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Journal articles on the topic 'Self-signalling'

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1

Chakrabarty, I., Prashant, and B. S. Choudhury. "Self Replication and Signalling." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 46, no. 12 (2007): 3281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-007-9447-6.

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2

Holton, Richard. "Addiction, Self-Signalling and the Deep Self." Mind & Language 31, no. 3 (2016): 300–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mila.12107.

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3

Read, Nick D., Alexander Lichius, Jun-ya Shoji, and Andrew B. Goryachev. "Self-signalling and self-fusion in filamentous fungi." Current Opinion in Microbiology 12, no. 6 (2009): 608–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2009.09.008.

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4

Kwakkenbos, Linda, Julie Cumin, Marie-Eve Carrier, et al. "Factors associated with patient-reported likelihood of using online self-care interventions: a Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network (SPIN) cohort study." BMJ Open 9, no. 10 (2019): e029542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029542.

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ObjectivesThe Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network (SPIN) Cohort uses the cohort multiple randomised controlled trial design to embed trials of online self-care interventions for people living with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma). To offer interventions to patients interested in using them, participants complete signalling items that query about the likelihood that patients would agree to participate in nine different hypothetical online programmes addressing common SSc-related problems. It is not known what factors influence patient-reported interest in participating in a p
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Petrén, Hampus, Per Toräng, Jon Ågren, and Magne Friberg. "Evolution of floral scent in relation to self-incompatibility and capacity for autonomous self-pollination in the perennial herb Arabis alpina." Annals of Botany 127, no. 6 (2021): 737–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab007.

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Abstract Background and Aims The transition from outcrossing to selfing is a frequent evolutionary shift in flowering plants and is predicted to result in reduced allocation to pollinator attraction if plants can self-pollinate autonomously. The evolution of selfing is associated with reduced visual floral signalling in many systems, but effects on floral scent have received less attention. We compared multiple populations of the arctic–alpine herb Arabis alpina (Brassicaceae), and asked whether the transition from self-incompatibility to self-compatibility has been associated with reduced vis
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6

Mijović-Prelec, Danica, and Draz̆en Prelec. "Self-deception as self-signalling: a model and experimental evidence." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1538 (2010): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0218.

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Self-deception has long been the subject of speculation and controversy in psychology, evolutionary biology and philosophy. According to an influential ‘deflationary’ view, the concept is an over-interpretation of what is in reality an instance of motivationally biased judgement. The opposite view takes the interpersonal deception analogy seriously, and holds that some part of the self actively manipulates information so as to mislead the other part. Building on an earlier self-signalling model of Bodner and Prelec, we present a game-theoretic model of self-deception. We propose that two disti
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Boller, Thomas. "Peptide signalling in plant development and self/non-self perception." Current Opinion in Cell Biology 17, no. 2 (2005): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2005.02.007.

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8

Huna, Anda, Kristine Salmina, Elina Jascenko, Gunars Duburs, Inna Inashkina, and Jekaterina Erenpreisa. "Self-Renewal Signalling in Presenescent Tetraploid IMR90 Cells." Journal of Aging Research 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/103253.

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Endopolyploidy and genomic instability are shared features of both stress-induced cellular senescence and malignant growth. Here, we examined these facets in the widely used normal human fibroblast model of senescence, IMR90. At the presenescence stage, a small (2–7%) proportion of cells overcome the 4n-G1 checkpoint, simultaneously inducing self-renewal (NANOG-positivity), the DNA damage response (DDR; γ-H2AX-positive foci), and senescence (p16inka4a- and p21CIP1-positivity) signalling, some cells reach octoploid DNA content and divide. All of these markers initially appear and partially colo
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9

LEVY, GILAT, and RONNY RAZIN. "Calvin's Reformation in Geneva: Self and Social Signalling." Journal of Public Economic Theory 16, no. 5 (2014): 730–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpet.12072.

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10

Saha, Suvrajit, Tamas L. Nagy, and Orion D. Weiner. "Joining forces: crosstalk between biochemical signalling and physical forces orchestrates cellular polarity and dynamics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1747 (2018): 20170145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0145.

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Dynamic processes like cell migration and morphogenesis emerge from the self-organized interaction between signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangements. How are these molecular to sub-cellular scale processes integrated to enable cell-wide responses? A growing body of recent studies suggest that forces generated by cytoskeletal dynamics and motor activity at the cellular or tissue scale can organize processes ranging from cell movement, polarity and division to the coordination of responses across fields of cells. To do so, forces not only act mechanically but also engage with biochemical signal
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11

Mills, Kate M., James L. A. Szczerkowski, and Shukry J. Habib. "Wnt ligand presentation and reception: from the stem cell niche to tissue engineering." Open Biology 7, no. 8 (2017): 170140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170140.

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Stem cells reside in niches where spatially restricted signals maintain a delicate balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Wnt family proteins are particularly suited for this role as they are modified by lipids, which constrain and spatially regulate their signalling range. In recent years, Wnt/β-catenin signalling has been shown to be essential for the self-renewal of a variety of mammalian stem cells. In this review, we discuss Wnt-responsive stem cells in their niche, and mechanisms by which Wnt ligands are presented to responsive cells. We also highlight recent progres
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12

Bosch, M., B. de Graaf, N. Poulter, S. Vatovec, S. Li, and V. Franklin-Tong. "Signalling to programmed cell death in self-incompatible pollen." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 150, no. 3 (2008): S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.361.

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13

Li, Heli, Shiran Sun, Qing Lei, et al. "M1-Polarized Macrophages Promote Self-Renewing Phenotype of Hepatic Progenitor Cells with Jagged1-Notch Signalling Involved: Relevance in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis." Journal of Immunology Research 2018 (December 24, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4807145.

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The immunologic interaction between parenchyma cells and encircling inflammatory cells is thought to be the most important mechanism of biliary damage and repair in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Monocytes/macrophages as master regulators of hepatic inflammation have been demonstrated to contribute to PSC pathogenesis. Macrophages coordinate with liver regeneration, and multiple phenotypes have been identified with diverse expressions of surface proteins and cytokine productions. We analyzed the expression of Notch ligand Jagged1 in polarized macrophages and investigated the relevance o
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14

Greulich, Philip. "Emergent order in epithelial sheets by interplay of cell divisions and cell fate regulation." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 10 (2024): e1012465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012465.

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The fate choices of stem cells between self-renewal and differentiation are often tightly regulated by juxtacrine (cell-cell contact) signalling. Here, we assess how the interplay between cell division, cell fate choices, and juxtacrine signalling can affect the macroscopic ordering of cell types in self-renewing epithelial sheets, by studying a simple spatial cell fate model with cells being arranged on a 2D lattice. We show in this model that if cells commit to their fate directly upon cell division, macroscopic patches of cells of the same type emerge, if at least a small proportion of divi
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15

Hadjivasiliou, Zena, Ginger L. Hunter, and Buzz Baum. "A new mechanism for spatial pattern formation via lateral and protrusion-mediated lateral signalling." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no. 124 (2016): 20160484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0484.

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Tissue organization and patterning are critical during development when genetically identical cells take on different fates. Lateral signalling plays an important role in this process by helping to generate self-organized spatial patterns in an otherwise uniform collection of cells. Recent data suggest that lateral signalling can be mediated both by junctional contacts between neighbouring cells and via cellular protrusions that allow non-neighbouring cells to interact with one another at a distance. However, it remains unclear precisely how signalling mediated by these distinct types of cell–
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16

Thomas, Steve, Kim Osman, Barend H. J. de Graaf, et al. "Investigating mechanisms involved in the self–incompatibility response in Papaver rhoeas." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 358, no. 1434 (2003): 1033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1288.

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Sexual reproduction in flowering plants is controlled by recognition mechanisms involving the male gametophyte (the pollen) and the female sporophyte (the pistil). Self–incompatibility (SI) involves the recognition and rejection of self– or incompatible pollen by the pistil. In Papaver rhoeas , SI uses a Ca 2+ –based signalling cascade triggered by the S –protein, which is encoded by the stigmatic component of the S –locus. This results in the rapid inhibition of incompatible pollen tube growth. We have identified several targets of the SI signalling cascade, including protein kinases, the act
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17

Eaves, Deborah J., Carlos Flores-Ortiz, Tamanna Haque, Zongcheng Lin, Nianjun Teng, and Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong. "Self-incompatibility in Papaver: advances in integrating the signalling network." Biochemical Society Transactions 42, no. 2 (2014): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20130248.

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Self-fertilization, which results in reduced fitness of offspring, is a common problem in hermaphrodite angiosperms. To prevent this, many plants utilize SI (self-incompatibility), which is determined by the multi-allelic S-locus, that allows discrimination between self (incompatible) and non-self (compatible) pollen by the pistil. In poppy (Papaver rhoeas), the pistil S-determinant (PrsS) is a small secreted protein which interacts with the pollen S-determinant PrpS, a ~20 kDa novel transmembrane protein. Interaction of matching pollen and pistil S-determinants results in self-recognition, in
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18

Iborra, Salvador, and David Sancho. "Signalling versatility following self and non-self sensing by myeloid C-type lectin receptors." Immunobiology 220, no. 2 (2015): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imbio.2014.09.013.

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19

Saleh, Fatima, Alice Carstairs, S. Leah Etheridge, and Paul Genever. "Real-Time Analysis of Endogenous Wnt Signalling in 3D Mesenchymal Stromal Cells." Stem Cells International 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7132529.

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Wnt signalling has been implicated in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation; however, the majority of in vitro studies are carried out using monolayer 2D culture techniques. Here, we used mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) EGFP reporter lines responsive to Wnt pathway activation in a 3D spheroid culture system to mimic better the in vivo environment. Endogenous Wnt signalling was then investigated under basal conditions and when MSCs were induced to undergo osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Interestingly, endogenous Wnt signalling was only active during 3D different
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20

Chan, Chii J., and Takashi Hiiragi. "Integration of luminal pressure and signalling in tissue self-organization." Development 147, no. 5 (2020): dev181297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.181297.

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21

Bosch, Maurice, and Vernonica E. Franklin-Tong. "Self-incompatibility inPapaver: signalling to trigger PCD in incompatible pollen." Journal of Experimental Botany 59, no. 3 (2007): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erm195.

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22

Randle, Beverley J., Simon J. Scoltock, and Deborah K. Scott. "Integrating molecular detection and response to create self-signalling antibodies." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 324, no. 2 (2004): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.09.077.

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23

Rubtsov, Yuri P., та Alexander Y. Rudensky. "TGFβ signalling in control of T-cell-mediated self-reactivity". Nature Reviews Immunology 7, № 6 (2007): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri2095.

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24

Pacherník, Jiří, V. Horváth, L. Kubala, P. Dvořák, A. Kozubík, and A. Hampl. "Neural Differentiation Potentiated by the Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor through STAT3 Signalling in Mouse Embryonal Carcinoma Cells." Folia Biologica 53, no. 5 (2007): 157–63. https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2007053050157.

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LIF is a cytokine playing a key role in the regulation of self-renewal and maintenance of undifferentiated state in mouse ES cells. The response of pluripotent cells to LIF is mediated mainly by the STAT3 and ERK signalling pathways. Recently, we have shown that LIF potentiated retinoic acid-induced neural differentiation of pluripotent mouse embryonal carcinoma P19 cells. Here we demonstrate that pro-neural effects of LIF and partially also of retinoic acid are abolished by inhibition of the JAK2->STAT3 signalling pathway. In contrast, inhibition of the MEK1->ERK signalling pathway does
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25

Van Dooren, Tom, Katrien Princen, Koen De Witte, and Gerard Griffioen. "Derailed Intraneuronal Signalling Drives Pathogenesis in Sporadic and Familial Alzheimer’s Disease." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/167024.

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Although a wide variety of genetic and nongenetic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factors have been identified, their role in onset and/or progression of neuronal degeneration remains elusive. Systematic analysis of AD risk factors revealed that perturbations of intraneuronal signalling pathways comprise a common mechanistic denominator in both familial and sporadic AD and that such alterations lead to increases in Aβoligomers (Aβo) formation and phosphorylation of TAU. Conversely, Aβo and TAU impact intracellular signalling directly. This feature entails binding of Aβo to membrane receptors, wh
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26

Reichert, Julian, and Thomas Voigtmann. "Tracer dynamics in crowded active-particle suspensions." Soft Matter 17, no. 46 (2021): 10492–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm01092a.

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27

Annerén, Cecilia. "Tyrosine kinase signalling in embryonic stem cells." Clinical Science 115, no. 2 (2008): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20070388.

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Pluripotent ES (embryonic stem) cells can be expanded in culture and induced to differentiate into a wide range of cell types. Self-renewal of ES cells involves proliferation with concomitant suppression of differentiation. Some critical and conserved pathways regulating self-renewal in both human and mouse ES cells have been identified, but there is also evidence suggesting significant species differences. Cytoplasmic and receptor tyrosine kinases play important roles in proliferation, survival, self-renewal and differentiation in stem, progenitor and adult cells. The present review focuses o
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28

Rackow, Ashley R., David J. Nagel, Claire McCarthy, et al. "The self-fulfilling prophecy of pulmonary fibrosis: a selective inspection of pathological signalling loops." European Respiratory Journal 56, no. 5 (2020): 2000075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00075-2020.

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Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating, progressive disease and carries a prognosis worse than most cancers. Despite ongoing research, the mechanisms that underlie disease pathogenesis remain only partially understood. However, the self-perpetuating nature of pulmonary fibrosis has led several researchers to propose the existence of pathological signalling loops. According to this hypothesis, the normal wound-healing process becomes corrupted and results in the progressive accumulation of scar tissue in the lung. In addition, several negative regulators of pulmonary fibrosis are downregulated and
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Hirai, Hiroyuki, Peter Karian, and Nobuaki Kikyo. "Regulation of embryonic stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency by leukaemia inhibitory factor." Biochemical Journal 438, no. 1 (2011): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20102152.

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LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor) is a key cytokine for maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency of mESCs (mouse embryonic stem cells). Upon binding to the LIF receptor, LIF activates three major intracellular signalling pathways: the JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT and SHP2 [SH2 (Src homology 2) domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2]/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathways. These pathways converge to orchestrate the gene expression pattern specific to mESCs. Among the many signalling events downst
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Chan, Amy H., Sabrina S. Burgener, Kassandra Vezyrgiannis та ін. "Caspase-4 dimerisation and D289 auto-processing elicit an interleukin-1β-converting enzyme". Life Science Alliance 6, № 10 (2023): e202301908. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202301908.

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The noncanonical inflammasome is a signalling complex critical for cell defence against cytosolic Gram-negative bacteria. A key step in the human noncanonical inflammasome pathway involves unleashing the proteolytic activity of caspase-4 within this complex. Caspase-4 induces inflammatory responses by cleaving gasdermin-D (GSDMD) to initiate pyroptosis; however, the molecular mechanisms that activate caspase-4 and govern its capacity to cleave substrates remain poorly defined. Caspase-11, the murine counterpart of caspase-4, acquires protease activity within the noncanonical inflammasome by fo
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31

Lin, Guonan, Na Xu, and Rongwen Xi. "Paracrine Wingless signalling controls self-renewal of Drosophila intestinal stem cells." Nature 455, no. 7216 (2008): 1119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07329.

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32

Franklin-Tong, N., S. Thomas, S. Li, C. Staiger, and M. Bosch. "Self-incompatibility in Papaver: Signalling cascades trigger PCD in incompatible pollen." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 146, no. 4 (2007): S199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.438.

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33

Cohen, Michael, Buzz Baum, and Mark Miodownik. "The importance of structured noise in the generation of self-organizing tissue patterns through contact-mediated cell–cell signalling." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 59 (2010): 787–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0488.

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Lateral inhibition provides the basis for a self-organizing patterning system in which distinct cell states emerge from an otherwise uniform field of cells. The development of the microchaete bristle pattern on the notum of the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster , has long served as a popular model of this process. We recently showed that this bristle pattern depends upon a population of dynamic, basal actin-based filopodia, which span multiple cell diameters. These protrusions establish transient signalling contacts between non-neighbouring cells, generating a type of structured noise that hel
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34

Hiew, Vun Vun, Haselamirrah Mohd Akhir, and Peik Lin Teoh. "Gene Expression Profiles of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Wharton’s Jelly and Amniotic Membrane before and after Osteo-Induction Using NanoString Platform." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 44, no. 9 (2022): 4240–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb44090291.

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The use of perinatal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone tissue regeneration and engineering to substitute bone marrow MSCs has drawn great interest due to their high yield, ease of procurement, multilineage differentiation potential and lack of ethical concerns. Although amniotic membrane (AM) and Wharton’s jelly (WJ)-derived MSCs have been widely shown to possess osteogenic differentiation potential, the intrinsic properties determining their osteogenic capacity remain unclear. Here, we compared gene expression profiles of AM- and WJ-MSCs at basal and osteogenic conditions by using the Nan
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35

Weaver, Lesley N., and Claire E. Walczak. "Spatial gradients controlling spindle assembly." Biochemical Society Transactions 43, no. 1 (2015): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20140243.

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The mitotic spindle is the macromolecular machine utilized to accurately segregate chromosomes in cells. How this self-organized structure assembles is a key aspect of understanding spindle morphogenesis. In the present review, we focus on understanding mechanisms of spindle self-assembly and address how subcellular signalling gradients, such as Ran-GTP and Aurora B, contribute to spindle organization and function.
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Bai, Shizhen, Yan Wang, Shengxiang She, and Sheng Wei. "Will Costliness Amplify the Signalling Strength of Past Pro-Environmental Behaviour? Exploratory Study on Autonomy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (2021): 10216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910216.

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Research has shown that the extent to which previous environmental actions are linked to people’s environmental self-identity influences subsequent environmentally-friendly behaviour. The study empirically examined the influences of recycling efforts on subsequent pro-environmental behaviour by PLS (partial least squares) structural equation modelling based on the survey data of 426 respondents in China. The results indicate that recycling efforts have a positive effect on pro-environmental behaviour through the mechanism of feelings of pride and environmental self-identity. We hypothesise tha
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37

Berrino, Carlo, and Aadilah Omar. "Unravelling the Mysteries of the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway in Cancer Stem Cells: Activity, Crosstalk and Regulation." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 46, no. 6 (2024): 5397–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb46060323.

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The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signalling pathway plays a critical role in normal development and tissue homeostasis, guiding cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Aberrant activation of this pathway, however, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers, largely due to its role in regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cancer cells with the ability to self-renew, differentiate, and initiate tumour growth, contributing significantly to tumorigenesis, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. This review focuses on the intricate activity of the Shh pa
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Zagozewski, Jamie, Ghazaleh Shahriary, Ludivine Morrison, et al. "PDTM-28. AN OTX2-PAX3 SIGNALLING AXIS REGULATES GROUP 3 MEDULLOBLASTOMA CELL FATE." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.804.

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Abstract The majority of Group 3 medulloblastomas (MB) exhibit amplification or increased expression of OTX2. OTX2 is primarily known as an oncogenic driver of tumor growth and cell cycle progression in Group 3 MB; however, its role as a repressor of differentiation is poorly characterized. Therefore, we utilized extensive patient data and mapped Group 3 MB chromatin dynamics in stem cell-enriched cultures to evaluate the divergent role of OTX2 in cell fate decisions in Group 3 MB pathogenesis. Several PAX genes were identified as novel OTX2 targets in Group 3 MB. Examination of patient data r
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Reya, Tannishtha, Andrew W. Duncan, Laurie Ailles, et al. "A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells." Nature 423, no. 6938 (2003): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01593.

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40

Martyn, I., T. Y. Kanno, A. Ruzo, E. D. Siggia, and A. H. Brivanlou. "Self-organization of a human organizer by combined Wnt and Nodal signalling." Nature 558, no. 7708 (2018): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0150-y.

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41

Smiseth, Per T., and Allen J. Moore. "Signalling of hunger when offspring forage by both begging and self-feeding." Animal Behaviour 67, no. 6 (2004): 1083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2003.10.012.

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42

Zhao, Yujia, and May Tan-Mullins. "From the ancient Silk Road to the belt and road initiative: Narratives, signalling and trust-building." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 23, no. 2 (2021): 280–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148120987464.

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Narratives help in interpreting and understanding surrounding political realities. Yet, the divergence of narratives may also create distrust, and it is an important reason for greatly diverging perceptions of the Belt and Road Initiative between China and the international community. This article explores how trust can be bridged between different narratives. It discusses the notions of trust and how the Chinese concept of ‘brightness’ contributes to a strategic signalling process for trust-building in strategic cooperation. This article proposes that trust-building is a process of signalling
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43

Cai, Pengfei, Donald P. McManus, and Hong You. "Signalling pathways in schistosomes: novel targets for control interventions against schistosomiasis." Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 1, no. 6 (2017): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20170093.

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Over the last decade, there has been accumulating evidence showing that signalling pathways are involved in extensive biological and physiological processes in the human blood fluke schistosomes, playing essential roles in environmental sensing, host penetration, growth, development, maturation, embryogenesis, tissue self-renewal and survival. Owing to the likelihood of resistance developing against praziquantel, the only drug currently available that is effective against all the human schistosome species, there is an urgent requirement for an alternative treatment, arguing for continuing rese
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44

Morris, M. B., N. Hamra, A. C. Lonic, and F. Felquer. "182. NOVEL SIGNALLING IN MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS GENERATES PRIMITIVE ECTODERM-LIKE CELLS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 9 (2009): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb09abs182.

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The phenotypic status of embryonic stem (ES) cells is controlled in part by signalling pathways which translate inputs mediated by extracellular molecules. An important extracellular protagonist in mouse ES cells is LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor) which interacts with the gp130–LIFR receptor complex to activate a number of downstream signalling pathways, including the STAT3, MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt. These pathways, together with others, interact in complex and sometimes competing ways to generate the well-known characteristics of mouse ES cells of self-renewal, high rates of proliferation, and
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Kay, Robert R., Thomas D. Williams, and Peggy Paschke. "Amplification of PIP3 signalling by macropinocytic cups." Biochemical Journal 475, no. 3 (2018): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20170785.

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In a role distinct from and perhaps more ancient than that in signal transduction, PIP3 and Ras help to spatially organize the actin cytoskeleton into macropinocytic cups. These large endocytic structures are extended by actin polymerization from the cell surface and have at their core an intense patch of active Ras and PIP3, around which actin polymerizes, creating cup-shaped projections. We hypothesize that active Ras and PIP3 self-amplify within macropinocytic cups, in a way that depends on the structural integrity of the cup. Signalling that triggers macropinocytosis may therefore be ampli
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46

Rosmani, Arifah Fasha, Ariffin Abdul Mutalib, and Siti Mahfuzah Sarif. "Asmaul Husna Mobile Application (AHMA): Foundation of the Prototype Design and Development." Journal of Computing Research and Innovation 6, no. 2 (2021): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jcrinn.v6i2.229.

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Asmaul Husna Mobile Application (AHMA) is a prototype mobile application based on an interaction model intended for use in heutagogy with undergraduates. This app was created and designed to increase students’ knowledge, perceived awareness, and perceived motivation for the learning material. When learners are assisted with signalling or cueing to focus their attention on the most appropriate resources, they demonstrate improved learning performance and significantly reduced cognitive load. The signalling principle’s effectiveness in enhancing learning outcomes by emphasising correspondences b
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47

Rivera, Patricia, Miguel Miguéns, Santiago M. Coria, et al. "Cocaine self-administration differentially modulates the expression of endogenous cannabinoid system-related proteins in the hippocampus of Lewis vs. Fischer 344 rats." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 16, no. 6 (2013): 1277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1461145712001186.

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Abstract The endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) are modulators of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), two transmitters involved in cocaine addiction. However, little is known on the effects of cocaine on the enzymes that produce and degrade endocannabinoids. The present work addresses the effects of cocaine self-administration on the immunohistochemical expression of endocannabinoid signalling (ECS)-related proteins in the hippocampus. The study has been performed on two different strains of rats, Lewis (Lew) and Fischer 344 (F344), which are characterized for
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48

Rivera, Andrea D., Irene Chacon-De-La-Rocha, Francesca Pieropan, Maria Papanikolau, Kasum Azim, and Arthur M. Butt. "Keeping the ageing brain wired: a role for purine signalling in regulating cellular metabolism in oligodendrocyte progenitors." Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 473, no. 5 (2021): 775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-021-02544-z.

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AbstractWhite matter (WM) is a highly prominent feature in the human cerebrum and is comprised of bundles of myelinated axons that form the connectome of the brain. Myelin is formed by oligodendrocytes and is essential for rapid neuronal electrical communication that underlies the massive computing power of the human brain. Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout life by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which are identified by expression of the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan NG2 (Cspg4), and are often termed NG2-glia. Adult NG2+ OPCs are slowly proliferating cells that have the ste
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Elkin, Adam M., Sarah Robbins, Claudia S. Barros, and Torsten Bossing. "The Critical Balance Between Quiescence and Reactivation of Neural Stem Cells." Biomolecules 15, no. 5 (2025): 672. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15050672.

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Neural stem cells (NSC) are multipotent, self-renewing cells that give rise to all neural cell types within the central nervous system. During adulthood, most NSCs exist in a quiescent state which can be reactivated in response to metabolic and signalling changes, allowing for long-term continuous neurogenesis and response to injury. Ensuring a critical balance between quiescence and reactivation is required to maintain the limited NSC reservoir and neural replenishment throughout lifetime. The precise mechanisms and signalling pathways behind this balance are at the focus of current research.
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Gascoigne, Nicholas R. J., Xiang Zhao, Monika Mehta, Namrata Gautam, and Joanna Brzostek. "Themis integrates signalling from self pMHC and cytokines in mature CD8+ T cells." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (2018): 116.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.116.18.

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Abstract Optimal T cell responses require integration of T cell receptor (TCR) and cytokine signals. We have identified a new role of Themis, a recently discovered LAT signalosome component, in regulation of CD8 T cell responses to self peptide-MHC (pMHC) and cytokines. Themis plays a critical role in modulation of TCR signal strength during thymic development through interaction with the phosphatase Shp1, and we have now demonstrated that Themis affects the phosphatase activity of Shp1 in thymocytes. Germline deletion of Themis leads to severe perturbation in numbers and phenotype of peripher
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