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Journal articles on the topic 'Signs of similarity'
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Hall, Matthew L., Victor S. Ferreira, and Rachel I. Mayberry. "Phonological similarity judgments in ASL." New Methodologies in Sign Language Phonology: Papers from TISLR 10 15, no. 1 (2012): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.15.1.05hal.
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We created a novel paradigm to investigate phonological processing in sign and asked how age of acquisition (AoA) may affect it. Participants indicated which of two signs was more phonologically similar to a target, and estimated the strength of the resemblance with a mouse click along a continuous scale. We manipulated AoA by testing deaf native and non-native signers, and hearing L2 signers and sign-naïve participants. Consistent with previous research, judgments by the native and L2 signers reflected similarity based on shared phonological features between signs. By contrast, judgments by the non-native signers and sign-naïve participants were influenced by other (potentially visual or somatosensory) properties of signs that native and L2 signers ignored. These results suggest that early exposure to language helps a learner discern which aspects of a linguistic signal are most likely to matter for language learning, even if that language belongs to a different modality.
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LIAO, Chunghsin, and Hiromitsu HAMA. "Extraction of Road Traffic Signs using Similarity of Adjacent Color Information." Proceedings of the ISCIE International Symposium on Stochastic Systems Theory and its Applications 2005 (May 5, 2005): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/sss.2005.8.
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el-Kholy, Salah. "Some Errors in Writing Resulting From Similarity Of Some Hieratic Signs." Abgadiyat 2, no. 1 (2007): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138609-00201005.
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Dryga, V., V. Doronin, L. Karpuk, et al. "Sorting of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seeds by a set of signs." Agrobìologìâ, no. 2(167) (December 9, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2021-167-2-50-56.
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The article presents the research results on the efficiency of switchgrass seeds sorting by a set of characteristics – specifc gravity and aerodynamic properties in order to reduce the biological state of seeds dormancy and germination increase signifcantly. It is experimentally proved that sequential seeds sorting in two stages by a set of features – specifc weight on the pneumatic table and aerodynamic properties on the aspiration column provided a signifcant increase in its germination energy, germination and 1000 seeds weight. Sorting of Morozko variety seeds on the pneumatic table ensured obtaining seeds with germination energy and similarity in positions 1 and 2, respectively – 16–19 % and 20–22 %, while in positions 3–5 these indicators were, respectively – 5–13 % and 9–17 %. Re-sorting of these seeds by aerodynamic properties provided an increase in germination energy and seed similarity from the position of the pneumatic table "3", respectively – by 12 and 13 %, the intermediate fraction – by 14–16 %, and waste – by 19–21 % compared to these indicators to sorting, due to the selection of the lung and with lower seed similarity. Sorting seeds by a set of characteristics provided not only an increase in its quality, but also an increase in the yield of more similar seeds. The most effective way to prepare switchgrass seeds for sowing is to sort them by a set of features – specifc weight and aerodynamic properties, which reduces the biological dormancy of seeds, signifcantly increases its germination energy, similarity, 1000 seeds weight and quality seeds. But this measure does not provide a complete solution to reduce the biological state of dormancy of seeds. Key words: seeds yield, aerodynamic properties, specifc gravity, germination energy, similarity, 1000 seeds weight.
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Yuanjiang Hu, Yuanjiang Hu, Aisen Yang Yuanjiang Hu, Zonghong Zhang Aisen Yang, and Na Qin Zonghong Zhang. "Fault Diagnosis of Train Body Sign Abnormal Pattern with Deep Learning Based Target Detection." 電腦學刊 34, no. 3 (2023): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199115992023063403009.
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<p>With the development of high-speed trains in recent years, security issues have received more attention. Automatic visual inspection of the train operation system for detecting abnormalities has become a fundamental element to guarantee the safety of the train operation. Train body sign patterns like the loss and fracture of signs and lock catch (SLC) on the electrical box cover (EBC) affect the regular operation of the train electrical system. In this paper, to ensure the safe operation of the train, a novel method combining a faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) and similarity metrics is proposed to detect the abnormality of SLCs on train EBC. First, the positions of body train signs of multiple sizes are located by Faster R-CNN. Then, the regions of interest (ROI) are cut out and resized to the same size as the corresponding template images. Finally, by similarity measures, the status of the train body sign pattern is judged by comparing with the given threshold similarity value between ROIs and the template images. It is worth noting that the combination of Faster R-CNN and cosine similarity renders high accuracy in small target detection and strong robustness in image similarity comparison. The effectiveness of the proposed fault detection method and its superiority over the other types of combined methods are verified by actual experiments on the train of Guangzhou Metro Line 2.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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LIAO, Chunghsin, Thi Thi Zin, Toyohisa KANEKO, and Hiromitsu KAMA. "Extraction of Road Traffic Signs using Similarity of Adjacent Color Information(Vision and Recognition 1,Session: MA1-D)." Abstracts of the international conference on advanced mechatronics : toward evolutionary fusion of IT and mechatronics : ICAM 2004.4 (2004): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicam.2004.4.24_3.
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Klopfer, Dale S. "Stroop Interference and Color-Word Similarity." Psychological Science 7, no. 3 (1996): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00348.x.
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Stroop interference refers to the finding that it takes longer to name the color of an incongruent color word (e g, the word blue shown in green) than it does to name the color of a neutral stimulus (e g, a series of number signs shown in green) Incongruent color-word stimuli can differ in the similarity between the color in which the word is printed and the color denoted by the word (e g, the word blue shown in green vs yellow) This research shows that the amount of interference obtained is related to color-word similarity, suggesting that word-reading and color-naming processes interact at a conceptual level prior to response emission
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Revesz, Peter Z. "Decipherment Challenges Due to Tamga and Letter Mix-Ups in an Old Hungarian Runic Inscription from the Altai Mountains." Information 13, no. 9 (2022): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13090422.
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An Old Hungarian Runic inscription from the Altai Mountains with 40 signs has posed some special challenges for decipherment due to several letter mix-ups and the use of a tamga sign, which is the first reported use of a tamga within this type of script. This paper gives a complete and correct translation and draws some lessons that can be learned about decipherment. It introduces sign similarity matrices as a method of detecting accidental misspellings and shows that sign similarity matrices can be efficiently computed. It also explains the importance of simultaneously achieving the three criteria for a valid decipherment: correct signs, syntax, and semantics.
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Osimo, Bruno. "Jakobson: Translation as imputed similarity." Sign Systems Studies 36, no. 2 (2008): 315–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2008.36.2.04.
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Jakobson, in his essays, has tried to insert Peirce’s typology of signs (icon, index, symbol) in his own binary logic, in which every feature of a text may be considered or dismissed either with a 0 or with a 1 (absent, present). In so doing, he used the features “similarity versus contiguity” and “imputed versus factual”, and discovered that the notion of “imputed similarity” was not covered by Peirce’s triad. Hence the search for it. In this article, whose ideological basis and quotations are mostly from Jakobson’s essays, the author tries to show that the notion of “translation” may be the missing link. Starting from Peirce’s main triad, and its initial incomprehension among Western scholars influenced by Saussure, the interpretant is then viewed as the subjective, affective component of sign and its interpretation. Syntax, considered in Peircean and Jakobsonian terms, is iconic. The evolution of meaning, characterizing all communication, is possible thanks to construction and thanks to metaphoric and metonymic connections. In the last part of the article, cultural implications of communication — and translation — are considered.
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Parygina, O. V., I. O. Smirnova, M. V. Oganesyan, et al. "Lichenoid vulvar dermatoses: clinical presentation, morphology, and dermatoscopic signs." Russian Medical Inquiry 4, no. 10 (2020): 617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-10-617-624.
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Lichenoid vulvar dermatoses are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by a number of overlapping signs and/or morphological features. Clinical similarity is accounted for by the appearance of small discrete papules with closely adjacent superficial squamae. The prototype of lichenoid dermatoses is lichen ruber planus. Histologically, lichenoid pattern is characterized by basal epithelial cell damage and a band-like infiltrate in the upper dermis. The International Society on Vulvovaginal Diseases categorizes lichen ruber planus and early lichen sclerosus as dermatoses with this histological pattern. Some authors also classify plasma cell (Zoon) vulvitis as lichenoid vulvar dermatoses. The cause of diagnostic errors lies in the similarity of the clinical and histological presentations of lichenoid vulvar dermatoses. Dermatoscopy should be considered as an additional diagnostic test. Only few studies address the key dermatoscopic signs of vulvar dermatoses. Histological study is important for the differential diagnosis. However, at some stages of disease evolution, vulvar dermatoses can have an overlapping histological pattern. This paper summarizes the data on the clinical, histological, and dermatoscopic presentation of the most common lichenoid vulvar dermatoses, i.e., lichen planus, lichen sclerosus, lichen simplex chronicus, and plasma cell vulvitis. KEYWORDS: lichenoid dermatoses, vulvar dermatoses, lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus, plasma cell vulvitis, Zoon vulvitis, dermoscopy. FOR CITATION: Parygina O.V., Smirnova I.O., Oganesyan M.V. et al. Lichenoid vulvar dermatoses: clinical presentation, morphology, and dermatoscopic signs. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(10):617–624. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-10-617-624.
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Ljungberg, Christina. "Dynamic instances of interaction: The performative function of iconicity in literary texts." Sign Systems Studies 38, no. 1/4 (2010): 270–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2010.38.1-4.10.
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According to C. S. Peirce, resemblance or similarity is the basis for the relationship of iconic signs to their dynamical objects. But what is the basis of resemblance or similarity itself and how is the phenomenon of iconicity generated? How does it function in cultural practices and processes by which various forms of signs are generated (say, for example, the cartographical procedures by which maps are drawn, more generally, the diagrammatic ones by which networks of relationships are iconically represented)? To what extent are they themselves performances (maps are always both the result of mappings and the impetus for re-mappings)? With examples from texts by Virginia Woolf, W. G. Sebald and Reif Larsen, I will argue that literary texts provide us with unique resources for exploring, among other matters, the performative dimension of iconicity in the complex interaction among icon, index and metaphor as a prerequisite for semiosis, the generation of signs.
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Cai, Ni An, Wen Zhao Liang, Shao Qiu Xu, and Fang Zhen Li. "Traffic Sign Recognition Based on SIFT Features." Advanced Materials Research 121-122 (June 2010): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.121-122.596.
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A recognition method for traffic signs based on an SIFT features is proposed to solve the problems of distortion and occlusion. SIFT features are first extracted from traffic signs and matched by using the Euclidean distance. Then the recognition is implemented based on the similarity. Experimental results show that the proposed method, superior to traditional method, can excellently recognize traffic signs with the transformation of scale, rotation, and distortion and has a good ability of anti-noise and anti-occlusion.
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Titova, Anna S. "The distinction between giving a bribe and provocation of a bribe in the criminal law of Russia." Vestnik Yaroslavskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. P. G. Demidova. Seriya gumanitarnye nauki 17, no. 1 (2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.18255/1996-5648-2023-1-112-119.
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The article deals with the issue of distinguishing between two criminally punishable acts that have similar signs of the elements of the crime - giving a bribe and provocation of a bribe. The author analyzes the objective and subjective signs of these elements of the crime. Based on the analysis of bribery and provocation of a bribe, the signs of difference and similarity of these crimes are highlighted. The author concludes that the differentiation of the studied elements of crimes is based on the differences in their objective and subjective characteristics. However, the author points out that when qualifying a criminal act with the external similarity of the crimes under consideration by the law enforcement officer, the key attention should be paid to the distinctive features contained in the subjective side of these acts. In order to properly qualify criminally punishable acts containing signs of provocation of a bribe, the author recommends making appropriate amendments to the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 24 of July 9, 2013 "On Judicial practice in cases of bribery and other corruption crimes".
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Fedorova, L. L. "Towards the Functional Typology of Signs." Critique and Semiotics 37, no. 2 (2019): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2019-2-283-301.
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In this paper, we propose a sketch of the functional classification of the sign as the main object of semiotics. The well-known structural classifications of the sign as a carrier of meaning and information were based on its use in communication, while the cognitive value of the sign as a means of cognition was emphasized. As a mental entity, developing in the process of cognition, from the idea of Possibility to revealing Regularity, the sign was represented by Ch. Pierce, who defined its basic, cognitive, function. In linguistics the role of the sign in communication was especially emphasized, systems of communicative functions of the language sign were proposed by K. Bühler and R. Jacobson. However, the specific tasks that different signs perform are not only related to the aspect of meaning, but also to their significance. Signs that regulate social interaction, as well as signs of art, highlight the value side of their content. R. Barthes believed that the function of a thing can be determined on the basis of its structure – in decomposing it into component parts and then in recomposing it; this way you can understand how the whole works. If you use this method, you can distinguish between different functional character types. In the process of semiosis semantic relations between the two sides of the sign (signans vs signatum) can be different, which allows us to distinguish three main functional types of signs: identifiers, regulators and models. A sign-identifier is usually closely connected with its object, it seems to be “talking about itself”; a sign-regulator has the character of an indication or imperative, it “tells you”, indicating the path to its object; a sign-model recreates the image of an object in another space – it “tells about something”. Modeling signs represent the most complex level of sign organization and semiotic problems. Modeling can use iconic techniques, including the principle of harmonic similarity (or syntactic coding, according to U. Eco), or use the principle of functional similarity. Modifications are possible for any type of signs. The functional types of signs are in a sense correlated with the functions of language in the model of K. Bühler. The proposed classification could systematize ideas about the functions of the sign and the essence of semiosis, in which, according to Ch. Morris, “something functions as a sign”. Functional typology of signs can serve as a methodological basis for a particular semiotic analysis in different areas of semiotics and linguistics.
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Jensen, Cary Robb, Loy A. Anderson, and Joe Mullen. "Determining Perceived Traffic Sign Dimensions with Multidimensional Scaling." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 15 (1988): 928–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118188786761848.
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The evaluation of current and potential traffic signs is necessary in order to ensure that the signs are effective. Laboratory studies are an important first step in evaluating current and potential traffic signs in order to minimize the risk and expense associated with field research. This paper describes the application of multidimensional scaling to traffic signs, a method that appears to be well suited for determining perceived traffic sign dimensions. In two studies subjects judged the similarity of all possible pairs of 16 traffic signs. Three interpretable dimensions were found. These dimensions, in order of extraction, were color/content, message form (pictorial vs. verbal), and shape. The validity of this research technique and the limitations of these research results are discussed.
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Rahmatulloh, Alam, Anjar Ginanjar, Irfan Darmawan, Neng Ika Kurniati, and Erna Haerani. "Chatbot for Diagnosis of Pregnancy Disorders using Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML)." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 7, no. 1 (2023): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.7.1.1595.
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Artificial Intelligence has evolved in sophistication and widespread use. This study aims to create a chatbot application in the health sector regarding the early diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. Based on basic health research, only 44 percent of pregnant women know the danger signs of pregnancy. The chatbot application developed is expected to facilitate and increase knowledge for pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy, especially early diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. The chatbot application was developed with artificial intelligence technology based on Artificial Intelligence Markup Language with the question-answer concept using the Pandorabots framework. The test is carried out in two stages: functional and pattern matching. The functional testing uses the black-box testing method, and the pattern-matching test on the chatbot uses the sentence similarity and bigram methods based on user input and keywords similarity in the bot's knowledge base. The functional testing results show that the chatbot application runs well, with the eligibility criteria reaching 81.4% and the results of the keyword similarity test (pattern matching) are zero to one, in the sense that the value of one has the same similarity between user input and pattern. Meanwhile, the zero value has no similarities, so the bot will respond to it as free input. So it can be concluded that the bot can respond to user questions when the pattern and input have the same level of similarity.
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Brito, Cristiano de Souza, and Marcelo Almeida Bairral. "Triangle similarity: interactions in meshes and slider." Revista Internacional de Pesquisa em Educação Matemática 13, no. 3 (2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37001/ripem.v13i3.3543.
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This article discusses the interactions of (prospective) teachers when performing two tasks in a multiuser, online, virtual, and synchronous version of GeoGebra, the VMTcG. When analyzing the data, the discursive aspects, the modalities of dragging points and the categories of signs present in the process of semiotic mediation are considered. The first episode involves the use of the square grid in a task on congruence of triangles, and the second one, a task on the similarity ratio from a slider. The data make it possible to conclude that the thought processes related to the use of the checkered grid were limited to the exploration of more global properties and relations of ascending aspect, while those related to the use of the slider may represent a more potent form of thought process, which implies both the global observation of properties and the validation of conjectures.
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Mensah, David Kwamena, Micheal Arthur Ofori, George Otieno Orwa, and Paul Hewson. "Traumatic Physiological Vital Sign Fusion: Insight from Composite Spatial Similarity Measure Modelling." Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science 5, no. 2 (2025): 698–712. https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.275.
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This paper develops a non-linear composite similarity-based framework for generating univariate physiological vital signs data from an input multivariate counterpart. The framework is built on mixture random variate using information provided by the inter-relationships among variables. This allows the latent one-dimensional data to be generated as a weighted linear combination of the multivariate data, providing an easy way to model the weights in terms of desirable data features of interest. Using variable specific non-linear composite similarity statistic to handle short, medium- and long-term auto-relationships, the framework provides a unified context for easy quantification and assessment of both vital sign and observation level relative relevance. With the above formulation, better calibration and indication of key vital signs in traumatic events is presented. An illustrative example using real physiological vital sign datasets on trauma and non-traumatic patients provides evidence on its utility in handling both key informative incident and non-incident vital sign-specific features, events and patterns for development of pragmatic health monitoring indicators.
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Castelluccio, Francesco, Mario Catalano, Davide Fichera, Marco Migliore, and Salvatore Amoroso. "Standardization of Road Danger Signs in the European Union." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 27, no. 1 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v27i1.1504.
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The aim of this research is to find a solution for the standardization of road signs in the EU zone by a comparative analysis of different national sign systems to establish a common set from a single country. This work is based on the idea that road sign standardization might increase the safety level of transnational journeys and foster the relationships among the various members of the EU Community. This paper presents the outcome of the first step of the research, which focuses on the harmonization of danger signs. In more detail, a multicriteria approach is applied to rank 19 EU Member States on the basis of three main aspects: the installation cost of new signs, new sign learning issues and the effectiveness of sign systems. The study allows for the installation cost by quantifying the degree of similarity among road sign systems and the roadway network extension, on which new signs should be placed.
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Berent, Iris, and Amanda Dupuis. "The unbounded productivity of (sign) language." Mental Lexicon 12, no. 3 (2017): 309–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.17016.ber.
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Abstract Unbounded productivity is a hallmark of linguistic competence. Here, we asked whether this capacity automatically applies to signs. Participants saw video-clips of novel signs in American Sign Language (ASL) produced by a signer whose body appeared in a monochromatic color, and they quickly identified the signs’ color. The critical manipulation compared reduplicative (αα) signs to non-reduplicative (αβ) controls. Past research has shown that reduplication is frequent in ASL, and frequent structures elicit stronger Stroop interference. If signers automatically generalize the reduplication function, then αα signs should elicit stronger color-naming interference. Results showed no effect of reduplication for signs whose base (α) consisted of native ASL features (possibly, due to the similarity of α items to color names). Remarkably, signers were highly sensitive to reduplication when the base (α) included novel features. These results demonstrate that signers can freely extend their linguistic knowledge to novel forms, and they do so automatically. Unbounded productivity thus defines all languages, irrespective of input modality.
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Papsdorf, Michael, and Lynn Alden. "Mediators of Social Rejection in Social Anxiety: Similarity, Self-Disclosure, and Overt Signs of Anxiety." Journal of Research in Personality 32, no. 3 (1998): 351–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.1998.2219.
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Franczak, Paula, Mieczysław Witzling, and Wiaczesław Siczewski. "Yersiniosis or Leśniowski-Crohn’s disease." Polish Journal of Surgery 90, no. 1 (2018): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.5966.
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Yersiniosis is zoonotic disease caused by infection with Yersinia enterocolictica. The variety of clinical signs and the similarity to other diseases causes major diagnostics and therapeutics difficulties. The authors present a case of Yersinia enterocolitica infection in a 38-year-old patient, mimicking Leśniowski Crohn’s disease.
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Nguyen, Anh-Khoa Tho, Tin Tran, Phuc Hong Nguyen, and Vinh Quang Dinh. "Self-supervised few-shot learning for real-time traffic sign classification." International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics 10, no. 1 (2024): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/ijain.v10i1.1522.
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Although supervised approaches for traffic sign classification have demonstrated excellent performance, they are limited to classifying several traffic signs defined in the training dataset. This prevents them from being applied to different domains, i.e., different countries. Herein, we propose a self-supervised approach for few-shot learning-based traffic sign classification. A center-awareness similarity network is designed for the traffic sign problem and trained using an optical flow dataset. Unlike existing supervised traffic sign classification methods, the proposed method does not depend on traffic sign categories defined by the training dataset. It applies to any traffic signs from different countries. We construct a Korean traffic sign classification (KTSC) dataset, including 6000 traffic sign samples and 59 categories. We evaluate the proposed method with baseline methods using the KTSC, German traffic sign, and Belgian traffic sign classification datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed method extends the ability of existing supervised methods and can classify any traffic sign, regardless of region/country dependence. Furthermore, the proposed approach significantly outperforms baseline methods for patch similarity. This approach provides a flexible and robust solution for classifying traffic signs, allowing for accurate categorization of every traffic sign, regardless of regional or national differences.
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Ilnytskyi, Аnatoliy, and Oleg Tsukanov. "STATIC AND DYNAMIC ASSESSMENTS OF INFORMATION SIGNS IN RECOGNITION OF SOURCES AND OBJECTS OF OBSERVATION IN THE PROCESS OF RADIO MONITORING." Information and Telecommunication Sciences, no. 2 (December 19, 2022): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2411-2976.22022.72-78.
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Background. The current state and problems of the surveillance and radio monitoring systems of Ukraine require fundamentally new approaches to increasing their efficiency and the level of informatization. At the same time, the informatization of the radio monitoring system should be understood as the process of implementation and application in various areas of their activity of methods and means of collecting, transmitting, processing, saving and using information in order to increase the effectiveness of conducting radio monitoring and meet the needs of national security based on the formation and use of information resources.
 Objective. The purpose of the paper is to increase the effectiveness of radio monitoring by using the calculation of estimates of dynamic and static informational features when recognizing sources and objects of radio radiation and determining their phase (operational) state and level of possible danger.
 Methods. Recognition is based on the method of least squares by calculating the degree of "similarity" (similarity coefficient) of the recognized object with objects whose classes are known. Both the researched and reference objects are presented as a set of values of informational features of various nature, some of which are unchanged over the entire period of observation, that is, static, while others change dynamically.
 Results. The structure of the automated system of classification and recognition of surveillance objects and the recognition algorithm based on the calculation of static and dynamic information features and the similarity coefficient are proposed.
 Conclusions. A distinctive feature of deciding whether an object or a source of information belongs to one or another class feature is the calculation of the degree of "similarity" (similarity coefficient) of the recognized object to objects whose classes are known. To eliminate recognition errors associated with a violation of the synchronicity of measurements of the values of dynamic informational features of reference objects and objects to be recognized, a calculation is required taking into account possible time shifts.
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Zubok, Yulia, Anna Karpova, and Aleksei Savelev. "Practical network topology in the study of online radicalisation of youth: opportunities and limitations." Vestnik instituta sotziologii 15, no. 1 (2024): 13–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/vis.2024.15.1.2.
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The paper presents key approaches to understanding and researching radicalisation, as well as the opportunities and limitations of applying some research methods to model network topology and assess content similarity of online communities. Today, Web Mining and AI methods and technologies are often applied in research on social networks and youth participation in them. However, the question how these approaches can be effectively used to study online radicalisation remains open. The answer to this question should increase the explanatory and predictive power of computational models for detecting and predicting radicalisation in the online space. In much of the Russian research on online radicalisation, a common approach has been to reduce the task of identifying the interconnectedness of individual online communities or clusters of them to assessing the degree of similarity in terms of subscribers or linguistic markers. This approach is limited in predicting new connections between communities and justifying radicalisation pathways, but is relevant in modelling information diffusion. In this paper, the authors aim to demonstrate the possibilities and limitations of applying the tf-idf, doc2vec methods to assess the content similarity of online communities without signs of radicalisation and online communities with signs of radicalisation. This approach allowed the authors to identify communities with a significant tendency to unite (to establish direct links). The paper presents the results of the comparative study in the form of social graphs formed according to the principles of subscriber commonality, similarity of significant words, and contextual similarity based on the doc2vec model. The social graph based on doc2vec method performed better in terms of clustering of online communities as well as interpretability of the results. This is crucial for detecting and predicting radicalisation online, as it opens the prospect of exploring the nature of assortativity in the observed network.
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Fortunado, Ismael Tabuñar. "HOMOPHONICS - A WORD OR NOT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 2 (2019): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i2.2019.1027.
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Languages were studied. The author gathered information about different history of languages. This is an extension to homophones. Similarity or difference of pronunciation of letters, syllables, words, numbers, numerals, characters, symbols, signs, … were discussed. Each has an origin and its pronunciation greatly matters in communication. Examples are given to show homophonics.
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Fattakhova, N. N. "The concept of kitchen in superstition signs." Philology and Culture, no. 1 (April 26, 2025): 140–46. https://doi.org/10.26907/2782-4756-2025-79-1-140-146.
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The article considers the function specifics of the kitchen concept in the television series “The Blind” and “The Fortune Teller”, focused on the ritualization and sacralization of familiar and everyday objects and foodstuffs. The main purpose of the work is to identify the general patterns of formation and the concept functions of kitchen in television discourse, to establish the core and periphery of the conceptual field. To this end we should take into account the strategies and tactics of using superstition signs in television discourse. New, television, signs are formed according to the basic models of traditional signs, based on such principles as prediction, similarity and conditional-consequential semantics. Their specificity lies in the fact that they are focused on modern norms of everyday behavior. The analysis of television discourse makes it possible to identify a number of functions of modern superstition signs, such as prognostic, regulatory and identifying, which contribute to understanding why they underlie TV series. A superstition sign is considered as a script of the TV series based on everyday life situations, whose prediction actualizes the conceptual space of the kitchen token, enabling us to identify certain discrepancies with the traditional scheme of folk signs. We have found that the same sign can highlight different scenarios, schemes, frames through the prism of cultural, mental and social perception. The study is based on superstition signs (more than two hundred units), related to the concept of kitchen.
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Shi, Xingjie, Shuangge Ma, and Yuan Huang. "Promoting sign consistency in the cure model estimation and selection." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 1 (2019): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280218820356.
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In survival analysis, when a subset of subjects has extremely long survival, the two-part cure rate model has been commonly adopted. In the two-part model, the first part is for a binary response and describes the probability of cure. The second part is for a survival response and describes the probability of survival. Despite their intuitive interconnections, most of the existing works estimate the two parts without any constraint. The existing works on proportionality promote similarity in magnitudes (i.e. quantitative similarity) and can be too restrictive. In this study, for the two-part cure rate model, we propose imposing a sign-based penalty to promote similarity in signs (i.e. qualitative similarity). The proposed strategy can be more informative than those that neglect the two-part interconnections and be less restrictive than the existing proportionality works. Penalty is also imposed to select relevant variables and accommodate high-dimensional data. Numerical studies, including simulation and two data analyses, demonstrate the advantageous performance of the proposed approach.
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Perry, Margaret. "Managing Bowen's disease in primary care settings." Practice Nursing 35, no. 8 (2024): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2023.0033r1.
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Bowens disease is a rare condition, considered a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma. Because of its similarity to several other skin conditions, accurate diagnosis can be challenging. There are multiple risk factors and several treatment options. This article has hoped to give an overview of risk factors, signs and symptoms, treatment, and complications with the aim of giving nurses and non-medical prescribers increased confidence in recognising this disease. Bowen's disease is a rare condition thought to affect approximately 15 per 100,000 people in the UK each year. Because of the similarity with other skin conditions, diagnosis can be challenging for clinicians.
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Nascimento, Fábio A., Marília Grando Sória, Vanessa Rizelio, and Pedro A. Kowacs. "Cerebral Venous Thrombosis with Migraine-Like Headache and the Trigeminovascular System." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2059749.
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Cerebral venous thrombosis- (CVT-) associated headache is considered a secondary headache, commonly presenting as intracranial hypertension headache in association with seizures and/or neurological signs. However, it can occasionally mimic migraine. We report a patient presenting with a migraine-like, CVT-related headache refractory to several medications but intravenous dihydroergotamine (DHE). The response to DHE, which is considered to be an antimigraine medication, in addition to the neurovascular nature of migraine, points out to a probable similarity between CVT-headache and migraine. Based on experimental studies, we discuss this similarity and hypothesize a trigeminovascular role in the genesis of CVT-associated headache.
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Dregulo, Andrei M. "IDENTIFICATION OF OBJECTS OF ACCUMULATED ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE BASED ON PRIMARY INDICATIVE SIGNS OF DEGRADATION OF UNDERGROUND SPACE." Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin, no. 3 (2024): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2024-3-125-138.
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Disposal of waste in the soil is one of the most common ways to neutralize it. However, this entails significant risksto the environment, leading to the appearance of objects of accumulated environmental damage (AED). Despite the efforts made bythe state (separate collection, prohibition of disposal of certain types of waste, etc.), it must be recognized that minimizing environmental damage associated with waste is only possible with an integrated approach to solving the problem. The objects of disposal orwaste treatment are often formed as natural-and-technical systems that ensure environmental safety, having a number of distinctivefeatures of their targeted exploitation. The life cycle of such natural-and-technical systems is determined by the time frame of exploitation or the volume of deposited waste, and therefore, systems of this type realize and exhaust their resource as accumulative systems(of collection / storage / disposal) of waste. The results of the study and systematization of geoecological factors of AED made itpossible to formulate in the paper 5 primary indicative signs of degradation of territories and underground space caused by various types of AED. Comparison of AED objects by similarity (pollution) criterion based on binomial distribution shows that even whendepositing the same type of waste, there are no pronounced factors of similarity in pollution between objects: firstly, concentrationvalues may differ by an order of magnitude, secondly, external conditions and similarity of composition in polluting componentscharacterizing the operation of specific facilities may vary significantly – and therefore, primary inventory of AED factors can lead toerroneous results on which further work on the elimination of AED will depend, including an increase in the volume of work and thecost of reclamation.
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Naranjo-Zeledón, Luis, Mario Chacón-Rivas, Jesús Peral, and Antonio Ferrández. "Phonological Proximity in Costa Rican Sign Language." Electronics 9, no. 8 (2020): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081302.
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The study of phonological proximity makes it possible to establish a basis for future decision-making in the treatment of sign languages. Knowing how close a set of signs are allows the interested party to decide more easily its study by clustering, as well as the teaching of the language to third parties based on similarities. In addition, it lays the foundation for strengthening disambiguation modules in automatic recognition systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind for Costa Rican Sign Language (LESCO, for its Spanish acronym), and forms the basis for one of the modules of the already operational system of sign and speech editing called the International Platform for Sign Language Edition (PIELS). A database of 2665 signs, grouped into eight contexts, is used, and a comparison of similarity measures is made, using standard statistical formulas to measure their degree of correlation. This corpus will be especially useful in machine learning approaches. In this work, we have proposed an analysis of different similarity measures between signs in order to find out the phonological proximity between them. After analyzing the results obtained, we can conclude that LESCO is a sign language with high levels of phonological proximity, particularly in the orientation and location components, but they are noticeably lower in the form component. We have also concluded as an outstanding contribution of our research that automatic recognition systems can take as a basis for their first prototypes the contexts or sign domains that map to clusters with lower levels of similarity. As mentioned, the results obtained have multiple applications such as in the teaching area or the Natural Language Processing area for automatic recognition tasks.
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Ismael, Tabuñar Fortunado. "HOMOPHONICS - A WORD OR NOT." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 7, no. 2 (2019): 221–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2593763.
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Languages were studied. The author gathered information about different history of languages. This is an extension to homophones. Similarity or difference of pronunciation of letters, syllables, words, numbers, numerals, characters, symbols, signs, … were discussed. Each has an origin and its pronunciation greatly matters in communication. Examples are given to show homophonics.
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Janko, Richard. "Eteocypriot in the Bronze Age? The Cypro- Minoan cylinder from Enkomi as an accounting document." Kadmos 59, no. 1-2 (2020): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kadmos-2020-0003.
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Abstract The terracotta cylinder from Enkomi is the longest extant text in Cypro-Minoan 1, but its content is completely unknown. Scholars have held that it uses two different signs for word-dividers. However, it is here argued that one set of these signs is actually numerals, and that this is an accounting-document which uses single-sign abbreviations as on the classical Idalion tablet. Analysis of the resulting ‘entries’ on the cylinder yields sign-groups with terminations in -o-ti resembling those in the corpus of classical Eteocypriot texts; this similarity suggests linguistic continuity from the Bronze Age to the classical period.
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Klettner, Silvia. "Why Shape Matters—On the Inherent Qualities of Geometric Shapes for Cartographic Representations." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 5 (2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8050217.
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All human communication involves the use of signs. By following a mutually shared set of signs and rules, meaning can be conveyed from one entity to another. Cartographic semiology provides such a theoretical framework, suggesting how to apply visual variables with respect to thematic content. However, semiotics does not address how the choice and composition of such visual variables may lead to different connotations, interpretations, or judgments. The research herein aimed to identify perceived similarities between geometric shape symbols as well as strategies and processes underlying these similarity judgments. Based on a user study with 38 participants, the (dis)similarities of a set of 12 basic geometric shapes (e.g., circle, triangle, square) were examined. Findings from cluster analysis revealed a three-cluster configuration, while multidimensional scaling further quantified the proximities between the geometric shapes in a two-dimensional space. Qualitative and quantitative content analyses identified four strategies underlying the participants’ similarity judgments, namely visual, affective, associative, and behavioral strategies. With the findings combined, this research provides a differentiated perspective on shape proximities, cognitive relations, and the processes involved.
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Börstell, Carl, Thomas Hörberg, and Robert Östling. "Distribution and duration of signs and parts of speech in Swedish Sign Language." Sign Language and Linguistics 19, no. 2 (2016): 143–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.19.2.01bor.
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In this paper, we investigate frequency and duration of signs and parts of speech in Swedish Sign Language (SSL) using the SSL Corpus. The duration of signs is correlated with frequency, with high-frequency items having shorter duration than low-frequency items. Similarly, function words (e.g. pronouns) have shorter duration than content words (e.g. nouns). In compounds, forms annotated as reduced display shorter duration. Fingerspelling duration correlates with word length of corresponding Swedish words, and frequency and word length play a role in the lexicalization of fingerspellings. The sign distribution in the SSL Corpus shows a great deal of cross-linguistic similarity with other sign languages in terms of which signs appear as high-frequency items, and which categories of signs are distributed across text types (e.g. conversation vs. narrative). We find a correlation between an increase in age and longer mean sign duration, but see no significant difference in sign duration between genders.
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de Oña Navarro, Maria, Santiago Melón García, Marta Álvarez-Argüelles, Ana Fernández-Verdugo, and Jose Antonio Boga Riveiro. "Infection by rhinovirus: Similarity of clinical signs included in the case definition of influenza IAn/H1N1." Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica 30, no. 7 (2012): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2011.12.001.
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Myakisheva, T. V., and O. P. Idobaeva. "TUBERCULOSIS OR CANCER: CAUSES OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC ERRORS." Вестник ЦНИИТ 7, no. 4 (2023): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.57014/2587-6678-2023-7-4-39-45.
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We carried out an analysis of differential diagnostic errors among patients with cancer diagnosed in TB institutions in Smolensk region in 2017–2021. Delayed diagnostics of tumors in the lungs or pleura was revealed. The causes of overdiagnosis of TB in patients with malignant tumors were as follows: the similarity of clinical and radiological signs of the diseases, the similarity of laboratory test results, false positive results of M. tuberculosis detection in sputum, lack of the recombinant tuberculosis allergen (RTA) test, misinterpretation of radiological data. In indeterminate cases it is vital to verify the diagnosis as soon as possible by performing biopsy from the pathological site.
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Toshtemirov, Elyor Nuraliyevcih, and Hamida Abdurahimovna Ziyayeva. "ANTONYMY OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS: FORMAL AND SEMANTIC SIMILARITY AS A CRITERION OF OPPOSITION." Results of National Scientific Research 1, no. 6 (2022): 390–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144610.
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The article compares the ideas of phraseological antonyms existing in linguistics. The conditions for the emergence of antonymic relations between phraseological units are specified, the formal signs of antonymic oppositions are identified and systematized. The author's classification of phraseological antonyms is developed on the basis of the type of opposite indicated, the problem of opposition of phraseological and lexical units is analyzed. Comparison of phraseological units of unrelated English and Uzbek languages revealed many common features, from which it follows that antonymy is a universal phenomenon.
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Poruthukaren, Kurian. "An attempt to estimate the noises in Homeopathic Pathogenetic Trials by employing the Jaccard Similarity Index and Noise Index." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 22, no. 2 (2023): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v22i2.1327.
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Background: The critical task of researchers conducting double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled homeopathic pathogenetic trials is to segregate the signals from the noises. The noises are signs and symptoms due to factors other than the trial drug; signals are signs and symptoms due to the trial drug. Unfortunately, the existing tools: the criteria for a causal association of symptoms with the tested medicine, qualitative pathogenetic index, quantitative pathogenetic index, and the pathogenic index, have limitations in analyzing the symptoms of the placebo group as a comparator resulting in inadequate segregation of the noises. Hence, proposing the Jaccard similarity index and Noise index for analyzing the symptoms of the placebo group as a comparator.
 Methods: This index is the ratio of the number of common elements among the placebo and intervention groups to the aggregated number of elements in these groups. The Noise index is the ratio of common elements among the placebo and intervention group to the total elements of the intervention group. The Homeopathic pathogenetic trials of Plumbum metallicum, Piper methysticum, and Hepatitis C nosode were selected for experimenting with the computation of the Jaccard similarity index and Noise index.
 Results: The Jaccard similarity index shows that 8% of Plumbum metallicum's elements, 10.7% of Piper methysticum's elements, and 19.3% of Hepatitis C nosode's elements were similar to the placebo group when elements of both the groups (intervention and placebo) aggregated. The noise index shows that 10.7 % of Plumbum metallicum's elements, 13.9% of Piper methysticum's elements, and 25.7% of Hepatitis C nosode's elements were similar to the placebo group.
 Conclusion: The Jaccard similarity index and Noise index might be considered an additional tool to analyze the symptoms of the placebo group as a comparator resulting in better noise segregation.
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Marcet, Ana, Hnazand Ghukasyan, María Fernández-López, and Manuel Perea. "Jalapeno or jalapeño: Do diacritics in consonant letters modulate visual similarity effects during word recognition?" Applied Psycholinguistics 41, no. 3 (2020): 579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716420000090.
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AbstractPrior research has shown that word identification times to DENTIST are faster when briefly preceded by a visually similar prime (dentjst; i↔j) than when preceded by a visually dissimilar prime (dentgst). However, these effects of visual similarity do not occur in the Arabic alphabet when the critical letter differs in the diacritical signs: for the target the visually similar one-letter replaced prime (compare and is no more effective than the visually dissimilar one-letter replaced prime Here we examined whether this dissociative pattern is due to the special role of diacritics during word processing. We conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment in Spanish using target words containing one of two consonants that only differed in the presence/absence of a diacritical sign: n and ñ. The prime-target conditions were identity, visually similar, and visually dissimilar. Results showed an advantage of the visually similar over the visually dissimilar condition for muñeca-type words (muneca-MUÑECA < museca-MUÑECA), but not for moneda-type words (moñeda-MONEDA = moseda-MONEDA). Thus, diacritical signs are salient elements that play a special role during the first moments of processing, thus constraining the interplay between the “feature” and “letter” levels in models of visual word recognition.
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Oei, Ronald Wihal, Hao Sen Andrew Fang, Wei-Ying Tan, Wynne Hsu, Mong-Li Lee, and Ngiap-Chuan Tan. "Using Domain Knowledge and Data-Driven Insights for Patient Similarity Analytics." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 8 (2021): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11080699.
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Patient similarity analytics has emerged as an essential tool to identify cohorts of patients who have similar clinical characteristics to some specific patient of interest. In this study, we propose a patient similarity measure called D3K that incorporates domain knowledge and data-driven insights. Using the electronic health records (EHRs) of 169,434 patients with either diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidaemia (DHL), we construct patient feature vectors containing demographics, vital signs, laboratory test results, and prescribed medications. We discretize the variables of interest into various bins based on domain knowledge and make the patient similarity computation to be aligned with clinical guidelines. Key findings from this study are: (1) D3K outperforms baseline approaches in all seven sub-cohorts; (2) our domain knowledge-based binning strategy outperformed the traditional percentile-based binning in all seven sub-cohorts; (3) there is substantial agreement between D3K and physicians (κ = 0.746), indicating that D3K can be applied to facilitate shared decision making. This is the first study to use patient similarity analytics on a cardiometabolic syndrome-related dataset sourced from medical institutions in Singapore. We consider patient similarity among patient cohorts with the same medical conditions to develop localized models for personalized decision support to improve the outcomes of a target patient.
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Karnaushkina, M. A., A. D. Strutynskaya, S. L. Babak, and M. V. Gorbunova. "Characteristics Radiologic Signs of Infectious Bronchiolitis. A Practical Approach for the General Doctors." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 11, no. 2 (2021): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-6704-2021-11-2-85-93.
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The «bronchiolitis» unites a heterogeneous group of diseases of inflammatory nature, the anatomical substrate of which are Airways without cartilage wall-bronchioles. Despite the etiological diversity of bronchiolitis, pathomorphological they manifest a certain set of changes in the lung tissue. This determines the similarity of visualization of different types of bronchiolitis during computed tomography of the chest. The key to successful diagnosis of bronchiolitis is a clear understanding of the definition of this pathology and a comprehensive analysis by a Clinician of anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data. In this article, we will consider three types of cellular bronchiolitis, which are combined by imaging on computed tomography of the chest pattern «tree in the kidneys»: infectious, aspiration bronchiolitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.
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Seliverstova, Elena I. "Levels of Manifestation of Typological Similarity in Proverbs of Different Languages." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 11, no. 2 (2020): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-2-198-212.
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The relevance of this article is due to the contradiction between the typical position of linguoculturologists, who use proverbs in their studies to illustrate the idea of the national specific mental representations of the world, reflected in the language, on the one hand, and the undeniable similarity in the verbal, logical and semantic structures of the proverbs that we observe when comparing the proverbial material of completely different languages - related and not related: English, German, Russian, Czech, Bulgarian, Chinese, Turkish, Armenian, etc. The object of analysis is composed of proverbs as units by means of which the speakers express their attitude to the world in a figurative form and manifest themselves as carriers of a certain culture. This rapprochement is carried out in several directions. We note the undoubted similarity (1) in the field of thematic areas, chosen to state the results of observation and conclusions, which generalize the experience gained and derive pragmatic meaning from it; (2) at the level of proverbial condensates (mental constructs, ideas) that briefly convey the contents of the proverb - such as “A wife and a husband are different”, “A child inherits the properties of parents”, “A little bad thing spoils a big good”, etc.; (3) at the level of generalized concepts - the signs of them are especially actively reflected in proverbs: the image of gold in its various interpretations is universal - as a standard of a high degree of any characteristic, as a way of solving many life difficulties, etc.; (4) at the level of components that verbalize concepts, become sustainable elements of proverbs, can be opposed or compared. Binomial pairs form the logical and semantic structure of proverbs (“friend” - “alien”, “smart” - “stupid”, “head” - “legs”), move from one unit to another and some of them can have different verbal implementations (“predator” - “victim”: wolf - lamb/sheep/cow ). This analysis allows us to talk about coincidences not only in assessing the importance of individual objects and phenomena, in thoughts about them and associations, in the spectrum of identifiable signs, in verbalization techniques used for matching generalized ideas, and - at last - about a certain reduction in the pathos of the statement about the national specificity of the proverbial space of the particular language.
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Chong, Kyusoo. "A Study on the Improvement of Automatic Text Recognition of Road Signs Using Location-based Similarity Verification." Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems 18, no. 6 (2019): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12815/kits.2019.18.6.241.
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Ma, Ling, Xiabi Liu, and Baowei Fei. "A multi-level similarity measure for the retrieval of the common CT imaging signs of lung diseases." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 58, no. 5 (2020): 1015–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11517-020-02146-4.
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Berteletti, Ilaria, SaraBeth J. Sullivan, and Lucas Lancaster. "The unexplored role of handshape similarity in processing numbers on the hands." Journal of Numerical Cognition 7, no. 2 (2021): 156–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jnc.6997.
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With two simple experiments we investigate the overlooked influence of handshape similarity for processing numerical information conveyed on the hands. In most finger-counting sequences there is a tight relationship between the number of fingers raised and the numerical value represented. This creates a possible confound where numbers closer to each other are also represented by handshapes that are more similar. By using the American Sign Language (ASL) number signs we are able to dissociate between the two variables orthogonally. First, we test the effect of handshape similarity in a same/different judgment task in a group of hearing non-signers and then test the interference of handshape in a number judgment task in a group of native ASL signers. Our results show an effect of handshape similarity and its interaction with numerical value even in the group of native signers for whom these handshapes are linguistic symbols and not a learning tool for acquiring numerical concepts. Because prior studies have never considered handshape similarity, these results open new directions for understanding the relationship between finger-based counting, internal hand representations and numerical proficiency.
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Dudareva, Ya A. "Similarity of linguistic signs to the point of confusion and linguo-personological similarity of texts (on the material of political accounts in social networks in the russian language)." Culture and Text, no. 48 (2022): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2305-4077-2022-1-199-211.
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In this article, the phenomenon of the similarity of linguistic signs is considered in the linguo-personological aspect, taking into account the model of linguistic personality proposed by Yu. N. Karaulov. The selected material of analysis (a fake account of a government official on the Instagram social network) led to the following conclusion: if at the verbal-semantic, thesaurus and motivational level a linguistic personality X manifests itself in a similar way to another linguistic personality Y, the text of the linguistic personality X is perceived as a text of the language personality Y, which means that there is a linguo-personological similarity between these texts. Since virtual communication is a space in which fake accounts are widespread, and situations of erroneous attribution of text are not single, but repetitive, we consider it possible to introduce a typology of linguistic personalities: real and fake linguistic personalities.
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Ptitsyna, Irina B. "Semiotic Threshold: Animals and People." Linguistic Frontiers 4, no. 1 (2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lf-2021-0006.
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Abstract The author discusses the question of whether animals have a language. The article examines the similarities and differences in the linguistic capabilities of animals and humans. The similarity lies in the fact that animals can use symbolic signs to receive and send messages. Among other things, they can receive and interpret signs on a delayed basis without the direct presence of their sender, although to a fundamentally lesser extent than people. The comparison is carried out both for signs perceived by the organism (afferent signs) and for signs created by the organism (efferent signs), both related to communication and the perception of the environment outside the community. The main difference is the possibility of telling about events outside the “here and now” in which the narrator could or may not take part. This is the narrative. No signs of animals using the narrative were found. The resulting differences in storytelling use are hypothesized to be related to additional language functions that have increased in humans compared to animals. People have psychological characteristics caused by the presence of the stage of individuation and separation in development. This allows them to move away from the situation and see it from the outside, which is necessary for retelling. On the other hand, people need to communicate with the help of a narrative, since their society includes a sacred part, whose members receive descriptions of events, requests, questions, and their answers in the form of various signs and the results fortune-telling need a detailed interpretation.
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Habibi, Muhamad Lutfi. "Analisis Semiotika Penggambaran Perempuan Bercadar dalam Film Pendek “Menjadi Aku Tak Harus Kaku”." Kalijaga Journal of Communication 3, no. 2 (2021): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/kjc.32.01.2021.
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The background problem of this research is how the depiction of face-veiled woman is found in the short movie "Menjadi Aku Tak Harus Kaku" produced by Islam-inspired online media, Islamidotco. The unit of analysis in this research is verbal signs and visual signs in each sequence which are identified through the technical understanding of the cinematic elements of the film. This research method uses Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic analysis of the triadic relationship between sign and object and the interpretation. The findings show that the depiction of face-veiled woman can be categorized into three meanings, that is experiencing a transformation that leads to tolerance, establishing relationships with other humans and the natural environment, and having a strong commitment in living life choices. The meaning of these signs are the icon that represents similarity in appearance and the index that reacts to phenomena that are often closely associated with face-veiled women in Indonesia.