Books on the topic 'Service Rupture'

This chapter examines international cooperation in the fight against transnational organised crime (TOC). As main thesis it claims that within the area of law enforcement in general and international law enforcement in particular, an epistemological rupture has changed the way we think about law enforcement. First, the chapter looks at the institutions involved in the fight: it asks ‘who’? The second part asks ‘what’ do law enforcement agencies do to counter the activities of TOC? The third part picks up the claim of an epistemological rupture, identifies this in the ever-increasing use of bulk or random data, and presents some arguments for using such methods and some—based on privacy rights—for not using them. This part deplores the militarization of law enforcement and the blurring of the boundary between law enforcement and the security services, which, it postulates, leads to law enforcement being alienated from the populations it serves.

‘Red eye’ is a term used to describe the colour of the conjunctiva when there is either dilation of the blood vessels (hyperaemia) or a ruptured blood vessel (subconjunctival haemorrhage). It can be characterized by its distribution as diffuse, focal, or circumcorneal. There are many causes of ‘red eye’, and it is seen and managed in all healthcare settings, including optometry services. This chapter presents an approach to the patient with a ‘red eye’, identifying those conditions that can usually be successfully managed in the primary care environment, and others that need immediate or elective management in more specialized services.

This book examines “sovereignty-sharing” in fragile states, focusing on ventures in which domestic and international actors share authority to provide basic public services and build the rule of law. It examines how and why these ventures are created, designed, and implemented and what determines their perceived legitimacy and effectiveness. The book shows that sovereignty sharing can help address governance gaps under certain conditions, but that apportioning core sovereign functions remains difficult, as national and international partners bring different capacities, norms, and policy priorities. It demonstrates that the political foundations of sovereignty-sharing arrangements are crucial for effective performance, which in turn drives popular support. The book considers case studies of hybrid tribunals in Sierra Leone, Cambodia, and Lebanon; joint policing in Timor-Leste; and anti-corruption initiatives in Guatemala and Liberia. It offers the first comparative assessment of these remarkable efforts to repair ruptures in the rule of law.

While the effectiveness of direct social work practice always requires one’s competence in providing a variety of intervention modalities, outcomes are also dependent on the social worker’s ability to develop and maintain constructive relationships with clients. This book describes in depth the many ways that such relationships can be developed with clients who display a wide range of presenting problems in many types of social service agencies. Each chapter focuses on a particular challenge that social workers may encounter in that process, including the benefits and limitations of theory selection, boundaries, the use of self, the working alliance, relationship ruptures, special issues presented by children and adolescents, terminations and transfers, clients about whom a social worker experiences highly positive or negative feelings, the uses of touch and humor, working with psychotic clients, and the uses of technology. The book is filled with case studies written by students to illustrate how relationships can be formed and challenges can be resolved. The book is targeted to social work students in their field placements, although it can also be useful for practicing professionals.

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) represents the most common means of acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection in children, and it can occur in utero, intrapartum, and postnatally through breastfeeding. Interventions during each of these time periods can reduce the risk of MTCT. MTCT prevention involves a cascade of services, including contraception to avoid unintended pregnancies, prenatal care (including universal HIV screening and antiretrovirals), cesarean section before labor and before ruptured membranes when indicated, and complete avoidance of breastfeeding when possible. After delivery, infant HIV acquisition can be mitigated through the provision of antiretroviral prophylaxis. More data are needed regarding the mode of delivery and whether cesarean section is beneficial in women with a delivery viral load of less than 1,000 copies/mL who are using effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. There is also a need for better understanding of the optimal duration of infant post exposure prophylaxis both after birth and during breastfeeding.

This chapter addresses the key concepts discussed in Part 8, which focused on the persistence of Inca identity and associated politics of performance, indigeneity, and “Incanism.” The ruptures of natural disasters and political upheaval have allowed Cuzco to be rebuilt in new cycles that invoke Inca identity in distinct ways, the most recent of these as a center of world heritage. At a broader level, the colonial-era broadening of Inca identity helped to sustain indigenous rebellions against Spanish colonial rule, and this persisted after independence, as the Incas became a national Peruvian symbol. The globalization of Inca heritage sites has occurred alongside Inca-inspired representations of indigenous identity elsewhere, making the Incas the aspirational ancestors for different scales of identity-building. Inca sites like Machu Picchu serve as rich places for the intersections of different performances of what it means to be Inca.

Remaking Muslim Lives: Everyday Islam in Postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina examines what it means to live a Muslim life amid the political ruptures, economic deprivation, and transformation of religious institutions in postsocialist, postwar Bosnia-Herzegovina. Popular representations of Muslim communities in Southeastern Europe have long featured simplistic images of Muslims’ lost faith, and of Islam as serving the interests of nationalism and identity politics. Drawing on a decade of ethnographic research, this book challenges these stereotypes. Through an exploration of the everyday experiences of several generations of Muslim men and women and against the backdrop of the turbulent postsocialist and postwar transformations, David Henig shows how living a Muslim life in rural Bosnia and Herzegovina is ordered and inscribed by deep relations of obligation and care with the living, the dead, and the divine that spans generations. His evocative study traces the manifestations of these relations from the intimate spheres of houses and village neighborhoods to the waiting room of an Islamic dream healer, from village mosques and outdoor prayers for rain to the “little Hajj” pilgrimage and commemorative sites for the Ottoman martyrs and those of the recent Bosnian war. This study makes a powerful contribution to our understanding of how religion and historical consciousness, interlocked through the rubric of exchange, is actively engaged to make sense of past tumultuous experiences and future-oriented expectations in the present.

Et si le monde urbain était un monde sans voiture? Post-Car World tente de répondre à cette interrogation dans le contexte de la transition énergétique, à l’heure où la mobilité des biens, des personnes et du vivant constitue l’enjeu autour duquel reconfigurer les espaces urbains. La question s’impose avec une urgence particulière dans la ville-territoire: cette ville dispersée et à basse densité, encore largement dépendante de l’usage de la voiture et oubliée des politiques de mobilité alternatives. En considérant le cas de la métropole lémanique, les auteurs développent une lecture cartographique, photographique et statistique de son évolution durant le siècle de la voiture, pour ensuite la faire résonner avec une analyse des changements de comportement à l’oeuvre dans les villes européennes, afin de saisir les leviers permettant de renverser le paradigme fonctionnel qui a façonné les territoires à l’échelle globale. De même que la sédimentation des siècles qui ont précédé la voiture a servi de support à un habitat motorisé – la rupture technique n’ayant bouleversé ni les maillages viaires, ni le réseau de noyaux villageois – la métropole post-car se modèlera elle aussi, telle un palimpseste, sur les structures matérielles, les pratiques sociales et les imaginaires, en plein bouleversement, du présent. Croisant les regards de l’architecture, de la sociologie et de l’urbanisme, l’expérimentation méthodologique restituée dans cet ouvrage débouche sur quatre visions prospectives, articulées en autant de mises en fiction. Face à l’accélération des multiples transitions qui affectent les villes, les disciplines de l’espace et de la société ne peuvent que partager l’obligation de redéfinir les limites du pensable, en affûtant les techniques de vision et de production du futur. Préface de Jacques Lévy. Avec les contributions de Vincent Kaufmann, Emmanuel Ravalet et Alexandre Rigal.

La investigación contable latinoamericana se ha caracterizado fundamentalmente por la interpretación y aplicación de los constructos teóricos y las regulaciones que han sido creadas en los países desarrollados. Algunos investigadores han asumido un juicio crítico con respecto a este proceso a-crítico y no reflexivo de transferencia voluntaria o impositiva de las teorías y normas o estándares creados en otras latitudes. El presente texto hace parte de una tercera categoría, correspondiente a una investigación propositiva, la cual pretende hacer parte de un proyecto de construcción de una nueva contabilidad; no se trata de ajustes parciales, adición de criterios de reconocimiento, nuevos métodos de medición, inclusión de revelaciones o modificación a la estructura conceptual; si bien la propuesta incluye lo mencionado anteriormente, va mucho más allá, se trata de reconstruir el saber contable desde sus bases ontológicas, epistemológicas, metodológicas, praxeológicas, teleológicas y axiológicas. Se trata del germen de una nueva contabilidad comprometida con el interés social, con la biodiversidad y el multiculturalismo, es decir, con la sustentabilidad; a todo este proceso los autores lo han denominado Eco-Contabilidad. La eco-contabilidad compromete a todos los actores sociales para alcanzar sus fines morales superiores; la contabilidad es un saber tan importante y con tantas implicaciones para la presente y futuras generaciones, que requiere la participación directa de la sociedad en general en su concepción, desarrollo y control. Señala Suárez et al (2020) que “el contar del contador es moral” (69), en tal sentido implica una conciencia ecológica, propio de una contabilidad que nace pública, y configura su condición de ciencia social por abordar de forma comprometida los problemas de la sociedad (27). En tal sentido, el autor hace hincapié en la probidad como actuar íntegro y honrado que va más allá de la ley, en fidelidad con los ideales y sujetos siempre al bien común (61-62). La eco-contabilidad es concebida por Franco (2019) como un saber subrogado superior que integra otras aristas de la contabilidad, que se ocupa del control de la riqueza ecológica y que tiene por finalidad la preservación de la vida, a través de los principios de responsabilidad, balance, compensación y de vida. La lectura del libro “Eco-Contabilidad. Propuesta para la fundamentación teórica de la T3C” constituye un paso decisivo en la ruptura paradigmática con la contabilidad tradicional caracterizada por la financiarización, la acumulación y el antropocentrismo economicista. Durante las últimas décadas autores vinculados a las corrientes críticas y alternativas han acopiado las falencias, fallas e incoherencias de la contabilidad financiera regulada, la cual se muestra alejada del interés general, abandona el bien común para insertarse como instrumento al servicio de la especulación y el despojo de las riqueza ambiental y social de los pueblos. Los autores del presente libro, conocedores de la existencia de dichas investigaciones críticas, han decidido dar un paso más adelante, el cual materializan a través de una rigurosa propuesta de fundamentación teórica de lo que debe representar la nueva contabilidad. La Eco-Contabilidad no constituye una propuesta de reforma a la contabilidad convencional, no es un ajuste a los instrumentos tradicionales del hacer contable. La Eco-Contabilidad pretende contribuir a una verdadera revolución científica, no es perfeccionamiento del paradigma vigente, es un cambio profundo de paradigma. La Eco-Contabilidad no es un ajuste a las hipótesis auxiliares del programa de investigación del modelo contable financiero; es en realidad, un cambio de núcleo, lo que implica la invitación a una palingenesia contable, a construir una nueva contabilidad desde sus cimientos. El desafío propuesto abarca reconstruir, repensar, reorientar e incluso construir de nuevo muchos de los elementos del ser y del deber ser contable.