Academic literature on the topic 'Seed purity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Seed purity"
1
Scott, D. J., and J. G. Hampton. "ASPECTS OF SEED QUALITY." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 2 (January 1, 1985): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.2.1985.3300.
Full textAbstract:
Seed quality refers to a number of seed properties which may have varying degrees of practical importance for agriculture. As well as the traditional purity and germination capacity of seedlots, seed quality also includes species purity, cultivar purity, vigour, seed size, seedlot uniformity, seed health and seed moisture content. The quality of New Zealand herbage seedlots is reviewed. Data are presented for weed seed contamination, germination, seed vigour and seed weight. The influence such factors as analytical and cultivar purity, freedom from weeds, vigour and seed health have on New Zealand's domestic and export seed trade is discussed. Keywords: Seed quality, herbage seed, analytical purity, weed seeds, cultivar purity, germination, vigour,
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Crockett, Phillip A., Prem L. Bhalla, C. K. Lee, and Mohan B. Singh. "RAPD analysis of seed purity in a commercial hybrid cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivar." Genome 43, no. 2 (2000): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g99-034.
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The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers for evaluating seed purity in a commercial F1-hybrid cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivar is demonstrated. Genomic DNA isolated from single ungerminated seed was found to be suitable for RAPD analysis. DNA from F1-hybrid and its parental lines was subjected to RAPD screening with 36 random decamer arbitrary primers. A total of 241 scorable products were observed with 54 (22%) being polymorphic. The RAPD data showed that the parental lines of this commercial cabbage cultivar were not very closely related. Two primers were chosen for purity testing of the F1-hybrid seeds. The sib (inbred seed; seed from self-pollination of parental lines) contamination results obtained by RAPD analysis were comparable to the commonly used grow-out trial and isozyme analysis, hence showing that RAPD analysis can be used for seed purity testing of commercial hybrid cabbage seeds. Key words: Brassica, cabbage, RAPD, seed purity test, F1-hybrid seed.
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Liu, Shuangxi, Hongjian Zhang, Zhen Wang, Chunqing Zhang, Yan Li, and Jinxing Wang. "Determination of Maize Seed Purity Based on Multi-Step Clustering." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 34, no. 4 (2018): 659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12421.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Electrophoresis has been widely used to determine maize seed purity; however, the associated time and complexity hinder its application for maize seeds. Equipment to estimate seed purity was designed to improve the efficiency of identification of circulating maize seeds, and a multi-step clustering method was created for the determination of seed purity. The main components included a host computer, a black box, a seed transmission belt with grooves, a binocular vision system, and an under-controller. First, image information of the crown and the non-embryo side of every maize seed was collected using the binocular vision system while seeds underwent intermittent movement on the transmission belt. Second, multi-area color characteristics, which included red, green, and blue (RGB), hue, saturation, intensity (HSI), and lightness-a-b (Lab) color model parameters of maize seeds were extracted and optimized to generate 25-dimensional purity identification vectors. Finally, a multi-step clustering model was used to determine seed purity. The original center of K-mean clustering was established based on the results of self-organizing map (SOM) clustering; subsequently, maize seed purity parameters were obtained by combining the results of the second and the first clustering analyses. A result was achieved by testing three groups of samples, including 'ZHENGDAN 958' mixed with 'XIANYU 335', 'XIANYU 335' mixed with its male parent, and 'XIANYU 335' mixed with its female parent. The result showed that the correct recognition rate of 'XIANYU 335' mixed with 'ZHENGDAN 958' that had no genetic relationship could reach 100% under the condition of the experimental sample, and the accuracy of identification between 'XIANYU 335' and their respective male and female parents was 96.7% and 88.7%. This recognition rate met with the technical requirements of field inspection and provided a reliable scientific basis for the rapid determination of maize seed purity. Keywords: Identification, Maize seed, Multi-step clustering, Purity, Rapid.
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M. K., Ochran, Narla R. D., Muthomi J. W., and Ochuodho J. O. "The Effect of Seed Source and Post-harvest Practices on Quality of Soybean (Glycine max) Seeds in Busia County." African Phytosanitary Journal 2, no. 1 (2020): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52855/rcbu7343.
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Majority of farmers growing legumes use and recycle seeds from informal sources for the next crop. The quality of such seeds is unknown and usually leads to accumulation of pest, diseases and reduced yields. This study was carried out to determine production practices and quality of soybean seeds obtained from informal sources in Busia County. A survey was conducted to collect information on source of soybean seeds, production and post-harvest handling practices. Seed samples were collected from farmers, local market and agro-dealers. The seeds were evaluated for purity, seed coat damage, germination, vigour and fungal infection. Majority (48%) of farmers in Busia County used farm saved seeds, 29% and 23% used seeds from community based organizations and local markets, respectively. Most of the farmers (92%) used inappropriate threshing techniques like beating with sticks and about 80% of the farmers did not treat seed either before storage or during planting. Majority (68%) stored soybean for three months only. Seeds from informal sources had low purity, higher seed coat damage and infection as compared to certified seeds. The physical purity of seeds from the informal sources did not meet the recommended standard of 98% however their germination was comparable to 75% germination standard. Farmers therefore, should be advised to adopt use of certified seeds and appropriate handling techniques. Keywords: Soybean, seed source, seed quality, seed production practices
5
Zhang, Jianhua, and Miller B. McDonald. "Varietal Identification of Cyclamen and Petunia Seeds Using RAPDs." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 574d—574. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.574d.
Full textAbstract:
Varietal identification of cyclamen and petunia is important for flower seed production because these crops are marketed as hybrids and genetic purity determinations assure the purity of the seed lot and the success of hybridization. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) banding patterns have been shown to be useful in identifying genotypes of various crops. This molecular biology technique was applied to five commercial cyclamen and six petunia hybrids. Using bulk seed/seedling samples, the varieties could be differentiated. However, when individual seeds of the cyclamen hybrid were tested, differing polymorphisms were observed. These variations were attributed to genetic variability in the inbred parents. We conclude that the genetic purity of cyclamen seeds can be improved and that the use of RAPDs can assist breeders of hybrid flowering crops in better monitoring seed quality.
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Xue, Hang, Yang Yang, Xiping Xu, Ning Zhang, and Yaowen Lv. "Application of Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Purity Detection of Hybrid Maize." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (2023): 3507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063507.
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Seed purity has an important impact on the yield and quality of maize. Studying the spectral characteristics of hybrid maize and exploring the rapid and non-destructive detection method of seed purity are conducive to the development of maize seed breeding and planting industry. The near-infrared spectral data of five hybrid maize seeds were collected in the laboratory. After eliminating the obvious noises, the multiple scattering correction (MSC) was applied to pretreat the spectra. PLS-DA, KNN, NB, RF, SVM-Linear, SVM-Polynomial, SVM-RBF, and SVM-Sigmaid were used as pattern recognition methods to classify five different types of maize seeds. The recognition accuracy of the models established by different algorithms was 84.4%, 97.6, 100%, 96.4, 99.2%, 100%, 98.4%, and 91.2%, respectively. The results indicated that hyperspectral imaging technology could be used for variety classification and the purity detection of maize seeds. To improve the calculation speed, using the principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimension of hyperspectral data, we then established classification models based on characteristic wavelengths. The recognition accuracy of the models established by different algorithms was 80.8%, 86.8%, 98%, 94%, 96.8%, 98.4%, 94.4%, and 88.2%, respectively. The results showed that the selected sensitive wavelengths could be used to detect the purity of maize seeds. The overall results indicated that it was feasible to use near-infrared hyperspectral imaging technology for the variety identification and purity detection of maize seeds. This study also provides a new method for rapid and non-destructive detection of seed purity.
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Widiastuti, Mira Landep, Aris Hairmansis, Endah Retno Palupi, and Satriyas Ilyas. "DIGITAL IMAGE ANALYSIS USING FLATBED SCANNING SYSTEM FOR PURITY TESTING OF RICE SEED AND CONFIRMATION BY GROW OUT TEST." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 19, no. 2 (2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v19n2.2018.p49-56.
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<p class="abstrakinggris">The common method used for purity testing of rice seed is human visual observation. This method, however, has a high degree of subjectivity when dealing with different rice varieties which have similar morphology. Digital image analysis with flatbed scanning for purity testing of rice seed was proposed by investigating the morphology of rice seeds and confirmation by grow out test (GOT) in the field. Two extra-long seed varieties were used in this study including a red rice Aek Sibundong and an aromatic rice Sintanur. The identification on 14 parameters of morphological characteristics indicated that only six parameters were correlated, i.e. area, feret, minimum feret, aspect ratio, round, and solidity. The purity of rice seed can be effectively determined using digital image analysis of spikelet color and shape. Based on the discriminant analysis of the digital image the recognition rate of rice seed purity was higher than 99.2% for shape and 93.55% for color. The method, therefore, has a potential to be used as a complement in rice seed purity testing to increase the accuracy of human visual method and it is more sensitive than GOT.</p>
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Njonjo, Mary W., James W. Muthomi, and Agnes W. Mwang’ombe. "Production Practices, Postharvest Handling, and Quality of Cowpea Seed Used by Farmers in Makueni and Taita Taveta Counties in Kenya." International Journal of Agronomy 2019 (August 14, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1607535.
Full textAbstract:
Over 80% of farmers in the developing countries use seeds from the informal seed supply that is of unknown quality status with low physical purity, reduced vigour, and contamination with seed-borne pathogens. A survey involving 114 farmers was conducted in Makueni and Taita counties using a semistructured questionnaire to determine cowpea production practices. Forty-seven cowpea seed samples were collected from farmers, and thirty-four were collected from markets and analysed for physical and physiological quality. The data from the questionnaire were analysed using SPSS package. Majority, over 76% of farmers used farm-saved seeds and intercropped cowpea with cereals (56%). The common storage container was polythene bags (56%), and farmers did not treat the seeds. The seed was below the recommended purity standard of 98%. In Taita, farm-saved and market-sourced seeds met the recommended 75% germination at 82.7% and 76.8%, respectively. Even though the germination standard was met, seeds were of low physical purity and reduced vigour. Farmers should be enlightened on recommended production practices, methods of harvesting, and postharvest handling practices to reduce seed quality loss during storage and maximize production.
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Nie, Yingbin, Dezhen Kong, Fenjuan Cui, et al. "Blend wheat AL-type hybrid and using SSRs to determine the purity of hybrid seeds." Seed Science and Technology 49, no. 3 (2021): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2021.49.3.08.
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Heterosis is a promising approach to increase wheat yield from a limited planting area. In this study, a fine quality restorer line 99AR144-1 and three stable male sterile lines, AL18A, AL36A and AL20A, were assigned as male and female, respectively. Seeds of the wheat line 99AR144-1 and three male sterile lines were mixed according to different proportions and then planted at an experimental farm at the Xinjiang Academy of Agri- Reclamation Sciences from 2013 to 2016. When the mixed sowing ratios of combinations 2 (AL36A × 99AR144- 1) and 3 (AL20A × 99AR144-1) were 6 to 8%, the seed production yields were higher than the control; the yield of hybrid seed production increased by 98.8 and 19.9%, respectively. This increase was attributed to a rise in the outcrossing seed setting rate. Further, this study used the Xbarc-8 SSR (simple sequence repeat) molecular marker to identify the purity of blend hybrid seeds and establish a regression equation for hybrid seed purity testing. The coefficient of the regression equation were 0.9878 and 0.9689 respectively, which shows that the purity of hybrids can be accurately predicted by using this equation. This method can quickly and accurately identify the seed purity in mixed seed production.
10
Islam, M. J., K. K. Lima, J. Sarma, et al. "Assessment of seed qualities in relation to storage materials used in ethnic communities of Moulvibazar district." Journal of the Sylhet Agricultural University 11, no. 1 (2025): 17–30. https://doi.org/10.3329/jsau.v11i1.82678.
Full textAbstract:
Quality seeds are very important for successful crop production. Manipuri, Khasia and Garo ethnic communities cultivate different types of crops in their farmlands and save their own seeds traditionally which are quite different from general farmers. Quality analyses of farmer’s saved seeds of ethnic communities have not been studied. Therefore, the experiment was designed to study the seed storage technologies used by ethnic communities. A total of 29 seed samples collected where 15 seed samples from the Manipuri, 4 from the Khasia, and 10 from the Garo ethnic communities to determine seed quality especially purity, germination, planting value of seed (PVS). In seed samples of the Manipuri community, the percentage germination, purity, and planting value of seeds (PVS) varied from 1.5% to 97.0%, 98% to 99%, and 0.5% to 94.1%, respectively. The highest germination (97.0%), purity (99.0%), and PVS (94.1%) were found in rice BRRI dhan 94 (Ranjit dhan) seed samples and the lowest germination (1.5%) and PVS (0.5%) was found in okra seed samples. The highest normal seedlings (95%) were also found in the rice (Ranjitdhan) seed sample. In seed samples collected from the Khasia community, germination percentage ranged from 3.3% to 93.8% whereas purity and PVS ranged from 98% to 99% and 1.7% to 91.1%, respectively. The highest germination was found in sponge gourd (93.8%) along with the highest normal seedlings (92.0%) and the lowest was found in country bean (3.3%). The highest PVS was found in sponge gourd (91.1%) followed by long yard bean (85.9%) and lai shak (80.4%) and the lowest were found in country bean (1.7%). In Garo communities, the purity percentage of seed samples ranged from 98% to 99% whereas germination percentage varied from 2.5% to 98.5%. The highest germination was found in okra seed (98.0%) whereas the lowest germination (2.5%) was in french bean and wax gourd, respectively. PVS was calculated which varied from 1.2% to 95.5%. The highest PVS was recorded in okra seed (95.5%) followed by lai shak (78.9%). The lowest PVS (1.2%) was in french bean and wax gourd. The highest normal seedlings were produced from okra seed samples (96.5%). A total of 14 fungi representing 12 genera were detected to be associated with the 15 seed samples collected from Manipuri ethnic community; 7 fungi representing 5 genera were detected from the seed samples of Khasia community and 9 fungi representing 8 genera were detected from seed samples of Garo community. The storage techniques used by three ethnic communities, keeping seeds in gunny bags, glass bottles, and cloth bags are suitable for the storage of seed samples. Fumigation was found to be good for keeping away from storage fungi and maintaining the quality of seeds, especially germination. J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 11(1): 17-30, 2024
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seed purity"
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Melo, Lilian Faria de [UNESP]. "Etapas do beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de capim-colonião." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142840.
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Previous issue date: 2016-06-08<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>As sementes de gramíneas forrageiras recebidas pelas empresas após a colheita contêm impurezas cuja remoção é realizada por máquinas de beneficiamento. Este procedimento é necessário para a obtenção de sementes dentro dos padrões de qualidade para a comercialização e a semeadura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai. As sementes foram amostradas antes do processamento e após a saída da máquina de ar e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira mesa gravitacional (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária), máquina tratadora e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior, intermediária e inferior). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, qualidade física (pureza e peso de mil sementes), fisiológica (germinação, primeira contagem, classificação do vigor de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de plântulas, emergência de plântulas em campo e índice de velocidade de emergência) e sanitária (Blotter Test). O beneficiamento de sementes na máquina de ar e peneiras e mesa gravitacional é eficiente para o aprimoramento da qualidade física dos lotes das três cultivares de Panicum maximum e fisiológica somente para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai. O tratamento das sementes de Panicum maximum cultivar Tanzânia com tinta corante reduz a velocidade de emergência de plântulas em campo. Tendo como referência os padrões de comercialização nacional de sementes, o beneficiamento é necessário somente para o lote da cultivar Mombaça, para atender aos requisitos de pureza. Os fungos encontrados nas sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai durante o beneficiamento foram: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cercospora sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. e Rhizopus sp.. Foi encontrado também para a cultivares Tanzânia e Mombaça o fungo Rhizoctonia sp., Microspora sp., Pyrenochaeta sp. para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai, e Nigrospora sp. somente para a cultivar Massai. Esses fungos encontram-se alojados interna e externamente nas sementes e podem ser disseminados pelas máquinas de beneficiamento. Algumas etapas de beneficiamento são capazes de reduzir parcialmente a incidência de alguns fungos.<br>The harvested seeds upon being received by the forage grass company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical, physiological and physiological quality of guinea grass cv. Tânzania, Mombaça and Massai (Panicum maximum) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical quality (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, primary root length, aerial part length, seedling emergence in the field, and speed of emergence index). The sanitary test was conducted according to the filter paper method (Blotter test) with the seeds being superficially disinfested. The processing of seeds in the air screen cleaner and gravity table is effective to improve the physical quality of batches of three cultivars of Panicum maximum and physiological only for Mombaça and Massai cultivars. Seed treatment with dye ink reduces the speed of emergence seedling field. With reference to the national marketing standards of seeds, processing is only necessary to cv. Mombaça to meet the purity requirements. Fungi found in the seeds of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Mombaça and Massai during processing were Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cercospora sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. and Rhizopus sp. It was also found for the cultivars Tanzania and Mombaça fungus Rhizoctonia sp., Microspora sp., Pyrenochaeta sp. for Mombaça and Massai cultivars and Nigrospora sp. only to cultivate Massai. These fungi are internal and externally housed in the seeds and are disseminated by the processing machines. Some processing steps are able to partially reduce the incidence of some fungi.
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Anderson, Rhett Michael. "Novel Techniques to Improve Restoration of Native Rangeland Species." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8885.
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The sagebrush steppe is a particularly sensitive ecosystem that is easily disturbed by fires, oil and gas extraction, woody-plant encroachment, and overgrazing. The natural regeneration of native species following a disturbance within this system is typically slow and sporadic, which allows invasive grasses to occupy the landscape. Attempts to assist the recovery of these landscapes through direct seeding is commonly met with poor success rates, particularly in lower elevation, drier sites. Novel seed enhancement technologies and planting techniques that mitigate limiting factors impairing restoration efforts may improve the likelihood of restoring these degraded areas. For chapter 1, we evaluated a solid-matrix priming technique, where bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata) and Lewis flax (Linum lewisii) were primed and then the priming matrix and seed were pelleted together. We evaluated primed seed that had been incorporated into pellets at two field sites against seed that was pelleted but been left unprimed, and untreated seed (control). These three seed treatments were planted in the spring (mid-march) in shallow (2-cm) and deep (15-cm) furrows, in a complete factorial design. We found that primed seeds generally produced higher plant densities than control seed at the beginning of the growing season; however, its influence diminished towards the end of the growing season. We also found that deep furrows increased plant density throughout the growing season and even into the following year. The combination of priming and deep furrows outperformed control seed in shallow furrows in all measured metrics. For chapter 2, we evaluated a seed conglomeration technique for improving Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. Wyomingensis) emergence and survival under fall and winter plantings. The trial was implemented at five sites across Utah and Nevada in a randomized complete block-split-split plot design, with site, and planting season, comprising the split-plot factors. Each site and season combination was seeded with conglomerated and control seed. We found that in most cases, a fall seeding of Wyoming big sagebrush was either the same or more successful compared to planting on the snow in the winter, which is the current suggested practice. Our results also demonstrated that seed conglomeration produced higher plant densities compared to control seed throughout the growing season. The higher density of plants produced from conglomerates combined with the improved seed delivery provided by the conglomeration technique was estimated to offset the cost in producing conglomerates and reduce overall restoration costs by 41%.
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Teles, Héria de Freitas. "Qualidade de sementes de soja e incidência de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib) de Bary em função do beneficiamento e armazenamento." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8826.
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Previous issue date: 2012-06-29<br>Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq<br>Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) is considered the worldwide leader in oilseed
production and consumption, and currently the main source of vegetable protein available.
In the field, the crop is infected by a large number of diseases. Among the fungal diseases,
the white mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, has emerged as one of
the most serious, affecting the quality of seed, which can also be influenced by processing
and storage. The pathogen survives in soil through resistance structures (sclerotia) and can
attack more than 400 host species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical
and physiological quality and S. sclerotiorum incidence of soybean seeds during
processing and six months after in cold and dry storage and environment conditions. Seeds
from eight cultivars, coming from production fields, naturally infested with S.
sclerotiorum, located in Vianópolis, Silvânia, Luziânia and Orizona in the State of Goiás,
in the seasons 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 were studied. Samples were collected at each
stage of processing: in the hopper (reception), after pre-cleaning, discard one (precleaning),
after cleaning, after the sieve classifiers (three sieve sizes), after the spiral (three
sieve sizes), after gravity table (three sizes of sieve) and final disposal, totalizing 14
samples. The following analysis were done: moisture content, physical purity, germination
and tetrazolium test, and tests for S. sclerotiorum detection in rolled paper and Neon
method. PCA analysis was performed and Pearson correlations study between the averages
of the variables in processing stages for each cultivar. Processing improves physical and
physiological quality of soybean seeds, which is efficient for S. sclerotiorum control,
eliminating the sclerotia associated to the seeds and reducing the amount of inoculum that
could return to the planting area. Physical purity, germination, viability and vigor are
positively correlated together and negatively with the mass of sclerotia. Processing also
reduces significantly the inoculum potential in the mycelial form of S. sclerotiorum in the
seeds. Storage does not influence the incidence of S. sclerotiorum in mycelial form in
seeds, which can increase or not during this period, regardless the storage conditions, in a
cold and dry storage or in environment condition.<br>A soja (Glycine max L. Merrill) é considerada a oleaginosa líder em produção e
consumo em todo o mundo, sendo, atualmente, a principal fonte de proteína vegetal
disponível. Em campo, a cultura é infectada por grande número de doenças. Entre as
doenças fúngicas, o mofo-branco, causado por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, tem
se destacado como uma das mais graves, afetando a qualidade das sementes, a qual
também pode ser influenciada pelo beneficiamento e armazenamento. O patógeno
sobrevive no solo por meio de estruturas de resistência (escleródios) e pode atacar mais de
400 espécies hospedeiras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade física e
fisiológica e a incidência de S. sclerotiorum em sementes de soja durante o processo de
beneficiamento e após seis meses de armazenamento em câmara fria e seca e em condição
ambiente. Trabalhou-se com sementes de oito cultivares, provenientes de campos de
produção naturalmente infestados por S. sclerotiorum, situados em Vianópolis, Silvânia,
Luziânia e Orizona, no Estado de Goiás, safras 2009/2010 e 2010/2011. As amostras foram
coletadas em cada etapa do beneficiamento: na moega (recepção), após a pré-limpeza, no
descarte um (da pré-limpeza), após a limpeza, após os classificadores de peneira (três
tamanhos de peneira), após o espiral (três tamanhos de peneira), após a mesa de gravidade
(três tamanhos de peneira) e no descarte final da UBS, totalizando 14 amostras. Foram
realizadas análises de teor de umidade, pureza física, testes de germinação e de tetrazólio, e
os testes para a detecção de S. sclerotiorum em rolo de papel e método neon. Foi realizada
análise de PCA e estudo das correlações de Pearson entre as médias das variáveis das
etapas de beneficiamento, para cada cultivar. Verificou-se que o beneficiamento aprimora
as qualidades físicas e fisiológicas das sementes de soja, sendo uma ferramenta útil para o
controle de S. sclerotiorum, já que elimina os escleródios associados às sementes, e reduz a
quantidade de inóculo inicial no campo. Pureza física, germinação, viabilidade e vigor
estão correlacionadas positivamente entre si, e negativamente com a massa de escleródios.
O beneficiamento também reduz significativamente o potencial de inóculo na forma
micelial de S. sclerotiorum nas sementes. O armazenamento não influencia a incidência de
S. sclerotiorum na forma micelial nas sementes, a qual pode aumentar ou não durante este
período, independente das condições de armazenamento, seja em câmara fria e seca ou em
condição ambiente.
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Skousen, Christina A. "Toiling among the Seed of Israel: A Comparison of Puritan and Mormon Missions to the Indians." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/350.
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Substantial comparative analyses of Puritanism and Mormonism are lacking in historical scholarship, despite noted similarities between the two religions. This study helps to fill that void by comparing the Puritan and Mormon proselytization efforts among the Indians that occurred at the respective sites of Massachusetts Bay Colony and the Southern Indian Mission. In my examination of the missionization attempts that took place at these two locations, I analyze a common motive and method of the two denominations for attempting to Christianize the Indians. The Puritan and Mormon missionaries proselytizing in Massachusetts Bay Colony and the Southern Indian Mission shared an identical motive for seeking to convert the Indians to Christianity. The missionaries' conviction that the regional natives were descendants of the House of Israel prompted them to proselytize among the Indians, as they understood that the conversion of the House of Israel constituted one of the important events to precede the prophesied return of Christ to the earth. The Puritans and Mormons engaged in and overseeing the missionary endeavors of the two locales under study likewise shared several parallel conversion methods. One such method consisted of utilizing one of the largest resources available to the two religions: their constituents. The Puritans and Mormons each implemented the association and example of their missionaries and congregational members as a primary method of conversion. Moreover, they applied that technique in a corresponding manner.
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Boone, Clifford. "Puritan evangelism : preaching for conversion in late-seventeenth century English puritanism as seen in the works of John Flavel." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683232.
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Browning, Luke Wayne. "StCKP and potato tuber dormancy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275074.
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You, Zhen-Bo, and 游鎮博. "Process for extraction and purification of oligomers proanthocyanidins with high purity from grape seeds." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46283056561238151143.
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碩士<br>國立高雄應用科技大學<br>化學工程系碩士班<br>96<br>The oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) exhibit the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity. It has been widely applied to food, drinks, cosmetics and other healthy products. This study demonstrated that the proanthocyanidins is extracted from grape seeds by a boiling citric solution. The extracts are passed through a column HP-2MG. The oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) is obtained. The yield reaches 0.7%. FTIR and HPLC examinations showed that the OPC purity is very high. This process is simple and is proceeded by the non-toxic solvent.
Books on the topic "Seed purity"
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Douglas, Sharon M. Seed germination and purity analysis. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 1989.
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1936-, Copeland L. O., ed. Seed purity and taxonomy: Application of purity testing techniques to specific taxonomical groups of seeds. Michigan State University Press, 2008.
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Paul, Heike, Alexandra Ganser, and Katharina Gerund, eds. Pirates, Drifters, Fugitives. Universitätsverlag WINTER, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.33675/2012-82538586.
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Figures of mobility appear prominently in US-foundational narratives of ‘discovery,’ the ‘Puritan errand,’ and westward expansion; the protagonists of these hegemonic tales of settlement and nation-building are (mostly) European travellers, pioneers, and colonists. By contrast, figures such as pirates, drifters, and fugitives are for the most part absent from canonical narratives of new world beginnings and may be considered as expressing/representing alternative mobilities. Their stories and their representations raise questions of legitimacy and legality – often from a transnational perspective – and imply a critique of the American empire and its concomitant domestic discourses of marginalization. Yet, pirates, drifters, and fugitives also appear as ambiguous figures with regard to US-exceptionalist rhetoric: they may tap their subversive potential, while they are also bound to and complicit with the ideologies they seek to expose. In the context of the so-called New American Studies and the emergent field of Mobility Studies, this volume investigates these figures in a variety of cultural productions (pamphlets, song lyrics, autobiographies, novels, memorials, legal texts, video, television, and film) from the 17th century to the present.
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Borzyh, Stanislav. Theory of Mind. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1088340.
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This book deals with the problem of human reason and thinking from a somewhat unexpected angle. Its main idea is that both are the product of evolution, and therefore they bear the imprint of their history, and they are mostly reduced to them, although they are not entirely limited to them. This means that they are by no means universal, on the contrary, they are conditioned by their very formation and the circumstances within which they developed and which literally created them as we know them. In practical terms, this suggests that they are aimed at solving the problems and the type that faced our species during its rather long formation, and they are not able to answer any other questions, no matter how much effort we put into it. Even what seems to us an exceptional attribute of modernity or rationality, such as science or politics, fits within the framework of what is available to us, as well as what we are able to formulate and articulate in principle. That is, our intelligence is purely animal and contextual, it never goes beyond the limits set for it, despite the fact that we see it differently. In this regard, questions of their definition, origin, history and current state are considered, and among other things, alternative options that are potentially possible in the field of intelligence, both on Earth and in general, are studied.
 The text consists of five chapters, a preface and an afterword, is provided with illustrative examples and is aimed at the widest possible adult readership, who likes to think and who is not afraid of debunking some of the ingrained myths that accompany our lives.
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Blidstein, Moshe. Baptism as Purification in Early Christian Texts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791959.003.0005.
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Chapter 5 discusses baptism as a ritual of purification and as marking the community’s external boundaries. Most authors who wrote about baptism in the second and third centuries described it as an act of purification, an understanding which is supported by the imagery of the ritual itself and by the Jewish and pagan parallels. This understanding made baptism dangerously similar to Jewish ritual, and the first section of the chapter therefore focuses on the efforts of Christian authors to differentiate between Christian baptism and Jewish rituals. Furthermore, this chapter investigates what exactly baptism was thought to purify. The identification of baptism—a physical act of washing—with purification from what would seem to be non- or semi-physical entities makes it a major site for addressing the relationship between external and internal purity, the role of conscious intention as opposed to ritual action, and the place of spiritual entities.
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Blidstein, Moshe. The Origenist Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791959.003.0009.
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This chapter argues that Origen’s purity discourse was innovative on many fronts, as can be seen in his writings on sexuality, baptism, and on dietary issues. Defilement imagery concerning sexuality is especially prominent. Although Origen did not prohibit marriage, he saw sexuality as defiled, the quintessential expression of human corporeality, closely connected with sin though not synonymous with it. I argue that Origen was the first Christian thinker who integrated the notion of temporary sexual defilement found in the Hebrew Bible with the second-century Christian notion of essential sexual defilement, creating a nuanced conception of defilement. As in sexual issues, in baptism too Origen supplies a relatively systematic usage of purity discourse; baptism and sex are linked through his understanding of infant baptism as purification from an inherent defilement linked to the sexual origin of the human body.
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Blidstein, Moshe. Sexual Defilement in Early Christian Texts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791959.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 demonstrates that sexual sin became the main target for purity discourse in early Christian texts, and attempts to explain why. Christian imagery of sexual defilement drew from a number of traditions—Greco-Roman sexual ethics, imagery of sexual sin from the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple texts, and both Jewish and pagan purity laws, all seen through the lens of Paul’s imagery of sexuality and sexual sin. Two broad currents characterized Christian sexual ethics in the second century: one upheld marriage and the family as the basis for a holy Christian society and church, while the second rejected all sexuality, including in marriage. Writers of both currents made heavy use of defilement imagery. For the first, sexual sin was a dangerous defilement, contaminating the Christian community and severing it from God. For the second, more radical current, sexuality itself was the defilement; virginity or continence alone were pure.
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Taiz, Lincoln, and Lee Taiz. The Quandary Over Plant Sex. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490263.003.0001.
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Chapter one describes “The Quandary Over Plant Sex” in its historical context. The sexual role of pollen wasn’t discovered until the late 17th century, suggesting a deep cultural bias. Beliefs concerning sex in humans, from Galen and Aristotle onward, were influenced by gender ideology. The lower social status of women suggested a one-sex model, whereby female character and physiology were construed as deficient versions of the male. Plants, because of their association with women, came to be regarded as female. Flowers are often emblematic of women in literature, but flowers seem to produce fruits without carnality, by parthenogenesis. In paintings of the Annunciation, the lily appears almost as regularly as the angel Gabriel as a symbol of Mary’s purity. The association of flowers with female purity hindered the discovery of sex in plants. Although most people are aware of pollen, widespread confusion about its role in sexual reproduction still lingers.
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Monahan, Michael J. Creolizing Practices of Freedom. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881813376.
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Creolizing Practices of Freedom argues that many of our long-standing debates over the concept of freedom have been bound up in the politics of purity—explicitly or implicitly insisting on clear and distinct boundaries between self and other or between choice and coercion. In this model, freedom becomes a matter of purifying the self at the individual level and the body politic at the larger social level. The appropriate response to this is a creolizing theory of freedom, an approach that sees indeterminacy and ambiguity not as tragic flaws, but as crucial productive elements of the practice of freedom.
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Pravadelli, Veronica. The Male Subject of Noir and the Modern Gaze. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038778.003.0004.
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This chapter discusses the transition between the classical war films of the early 1940s and the anticlassical film noirs of the later half of the decade. This period can be roughly described in terms of a dual crisis, seen at the level of representation and at the level of the subject's capacity to act and to know. The chapter then examines noir's visual and narrative regime, especially its ability to express in purely visual terms certain modern tenets such as the psyche's split nature, the notion of embodied subjectivity, and the failure of vision and seeing. Similarly, noir alters the function of verbal language: the protagonist's subjective narration is often the only key to knowledge and truth, and words seem to take up the role previously assigned to vision and action. Meanwhile deep focus photography alters the terms of visuality.
Book chapters on the topic "Seed purity"
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V., Santhy, Nagamani Sandra, Kundapura V. Ravishankar, and Bhavya Chidambara. "Molecular Techniques for Testing Genetic Purity and Seed Health." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_15.
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AbstractWith the globalization of seed trade and transgenic variety development, the application of molecular technologies for seed quality gained more significance in both the internal and international markets. Besides germination, genetic purity and seed health are the two most important seed quality parameters that determine the planting value of a seed lot. Compared to the conventional methods of testing, molecular marker technologies are more efficient for quality analysis as these are more accurate, robust, abundant, and faster. Among the various markers, simple sequence repeats (SSRs), due to their genome-wide presence, reproducibility, multi-allelic nature, and co-dominant inheritance, have emerged as the best markers, for establishing varietal distinctness, identity, and variety/hybrid seed purity testing. With the advent of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers also became widely popular, and the closest to being an ideal marker besides SSRs, in seed genetic purity testing. With large-scale GM crop cultivation, testing for the adventitious presence and trait purity are two added components of seed quality testing. The methods of GM seed quality testing include DNA-based (conventional and real-time PCR), protein-based (lateral flow test and ELISA), and bioassay-based technologies. DNA-based methods including PCR/real-time PCR assays have been successfully employed to detect the adventitious presence of transgenic seeds in seed trade especially at international level, as well as in the national gene banks for germplasm conservation. ISTA plays a prominent role in international harmonization and providing universal guidelines on use of different methods to detect GM seeds. The BMT group of UPOV and the Working Group on DNA Methods of the Variety Committee of ISTA, work in tandem to standardize suitable molecular techniques for establishing variety identity and purity testing, respectively. In the area of seed health testing also, molecular detection assays such as, PCR (nested PCR, multiplex PCR, real-time PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and DNA microarray with many advantages over the conventional assays have been proven highly useful. However, there is a need to validate the usefulness of molecular markers through stringent multi-laboratory tests for their reproducibility before recommending them in routine seed purity and health testing.
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Sinha, J. P., Ashwani Kumar, and Elmar Weissmann. "Seed Processing for Quality Upgradation." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_10.
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AbstractPre-harvest and post-harvest operations are integral parts of the quality seed production system. If due attention is not paid during the first phase, probably therewill not be any means left to obtain quality seed. Similarly, good quality seed produced with utmost care may lose much of its value if proper management is not followed during the post-harvest period. The seed quality attributes are genetic purity, appearance and physical purity, germination potential, vigour and seed health. Proper attention should be given during both the phases of seed production, regarding all the attributes of seed quality. Genetic purity is primarily linked with production or pre-harvest phase. Whereas, physical purity is primarily achieved in post-harvest phase. The harvested raw seed mass consists of various materials other than seed (MOS). MOS may be trash, plant parts, inert matter, weeds, other crop seeds and non-viable seeds, e.g. cut grains, insect pest damaged, off sized or physically damaged kernels, etc. Such contaminants reduce seed quality and increase the volume of harvested seed mass that requires additional space during storage. Moreover, these contaminants often attract pest infestation, which can further cause seed loss both in terms of quality and quantity. Proper storage of processed and clean seed is also an essential component of seed programmes as the sowing season normally falls at least six to nine months after the production season.
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Sundareswaran, S., P. Ray Choudhury, C. Vanitha, and Devendra K. Yadava. "Seed Quality: Variety Development to Planting—An Overview." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_1.
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AbstractThe importance of availability of quality seed of high-yielding varieties in achieving food security has been recognized globally. The chapter presents an overview of the activities and requirements of seed production system globally, with an emphasis on quality, and highlights the linkages between variety development and seed production programmes. The seed development in angiosperm through the process of fertilization has been briefly touched and understanding the processes underlying pollination, fertilization, seed development, and maturation, which are vital for production of quality seed, has been highlighted. System of variety development and release, maintenance of variety purity during seed multiplication, and their importance have been enumerated to benefit those associated with any seed programme. Seed quality parameters including physical and genetic purity, physiological quality, seed vigour, and health, along with factors determining seed quality, have been presented in a holistic manner. Regulatory mechanism for seed quality assurance including steps in seed certification, seed testing and various field and seed standards has been outlined comparing the Indian system with other major international systems working globally. Procedures for seed health testing and application of advanced molecular marker technologies for varietal identity, genetic purity of seed and detection of seed-borne pathogens, which are becoming increasingly relevant in the present seed scenario, have been discussed. Fundamentals of seed processing for quality upgradation, and improvement of seed quality through enhancement technologies, have been explained. The chapter presents an overview of the importance of seed quality, its indicators, regulations, systems of development of varieties and their maintenance and use of modern tools and techniques for assurance and enhancement of seed quality.
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Simakov, Evgeny Alekseevich, Elena Vasil’evna Oves, Sergey Nikolaevich Zebrin, and Boris Vasil’evich Anisimov. "Varietal Identity and Varietal Purity. Viral and Viroid Pathogens Controlled in Potato Seed Production." In Potato Seed Production. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60762-3_8.
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Yan, Xiaomei, Jinxing Wang, Shuangxi Liu, and Chunqing Zhang. "Purity Identification of Maize Seed Based on Color Characteristics." In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture IV. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18354-6_73.
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Kukushkin, Maksim, Martin Bogdan, and Thomas Schmid. "BiCAE – A Bimodal Convolutional Autoencoder for Seed Purity Testing." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70381-2_28.
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Dadlani, Malavika, Anuja Gupta, S. N. Sinha, and Raghavendra Kavali. "Seed Storage and Packaging." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_11.
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AbstractStorage is an essential component of seed programmes, which primarily aims at maintaining the high-quality standards of the seed from harvest till the time of sowing the crop in the next or successive seasons. In addition to this, seeds are also stored for longer durations to maintain stocks for seed trade at national and international levels as per market demands and as a buffer against crop failures in times of natural calamities or other exigencies, to maintain seeds of the parental lines for hybrid seed production in one or more seasons, to conserve active genetic stocks for breeding purposes, and to maintain germplasm for long term use. Seeds of most of the agriculturally important species are categorised as orthodox or desiccation-tolerant. Their longevity increases with decrease in storage temperature and the relative humidity of the storage environment (or seed moisture content). However, notwithstanding the constitutional differences among plant species concerning seed longevity, being a living entity, every seed undergoes deteriorative changes during storage, even in dry stores, primarily in terms of germination and vigour due to physiological deterioration, and changes brought by the presence of the pests and pathogens. A good seed programme aims at maintaining the high planting value of the seed in terms of purity, germination, vigour, and seed health during storage by taking care in seed handling, controlling the temperature and relative humidity of the store (or seed moisture in case of hermetically sealed containers), and following good sanitation practices. Considering that the facilities for conditioned storage may not be accessible and affordable in many situations, alternative solutions may be considered, especially for on-farm seed storage.
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Kumar, Sanjay, K. V. Sripathy, K. Udaya Bhaskar, and Banoth Vinesh. "Principles of Quality Seed Production." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_6.
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AbstractPlant breeding and seed technology are the two arms of crop improvement programmes. The ultimate goal of any plant breeding programme is to make available quality seeds of new improved varieties in adequate quantity to farmers. Modern plant breeding techniques have enabled the development of crop varieties with desired traits at a much higher pace than ever before, addressing the challenges of food and nutritional security. A large number of new crop varieties are being bred continuously to address specific needs viz. productivity, quality, tolerance against abiotic and biotic stresses, cropping intensity, etc. However, to the farmers, all these scientific achievements would be of little use unless they have access to seeds of these varieties, which are genetically pure, physiologically sound (germination, vigour), free from physical impurities and seed-borne diseases. The pace of progress in food production largely depends upon the speed with which a country is able to multiply quality seeds of high-yielding varieties. Hence, the quality seed supply chain must be supported by desired policy and technically sound systems both in national and international domains. In order to achieve this, every country needs a well-established infrastructure for seed production, quality assurance, storage and marketing. Similarly, the regulatory framework for the variety testing, release and notification, and regulation of the seed market are also important to preserve the interests of the farming community. Successful seed production requires establishing variety identity, adherence to maintaining variety purity, and the application of good farming practices along with careful management of crops, following widely accepted production technologies, and quality standards.
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Luan, Zhengguang, Chunlei Li, Shumin Ding, Qiang Guo, and Bicao Li. "Fast and High-Purity Seed Sorting Method Based on Lightweight CNN." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3415-7_51.
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Dadlani, Malavika. "Emerging Trends and Promising Technologies." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_17.
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AbstractThe growing demands for improved seeds of food, vegetables, flowers, other horticultural species, feed, fibre, forage, and fuel crops are driving the global seed industry at a CAGR of 6.6%, which is expected to grow from a market size of USD 63 billion in 2021 to USD 86.8 billion by 2026. This will primarily depend on two key features, genetic enhancement of the crop variety and seed quality. The focus of varietal improvement will be not only on yield increase but also on tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses to meet the challenges of climate change, better input use efficiency, and improvement of the nutritional value. Advanced molecular tools and techniques including gene editing are likely to be used for precision breeding. The scope of seed quality, on the other hand, will grow beyond the basic parameters of purity, germination, and health, to the ability to perform better under adverse growing conditions, supplement the nutrient deficiency in the soil, and withstand pests during seed germination and early growth stages. Seed enhancement technologies will complement the genetic enhancement, as the advancements in seed technology will become an integral part of future crop improvement programmes. This will call for more efficient and precise technologies for determining quality parameters and predicting seed longevity, which will need to be developed using advanced marker technologies, 3D and multispectral imaging analysis, digital phenotyping, and other non-destructive methods. Novel approaches of hybrid seed production, including apomixis and doubled haploidy, will be integrated further for their commercial application. Multi-dimensional approaches need to be taken for addressing the gaps in understanding the key physiological processes underlying the regulation of dormancy (and pre-harvest sprouting), germination, recalcitrance, loss of viability, and seed priming.
Conference papers on the topic "Seed purity"
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Mehta, Karan. "Materials and Devices for Integrated Atomic Quantum Systems." In Frontiers in Optics. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/fio.2024.fw7d.2.
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I will discuss a novel material platform for blue/UV integrated photonics, as well as high-purity passive generation of pure circularly polarized light leveraging vectorial waveguide mode structure, for application in integrated atomic quantum systems. Full-text article not available; see video presentation
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Semenova, Elizaveta. "Scalable Quantum Photonic Devices Operating in the Telecom C-Band." In Quantum 2.0. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/quantum.2024.qm4b.1.
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We present the deterministic fabrication of quantum-dot photonic devices emitting high-purity single-photons in the telecom C-band. This will open scalable integration with photonic platforms to enable novel functionalities for on-chip quantum information processing. Full-text article not available; see video presentation
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Irhamna, Adrian R., and George M. Bollas. "Integration of Chemical Looping Reforming and Shift Reactors for Blue H2 and N2 Production." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.179097.
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Chemical looping Reforming (CLR) is seen as a promising technology for blue hydrogen production. With proper control, CLR in fixed bed reactors has demonstrated the capability to generate blue hydrogen and nitrogen from a single reactor. To enhance efficiency and H2 purity in the product stream, integration of a CLR reactor with a heat recovery system and a Shift reactor is essential. This study explores the design and control of an integrated CLR-Shift reactors system. The integrated system yields a product stream with 75% H2 mole fraction during the Reforming step of CLR, and a nitrogen with high purity (98%) during the Oxidation step. In the best-case scenario, the integrated system produces H2 and N2 at a molar ratio of 1.26 with H2 production efficiency of 80.1%.
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Akashi, Masatsune, Guen Nakayama, Hajime Komatsu, and Seizaburo Abe. "Metallurgical Factors Influencing the Susceptibility of Non-Sensitized Stainless Steel to Intergranular Stress-Corrosion Cracking in High-Temperature, High-Purity Water Environments." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99451.
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Abstract Sensitized stainless steels exhibit intergranular stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility in high- temperature and high purity-water environments with oxygen dissolved at certain levels. Non-sensitized stainless steels have been noted to display slight susceptibility to intergranular stress-corrosion cracking under such conditions but the factors involved are not fully understood. This paper discusses the metallurgical factors to be responsible for the susceptibility of non-sensitized stainless steel to intergranular stress-corrosion cracking in a high-temperature, high-purity water environment. The experimental results show that the amorphic CaS phase precipitated on grain boundaries as films is the major material factor for the susceptibility to appear, and that the Laves phase precipitated on grain boundaries tends to mitigate the susceptibility as well. Furthermore, the tendency was clearly seen that the higher austenite stability clearly increases the susceptibility of material to intergranular stress-corrosion cracking.
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Sim, S., P. Corrigan, I. S. Cole, and N. Birbilis. "Internal Corrosion of CO2 Pipelines for Carbon Capture and Storage." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02133.
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Abstract Capturing and storage of anthropogenic CO2 requires the transport of CO2 with varying combinations of impurities depending on the capture technology and source. Traditional gas pipelines are not designed for the transport of such relatively low purity CO2, in fact, initial research indicates that a low-purity CO2 environment poses a significant durability risk to conventional (gas) pipelines. In a supercritical CO2 stream, the presence of water will lead to acidic conditions via the formation of carbonic acid. In this work a round robin of experiments has been conducted in aqueous solutions where CO2 has been added to water to form carbonic acid in-situ, along with testing in sulfuric acid that was found to simulate the impact of carbonic acid upon steel. The role of Cl-, NO3- and SO42- impurities was also investigated. We see that there is merit in such high throughput tests to form an initial understanding which can be subsequently benchmarked by supercritical CO2 tests.
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Goldman, M. E., N. Ünlü, F. M. Presuel, G. J. Shiflet, and J. R. Scully. "Amorphous Metallic Coatings with Tunable Corrosion Properties Based on Al-Co-Ce-(Mo) Alloy Compositions." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04276.
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Abstract Selected corrosion properties of the recently developed amorphous Al-Co-Ce alloy system are reported. Improved resistance to halide-induced pitting was observed in near neutral solution when the fully amorphous alloy and an aged alloy (100°C for up to1000 hrs.) were compared to high purity aluminum. Both the open circuit potential and the repassivation potential were found to be strongly influenced by the concentration of cobalt in the alloy. Tunable corrosion properties based on pre-selection of Co content is shown to be feasible. This alloy system also showed improved resistance to rapid dissolution in alkaline solutions, in contrast with the behavior of pure aluminum. However, in acidic solutions the dissolution rate of the amorphous alloy was increased when compared to pure aluminum. These unique properties of the amorphous alloys remained after structural relaxation and/or partial devitrification by low temperature heat-treatments at 100°C. However, complete recrystallization by 550°C heat treatment removed all benefits seen in amorphous variants.
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Meskers, Donald, Anthony M. Rossi, and Karen Person. "Evaluation of Terpolymer for Deposit Control in Hardness and Iron Dominated Boiler Systems." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-06106.
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Abstract Synthetic dispersants have been used to control waterside deposition in industrial and commercial boilers for many years. Over the past two decades steady improvements in the cost and performance of reverse osmosis membrane and increased usage of de-ionized water in lower pressure systems have resulted in deposits that are becoming increasingly iron-dominated. This progression has resulted in a need for more complex and robust chemistries that can control iron fouling, as well as the traditional calcium, magnesium, and silica deposition. This paper will discuss changes in deposit matrices seen with higher purity feed water and the need to generate improved ion transport across the boiler system. The correlation between differing polymer functionality and the effect on specific contaminant deposit control and ion transport performance will be discussed in relation to the development of a multifunctional terpolymer chemistry targeted to control iron and a wide range of boiler water contaminants and promote high levels of transport through the boiler system in low to moderate pressure boiler systems. Data will be presented that correlates laboratory performance in research scale test boilers with data generated in commercially operated boiler systems.
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Leng, Douglas L., Rodney G. Powers, and Ivan R. Lasa. "Zinc Mesh Cathodic Protection Systems." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00795.
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Abstract Over the years several forms of sacrificial anode cathodic protection systems have been developed and successfully used to provide corrosion control in marine environments. For more than a century cast anodes have been used to protect ship hulls, propellers and other exposed metal objects from corrosion in a purely galvanic mode. However it was not until recently, in the past twenty years, did researchers begin evaluating the potential benefits of applying sacrificial cathodic protection to steel and steel reinforced concrete structures that are environmentally exposed to marine corrosion. In most cases, solid zinc in the form of an expanded metal mesh has been the primary anode material used for controlling corrosion in splash zones of substructures in marine environments. Zinc mesh anodes are manufactured using 99.99% pure special high grade zinc ingot and alloyed with small amounts of trace elements for improving anode performance and creating better formability (see Table 1). The relatively pure composition is essential for the electrochemical behavior of the anode to operate in a purely galvanic mode. The alloying elements are key to controlling intergranular corrosion behavior as well as creating a more workable substrate for processability to an end product. The most recent mesh configuration is a result of several studies related to optimizing critical anode mass and available surface area. The end result is a system that delivers long term, uninterrupted sacrificial cathodic protection to steel and steel reinforced concrete structures in marine environments. In many cases it has been very advantageous to incorporate zinc mesh anodes into basic concrete repair practices; such as integral pile jacketing, for a complete rehabilitation strategy. To date, this has been the most effective and economical way to restore concrete section loss and provide maintenance-free cathodic protection in a single operation. Since these systems operate in a galvanic mode, they are ideal for remote installation sites where maintenance, access and utility sources are not convenient or are unavailable. All the systems discussed in this paper amply supply in excess of 100 mV of polarization.
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Chung, Jack C. H., M. Litt, and G. Leininger. "A computer vision system for automated corn seed purity analysis." In the third international conference. ACM Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/98784.98822.
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Vu, Hai, Van Ngoc Duong, and Thuy Thi Nguyen. "Inspecting rice seed species purity on a large dataset using geometrical and morphological features." In the Ninth International Symposium. ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3287921.3287983.
Full textReports on the topic "Seed purity"
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Smrekar, Aaron. 4:2 Planting Pattern in Conventional Seed Hybrids to Improve Genetic Purity. Iowa State University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-3.
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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Albrecht G. Von Arnim. eIF3 Complexes and the eIF3e Subunit in Arabidopsis Development and Translation Initiation. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696545.bard.
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The original working hypothesis of our proposal was that The “e” subunit of eIF3 has multiple functions from both within the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Within this model, we further hypothesized that the “e” subunit of eIF3 functions in translation as a repressor. We proposed to test these hypotheses along the following specific aims: 1) Determine the subcellular localization of the interaction between eIF3e and other eIF3 subunits, or the COP9 signalosome. 2) Elucidate the biological significance of the varied subcellular localizations of eIF3e through generating Arabidopsis eIF3e alleles with altered subcellular localization. 3.) Purify different eIF3e complexes by tandem affinity purification (TAP). 4) Study the role of eIF3e in translational repression using both in vitro and in planta assays. eIF3 is an evolutionarily ancient and essential component of the translational apparatus in both the plant and animal kingdoms. eIF3 is the largest, and in some ways the most mysterious, of the translation factors. It is a multi-subunit protein complex that has a structural/scaffolding role in translation initiation. However, despite years of study, only recently have differential roles for eIF3 in the developmental regulation of translation been experimentally grounded. Furthermore, the roles of individual eIF3 subunits are not clear, and indeed some, such as the “e” subunit may have roles independent of translation initiation. The original three goals of the proposal were technically hampered by a finding that became evident during the course of the research – Any attempt to make transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e wt or eIF3e variants resulted in seedling lethality or seed inviability. That is, it was impossible to regenerate any transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e. We did manage to generate plants that expressed an inducible form of eIF3e. This also eventually led to lethality, but was very useful in elucidating the 4th goal of the research (Yahalom et al., 2008), where we showed, for the first time in any organism, that eIF3e has a repressory role in translation. In attempt to solve the expression problems, we also tried expression from the native promoter, and as such analyzed this promoter in transgenic plants (Epel, 2008). As such, several additional avenues were pursued. 1) We investigated protein-protein interactions of eIF3e (Paz-Aviram et al., 2008). 2) The results from goal #4 led to a novel hypothesis that the interaction of eIF3e and the CSN meets at the control of protein degradation of nascent proteins. In other words, that the block in translation seen in csn and eIF3e-overexpressing plants (Yahalom et al., 2008) leads to proteasome stress. Indeed we showed that both over expression of eIF3e and the csn mutants lead to the unfolded protein response. 3) We further investigated the role of an additional eIF3 subunit, eIF3h, in transalational regulation in the apical meristem (Zhou et al., 2009). Epel, A. (2008). Characterization of eIF3e in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In Plant Sciences (Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University). Paz-Aviram, T., Yahalom, A., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e interacts with subunits of the ribosome, Cop9 signalosome and proteasome. Plant Signaling and Behaviour 3, 409-411. Yahalom, A., Kim, T.H., Roy, B., Singer, R., von Arnim, A.G., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e is regulated by the COP9 signalosome and has an impact on development and protein translation. Plant J 53, 300-311. Zhou, F., Dunlap, J.R., and von Arnim, A.G. The translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h is .1 involved in Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem maintenance and auxin response. (submitted to Development).
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Ashley, Caitlyn, Elizabeth Spencer Berthiaume, Philip Berzin, et al. Law and Policy Resource Guide: A Survey of Eminent Domain Law in Texas and the Nation. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.eminentdomainguide.
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Eminent Domain is the power of the government or quasi-government entities to take private or public property interests through condemnation. Eminent Domain has been a significant issue since 1879 when, in the case of Boom Company v. Patterson, the Supreme Court first acknowledged that the power of eminent domain may be delegated by state legislatures to agencies and non-governmental entities. Thus, the era of legal takings began. Though an important legal dispute then, more recently eminent domain has blossomed into an enduring contentious social and political problem throughout the United States. The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution states, “nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.” Thus, in the wake of the now infamous decision in Kelo v. City of New London, where the Court upheld the taking of private property for purely economic benefit as a “public use,” the requirement of “just compensation” stands as the primary defender of constitutionally protected liberty under the federal constitution. In response to Kelo, many state legislatures passed a variety of eminent domain reforms specifically tailoring what qualifies as a public use and how just compensation should be calculated. Texas landowners recognize that the state’s population is growing at a rapid pace. There is an increasing need for more land and resources such as energy and transportation. But, private property rights are equally important, especially in Texas, and must be protected as well. Eminent domain and the condemnation process is not a willing buyer and willing seller transition; it is a legally forced sale. Therefore, it is necessary to consider further improvements to the laws that govern the use of eminent domain so Texas landowners can have more assurance that this process is fair and respectful of their private property rights when they are forced to relinquish their land. This report compiles statutes and information from the other forty-nine states to illustrate how they address key eminent domain issues. Further, this report endeavors to provide a neutral third voice in Texas to strike a more appropriate balance between individual’s property rights and the need for increased economic development. This report breaks down eminent domain into seven major topics that, in addition to Texas, seemed to be similar in many of the other states. These categories are: (1) Awarding of Attorneys’ Fee; (2) Compensation and Valuation; (3) Procedure Prior to Suit; (4) Condemnation Procedure; (5) What Cannot be Condemned; (6) Public Use & Authority to Condemn; and (7) Abandonment. In analyzing these seven categories, this report does not seek to advance a particular interest but only to provide information on how Texas law differs from other states. This report lays out trends seen across other states that are either similar or dissimilar to Texas, and additionally, discusses interesting and unique laws employed by other states that may be of interest to Texas policy makers. Our research found three dominant categories which tend to be major issues across the country: (1) the awarding of attorneys’ fees; (2) the valuation and measurement of just compensation; and (3) procedure prior to suit.
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Tyson, Paul. Sovereignty and Biosecurity: Can we prevent ius from disappearing into dominium? Mέta | Centre for Postcapitalist Civilisation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55405/mwp3en.
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Drawing on Milbank and Agamben, a politico-juridical anthropology matrix can be drawn describing the relations between ius and bios (justice and political life) on the one hand and dominium and zoe (private power and ‘bare life’) on the other hand. Mapping movements in the basic configurations of this matrix over the long sweep of Western cultural history enable us to see where we are currently situated in relation to the nexus between politico-juridical authority (sovereignty) and the emergency use of executive State powers in the context of biosecurity. The argument presented is that pre-19th century understandings of ius and bios presupposed transcendent categories of Justice and the Common Good that were not naturalistically defined. The very recent idea of a purely naturalistic naturalism has made distinctions between bios and zoe un-locatable and civic ius is now disappearing into a strangely ‘private’ total power (dominium) over the bodies of citizens, as exercised by the State. The very meaning of politico-juridical authority and the sovereignty of the State is undergoing radical change when viewed from a long perspective. This paper suggests that the ancient distinction between power and authority is becoming meaningless, and that this loss erodes the ideas of justice and political life in the Western tradition. Early modern capitalism still retained at least the theory of a Providential moral order, but since the late 19th century, morality has become fully naturalized and secularized, such that what moral categories Classical economics had have been radically instrumentalized since. In the postcapitalist neoliberal world order, no high horizon of just power –no spiritual conception of sovereignty– remains. The paper argues that the reduction of authority to power, which flows from the absence of any traditional conception of sovereignty, is happening with particular ease in Australia, and that in Australia it is only the Indigenous attempt to have their prior sovereignty –as a spiritual reality– recognized that is pushing back against the collapse of political authority into mere executive power.
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Nolan, Brian, Brenda Gannon, Richard Layte, Dorothy Watson, Christopher T. Whelan, and James Williams. Monitoring Poverty Trends in Ireland: Results from the 2000 Living in Ireland survey. ESRI, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/prs45.
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This study is the latest in a series monitoring the evolution of poverty, based on data gathered by The ESRI in the Living in Ireland Surveys since 1994. These have allowed progress towards achieving the targets set out in the National Anti Poverty Strategy since 1997 to be assessed. The present study provides an updated picture using results from the 2000 round of the Living in Ireland survey. The numbers interviewed in the 2000 Living in Ireland survey were enhanced substantially, to compensate for attrition in the panel survey since it commenced in 1994. Individual interviews were conducted with 8,056 respondents. Relative income poverty lines do not on their own provide a satisfactory measure of exclusion due to lack of resources, but do nonetheless produce important key indicators of medium to long-term background trends. The numbers falling below relative income poverty lines were most often higher in 2000 than in 1997 or 1994. The income gap for those falling below these thresholds also increased. By contrast, the percentage of persons falling below income lines indexed only to prices (rather than average income) since 1994 or 1997 fell sharply, reflecting the pronounced real income growth throughout the distribution between then and 2000. This contrast points to the fundamental factors at work over this highly unusual period: unemployment fell very sharply and substantial real income growth was seen throughout the distribution, including social welfare payments, but these lagged behind income from work and property so social welfare recipients were more likely to fall below thresholds linked to average income. The study shows an increasing probability of falling below key relative income thresholds for single person households, those affected by illness or disability, and for those who are aged 65 or over - many of whom rely on social welfare support. Those in households where the reference person is unemployed still face a relatively high risk of falling below the income thresholds but continue to decline as a proportion of all those below the lines. Women face a higher risk of falling below those lines than men, but this gap was marked among the elderly. The study shows a marked decline in deprivation levels across different household types. As a result consistent poverty, that is the numbers both below relative income poverty lines and experiencing basic deprivation, also declined sharply. Those living in households comprising one adult with children continue to face a particularly high risk of consistent poverty, followed by those in families with two adults and four or more children. The percentage of adults in households below 70 per cent of median income and experiencing basic deprivation was seen to have fallen from 9 per cent in 1997 to about 4 per cent, while the percentage of children in such households fell from 15 per cent to 8 per cent. Women aged 65 or over faced a significantly higher risk of consistent poverty than men of that age. Up to 2000, the set of eight basic deprivation items included in the measure of consistent poverty were unchanged, so it was important to assess whether they were still capturing what would be widely seen as generalised deprivation. Factor analysis suggested that the structuring of deprivation items into the different dimensions has remained remarkably stable over time. Combining low income with the original set of basic deprivation indicators did still appear to identify a set of households experiencing generalised deprivation as a result of prolonged constraints in terms of command over resources, and distinguished from those experiencing other types of deprivation. However, on its own this does not tell the whole story - like purely relative income measures - nor does it necessarily remain the most appropriate set of indicators looking forward. Finally, it is argued that it would now be appropriate to expand the range of monitoring tools to include alternative poverty measures incorporating income and deprivation. Levels of deprivation for some of the items included in the original basic set were so low by 2000 that further progress will be difficult to capture empirically. This represents a remarkable achievement in a short space of time, but poverty is invariably reconstituted in terms of new and emerging social needs in a context of higher societal living standards and expectations. An alternative set of basic deprivation indicators and measure of consistent poverty is presented, which would be more likely to capture key trends over the next number of years. This has implications for the approach adopted in monitoring the National Anti-Poverty Strategy. Monitoring over the period to 2007 should take a broader focus than the consistent poverty measure as constructed to date, with attention also paid to both relative income and to consistent poverty with the amended set of indicators identified here.