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1
Paktinat-saeij, Saeid, Hamed Ghobari, and Kyumars Mohammadi Samani. "First new species of the Caeculidae (Acari: Trombidiformes: Prostigmata) from Iran, with a key to the world species of Allocaeculus." Systematic and Applied Acarology 25, no. 5 (2020): 833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.25.5.5.
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A new species, Allocaeculus sirwani sp. nov. (Trombidiformes: Prostigmata: Caeculidae) is described based on adult females from Marivan city, Kurdistan Province, Iran. The new species can be distinguished from other species by the following features: the bothridial setae (bo) filiform; dorsal body setae clavate; setae c1, a2, d1, d2, e1, e2 present; setae c1 normal; adanal and pseudanal plates each bearing three pairs of setae; un-pair seta hs present; palp tarsus with seven setae; epimeral setal formula 3-2-2-4/5 and spinose setal formula of leg I 3-2-1-1-2. Also, an identification key to known species of Allocaeculus is provided.
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Yam, Rita S. W. "Functional morphology of the feeding and associated appendages of the detritivore-collector atyid shrimps, Caridina cantonensis and Caridina trifasciata — a scanning electron microscopy study." Crustaceana 89, no. 3 (2016): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003524.
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The present study used Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to examine the functional morphology of the feeding and associated appendages of the detritivore-collector atyid shrimps Caridina cantonensis Yu, 1938 and C. trifasciata Yam & Cai, 2003. The third maxillipedes of both species are equipped with serrate setae ending in a terminal pore, which setae may thus serve both as mechano- and chemo-receptors. Pereiopods 1 and 2 have dense, long, simple setae and single-rowed serrate setae for effective brushing fine-particulate organic matter and scraping periphyton from the substratum. Pereiopods 3 and 4 are heavily armed with large cuspidate setae and with simple type setae, which can be used for food collection or providing strong anchorage. The dactylus of pereiopod 5 is oval, flattened, and equipped with serrate setae on the ventral margin. In contrast to the suspension-feeding Atya innocuous (Herbst, 1792), Caridina spp. show a lower setal diversity, while all setal types on the pereiopods are mechano-receptors, being specialized for collecting food.
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Walley, L. J. "Setal morphology in cirripedes: a useful tool in phylogenetic studies?" Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 2 (2011): 305–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315411001524.
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The morphology of the setae, on the mouthparts and the cirri of 33 barnacle species, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The species examined were selected from a range of pedunculate and balanomorph families living in a variety of habitats from the littoral zone to deep-sea vents. It was found that the setae could be divided into five groups: simple, denticulate, setulate, plumo-denticulate and aesthetascs. The categories were subdivided resulting in 43 setal types being recognized. Balanomorph cirripedes were found to have a greater variety of setae than pedunculates. Setulate setae on the cirri, and specialized setae on the mandibular palps and the first maxillae tended to be associated with the development of the balanomorph form. Setal type was correlated with taxonomy, whether based on shell structure and soft body morphology or DNA analysis, but with some anomalies which deserve further investigation. The problems of reconciling the proposed cirripede setal categories with those described in the Decapoda are discussed.
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Meyer, Karsten, and Thomas Bartolomaeus. "Ultrastructure and formation of the hooked setae in Owenia fusiformis delle Chiaje, 1842: implications for annelid phylogeny." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 12 (1996): 2143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-243.
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Several members of the Annelida bear apically curved or hooked setae that are aligned in a transverse row inside the neuropodial rim. Based on the hypothesis that these specific setae characterize a monophyletic group within the Annelida, the structure and development of the hooked seta in Owenia fusiformis are analysed and compared with data from other annelids with such setae. The neuropodial hooks of O. fusiformis are arranged in multiple transversal rows or setal patches on each side of the body from the fourth setiger onwards. The setae are curved distally and consist of two identical spines lying side by side at the same level. Their tips generally point ventrofrontally. Within each patch, the setae lie inside a setal follicle that consists of a basal chaetoblast, at least one follicle cell, and varying numbers of epidermal cells. Each setal patch is basally surrounded by an extracellular matrix that is continuous with the subepidermal basal lamina. An additional discontinuous extracellular matrix lies between the epidermis and the follicle cells. It is of functional significance for the attachment of the epidermal cells and seems to be related to the special organization of the setal patches, because it is absent in juveniles; they have single neuropodial rows of hooked setae per segment. New setae are formed at the dorsal and caudal edges of each patch, whereas the degeneration of setae is observed at the frontal edge of each patch. Microvilli project from the apex of the chaetoblast into canals within the fully differentiated setae. These canals remain when the microvilli are withdrawn from the seta during formation. Each hook is formed by a single large microvillus. The results of the present paper substantiate the hypothesis of a homology of the hooked setae in the Oweniida and other Annelida. These results and data from the literature support the hypothesis that the Oweniida is the sister-group of a monophylum which consists of the Terebellida, Pogonophora, and Sabellida.
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ERMILOV, SERGEY G., ALEXANDER E. ANICHKIN, and DONGHUI WU. "Two new species of the genus Papillacarus (Acari: Oribatida: Lohmanniidae) from caves of Southern Vietnam." Zootaxa 3593, no. 1 (2012): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3593.1.4.
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An annotated checklist of oribatid mite taxa from three caves of Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve (Southern Vietnam) is pro-vided. We recorded 33 species, 29 genera and 16 families, of which 10 species, five genera and two families were foundin Vietnam for the first time. Three species, Malaconothrus variosetosus, Discoppia cylindrica and Machuella lineata, arefor the first time recorded from the Oriental region. Two new cave species of the genus Papillacarus are described. Papil-lacarus indistinctus sp. nov. is morphologically most similar to Papillacarus polygonatus Ermilov & Anichkin, however,it differs from the latter by the types of neotrichal setae, length of notogastral setae, morphology of some genital setae,epimeral setal formula, number of subcapitular setae m and palptarsal setae. P. polysetosus sp. nov. is morphologicallymost similar to Papillacarus jinggangshanensis Chen, Yang & Liang and P. konglinensis Chen & Yang, but differs fromboth by body size, body surface, length of certain notogastral setae, number of subcapitular setae m, and epimeral setal formula. An identification key to the Vietnamese species of Papillacarus is presented.
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ALARIE, YVES, MARIANO C. MICHAT, and KELLY B. MILLER. "Notation of primary setae and pores on larvae of Dytiscinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), with phylogenetic considerations." Zootaxa 3087, no. 1 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3087.1.1.
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An analysis of the primary setae and pores of first instars of 13 species of Dytiscinae was performed to deduce the ancestral system of primary setae and pores of the head capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphus. One hundred and thirty-one setae, 69 pores and three setal groups have been assigned to the ground-plan pattern of the dytiscine larva, 27 setae and 20 pores on the head capsule; 30 setae, 25 pores and three setal groups on the cephalic appendages; 51 setae and 18 pores on the legs; 15 setae and three pores on the last abdominal segment; and eight setae and three pores on the urogomphus. A hypothesis of the phylogeny of the tribes of Dytiscinae is presented on a cladistic analysis of first instar chaetotaxy characters conducted using the program TNT. All tribes of Dytiscinae were included with larger tribes represented by multiple genera. Our concept of the subfamily Dytiscinae as defined on the basis of first instar chaetotaxy was found separated into three distinct clades: (1) Cybistrini, (2) Dytiscini + Hyderodini, and (3) Aubehydrini + Hydaticini + Eretini + Aciliini. The proposed relationships of the tribes of Dytiscinae are ((Cybistrini + (Hyderodini + Dytiscini)) + (Aubehydrini + (Hydaticini + (Eretini + Aciliini)))). Characters useful for phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily are described and illustrated.
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Seniczak, Stanisław, Anna Seniczak, and Sławomir Kaczmarek. "Morphological ontogeny of Peloribates longipilosus (Acari, Oribatida, Haplozetidae)." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 3 (2018): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.3.10.
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The morphological ontogeny of Peloribates longipilosus Csiszár, 1962, in Csiszár & Jeleva, 1962 is described and illustrated. The juveniles of this species have most prodorsal and gastronotal setae long and some gastronotal setae with excentrosclerites. The larva has 12 pairs of gastronotal setae, including h3, whereas the nymphs have 15 pairs. The larva has excentrosclerites at one pair of setae (c2), whereas nymphs have them at 11 pairs (c1,c2, d- l- and h-series). The notogaster of adult loses seta c3 and 14 pairs of long setae remain, and this setal pattern is the most primitive in Haplozetidae, other species have 10, 11 or 13 pairs of notogastral setae.
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Hines, Heather M., Shelby Kerrin Kilpatrick, István Mikó, Daniel Snellings, Margarita M. López-Uribe, and Li Tian. "The diversity, evolution, and development of setal morphologies in bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus spp.)." PeerJ 10 (December 21, 2022): e14555. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14555.
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Bumble bees are characterized by their thick setal pile that imparts aposematic color patterns often used for species-level identification. Like all bees, the single-celled setae of bumble bees are branched, an innovation thought important for pollen collection. To date no studies have quantified the types of setal morphologies and their distribution on these bees, information that can facilitate understanding of their adaptive ecological function. This study defines several major setal morphotypes in the common eastern bumble bee Bombus impatiens Cresson, revealing these setal types differ by location across the body. The positions of these types of setae are similar across individuals, castes, and sexes within species. We analyzed the distribution of the two most common setal types (plumose and spinulate) across the body dorsum of half of the described bumble bee species. This revealed consistently high density of plumose (long-branched) setae across bumble bees on the head and mesosoma, but considerable variation in the amount of metasomal plumosity. Variation on the metasoma shows strong phylogenetic signal at subgeneric and smaller group levels, making it a useful trait for species delimitation research, and plumosity has increased from early Bombus ancestors. The distribution of these setal types suggests these setae may serve several functions, including pollen-collecting and thermoregulatory roles, and probable mechanosensory functions. This study further examines how and when setae of the pile develop, evidence for mechanosensory function, and the timing of pigmentation as a foundation for future genetic and developmental research in these bees.
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Solé, Marta. "Statocyst Ultrastructure in the Norwegian Lobster (Nephrops norvegicus)." Biology 13, no. 5 (2024): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13050325.
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Statocyst anatomy and fine morphology in Norwegian lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) are studied for the first time using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. N. norvegicus exhibits sensory setae projecting from the statocyst inner cavity floor into a mass of sand granules (statoconia) embedded in a gelatinous substance. The setae are distributed in four areas: a curved field made up of an inner single row and an outer double row that run on a circle around the medial and lateral rim of the central depression, a small setal field in the posterior part, a large setal field, opposite to the small field, and a short row, running internally and lying parallel to the inner single row, next to the small setal field. A study of the fine morphology of the statocyst sensory setae shows that the structure of the setae in the different areas is similar, with a bulb (the proximal portion of the sensillum), a setal shaft, a tooth (the smooth portion of the bulb), a fulcrum (a transverse fold), and filamentous hairs. The hair cells are firmly implanted within the cuticular layer. Although the type of innervation of the statocyst was not determined in the present study, the close taxonomic position of the lobster to that of the crayfish and crab would suggest that the setae in N. norvegicus are pure mechanoreceptors rather than sensory cells.
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FUANGARWORN, MARUT, and CHARIYA LEKPRAYOON. "Description of two new species of Nothrolohmannia Balogh, 1968 (Acari: Oribatida: Hypochthoniidae) from Thailand, with key to known species." Zootaxa 3170, no. 1 (2012): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3170.1.4.
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The oribatid mite genus Nothrolohmannia Balogh is reported for the first time from mainland Asia, represented by twonew species from Thailand: N. thailandica sp. nov. and N. flagellata sp. nov. They are described and illustrated based onadult specimens from leaf litter of seasonal dry tropical forests. Nothrolohmannia thailandica sp. nov. is recognized byhaving two large, elongate, adjacent unpaired notogastral porose areas between setal pairs c1–d1; a pectinate sensilluswithout hyaline coating; relatively short notogastral setae: seta c1 does not exceed distance between c1–d1, and setae e1–2 are about half the length of other dorsal setae; uniformly simple epimeral setae; a short posterior sternal apodeme; het-eromorphic genital setae; and three pairs of adanal setae. Nothrolohmannia flagellata sp. nov. is unique among its conge-ners in having curly, flagellate setae on the body and legs. A key to the five known species of the genus, all from the Oriental and Australasian Realms, is presented.
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Trejo-Ventura, Ivonne, Gema Armendáriz, José Luis Villalobos, and Fernando Álvarez. "Morphology of the feeding apparatus of cave shrimps of the genus Typhlatya (Decapoda: Atyidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula and comparison with epigean species." Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 94 (June 20, 2023): e945230. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2023.94.5230.
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The setal arrangement on the dactyl and propodus of pereopods 1 and 2, defined here as the feeding apparatus, of 3 species of cave shrimps of the genus Typhlatya (T. mitchelli, T. pearsei, T. dzilamensis) from the Yucatán Peninsula was studied using SEM micrographs. The setae were classified according to their morphology and position in the propodus and dactyl resulting in 6 main types. The 3 Typhlatya species differed slightly in the number of each type of setae and showed some morphological variations, especially in the central setae. A comparison of the setal arrangement of Typhlatya spp. with that of the epigean Potimirim mexicana and P. glabra, showed important differences probably driven by the specialization to specific habitats.
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Markhaseva, E. L. "Vensala incerta (Copepoda, Calanoida): a new genus and species from deep Atlantic waters." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 319, no. 2 (2015): 182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2015.319.2.182.
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A new genus of a benthopelagic copepod is described from females and male taken from the abyss of the South Atlantic close to the sea bed. Vensiasa incerta gen. et sp. n. shares the presence of sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with all other “Bradfordian” members of the Clausocalanoidea. This new genus with a 1, 2, 3 setal pattern on the praecoxal endites of the maxilliped is attributed to the Diaixidae. Vensiasa gen. n. is distinct from all other diaixid genera in the following characters: maxillulary endopod with 5 setae; maxillary endopod setal formula as 6w+2br, worm-like setae differ in morphology between each other, same for brush-like setae; male’s P5 protopods asymmetrical, and left leg endopod is longer than the 3-segmented exopod. A differential diagnosis for the genus is given based on both sexes. Vensiasa gen. n. is now found from equator up to 36°S in the eastern and western South Atlantic.
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SBRUZZI, HÉLLEN, MARLISE LADVOCAT BARTHOLOMEI-SANTOS, and SANDRO SANTOS. "Setal morphology of oral apparatus of Aegla longirostri Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994 (Decapoda: Aeglidae)." Zootaxa 5403, no. 1 (2024): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5403.1.3.
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The seta, a type of projection of the cuticle in crustaceans, has essential mechanical and sensory functions. Due to the diversity of their morphology and distribution patterns on the articles of different appendages, setae can be helpful as taxonomic characters. To assist future studies on the potential use of setae as a diagnostic character in aeglids, we used scanning electron microscopy to analyze the morphology of setae from the oral apparatus of Aegla longirostri Bond-Buckup & Buckup, 1994, and compared our data to the literature. We identified nine setal types (simple, serrate, stout serrate, sword, plumose, pappose, comb, serrulate, and cuspidate), of which the last two had not been previously described in adult aeglids. Our results are a first step towards future comparisons of setal morphology in the genus Aegla, which includes cryptic species complexes, to ascertain the usefulness of setae as a character to aid in the description of species of this group, which has a conserved general morphology.
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KALÚZ, STANISLAV, and SERGEY G. ERMILOV. "A new genus of Pulaeini (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from South–East Asia." Zootaxa 4619, no. 2 (2019): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.12.
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A new genus Lepidocunaxoides gen. nov., with the type species Lepidocunaxoides robustus sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata, Cunaxidae), is described and figured from Vietnam. The general characters of the genus Lepidocunaxoides gen. nov. within the tribe Pulaeini include: palp femurogenu with 6 setae; palp tibiotarsus with 5 setae; setal formula for telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-3 sts; setae f2 absent. It differs from related genera of the subfamily Cunaxoidinae by its paired ventral plates resembling butterfly wings, separating the sternal plate from fused coxae II–IV, by three paired platelets around the genital plates, and by the basifemora I–IV setal formula 3-5–3-2. An undated identification key to the tribes and genera of Cunaxoidinae is provided.
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Wortham, Jen L., and Stephanie Pascual. "Setal morphology of grooming appendages in blue crabs Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 and stone crabs Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae, Menippidae)." Journal of Crustacean Biology 39, no. 4 (2019): 357–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruz032.
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Abstract Respiration, sensory input, movement, and molting rely on crustacean body regions being free of fouling. While the grooming appendages of shrimps have been described, few studies have documented the functional morphology of grooming appendages in brachyuran crabs. Because shrimps and brachyurans have very different body morphology and grooming behaviors, their grooming setae may vary. The morphology of grooming appendages of blue (Callinectes sapidusRathbun, 1896) and stone (Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818)) crabs were investigated to gain better insight into their efficiencies in decreasing fouling. Callinectes sapidus is an active swimmer, migrates through currents across estuaries, spends less time grooming, and is exposed to more environmental variants in contrast to M. mercenaria, which has a lower activity level and spends more time grooming. To compensate for this higher activity level and lower grooming time budget, C. sapidus was predicted to have more setal types on its grooming appendages as compared to M. mercenaria. Thirteen different body appendages/regions involved in grooming are described in both species by using scanning electron and light microscopy. We documented the morphology, presence or absence of setal patches, and types of setae in 104 different grooming appendages and groomed body regions. Of 25 types of setae, nine are unique to C. sapidus, rejecting the hypothesis that C. sapidus have more diverse grooming setae. Menippe mercenaria has denser setal patches and less fouling than C. sapidus. Nine new setal types are described. Fouling, setal diversities, and functions that correspond to grooming behaviors are discussed.
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Lucena, Rudá Amorim, Silvio Felipe B. Lima, and Martin Lindsey Christoffersen. "First record of Pallenopsis fluminensis (Krøyer, 1844) (Pycnogonida: Pallenopsidae) for the coast of the state of Paraíba (northeastern Brazil)." Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza 1, no. 1 (2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29215/pecen.v1i1.164.
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<p align="justify">Uma espécie de picnogonídeo classificada na família Pallenopsidae Fry, 1978 e no gênero Pallenopsis Wilson, 1881 é registrada neste estudo para a costa do estado da Paraíba (nordeste do Brasil), com base na identificação de três espécimes fêmeas coletadas na zona infralitoral em profundidades de 12 a 34 metros. Pallenopsis fluminensis (Krøyer, 1844) é a quarta espécie de Pycnogonida registrada para a região. Até então, apenas Anoplodactylus batangensis (Helfer, 1938), A. eroticus Stock, 1968 e A. mirim Lucena, Araújo &amp; Christoffersen, 2015 haviam sido registradas para a costa da Paraíba. Pallenopsis fluminensis é diagnosticada pelo tronco com setas pequenas na borda distal de cada segmento; probóscide com setas terminais; processos laterais com pequenas setas dorsais; palpos sem setas e reduzidos a um pequeno tubérculo; quela com muitas setas, palma 1.5 vezes mais longa que larga; ovígeros com oito artículos nas fêmeas, sendo os artículos 5 e 6 subiguais, e o 8 pouco menor que o 7; e a tíbia 1 sem uma cobertura densa de setas. Até o momento, P. fluminensis é a única congênere proveniente da costa Atlântica da América do Sul sem uma densa cobertura de setas sobre a tíbia 1.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Palavras chave</strong>: Arthropoda, Chelicerata, Pantopoda, Atlântico oeste, região tropical, zona costeira.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Abstract</strong>: A pycnogonid species classified in the family Pallenopsidae Fry, 1978 and the genus Pallenopsis Wilson, 1881 is recorded in this study for the coast of the state of Paraíba in northeastern Brazil based on the identification of three female specimens collected from the infralittoral zone at depths of 12 to 34 meters. Pallenopsis fluminensis (Krøyer, 1844) is the fourth species of Pycnogonida recorded for the region. To date, only Anoplodactylus batangensis (Helfer, 1938), A. eroticus Stock, 1968 and A. mirim Lucena, Araújo &amp; Christoffersen, 2015 have been recorded for the coast of the state of Paraíba. Pallenopsis fluminensis is diagnosed by a trunk with small setae on the distal border of each segment; proboscis with terminal setae; lateral processes with small setae; palps without setae and reduced to a small knob; chela with many setae, palm 1.5 times longer than wide; ovigers with eight articles on females, articles 5 and 6 subequal and article 8 not much smaller than 7; and tibia 1 without dense cover of the setae. To date, P. fluminensis is the only congener from the Atlantic coast of South America without a dense cover of setae on tibia 1.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Key words</strong>: Arthropoda, Chelicerata, Pantopoda, Western Atlantic, tropical region, coastal zone.</p>
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REN, GUORU, MAOFA YANG, WENQIN LIANG, and LIXIA XIE. "Two new species of the subgenus Papillacarus (Oribatida, Lohmanniidae, Papillacarus) from China." Zootaxa 4462, no. 1 (2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4462.1.4.
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Two new species of Lohmanniidae, Papillacarus (Papillacarus) retinervius sp. nov. from soil in Hainan Province, South China and Papillacarus (Papillacarus) mammilatus sp. nov. from moss and soil in Guizhou Province, Southwest China are described and illustrated. Papillacarus (P.) retinervius sp. nov. is most similar to Papillacarus (P.) polygonatus (Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011), however, it can be distinguished from the latter by the following characterstics: 20–21 pairs of additional neotrichal setae, setae d2, e2, h1, p1 shorter, as long as d1, epimeral setal formula 10-8-4-3. Papillacarus (P.) mammilatus sp. nov. is most similar to Papillacarus (P.) angulatus (Wallwork, 1962), however, it can be distinguished from the latter by the following characterstics: transverse bands S3 complete, eight pairs of subcapitular setae, epimeral setal formula 10-6-3-4.
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Ermilov, Sergey, and Jochen Martens. "Three new species of the subgenus Neoribates (Neoribates) (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) from Nepal." ZooKeys 431 (August 5, 2014): 19–32. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.431.8120.
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Three new parakalummid mites of the subgenus <i>Neoribates </i>(<i>Neoribates</i>),<i> N. </i>(<i>N.</i>)<i> parabulanovae </i><b>sp. n.</b>, <i>N. </i>(<i>N.</i>)<i> paramacrosacculatus </i><b>sp. n. </b>and<i> N. </i>(<i>N.</i>)<i> pararotundus </i><b>sp. n.</b>, are described from Nepalese soils. <i>Neoribates </i>(<i>Neoribates</i>) <i>parabulanovae</i> <b>sp. n. </b>is morphologically most similar to <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>bulanovae</i> Grishina, 2009, <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>rotundus</i> Aoki, 1982 and <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>setiger</i> Balogh & Mahunka, 1978, however, it differs from <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>bulanovae</i> by the body length, body and leg integument, morphology of bothridial setae, absence of aggenital setae, length of interlamellar setae and location of<i> </i>adanal setae <i>ad</i>3; from <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>rotundus</i> by the body size, body integument, morphology of bothridial setae and length of interlamellar setae; from<i> N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>setiger</i> by the body size, number of genital setae and absence of aggenital setae.<i> Neoribates </i>(<i>Neoribates</i>)<i> paramacrosacculatus </i><b>sp. n.</b> is morphologically most similar to <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>macrosacculatus</i> Aoki, 1966, however, it differs from the latter by the body size, body integument, length and morphology of bothridial setae, number of genital setae, absence of lamellar setae and length of interlamellar setae.<i> Neoribates </i>(<i>Neoribates</i>)<i> pararotundus </i><b>sp. n. </b>is morphologically most similar to <i>N</i>. (<i>N</i>.) <i>rotundus</i>, however, it differs from the latter by the number of notogastral setal alveoli, body integument and length of interlamellar setae.
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Seniczak, Stanisław, Anna Seniczak, and Sławomir Kaczmarek. "Morphological ontogeny of Ceratozetes shaldybinae (Acari, Oribatida, Ceratozetidae)." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 3 (2018): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.3.13.
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The morphological ontogeny of Ceratozetes shaldybinae Seniczak et al., 2016c is described and illustrated. The adult of this species has a long lamellar cusp and 10 pairs of notogastral setae or alveolar vestiges, and is similar to that of C. helenae (Pavlichenko, 1993), but differs from the latter mainly by larger porose area A1 and longer seta v" on femur II. However, these species differ more distinctly from one another in the juveniles. The larva of C. shaldybinae has a pygidial shield bearing setal pair dp, whereas C. helenae lacks this shield and setae dp are placed on individual sclerites. In the tritonymph of C. shaldybinae, setae of p- and ad-series are inserted on unsclerotized cuticle, whereas in C. helenae they are placed on microsclerites. The tritonymphs of both species have the same number of setae on the gastronotal shield (five pairs), but in C. shaldybinae setae dm and dp are thicker than in C. helenae. The juveniles of these species differ also by the shape of some setae on the body and legs.
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FAN, QING-HAI, and ZHI-QIANG ZHANG. "Primagistemus gen. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata: Stigmaeidae)." Zootaxa 29, no. 1 (2002): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.29.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
Primagistemus gen. nov. (Acari: Stigmaeidae) is described and its taxonomic position discussed. Adult females of this new genus are distinguished from those of Agistemus by having four pairs of setae on the propodosomal shield, by lacking postocular bodies, by having three pairs of aggenital setae and by having two setae on genu II. They are also distinguished from those of Stigmaeus by the terminal eupathidia on the palptarsus mostly fused and subterminally separated into three minute prongs, by both subcapitular setae posterolaterad of the pharynx, by having only one seta on coxa II, and by lacking endopodal shields around coxae III-IV. A new species, Primagistemus wuyiensis, from leaves of Araucaria sp. in Fujian Province of China, is described and illustrated. This new species is distinguished from the other species of the genus from New Zealand, Primagistemus loadmani (Wood) comb. nov. (transferred from Stigmaeus), by the distally truncated dorsal body setae and by setal lengths.
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ERMILOV, SERGEY G., LEONID B. RYBALOV, and EVGENIYA A. KUZMICHEVA. "New Scheloribates (Acari, Oribatida, Scheloribatidae) from Ethiopia." Zootaxa 5492, no. 2 (2024): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.2.2.
Full textAbstract:
Four new species of the genus Scheloribates (Oribatida, Scheloribatidae)—S. (Scheloribates) flexibilis Ermilov sp. nov., S. (S.) monosetosus Ermilov sp. nov., S. (S.) triangulus Ermilov sp. nov., S. (Topobates) tredecim Ermilov sp. nov.—are described, based on adults collected from litter in the afroalpine and bamboo locations in Ethiopia. Scheloribates (S.) flexibilis differs from the related species S. (S.) longisetosus by the length of aggenital, anal and adanal setae and the morphology of setal bothridial head and anterodorsal part of the leg tibia II. Scheloribates (S.) monosetosus differs from the related species S. (S.) concentricus by the length of anal and adanal setae and translamellar line, and the morphology of the setal bothridial head. Scheloribates (S.) triangulus differs from the related species S. (S.) monosetosus by the morphology of ventrodistal part of the leg femora II–IV, number of setae on the leg genu II, the length of the prolamella, and the development of the notogastral seta p1. Scheloribates (T.) tredecim differs from the related species S. (T.) scheloribatoides by the absence of the prolamella, distinctly longer aggenital, anal and adanal setae, and narrower body.
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PAN, XIAO-JUAN, DAO-CHAO JIN, and TIAN-CI YI. "Redescription of three species of Aponychus from China with ontogenetic development and morphological variations of A. corpuzae (Acariformes: Tetranychidae)." Zootaxa 5324, no. 1 (2023): 185–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5324.1.13.
Full textAbstract:
Ontogenetic development of leg chaetotaxy, stylophore and striae of the dorsal integument, and variations of leg setal counts and length of idiosomal setae in Aponychus corpuzae are discussed. The following changes were observed during the ontogenetic development of A. corpuzae: the depth of the depression in stylophore increases; the dorsal striae gradually reduce in number and prominence; the length of dorsal setae sc1, c1–2, d1–2 and e1 reduce in size; adult dorsal setae much thicker than those of immature stages. There are a significant number of setae suppressed in A. corpuzae, often resulting in unique patterns and sexual dimorphism. The adult males and females of Aponychus firmianae and A. taishanicus from mainland China are redecribed, and a key to all Aponychus from mainland China is provided.
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Ma, Lin, and Xinzheng Li. "A new species of the genus Typhlamphiascus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Miraciidae) from the South China Sea." Crustaceana 90, no. 7-10 (2017): 989–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003679.
Full textAbstract:
A new species,Typhlamphiascus tuerkayisp. nov. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Miraciiidae), is described from specimens collected in the South China Sea. This new species differs from its congeners by the combined characters of the number of chitinous lamellae on the male P1, the apomorphic setal formulae of the swimming legs, and the setal number on P5. The new species is most similar toT. ovaleWells & Rao, 1987 andT. higginsiChullasorn, 2009. It differs from the latter two species by the following features: the caudal ramus about three times as long as broad, P2 exp-3 with three outer spines, P3 enp-3 with two inner setae, P5 basoendopod in the female with four setae, P5 exopod in the female about three times as long as its greatest width, antennule of male 9-segmented, the inner edge of the basis in male P1 with eight chitinous lamellae, P5 exopod in male with four setae.
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Chant, D. A. "Paedomorphosis in the family Phytoseiidae (Acari: Gamasina)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 7 (1993): 1334–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-184.
Full textAbstract:
The Phytoseiidae are characterized by idiosomal hypotrichy. The process of setal suppression that caused this hypotrichy has led to paedomorphosis due to the differential suppression of setae appearing in the later developmental stages of ancestral forms; hence there is a tendency for larval setation to persist into the adult stage of modern phytoseiids, with few setae being added in the later stages of ontogeny. Because setal suppression seems to have been accompanied by reductions in development time and body size, it is suggested that paedomorphosis in this group is of the type defined as sequential progenesis.
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Sidorchuk, Ekaterina A., and Alexander A. Khaustov. "Two Eocene species of peacock mites (Acari: Tetranychoidea: Tuckerellidae)." Acarologia 58, no. 1 (2018): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20184228.
Full textAbstract:
Tuckerellidae are suctorial plant feeders with a wide host range, exploiting both aboveground and underground plant parts. A new species, Tuckerella weiterschani n. sp., is described from Eocene (ca. 40 mya) Baltic amber, and Tuckerella fossilibus Khaustov, Sergeyenko and Perkovsky, 2014 from Eocene Rovno (Ukrainian) amber is redescribed, each based on single holotype specimens. The two mites are morphologically distinct, with most striking differences concerning posterior, H-row of idiosomal setae. Tuckerella fossilibus has unusually large, obovate setae h1, while the other, setae in H-row are robust and fagellate with three different lengths. The new species, T. weiterschani, has small, narrowly lanceolate setae h1, while flagellate h2–h8 are fine, filiform and similar in length. Setae h1–h8 in the holotype of T. weiterschani are held erect and directed forward over the mite’s body, in a position reminiscent of the apparently defensive posture displayed by recent Tuckerella species. Tarsal setations of the two fossils and comparison with those of the recent Tuckerellidae advances discussion on the evolutionary significance of setal variation in acariform mites.
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Mirza, Jawwad Hassan, Muhammad Kamran, and Fahad Jaber Alatawi. "New Genus and New Subgenera of Camerobiid Mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Camerobiidae) with a Key to World Species of the Genus." Insects 13, no. 4 (2022): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13040344.
Full textAbstract:
A new genus, Monobius Alatawi and Kamran, is hereby proposed for the two already described species, viz; M. electrus (Żmudziński) and M. meyerae (Bolland). In addition, the monospecific genus Tillandsobius Bolland is synonymized with the genus Tycherobius Bolland due to variations in the setae number of tibiae I–IV. Further, the genus Neophyllobius Berlese is categorized in two new subgeneric divisions as Neophyllobius Berlese and Monophyllobius Mirza. The number and position of the midventral setae on tarsi I–IV are considered as strong diagnostic generic and subgeneric diagnostic characters. The present study also includes the key to all known species of the genus Neophyllobius. The morphological characters of ten poorly described Neophyllobius species were studied in detail through published literature. The ambiguities in the ventral idiosoma setal notation are highlighted and discussed. It is concluded that two intercoxal setae 3a–4a are always present on small platelets, paired aggenital setae (ag) are present anteriorly and paired genital setae (g) present posteriorly on genital shield. In addition, five records of new species for Saudi Arabia are reported along with re–descriptions of three species.
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Seniczak, Stanisław, Anna Seniczak, and SŁAWOMIR KACZMAREK. "Ceratozetes behani sp. nov. (Acari: Oribatida: Ceratozetidae), a new cryptic species from Mongolia, its morphological ontogeny and comments on some congeners." Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, no. 10 (2017): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.10.15.
Full textAbstract:
Ceratozetes behani sp. nov. from Mongolia and its morphological ontogeny is described and illustrated. It is a cryptic species as adult, similar to C. helenae (Pavlichenko, 1993), but differs distinctly from it by the morphology of juveniles. The adult of C. behani has a similar pattern of the lamellar complex and notogastral setae, and shape of porose areas as C. helenae, but differs from it mainly by having longer setae bv'' and v" on femur II and slimmer femora III and IV. In contrast, the juveniles of C. behani have most prodorsal and gastronotal setae with long spines, whereas in C. helenae these setae are plumose. Moreover, the larva C. behani has a pygidial shield, whereas that of C. helenae has not. The nymphs of both species have the gastronotal shield, but in C. behani it is uniform, with setal pairs dm, dp and h1, whereas in C. helenae it is divided in two parts, with one pair (da) and five pairs of setae (dm, dp, and h-series), respectively.
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Singla, Saranshu, Dharamdeep Jain, Chelsea M. Zoltowski, et al. "Direct evidence of acid-base interactions in gecko adhesion." Science Advances 7, no. 21 (2021): eabd9410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd9410.
Full textAbstract:
While it is generally accepted that van der Waals (vdW) forces govern gecko adhesion, several studies indicate contributions from non-vdW forces and highlight the importance of understanding the adhesive contact interface. Previous work hypothesized that the surface of gecko setae is hydrophobic, with nonpolar lipid tails exposed on the surface. However, direct experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis and its implications on the adhesion mechanism is lacking. Here, we investigate the sapphire-setae contact interface using interface-sensitive spectroscopy and provide direct evidence of the involvement of acid-base interactions between polar lipid headgroups exposed on the setal surface and sapphire. During detachment, a layer of unbound lipids is left as a footprint due to cohesive failure within the lipid layer, which, in turn, reduces wear to setae during high stress sliding. The absence of this lipid layer enhances adhesion, despite a small setal-substrate contact area. Our results show that gecko adhesion is not exclusively a vdW-based, residue-free system.
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Fernandez, Nestor, and Pieter Theron. "Two new oribatid mites from the Republic of Rwanda. Plasmobates zarae sp. n. (Acari, Plasmobatidae) and Basilobelba spasmenosi sp. n. (Acari, Basilobelbidae)." ZooKeys 598 (June 14, 2016): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.598.8972.
Full textAbstract:
Two new species of oribatid mites, Plasmobates zarae sp. n. and Basilobelba spasmenosi sp. n. are described from the Republic of Rwanda. They can easily be differentiated from other species by a number of characters. Plasmobates zarae sp. n. is differentiated the following characters. four types of particular cerotegumental layers. Integument slightly foveate to smooth on prodorsum; foveate on notogaster; ventral region rugose to smooth.Large rostral setae inserted on protuberance, whip-shaped, with longitudinal pucker; interlamellar setae rod-shaped with triangular scales; interlamellar setae small. Medial band on prodorsum extending to anterior of central part, but not reaching rostrum. Bothridium horn-shaped; opening basally incised with rectilinear wall, internal bothridial rings dentate. Sensillus whip-like, with minute triangular scales. Variably distributed circumgastric macropores. Opisthosomal gland apophysis flat, triangular in lateral view and cylindrical in posterolateral view. Six pairs of notogastral setae, all situated posterior to opisthosomal gland level. Aggenital setae not detected; three pairs of adanal setae; two pairs of anal setae present. Nymphal scalps simple without anterior tuft or filaments, with dentate peripheral ridge. Larval scalp shaped like Chinese hat. Basilobelba spasmenosi sp. n. is characterized by the combination of the following characters: Cerotegument: thick basal layer with amorphous coat and cavities of different sizes, as well as structures resembling small cauliflowers. Setation: simple: notogastral, epimeral, genital, anal; simple long, basally barbate: le, ro setae; simple, whip-shaped: ex setae; medium length, sharpened tip with thorns on surface: in setae, leg setae; Flabellate: setae situated in ventral neotrichous zone. Thorn-like barbs and more or less parallel longitudinal grooves present on body surface of le, ro, in and leg setae. Prodorsum: rostrum finger-shaped, relative sizes of setae: le > ro > in > ex. Prodorsal cuticular surface smooth with shallow transversal furrow and two oblique furrows determining two triangular structures. Large humpbacked CSO situated anterior to and in medial line with in setal insertion, dorsal bothridial opening. Notogaster swollen, hemispheric; nine pairs of minute setae, only h<sub>1</sub>, h<sub>2</sub>, h3 easily identifiable, cuticular wart and dimple clearly visible. Humeral apophysis with longitudinal furrow dorsally. Elongate chelicera with cha, chb setae, behind them a series of scales directed dorsoventrally. Epimeral setation 3-1-3-3, adanal-aggenital neotrichy with between 8-10 setae. Nymphal scalps with very particular bean-shaped structure on either side of the decoupage zone, surrounding horn-like structure. Scalps with cuticular polyhedral reticulate to ovoid structure, often forming a cavity, either completely perforated or with a thin cuticular layer resembling an interior membrane.
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SEEMAN, OWEN D. "A new species of Paradiplogynium (Acari: Diplogyniidae) from Titanolabis colossea (Dohrn) (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae), Australia’s largest earwig." Zootaxa 1386, no. 1 (2007): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1386.1.3.
Full textAbstract:
Paradiplogynium nahmani sp. n. is described from three specimens taken from the Colossus Earwig Titanolabis colossea (Dohrn) in Australia. This new species differs from its only congeneric species, Paradiplogynium panesthia Womersley, by its larger body size and presence of one pair of latigynial setae (instead of two pairs). Setal designations are given for leg setae. Leg chaetotaxy for this species is compared with previous data and is generally, but not entirely, consistent with other Diplogyniidae.
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SENICZAK, STANISŁAW, and ANNA SENICZAK. "Morphological ontogeny of Minunthozetes semirufus (Acari: Oribatida: Punctoribatidae)." Zootaxa 4540, no. 1 (2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.8.
Full textAbstract:
The morphological ontogeny of Minunthozetes semirufus (C.L. Koch, 1841) is redescribed and illustrated. The juveniles of this species have a humeral organ and a gastronotal shield, which bears four pairs of setae (dm, dp, lp, h1) in the larva, and 10 pairs (d-, l-, h-series, p1) in the nymphs. In the larva, the anterior part of gastronotal shield (pygidium) reaches the insertions of setal pair dm. In the juveniles, the prodorsal and gastronotal setae are short, and in the nymphs setae of c-series are inserted on separate microsclerites. In the larva, 12 pairs of gastronotal setae are present, including h3, in the nymphs there are 15 pairs. In the nymphs of M. semirufus, solenidion ω2 on tarsus I is located anterolateral to solenidion ω1, whereas in the adult it is located posterior to ω1. In the tritonymph, seta l’ is added on femora I and II, whereas seta l” on these femora is added in the adult, which is unique in Punctoribatidae.
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Rizzo, N. W., K. H. Gardner, D. J. Walls, N. M. Keiper-Hrynko, T. S. Ganzke, and D. L. Hallahan. "Characterization of the structure and composition of gecko adhesive setae." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 3, no. 8 (2005): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2005.0097.
Full textAbstract:
The ability of certain reptiles to adhere to vertical (and hang from horizontal) surfaces has been attributed to the presence of specialized adhesive setae on their feet. Structural and compositional studies of such adhesive setae will contribute significantly towards the design of biomimetic fibrillar adhesive materials. The results of electron microscopy analyses of the structure of such setae are presented, indicating their formation from aggregates of proteinaceous fibrils held together by a matrix and potentially surrounded by a limiting proteinaceous sheath. Microbeam X-ray diffraction analysis has shown conclusively that the only ordered protein constituent in these structures exhibits a diffraction pattern characteristic of β-keratin. Raman microscopy of individual setae, however, clearly shows the presence of additional protein constituents, some of which may be identified as α-keratins. Electrophoretic analysis of solubilized setal proteins supports these conclusions, indicating the presence of a group of low-molecular-weight β-keratins (14–20 kDa), together with α-keratins, and this interpretation is supported by immunological analyses.
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DEMITE, PETERSON R., WILTON P. da CRUZ, JAMES A. McMURTRY, and GILBERTO J. De MORAES. "Amazoniaseius imparisetosus n. sp., n. g.: an unusual new phytoseiid mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from the Amazon forest." Zootaxa 4236, no. 2 (2017): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4236.2.5.
Full textAbstract:
A new genus and species of the subfamily Typhlodrominae are described from the Brazilian Amazon. The main differences between this and all other phytoseiid species are the presence of two unpaired setae on dorsal shield of deutonymphs and adults, and the absence of all ZV setae. It also differs from other typhlodromine species by its relatively long J5 setae, the presence of seta J4 and the broadly rounded posterior margin of the genital shield. Thus, the unique idiosomal setal pattern of this species is here designated as 13A+x:8F+X/JV-3,4:ZV-1–3. Because of the unique characteristics, we here describe this new taxon, Amazoniaseius imparisetosus n. sp., n. g., based on protonymphs, deutonymphs and adult females. This species is accommodated in tribe Paraseiulini Wainstein within Typhlodrominae, due to the presence of the setae z6 and S4. The tribe is redefined and an updated dichotomous key for the separation of the genera of Paraseiulini is provided.
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MARKHASEVA, ELENA L., and KNUD SCHULZ. "A new family and genus of calanoid copepods (Crustacea) from the abyss of the Atlantic Ocean." Zootaxa 2304, no. 1 (2009): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2304.1.2.
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Kyphocalanus gen. nov. is described from female specimens collected at abyssal depths above the sea bed in the Atlantic Ocean. Although the new genus shares the presence of sensory setae on maxilla and maxilliped with other Bradfordian families of the superfamily Clausocalanoidea, it does not fit the diagnosis of any of these families. The family Kyphocalanidae fam. nov. is established for the genus and 4 species are identified, although we only had enough suitable material to name one of them: Kyphocalanus atlanticus sp. nov. Kyphocalanidae is defined by the following apomorphies: maxillule supplied with 3 setae on praecoxal arthrite; maxilla endopod has 8 thick worm-like sensory setae distinctly longer than sclerotized setae of maxilla endites, and the maxilliped shows a 1, 2, 0 setal armament with only worm-like sensory elements of the three praecoxal endites respectively. Segmentation and setation of the swimming legs of the new genus are typical of Clausocalanoidea.
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SHRUBOVYCH, JULIA, and CYRILLE D’HAESE. "Phylogeny of Australian Acerentomidae species (Protura: Acerentomidae), with a key to identification." Zootaxa 5453, no. 1 (2024): 86–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5453.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
The materials of three Acerentomidae species from Australia and Tasmania were studied. Additional morphological characters, such as chaetotaxy of head and notal segments, shape of body setae and porotaxy, are provided based on new materials of Australentulus westraliensis from Australia and Tasmanentulus tasmanicus from Tasmania. A new species, Amphientulus markstivensi, is described from Tasmania. The steps of reduction of morphological characters along the presumed phylogenetic line Acerentulus – Australentulus – Tasmanentulus – Amphientulus are discussed. The apical tuft of setae on the labial palps is reduced in Australentulus, Tasmanentulus and Amphientulus. In Tasmanentulus and Amphientulus there is also a reduction of setal number to two setae on abdominal legs. Phylogenetic relationships within Australian Acerentomidae genera are discussed. An identification key to Australian Acerentomidae species is provided.
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Gravish, Nick, Matt Wilkinson, and Kellar Autumn. "Frictional and elastic energy in gecko adhesive detachment." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 5, no. 20 (2007): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.1077.
Full textAbstract:
Geckos use millions of adhesive setae on their toes to climb vertical surfaces at speeds of over 1 m s −1 . Climbing presents a significant challenge for an adhesive since it requires both strong attachment and easy, rapid removal. Conventional pressure-sensitive adhesives are either strong and difficult to remove (e.g. duct tape) or weak and easy to remove (e.g. sticky notes). We discovered that the energy required to detach adhering tokay gecko setae ( W d ) is modulated by the angle ( θ ) of a linear path of detachment. Gecko setae resist detachment when dragged towards the animal during detachment ( θ =30°) requiring W d =5.0±0.86 (s.e.) J m −2 to detach, largely due to frictional losses. This external frictional loss is analogous to viscous internal frictional losses during detachment of pressure-sensitive adhesives. We found that, remarkably, setae possess a built-in release mechanism. Setae acted as springs when loaded in tension during attachment and returned elastic energy when detached along the optimal path ( θ =130°), resulting in W d =−0.8±0.12 J m −2 . The release of elastic energy from the setal shaft probably causes spontaneous release, suggesting that curved shafts may enable easy detachment in natural, and synthetic, gecko adhesives.
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DE ARAÚJO, MARCEL SANTOS, MARIA ELINA BICHUETTE, GARY R. BAUCHAN, RONALD OCHOA, and REINALDO JOSÉ FAZZIO FERES. "A new species of cave dwelling Neocarus (Acari: Opilioacaridae) from Bahia state, Brazil, with remarks on taxonomic characters." Zootaxa 4402, no. 2 (2018): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
Neocarus coronatus n. sp., is described from caves and the surrounding epigean habitats from a karst area of São Desidério county, Bahia state, Brazil. A dissection procedure is presented for the better use of scarce Opilioacaridae material, especially to analyze gut contents. Sexual dimorphism is presented, mainly differences in the density of setae on the dorsal shield in the prominent triangular anterior region. Females have an ovipositor with 3 pairs of smooth digitiform projections and 6–8 eugenital setae. Adults have a palpal tibiotarsus with 4 d setae. Using Low-Temperature Scanning Electron Microscopy (LT-SEM), evaluation of the chaetotaxy (especially setal shape) and morphology are greatly improved over standard light microscopy techniques enhancing the interpretation of characters for species differentiation. Also, we discuss the fragility of microinvertebrates in cave habitats.
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Martin, Joel W., and Jennifer C. Christiansen. "A morphological comparison of the phyllopodous thoracic limbs of a leptostracan (Nebalia sp.) and a spinicaudate conchostracan (Leptestheria sp.), with comments on the use of Phyllopoda as a taxonomic category." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 12 (1995): 2283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-270.
Full textAbstract:
The fourth thoracic appendage of an adult female Nebalia sp. (class Malacostraca, order Leptostraca) is compared with that of an adult female Leptestheria sp. (class Branchiopoda, order Spinicaudata). Although these limbs are "phyllopodous" (flattened, leaflike) in both orders, they differ markedly in the size and arrangement of endites, type and number of setae, and function. Setal types found on the fourth thoracopod of Nebalia sp. are variations of a basic plumose or plumodentate seta, and the diversity of setal types is low. None of the setae is annulate, a distinction in setal formation. In contrast, on the fourth thoracopod of Leptestheria sp. there is a wide variety of setal types and stout spines, some of which have been reported from other "conchostracans" (orders Spinicaudata and Laevicaudata) but not from the thoracopods of any leptostracan. Nearly all of the setae are annulate. Thus, the single character (phyllopodous thoracic appendages) supposedly linking leptostracans and branchiopods in some classificatory schemes (e.g., the class Phyllopoda sensu Schram) has clearly arisen independently in these two taxa and in several other crustacean groups, and cannot be used as an indicator of phylogenetic affinity. The rejection of the class Phyllopoda as defined by Schram is supported, as are arguments for retention of leptostracans within the Malacostraca. The use of Phyllopoda as a taxonomic name, regardless of which crustacean groups are considered to compose the taxon, is discouraged in light of the rather convoluted history and inconsistent application of this term.
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ERDEK, MELEK. "A new species of the solifuge genus Galeodes Olivier, 1791 from southeastern Turkey (Solifugae, Galeodidae)." Zootaxa 4991, no. 1 (2021): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4991.1.5.
Full textAbstract:
The family Galeodidae Sundevall, 1833 is the most speciose family of order Solifugae. A new galeodid, Galeodes hakkariensis sp. n., is described and illustrated on the basis of both sexes from Hakkari Province in Turkey. The flagellum, flagellar complex setae, setal arrangements on the tarsi and metatarsi of pedipalps and walking legs, shape and number of the stridulatory setae, dentition, and the other characteristics are described and illustrated in details. With this description, the number of known species of Galeodes Olivier, 1791 is raised to 174.
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SENICZAK, STANISŁAW, and ANNA SENICZAK. "Differentiation of external morphology of Oribatulidae (Acari: Oribatida) in light of the ontogeny of three species." Zootaxa 3184, no. 1 (2012): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3184.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper the differentiation of external morphology and ontogeny of Oribatulidae were investigated, on the basis ofPhauloppia lucorum (C. L. Koch, 1841), Lucoppia burrowsi (Michael, 1890), and Oribatula tibialis (Nicolet, 1855),which ontogeny is described and illustrated here for the first time. The juveniles of these species have smooth cuticle, aclavate sensillus with barbed head, and similar formulae of coxisternal, genital and aggenital setae, but differ mainly inbody size, formulae of gastronotal setae, number of setal excentrosclerites on the gastronotum, and shape of some setae.The number of setal excentrosclerites and presence of seta h 3 in larva differ the juveniles of Ph. lucorum and L. burrowsifrom those of O. tibialis, and seem to have generic value, and are also associated with the number of notogastral setae inadults (14 pairs in two former species, 13 pairs in latter species). The juveniles of O. tibialis lack excentrosclerite at setalm, comparing to those of Ph. lucorum and L. burrowsi, and this morphological character is shared with ScheloribatesBerlese, 1908 and Liebstadia Oudemans, 1906 from the family Scheloribatidae. The larva of O. tibialis lacks seta h 3 , sim-ilarly as that of Scheloribates, while the larvae of Ph. lucorum, L. burrowsi, and Liebstadia have this seta. Presence ofsetal pair c 3 in adult of Zygoribatula cf. frisiae (Oudemans, 1900) is recorded here for the first time, which indicates the order of loss of setae of c-series in Oribatulidae according to Grandjean (1951, 1958, 1968).
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Stuart, Tobi, and David Macmillan. "Development of Spines and Sensory Setae on the Tailfan of the Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii Hutton, 1875) (Crustacea: Decapoda)." Australian Journal of Zoology 45, no. 3 (1997): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo97001.
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The pattern of development of setae on the dorsal surface of the telson of juvenile southern rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) was followed in individual animals through the first six post-settlement stages by collecting and examining their exuviae by scanning electron and light microscopy. The commonest seta is long and plumose, closely similar in appearance to the hydrodynamic receptors of other crayfish and rock lobsters. These occur only on spines raised above the surrounding surface. The spines are arranged in longitudinal columns. New spines are mostly added posteriorly so that the rostral ones are the oldest and largest, although they can also develop in midcolumn. The rate of addition of setae to spines is constant on all spines within and between animals. These two modes of addition occurring together result in an ordered pattern of setal density grading from anterior to posterior and from the midline laterally. This pattern of setal development differs from those described on the tailfan of crayfish and has not been described previously in any crustacean. Because the number of neurons that innervate setae of this type is constant, the developmental pattern may provide insight into the way in which integumental innervation develops.
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Akrami, Mohammad Ali, Fatemeh Ordouni, and Sara Ramroodi. "A new species of Pergalumna (Acari: Oribatida: Galumnidae) from southeastern Iran, including a key to all species of the genus from the Palaearctic region." Systematic and Applied Acarology 26, no. 2 (2021): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.26.2.5.
Full textAbstract:
A new species of oribatid mite of the family Galumnidae, Pergalumna sistanbaluchestanica sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on adult specimens from soil in Sistan and Baluchestan province, southeastern Iran. The new species is characterized by dentate rostrum; long interlamellar setae; long, setiform, finely barbed bothridial setae; complete dorsosejugal furrow; large, nearly triangular porose areas Aa; presence of median pore in females and males; large, elongated postanal porose area and large body size. The new species is most similar morphologically to P. seminervosa Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp, 2008, however, differs from it in morphology of bothridial setae and notogastral porose areas Aa and also by the surface ornamentation of the pteromorphs and genital plates; localization of setal alveoli la and lyrifissures im and body size. An identification key to known species of Pergalumna from the Palaearctic region is given.
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Garm, A. "Revising the definition of the crustacean seta and setal classification systems based on examinations of the mouthpart setae of seven species of decapods." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142, no. 2 (2004): 233–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00132.x.
Full textAbstract:
Garm, A. (2004): Revising the definition of the crustacean seta and setal classification systems based on examinations of the mouthpart setae of seven species of decapods. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142 (2): 233-252, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00132.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00132.x
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Seniczak, Stanisław, Anna Seniczak, and Stephen J. Coulson. "Morphological ontogeny, distribution of Hermannia scabra (Acari: Oribatida: Hermanniidae) in Svalbard and descriptive population parameters." Acarologia 57, no. 4 (2017): 877–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20174214.
Full textAbstract:
The morphological ontogeny and distribution of Hermannia scabra (L. Koch, 1879) in Arctic Svalbard and descriptive population parameters were investigated. All instars of H. scabra are stocky, as in other species of Hermannia Nicolet, 1855, and have the same gastronotal setal ontogeny (12 pairs in the larve and 16 pairs in the nymphs and adults). In this species, the prodorsal setae are similar to other species of Hermannia, except for the bothridial seta which is clavate, as in H. reticulata Thorell, 1871. In other species of Hermannia the bothridial seta is setiform. Most prodorsal and gastronotal setae of H. scabra are phylliform whereas in other Hermannia species they are thickened. The number of epimeral setae in the nymphs and adults and the ontogeny of leg setae are characteristic for H. scabra. This species has a holarctic distribution and in Svalbard is not as common as H. reticulata, but it achieves higher density than the latter species, mainly due to the abundance of juveniles. Hermannia scabra prefers moist and wet localities, and in Svalbard the highest density is achieved in vegetation class 8 (wet vegetated flats, beaches, slopes and river fans with some exposed Dryas vegetation and graminoids Luzula sp.).
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SENICZAK, STANISŁAW, OTILIA IVAN, TOMASZ MARQUARDT, and ANNA SENICZAK. "Morphological ontogeny of Oribatella similesuperbula (Acari: Oribatida: Oribatellidae)." Zootaxa 5086, no. 1 (2021): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5086.1.8.
Full textAbstract:
Morphological ontogeny of Oribatella similesuperbula Weigmann, 2001 based on specimens from Romania, is described and illustrated. The nymphs of this species are apopheredermous, i.e. they carry the exuvial scalps of previous instars away from the dorsal integument, using modified setal pair da. The prodorsal and most gastronotal setae of juveniles are long and barbed, except for medium sized h2 and minute h3 in the larva, and medium sized c1, p2 and p3 in the nymphs. The larva has 12 pairs of gastronotal setae, the nymphs have 15 pairs. In all juveniles, a humeral organ is present.
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NEFF, JOHN L., BERYL B. SIMPSON, NEAL L. EVENHUIS, and GREGG DIERINGER. "Character analysis of adaptations for tarsal pollen collection in the Bombyliidae (Insecta: Diptera): the benefits of putting your foot in your mouth." Zootaxa 157, no. 1 (2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.157.1.1.
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Using direct observations and analyses of gut contents, we document that pollen feeding is widespread among female bombyliid flies. Pollen feeding is typically indirect with the initial pollen acquisition accomplished by foretarsal stroking of the anthers. Observations of the foretarsi using light and scanning electron microscopy showed that the foretarsi bear modified setae that play a role in pollen collection. Across the family, we found considerable variation in the morphology and distribution of the foretarsal setae that appear to be more related to phylogeny than pollen host. The major patterns of foretarsal setal specialization are illustrated and discussed.
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LI, ZHAO-HUI, JIAN-XIU CHEN, and JING LI. "A new species of the genus Papirioides (Collembola: Dicyrtomidae) from China." Zootaxa 1499, no. 1 (2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1499.1.3.
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A new species, Papirioides zhejiangensis, is described from Zhejiang Province of East China. It shares the presence of a dorsal club on the great abdomen with the two Indonesian species, P. tonsori Greenslade 1994 and P. jacobsoni Folsom 1924, and the Japanese species P. uenoi Uchida 1957. The new species is close to P. tonsori in the circumanal and dens setae; however, it differs from the latter in the facial setal pattern, length of dorsal club on the great abdomen, and number of short spines on the club. It is very similar to P. jacobsoni in the color pattern; however, it is readily distinguished from the latter by the facial setal pattern, length of dorsal club on the great abdomen, circumanal setae and other features. A species list and a key to the species of the genus are provided.
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BU, YUN, MAYSA FERNANDA VILLELA REZENDE SOUZA, and JAIME MAYORAL. "New and interesting palpigrades (Arachnida, Palpigradi) of the genera Koeneniodes Silvestri, 1913 and Prokoenenia Börner, 1901 from Asia." Zootaxa 4990, no. 1 (2021): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4990.1.3.
Full textAbstract:
Two new species of palpigrades are described: a soil-dwelling species of the genus Koeneniodes Silvestri, 1913 from a broadleaf forest in Tibet and an extraordinary cave-dwelling species from Jinhua cave in China belonging to Prokoenenia Börner, 1901. Koeneniodes tibetanus sp. n. is related to Koeneniodes spiniger from Thailand. The two species share the presence of four thick and spiniform setae on the second lobe of the female genitalia; they differ in the number of thick setae on opisthosomal sternite IV, the number of cheliceral teeth, the coxal setal formula, and the morphology of the spiniform setae. Prokoenenia sarcodactylica sp. n. is based on an immature female from Jinhua Cave, Beijing. The presence of 18 finger-shaped blades in the lateral organs—unique among palpigrades –, the large body size (2150 μm) and the extremely long basitarsus IV (205 μm) indicate that the new species is the first undoubtedly cave–adapted Prokoenenia. This is also the first record of the genus Prokoenenia from China.
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Butler, Aodhán D., Michael Streng, Lars E. Holmer, and Loren E. Babcock. "Exceptionally preserved Mickwitzia from the Indian Springs Lagerstätte (Cambrian Stage 3), Nevada." Journal of Paleontology 89, no. 6 (2015): 933–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.8.
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AbstractExceptionally preserved specimens of the Cambrian stem-group brachiopod Mickwitzia occidens Walcott, 1908 are described in detail from the Indian Springs Lagerstätte in Nevada, USA. Shell structure and preserved mantle setae from these specimens reveal a variable diagenetic (taphonomic) history and provide insight into the phylogenetic position of mickwitziids. Morphologic and morphometric comparison to M. monilifera (Linnarsson, 1869) from Sweden and M. muralensis Walcott, 1913 from British Columbia, Canada reveals clear species-level distinctions. Scanning electron microscopic analysis allows revision of the generic diagnosis. The Mickwitzia shell is characterized by the presence of inwardly pointing phosphatic cones and tangential setae-bearing tubes. The inwardly pointing cone structures are not consistent with setal bearing structures as previously thought, but rather represent endopunctae-like structures. Acrotretid-like shell structures and shell-penetrating setae in M. occidens strengthen the previously proposed close relationship between stem-group brachiopods and tommotiids, a group of small shelly fossils.
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KABACA, Alper, and Serdar SAK. "Troglophonte Huys & Lee, 2000 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) Cinsinin Değiştirilmiş Diyagnozu ve Yeni Bir Türünün Deskripsiyonu." Commagene Journal of Biology 7, no. 2 (2023): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1356621.
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A new species of the monotypic genus Troglophonte Huys & Lee, 2000 (Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) was discovered among the interstitial samples collected from the Kumada Coast in the Sea of Marmara. The new species can be distinguished from the type species T. spelaea (Chappuis, 1938) by the following characters: (i) female 6-segmented antennule, (ii) P3 exp terminal segment with 7 setae, (iii) female P5 exopodal lobe with 5 setae, (iv) female P5 baseoendopod with 3 setae on endopodal lobe, (v) surface ornamentation of swimming legs, (vi) male P5 baseoendopod distal seta ornamentation, and (vii) male P5 exopod setal ornamentation. The type material of T. spelaea does no longer exist and its diagnosis is concise. Therefore, the generic diagnosis has been updated to include the characters displayed by the new species. Additionally, a phylogenetic analysis including other genera related to the Troglophonte was conducted using parsimony. The results obtained from the phylogenetic analysis were generally consistent with the previous studies.