Relevant bibliographies by topics / Single Layer Urban Canopy Model

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Single Layer Urban Canopy Model'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 January 2023
Last updated: 28 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Single Layer Urban Canopy Model.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Single Layer Urban Canopy Model"

1

Ryu, Young-Hee, Jong-Jin Baik, and Sang-Hyun Lee. "A New Single-Layer Urban Canopy Model for Use in Mesoscale Atmospheric Models." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 9 (September 2011): 1773–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jamc2665.1.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractA new single-layer urban canopy model for use in mesoscale atmospheric models is developed and validated. The urban canopy model represents a built-up area as a street canyon, two facing buildings, and a road. In this model, the two facing walls are divided into sunlit and shaded walls on the basis of solar azimuth angle and canyon orientation, and individual surface temperature and energy budget are calculated for each wall. In addition, for better estimation of turbulent energy exchange within the canyon, a computational fluid dynamics model is employed to incorporate the effects of canyon aspect ratio (height-to-width ratio) and reference wind direction on canyon wind speed. The model contains the essential physical processes occurring in an urban canopy: absorption and reflection of shortwave and longwave radiation, exchanges of turbulent energy and water between surfaces (roof, two facing walls, and road) and adjacent air, and heat transfer by conduction through substrates. The developed urban canopy model is validated using datasets obtained at two urban sites: Marseille, France, and Basel, Switzerland. The model satisfactorily reproduces canyon air temperatures, surface temperatures, net radiation, sensible heat fluxes, latent heat fluxes, and storage heat fluxes for both sites. Extensive experiments are conducted to examine the sensitivities of the urban surface energy balance to meteorological factors and urban surface parameters. The reference wind speed is found to be a more crucial meteorological factor than the reference air temperature in altering urban surface energy balance, especially for weak winds. The urban surface energy balance is most sensitive to the roof albedo among urban surface parameters. The roof fraction, canyon aspect ratio, and ratio of roughness length for momentum to that for heat for the roof play important roles in altering urban surface energy balance.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Flagg, D. D., and P. A. Taylor. "Sensitivity of mesoscale model urban boundary layer meteorology to urban morphology." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 11 (November 3, 2010): 25909–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-25909-2010.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Mesoscale modeling of the urban boundary layer requires careful parameterization of the surface due to its heterogeneous morphology. Model estimated meteorological quantities, including the surface energy budget and canopy layer variables, will respond accordingly to the scale of representation. This study examines the sensitivity of the surface energy balance, canopy layer and boundary layer meteorology to the scale of urban surface representation in a real urban area (Detroit-Windsor (USA-Canada)) during several dry, cloud-free summer periods. The model used is the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with its coupled single-layer urban canopy model. Some model verification is presented using measurements from the Border Air Quality and Meteorology Study (BAQS-Met) 2007 field campaign and additional sources. Case studies span from "neighborhood" (10 s ~ 30 m) to very coarse (120 s ~ 3.7 km) resolution. Small changes in scale can affect the classification of the surface, affecting both the local and grid-average meteorology. Results indicate high sensitivity in turbulent latent heat flux from the natural surface and sensible heat flux from the urban canopy. Small scale change is also shown to delay timing of a lake-breeze front passage and can affect the timing of local transition in static stability.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Flagg, D. D., and P. A. Taylor. "Sensitivity of mesoscale model urban boundary layer meteorology to the scale of urban representation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 6 (March 30, 2011): 2951–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2951-2011.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Mesoscale modeling of the urban boundary layer requires careful parameterization of the surface due to its heterogeneous morphology. Model estimated meteorological quantities, including the surface energy budget and canopy layer variables, will respond accordingly to the scale of representation. This study examines the sensitivity of the surface energy balance, canopy layer and boundary layer meteorology to the scale of urban surface representation in a real urban area (Detroit-Windsor (USA-Canada)) during several dry, cloud-free summer periods. The model used is the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with its coupled single-layer urban canopy model. Some model verification is presented using measurements from the Border Air Quality and Meteorology Study (BAQS-Met) 2007 field campaign and additional sources. Case studies span from "neighborhood" (10 s ~308 m) to very coarse (120 s ~3.7 km) resolution. Small changes in scale can affect the classification of the surface, affecting both the local and grid-average meteorology. Results indicate high sensitivity in turbulent latent heat flux from the natural surface and sensible heat flux from the urban canopy. Small scale change is also shown to delay timing of a lake-breeze front passage and can affect the timing of local transition in static stability.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Li, Peiyuan, and Zhi-Hua Wang. "Modeling carbon dioxide exchange in a single-layer urban canopy model." Building and Environment 184 (October 2020): 107243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107243.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kusaka, Hiroyuki, Hiroaki Kondo, Yokihiro Kikegawa, and Fujio Kimura. "A Simple Single-Layer Urban Canopy Model For Atmospheric Models: Comparison With Multi-Layer And Slab Models." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 101, no. 3 (December 2001): 329–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1019207923078.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Zhang, Hongbin, Naoki Sato, Takeki Izumi, Keisuke Hanaki, and Toshiya Aramaki. "Modified RAMS-Urban Canopy Model for Heat Island Simulation in Chongqing, China." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jamc1397.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract A single-layer urban canopy model was integrated into a nonhydrostatic meteorological model, the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). In the new model, called RAMS-Urban Canopy (RAMS-UC), anthropogenic heat emission was also considered. The model can be used to calculate radiation, heat, and water fluxes in an urban area, considering the geometric structure and thermodynamic characteristics of the urban canopy. The urban canopy was represented by normalized street canyons of infinite length, which were bordered by buildings on both sides. The urban region was covered by three types of surfaces: roof, wall, and road. Anthropogenic heat was emitted from these surfaces. Sensitivity tests between the original RAMS and the modified one were carried out by simulating the urban heat island (UHI) of Chongqing, located in an inland mountainous region in China. The results of the model were also compared with the observational data. It was found that the original model could not accurately simulate the UHI, in particular at night, whereas the accuracy was significantly improved in the RAMS-UC. The improvement is substantial even when anthropogenic heat emission is set to zero.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Vogel, Julian, and Afshin Afshari. "Comparison of Urban Heat Island Intensity Estimation Methods Using Urbanized WRF in Berlin, Germany." Atmosphere 11, no. 12 (December 9, 2020): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11121338.

Full text
Abstract:
In this study, we present a meso-scale simulation of the urban microclimate in Berlin, Germany, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical weather prediction platform. The objective of the study is to derive an accurate estimate of the near-surface urban heat island (UHI) intensity. The simulation is conducted over a two-week summer period. We compare different physical schemes, different urban canopy schemes and different methods for estimating the UHI intensity. The urban fraction of each urban category is derived using the Copernicus Impervious Density data and the Corine Land Cover data. High-resolution City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) data is used to estimate the building height densities required by the multi-layer urban canopy model (UCM). Within the single-layer UCM, we implement an anthropogenic heat profile based on the large scale urban consumption of energy (LUCY) model. The optimal model configuration combines the WRF Single Moment Five-Class (WSM5) microphysics scheme, the Bougeault–Lacarrère planetary boundary layer scheme, the eta similarity (Mellor–Yamada–Janjic) surface layer scheme, the Noah Multi-Parameterization land surface model, the Dudhia and Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM) radiation schemes, and the multi-layer UCM (including the building energy model). Our simulated UHI intensity results agree well with measurements with a root mean squared error of 0.86K and a mean bias error of 0.20K. After model validation, we proceed to compare several UHI intensity calculation methods, including the ‘ring rural reference’ (RRR) method and the ‘virtual rural reference’ (VRR) method. The VRR mthod is also known as the ‘urban increment’ method. We suggest and argument that the VRR approach is superior.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Demuzere, M., A. M. Coutts, M. Göhler, A. M. Broadbent, H. Wouters, N. P. M. van Lipzig, and L. Gebert. "The implementation of biofiltration systems, rainwater tanks and urban irrigation in a single-layer urban canopy model." Urban Climate 10 (December 2014): 148–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.10.012.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Wang, Chenghao, Zhi-Hua Wang, and Young-Hee Ryu. "A single-layer urban canopy model with transmissive radiation exchange between trees and street canyons." Building and Environment 191 (March 2021): 107593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107593.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Simón‐Moral, Andrés, Anurag Dipankar, Matthias Roth, Claudio Sánchez, Erik Velasco, and Xiang‐Yu Huang. "Application of MORUSES single‐layer urban canopy model in a tropical city: Results from Singapore." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 146, no. 727 (December 17, 2019): 576–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3694.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Single Layer Urban Canopy Model"

1

Zhang, Hengyue. "Using satellite remote sensing, field observations and WRF/single-layer urban canopy model simulation to analyze the Oklahoma City UHI effect." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1594250.

Full text
Abstract:

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) was investigated using satellite data, ground observations, and simulations with an Urban Canopy Parameterization in a numerical weather prediction model. Satellite-observed surface skin temperatures at Xi'an City and Oklahoma City (OKC) were analyzed to compare the UHI intensity for the two inland cities. A larger population density and larger building density in Xi'an City creates a stronger skin-level UHI effect. However, ground observed 2-m surface air temperature (Tair) data showed an urban cooling island (UCI) effect that occurred over an urban region in OKC during the daytime of July 19, 2003.

The sensitivity and accuracy of an Urban Canopy Model were evaluated by comparing simulation results between the urban and rural areas of OKC. The model reproduced skin temperature differences between the rural and urban area and reproduced a UCI effect in OKC. Furthermore, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)/Noah/Single-Layer Urban Canopy Model (SLUCM) simulations were also compared with ground observations, including wind speeds, wind directions, and energy fluxes. Although the WRF/SLCUM model failed to simulate these variables accurately, it reproduced the diurnal variations of surface temperatures, wind speeds, wind directions and energy fluxes reasonably well.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Krayenhoff, Eric Scott. "A multi-layer urban canopy model for neighbourhoods with trees." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51674.

Full text
Abstract:
Over 50% of the world’s population lives in cities, many of which are hot, polluted, and expanding. The design of cities impacts local meteorology and climate, which affect building energy use and the comfort and health of urban residents. Numerical models that incorporate the relevant urban elements and physical processes can predict these effects and guide management strategies. Addition of vegetation is a key design strategy for moderation of local urban climate, and many cities already boast extensive vegetation. Relative to shorter vegetation, urban trees have unique effects on local climate and pollutant dispersion: they provide shade and shelter, interacting with buildings and streets to alter climate and wind flow. Urban canopy models (UCMs) predict neighbourhood-scale (10² – 10⁴ m) energy exchange and climate of atmospheric layers between and above the buildings. Few UCMs represent the urban canopy with multiple layers, which permit more flexible and process-based representation of canopy physics. Most UCMs neglect vegetation, or incorporate it with a separate model, neglecting interaction between vegetation and built elements. This dissertation develops BEP-Tree, the first multi-layer urban canopy model that explicitly includes trees and their interaction with buildings. It consists of an existing multi-layer UCM, a foliage energy balance model, and two major developments: firstly, a model that distributes solar and infrared radiation amongst tree foliage, road, roof, and wall elements at multiple heights, accounting for radiation ‘trapping’ and mutual shading; secondly, parameterization of building and tree foliage effects on flow, including generation and dissipation of turbulence, drag on the mean wind, and explicit consideration of sheltering. The combined model permits a range of building and tree configurations, and makes possible advanced assessment of impacts of trees on urban climate, air quality, human comfort and building energy loads. BEP-Tree is compared with measurements from the Sunset neighbourhood in Vancouver, Canada. Urban trees channel sensible heat into latent heat (evaporation), shift surface-atmosphere energy exchange upwards, slow canopy wind, and dissipate turbulence, especially if taller than nearby buildings. Effects of trees on canopy thermal climate depend on representation of neighbourhood-scale foliage clumping in radiation versus dynamical processes, and further theoretical advances are required.
Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Imran, Hosen M. "The Urban Heat Island of Melbourne during Heatwaves: Impacts of Future Urban Expansion and Effectiveness of Green Infrastructure as Mitigation Strategies." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43345/.

Full text
Abstract:
The city of Melbourne in southeast Australia experiences an Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, which is exacerbated during heatwaves, and the latter are becoming more frequent, intense and longer in southeast Australia. In addition, Melbourne is the fastest growing city in Australia. Therefore, it is urgent to understand the dynamics of UHI and impacts of future urban expansion on the UHI during heatwaves. Based on these issues, there is a crucial need to investigate the effectiveness of potential mitigation strategies to minimize UHI effects during heatwaves. The overarching aim of the thesis is to investigate the impacts of future urban expansion on the UHI during heatwave events in Melbourne, and examine the effectiveness of different Green Infrastructure (GI) scenarios such as green/cool roofs, mixed forest (MF), mixed forest and grassland (MFAG), and mixed shrublands and grasslands (MSAG) in mitigating UHI effects. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with the Single Layer Urban canopy Model (SLUCM) was used in simulating the UHI and heatwaves. Since the WRF model is known to be sensitivity to the choice of physical parameterisation options, an initial sensitivity analysis of the model was conducted and the best-possible WRF configuration to simulate the UHI during heatwaves in Melbourne was determined, among a 27-member physics ensemble. This configuration was used throughout the rest of the thesis. Urban expansion increased near surface UHI by 0.75 to 2.80 °C during the night but no substantial impacts during the day. Urban surfaces absorbed more solar heat during the day as compared to vegetated surfaces, and the absorbed heat was released slowly from evening to early morning. The storage heat in urban surfaces was the key driver in increasing UHI during the night. Urban expansion did not substantially affect human health (HTC) comfort in existing and expanded urban areas. Green roofs showed good performance in reducing roof surface UHI (1 to 3.8 °C) and near surface UHI (0.3 to 1.1 °C) during the day but not during the night, while cool roofs showed higher reductions at the roof surface UHI (2.2 to 5.2 °C) and near surface UHI (0.5 to 1.6 °C) during the day. Green roofs increased evapotranspiration and provided shading, and consequently, increased Latent Heat (LH) and substantially decreased storage heat and sensible heat, and as a result, reduced the UHI. Cool roofs reflected a major portion of incoming solar radiation due to higher albedo, and reduced the sensible heat flux and storage heat, and these were the key drivers in reducing UHI during the day. In addition, both green and cool roofs showed good potential in improving HTC from extreme to very strong during the day. Other GI scenarios such as MF, MFAG and MSAG were effective in reducing UHI effects and improving HTC during the night but no substantial reductions were occurred during the day. By increasing GI fractions from 20 to 50 %, the UHI was reduced by 0.6 to 3.4 °C for MF, 0.4 to 3.0 °C for MSAG and 0.6 to 3.7 °C for MFAG. The night time cooling was driven by reductions in storage heat as 20 to 50 % urban areas were replaced by GI, which would have led to even less radiation reaching the ground surface during the day due to their higher LAI and shade factor, and leading to lower storage heat. As the green and cool roofs showed potential in reducing UHI effects during the day while urban vegetated patches showed effectiveness during the night, therefore, a combination of green/cool roofs and urban vegetated patches could be an optimal mitigation strategy in reducing UHI effects and improving HTC during both day and night.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Single Layer Urban Canopy Model"

1

Zhu, Yuemei, Jing Liu, Yang Yao, Zuiliang Ma, Aya Hagishima, and Jun Tanimoto. "Evaluating the Impact of Solar Radiation on Outdoor Thermal Comfort by the Development and Validation of a Simple Urban Climatic Model." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99012.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper, in order to predict the outdoor thermal environment, a simple multi-layer canopy model coupled with calculation of outdoor thermal comfort was developed. SET* value was used to estimate the pedestrian level of thermal comfort in the outdoor thermal environment. Preliminary verification of this model using observational data on the outdoor thermal conditions showed good results. In addition, the results show that outdoor thermal comfort is significantly different with air temperature. Except for air temperature, both solar radiation and humidity play important roles on outdoor thermal comfort.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Gutie´rrez, Estatio, Jorge E. Gonza´lez, Robert Bornstein, Mark Arend, and Alberto Martilli. "A New Modeling Approach to Forecast Building Energy Demands During Extreme Heat Events in Complex Cities." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54844.

Full text
Abstract:
The thermal response of a large city including the energy production aspects of it are explored for a large and complex city using urbanized atmospheric mesoscale modeling. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesocale model is coupled to a multi-layer urban canopy model that considers thermal and mechanical effects of the urban environment including a building scale energy model to account for anthropogenic heat contributions due to indoor-outdoor temperature differences. This new urban parameterization is used to evaluate the evolution and the resulting urban heat island formation associated to a 3-day heat wave in New York City (NYC) during the summer of 2010. High resolution (250 m.) urban canopy parameters (UCPs) from the National Urban Database were employed to initialize the multi-layer urban parameterization. The precision of the numerical simulations is evaluated using a range of observations. Data from a dense network of surface weather stations, wind profilers and Lidar measurements are compared to model outputs over Manhattan and its surroundings during the 3-days event. The thermal and drag effects of buildings represented in the multilayer urban canopy model improves simulations over urban regions giving better estimates of the surface temperature and wind speed. An accurate representation of the nocturnal urban heat island registered over NYC in the event was obtained from the improved model. The accuracy of the simulation is further assessed against more simplified urban parameterizations models with positive results with new approach. Results are further used to quantify the energy consumption of the buildings during the heat wave, and to explore alternatives to mitigate the intensity of the UHI during the extreme event.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Du, T. Z., Chun-Ho Liu, and Y. B. Zhao. "Large-Eddy Simulation of Reactive Pollutant Dispersion Over Street Canyons of Different Aspect Ratios." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21252.

Full text
Abstract:
In urban areas, pollutants are emitted from vehicles then disperse from the ground level to the downstream urban canopy layer (UCL) under the effect of the prevailing wind. For a hypothetical urban area in the form of idealized street canyons, the building-height-to-street-width (aspect) ratio (AR) changes the ground roughness which in turn leads to different turbulent airflow features. Turbulence is considered an important factor for the removal of reactive pollutants by means of dispersion/dilution and chemical reactions. Three values of aspect ratio, covering most flow scenarios of urban street canyons, are employed in this study. The pollutant dispersion and reaction are calculated using large-eddy simulation (LES) with chemical reactions. Turbulence timescale and reaction timescale at every single point of the UCL domain are calculated to examine the pollutant removal. The characteristic mechanism of reactive pollutant dispersion over street canyons will be reported in the conference.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

González, Jorge E., and Estatio Gutierrez. "On the Environmental Sensible/Latent Heat Fluxes From A/C Systems in Urban Dense Environments: A New Modeling Approach and Case Study." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49583.

Full text
Abstract:
Recent trends for denser cities and associated levels of human activity reflected in energy demands are requiring new ways for quantifying human environmental impacts in cities. There is little information on human-induced environmental heat fluxes from very dense urban environments, and far less information on the anthropogenic sensible/latent heat flux partition. To address this, a surface energy model that takes into account evaporation from impervious surfaces and from cooling towers from buildings was implemented in the multilayer urban canopy model (BEP+BEM) of the Weather Forecasting Research (WRF) model to estimate the overall sensible/latent heat fluxes from urban surfaces and from air condition (A/C) systems from buildings in complex urban environments. The scenario used as case study was New York City (NYC) during summers (2010 & 2013). Urban canopy parameters from the Department of City Planning of NYC were assimilated into WRF with BEP+BEM at 250 meters horizontal resolution to have an accurate representation of the city topology. The modeling approach was calibrated with surface weather stations in NYC showing general good agreement with slight tendency to overestimate maximum temperatures and underestimate moisture content at nighttime. The A/C component was estimated in 150W/m2 latent heat due to cooling towers, and close to 40 W/m2 in sensible. Evaporative cooling technology diminishes between 80 and 90% the amount of sensible heat which is transformed into latent heat. Impacts of anthropogenic in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) reflect warm season increases in the PBL height, and significant increases of atmospheric instability.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Chow, W. K. "Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics: Fire Safety Awareness for Gas Station in Dense Urban Areas With Wind Effects." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56699.

Full text
Abstract:
Consequent to a big gas station fire in Macau and another recent one affected by a nearby explosion in a fireworks factory in China, there are concerns on the fire safety issues of gas stations in urban areas. Those two incidents were not too terrible but the situation would be much worse if there was strong wind, especially in a dense urban area where buildings are closely built together. There are many gas stations built within residential areas in Hong Kong. Wind-induced air movement is a transient phenomenon which depends not only on the wind speeds measured at some designated sites, but is also strongly affected by the surrounding environment. For a gas station located adjacent to a taller building, turbulent effects due to incident wind fields would be important. This is not just a safety problem of the gas station, nor for any single building. A risk management system should be worked out by the Authority in the estate district, suburb, or even the whole city. The problem must be considered carefully for cities with dense population and numerous highrise buildings. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a suitable tool for hazard assessment on the spreading of smoke and heat. In this paper, the wind-induced air flow in a gas station fire next to a building was studied by CFD. The CFD simulator selected is the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) version 3.01. Acoustic filtering technique was applied to remove the flow with high Mach number and large-eddy simulations (LES) were applied to model smaller turbulent scales. Different scenarios on the gas station position, building height and distance away from a vertical wall of the building were simulated. Wind effect was simulated by taking the incident air flow as a parabolic boundary layer. The results are very useful for working out risk management in case of accidents. Note that smoke or even flame will spread by following the wind-induced air motion.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Single Layer Urban Canopy Model' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography