espectres de masses d'electroesprai confirmen la presència de les espècies iòniques [Rh(L)(COD)]+[RhCl2(COD)]- en solució.3<br/>Per reacció del lligand bis[(3,5-dimetil-1-pirazolil)metil]etilamina (1) amb [Rh(COD)(THF)2][BF4] s'obté el complex [Rh(COD)(1)][BF4], que per posterior tractament amb CO, es transforma en els complexos [Rh(CO)2(1)][BF4] i [Rh(CO)(1)][BF4]. Tant les dades estructurals obtingudes per difracció de Raigs X, com les de RMN de tots aquests compostos, donen evidència de la flexibilitat del lligand (1) que adapta la seva forma de coordinació k2 o k3 i la seva configuració fac o mer a la situació electrònica i estèrica al voltant de l'àtom de Rh(I).4<br/>La reacció del lligand 1-[(P-difenil)-2-fosfinoetil]-3,5-dimetilpirazole (2) i del lligand anàleg N-N' 1-[(N-etil)-2-aminoetil]-3,5-dimetilpirazole (1) amb [Rh(COD)(THF)2][BF4], dóna lloc als complexos [Rh(COD)(2)][BF4] (4) i [Rh(COD)(1)][BF4] (3). La substitució del lligand COD en els complexos 3 i 4, per CO dóna lloc als complexos [Rh(CO)2(1)][BF4] (5) i [Rh(CO)2(2)][BF4] (6). La reacció del complex [Rh(COD)(THF)2][BF4] en proporció M/L 1/2 amb el lligand 2 N-P dóna lloc al complex [Rh(2)2][BF4] (7) que presenta les dues molècules del lligand en disposició cis en una geometria pla-quadrada entorn del Rh(I). Bombollejant CO en una solució del complex (7), s'obté el complex [Rh(CO)(2)2][BF4] (8) que consisteix en un àtom de Rh(I) amb un entorn pla-quadrat amb els dos àtoms de fòsfor en disposició trans, on un dels lligands 2 està coordinat de forma didentada, mentre que l'altre ho està de forma monodentada.5<br/>El lligand 1-[(P-difenil)-2-fosfinoetil]-3,5-dimetilpirazole (1), desplaça la trifenilfosfina del complex [RuCl2(PPh3)3] per formar els complexos [RuCl2(PPh3)(1)] (2) o [RuCl2(1)2] (3), depenent de si es treballa en proporció M/L 1/1 o 1/2 respectivament. Quan es porta a terme la reacció del complex 2 de 16e- amb acetilens, aquest descomposa. Mentre que quan es porta a terme la mateixa reacció però amb el complex 3 de 18e-, s'obtenen els metal·locumulens [RuCl(1)2(C=C=CPhCH3)][BF4] (4), [RuCl(1)2(C=C=CPh2)][BF4] (5) i [RuCl(1)2(C=CHPh)][PF6] (6). De la resolució de l'estructura cristal·lina per difracció de Raigs X del complex 5, s'obté una cel·la unitat que conté dos enantiòmers.6<br/><br/>1. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Solans, X.; Font-Bardía, M. J. Organomet. Chem. 2000, 605, 226.<br/>2. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Solans, X.; Font-Bardia, M. Acta Cryst. 2002, C58, m133.<br/>3. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 2001, 619, 14.<br/>4. Mathieu, R.; Esquius, G.; Lugan, N.; Pons, J.; Ros, J. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 2683.<br/>5. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Mathieu, R.; Donnadieu, B.; Lugan, N. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2002, a la impremta.<br/>6. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Mathieu, R.; Donnadieu, B.; Lugan, N. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. En preparació.<br>The new ligands 3,5-dimethyl-4-(ethylamino)methylpyrazole (HL1) and 3,5-dimetil-4-(isopropylamino)methylpyrazole (HL2), are able to coordinate to Rh(I) in a exodidentate mode, and to form "zwitterionic" species pyrazolate-ammonium. The crystal structures of dinuclear complexes [Rh(HL1)(COD)]2Cl2 and [Rh(HL2)(COD)]2Cl2 confirm the square-planar geometry of Rh(I) atoms, which are coordinated to a chelated COD ligand and to two pyrazolate ligands. The reaction of the ligands previously deprotonated (L1 and L2) with Rh(I) results in neutral complexes [Rh(L1)(COD)]2 and [Rh(L2)(COD)]2. The ionic complexes as well as the neutral ones, react with carbon monoxide to give the complexes [Rh(HL1)(CO)2]2Cl2, [Rh(HL2)(CO)2]2Cl2, [Rh(L1)(CO)2]2 and [Rh(L2)(CO)2]2. All the complexes synthesized are soluble in polar solvents such as water but insoluble in saturate hidrocarbons.1, 2<br/>New didentate (NN') and tridentate (NN'N) 1-aminoalkylpyrazoles react with [RhCl(COD)]2 to give [Rh2Cl2(L)(COD)2] (L=NN' or NN'N) complexes. The NMR spectra and molar conductances of these complexes suggested the presence of an equilibrium in solution between 1:1 electrolyte species [Rh(L)(COD)]+ [RhCl2(COD)]- and a neutral molecular form [Rh(COD)Cl][m-(L)][Rh(COD)Cl]. Electrospray mass spectrometry study confirmed the presence of ionic species [Rh(L)(COD)]+[RhCl2(COD)]-.3<br/>The reaction of bis[(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)methyl]ethylamine (1) ligand with [Rh(COD)(THF)2][BF4] results in [Rh(COD)(1)][BF4] complex, which was treated with CO to obtain [Rh(CO)2(1)][BF4] and [Rh(CO)(1)][BF4] complexes. The NMR spectra and the structures of these complexes reveal that 1 is a very flexible ligand which adapts its bonding mode (k2 or k3) and its configuration (fac or mer) to various electronic and steric situations around Rh(I).4<br/>The reaction of 1-[(P-diphenyl)-2-phosphinoethyl]-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (2) and the related N-N' didentade ligand 1-[(N-ethyl)-2-aminoethyl]-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (1) with [Rh(COD)(THF)2][BF4], leads to the complexes [Rh(COD)(2)][BF4] (4) and [Rh(COD)(1)][BF4] (3). The 1,5-COD ligand in complexes 3 and 4 can easily be displaced by carbon monoxide leading to the complexes [Rh(CO)2(1)][BF4] (5) and [Rh(CO)2(2)][BF4] (6). The reaction of two equivalents of 2 with complex [Rh(COD)(THF)2][BF4] leads to [Rh(2)2][BF4] (7) in which the two molecules of 2 ligand are in cis position. Complex (7) reacts with CO to give complex [Rh(CO)(2)2][BF4] (8) which presents a square-planar structure with the two phosphorus atoms in trans position and only one of the two ligands 2 is k2 coordinated, the second one being k1 coordinated by the phosphorus atom to rhodium.5<br/>The didentate ligand 1-[(P-diphenyl)-2-phosphinoethyl]-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (1) forms, depending on the stoichiometry of reactants, the [RuCl2(PPh3)(1)] (2) or [RuCl2(1)2] (3) complexes by reaction with [RuCl2(PPh3)3]. Complex 2 decomposes by reaction with acetylene derivates. Reaction of complex 3 with terminal alkynes leads to the formation of new cationic metallacumulenes: [RuCl(1)2(C=C=CPhCH3)][BF4] (4), [RuCl(1)2(C=C=CPh2)][BF4] (5) and [RuCl(1)2(C=CHPh)][PF6] (6). The crystal structure of complex 5 consists of two independent ion pairs per unit cell, whose cation corresponds to two enantiomers.6<br/><br/>1. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Solans, X.; Font-Bardía, M. J. Organomet. Chem. 2000, 605, 226.<br/>2. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Solans, X.; Font-Bardia, M. Acta Cryst. 2002, C58, m133.<br/>3. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 2001, 619, 14.<br/>4. Mathieu, R.; Esquius, G.; Lugan, N.; Pons, J.; Ros, J. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 2683.<br/>5. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Mathieu, R.; Donnadieu, B.; Lugan, N. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2002, in press.<br/>6. Esquius, G.; Pons, J.; Yáñez, R.; Ros, J.; Mathieu, R.; Donnadieu, B.; Lugan, N. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. In preparation.
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Soares, Ivailton. "Forma??o de pre?o como estrat?gia empresarial : Caso do Setor de Transporte Rodovi?rio de Carga no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, RJ." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/947.
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Previous issue date: 2007-08-21<br>The general objective in this research consists of evaluating the price formation as management
strategy. Some specific objectives are formulated to proceed: to revise models of the Theories
Microeconomics about prices; to appointer costing approaches and of formation of prices; to
analyze the existent correlation among the points of the means intern's convergences and
external; and to formulate alternative strategies about the price formation. In this study the
following research types are combined: descriptive, explanatory and of field. With relationship to
the methods, they are articulate the following ones: observe and microeconomics. How many the
techniques of field research were close to applied interviews 3 (three) companies and to an
autonomous professional. It is supposed that the price formation is a tool or management strategy
that it combines some aspects, such as: costs, costing systems and analysis of the market
structure. In the chapter II the main contents of the theory were revised about market structures
and price formation. Through the field research it was verified that the actions or decisions are
based on management strategies and they reveal those aspects with the strategic positioning
before the customer, of the competitor, of the market and of the economy for the price formation.
To confirm that the supposition, presented in the beginning of the work, is true considering that
the price formation is a tool or management strategy.<br>O objetivo geral nesta pesquisa consiste em avaliar a forma??o de pre?o como estrat?gia
empresarial. Alguns objetivos espec?ficos s?o formulados a seguir : revisar modelos da Teoria
Microecon?mica sobre pre?os; apontar crit?rios de custeio e de forma??o de pre?os; analisar a
correla??o existente entre os pontos de converg?ncias dos meios interno e externo; e formular
estrat?gias alternativas sobre a forma??o de pre?o. Neste estudo s?o combinados os seguintes
tipos de pesquisa : descritiva, explicativa e de campo. Quanto aos m?todos, s?o articulados os
seguintes : observacional e microecon?mico . Quantos as t?cnicas de pesquisa de campo foram
aplicadas entrevistas junto a 3 (tr?s) empresas e a um profissional aut?nomo. Sup?e-se que a
forma??o de pre?o ? uma ferramenta ou estrat?gia empresarial que combina aspectos, tais como :
custos, sistemas de custeio e an?lise da estrutura de mercado. No cap?tulo II foram revisados os
principais conte?dos da teoria sobre estruturas de mercado e forma??o de pre?o. Atrav?s da
pesquisa de campo foi constatado que as a??es ou decis?es est?o baseadas em estrat?gias
empresariais e revelam esses aspectos com o posicionamento estrat?gico diante do cliente, do
concorrente, do mercado e da economia para a forma??o de pre?o. Confirmar-se que a suposi??o,
apresentada no in?cio do trabalho, ? verdadeira considerando que a forma??o de pre?o ? uma
ferramenta ou estrat?gia empresarial.
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Silva, Fabiano Oliveira da. "An?lise estrat?gica de uma empresa do transporte rodovi?rio de cargas brasileiro: um estudo sob a perspectiva da estrat?gia como pr?tica." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2012. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5639.
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-19<br>This dissertation presents a strategic analysis of a Brazilian company of truckload transport - Expresso Jundia?, from the perspective of strategy as practice, an approach that has gained importance in the field of strategy research. The main objective is to analyze the strategic relationships in the company studied, from the interaction between micro activities performed by managers of this organization, effective strategies and their organizational structures. For this, was performed a qualitative research outlined as a case study. Regarding the data analyzed, these were collected by three different techniques: documentary analysis, non-participant observation and semi structured interviews. The data analysis consisted first in a reduction processes, followed by display, and conclusion about data. Then, were proposed a theoretical model to analyze the company studied, based on statements of the main writers of the theoretical basis selected. In conclusion, the analysis from the theoretical model, allowed to identify and analyze strategic micro activities performed by managers, who rely on organizational structures for the interaction with the effective strategies of the organization studied, and it was possible to identify the relationship between these factors under analysis. By this way, the main contribution of this work was the application of empirical studies of a new approach in strategy.<br>A presente disserta??o prop?e a an?lise estrat?gica de uma empresa do transporte rodovi?rio de cargas brasileiro o Expresso Jundia?, sob a perspectiva da estrat?gia como pr?tica, uma abordagem que vem ganhando espa?o no campo dos estudos sobre estrat?gia. O principal objetivo ? analisar a rela??es estrat?gicas da empresa estudada, a partir da intera??o entre as microatividades desempenhadas pelos gestores desta organiza??o, as estrat?gias efetivas e suas estruturas organizacionais. Para isto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, delineada sob a forma de estudo de caso. Em rela??o aos dados analisados, estes foram coletados atrav?s de tr?s diferentes t?cnicas ? saber: an?lise documental, observa??o n?o participante e entrevista semiestruturada. A an?lise dos dados coletados compreendeu primeiramente, os processos de redu??o, exibi??o e conclus?o. Em seguida, foi proposto um modelo te?rico para an?lise da empresa estudada, baseado em afirma??es dos principais autores da base te?rica selecionada. Em conclus?o, as an?lises realizadas, a partir do modelo te?rico proposto, permitiram identificar e analisar as microatividades estrat?gicas desempenhadas pelos gestores, que se valem de estruturas organizacionais, para a intera??o com as estrat?gias efetivas da organiza??o estudada, bem como, foi poss?vel a identifica??o das rela??es existentes entre estes fatores de an?lise. Com base nisto, a principal contribui??o do presente trabalho, foi a aplica??o emp?rica de uma nova abordagem dos estudos em estrat?gia.
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Fernandes, Diogo Robson Monte. "Algoritmos de otimiza??o para decis?es de localiza??o de facilidades e distribui??o em sistemas multin?veis de transporte rodovi?rio de carga." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15066.
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Previous issue date: 2012-07-05<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>O aumento do tr?fego urbano e a exig?ncia de maior efici?ncia das cadeias de suprimentos estimulam a busca por solu??es log?sticas capazes de possibilitar o atendimento dessas exig?ncias minimizando custos operacionais e reduzindo o tr?fego de ve?culos pesados para distribui??o nos grandes centros. A presente disserta??o visa a fornecer algoritmos de otimiza??o para o problema de localiza??o capacitado que consiste em selecionar os locais de instala??o de f?bricas e sat?lites de forma a minimizar os custos de um sistema multin?vel de transporte de carga. O algoritmo desenvolvido ser? validado por meio de experimentos realizados com inst?ncias geradas aleatoriamente, simulando cen?rios reais de distribui??o. Tais experimentos mostram a efici?ncia computacional dos m?todos heur?sticos desenvolvidos, sendo seu desempenho superior ao do solver CPLEX (ILOG) em redes de distribui??o com maior grau de complexidade
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Ruiz, Morillas Nuria. "Complexos de rodi amb lligands nitrigen i sofre dadors. Estudi de l-activitat catalitica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8976.
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Polo, Ortiz Alfonso. "Estudio de la reacción de hidroformilación de sustratos orgánicos con catalizadores de rodio (I)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1074.
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En esta memoria se presenta un estudio de la reacción de hidroformilación con complejos de rodio(I), que constituye el primer trabajo sobre hídroformilación que se lleva a cabo en el Departamento de Química de esta Facultad.<br/><br/>Se ha estudiado el sistema [Rb(mi)S(CH(2))3NMe(2)(COD)]2/n PR3 en la hidroformilación de 1-hexeno, incluido la influencia de la naturaleza y del exceso de ligando auxiliar. Así mismo, se ha investigado la reacción de hidroformilación de dihidropiranos y dihidrofuranos como modelos para la posterior hidroformilación de glicales. La utilización de ligandos auxiliares voluminosos y el estudio del efecto de las diferentes condiciones de reacción ha permitido obtener resultados satisfactorios en cuanto a conversiones y selectividades.<br><i>Hydroformylation of complex molecules using organometallic catalysts is a field of increasing interest. Since rhodium is more active than cobalt, the reaction parameters can be widely varied, thus allowing better control of the reaction.<br/><br/>We have developed a new type of catalyst precursors by addition of different molar ratios of phosphorus ligands to the dimeric complex [Rb(mi)S(CH(2))3NMe(2)(COD)]2/n(1). These systems catalyse the hydroformylation of hex-I-ene to give heptanal in goog yield and selectivity. Owing to the presence of the amine group the rhodium catalyst can be quantitatively recovered as [Rb(mi)S(CH(2))3NMe(2)(COD)]2/n (SO(4)).<br/><br/>We also report on the hydroformylation of enol eters, such dibydrofurans, dihydropyrans and glycals, using the rhodium precursor (1) and PR3. The influence of the reaction conditions, the nature and the amount of PR3 on the conversion and the quimio, regio and stereoselectivity of the reaction has also been studied.<br/><br/>Dihydrofurans are completly hydroformylated under mild conditions, and fine tuning of reaction conditions allows the control of the regioselectivity.<br/><br/>Dihydropyrans require more drastic conditions than dihydrofurans and only important yields are obtained when a bulky auxiliary Iigand was used.<br/><br/>Glycals can be also hydroformylated to aldehydes with good yields, regio and stereoselectivities using bulky auxiliary ligands. The regioselectivity observed well determinated by the highly polarized double bond and the stereoseleclivity by steric shieldings, yielding branched sugars in the C-2 with the formyl group on the more stericaly open face of the molecule. </i>
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Coll, Serrahima Mª Mercè. "Sugar-based ligand libraries for asymmetric reductions and c-c bond forming reactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/65638.
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Un dels principals mètodes per a sintetitzar productes enantiomericament purs és la catàlisi asimètrica utilitzant compostos organometàl•lics quirals. En aquesta estrategia, el disseny i preparació de lligands quirals és molt important. En aquest context, nosaltres hem desenvolupat nous lligands quirals per diverses reaccions de catàlisi asimètrica.
Concretament ens hem centrat en:
(a) L’aplicació d’una llibreria de lligands fosfit-fosforoamidit i difosforoamidit derivats de carbohidrats en la hidrogenació de olefines proquirals. Aquests lligands han donat excel•lents enantioselectivitats (up to >99% ee).
(b) L’aplicació de les llibreries de lligands tioèter-fosfit, tioèter-fosfinit i tioèter-fosforoamidit derivats de carbohydrats en la hidrogenació catalitzada per iridi de olefins no funcionalitzades i en reaccions de substitució al•lílica catalitzada per paladi. Els resultats obtinguts en hidrogenació competeixen favorablement amb els millors resultats publicats prèviament.
(c) L’aplicació de llibreries de lligands pseudo-dipèptids i tioamides derivats de carbohidrats en transferència d’hidrogen de cetones. Els resultats obtinguts, novament competeixen favorablement amb els publicats anteriorment obtenint excel•lents enantioselectivitats (up to 99%) per un ampli rang de substrats.<br>One of the main methods for producing enantiomerically pure compounds is metal asymmetric catalysis. An important step in this strategy is the design and preparation of chiral ligands. In this context, we have developed new chiral ligands for several important asymmetric catalytic reactions.
Specifically we have focused on:
(a) The application of a furanoside phosphite-phosphoroamidite and diphosphoroamidite ligand library in the hydrogenation of prochiral olefins. These ligands have provided excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee).
(b) The application of furanoside thioether-phosphite, thioether-phosphinite and thioether-phosphoroamidite ligand libraries in the challenging Ir-catalyzed hydrogenation of unfunctionalized olefins and in Pd-allylic substitution reactions. The results in hydrogenation compete favourable with the best ones previously reported.
(c) The application of carbohydrate-based pseudo-dipeptide and thioamide ligand libraries in transfer hydrogenation of ketones. The results again compete favourable with the best one previously reported. Unprecedent enzyme-like behaviour has been obtained, providing ee’s up to 99% for a wide range of substrates.
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Rodeck, Jens [Verfasser], Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Verleger, and Jan Philipp [Akademischer Betreuer] Klein. "Lernen im Schlaf? : Die Änderung einer visuo-motorischen Fähigkeit zwischen dem Ende des Übens und dem erneuten Ausführen nach einer Zeit des Nichtstuns / Jens Rodeck ; Akademische Betreuer: Rolf Verleger, Jan Philipp Klein." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1214913687/34.
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Trevizoli, Jos?? Carlos. "Estudo da percep????o dos usu??rios dos m??dulos cont??bil e fiscal de um sistema ERP voltado para as empresas do setor de transporte rodovi??rio de cargas e passageiros." FECAP - Faculdade Escola de Com??rcio ??lvares Penteado, 2006. http://132.0.0.61:8080/tede/handle/tede/452.
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Previous issue date: 2006-08-31<br>This research looked for to study and to evaluate the perception of the users of the modules of accounting and tax bookkeeping of an integrated system ERP - Enterprise Resources Planning. The system was developed to take care of the necessities of the companies of the sector of road transport of passengers and loads. The evaluated perception is on the impacts of the implantation and use of system ERP. The study was carried through in the first Semester of 2006 and combined the empiric research to identify excellent aspects of the current reality of the users of the integrated system, bibliographical rewiew, as well as field research using the questionnaire with 30 assertive ones, answered for the users of integrated system, customers of one softwarehouse. In the research, they had been elaborated: descriptive analysis, analysis of clusters and comparative analysis between clusters which they had better searched to know the current reality of the users of the modules of accounting and tax bookkeeping of the system integrated in study. The analyses had allowed to demonstrate as the searched citizens perceive the importance and the easinesses allowed with the use of the system, make possible the 03 identification Clusters (Optimistical, Realistic and pessimistic), and had indicated points that can be improved in the development of the system.<br>Esta pesquisa procurou estudar e avaliar a percep????o dos usu??rios dos m??dulos de contabilidade e escritura????o fiscal de um sistema integrado ERP - Enterprise Resources Planning. O sistema foi desenvolvido para o atender as necessidades das empresas do setor de transporte rodovi??rio de passageiros e de cargas. A percep????o avaliada ?? sobre os impactos da implanta????o e utiliza????o do sistema ERP. Trata-se de um estudo realizado no 1?? semestre de 2006 e reuniu a pesquisa emp??rica para identificar aspectos relevantes da realidade atual dos usu??rios do sistema integrado, revis??o bibliogr??fica, bem como pesquisa de campo por meio de question??rio com 30 assertivas, respondidas por 37 usu??rios do sistema integrado, clientes de uma softwarehouse. Na pesquisa, foram elaboradas: an??lise descritiva, an??lise de clusters e an??lise comparativa entre os clusters as quais buscaram melhor conhecer a realidade atual dos usu??rios dos m??dulos de contabilidade e de escrita fiscal do sistema integrado em estudo. As an??lises permitiram demonstrar como os sujeitos pesquisados percebem a import??ncia e as facilidades permitidas com o uso do sistema, possibilitaram a identifica????o de 03 Clusters (Otimistas, Realistas e Pessimistas), e indicaram pontos que podem ser melhorados no desenvolvimento do sistema
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Silva, Joamir Henrique da. "Influ?ncia da adi??o de s?lica ativa sobre a resist?ncia mec?nica e a tenacidade ? fratura de concretos de cimento portland para utiliza??o em pavimentos r?gidos rodovi?rios." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIA E ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21471.
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-31<br>O concreto ? um material comp?sito de matriz cer?mica e refor?o tamb?m cer?mico, que se caracteriza por apresentar o chamado comportamento mec?nico quase fr?gil. Suas propriedades s?o determinadas pela sua microestrutura, que pode ser controlada pela rela??o ?gua/cimento, tamanhos dos agregados, pela adi??o de modificadores, como a s?lica ativa, entre outros. Do ponto de vista do comportamento mec?nico, o concreto ? relativamente pouco estudado em rela??o ? tenacidade ? fratura. Neste trabalho ? estudada a rela??o entre a adi??o de diferentes teores de s?lica ativa e o comportamento mec?nico (resist?ncia ? compress?o axial e resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o) e a tenacidade ? fratura - utilizando corpos de prova do tipo ?short-rod?, com entalhe Chevron (KICV) - de concreto aplicado em pavimentos rodovi?rios r?gidos. Para tanto, foi produzido um total de 150 corpos de prova, sendo 45 cilindros de 15 x 30 cm, nos ensaios de compress?o axial; 45 prismas de 15 x 15 x 50 cm, nos ensaios de tra??o na flex?o; 45 do tipo ?short-rod? para a determina??o do KICV, a partir de um tra?o base (0%) e adi??es de 3, 6, 9 e 12% de adi??o de s?lica ativa, em rel??o ? massa de cimento. Os ensaios mec?nicos foram realizados aos 7 e aos 28 dias de idade. Al?m disso, as diferentes composi??es foram avaliadas do ponto de vista das respectivas massas espec?ficas, ?ndice de absor??o e ?ndice de vazios, sendo, para tanto, moldados 15 cilindros de 15 x 30cm para os ensaios de massa espec?fica, absor??o e ?ndice de vazios. Em rela??o ? prepara??o das amostras, verifica-se que a adi??o de s?lica ativa provocou uma queda no abatimento do concreto, revelando uma redu??o na consist?ncia do material, o que requereu um aumento na rela??o ?gua/cimento, para manter este abatimento constante. Em rela??o ? estrutrura do concreto, verifica-se um aumento na massa espec?fica, seguida de uma redu??o no ?ndice de absor??o e no ?ndice de vazios, com o incremento dos percentuais de s?lica ativa. Em rela??o ao comportamento mec?nico, verifica-se que a resist?ncia ? compress?o axial e a resist?ncia ? tra??o na flex?o apresentaram tend?ncia de crescimento com o aumento do percental de s?lica ativa, tanto para as amostras com 7 e 28 dias de idade. No caso das amostras ensaiadas com 28 dias de idade, em ambas as situa??es, todos os resultados m?nimos obtidos atenderam ?s especifica??es t?cnicas m?nimas exigidas para a aplica??o em pavimentos r?gidos. Em rela??o ? tenacidade ? fratura, verifica-se valores coerentes com aqueles mostrados pela literatura e, a exemplo da resist?ncia mec?nica, verifica-se tamb?m uma tend?ncia de crescimento dos valores obtidos, ? medida que se aumenta os teores de s?lica. A melhoria incremental do comportamento mec?nioc, tenacidade ? fratura e das propriedades f?sicas do concreto est? associados aos efeitos f?sicos e qu?micos da s?lica ativa, respons?vel pela redu??o de poros e pelo aumento da resist?ncia na interface argamassa/aglomerado.<br>The concrete is a ceramic matrix reinforced with ceramic aggregate compound type,
characterized by a quasi-brittle mechanical behavior. Its physical and mechanical properties
are established by its microstructure, controlled by the water/cement ratio, aggregate size and
shape, by the use of modifiers like silica fume, etc. The literature show improvements in the
mechanical strength, durability and density of cement portland concretes modified with silica
fume. The rigid road pavements is shortly used in Brazil, which demand the enlargement of
the research and development field associated with it, including materials, processing and
physics and mechanics properties. In this work is studied the relationship between the
addition of different amounts of silica fume (a mixture basis, with 0%, and additions of 3, 6, 9
and 12%, relative to the cement mass) and mechanical strength (resistance to axial
compression, fc, and tensile strength in bending, fct) and fracture toughness - using specimens
of type "short-rod" with Chevron notch, calculated from the maximum load (KICVM), and
physical properties (specific gravity , absorption index and void index) of portland cement
concrete applied in road rigid pavements. The chemical composition of gross materials, the
concrete phases and microstructure are analyzed using the XRF, XRD and SEM techniques.
The mechanical tests were performed at 7 and 28 days of concrete age. The slump test value
was defined by technologic demand of the road operational execution as fixed value of 50 +/-
10 mm, obtained by initial value of water/cement ratio equal to 0,47, which suffer a small
change caused by the increasing in the silica fume content that decrease the specified concrete
slum test value. The growth of the silica fume content caused a decrease in the values of
absorption index (a reduction in the porous volume), flexural tensile strength, and axial
compressive strength and in the values of the fracture toughness. Moreover, in all of the
concrete types, the minimum values of fctMk surpass the technical value required by rigid
pavements (fctMk ? 4,5 MPa) and the fracture toughness values were coherent with the
literatures data. These improving in the mechanical behavior and in the physical properties of
the concretes are associated to physical and chemical effects promoted by silica addition in
the concrete structure, characterized by a pores volume reduction and by a strengthening of
matrix/aggregate interface, as demonstrated by SEM fractography analysis of the different
concretes. A preliminary production cost of concretes analysis, based on the simplified
Westergaard Theory to design a single plate of concrete, appointed out the economic viability
of the use of silica fume as a modifier of concrete of portland cement, up to certain levels, in
the construction of road rigid pavements in the State of Rio Grande do Norte / Brazil.
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Llop, Castelbou Jessica. "Rhodium nanoparticles stabilised by phosphorus based ligands. Synthesis, characterisation and application in selective hydrogenations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/471453.
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Aquesta tesi descriu la síntesi i caracterització de nanopartícules de rodi estabilitzades per dues famílies de lligands fosfina i fosfit. L’efecte de la naturalesa, la quantitat i les propietats estèriques i electròniques d’aquests agents estabilitzants es van evaluar sobre l’estructura i els rendiments catalítics de les NPs resultants.
La seva estructura es va investigar utilitzant tècniques de caracterització com ara el TEM, la HRTEM, la difracció de raigs X, el XPS i el TGA i l’estudi de la superfície es va completar per mitjà de l’adsorció de CO en correlació amb l’espectroscòpia d’IR.
Aquestes nanopartícules solubles son catalitzadors actius en la hidrogenació selectiva d’arens i cetones aromàtiques. En la hidrogenació d’arens disubstituïts, d’estirè, toluè i benzè, es van obtenir activitats altes per catalitzadors fosfina mentre que quantitats significatives de productes parcialment hidrogenats es van obtenir utilitzant nanopartícules cobertes de fosfit. Aquests catalitzadors també eren actius en la hidrogenació de cetones aromàtiques, i els resultats obtinguts amb la NPs Rh1 i Rh4 estabilitzada per PPh3 i dppb, respectivament, es van comparar amb els sistemes de ruteni anàlegs. Per a alguns dels substrats, es va aconseguir selectivitat alta per a la hidrogenació d’un anell aromàtic sobre el grup ceto.
L’ultima part d’aquesta tesi descriu l’estudi preliminar sobre l’anclatge de les nanopartícules de rodi sobre una sílica modificada utilitzant dos aproximacions diferents: en primer lloc, sintetitzant les NPs in situ de en presència del suport, es va comparar amb el segon mètode que va incloure l’anclatge de les NPs pre-sintetitzades.<br>En esta tesis se describe la síntesis y caracterización de nanopartículas de rodio estabilizadas a través de dos familias de ligandos: fosfinas y fosfitos. Factores como la naturaleza, la cantidad y las propiedades estéreo-electrónicas de los ligandos estabilizadores empleados se han estudiado, tanto a la estructura de las nanopartículas resultantes como a como a su actividad catalítica.
Se han utilizando distintas técnicas de caracterización TEM, HRTEM, XRD, XPS, TGA el análisis de la superfície se completó con un estudio de interacción/coordinación de CO mediante espectroscopia de IR.
En este trabajo se ha evaluado la actividad catalítica de dichas nanopartículas en reacciones de hidrogenación selectiva de arenos y cetonas aromáticas. En concreto, los sistemas catalíticos estabilizados con ligandos de tipo fosfina mostraron una gran actividad catalítica en la hidrogenación de arenos disustituídos, estireno, tolueno y benceno. En contraste, el empleo de ligandos estabilizadores de naturaleza fosfito dio lugar a la obtención de cantidades significativas de productos de hidrogenación parcial. También se ha estudiado la actividad catalítica de los nuevos sistemas catalíticos preparados en la reacción de hidrogenación de cetonas aromáticas. Los resultados obtenidos en este tipo de transformaciones empleando nanopartículas de Rh1 (estabilizadas por trifenilfosfina (PPh3)) y Rh4 (estabilizadas por difenilfosfinobutano (dppb)) se compararon consistemas análogos de rutenio. En algunos casos se ha observado una llamativa quimioselectividad en el proceso favoreciéndose la hidrogenación del anillo aromático frente a la reducción del grupo funcional cetona del sustrato.
El último capítulo describe un estudio preliminar del anclaje de nanopartículas de rodio en una superficie de sílice previamente modificada.<br>This thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of rhodium nanoparticles stabilised by two families of phosphine and phosphite ligands. The effect of the nature, the amount and the steric and electronic properties of these stabilising agents were evaluated on the structure and the catalytic performances of the resulting NPs.
Their structure was investigated using characterisation techniques such as TEM, HRTEM, XRD, XPS, TGA and their surface study was completed by a study of CO adsorption in correlation with IR spectroscopy.
These soluble nanoparticles were active catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of arenes and aromatic ketones. In the hydrogenation of disubstituted arenes, styrene, toluene and benzene, high activities were obtained for phosphine stabilised catalysts while significant amounts of partially hydrogenated products were achieved using phosphite-covered nanoparticles. These catalysts were also active in the hydrogenation of aromatic ketones, and the results obtained with the NPs Rh1 and Rh4 stabilised by PPh3 and dppb, respectively, were compared to the analogous ruthenium systems. For some of the substrates, high selectivity for the hydrogenation of aromatic ring over keto group hydrogenation was achieved.
The last part of this thesis describes a preliminary study on the anchoring of the rhodium nanoparticles onto a modified silica using two different approaches: first, an in situ synthesis of the NPs in presence of the support was tested and compared with the second method that included the anchoring of pre-synthesised NPs.
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Ryndin, Andrej [Verfasser], Thorsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckers, Thorsten [Gutachter] Beckers, Christian von [Gutachter] Hirschhausen, and Michael [Gutachter] Rodi. "Transparenz bei ÖPP im Infrastrukturbereich : eine institutionenökonomische Analyse / Andrej Ryndin ; Gutachter: Thorsten Beckers, Christian von Hirschhausen, Michael Rodi ; Betreuer: Thorsten Beckers." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1231908424/34.
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Olsson, Emma. "Förpackningens betydelse – konsten att kommunicera med konsumenten vid e-handel." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22939.
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Uppsatsen undersöker hur tre förpackningar som används vid e-handel kommunicerar företags varumärken. Detta undersöks genom en semiotisk analys och en komparativ analys av den visuella kommunikation och varumärkesbyggande som företagens förpackningar förmedlar. Materialet som analyseras är tre barnkläders förpackningar från Kenzo, Mini Rodini och Lindex. Samtliga företag i studien använder förpackningen för att kommunicera sitt varumärke till konsumenten. Effekten av kommunikationen och kundupplevelsen skiljer sig däremot åt. Jämförelsen visar att en upplevd samstämmighet mellan grafiska element och varumärkets identitet har betydelse för hur effektivt varumärket kommuniceras. Förpackningen har fått en ny betydelse i dagens digitaliserade samhälle där allt fler köp sker via internet och produkten förpackas och skickas till kunden. Det är därför av betydelse att förpackningens roll för kommunikation och varumärkets positionering inte bara diskuteras i förhållande till traditionella köpsituationer i butik, utan även i förhållande till e-handeln.
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Weber, Alexander [Verfasser], Thorsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Beckers, Thorsten [Gutachter] Beckers, Christian von [Gutachter] Hirschhausen, and Michael [Gutachter] Rodi. "Eine institutionenökonomische Analyse der Bedarfsplanung der Stromübertragungsnetze unter Berücksichtigung der Interdependenzen zur Erzeugungsplanung / Alexander Weber ; Gutachter: Thorsten Beckers, Christian von Hirschhausen, Michael Rodi ; Betreuer: Thorsten Beckers." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/115627186X/34.
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Giménez, Pedrós Marta. "Towards green chemistry: alternative solvents for catalysed carbonylation reactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9076.
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L'objectiu d'aquest treball ha estat l'estudi de l'ús de dissolvents alternatius no tòxics, com l'aigua i el diòxid de carboni supercrític, en les reaccions catalitzades d'hidroformilació i copolimerització. En el capítol 3 s'estudia la hidroformilació de 1-octè i 1-decè en medi aquós utilitzant catalitzadors de rodi associats a les difosfines sulfonades dpppts i dppbts. Per tal d'augmentar la solubilitat d'aquestes olefines en l'aigua es van utilitzar diferents estratègies com l'ús de co-solvents, tensioactius i una macromolècula dendrimèrica, com a agents de transferència de fase. L'addició del tensioactius aniònics al sistema augmenta la conversió del sistema en ambdós substrats malauradament la selectivitat en aldehids va ser baixa. L'addició del tensioactiu catiònic va augmentar tant la conversió com la selectivitat en aldehids. En aquest cas el sistema catalític es va poder reciclar mantenint tant la activitat com la selectivitat. L'addició de metanol com a co-solvent emprant 1-octè com a substrat va resultar en un augment de la conversió. L'addició del dendrimer al sistema no va millorar els resultats obtinguts.<br/>El diòxid de carboni supercrític (scCO2) també s'ha estudiat com a medi de reacció. En el capítol 4 es descriu la síntesis de tres lligands fòsfor-dadors nous que contenen cadenes ramificades, PPh3-n(OC9H19) (n = 1, 2, 3), amb l'objectiu d'utilitzar-los en la reacció d'hidroformilació de 1-octè utilitzant com a dissolvent scCO2. Per tal d'estudiar la química de coordinació d'aquests lligands es van sintetitzar complexos catiònics de Rh(I) i complexos neutres de pal·ladi (II). Per mitjà d'estudis de ressonància magnètica i espectroscòpia infraroja a pressió es van estudiar les espècies que es formen en les condicions de hidroformilació. Els lligands sintetitzats no van donar lloc a sistemes catalítics solubles en scCO2 en les condicions estudiades. Malgrat això aquests sistemes van ser actius per la reacció d'hidroformilació de 1-octè en scCO2 i toluè. En condicions apropiades de reacció s'obtenen conversions i selectivitats elevades en ambdós solvents. Amb el sistema Rh/PPh2(OC9H19) emprant scCO2 com a dissolvent es va obtenir una millora de selectivitat en aldehids.<br/>En el capítol 5 es descriu l'aplicació del lligand P(C6H4-p-OCH2C7F15)3 a la reacció d'hidroformilació de 1-octè,1-decè i estirè catalitzada per rodi. Aquests sistema va resultar soluble en scCO2. Emprant baixes concentracions de rodi i una relació P:Rh = 3, es van observar bones activitats i selectivitats en aldehids per a la hidroformilació d'1-octè. El sistema també va resultar actiu per la hidroformilació d'1-decè i estirè.<br/>La reacció de copolimerització d'alquens i monòxid de carboni catalitzada per pal·ladi permet la síntesi de policetones. Per a la copolimerització de tert-butilestirè i CO, un dels sistemes més actius està basat en l'ús de catalitzadors de pal·ladi amb lligands N-dadors: bipiridina i fenantrolina. En el capítol 6 es descriu el primer exemple de copolimerització de tert-butilestirè i monòxid de carboni catalitzada per sistemes de pal·ladi emprant com a medi de reacció el diòxid de carboni supercrític. Per assolir aquest objectiu es van sintetitzar lligands bipiridina i fenantrolina amb cadenes perfluorades per tal d'augmentar la solubilitat del sistema catalític en scCO2. Es van sintetitzar els complexos neutres de pal·ladi [PdCl(CH3)(Bipif o Phenf)] i els complexes catiònics de pal·ladi [Pd(CH3)(NCCH3)(Bipif o Phenf)]BARF. Els complexos catiònics de pal·ladi van mostrar una elevada solubilitat en scCO2. La reacció de copolimerització de tert-butilestirè i CO es va estudiar tant en scCO2 com en diclormetà com a dissolvents. Els resultats van mostrar que el sistema catalític presenta una activitat similar en diòxid de carboni supercrític a la que s'observa amb diclormetà però en el medi supercrític els copolímers tenen pesos moleculars que arriben a ser el doble del que s'obté en el dissolvent orgànic i amb polidispersitats molt més baixes.<br>The main objective of this thesis was to study the use of alternative and non-toxic solvents, water and supercritical carbon dioxide, for catalysed hydroformylation and copolymerisation reactions. Rhodium catalysed hydroformylation of 1-octene and 1-decene in biphasic aqueous systems using sulfonated diphosphines (dpppts, dppbts) as ligands was studied in Chapter 3. In order to increase the solubility of the alkenes in water different strategies such as addition of surfactants, co-solvents and a dendrimeric molecule have been studied. The addition of an anionic surfactant to both systems increases the conversion but the selectivity in aldehydes decreases obtaining mainly isomers as reaction products. The addition of a cationic surfactant to the system increases both activity and selectivity in aldehydes. However, high concentrations of cationic surfactants led to loss of catalyst in the organic phase. When 1-octene was used as substrate a slight increase in regioselectivity in nonanal was observed. Using 1-decene and dppbts a ligand high selectivity in aldehydes up to 97% with 63% of conversion were obtained, in addition the system could be recycled maintaining both conversion and selectivity in aldehydes. The addition of methanol as a co-solvent increases the conversion of the reaction, when dppbts was used as a ligand an enhancement in aldehydes selectivity was observed. The use of dendrimer did not improve the results.<br/>In Chapter 4 was studied the hydroformylation of 1-octene in supercritical carbon dioxide. In order to obtain soluble catalyst in supercritical carbon dioxide new ligands containing alkyl chains, PPh3-n(OC9H19)n (n = 1, 2, 3), were synthesised. The coordination of these ligands to rhodium and palladium, the activity of these ligands in hydroformylation of 1-octene in toluene as a solvent and the reactivity of them with CO/H2 were also discussed. Although the ligands were not soluble in scCO2, good activities can be obtained using the appropriate reaction conditions, similar conversion and aldehydes selectivity than the obtained using toluene as a solvent where obtained using P(OC9H19)3 as a ligand. Using PPh(OC9H19)2 and PPh2(OC9H19) as ligands in supercritical carbon dioxide low conversion were observed. However improved selectivities in aldehydes were obtained.<br/><br/>Chapter 5 deals with the use of perfluorinated ligands in order to solubilize the catalyst in supercritical carbon dioxide. A perfluorinated phosphine previously applied to biphasic fluorous hydroformylation was used to study the catalyzed rhodium hydroformylation of 1-octene, 1-decene and styrene in scCO2. The solubility studies showed that the catalytic system was soluble in supercritical carbon dioxide. Good activities and selectivities in aldehydes using 1-octene as a substrate were observed at very low rhodium concentrations and P:Rh ratios. <br/><br/>In Chapter 6 was studied the copolymerisation of 4-tert-butylstirene with CO in supercritical carbon dioxide. To achieve this objective we propose the synthesis of N-donor ligands containing perfluorinated chains. The neutral palladium complexes [PdCl(CH3)(Bipyf o Phenf)] and cationic palladium complexes [Pd(CH3)(NCCH3)(Bipyf o Phenf)]BARF were synthesised. The cationic complexes showed high solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide. These complexes were used as catalysts in the palladium catalysed copolymerisation of 4-tert-butylstirene with CO using scCO2 and dichloromethane as solvents. The results obtained showed that the catalytic system has similar activities in both solvents. However, using carbon dioxide as a solvent the molecular weights are higher than the obtained in dichloromethane in the same reaction conditions. Moreover the polyketones obtained in scCO2 have very narrow molecular weight distribution.
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Bugga, Balakrishna. "Development of P-OP Ligands with New Structural Motifs for Rhodium- and Iridium- Mediated Asymmetric Hydrogenations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396172.
Full textAbstract:
S’han dut a terme la síntesi de lligands enantiopurs fosfina-fosfit (P-OP) amb nous fragments fosfit i els corresponents estudis de coordinació amb precursors de rodi i iridi per hidrogenacions asimètriques. El complexes de tipus P-OP-rodi i iridi es van utilitzar eficientment a hidrogenacions asimètriques d’una sèrie diversa de substrats. Els lligands P-OP dissenyats es van sintetitzar mitjançant una ruta sintètica ben establerta pel grup d’investigació, que consisteix en l’apertura d’un epoxi-èter enantiopur de Sharpless amb un nucleòfil de fòsfor i la O-fosforilació del fosfino-alcohol resultant amb els electròfils de fòsfor corresponents (derivats de tipus clorofosfit). La ruta sintètica pels pre-catalitzadors més efectius a les transformacions hidrogenatives mediades per rodi es va optimitzar, desenvolupant una síntesi sense separacions cromatogràfiques, que implicava la cristal·lització dels pre-catalitzadors [Rh(P-OP)] desitjats com a mètode de purificació. Estudis sobre les hidrogenacions asimètriques utilitzant complexes [Ir(P-OP)] d’un conjunt de sistemes heterocíclics de set membres contenint la funció C=N va revelar que aquests complexes d’iridi són excel·lents catalitzadors (donant conversions completes i excessos enantiomèrics de fins el 97%). La enantioselectivitat d’aquest procés s’ha racionalitzat mitjançant càlculs teòrics DFT, que han identificat la posició del lligand-Cl a estructures catalíticament rellevants dels complexes d’iridi, així com també una sèrie d’interaccions no-covalents (per exemple interaccions N-H···Cl, C-H···π i C-H···H-Ir), que són els trets clau a l’hora de racionalitzar el resultat estereoquímic de les reaccions. Pel que fa a la hidrogenació d’alquens funcionalitzats, es van preparar pre-catalitzadors [Rh(P-OP)] que incorporen nous fragments fosfit. Es va assolir una alta activitat catalítica (conversió >99%) i enantioselectivitat excel·lent (fins a >97%) a les hidrogenacions asimètriques d’un conjunt d’alquens funcionalitzats amb lligands P-OP que incorporaven grups derivats del 3,3’-difenil-[1,1’-biaril]-2,2’-diol.<br>Se ha estudiado la síntesis de ligandos enantiopuros fosfina-fosfito (P-OP) con nuevos fragmentos fosfito, así como sus propiedades de coordinación con precursores de rodio e iridio para hidrogenación asimétrica. Dichos complejos de rodio e iridio se han utilizado satisfactoriamente en hidrogenaciones enantioselectivas de un conjunto de sustratos con estructuras diversas. Los ligandos P-OP diseñados se sintetizaron mediante una ruta sintética establecida por el grupo de investigación, que consiste en la apertura de un epoxi-éter enantiopuro de tipo Sharpless con un nucleófilo de fósforo, y posterior O-fosforilación del fosfino-alcohol resultante con los correspondientes electrófilos de fósforo (derivados de tipo clorofosfito). La ruta sintética de los pre-catalizadores de rodio más eficientes para transformaciones hidrogenativas se optimizó a través de una síntesis sin separaciones cromatográficas, mediante la cristalización de los correspondientes pre-catalizadores como método de purificación. Estudios realizados en hidrogenación asimétrica sobre una variedad de heterociclos de siete miembros con enlaces C=N en su estructura revelaron que complejos de iridio derivados de ligandos P-OP son catalizadores excelentes, proporcionando conversiones completas y enantioselectividades elevadas (hasta 97% ee). La enantioselectividad de la reacción fue racionalizada mediante cálculos DFT, los cuales identificaron la posición del ligando cloro, así como una serie de interacciones no covalentes (por ejemplo N-H···Cl, C-H···π y C-H···H-Ir) en intermedios de iridio catalíticamente relevantes, como factores clave en la racionalización de los resultados. En lo que respecta a la hidrogenación de alquenos funcionalizados, pre-catalizadores de rodio incorporando nuevos fragmentos fosfito fueron evaluados, de los cuales aquellos derivados del grupo 3,3’-difenil-[1,1'-biaril]-2,2'-diol proporcionaron resultados excelentes tanto en términos de actividad catalítica (conversión >99%) como de enantioselectividad (>99% ee).<br>he synthesis of enantiopure phosphine-phosphite (P-OP) ligands with new phosphite fragments and coordination studies with rhodium and iridium precursors for asymmetric hydrogenations have been performed. The resulting P-OP-rhodium and iridium complexes were efficiently employed in asymmetric hydrogenations of an array of structurally diverse substrates. The designed P-OP ligands were synthesized by a well-established synthetic route developed in the group, which comprised the ring-opening of an enantiopure Sharpless epoxy ether with a phosphorus nucleophile and the O-phosphorylation of the resulting phosphino alcohol with the corresponding phosphorus electrophiles (chlorophosphite derivatives). The synthetic route towards the highest performing pre-catalysts in rhodium-mediated hydrogenative transformations has been optimized by developing a chromatography-free synthesis involving the crystallization of the target [Rh(P-OP)] pre-catalysts as the purification method. Studies on [Ir(P-OP)]-mediated asymmetric hydrogenations of a variety of seven-membered heterocycles that contain C=N bonds have revealed that these iridium complexes are excellent catalysts (up to full conversion; up to 97% ee). The enantioselectivity has been rationalized by means of DFT calculations, which have identified the position of the Cl-ligand in catalytically relevant iridium structures and a number of non-covalent interactions (i.e. N-H···Cl, C-H…π and C-H···H-Ir interactions) as key features in the rationalization of the stereochemical outcome of the reactions. As regards the hydrogenation of functionalized alkenes, [Rh(P-OP)] pre-catalysts incorporating new phosphite fragments have been prepared. High catalytic activity (> 99% conversion) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99%) were achieved in asymmetric hydrogenations of a variety of functionalized alkenes by P-OP ligands incorporating 3,3’-diphenyl-[1,1'-biaryl]-2,2'-diol-derived phosphite groups.
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Lao, Mulinari Joan Ramon. "Rhodium Catalysis in Enantioselective Hydrogenative Transformations: From the Design of New Ligands to Reactions of Atypical Substrates." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458362.
Full textAbstract:
La present tesi doctoral se centra en el disseny i síntesi de lligands modulars fosforats de tipus fosfina-fosfit, en la seva aplicació posterior al desenvolupament de nous sistemes catalítics eficients i enantioselectius per a diferents transformacions hidrogenatives mediades per complexes de rodi derivats d’aquests lligands i en l’estudi del seu ús en la preparació de productes òpticament actius amb interès biològic, farmacèutic i agroquímic. En primer lloc, es descriu una innovadora estratègia sintètica per a la síntesi de nous lligands fosfina-fosfit que contenen un grup P-estereogènic i una cadena d’un sol àtom de carboni entre les dos funcionalitats fosforades com a característiques estructurals particulars. Posteriorment a la seva preparació, es va estudiar la seva aplicabilitat a reaccions d’hidrogenació i hidroformilació asimètriques d’alquens mediades per complexes de rodi derivats de lligands P-OP, obtenint alts valors de regio- i enantio-selectivitat en els productes de reacció. Per altra banda, el treball també cobreix el desenvolupament i l’aplicació de noves aproximacions catalítiques per a la síntesi de sulfòxids enantioenriquits a través de resolucions cinètiques hidrogenatives mediades per complexes de rodi derivats de lligands fosfina-fosfit. Aquesta estratègia sintètica, que es caracteritza per donar a lloc a dos sulfòxids enantioenriquits en una única etapa sintètica, s’ha aplicat a un ampli ventall de sulfòxids racèmics insaturats, obtenint alts valors de enantioselectivitat en els productes de reacció. A més a més, l’aplicabilitat sintètica d’aquesta estratègia catalítica ha pogut ser demostrada preparant tres intermedis sintètics enantioenriquits de compostos biològicament actius. Finalment, en l’última part del treball, es descriu el desenvolupament d’una nova metodologia estereoselectiva basada en la desimetrització hidrogenativa de 1,4-diens aquirals i la seva aplicació posterior a la preparació d’un conjunt d’alcohols secundaris i terciaris altament enantioenriquits que poden ser considerats productes d’alt interès sintètic.<br>La presente tesis doctoral se centra en el diseño y síntesis de ligandos modulares fosforados de tipo fosfina-fosfito, en su aplicación posterior al desarrollo de nuevos sistemas catalíticos eficientes y enantioselectivos para diferentes transformaciones hidrogenativas mediadas por complejos de rodio derivados de estos ligandos y en el estudio de su uso en la preparación de productos ópticamente activos con interés biológico, farmacéutico y agroquímico. En primer lugar, se describe una novedosa estrategia sintética para la síntesis de nuevos ligandos fosfina-fosfito que contienen un grupo P-estereogénico y una cadena de un solo átomo de carbono entre las dos funcionalidades fosforadas como características estructurales particulares. Posteriormente a su preparación se estudió su aplicabilidad en reacciones de hidrogenación y hidroformilación asimétricas de alquenos mediadas por complejos de rodio derivados de ligandos P-OP, obteniendo altos valores de regio- y enantio-selectividad en los productos de reacción. Por otra parte, el trabajo también cubre el desarrollo y aplicación de nuevas aproximaciones catalíticas para la síntesis de sulfóxidos enantioenriquecidos mediante resoluciones cinéticas hidrogenativas mediadas por complejos de rodio derivados de ligandos fosfina-fosfito. Esta estrategia sintética, que se caracteriza por dar lugar a dos sulfóxidos enantioenriquecidos en una única etapa sintética, se ha aplicado a un amplio rango de sulfóxidos racémicos insaturados, obteniendo altos valores de enantioselectividad en los productos de reacción. Además, la aplicabilidad sintética de esta estrategia ha podido ser demostrada preparando tres intermedios sintéticos enantioenriquecidos de compuestos biológicamente activos. Finalmente, en la última parte del trabajo, se describe el desarrollo de una nueva metodología estereoselectiva basada en la desimetrización hidrogenativa de 1,4-dienos aquirales y su aplicación posterior en la preparación de un amplio conjunto de alcoholes secundarios y terciarios altamente enantioenriquecidos, que pueden ser considerados productos de alto interés sintético.<br>The present doctoral thesis focusses on the design and synthesis of modular phosphine-phosphite ligands, on their further application in the development of new efficient and enantioselective catalytic systems for different rhodium-mediated hydrogenative transformations and on their application in the preparation of optically active compounds with biological, pharmaceutical and agrochemical interest. Firstly, a new synthetic methodology for the preparation of phosphine-phosphite ligands, which contain a P-stereogenic group and a single carbon atom spacer between the two phosphorus functionalities as particular structural features, is described. After their preparation, the applicability of the resulting rhodium catalysts in asymmetric hydrogenations and hydroformylations was assessed and high values of regio- and enantio-selectivity in the reaction products were observed. Secondly, the present work also encompasses the development and application of new catalytic approaches for the preparation of enantioenriched sulfoxides through hydrogenative kinetic resolutions mediated by rhodium complexes derived from phosphine-phosphite ligands. This synthetic methodology, in which two enantioenriched sulfoxides are obtained in a single synthetic step, has been applied in a structurally diverse array of racemic unsaturated sulfoxides. High values of enantioselectivity in the reaction products have been obtained. Moreover, the practicality of this strategy has been proved by the preparation of three enantioenriched synthetic intermediates of biologically active compounds. Finally, in the last part of the thesis, the development of a new stereoselective methodology based on a hydrogenative desymmetrization of achiral 1,4-dienes, together with its subsequent application in the preparation of an array of highly enantioenriched and synthetically valuable secondary and tertiary alcohols, are described.
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Schejbalová, Tereza. "Dějiny panství Chroustovice." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390399.
Full textAbstract:
I focused on the general view of the manor in my thesis. Chroustovice wasn't an important manor. Due to this fact, it has never been written the work of a similar character. This thesis is personal to me because I have spent my life in Chroustovice. In the thesis I described historical, artistic, economical, social and ecclesial development of the manor. I described the changing of the owners of the manor. I tried to map trade with the surrounding villages and their belonging with the manor. I focused on the building of Chroustovice manorhouse, which was the centre of the manor, and it still dominates the village. I tried to collected the fate of the most prominent local natives. I tried to synthesize sources and literature. I enriched my thesis with rumors and stories that are still circulating in the region until today.