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1
Dollens, James T. "Computer System Self-Defense Through Object Self/Non-Self Recognition." NSUWorks, 2002. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/491.
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Knowing that an object does not belong to an authorized set of objects is an important step in computer system defense. Dr. Stephanie Forrest of the University of New Mexico compared the process of computer system defense to the process used by living organisms to defend against diseases, viruses and other foreign agents. Dr. Forrest's thesis was to develop a methodology for identifying the self to use intrusion detection to detect non-self-agents. An alternative to this external view is a system that contains its own self-defense mechanism. The project proposed that an internal function could be used to differentiate between self and non-self-objects by creating unique identifiers for computer systems as the human DNA differentiates individuals. This research developed the DNA Self-Defense Methodology where implementation would insert identification data into an object that will identify the object uniquely to the operating system on which it resides. This identification data, denoted as the DNA Pattern, will serve to create a unique copy of the object and create an ownership token between the object and the operating system. The research project then focused on developing an instantiation of the methodology for single node computer systems. Additionally, a proof of concept system was developed to test the functionality of certain features of the methodology. The results of the test demonstrated that, given additional research, practical application of the methodology is feasible.
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Sommer, Felix [Verfasser]. "Molecular analysis of self/non-self recognition in the hermaphroditic urochordate Ciona intestinalis / Felix Sommer." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1145074367/34.
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JIANCHENG, LUO. "CONTROLLING SELF-ASSEMBLY OF MACROIONIC SOLUTIONS VIA NON-COVALENT INTERACTIONS: FROM SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURES TO SELF-RECOGNITION." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1583331502913712.
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Gundlach, Katrina Anne. "Studying the Cnidom in Response to Self/Non-self Recognition and Symbiotic State in Sea Anemones." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10813607.
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Cnidarians are predators that use specialized stinging cells to produce cnidocysts. Cnidocysts are membrane-bound organelles consisting of a capsule and an eversible tubule. Cnidocysts are produced and employed for prey capture, defense, and attachment to substrates. Discharge of cnidocytes is regulated by mechanoreceptors called hair bundles. Hair bundles arise from hair cells and are used to detect vibrations from prey to maximize cnidocyst discharge for prey capture. Sea anemones are cnidarians that often live in tightly packed spaces on hard substrates. They often interact with individuals who they recognize as self (clone or conspecific) and non-self (interspecific) by coming into contact with tentacles or body columns of these individuals. The sea anemone can aggressively or passively interact with neighboring anemones by discharging cnidocyst or by employing other effector responses, largely depending on self/non-self recognition. In Chapter 2, experimental results indicate nematocyst discharge, spirocyst discharge, and tentacle contraction are depressed when compared to controls when sea anemones are exposed to conspecific stimuli. Furthermore, nematocyst discharge, spirocyst discharge, and tentacle contraction are enhanced compared to control responses when sea anemones are exposed to interspecific stimuli. Changes that corals undergo as a result of coral bleaching are important to understand. A sea anemone is used as a model to understand these changes. In Chapter 3, experimental results show the changes to the cnidom in sea anemones that occur as a result of bleaching (becoming aposymbiotic). Aposymbiotic anemones have fewer and smaller penetrant type cnidocysts. Also, these changes were rescued to symbiotic levels when aposymbiotic anemones were supplemented with maximal nutrition. These data indicate that the cnidom is dependent on nutritional availability in aposymbiotic anemones. In Chapter 4, the effects of symbiotic state on prey capture and nematocyst integrity were examined. Aposymbiotic anemones have more, longer hair bundles as compared to symbiotic anemones. Aposymbiotic anemones have fivefold more deformed acontial mastigophores as compared to symbiotic anemones. Aposymbiotic anemones had 30% less prey capture success as compared to symbiotic anemones. Taken together, the results of Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 indicate that the changes observed in aposymbiotic anemone?s cnidom and hair bundle morphology result in a less successful prey capture as compared to symbiotic anemones.
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Seth, Meetu. "Functions of Argonaute Proteins in Self Versus Non-Self Recognition in the C. elegans Germline: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/874.
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Organisms employ sophisticated mechanisms to silence foreign nucleic acid, such as viruses and transposons. Evidence exists for pathways that sense copy number, unpaired DNA, or aberrant RNA (e.g., dsRNA), but the mechanisms that distinguish “self” from “non-self” are not well understood. Our studies on transgene silencing in C. elegans have uncovered an RNA surveillance system in which the PIWI protein, PRG-1, uses a vast repertoire of piRNAs to recognize foreign transcripts and to initiate epigenetic silencing. Partial base pairing by piRNAs is sufficient to guide PRG-1 targeting. PRG-1 in turn recruits RdRP to synthesize perfectly matching antisense siRNAs (22G-RNAs) that are loaded onto worm-specific Argonaute (WAGO) proteins. WAGOs collaborate with chromatin factors to maintain epigenetic silencing (RNAe). Since mismatches are allowed during piRNA targeting, piRNAs could—in theory— target any transcript expressed in the germline, but germline genes are not subject to silencing by RNAe. Moreover, some foreign sequences are expressed and appear to be adopted as “self.” How are “self” transcripts distinguished from foreign transcripts? We have found that another Argonaute, CSR-1, and its siRNAs—also synthesized by RdRP—protect endogenous genes from silencing by RNAe. We refer to this pathway as RNA-mediated gene activation (RNAa). Reducing CSR-1 or PRG-1 or increasing piRNA targeting can shift the balance towards expression or silencing, indicating that PRG-1 and CSR-1 compete for control over their targets. Thus worms have evolved a remarkable nucleic acids immunity mechanism in which opposing Argonaute pathways generate and maintain epigenetic memories of self and non-self nucleotide sequences.
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Seth, Meetu. "Functions of Argonaute Proteins in Self Versus Non-Self Recognition in the C. elegans Germline: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2016. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/874.
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Organisms employ sophisticated mechanisms to silence foreign nucleic acid, such as viruses and transposons. Evidence exists for pathways that sense copy number, unpaired DNA, or aberrant RNA (e.g., dsRNA), but the mechanisms that distinguish “self” from “non-self” are not well understood. Our studies on transgene silencing in C. elegans have uncovered an RNA surveillance system in which the PIWI protein, PRG-1, uses a vast repertoire of piRNAs to recognize foreign transcripts and to initiate epigenetic silencing. Partial base pairing by piRNAs is sufficient to guide PRG-1 targeting. PRG-1 in turn recruits RdRP to synthesize perfectly matching antisense siRNAs (22G-RNAs) that are loaded onto worm-specific Argonaute (WAGO) proteins. WAGOs collaborate with chromatin factors to maintain epigenetic silencing (RNAe). Since mismatches are allowed during piRNA targeting, piRNAs could—in theory— target any transcript expressed in the germline, but germline genes are not subject to silencing by RNAe. Moreover, some foreign sequences are expressed and appear to be adopted as “self.” How are “self” transcripts distinguished from foreign transcripts? We have found that another Argonaute, CSR-1, and its siRNAs—also synthesized by RdRP—protect endogenous genes from silencing by RNAe. We refer to this pathway as RNA-mediated gene activation (RNAa). Reducing CSR-1 or PRG-1 or increasing piRNA targeting can shift the balance towards expression or silencing, indicating that PRG-1 and CSR-1 compete for control over their targets. Thus worms have evolved a remarkable nucleic acids immunity mechanism in which opposing Argonaute pathways generate and maintain epigenetic memories of self and non-self nucleotide sequences.
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Wu, Jennifer Donglan. "Non-self recognition in filamentous fungi : the het-c mediated vegetative incompatibility in neurospora crassa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/NQ48740.pdf.
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Copps, Emily Caroline. "Interpersonal Functions of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Their Relationship to Facial Emotion Recognition and Social Problem-Solving." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1548244030168887.
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Ziebell, Laura. "Facial Emotion Recognition and Reflexive Facial Mimicry in Individuals with a History of Non-suicidal Self-injury." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41905.
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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been regarded as a dysfunctional coping strategy for managing intensely difficult feelings and is a growing area of concern in clinical and non-clinical populations alike. Individuals who engage in NSSI often report significant interpersonal difficulties, with studies showing that they have impaired social interactions. Attending to the emotional expressions of others is important for appropriate social functioning, and subtly mimicking the expressions of others is an unconscious behaviour that encourages empathy and interpersonal bonding. Differences in emotion recognition and reflection can impact social behaviour, yet little research has assessed how individuals with a history of NSSI (HNSSI) process facial expressions of emotion. In this thesis, the results of three studies designed to investigate potential differences in emotion recognition and emotion mimicry in individuals with a history of NSSI compared to controls are reported. Results from Study 1 revealed that when presented with colourful, dynamic morphing stimuli showing emotional expressions, HNSSI participants were able to correctly categorize negative expressions like anger, disgust, sadness, and the ambiguous emotion of surprise at a lower stimulus intensity compared to controls; They also correctly categorized fear with greater accuracy, though at the same intensity as controls. However, in Study 2, when static, greyscale images were obscured with varying levels of fractal noise, HNSSI individuals did not show superior signal-proportion thresholds. These results may suggest that higher-order elements of visual and cognitive processing are evoked by more realistic social stimuli. In the third study, HNSSI participants were found to produce significantly less electrical activity in the corrugator muscle in response to viewing angry stimuli, and significantly less of an expected relaxation in muscle activity in response to viewing happy stimuli. Complementing these results, it was found that endorsing social influence as a motivator for engaging in NSSI was associated with less mimicry, whereas endorsing emotion regulation as a motivator was associated with greater incongruent muscle response when viewing happy faces. These observed differences in facial mimicry between HNSSI and controls may be related to some of the observed relationship difficulties experienced by this group. Results from this research may help us to better understand NSSI behaviour, as well as help to inform and further develop therapies intended to address it.
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Scholtes, Jan Felix [Verfasser], and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Trapp. "Chiral induction in stereodynamic catalysts by non-covalent interactions : ligand design, supramolecular self-recognition, deracemization and enantioselective self-inhibition / Jan Felix Scholtes ; Betreuer: Oliver Trapp." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188564129/34.
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Gascoyne, Daniel T. "Learning and recognition by a dynamical system with a plastic velocity field." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/20101.
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Learning is a mechanism intrinsic to all sentient biological systems. Despite the diverse range of paradigms that exist, it appears that an artificial system has yet to be developed that can emulate learning with a comparable degree of accuracy or efficiency to the human brain. With the development of new approaches comes the opportunity to reduce this disparity in performance. A model presented by Janson and Marsden [arXiv:1107.0674 (2011)] (Memory foam model) redefines the critical features that an intelligent system should demonstrate. Rather than focussing on the topological constraints of the rigid neuron structure, the emphasis is placed on the on-line, unsupervised, classification, retention and recognition of stimuli. In contrast to traditional AI approaches, the system s memory is not plagued by spurious attractors or the curse of dimensionality. The ability to continuously learn, whilst simultaneously recognising aspects of a stimuli ensures that this model more closely embodies the operations occurring in the brain than many other AI approaches. Here we consider the pertinent deficiencies of classical artificial learning models before introducing and developing this memory foam self-shaping system. As this model is relatively new, its limitations are not yet apparent. These must be established by testing the model in various complex environments. Here we consider its ability to learn and recognize the RGB colours composing cartoons as observed via a web-camera. The self-shaping vector field of the system is shown to adjust its composition to reflect the distribution of three-dimensional inputs. The model builds a memory of its experiences and is shown to recognize unfamiliar colours by locating the most appropriate class with which to associate a stimuli. In addition, we discuss a method to map a three-dimensional RGB input onto a line spectrum of colours. The corresponding reduction of the models dimensions is shown to dramatically improve computational speed, however, the model is then restricted to a much smaller set of representable colours. This models prototype offers a gradient description of recognition, it is evident that a more complex, non-linear alternative may be used to better characterize the classes of the system. It is postulated that non-linear attractors may be utilized to convey the concept of hierarchy that relates the different classes of the system. We relate the dynamics of the van der Pol oscillator to this plastic self-shaping system, first demonstrating the recognition of stimuli with limit cycle trajectories. The location and frequency of each cycle is dependent on the topology of the systems energy potential. For a one-dimensional stimuli the dynamics are restricted to the cycle, the extension of the model to an N dimensional stimuli is approached via the coupling of N oscillators. Here we study systems of up to three mutually coupled oscillators and relate limit cycles, fixed points and quasi-periodic orbits to the recognition of stimuli.
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Kashapov, Ruslan R., Tatiana N. Pashirova, Sergey V. Kharlamov, Albina Yu Ziganshina, Elena P. Ziltsova, Svetlana S. Lukashenko, Lucia Ya Zakharova, Wolf D. Habicher, Shamil K. Latypov, and Alexander I. Konovalov. "Novel self-assembling system based on resorcinarene and cationic surfactant." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-138802.
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Mixed association of calix[4]resorcinarene with ethyl sulfonate groups on the lower rim and dimethylaminomethyl groups on the upper rim (CR) and cationic surfactant 4-aza-1-hexadecyl-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide (DABCO-16) is studied by methods of tensiometry, conductometry, potentiometry and NMR spectroscopy at fixed CR concentration and varied surfactant concentration. Beyond ca. 0.4 mM of DABCO-16, mixed aggregates enriched by CR are proved to be formed due to electrostatic forces, while beyond ca. 5 mM, aggregates enriched by surfactant occur due to the hydrophobic effect. Spectrophotometry monitoring of the solubilization of a hydrophobic dye, Orange OT, demonstrated that only the second type of mixed aggregate enriched by DABCO-16 is capable of binding the organic probe, while the mixed system where the surfactant is a minor component shows no binding capacity towards Orange OT. This finding can be used for the design of nanocontainers with controllable binding/release propertiesDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Mahana, Wahib. "Etude de la reconnaissance des antigenes du soi par les autoanticorps naturels." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077130.
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Calder, Andrew J. "Self priming in face recognition." Thesis, Durham University, 1993. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5787/.
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Recently Burton, Bruce and Johnston (1990) have presented an interactive activation and competition model of face recognition. They have shown that this IAC model presents a parsimonious account of semantic and repetition priming effects with faces. In addition, a number of new predictions are evident from the model's structure. One such prediction is highlighted by Burton et al. themselves - that for short prime-target stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) a face should prime the recognition of a target name (or vice versa), 'self priming'. This thesis examined this prediction and found that it held for a design in which items were repeated across prime type conditions (same, associated, neutral and unrelated). Further, cross (face prime/name target) and within-domain (name prime/name target) designs were found to produce equivalent degrees of self and semantic priming (Experiments 1 and 2). Closer examination of the Burton et al. model suggested that the effect of domain equivalence for self priming should not hold for a design in which the stimulus items are not repeated across prime type conditions (i.e. subjects are presented with each item only once). This prediction was confirmed in Experiments 3, 4, 5 and 6.The time courses of self and semantic priming were investigated in two experiments where the interstimulus interval (ISI) between prime and target, and prime presentation times were varied. The results proved difficult to accommodate within the Burton et al. model, but it is argued that they did not provide a sufficient basis on which to reject the model. Finally, the self priming paradigm was applied to the study of distinctiveness effects. Faces judged to be distinctive in appearance were found to produce more facilitation than faces judged to be typical in appearance. Similarly, caricatured representation of faces were found to produce more facilitation than veridical or anticaricatured representations. The results of the distinctiveness studies are discussed in terms of the Valentine's (1991a; 1991b) exemplar-based coding model and Burton, Bruce and Johnston's (1990) IAC implementation. It is concluded that the results of these experiments lend support to the Burton et al. model.
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Bachmann, Martin. "Antigen repetitiveness as a self/non-self discriminator /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10981.
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ZHOU, YIFAN. "SELF-ASSEMBLY AND SELF-RECOGNITION BEHAVIORS OF AMPHIPHILIC MACROMOLECULES IN SOLUTION." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1619093496152417.
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Taeger, Sebastian. "Selbstorganisation von Kohlenstoffnanoröhren zu Feldeffekttransistoren." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1208376381802-17632.
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Kohlenstoffnanoröhren (engl. carbon nanotubes, CNT) verfügen über eine Vielzahl von herausragenden und möglicherweise nutzbringenden Eigenschaften. Die kontrollierte Integration von CNT in technische Systeme stellt noch immer eine große Herausforderung dar. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden neue Methoden für den Aufbau von Strukturen und Bauelementen aus CNT entwickelt, die auf Selbstorganisation bzw. bottom-up assembly basieren. Dabei kamen sowohl biochemische als auch physikalische Verfahren zum Einsatz. Einzelsträngige DNA wurde verwendet um CNT in wässrigen Medien zu suspendieren und zu vereinzeln. Beides sind wichtige Voraussetzungen, um die günstigen elektronischen Eigenschaften der CNT zugänglich zu machen. DNA-CNT-Suspensionen wurden sowohl spektroskopisch in ihrer Gesamtheit als auch kraftmikroskopisch auf molekularer Ebene untersucht. So konnten wesentliche Parameter des Herstellungsprozesses optimiert werden, um Suspensionen mit einem hohen Gehalt an langen, sauberen, vereinzelten CNT zu erhalten. Durch die Verwendung von funktionalisierten DNA-Molekülen ist es gelungen, Halbleiterquantenpunkte und Goldkolloide an CNT anzubinden. Im Fall der Quantenpunkte gelang dies mit Hilfe der Biotin-Streptavidin Bindung unter Anwendung des Prinzips der molekularen Erkennung. Die Anbindung dieser Nanopartikel kann als Prototyp für den DNA-vermittelten Strukturaufbau aus CNT angesehen werden. Zur Deposition von CNT in Elektrodenstrukturen wurde ein auf Dielektrophorese beruhendes Verfahren eingesetzt. Dabei ist es gelungen, die wesentlichen Parameter zu identifizieren, die für die Morphologie der abgeschiedenen CNT entscheidend sind. So konnte die Dichte der CNT-Verbindungen zwischen Elektroden von einzelnen Verbindungen über wenige bis hin zu sehr vielen parallel assemblierten CNT eingestellt werden. Durch ein sich selbst steuerndes Hintereinanderlagern von CNT war es möglich auch Elektroden zu verbinden, deren Abstand größer war als die Länge der verwendeten CNT. Durch gezieltes Eliminieren metallischer CNT-Strompfade nach der Deposition ist es gelungen, CNT-Feldeffekttransistoren (CNT-FETs) mit Schaltverhältnissen von bis zu sieben Dekaden herzustellen. Auch dieses Verfahren ist skalierbar und unkompliziert, da es sich selbst steuert. Es ist skalierbar und deshalb auch für technische Anwendungen geeignet. An Hand des Beispiels der Detektion von Ethanoldampf konnte gezeigt werden, dass die über Dielektrophorese aufgebauten CNT-FETs auch als Sensoren eingesetzt werden können. Durch eine Kombination der dielektrophoretischen Deposition von CNT und dem dielektrophoretisch gesteuerten Wachstum metallischer Nanodrähte konnte eine neuartige Hybridstruktur aus CNT und Palladium-Nanodrähten erzeugt werden. Ein solches Verfahren ist eine Voraussetzung für den Aufbau integrierter nanoskaliger Schaltkreise. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse zeigen zahlreiche Möglichkeiten auf, verschiedenartige nanoskopische Objekte miteinander integrieren, um neue Anwendungen zu ermöglichen.
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Kozelkova, Maria E. "Protein Recognition by Self-organizing Sensors." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1371479338.
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Cook, R. "Visuomotor correspondence in imitation and self-recognition." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1338142/.
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In order to imitate the actions of others actors must solve the visuomotor correspondence problem: Visual representations of actions must somehow be ‘matched-up’ with their corresponding motor programs. In addition, hypothesised motor contributions to perception require a solution to the reverse motor-to-visual correspondence problem. This thesis is concerned with the origins of visuomotor correspondence knowledge – how actors match visual representations of actions to the corresponding motor representations. Chapter 1 describes rival accounts of the acquisition of visuomotor correspondence knowledge and evaluates the evidence for each. Two types of theory are reviewed: Associative solutions - which argue that correlated sensorimotor experience is necessary to link visual and motor representations - and nativist solutions - which posit innate visuomotor links or innate means to achieve such connections. The first two empirical chapters address previous findings that appear to challenge associative accounts. Experiments 1 and 2 (Chapter 2) sought a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating superior recognition of self-produced movements relative to those produced by friends. Experiments 3 and 4 (Chapter 3) sought to identify the conditions necessary for the refinement of visuomotor correspondences. The results from these experiments indicate that our ability to match observed and executed actions is mediated by links acquired associatively during correlated sensorimotor experience. Chapters 4 and 5 sought to determine which associative solution best describes the acquisition of visuomotor links. Experiments 5 and 6 (Chapter 4) tested whether the acquisition of visuomotor links is sensitive to contingency, while Experiments 7 and 8 (Chapter 5) sought to determine whether ‘second-learned’ visuomotor links are subject to contextual modulation. The results from both chapters suggest that the acquisition of visuomotor links conforms to the principles of associative learning established through the study of conditioning in humans and animals.
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Johnson, Keith. "Comparing FAST Proficiency of Self vs Non-Self Models of Training." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627173.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.The increase in available ultrasound technology has allowed healthcare professionals to begin learning the skills to use it starting early in their training and careers. The best methods of training to increase proficiency in its use have not been investigated, however. This study compares two different training methods of the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST). First year medical students were randomized into two groups; one who trained using a conventional live human model and the other who trained using themselves as the model. Both groups were then assessed on a non-self live human model and scored based on time to completion of the FAST and the ability to identify pertinent anatomic landmarks. There was no significant difference in mean scores between both groups. The non-self training group was significantly faster than the self training group. This suggests that the conventional training model remains the best method for increasing proficiency in the FAST exam, although there are significant limitations and further investigations are needed.
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Chu, Irene, and M. C. Vu. "The nature of the self, self‑regulation and moral action: implications from the Confucian relational self and Buddhist non‑self." Springer, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18514.
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YesThe concept of the self and its relation to moral action is complex and subject to varying interpretations, not only between different academic disciplines but also across time and space. This paper presents empirical evidence from a cross-cultural study on the Buddhist and Confucian notions of self in SMEs in Vietnam and Taiwan. The study employs Hwang’s Mandala Model of the Self, and its extension into Shiah’s non-self-model, to interpret how these two Eastern philosophical representations of the self, the Confucian relational self and Buddhist non-self, can lead to moral action. By demonstrating the strengths of the model, emphasizing how social and cultural influences constrain the individual self and promote the social person leading to moral action, the paper extends understanding of the self with empirical evidence of the mechanisms involved in organizational contexts
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Sulak, Bilge. "Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, Anxiety, and Self-Esteem among Undergraduate College Students." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1427382976.
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Khan, Umair. "Self-supervised deep learning approaches to speaker recognition." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671496.
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In speaker recognition, i-vectors have been the state-of-the-art unsupervised technique over the last few years, whereas x-vectors is becoming the state-of-the-art supervised technique, these days. Recent advances in Deep Learning (DL) approaches to speaker recognition have improved the performance but are constrained to the need of labels for the background data. In practice, labeled background data is not easily accessible, especially when large training data is required. In i-vector based speaker recognition, cosine and Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis (PLDA) are the two basic scoring techniques. Cosine scoring is unsupervised whereas PLDA parameters are typically trained using speaker-labeled background data. This makes a big performance gap between these two scoring techniques. The question is: how to fill this performance gap without using speaker labels for the background data? In this thesis, the above mentioned problem has been addressed using DL approaches without using and/or limiting the use of labeled background data. Three DL based proposals have been made.
In the first proposal, a Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) vector representation of speech is proposed for the tasks of speaker clustering and tracking in TV broadcast shows. This representation is referred to as RBM vector. The experiments on AGORA database show that in speaker clustering the RBM vectors gain a relative improvement of 12% in terms of Equal Impurity (EI). For speaker tracking task RBM vectors are used only in the speaker identification part, where the relative improvement in terms of Equal Error Rate (EER) is 11% and 7% using cosine and PLDA scoring, respectively.
In the second proposal, DL approaches are proposed in order to increase the discriminative power of i-vectors in speaker verification. We have proposed the use of autoencoder in several ways. Firstly, an autoencoder will be used as a pre-training for a Deep Neural Network (DNN) using a large amount of unlabeled background data. Then, a DNN classifier will be trained using relatively small labeled data. Secondly, an autoencoder will be trained to transform i-vectors into a new representation to increase their discriminative power. The training will be carried out based on the nearest neighbor i-vectors which will be chosen in an unsupervised manner. The evaluation was performed on VoxCeleb-1 database. The results show that using the first system, we gain a relative improvement of 21% in terms of EER, over i-vector/PLDA. Whereas, using the second system, a relative improvement of 42% is gained. If we use the background data in the testing part, a relative improvement of 53% is gained.
In the third proposal, we will train a self-supervised end-to-end speaker verification system. The idea is to utilize impostor samples along with the nearest neighbor samples to make client/impostor pairs in an unsupervised manner. The architecture will be based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) encoder, trained as a siamese network with two branch networks. Another network with three branches will also be trained using triplet loss, in order to extract unsupervised speaker embeddings. The experimental results show that both the end-to-end system and the speaker embeddings, despite being unsupervised, show a comparable performance to the supervised baseline. Moreover, their score combination can further improve the performance.
The proposed approaches for speaker verification have respective pros and cons. The best result was obtained using the nearest neighbor autoencoder with a disadvantage of relying on background i-vectors in the testing. On the contrary, the autoencoder pre-training for DNN is not bound by this factor but is a semi-supervised approach. The third proposal is free from both these constraints and performs pretty reasonably. It is a self-supervised approach and it does not require the background i-vectors in the testing phase.Los avances recientes en Deep Learning (DL) para el reconocimiento del hablante están mejorado el rendimiento de los sistemas tradicionales basados en i-vectors. En el reconocimiento de locutor basado en i-vectors, la distancia coseno y el análisis discriminante lineal probabilístico (PLDA) son las dos técnicas más usadas de puntuación. La primera no es supervisada, pero la segunda necesita datos etiquetados por el hablante, que no son siempre fácilmente accesibles en la práctica. Esto crea una gran brecha de rendimiento entre estas dos técnicas de puntuación. La pregunta es: ¿cómo llenar esta brecha de rendimiento sin usar etiquetas del hablante en los datos de background? En esta tesis, el problema anterior se ha abordado utilizando técnicas de DL sin utilizar y/o limitar el uso de datos etiquetados. Se han realizado tres propuestas basadas en DL. En la primera, se propone una representación vectorial de voz basada en la máquina de Boltzmann restringida (RBM) para las tareas de agrupación de hablantes y seguimiento de hablantes en programas de televisión. Los experimentos en la base de datos AGORA, muestran que en agrupación de hablantes los vectores RBM suponen una mejora relativa del 12%. Y, por otro lado, en seguimiento del hablante, los vectores RBM,utilizados solo en la etapa de identificación del hablante, muestran una mejora relativa del 11% (coseno) y 7% (PLDA). En la segunda, se utiliza DL para aumentar el poder discriminativo de los i-vectors en la verificación del hablante. Se ha propuesto el uso del autocodificador de varias formas. En primer lugar, se utiliza un autocodificador como preentrenamiento de una red neuronal profunda (DNN) utilizando una gran cantidad de datos de background sin etiquetar, para posteriormente entrenar un clasificador DNN utilizando un conjunto reducido de datos etiquetados. En segundo lugar, se entrena un autocodificador para transformar i-vectors en una nueva representación para aumentar el poder discriminativo de los i-vectors. El entrenamiento se lleva a cabo en base a los i-vectors vecinos más cercanos, que se eligen de forma no supervisada. La evaluación se ha realizado con la base de datos VoxCeleb-1. Los resultados muestran que usando el primer sistema obtenemos una mejora relativa del 21% sobre i-vectors, mientras que usando el segundo sistema, se obtiene una mejora relativa del 42%. Además, si utilizamos los datos de background en la etapa de prueba, se obtiene una mejora relativa del 53%. En la tercera, entrenamos un sistema auto-supervisado de verificación de locutor de principio a fin. Utilizamos impostores junto con los vecinos más cercanos para formar pares cliente/impostor sin supervisión. La arquitectura se basa en un codificador de red neuronal convolucional (CNN) que se entrena como una red siamesa con dos ramas. Además, se entrena otra red con tres ramas utilizando la función de pérdida triplete para extraer embeddings de locutores. Los resultados muestran que tanto el sistema de principio a fin como los embeddings de locutores, a pesar de no estar supervisados, tienen un rendimiento comparable a una referencia supervisada. Cada uno de los enfoques propuestos tienen sus pros y sus contras. El mejor resultado se obtuvo utilizando el autocodificador con el vecino más cercano, con la desventaja de que necesita los i-vectors de background en el test. El uso del preentrenamiento del autocodificador para DNN no tiene este problema, pero es un enfoque semi-supervisado, es decir, requiere etiquetas de hablantes solo de una parte pequeña de los datos de background. La tercera propuesta no tienes estas dos limitaciones y funciona de manera razonable. Es un en
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Abdelwahab, Manal M. "SELF DESIGNING PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEM EMPLOYING MULTISTAGE CLASSIFICATION." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4479.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, pattern recognition/classification has received a considerable attention in diverse engineering fields such as biomedical imaging, speaker identification, fingerprint recognition, etc. In most of these applications, it is desirable to maintain the classification accuracy in the presence of corrupted and/or incomplete data. The quality of a given classification technique is measured by the computational complexity, execution time of algorithms, and the number of patterns that can be classified correctly despite any distortion. Some classification techniques that are introduced in the literature are described in Chapter one. In this dissertation, a pattern recognition approach that can be designed to have evolutionary learning by developing the features and selecting the criteria that are best suited for the recognition problem under consideration is proposed. Chapter two presents some of the features used in developing the set of criteria employed by the system to recognize different types of signals. It also presents some of the preprocessing techniques used by the system. The system operates in two modes, namely, the learning (training) mode, and the running mode. In the learning mode, the original and preprocessed signals are projected into different transform domains. The technique automatically tests many criteria over the range of parameters for each criterion. A large number of criteria are developed from the features extracted from these domains. The optimum set of criteria, satisfying specific conditions, is selected. This set of criteria is employed by the system to recognize the original or noisy signals in the running mode. The modes of operation and the classification structures employed by the system are described in details in Chapter three. The proposed pattern recognition system is capable of recognizing an enormously large number of patterns by virtue of the fact that it analyzes the signal in different domains and explores the distinguishing characteristics in each of these domains. In other words, this approach uses available information and extracts more characteristics from the signals, for classification purposes, by projecting the signal in different domains. Some experimental results are given in Chapter four showing the effect of using mathematical transforms in conjunction with preprocessing techniques on the classification accuracy. A comparison between some of the classification approaches, in terms of classification rate in case of distortion, is also given. A sample of experimental implementations is presented in chapter 5 and chapter 6 to illustrate the performance of the proposed pattern recognition system. Preliminary results given confirm the superior performance of the proposed technique relative to the single transform neural network and multi-input neural network approaches for image classification in the presence of additive noise.Ph.D.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
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Revell, David Jon. "Self-assembled monolayers : spectroscopic characterisation and molecular recognition." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302080.
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Sundaram, Anand R. K. "Vowel recognition using Kohonen's self-organizing feature maps /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10710.
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Branda, Neil R. (Neil Robin). "Synthetic recognition systems : self-assembly and metal chelation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17367.
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Rudman, Neville. "Self-efficacy and the recognition of prior learning." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/689.
Full textAbstract:
The Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL), a mechanism grounded in the educational transformational policies of the African National Congress to redress the historical legacy of Apartheid, is a relatively new (and often contested) concept in South Africa. This research endeavors to investigate the effect of a module, which forms part of a B.Ed (upgrade) programme and is based on the processes and principles of RPL, on students’ (in-service teachers’) self-efficacy and their skills in terms of the development and execution of work schedules and lesson plans (the RPL-focus of the module). The methodology includes the gathering of quantitative and qualitative data through the administering of pre- and post- self-efficacy questionnaires, assessment of the portfolios of evidence produced by the students, and the feedback obtained from the focus-group interviews. The data indicate a statistically significant improvement in the participating students’ self-efficacy and draw attention to the negative issue of context in previously disadvantaged South African schools. The significance of this research lies not only in the interrogation of an innovative approach to dealing with RPL issues in an academic programme, and its possible influence on teacher self-efficacy, but also in its contribution to the academic debate about the RPL process which is currently taking place both locally and internationally.
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Kostadinov, Dimitar. "Mechanism and Function of Dendritic Self-Avoidance and Self/non-Self Discrimination in the Mammalian Nervous System." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845402.
Full textAbstract:
Dendritic and axonal arbors of many neuronal types exhibit self-avoidance, a phenomenon in which branches repel each other. This process ensures that individual neurons cover all parts of their territory uniformly. Some neurons that self-avoid overlap with neighbors of the same type, suggesting that nominally identical neurons are immune to each other’s repellent forces, a phenomenon called self/non-self discrimination. Here, I describe the roles of the 22 clustered gamma-Protocadherin (Pcdhg) recognition molecules in dendritic self-avoidance and self/non-self discrimination of mammalian neurons, and the roles of these phenomena in a retinal circuit.
First, I present studies showing that Pcdhgs are necessary for dendritic self-avoidance and self/non-self discrimination of retinal starburst amacrine cells (SACs) and cerebellar Purkinje cells. Using loss and gain of function experiments, we showed that no single Pcdhg isoform is necessary and any Pcdhg isoform is sufficient to mediate self-avoidance. However, forcing neighboring SACs to express a single Pcdhg decreases their overlap. Thus, Pcdhg diversity is necessary for SACs to avoid their own dendrites, but interact with their neighbors (self/non-self discrimination).
Second, I describe the roles of self-avoidance and self/non-self discrimination in the function of a retinal direction-selective circuit that depends on SACs. Dendrites of SACs compute directional motion and endow classes of retinal ganglion cells with this property by inhibiting them asymmetrically during visual motion. In addition, SACs form inhibitory synapses in order to sharpen each other’s direction-selectivity. I present findings that elucidate the roles self-avoidance and self/non-self discrimination in the function of this direction-selective circuit: (1) In the absence of self-avoidance, SACs form synapses with their own dendrites. (2) In the absence of self/non-self discrimination, SACs form few synapses with each other, (3) Loss of either self-avoidance or self/non-self discrimination degrades directional responses of ganglion cells.
Lastly, I describe initial efforts to understand the combinatorial roles of all clustered Pcdh family members, which also include 14 alpha- and 22 beta-Protocadherins (Pcdhas and Pcdhbs, respectively). We used CRISPR-mediated genome engineering to generate Pcdha/Pcdhg double mutants. Initial analysis shows that their defects are more striking than those of either Pcdha or Pcdhg mutants, suggesting redundancy between these two subclusters.Medical Sciences
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Heffernan, David John. "Some non self-adjoint limit algebras." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306890.
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Pellizzaro, Maria Louise. "Development of building blocks exhibiting self-sorting molecular recognition properties : towards coded self-assembly processes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2281/.
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Biology can achieve phenomenal information storage/processing capabilities from just four hydrogen bonding molecules. The orthogonal self-sorting of these four hydrogen bonding motifs is achieved alongside the hydrophobic collapse of the DNA backbone. Orthogonal self-sorting without the aid of a polymer backbone is dicult to achieve, as shown by the minimal examples of self-sorting hydrogen bonding motifs available in the literature. This thesis describes the design, synthesis and binding studies of molecules that are capable of orthogonal self-sorting, without a preorganising backbone and begins to use them in a signalling cascade. In Chapter 2 ureidoimidazole, a conformer independent triple hydrogen-bond array, is introduced. Studies were carried out to investigate what effect, if any, preorganisation using intramolecular hydrogen bonding had on the binding affnity of triply hydrogen bonded complexes. Chapter 3 investigates another factor that can effect the binding affnity of complexes,the remote substituent effect. Two series of complementary molecules were synthesised so that they contained a variety of electron donating/withdrawing groups and the effect that these had on the binding affnity of the complex was measured. Chapter 4 describes a novel quadruple hydrogen-bond array, which was designed to interact strongly with its complementary partner. It was found that a combination of effects (differences in geometry and undesired conformers being favoured) lead to a low binding affnity being observed. Chapter 5 begins to investigate non-linear arrays, however none of those proposed were able to form heterodimers. Therefore a self-sorting system was assembled using a triple and quadruple hydrogen-bonded array. High fidelity interactions were achieved, even though it was possible to form undesired complexes. These undesired molecular interactions were exploited in Chapter 5, where a signalling cascade is described. Careful planning of the order in which to add the molecules can give different routes in which to achieve the self-sorting system, each with it's own fidelity trace. A photolabile tag was introduced to one of the molecules so that a photosensitive system could be achieved.
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Motan, Irem. "Recognition Of Self Conscious Emotions In Relation To Psychopathology." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609222/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study is to discover nonverbal, bodily gesture and contextual cues indicating self-conscious emotions and use these clues to examine personal differences and psychopathological symptoms. Moreover, possible effects of cultural differences on self-conscious emotions&rsquorecognition and their relation to psychopathology are meant to be discussed. To achieve aforementioned goals, the study is partitioned into three separate but interdependent phases. The aim of the study is scale adaptation for which the State Shame and Guilt Scale, Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3, Guilt- Shame Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory are applied to a group of 250 university students. The second study&rsquo
s objective is to determine the nonverbal expressions used in recognition of self-conscious emotions. To meet this goal, 5 TAT cards, whose compatibility with the research questions is verified, are applied to 45 university students in separate sessions by using close ended questions. In the third part of the study, 9 TAT cards, which include clues about recognition and nonverbal expressions of self-conscious emotions, adapted corresponding scales, and a psychopathological symptoms measuring scale (SCL-90) in self-report format are applied on a group of 250 university students. Factor and correlation analyses done in the first part reveal that adapted scales are reliable and valid, while group comparisons and measurements of the second part indicate differences in emotions. Findings reveal that shame can be recognized by nonverbal expressions whereas for guilt contextual clues are facilitated. In the third part, group comparisons and regression analyses, which are done in order to reveal self-conscious emotions&rsquo
recognition and their significant relationships with psychopathology, display that state self-conscious emotions and shame-proneness have very important roles on psychopathology. All these findings are discussed in the light of cultural effects.
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Chong, Justin Brandon. "Activity Recognition Processing in a Self-Contained Wearable System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35141.
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Electronic textiles provide an eective platform to contain wearable computing elements, espe-
cially components geared towards the application of activity recognition. An activity recogni-
tion system built into a wearable textile substrate can be utilized in a variety of areas including
health monitoring, military applications, entertainment, and fashion. Many of the activity
recognition and motion capture systems previously developed have several drawbacks and lim-
itations with regard to their respective designs and implementations. Some such systems are
often times expensive, not conducive to mass production, and may be dicult to calibrate.
An eective system must also be scalable and should be deployable in a variety of environ-
ments and contexts. This thesis presents the design and implementation of a self-contained
motion sensing wearable electronic textile system with an emphasis toward the application of
activity recognition. The system is developed with scalability and deployability in mind, and
as such, utilizes a two-tier hierarchical model combined with a network infrastructure and
wireless connectivity. An example prototype system, in the form of a jumpsuit garment, is
presented and is constructed from relatively inexpensive components and materials.Master of Science
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Thom, James Andrew. "Self-assembly and anion recognition with binuclear lanthanide complexes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:20de876d-0a52-4f11-82b7-922fc3e2ee45.
Full textAbstract:
This work describes an investigation into the solution-phase binding of anionic guests by bimacrocyclic lanthanide complexes. It outlines the preparation of different classes of complexes bearing two metallic domains, and the effects of association on both the complex and the guest. Chapter one provides a cursory introduction to the fundamental properties of the lanthanides with a focus on luminescence. A brief literature review is given on the use of emissive lanthanide probes for the sensing of analytes. Chapter two concerns the preparation and properties of a series of binuclear complexes in which the two centres are linked with a short spacer group, with the aim of selectively sequestering small anions such as the halides in solution. The concept of luminescence titration will be introduced and then used to assess the binding parameters of a selection of guests. Chapter three describes a related class of ditopic lanthanide complexes in which the two metal centres are separated by a semi-rigid butyne linking group. Luminescence studies are again used to evaluate the binding constants of homologous series of dianions to ascertain how the size, geometry and functionalization of the anionic guest impacts on binding. Chapter four explores the coordination of phosphate species and assesses the ability to bind biologically significant phosphates of some of the complexes from Chapter 3. Chapter five details an investigation into the effects on guest-selectivity of further lengthening the linking unit which separates the two macrocyclic binding domains. Chapter six summarises the work done throughout the thesis and draws some overarching conclusions, as well as highlighting areas for further study. Chapter seven describes the experimental procedures.
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Allen, Melinda R. "Mirror self-recognition in a gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla)." FIU Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1066.
Full textAbstract:
Psychologists have studied self-recognition in human infants as an indication of self-knowledge (Amsterdam, 1972) and the development of abstract thought processes. Gallup (1970) modified the mark test used in human infant work to examine if nonhuman primates showed similar evidence of mirror self-recognition. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and orangutans (Pongo pygmnaeus) pass the mirror self-recognition test with limited mirror training or exposure. Other species of primates, such as gorillas and monkeys, have not passed the mirror test, despite extensive mirror exposure and training (Gallup, 1979). This project examined a gorilla (G. gorilla gorilla) named Otto in the traditional mark test. Using the modified mark-test, there were more incidents of touching the marked area while Otto was in front of the mirror than when he was not in front of the mirror. These results indicated that Otto was able to show some evidence of selfawareness.
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Lavery, Katherine Angela. "Self-management in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490038.
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Introduction: The emphasis on self-management of long-term conditions, including respiratory conditions, is growing. Patients with respiratory conditions often have to adhere to medical treatments to prevent ill health and promote good health. They have to deal with psychological and social needs and maintain effective communication with health ;are practitioners. The role of a self-management intervention is not known in the management of patients with bronchiectasis thus this thesis includes a series of studies investigating self-management in bronchiectasis. The programme of research follows the Medical Research Council framework for the design of complex interventions to improve health from the preclinical phase to phase II (Campbell, Fitzpatrick et al 2000).
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Nagy, Laura M. "AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SELF-COMPASSION AND SELF-CRITICISM ON IMPLICIT ASSOCIATIONS WITH NON-SUICIDAL SELF-INJURY." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/122.
Full textAbstract:
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the intentional destruction of bodily tissue in the absence of suicidal motives. NSSI is strongly associated with self-criticism (Gilbert et al., 2010) and individuals who self-injure often report doing so to punish themselves. Conversely, self-compassion, or the tendency to be caring with oneself, is associated with psychological well-being (Neff et al., 2007). The aim of the present study was to determine whether experimentally inducing self-criticism or self-compassion would lead to changes in implicit identification with NSSI. The Self-Injury Implicit Association Test (SI-IAT; Nock & Banaji, 2007) is an assessment of the strength of the automatic associations that a person holds between themselves and NSSI. Participants were randomly assigned to a self-criticism induction, a self-compassion induction, or a neutral condition and completed the SI-IAT before and after the induction. Results showed that participants in the self-criticism induction experienced an increase in their implicit associations with NSSI while implicit associations in the self-compassion and control conditions generally did not change. Results were not significantly different for those with or without a history of NSSI and highlight the importance of self-criticism in NSSI. Future research should examine increases in self-criticism as a potential precursor of NSSI in longitudinal samples.
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Holly, Shareen. "Non-suicidal self-injury among university students: examining emotion regulation, self-control, and social learning." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103472.
Full textAbstract:
Due to reports of high rates of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents and young adults in the community, researchers have begun to examine the role of risk factor and social influence of NSSI on the initiation and maintenance of these behaviours among youth. Despite numerous reports of the social factors that surround youth who engage in NSSI, the need for a more comprehensive understanding about the learning mechanisms involved in NSSI engagement has arisen. The present study sought to examine differences between groups of self-injurers and non-self-injurers on the dimensions of emotion regulation and self-control, as well as the presence of social learning related to NSSI. Additionally, the present study directly examined the predictive power of each variable with regard to the likelihood of initial engagement in NSSI, as well as high frequency NSSI. A series of psychosocial measures were completed by first-year university students, and results were compared across groups of self-injurers and non-self-injurers. Results indicated that self-injurers differed from non-self-injurers in all three areas examined, reporting more difficulties in emotion regulation and lower levels of self-control in most areas. In addition, self-injurers reported a higher level of social learning in two of the three areas of social learning examined. For initial NSSI engagement, social learning was found to be the strongest predictor, with emotion regulation also predicting NSSI to a lesser extent. In contrast, emotion regulation was the only variable that significantly predicted a self-injurer's likelihood of engaging in high frequency NSSI. Neither social learning nor self-control played a role in the occurrence of frequent NSSI among self-injurers. It is possible that for some, the first episode of NSSI may be related to either social learning factors, emotion regulations difficulties, or both, whereas the same behaviour may continue at a high frequency for reasons more closely tied to its emotion regulatory benefits. This shift in functional reinforcement is explored in relation to recent publications in the field, and implications for researchers and service providers are discussed.L'automutilation non-suicidaire (AMNS) est un phénomène qui prend de plus en plus d'ampleur chez nos jeunes. Certains chercheurs ont donc entamé des études, afin d'identifier les facteurs de risques et les influences sociales qui initient et encouragent l'AMNS dans cette portion de la population. Malgré les nombreux facteurs sociaux qui peuvent influencer un jeune à s'initier à l'AMNS, plusieurs scientifiques ont débuté des recherches plus approfondies sur les mécanismes d'apprentissages liés à l'AMNS. Ces dernières ont tenté d'établir des différences entre les groupes de personnes auto-blessantes et ceux qui ne s'auto-blessent pas. En particulier, dans le domaine de la maitrise de soi-même et de la capacité à régulariser leurs émotions ainsi que tous les facteurs sociaux qui pourraient inciter une personne à entamer l'AMNS. De plus, cette étude s'est penchée sur l'influence de chacun de ces facteurs dans sa contribution à l'initiation à l'AMNS et sa contribution aux fréquences élevées de l'utilisation de l'AMNS. Une série de mesures psychosociales a été complétée auprès d'étudiants dans leur première année universitaire dont la moitié s'identifiait comme personne qui pratique l'AMNS ou qui l'avait déjà pratiqué. Les résultats démontrent que les personnes auto-blessantes différaient des personnes qui ne s'auto-blessaient pas dans les trois domaines examinés, témoignant des difficultés à régulariser leurs émotions et à avoir moins de maitrise sur soi-même dans la plupart des domaines examinés. De plus, les personnes auto-blessantes subissent plus intensément l'influence sociale dans deux des trois domaines étudiés. Pour prédire l'engendrement de l'AMNS, la capacité de régulariser ses émotions et l'apprentissage sociale sont les facteurs prépondérants. Par contre, la maitrise de soi-même ne semble pas contribuer de façon significative à ce qu'une personne se joigne au groupe d'AMNS. Finalement, la régularisation de ses émotions est le seul facteur ayant un lien probant avec la fréquence élevée d'AMNS. Ni la maitrise de soi-même ni l'apprentissage sociale n'influencent la fréquence de l'AMNS chez une personne auto-blessante. Il est possible que la première tentative d'AMNS soit reliée à la régularisation des émotions et aux facteurs d'apprentissage social, mais une personne qui continue cette pratique le fait plus particulièrement pour des raisons de renforcement automatique. Cette modification du système de renforcement fonctionnel est étudiée par rapport à des publications récentes sur le sujet, et les implications pour les chercheurs et les intervenants en milieu social seront discutées en conséquence.
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Schwaiger, T. "The role of self-disgust in non-suicidal self-injury among individuals with personality disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1519694/.
Full textAbstract:
AIMS: There is growing evidence of a strong association between self-disgust and non- suicidal self-injury (NSSI). The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of self-disgust, alongside possible overlapping affect-states (shame, anger), in predicting lifetime NSSI among individuals with Personality Disorder (PD) features. This research also aimed to examine the psychometric structure of an existing self-disgust scale in this sample. METHOD: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted incorporating self-report questionnaires to screen for PD and to assess self-disgust, anger, shame, sexual abuse, lifetime NSSI and functions of NSSI. One hundred and eighty-eight individuals who screened positive for PD were recruited as well as 133 subjects who screened negative for PD. RESULT: Logistic regression analysis highlighted self-disgust as the single independent predictor of lifetime NSSI. Multiple regression analyses identified self-disgust as a predictor of the ‘self-punishment’, ‘anti-suicide’ and ‘communicating distress’ functions of NSSI. A principal component analysis of the self-disgust scale suggested that physical self-disgust explained over 50% of the variance out of the overall variability in the sample that screened positive for PD. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that self-disgust may be a significant risk factor for NSSI among individuals who screen positive for PD and indicate that self-disgust may specifically be connected with the impulse to attack and punish the self through self-injury. The effectiveness of interventions for NSSI among individuals with PD symptoms may be enhanced by examining whether self-disgust contributes to and/or maintains self-injurious behaviour. Treatment may also benefit from taking into consideration the strong visceral experiences related to self-disgust.
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Camafort, Blanco Berta. "Cyclotriveratrylene and Porphyrin Scaffolds for Molecular Recognition and Self-Assembly." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/291439.
Full textAbstract:
Aquesta tesis doctoral està dividida en dues parts. La primera part de la tesi inclou el disseny, la síntesi i caracterització d’una sèrie de receptors trimèrics de porfirines així com l’estudi de la formació de complexes d’inclusió amb ful•lerens (C60, C70, C84, Sc3N@C80), nanotubs de carboni (CNT) i bucky onions.
L’objectiu principal d’aquest primer bloc és la preparació de receptors de porfirines capaços de formar, de manera selectiva o preferent, complexos d’inclusió amb ful•lerens grans (>C84) així com carbon nano onions (CNOs) i nanotubs de carboni (CNT).
En la segona part de la tesi, es detalla la síntesi i estudi de un monòmer piramidal amb estructura central de CTV quiral connectada a llargues cadenes alquíliques a través d’enllaços d’urea.
L’objectiu principal d’aquest segon bloc és la preparació d’un monòmer de CTV capaç d’ampliar tal quiralitat del monòmer a l’estructura supramolecular. Per tal de promoure aquest comportament, els monòmers van ser previstos de urees que degut a la seva habilitat per establir ponts d’hidrogen d’especificitat i direccionalitat alta promourien la formació d’una hèlix macroscòpica.Esta tesis doctoral está dividida en dos partes. La primera parte de la tesis incluye el diseño, síntesis y caracterización de una serie de receptores trimericos de porfirinas así como el estudio de la formación de complejos de inclusión con fulerenos (C60, C70, C84, Sc3N@C80), nanotubos de carbono (CNT) y bucky onions. El objetivo principal de este primer bloque es la preparación de los receptores de porfirinas capaces de formar de manera selectiva o preferente, complejos de inclusión con fulerenos grandes (>C84) así como carbon nano onions (CNOs) y nanotubos de carbono (CNT). En la segunda parte de la tesi se detalla la síntesis y estudio de un monómero piramidal con estructura central de CTV quiral conectada a largas cadenas alquílicas a través de enlaces tipo urea. El objetivo principal de este segundo bloque es la preparación de un monómero capaz de ampliar tal quiralidad a la estructura supramolecular. Para promover tal comportamiento, los monómeros son provistos de ureas que debido a su habilidad para establecer puentes de hidrogeno de alta especificidad y direcctionalidad promoverian la formación de una hélice macroscópica.
This thesis is divided in two different parts. The first part includes the design, synthesis and characterization of a series of porphyrin trimeric receptors as well as the study of the inclusion complex formation with fullerenes (C60, C70, C84, Sc3N@C80), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and bucky onions. The main objective of this first bloc is the preparation of porphyrin-based receptors able to selectively encapsulate big fullerenes (>C84) as well as carbon nano onions (CNOs) and carbonnanotubes (CNT). The second part of the thesis deals with the synthesis and studies of a chiral pyramidic monomer bearing a CTV central core connected to long alkyl chains through urea type linkers. The objective of this second block would be the preparation of a CTV-monomer able to transfer the chirality from the CTV central core to the supramolecular column. To promote such behavior, the monomers are provided with urea moieties that due to their high specificity and directionality would promote de formation of the macroscopic helix.
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Grotzfeld, Robert M. (Robert Martin). "Studies in molecular recognition : self-assembling molecular host-guest sytems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10865.
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Krueger, Norris Farwell Jr. "Antecedents of opportunity recognition : the role of perceived self-efficacy." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1298920664.
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Krueger, Norris Farwell. "Antecedents of opportunity recognition : the role of perceived self-efficacy /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487675687172229.
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Raeisi, Mersad. "Harnessing the Recognition Properties of Cucurbit[n]urils in Dynamic Supramolecular Polymers." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1565963566821693.
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Wu, Ping. "Kohonen self-organising neural networks in speech signal processing." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386985.
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Callan-Jones, Andrew. "Pairing in the non-self-consistent ladder approximation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63278.pdf.
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Stapleton, Matthew Alexander. "Self-organised criticality and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443792.
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Tan, Woei Wan. "Self-learning neurofuzzy control of non-linear systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364037.
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Hull, Matthew Dean. "Non-linear vector interactions and cosmological self-acceleration." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2017. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nonlinear-vector-interactions-and-cosmological-selfacceleration(c7cf8bf8-c47f-4b6b-8535-1a9c926a7e02).html.
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Observations of the local Universe indicate that we are currently in an accelerated phase of cosmic expansion. This behaviour is compatible with our best theory of gravity, General Relativity, with the addition of a non-luminous form of energy that exerts a negative pressure known as ‘dark energy’. Alternatively, the observed acceleration could be an indication of the presence of new degrees of freedom active on cosmological scales. These degrees of freedom could be in the form of a dynamical field called ‘quintessence’, which is typically isolated from the rest of energy-momentum; although models which allow for interactions with ‘dark matter’ have recently been explored. This thesis explores a more radical idea; that the acceleration is a result of additional gravitational degrees of freedom acting on the largest scales. Any modification to our description of gravity on cosmological scales must take into account that we have very accurate tests of General Relativity within the solar system. Therefore the theories we explore rely on non-linearities that allow them to evade solar system tests via a ‘screening mechanism’. In particular, we focus on the use of special, non-linear, derivative structures which dominate on scales shorter than a characteristic length; suppressing the coupling to energy-momentum and thus screening the effect of the additional force. On the other hand, these interactions are negligible over cosmic scales and we recover a linear theory that communicates a fifth force. A typical theory of this type and the first to be discovered is the ‘Galileon’. We introduce this theory and discuss its behaviour around a static a spherically symmetric source which provides an example of ‘Vainshtein screening’. We introduce Ostrogradsky’s construction which proves that non-degenerate theories with higher order time derivatives always have instabilities. However, by being degenerate, the special structure of Galileons ensures that they evade this result. The same structure is used to construct vector theories with non-linear derivative self-interactions. These theories, named ‘vector Galileons’, break gauge symmetries and have been shown to have interesting cosmological applications. We introduce a way to spontaneously break the gauge symmetry and construct these theories via a Higgs mechanism. In addition to the purely gauge field interactions, our method generates new ghost-free scalar-vector interactions between the Higgs field and the gauge boson. We show how these additional terms are found to reduce, in a suitable decoupling limit, to scalar bi-Galileon interactions between the Higgs field and Goldstone bosons. Our formalism is first developed in the context of abelian symmetry, which allows us to connect with earlier work on the extension of the Proca action. We then show how this formalism is straightforwardly generalised to generate theories with non-abelian symmetry. Using an Arnowitt-Deser-Misner approach, we carefully reconsider the coupling with gravity of vector Galileons, with the aim of studying the necessary conditions to avoid the propagation of ghosts. We develop arguments that put on a more solid footing the results previously obtained in the literature. Moreover, working in analogy with the scalar counterpart, we find indications for the existence of a ‘beyond Horndeski’ theory involving vector degrees of freedom. After identifying the decoupled longitudinal mode of the vector Galileon with the scalar Galileon, we investigate the number of degrees of freedom present in the theory. We discuss how to construct the theory from the extrinsic curvature of the constant scalar field hypersurface, and find a simple expression for the action which guarantees the existence of the primary constraint necessary to avoid the Ostrogradsky instability. We then return to the ‘Galileonic Higgs mechanism’ and consider the effect of interactions between the higher order operators and a dynamical metric. We find a consistent covariantisation through the use of gravitational counter-terms that serve to also restrict the parameter space of the theory. After a brief introduction to cosmological perturbation theory, we explore the cosmological applications of the Galileonic Higgs. We find self-accelerating background solutions, associated with a non-trivial profile of the vector. We then expand the action to quadratic order in linear perturbations, diagonalise and discover that one of the modes is a ghost. This is in contrast with the positive results of related scenarios where an instability on Minkowski space is removed by gravitational interactions.
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Widyorini, Ragil. "Self-bonding characterization of non-wood lignocellulosic materials." Kyoto University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78164.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第11796号
農博第1516号
新制||農||915(附属図書館)
学位論文||H17||N4070(農学部図書室)
UT51-2005-F826
京都大学大学院農学研究科森林科学専攻
(主査)教授 川井 秀一, 教授 渡邊 隆司, 教授 矢野 浩之
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